Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Energy exchange'
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Khorashad, Arash Sorouri. "Investigation of the exchange energy density functional." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504765.
Full textKerr, Duncan James Mackay. "Exchange-correlation energy of inhomogeneous electron gases." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627264.
Full textNg, Hui-Siong. "Low energy (K§+, ¹²C) charge exchange cross section measurements." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ60159.pdf.
Full textBexell, Jonas, and Erik Bjureus. "A study of energy exchange in earth air tubes." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-93600.
Full textEftersom energifrågor idag är av stort intresse har rapportskrivarna undersökt ett alternativ till att tjäna energi genom att dra ner kostnaderna för uppvärmning av tilluften i ett ventilationssystem. Detta genom att ta tilluften för ett från- och tilluftssystem med värmeväxlare via rör nedgrävda i marken kan man förvärma tilluften, vilket man i sin tur skulle kunna tjäna energi på. Man slipper på så sätt tillföra lika mycket energi för att få den önskade tilluftstemperaturen. Rapporten tar även upp om marklagda ventilationsrör är ett bra komplement till från- och tilluftssystemet. Rapporten börjar med att beskriva kort om ventilationens historia samt olika ventilationssystem som används idag. Vidare beskrivs hur ett system med marklagda rör fungerar och även två layouter på hur systemet kan installeras. Rapportskrivarna använder projektet Daggkåpan i Linköping som grund för undersökningen och de ger även en alternativ lösning till det befintliga ventilationssystemet. I denna rapport påvisas även vilka faktorer som spelar in för att få ett så stort energiutbyte som möjligt samt vilka problem som kan uppstå med denna typ av komplement till ett från- och tilluftssystem. I rapporten ser man hur man genom optimering av marklagda rör samt beroende på vilken elenergikälla man använder sig av, faktiskt kan tjäna energi och i sin tur pengar på att installera markrör. Den faktor som visat sig spelat in mest på hur energiutbytet påverkas är främst längden. Övriga faktorer så som grundläggningsdjup, diameter samt luftflöde har visat sig spela mindre roll på hur mycket energi man kan spara med dessa rör. Slutligen avslutas rapporten med rapportskrivarnas egna reflektioner och en diskussion utifrån resultaten.
Jalles, Diogo Oom de Sousa Tovar. "Weak-form efficiency of equity energy exchange traded funds." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10865.
Full textO principal objetivo desta dissertação de final de mestrado é aferir se os Exchange Traded Funds (ETF) Energéticos são eficientes na forma fraca. Para o período compreendido entre 2008 e 2012 selecionámos todos os ETFs energéticos que são negociados no mercado de capitais dos Estados Unidos, com uma data de emissão anterior a 2008. A amostra selecionada é composta por 26 ETFs e foram usados os dados históricos dos preços diários para aplicar vários testes: testes de autocorrelação, testes de runs, testes de raízes unitárias admitindo quebras estruturais, análise de raízes unitárias em painel e testes de rácio de variância. Estes testes permitiram-nos concluir que a variação dos preços dos ETFs Energéticos seguem um passeio aleatório e que a hipótese de eficiência fraca não é rejeitada.
The main purpose of this final master dissertation is to assess the weak-form efficiency of Equity Energy Exchange Traded Funds (ETF). For the period of 2008-2012 we selected all equity energy ETFs traded in the U.S. stock market with inception date before 2008. The sample selected, is composed by 26 ETFs and we make use of full daily historical data and apply various tests: autocorrelation tests, runs test, unit roots structural breaks tests, panel unit roots analysis and variance ratio tests. These tests allow us to conclude that equity energy ETFs price changes follow a random walk, and so the weak-form efficiency hypothesis is not rejected.
Alam, Muddasser. "Enabling cooperative and negotiated energy exchange in remote communities." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/366694/.
Full textSanchez-Friera, Paula. "Total energy calculations from self-energy models." Thesis, University of York, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369299.
Full textHastie, Michele. "Energy and Water Conservation in Biodiesel Purification Processes." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20384.
Full textEnberg, Rikard. "Quantum chromodynamics and colour singlet exchange in high energy interactions." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Nuclear and Particle Physics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3385.
Full textQuantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the fundamental theory in elementary particle physics that describes the strong interaction in terms of exchanges of force-carrying, colour-charged particles known as gluons. Although well-established through experimental verifications, there are fundamental unsolved problems in the theory.
In this thesis, some novel aspects of strong interaction dynamics are studied in the context of colour singlet exchange processes — interactions where complex systems of gluons with no net colour charge are exchanged. Both perturbative and non-perturbative QCD methods are used, as well as Monte Carlo computer simulations.
Soft colour interactions in the final state of a high energy collision can lead to effective colour singlet exchange. Non-perturbative models for such interactions are shown to give a good description of diffractive production of W, Z, bb, J/ψ and jets in pp collisions at the Tevatron. Predictions are given for diffractive Higgs boson and prompt photon production at hadron colliders.
Rapidity gaps between jets is a new phenomenon which is studied with an improved perturbative calculation of hard colour singlet exchange using the BFKL equation, taking into account previously neglected contributions and non-leading logarithmic corrections. Including also underlying soft rescattering effects, the complete model reproduces well data from the Tevatron.
Diffractive vector meson production through hard colour singlet exchange in γp collisions is studied in the framework of the conformal invariant non-forward solution of the BFKL equation. Expressions for helicity-dependent amplitudes are derived, and the results show good agreement with data on J/ψ and ρ production from the ep collider HERA.
These studies lead to a deeper knowledge of complex gluon dynamics, and therefore advance our understanding of QCD.
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Keane, Michael K. "Hysteresis phenomena of ferromagnetic bodies using the nonlocal exchange energy model." Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-171642/.
Full textEdwards, Eric Alan. "Water, Energy and Carbon Dioxide Exchange of a Riparian Mesquite Woodland." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2002. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0090_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
Full textRugmai, Supagorn. "Three-body models of breakup and charge-exchange reactions." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1998. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843216/.
Full textKellner, Erik. "Surface Energy Exchange and Hydrology of a Poor Sphagnum Mire." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5121-7/.
Full textTerway, Timothy M. (Timothy Michael). "Industrial symbiosis and the successional city : adapting exchange networks to energy constraints." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40129.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 115-[119]).
Industrial ecology offers models for hybridizing technology and natural processes, human desires and the capacities of ecosystems in an effort to reconcile the expanding conflicts among them. Industrial symbiosis applies this thinking to the scale of the city and its supporting industrial operations. Case studies of industrial symbiosis, which is the changing of linear, open-loop production to closed-loop systems through the reuse and exchange of waste materials, energy, and knowledge, showcase advantages in waste and energy use reduction within the United States. What are the major limits holding back the widespread development of industrial symbiosis in this country and how can they be overcome? Secondly, what tools can foster its large-scale implementation once the constraints are overcome? Methodologically, the successful study of the future capacity of industrial symbiosis within the American context must address the future consequences of resources that are no longer cheap nor abundant, as well as the current state of their production, distribution, and consumption.
(cont.) The major constraints facing industrial symbiosis in America are: current extremely high subsidies in transport and resource costs, low symbiosis visibility, non-existent data collection standards, undeveloped communication networks, and no unified regulatory mechanisms. Future limits and cost changes in transport and resources will become the ultimate push to make exchange habits a widespread practice in the United States, enabling the above issues to be effectively addressed. The timing of these limits is uncertain. Yet, planners must be in the right place at the right time with the proper tools to facilitate a transition to the widespread implementation of industrial symbiosis. This thesis provides a framework for how planners can foster the successful large-scale implementation of industrial symbiosis in the U.S. through a variety of interventions. It suggests four distinct tools: increased visibility of industrial symbiosis through marketing outlets; a new web-based "social-networking" tool for industries to share information and expand communication; a multiple-tiered regulation structure to facilitate standards development; and lastly physical planning that intelligently responds to future trends in energy, resources, mobility, and spatial patterns of industrial development.
by Timothy M. Terway.
M.C.P.
Loukova, G. V. "Harvesting and Electron-Exchange Energy Transfer by d0 Metallocene-based Organized Systems." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35397.
Full textTsutsui, Yuko. "EXPLORING FUNCTIONAL AND FOLDING ENERGY LANDSCAPES BY HYDROGEN-DEUTERIUM EXCHANGE MASS SPECTROMETRY." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1196199391.
Full textZayene, Mariem. "Cooperative data exchange for wireless networks : Delay-aware and energy-efficient approaches." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0033/document.
Full textWith significantly growing number of smart low-power devices during recent years, the issue of energy efficiency has taken an increasingly essential role in the communication systems’ design. This thesis aims at designing distributed and energy efficient transmission schemes for wireless networks using game theory and instantly decodable network coding (IDNC) which is a promising network coding subclass. We study the cooperative data exchange (CDE) scenario in which all devices cooperate with each other by exchanging network coded packets until all of them receive all the required information. In fact, enabling the IDNC-based CDE setting brings several challenges such us how to extend the network lifetime and how to reduce the number of transmissions in order to satisfy urgent delay requirements. Therefore, unlike most of existing works concerning IDNC, we focus not only on the decoding delay, but also the consumed energy. First, we investigate the IDNC-based CDE problem within small fully connected networks across energy-constrained devices and model the problem using the cooperative game theory in partition form. We propose a distributed merge-and-split algorithm to allow the wireless nodes to self-organize into independent disjoint coalitions in a distributed manner. The proposed algorithm guarantees reduced energy consumption and minimizes the delay in the resulting clustered network structure. We do not only consider the transmission energy, but also the computational energy consumption. Furthermore, we focus on the mobility issue and we analyse how, in the proposed framework, nodes can adapt to the dynamic topology of the network. Thereafter, we study the IDNC-based CDE problem within large-scale partially connected networks. We considerate that each player uses no longer his maximum transmission power, rather, he controls his transmission range dynamically. In fact, we investigate multi-hop CDE using the IDNC at decentralized wireless nodes. In such model, we focus on how these wireless nodes can cooperate in limited transmission ranges without increasing the IDNC delay nor their energy consumption. For that purpose, we model the problem using a two-stage game theoretical framework. We first model the power control problem using non-cooperative game theory where users jointly choose their desired transmission power selfishly in order to reduce their energy consumption and their IDNC delay. The optimal solution of this game allows the players at the next stage to cooperate with each other through limited transmission ranges using cooperative game theory in partition form. Thereafter, a distributed multihop merge-and-split algorithm is defined to form coalitions where players maximize their utilities in terms of decoding delays and energy consumption. The solution of the proposed framework determines a stable feasible partition for the wireless nodes with reduced interference and reasonable complexity. We demonstrate that the co-operation between nodes in the multihop cooperative scheme achieves a significant minimization of the energy consumption with respect to the most stable cooperative scheme in maximum transmission range without hurting the IDNC delay
Naghibi, Bahman. "Optimal Home Energy Management System for Committed Power Exchange Considering Renewable Generations." Thesis, Curtin University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/83166.
Full textMcCutcheon, Michael Warren. "Analysis of a 2-3 exchange symmetric neutrino mass matrix." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79048.
Full textKoller, Jan. "Analyse des Bietverhaltens eines Kraftwerkbetreibers an der EEX." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/04603916001/$FILE/04603916001.pdf.
Full textSumawong, Anannit. "Risk management of energy derivatives : hedging and margin requirements." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/53818/.
Full textTitov, A. I., V. Shklyar, B. L. Reznik, and Burkhard Kämpfer. "Bremsstrahlung in intermediate-energy nucleon reactions within an effective one-beson exchange model." Forschungszentrum Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-31042.
Full textSagerfors, Jörgen. "Land-atmosphere exchange of CO₂, water and energy at a boreal minerotrophic mire /." Umeå : Dept. of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200704.pdf.
Full textGittins, Christopher M. (Christopher Michael). "Electronic structure and electronic-vibrational energy exchange in Rydberg states of calcium monofluoride." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32639.
Full textClement, Robert J. "Mass and energy exchange of a plantation forest in Scotland using micrometeorological methods." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14588.
Full textTitov, A. I., V. Shklyar, B. L. Reznik, and Burkhard Kämpfer. "Bremsstrahlung in intermediate-energy nucleon reactions within an effective one-beson exchange model." Forschungszentrum Rossendorf, 1997. https://hzdr.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21931.
Full textMann, Jennifer Erin. "Probing the potential energy surfaces of elementary neutral reactions using dissociative charge exchange." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3335027.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed December 5, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Brorsson, Ann-Christin. "The Folding Energy Landscape of MerP." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Department of Biochemistry, Umeå University, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-309.
Full textRukas, Christopher J. "Prognostic Health Assessment of an Automotive Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System." Thesis, Rochester Institute of Technology, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1586450.
Full textProton exchange membrane fuel cells are a promising technology for the automotive industry. However, it is necessary to develop effective diagnostic tools to improve system reliability and operational life to be competitive in the automotive market. Early detection and diagnosis of fuel cell faults may lead to increased system reliability and performance. An efficient on-line diagnosis system may prevent irreparable damage due to poor control and system fatigue. Current attempts to monitor fuel cell stack health are limited to specialized tests that require numerous parameters. An increased effort exists to minimize parameter input and maximize diagnostic robustness. Most methods use complex models or black-box methods to determine a singular fault mode. Limited research exists with pre-processing or statistical methods. This research examines the effectiveness of a Naïve Bayes classifier on determining multiple states of health; such as healthy, dry, degraded catalyst, and inert gas build-up. Independent component analysis and principal component analysis are investigated for preprocessing. An automotive style fuel cell model is developed to generate data for these purposes. Since automotive applications have limited computational power, a system that minimizes the number of inputs and computational complexity is preferred.
Shi, Jinjun. "Composite Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1214964058.
Full textMelzian, Rocco. "Handelsstrategien im deutschen Elektrizitätsmarkt : Untersuchung der Gebotsstrukturen und agentenbasierte Simulation des EEX-Spothandels /." Düsseldorf : VDI-Verl, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992001315/04.
Full textAment, Felix. "Energy and moisture exchange processes over heterogeneous land surfaces in a weather prediction model." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=980850878.
Full textSchade, Falk [Verfasser]. "Energy exchange between athlete and vaulting pole: effects on pole vault performance / Falk Schade." Köln : Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, 2013. http://d-nb.info/107086353X/34.
Full textRossi, Gianmarco. "modeling of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer for green hydrogen production from solar energy." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Find full textLim, Gary Lloyd Nogra. "Elucidation of Photoinduced Energy and Electron Transfer Mechanisms in Multimodular Artificial Photosynthetic Systems." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984185/.
Full textYazaydin, Ahmet Ozgur. "Investigations Of New Horizons On H2/o2 Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1054402/index.pdf.
Full textnamely EAE1, AOY001, AOY002, AOY003 and AOY004 were manufactured with different methods and in different structures. A test station was built to make the performance tests. Performances of the PEMFCs were compared by comparing the voltage-current (V-i) diagrams obtained during the initial tests at 25 º
C of fuel cell and gas humidification temperatures. AOY001 showed the best performance among all PEMFCs with a current density of 77.5 mA/cm2 at 0.5 V and it was chosen for further parametric studies where the effect of different flow rates of H2 and O2 gases, gas humidification and fuel cell temperatures on the performance were investigated. It was found that increasing fuel cell and gas humidification temperatures increased the performance. Excess flow rate of reactant gases had an adverse effect on the performance. On the other hand increasing the ratio of flow rate of oxygen to hydrogen had a positive but limited effect. AOY001 delivered a maximum current density of 183 mA/cm2 at 0.5 V. The highest power obtained was 4.75 W
Van, der Meulen N. P. (Nicolas Philip). "The cyclotron production of selected radionuclides using medium energy protons." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21914.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Radiochemical research involving ion exchange chromatography is of paramount importance to the future of radionuclide production at the Radionuclide Production Group (RPG) of iThemba LABS. It is required for the production of high-activity yields of radionuclides to effectively remove impurities and for the safety of the operators performing such productions. The radiochemical separations of some new products from their target material, as well as experiments to determine whether production is viable, are described. 67Ga is currently being produced at the RPG and makes use of zinc targets. With the production of ultra-pure 67Ga, it was necessary to remove any Fe(III) impurities from the final product, such that it may be possible to label peptides with this product. The use of Amberchrom CG161M for this purpose was found to be satisfactory. Interest was shown in 88Y by an overseas company for the manufacture of sources. While a method involving extraction of the radionuclide and the ion exchange thereof using Chelex 100 chelating resin had been published, problems with the production persisted. Three methods, using ion exchange chromatography, were devised to produce the radionuclide, with two of them being adopted for production purposes. Thick-target nuclear data have also recently been accumulated in collaboration with colleagues from ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. There is a large demand for 82Sr for the manufacture of 82Sr/82Rb generators for medical use. A method was developed to manufacture this radionuclide with thicker (32 g) target material, bombarded in the Vertical Beam Target Station (VBTS), and to separate 82Sr from its target material with the use of Purolite S950 chelating resin. 68Ge/68Ga generators are becoming increasingly important in the world of radiopharmaceuticals. A project to develop a local generator was funded by the Innovation Fund and research was performed to produce 68Ge, such that the generator could be manufactured. This involved bombarding thicker Ga targets in the VBTS and performing the chemical separation using AG MP-1 anion exchange resin. The final product was loaded onto generators, although tests performed on different materials to the ones being marketed are also reported in this work. A project was initiated to study the cluster radioactive decay of 223Ac via 14C and 15N emission. To produce 223Ac for these observations, a Th target was bombarded. The 227Pa was separated from the target material using AG MP-1 macroporous anion exchange resin and used as a source, which decayed to 223Ac. The chemical separation and the drying of the final product onto a source plate were completed within approximately 70 minutes from the end of bombardment. The work was performed in collaboration with JINR, Russia, and University of Milan and INFN, Italy. 133Ba has a half-life of over 10 years and is an expensive radionuclide to produce. It has been used in medical and biological studies and there still appears to be a demand for it. A method was devised, utilizing AG50W-X4 cation exchange resin, to separate 133Ba from its CsCl target material. Agricultural specialists in the past have shown an interest in 28Mg, to determine the uptake of the element in fruit. It has long been regarded by some of the local researchers as an interesting project to investigate. It has been determined that the product can be produced in reasonable quantities using LiCl target material, with ten targets being bombarded in series using a 200 MeV proton beam delivered by the Separated Sector Cyclotron. A method, involving the use of Purolite S950 chelating resin, was devised to separate 28Mg from its target material.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Radiochemiese navorsing, wat ioonuitruiling chromatografie behels, is van uiterste belang vir die toekoms van die produksie van radionukliede by die Radionukliedproduksiegroep (RPG) van iThemba LABS. Dit is nodig vir die hoë aktiwiteit opbrengs van radionuklied produkte om onsuiwerhede te verwyder en vir die veiligheid van die operateurs wat die produksies moet uitvoer. Die skeiding van nuwe produkte van hulle skyfmateriaal, sowel as eksperimente om vas te stel of ‘n produksie uitvoerbaar is, word in die werk beskryf. 67Ga word tans by RPG vervaardig en maak gebruik van sink as skyfmateriaal. Vir die produksie van “ultra-suiwer” 67Ga was dit belangrik om enige Fe(III) onsuiwerhede uit die finale produk te verwyder om sodoende peptiede merking te kan uitvoer. Die gebruik van Amberchrom CG161M hars was voldoende vir dié eksperiment. ‘n Oorsese maatskappy het belangstelling getoon in 88Y vir die vervaardiging van bronne. Alhoewel ‘n metode wat die ekstraksie van die radionuklied en die ioonuitruiling daarvan met die gebruik van Chelex 100 chelerende hars reeds gepubliseer was, het probleme met die produksie voortgeduur. Drie metodes is opgestel om 88Y te produseer, waarvan twee van die metodes tans gebruik word vir produksie doeleindes. Dik-skyf kerndata is ook versamel in samewerking met kollegas van ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hongarye. Daar is ‘n groot aanvraag vir 82Sr vir die vervaardiging van 82Sr/82Rb generators vir mediese doeleindes. ‘n Metode is ontwikkel om die radionuklied te vervaardig van dikker skyfmateriaal (32 g), in die Vertikale Bundelstasie gebombardeer, en om 82Sr van sy skyfmateriaal te skei met die gebruik van Purolite S950 chelerende hars. 68Ge/68Ga generators is besig om toenemend belangrik te word in die wêreld van radiofarmasie. iThemba LABS kry baie navrae om die produk te vervaardig. Die projek was ook deel van die voorlegging aan die “Innovation Fund” en ‘n manier is ondersoek om 68Ge te vervaardig, wat benodig word om so ‘n generator te laai. Dik Ga skyfmateriaal word in die Vertikale Bundelstasie gebombardeer en ‘n chemiese skeiding is uitgevoer deur gebruik te maak van AG MP-1 anioonuitruiling hars. Die finale produk is op die generators gelaai vir toetsdoeleindes. Toetse is ook op ‘n ander tipe generator uitgevoer en word in die werk beskryf. ‘n Projek is begin om “cluster” radioaktiewe verval van 223Ac, via 14C en 15N emissie, te bestudeer. ‘n Th-skyf is met protone gebombardeer om die 223Ac te produseer vir die eksperiment. 227Pa is vervaardig en geskei van die skyfmateriaal. Dit is gedoen met die gebruik van AG MP-1 makroporeuse anioonuitruiling hars en drooggemaak op ‘n bronplaat, waar dit verval het na 223Ac. Die chemiese skeiding en die droogmaak van die finale produk op ‘n bronplaat is uitgevoer binne 70 minute na Einde van Bombardering (EVB). Die werk is deel van ‘n samewerking met kollegas van JINR, Rusland, en die Universiteit van Milaan, sowel as INFN, Italië. 133Ba het ‘n halveertyd van oor die tien jaar en is ‘n duur produk om te vervaardig. Dit is al gebruik in mediese en biologiese studies en daar is deesdae ‘n redelike aanvraag daarvoor. ‘n Metode is uitgewerk om 133Ba te skei van die CsCl skyfmateriaal met die gebruik van AG50W-X4 katioonuitruiling hars. Spesialiste in landboustudies het in die verlede belangstelling getoon in 28Mg. Dit word gebruik om die absorpsie van dié element in vrugte te ondersoek. Die produk kan vervaardig word met die gebruik van LiCl skyfmateriaal: tot soveel as tien skywe (agter mekaar) word gebombardeer met ‘n 200 MeV protonbundel te iThemba LABS. ‘n Metode, wat Purolite S950 behels, is daargestel om 28Mg van die skyfmateriaal te skei.
Hong, Jin Gi. "Development of process-based model and novel nanocomposite cation exchange membranes for salinity gradient power production." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53530.
Full textMenendez-Alonso, Elena. "Trace metal and speciation analysis using ion-exchange and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/896.
Full textWang, Cheng. "Application of the thermoelectric heat exchange module combined with renewable energy for UK domestic heating." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3788.
Full textWalikar, Vinayak P. "Multi-year Operation Effect of Geothermal Heat Exchanger on Soil Temperature for Unt Zero Energy Lab." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc407847/.
Full textFeazell, Monica N. Chambliss C. Kevin. "Synthesis, characterization, and applications of redox-mediated ion exchangers." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5097.
Full textSimon, Eric. "Modeling surface-atmosphere exchange of trace gases and energy within and above the Amazon rain forest." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972311262.
Full textYip, Ngai Yin. "Sustainable Production of Water and Energy with Osmotically-Driven Membrane Processes and Ion-Exchange Membrane Processes." Thesis, Yale University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3582181.
Full textThe world population of the 21st century is facing an increasingly challenging energy landscape and declining water quality and availability, further compounded by a rapidly expanding global population against the backdrop of climate change. To meet the challenges of the water-energy nexus in a sustainable manner, existing methods need to be advanced and new technologies developed. Osmotically-driven and ion-exchange membrane processes are two classes of emerging technologies that can offer cost-effective and environmentally sensible solutions to alleviate the pressure on our water and energy demands. The objective of this thesis is to advance forward osmosis (FO), pressure retarded osmosis (PRO), and reverse electrodialysis (RED) for the sustainable production of water and energy.
A main hindrance restricting the progress of osmotically-driven membrane processes, FO and PRO, is the absence of adequate membranes. This work demonstrates the fabrication of thin-film composite polyamide FO membranes that can attain high water flux and PRO membranes capable of achieving power density of 10 W/m2, twice the benchmark of 5 W/m2 for PRO with natural salinity gradients to be cost-effective. A membrane fabrication platform based on mechanistic understanding of the influence of membrane transport and structural parameters on process performance was developed. The morphology and microstructure of the porous support layer, and hydraulic permeability and salt selectivity of the polyamide active layer were specifically tailored by thoughtful control of the fabrication and modification conditions.
The Gibbs free energy from the mixing of river water with seawater can potentially be harnessed for clean and renewable energy production. This work analyzed the thermodynamics of PRO power generation and determined that energy efficiencies of up to ∼91% can theoretically be attained. The intrinsic limitations and practical constraints in PRO were identified and discussed. Using a tenth of the annual global river water discharge of 37,000 km 3 for PRO could potentially produce electricity for over half a billion people, ascertaining natural salinity gradients to be a sizeable renewable source that can contribute to diversifying our energy portfolio.
However, fouling of the membrane support layer can diminish the PRO productivity by detrimentally increasing the hydraulic resistance. Analysis of the water flux behavior and methodical characterization of the membrane properties shed light on the fouling mechanism and revealed the active-support layer interface to play a crucial role during fouling. A brief osmotic backwash was shown to be effective in cleaning the membrane and achieving substantial performance recovery.
Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is an ion-exchange membrane process that can also extract useful work from salinity gradients. This dissertation research examined the energy efficiency and power density of RED and identified a tradeoff relation between the two performance parameters. Energy efficiency of ∼33-44% can be obtained with technologically-available membranes, but the low power densities of < 1 W/m2 is likely to be impede the realization of the process. To further advance RED as a salinity energy conversion method, ion-exchange membrane technology and stack design need to be advanced beyond their current limitations.
When analyzed with simulated existing state-of-the-art membranes, PRO exhibited greater energy efficiencies (54-56%) and significantly higher power densities (2.4-38 W/m2) than RED (18-38% and 0.77-1.2 W/m 2). The drawback of RED is especially pronounced at large salinity gradients, where the high solution concentrations overwhelm the Donnan exclusion effect and detrimentally diminish the ion exchange membrane permselectivity. Additionally, the inherent different in driving force utilization (osmotic pressure difference for PRO and Nernst potential for RED) restricts RED from exploiting larger salinity gradients to enhance performance. Overall, PRO is found to be the more favorable membrane-based technology for accessing salinity energy.
This work presents pioneering advances for forward osmosis and pressure retarded osmosis membrane development. The fundamental studies of the osmotically-driven membrane processes and ion-exchange membrane processes yielded significant findings that enhanced our mechanistic and thermodynamic understanding of the technologies. The important insights can serve to inform the realization of the emerging membrane-based technologies for the sustainable production of water and energy. The implications of the thesis are potentially far-reaching and are anticipated to shape the discussion on FO, PRO, and RED.
Pustlauk, Maria. "The preventive effect and its behavioral impact on market manipulations at the European Energy Exchange (EEX)." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19771.
Full textThe work examines the problem of market manipulation in complex markets from an antitrust and capital market law perspective, using the example of the German wholesale market for electricity (European Energy Exchange, EEX) and applying the methodology of the economic analysis of law. It is shown that authorities applying the ban of market manipulations on potential infringements regularly face problems of proving a breach of the law which may result in a lack of enforcement of sanctions. Considerable gaps in enforcement result that may reduce the deterrent effect of the prohibition significantly. The central thesis of this work is therefore, that an evolution of the existing system of sanctions is required such that it exerts repercussions on market participants´ reasoning that make an offence unattractive already from the ex-ante perspective. In the first section, the market conditions as well as the existing legal framework are examined. As a result of this analysis, incentives for manipulation of the market by market participants and the lack of effective instruments for law enforcement are found. The sector inquiries of both, the European Commission and the German Federal Cartel Office confirm this finding. The second section of the work builds upon the positive analysis and proposes regulatory instruments to change the incentive scheme in the market. The focus is placed on measures that increase the probability of detection and punishment instead of the dogma of consistently increasing fines. The central proposal extends the existing leniency program for cartels on manipulation cases and combines it with a reward system for whistleblowers. This approach proposes an increased probability of detection of market manipulations and thereby boosts the deterrent effect of antitrust law. Also, the effective coordination of public and private antitrust enforcement efforts is a necessary accompanying measure to remedy deficiencies of law enforcement.
Mustafa, M. Y. F. A. "Design and manufacturing of a (PEMFC) proton exchange membrane fuel cell." Thesis, Coventry University, 2009. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/272310c1-2614-c525-0f72-77c2c68cc626/1.
Full textSmith, Richard. "RuO2 Nanorods as an Electrocatalyst for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/527.
Full textAmini, Adib. "Sustainable Energy and Nutrient Recovery from Swine Waste." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4977.
Full textHowe, Daniel Trusler. "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Microscopy of Nafion®-117 Proton Exchange Polymer Membranes." Thesis, Montana State University, 2004. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2004/howe/HoweD1204.pdf.
Full textDeng, Daniel. "Three essays on electricity spot and financial derivative prices at the Nordic power exchange /." Göteborg : Department of Economics, School of Economics and Commercial Law [Nationalekonomiska institutionen, Handelshögskolan], Göteborg University, 2006. http://www.handels.gu.se/epc/archive/00004820/01/Deng%5Ffull.pdf.
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