Academic literature on the topic 'Energy meter calibration'

Olencki, Andrzej, and Piotr Mróz. "Testing Of Energy Meters Under Three-Phase Determined And Random Nonsinusoidal Conditions." Metrology and Measurement Systems 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mms-2014-0019.

Zhou, Wei Wei, Ji Ye Huang, Ming Yu Gao, Zhi Wei He, and Bu Sen Cai. "Design and Realization of CAN-Based Main Control System of Multi-Station Meter Testing Equipment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 719-720 (January 2015): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.719-720.411.

Wang, San Qiang, Xing Zhe Hou, Yan Lin Liu, and Qiu Hui Zhuang. "Electronic Type Electric Energy Meter Calibrating Method Application Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 278-280 (January 2013): 994–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.278-280.994.

Hou, Tao, and Yan Hong Guo. "Research of Calibration Instrument of Multi-Site Single-Phase Energy Meter." Applied Mechanics and Materials 273 (January 2013): 424–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.273.424.

Балабан, В. М., К. И. Мунтян, and Е. П. Тимофеев. "CALIBRATION OF A FLUORESCENT PULSE LASER ENERGY METER." Ukrainian Metrological Journal, no. 3A (November 30, 2020): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24027/2306-7039.3a.2020.218498.

Kromplyas, B. A., A. S. Levytskyi, and Ie O. Zaitsev. "SMART SHIELD PANEL AC VOLTMETER CELL." Praci Institutu elektrodinamiki Nacionalanoi akademii nauk Ukraini 2021, no. 60 (December 10, 2021): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/publishing2021.60.065.

Xu, Zi Li, Tie Jie Wang, Min Lei, Jun Zhang, and Kai Zhu. "Research on Verification Device of DC Electrical Energy Meter for Electric Vehicle Charger." Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (November 2012): 651–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.651.

Shen, J. J. S., V. C. Ting, and E. H. Jones. "Application of Sonic Nozzles in Field Calibration of Natural Gas Flows." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 111, no. 4 (December 1, 1989): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3231425.

Hou, Songxue, Yuyou Liu, Yunying Xu, Shunchao Wang, and Dan Xu. "Analysis and optimization of calibration method of digital energy meter." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 887 (August 2017): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/887/1/012034.

Carstens, Herman, Xiaohua Xia, and Sarma Yadavalli. "Low-cost energy meter calibration method for measurement and verification." Applied Energy 188 (February 2017): 563–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.12.028.

Larsson, Peter. "Calibration of Ionization Chambers for Measuring Air Kerma Integrated over Beam Area in Diagnostic Radiology." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medicinsk radiofysik, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7848.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory (National Institute of Standards and Technology). Optoelectronics Division., ed. High-accuracy laser power and energy meter calibration service. Boulder, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory (National Institute of Standards and Technology). Optoelectronics Division, ed. High-accuracy laser power and energy meter calibration service. Boulder, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003.

Livigni, David J. High-accuracy laser power and energy meter calibration service. Boulder, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory (National Institute of Standards and Technology). Optoelectronics Division., ed. High-accuracy laser power and energy meter calibration service. Boulder, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory (National Institute of Standards and Technology). Optoelectronics Division, ed. High-accuracy laser power and energy meter calibration service. Boulder, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003.

Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers, ed. Building energy metering. London: Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers, 2009.

High-Accuracy Laser Power and Energy Meter Calibration Service. National Institute of Standards and Tech, 2004.

High-accuracy laser power and energy meter calibration service. Boulder, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003.

Laser doppler velocimetry for continuous flow solar-pumped iodine laser system. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1991.

Pruna, Edwin, Carlos Bustamante, Miguel Escudero, Santiago Mullo, Ivón Escobar, and José Bucheli. "Automatic Calibration for Residential Water Meters by Using Artificial Vision." In Intelligent Manufacturing and Energy Sustainability, 173–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1616-0_16.

Sun, Ying, Zhipeng Su, Qiong Wu, Feiou Yu, Ying Zhao, and Enzhen Hou. "Clock Synchronization Methods of Electric Meters Based on Wireless Communication." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220015.

Liu, Xiaolong, Jushang Li, Ruitong Zhang, Hongjie Jiang, Xikuan Chen, Jihao Cheng, and Fucheng Liu. "Transient Quantitative Identification Algorithm Based on Laser Impulse Response." In Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Smart Manufacturing and Material Processing (SMMP2022). IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220835.

Petryshyn, Igor, and Olexandr Bas. "NATURAL GAS HEAT COMBUSTION DETERMINATION ON MEASURING SYSTEMS WITH DUPLICATE GAS UNITS." In Integration of traditional and innovative scientific researches: global trends and regional aspect. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-001-8-2-8.

"into account. Therefore, every time a new batch of food is to be irradiated, the operator must establish the dose and dose distribution by strategically placing dose meters into and between the food packages and evaluating the dose meter reading. Once the process is running smoothly, it is usually not necessary to carry out dosimetry on all the product. Monitoring the process parameters and making occasional dosimetric checks is now sufficient (23). In most countries government regulations require that food irradiation proces­ sors maintain records that describe for each food lot the radiation source, source calibration, dosimetry, dose distribution in the product, and certain other process parameters (see Chapter 11). A short introduction to the interaction of ionizing radiation with matter is appro­ priate at this point, although the effects of ionizing radiation on food components will be described in more detail in Chapter 3. When high-energy electrons are absorbed by a medium they lose their kinetic energy by interacting with electrons of the medium. (At very high energy, far above that allowed for food irradiation, accelerated electrons can also interact with nuclei of the medium.) The interaction with orbital electrons of the atoms of the medium (the absorber) causes ionizations and excitations. Ionization means that orbital electrons are ejected from atoms of the medium; excitation means that orbital electrons move to an orbit of higher energy. Ejected electrons (secondary electrons), carrying a large portion of the energy of the incident electron, also lose energy through interaction with orbital electrons of the absorber. Electrons at low velocities (subexcitation energy level) can cause molecular vibrations on their way to becoming thermalized. As a result of the collisions with atoms of the absorber material the incident electrons can change direction. Repeated collisions cause multiple changes of direction. The result is a scattering of electrons in all directions. This is shown schematically in Figure 12a. When gamma or x-ray photons interact with the absorber, three types of interaction can occur: The photoelectric effect The Compton effect, and Pair production (i.e., formation of pairs of electrons and positrons) Photoelectric absorption occurs largely with photons of energies below 0.1 MeV and pair production primarily with photons of energies above 10 MeV. Both are of minor importance in food irradiation, where the Compton effect predominates. As portrayed in Figure 13, in the Compton effect an incident photon interacts with an absorber atom in such a way that an orbital electron is ejected. The incident photon continues after the collision in a changed direction and with less." In Safety of Irradiated Foods, 47–48. CRC Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482273168-37.

"than its original energy. The ejected electron (Compton electron) has enough kinetic energy to cause excitations and ionizations in the absorber atoms. It thus interacts with the absorber in the same way as the ejected secondary electrons produced by an electron accelerator beam (Fig. 12b). Because Compton electrons are produced when gamma or x-ray photons interact with a medium, and because the Compton electrons cause ionizations and excitations in the same way as secondary electrons produced by accelerator beam electrons, the radiation-induced chemical changes in the irradiated medium are largely the same, regardless of the type of radiation used. The purpose of dose meters is to measure the amount of radiation energy absorbed by the irradiated product. The instrument that gives a reading of absorbed dose directly is the calorimeter. It measures the total energy dissipated or the rate of energy dissipation in a material in terms of the thermal properties of the absorbing body. This instrument, therefore, is considered to be an absolute dose meter that can be used for calibrating other dose meters. The principle of radiation calorime­ try is implicit in the definition of the radiation dose unit 1 Gy (gray) = 1 J (joule)/ kg. Ideally the temperature elevation should be measured in the irradiated food product itself— but in practice this is usually not done because the thermal properties of foodstuffs vary widely. A substance with known, reproducible thermal properties is taken instead, which serves as a heat-sensing calorimetric body, included in an adiabatic system (adiabatic = without transmission of heat). Water, graphite, aluminum, or a water-equivalent plastic is usually chosen, and the thermal change is determined by small calibrated thermocouples or thermis­ tors embedded in the calorimetric body. The practice of using radiation calorimetry is not simple, and ways to use it in a routine fashion have been developed only recently (24,25). Because the process of temperature elevation should run under adiabatic or quasi-adiabatic conditions, the dose has to be applied in a very short time. Calorimetry is therefore mostly used for measuring electron accelerator beam doses. The absorbed dose in the calorimetric body can be converted to that of the material of interest (foodstuff) by taking into consideration the different density and the different energy absorp­ tion coefficients of the two materials. The temperature elevation depends on radiation dose and on the specific heat of the material irradiated. A dose of 10 kGy causes a temperature elevation as follows: 2.3K in water (specific heat 4.2 kJ/kg • K) 6.2K in dry protein (specific heat 1.6 kJ/kg • K) 7.1K in dry carbohydrate (specific heat 1.4 kJ/kg • K) 12.5 K in glass (specific heat 0.8 kJ/kg • K)." In Safety of Irradiated Foods, 49. CRC Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482273168-38.

Dubara, Himanshu V., Mahesh Parihar, and Krithi Ramamritham. "Smart Energy Meter Calibration." In e-Energy '21: The Twelfth ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3447555.3466569.

Cai, Ying. "Design of Laser Energy Meter Calibration System." In 2021 IEEE 15th International Conference on Electronic Measurement & Instruments (ICEMI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icemi52946.2021.9679676.

Edwards, Shannon, Dave Bobick, and Steven Weinzierl. "Impact of harmonic current on energy meter calibration." In 2011 IEEE Energytech. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/energytech.2011.5948506.

Xu, Hongwei, Zhan Meng, Junwei Zhang, Chao Ding, and Zhongxiao Cong. "Research on Calibration Method for Digital Energy Meter." In 2017 2nd Joint International Information Technology, Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Conference (JIMEC 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jimec-17.2017.128.

Chen, Qiong, Li Tang, and Cheng Chen. "The Calibration Algorithm of Energy Detection and Site Meter." In 2011 Second International Conference on Digital Manufacturing and Automation (ICDMA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdma.2011.302.

Xiao, Ji, Yingying Cheng, Jie Du, and Feng Zhou. "Discussion on Measurement and Field Calibration of Digital Energy Meter." In 2016 5th International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environment Engineering (ICSEEE 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icseee-16.2016.110.

Chen, Gang, Yulin Wu, Guangjun Cao, Mingjie Li, and Suhong Fu. "Prediction on Meter Factor of the Turbine Flowmeter With Unsteady Numerical Simulation." In ASME 2008 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the Heat Transfer, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2008-55144.

Sinha, S., N. Mandal, and S. C. Bera. "Calibration of electrode polarization impedance type flow meter using neural network." In 2016 2nd International Conference on Control, Instrumentation, Energy & Communication (CIEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ciec.2016.7513807.

Myers, Daryl R., Thomas L. Stoffel, Ibrahim Reda, Stephen M. Wilcox, and Afshin M. Andreas. "Recent Progress in Reducing the Uncertainty in and Improving Pyranometer Calibrations." In ASME 2001 Solar Engineering: International Solar Energy Conference (FORUM 2001: Solar Energy — The Power to Choose). American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sed2001-126.

Tan, Hengyu, Hejun Yao, Yan Huang, Huanning Wang, Zhihua Zhao, and Yan He. "Temperature-Controlled Smart Energy Meter Field Calibration System Based on Measurement Risk Rating." In 2019 3rd International Conference on Smart Grid and Smart Cities (ICSGSC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsgsc.2019.00-18.

Livigni, David. High-accuracy laser power and energy meter calibration service. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.250-62.