Relevant bibliographies by topics / Energy Environment and Climate Change Programme

Academic literature on the topic 'Energy Environment and Climate Change Programme'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Energy Environment and Climate Change Programme"

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Nkomo, JC. "Testing the mitigation manual on trainers." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 16, no. 2 (May 1, 2005): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2005/v16i2a3112.

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The Energy Research Centre (ERC), together with the Munasinghe Institute for Development (MIND) in Sri Lanka and the Environment and Development Action (ENDA) in Senegal, are developing training manuals to train trainers under UNITAR’s Climate Change Capacity Development Programme (C3D). The rationale for this is clear. The UNFCCC seeks to strengthen non-Annex 1 countries’ effective participation in the Kyoto Protocol process, and to strengthen existing and/or establish new training and research institutions to ensure sustainability of capacity building programmes. These capacity building initiatives should be country driven, involve stakeholder participation, and address specific needs and conditions of the country. For this reason, the ERC is developing training modules on climate change mitigation. ENDA is developing modules on climate change on vulnerability and adaptation; and MIND on sustainable development.
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Lazányi, János. "Adaptations to potential impacts of climate change in the “New Hungary” Rural Development Programme." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 3, no. 5-6 (December 30, 2009): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2009/5-6/25.

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There are evidences that the climate is changing and the effects on agriculture and wildlife are discernible. Spring is occurring earlier and autumn later, all of which have impacts on agriculture and forestry. Climate change is also predicted to result in more frequent droughts, increased flooding in Hungary, but the relationship between agriculture and climate change is more complex. Climate change has physical effects on farming and farm based wildlife. Agriculture needs to adapt to climate change by exploring, which crops and farming systems are best adapted to the changed conditions. Land management also needs to adapt to preserve biodiversity by protecting valuable habitats and species and helping them in the changing environment. With better management, agriculture and forestry can also mitigate climate change by reducing direct greenhouse gas emissions from land use, land use change and forestry, by producing crops as a source of renewable energy and by protecting carbon stored in soils and in manure. The HRDP comprises of a series of funding based on the following overarching priorities: (i) enhance the environment and countryside, (ii) making agriculture and forestry more competitive and sustainable, (iii) enhancing opportunity in rural areas, whether in the farming sector or the broader rural economy. Actions discussed in this paper are based on the New Hungary Rural Development Programme (2007–2013) and focused on reducing the effects of climate change in rural area. Establishment of agro-forestry systems and integrated pest management help mitigation goals and increase climate change adaptation potential. Minimizing unwanted side effects of agriculture by reducing the use of fertilizer and increasing the safety for environment (soil, water, and air) and human health have positive effects on adaptation potential. Restoration of agricultural production though diversification of agriculture and pastures management, improvement in drain age and irrigation equipment are good examples of adaptation for climate change. Integrated production, which is oriented to controlled cultivation of crops, vine, fruits and vegetables, and improvement of animal rearing conditions to increase production standards and overall welfare are preferred and ecologically sound methods of adaptation.
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Mira-Galvañ, Maria-Jose, and Raquel Gilar-Cobi. "OKAPI, an Emotional Education and Classroom Climate Improvement Program Based on Cooperative Learning: Design, Implementation, and Evaluation." Sustainability 13, no. 22 (November 13, 2021): 12559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212559.

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A positive school climate can directly influence the relationships and social interactions among students while also contributing to the development of socio-emotional skills. Simultaneously, the school climate depends on these said skills. Despite this close relationship, emotional education and school climate improvement programmes have traditionally been studied separately. This study describes and evaluates the effectiveness of a new programme, OKAPI (Organisation, Cooperation, Positive Environment, Participation and Emotional Intelligence), for the development of socio-emotional skills and the improvement of classroom climate for primary school students using a cooperative learning methodology. The total sample comprised 86 students aged 9–11 years. A quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test measures with a control group was used. The results show that the program’s implementation is effective both for the improvement of the classroom climate and the acquisition of training in the field of emotional intelligence, as well as for the development of cooperative competences. Among the fundamental pillars of the OKAPI programme are its simplicity and transversality, so that teachers are responsible for its application and monitoring; thus, the programme becomes an agent of change in their educational practice.
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Angula, Margaret Ndapewa, Immaculate Mogotsi, Selma Lendelvo, Karl Mutani Aribeb, Aina-Maria Iteta, and Jessica P. R. Thorn. "Strengthening Gender Responsiveness of the Green Climate Fund Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Programme in Namibia." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 10, 2021): 10162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810162.

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Scholars of gender and climate change argue that gender-blind climate change actions could exacerbate existing inequalities and undermine sustained climate change adaptation actions. For this reason, since 2017, the Green Climate Fund placed gender among its key programming prerequisites, making it the first multilateral climate fund to do so worldwide. However, to date, no lessons to inform planned gender-responsive ecosystem-based interventions in Namibia have been drawn from community-based natural resource management. Thus, this paper aims to share key lessons regarding the way in which gender assessment is useful in enhancing equity in an ecosystem-based adaptation programme for the Green Climate Fund. To this end, we conducted in-depth interviews and group discussions in the 14 rural regions of Namibia with 151 participants from 107 community-based natural resource management organisations (73.5:26.5; male:female ratio). The results identified gender imbalances in leadership and decision-making due to intersecting historic inequalities, ethnicity and geography, as well as other socio-cultural factors in local community-based natural resource management institutions. We also identified income disparities and unequal opportunities to diversify livelihoods, gendered differentiated impacts of climate change and meaningful participation in public forums. Overall, the assessment indicates that considering gender analysis at the initiation of a community-based climate change adaptation project is crucial for achieving resilience to climate change, closing the gender gap, building capacity to increase equity and empowering women in resource-dependent environments in Namibia and Sub-Saharan Africa more broadly.
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Zillman, John W. "Australian Participation in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change." Energy & Environment 19, no. 1 (January 2008): 21–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/095830508783563145.

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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in 1988 to provide an authoritative assessment of the state of knowledge of climate change science and impacts and to develop realistic strategies for management of the climate change issue. Following the establishment of a separate United Nations Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee for a Framework Convention on Climate Change and the subsequent signing and entry into force of the Convention, the IPCC reverted to the role of providing policy-neutral but policy-relevant assessments of the contemporary state of knowledge, as contained in the published literature, of the science, impacts and response options for climate change. Australian Government representatives and Australian climate scientists played a major part in the establishment of the IPCC and its operation over the past twenty years including key roles in the preparation of virtually all of its reports. Australia chaired the committee which proposed the structure and membership of the initial IPCC Working Groups, served as Vice-Chair of the Impacts Working Group for the IPCC's First Assessment Report, engaged more national experts in the review of its first assessment of the science of climate change than any other country except the US, has provided almost one hundred Lead Authors and several hundred reviewers for its four major assessments and has served continuously on its coordinating Bureau since its inception. Australian delegations have participated in every formal intergovernmental session of the Panel and its Working Groups and have made a significant contribution to the scientific integrity of the IPCC assessment process.
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Sardaro, Ruggiero, Nicola Faccilongo, Francesco Contò, and Piermichele La Sala. "Adaption Actions to Cope with Climate Change: Evidence from Farmers’ Preferences on an Agrobiodiversity Conservation Programme in the Mediterranean Area." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 26, 2021): 5977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115977.

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The paper investigates the attitude of farmers to participate in an on-farm conservation programme based on the cultivation of vine landraces in Apulia, southern Italy, in place of the current commercial varieties, as an adaptation strategy to climate changes. The results, based on choice experiments and assessed through a latent class model, highlight a general interest of the regional farmers toward the biodiversity-based adaptation programme for coping with climate change. In particular, three classes of respondents were identified: (i) farmers operating on the whole regional territory and willing to cultivate up to 50% of their farm area with up to two landraces and compensation in line with the aid set by the regional rural programme; (ii) winegrowers of the intensive rural areas and willing to cultivate up to 25% of their farm with up to two landraces and a compensation greater than 200% compared to the aid of the regional rural programme; (iii) farmers operating in the intermediate rural areas and willing to cultivate up to 50% of their farm with up to three landraces and a compensation greater than 50% compared to the aid of the regional rural programme. Policymakers should calibrate adaption actions depending on rural areas, since economic, social, cultural, behavioural and cognitive barriers, as well as structural characteristics of farms, impact the farmers’ attitudes toward measures aimed at coping with climate change.
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Furmankiewicz, Marek, Richard J. Hewitt, Andrzej Kapusta, and Iga Solecka. "Climate Change Challenges and Community-Led Development Strategies: Do They Fit Together in Fisheries Regions?" Energies 14, no. 20 (October 13, 2021): 6614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206614.

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Coastal and terrestrial fisheries communities in Europe, often economically marginalised, are likely to face severe impacts as climate change becomes more acute. Although progress on climate mitigation and adaptation from national governments remains slow, local development actions can also address these impacts from the bottom up. In this paper we analyse the Fisheries and Sea Operational Programme 2014–2020 and 36 Local Development Strategies prepared within the framework of this programme for the case of Poland. The strategies, which were prepared by cross-sectoral, area-based partnerships known as Fisheries Local Action Groups, are analysed using a content analysis approach. The aim was to assess the degree to which local stakeholders sought to address the climate challenge. We found that the mitigation of climate impacts and the development of renewable energy did not feature prominently in the analysed documents, suggesting that both central policymakers and local stakeholders in Polish fisheries regions had a low level of awareness about the climate problem and their potentially important role in addressing it. Transformation to a post-carbon society undoubtedly requires additional, targeted support and extensive educational activities at the local level, in Poland and elsewhere.
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DOBRE, Claudia. "Global trends in aviation – new research directions." INCAS BULLETIN 13, no. 3 (September 4, 2021): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2021.13.3.19.

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For more than two decades, the aviation world is revolving around one idea: reducing the impact on the environment. Although each action taken now, each strategy, each programme make reference to the decisions taken within the United Nation Conference on Climate Change, in Paris, in 2015, aviation community has recognized the environment and the climate change as a major challenge for aeronautics and air transport since the publication of Vision 2020 (European Commission, [1]) in January 2001. This document set the agenda for the European aeronautics ambition to better serve society’s need and all the Strategic Research Agendas that followed – SRA1 (published in October 2002), SRA 2 (published in October 2004), 2008 Addendum to the SRA and the more recently Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda Vol. 1 and Vol. 2 they all are addressing the “Challenge of environment” in SRA 1 and SRA 2 or in SRIA 1 and 2 identifying one of the big five challenges to 2050 – “Protecting the environment and the energy supply”. The concern for protecting the environment is not new, the only.
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Neale, R. E., P. W. Barnes, T. M. Robson, P. J. Neale, C. E. Williamson, R. G. Zepp, S. R. Wilson, et al. "Environmental effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and interactions with climate change: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2020." Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 20, no. 1 (January 2021): 1–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43630-020-00001-x.

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AbstractThis assessment by the Environmental Effects Assessment Panel (EEAP) of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) provides the latest scientific update since our most recent comprehensive assessment (Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences, 2019, 18, 595–828). The interactive effects between the stratospheric ozone layer, solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and climate change are presented within the framework of the Montreal Protocol and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We address how these global environmental changes affect the atmosphere and air quality; human health; terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems; biogeochemical cycles; and materials used in outdoor construction, solar energy technologies, and fabrics. In many cases, there is a growing influence from changes in seasonality and extreme events due to climate change. Additionally, we assess the transmission and environmental effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, in the context of linkages with solar UV radiation and the Montreal Protocol.
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Zedalis, Rex J., and R. Dobie Langenkamp. "International Comparisons of Energy Use and the Environment: Does It Make Sense to Call on Wind Power?" European Energy and Environmental Law Review 15, Issue 6 (June 1, 2006): 162–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2006019.

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By its very nature, the Kyoto Climate Change accord attempts to control greenhouse gas emissions and affect attitudes with regard to both the amount of and methods by which energy is used. Herein, the authors examine the current factual situation concerning comparative energy intensity positions of the world’s major energy consuming regions and their corresponding contributions to carbon dioxide levels. In view of the environmental and economic reasons for improving energy use figures and controlling carbon dioxide emissions, one much talked about alternative energy source has been wind power. The direct greenhouse gas benefits of the electrical energy produced by wind power seem beyond dispute. Nonetheless, it is suggested that the distinct problems associated with looking in wind’s direction for providing assistance on the environmental front present issues that serious policymakers must candidly confront before embarking on any major deployment programme.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Energy Environment and Climate Change Programme"

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Hatamian, Abdol Hamid. "Fossil energy and the environment." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243723.

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Wlokas, Holle Linnea. "Implementing community renewables: institutional work in South Africa's renewable energy procurement programme." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26889.

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In 2014, for the first time in its history, South Africa fed the national electricity grid with electricity generated through utility-scale renewable energy projects. The Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme (REIPPPP) is the policy instrument driving this change. The process requires bidding private energy companies to commit resources in alleviation of local socio-economic needs. This thesis analyses the question how the institutions evolve in the implementation of community benefit requirements. The theoretical frameworks of institutional work and logics helps to analyse this new organizational field and interaction of various actors in government, industries and communities. An action research approach grounds this research empirically and aims to create the opportunity for actors to reflect on their actions and engagement in the community benefit implementation process. The research asks how are government, companies and communities shape institutions in the implementation of the community benefit requirements in South Africa's REIPPPP? The study first analyses the procurement requirements for community benefit and ownership, then, secondly, reviews the first 64 approved project bids for suggestions made in response to these requirements. A third research step involves fieldwork in 13 wind and solar projects across the country, the fieldwork consisting of interviews with project stakeholders about their experiences. The research negotiates access to an emerging and competitive, but also enquiring industry, one that has shared with the researcher important insights into its evolving community engagement and its development practices and considerations. The findings reveal that, in the implementation of South Africa's community renewables, government and companies dominate institutional work efforts in the stages of policy formulation and project development. But communities, the least informed and capacitated actor among the three, face the results and they have particular ways of responding, including corrective and disruptive ways. Reflective spaces are dominated by industry and strategically exclude communities from both asserting their experiences as well as from the opportunity to participate in creating collective understanding and agreeable processes that would foster the long-term relationship between company and community. This is a shortcoming that requires urgent attention to ensure positive institutional work and developmental impact.
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Ouedraogo, Bachir Ismael. "Climate change, renewable energy and population impact on future energy demand for Burkina Faso built environment." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/climate-change-renewable-energy-and-population-impact-on-future-energy-demand-for-burkina-faso-built-environment(4d2963e3-397a-4efb-8627-d54727ead323).html.

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This research addresses the dual challenge faced by Burkina Faso engineers to design sustainable low-energy cost public buildings and domestic dwellings while still providing the required thermal comfort under warmer temperature conditions caused by climate change. Past and potential climate induced future energy demand for air conditioning has been investigated. It was found based on climate change SRES scenario A2 that predicted mean temperature in Burkina Faso will increase by 2°C between 2010 and 2050. Therefore, in order to maintain a thermally comfortable 25°C inside public buildings, the projected annual energy consumption for cooling load will increase by 15%, 36% and 100% respectively for the period between 2020 to 2039, 2040 to 2059 and 2070 to 2089 when compared to the control case. It has also been found that a 1% increase in population growth will result in a 1.38% and 2.03% increase in carbon emission from primary energy consumption and future electricity consumption respectively. Furthermore, this research has investigated possible solutions for adaptation to the severe climate change and population growth impact on energy demand in Burkina Faso. It has been found that shading devices could potentially reduce the cooling load by up to 40%. Computer simulation programming of building energy consumption and a field study has shown that adobe houses have the potential of significantly reducing energy demand for cooling and offer a formidable method for climate change adaptation. Finally this research has shown, based on the Net Present Cost that hybrid photovoltaic (PV) and Diesel generator energy production configuration is the most cost effective local electricity supply system, for areas without electricity at present, with a payback time of 8 years when compared to the business as usual diesel generator stand-alone configuration. It is therefore a viable solution to increase electricity access to the majority of the population.
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Mummidisetti, Karthik. "Development of My Footprint Calculator." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4887.

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The Environmental footprint is a very powerful tool that helps an individual to understand how their everyday activities are impacting environmental surroundings. Data shows that global climate change, which is a growing concern for nations all over the world, is already affecting humankind, plants and animals through raising ocean levels, droughts & desertification and changing weather patterns. In addition to a wide range of policy measures implemented by national and state governments, it is necessary for individuals to understand the impact that their lifestyle may have on their personal environmental footprint, and thus over the global climate change. “My Footprint Calculator” (myfootprintcalculator.com) has been designed to be one the simplest, yet comprehensive, web tools to help individuals calculate and understand their personal environmental impact. “My Footprint Calculator” is a website that queries users about their everyday habits and activities and calculates their personal impact on the environment. This website was re-designed to help users determine their environmental impact in various aspects of their lives ranging from transportation and recycling habits to water and energy usage with the addition of new features that will allow users to share their experiences and their best practices with other users interested in reducing their personal Environmental footprint. The collected data is stored in the database and a future goal of this work plans to analyze the collected data from all users (anonymously) for developing relevant trends and statistics.
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Skaros, Sotiris. "Investigation on the Energy Consumption in the Built Environment of Gotland." Thesis, KTH, Hållbara byggnader, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286590.

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Global concern about climate change and its impacts on the environment isprogressively increasing. This has raised an important issue in the buildings andconstruction industry regarding the effects of climate change on the buildingenergy performance. Currently, many residential buildings do not fulfill theenergy requirements even with the current weather conditions, mainly becauseof poor design or because the buildings are designed according to olderregulations. Consequently, there is a need for significant changes in the buildingdesign and construction in order to create a more sustainable built environmentwith lower energy consumption. However, it is not possible to change all thesebuildings in order to meet the needs of today. It is therefore of utmostimportance that the energy production comes from renewable sources as ameans to mitigate the potential environmental impacts of climate change.In Sweden, the field of renewable energy has seen a significant growth inrecent years, and particularly in Gotland, where the project under investigationis located. In Gotland, several wind farms and wind turbines have already beeninstalled in order to benefit from the advantageous wind conditions of the island.However, the development of the project for improving the connection ofGotland’s electricity grid with the Swedish mainland power grid has come intoa halt since 2017, and Gotland is now facing major issues in terms of electricityconsumption. And as climate change only escalates in the future, it is crucial toaddress this issue. Through an extensive study of the residential sector ofGotland, this thesis examines the buildings’ energy performance with theintention of finding and proposing possible solutions and alternatives that caneventually flatten the peaks in the energy consumption of the built environmentin Gotland.
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Friberg, Josefine, and Tove Haugland. "Climate change adaptation in agriculture - securing food, livelihoods and the environment : From a farm-perspective." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43858.

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Conventional agriculture has impacts on the environment such as soil degradation, biodiversity loss and pollution of ecosystems, which could be enhanced further by climate change. The effects can be more or less extensive depending on whether adaptation is carried out. Agriculture in Sweden is controlled by EU- and national regulations that set the rules and possibilities for adaptation through financial and advisory support. This study aimed to examine what impacts climate change will impose on the agriculture in Sweden, as well as how the theoretical and practical side of the adaptation measures available through policy regulations, is perceived on farm level. The question of research was: ‘How sufficient are the agricultural policy regulations in enabling Swedish farmers to adapt to climate change?’, which was investigated by interviewing Swedish farmers. The results were analyzed through the theoretical framework adaptive capacity, as a criterion for successfully enabling climate change adaptation. The results showed that several barriers exist within the regulations which can obstruct adaptation due to bureaucratic complexity and a gap between theory and practice in regard to the effectiveness of measures. The results also showed that economic, human and social capital included in the adaptation capacity concept can be strengthened for better adaptation. The discussion presented several points of improvement for regulations to adopt a practical farm-perspective in order to enable farmers to adapt to climate change.
Konventionellt jordbruk har negativa effekter på miljön, såsom markförstöring, förlust av biologisk mångfald och förorening av omgivande ekosystem, vilket kan förvärras av klimatförändringar. Effekterna kan bli mer eller mindre omfattande beroende på om anpassning genomförs. Jordbruket i Sverige styrs av Europeiska- och nationella lagar som anger regler och möjligheter för anpassning genom ekonomiska och rådgivande stöd. Studien syftade till att undersöka vilka konsekvenser klimatförändringarna kan innebära för jordbruket i Sverige, samt hur den teoretiska och praktiska sidan av anpassningsåtgärder tillgängliga genom regelverket, uppfattas på gårdsnivå. Frågeställningen för undersökningen var således: ‘Hur tillräckliga är existerande regelverk i att möjliggöra svenska jordbrukares anpassning till klimatförändringar?’. Forskningsfrågan undersöktes genom en intervjustudie med svenska lantbrukare. Resultatet analyserades genom det teoretiska ramverket Anpassnings-kapacitet som är ett kriterium för att möjliggöra klimatanpassning. Resultatet visade att det existerar hinder inom regelverket som begränsar anpassning på grund av byråkratisk komplexitet samt en klyfta mellan teori och praktik gällande utvecklingen och effekten av åtgärder, vilket gav slutsatsen att regelverkets ansträngningar i att möjliggöra anpassning är överlag otillräckliga. Resultatet visade att ekonomiskt, human- och socialt kapital som ingår i konceptet Anpassnings-kapacitet kan stärkas för att bättre anpassning ska ske. Diskussionen presenterar flera förbättringar för att regelverket ska kunna anta ett gårds-perspektiv för att göra det möjligt för lantbrukare att anpassa sig till klimatförändringarna.
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Silva, Patrícia Alexandra Fortes da. "Clearing the cloudy crystal balls: Hybrid modelling for energy and climate change mitigation scenarios – A case study for Portugal." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/13128.

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Ambiente
Energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions scenarios, generated by energy-economy-environment (E3) models, have been used to explore alternative futures and support energy and climate mitigation policy decisions. The uncertainty carried in these scenarios comes from inherent uncertainty of future conditions, reflected in the models input assumptions, and from the models intrinsic features (e.g. technology bottom-up vs. economic top-down models). The present research aims to improve future scenarios generation for energy and climate policy analysis by advancing on E3 modelling, using the Portuguese energy system as the case study. Main objectives include: (i) the assessment on how uncertainty impacts climate-energy policy decisions, (ii) the integration of storylines with energy modelling, providing a coherent context to modelling assumptions; (iii) the development of an hybrid modelling platform, combining the strengths of bottom-up and top-down models. Socio-economic driver was identified as a major assumption contributing to overall uncertainty on GHG emissions scenarios. Therefore, the socioeconomic storylines, built by stakeholders from different knowledge fields, were translated directly into energy modelling assumptions, which proved to increase the robustness of scenario development and its comprehensiveness. Separate use of the bottom-up TIMES_PT and top-down GEM-E3_PT revealed different mitigation options, which have a significant impact on policy design (i.e., low-carbon technologies vs. end-use energy efficiency). In consequence, the hybrid-modelling platform (HYBTEP) was built through the soft-link between TIMES_PT and GEM-E3_PT, combining cost minimizing detailed energy technology choices with sector disaggregated macroeconomic responses, respectively. The research also provides an empirical understanding of how to enable a low carbon transition for Portugal. According to TIMES_PT, it is technological feasible to reduce, in the long term (2050), the country’s energy-related GHG emissions up to 80% below 1990 emissions, being renewable power generation technologies a key for decarbonisation. However, HYBTEP outcomes suggest that, with a carbon tax in line to what is projected at EU-wide level, the country do not accomplish such mitigation target, reducing just 47% its GHG emissions, associated with loss of gross domestic product (GDP) of around 2% (according to revenue-recycling scheme assumed). On the opposite, a subsidy to renewable energy revealed long-term positive impacts at both environmental and economic level (i.e., emissions reduction by 31% and GDP gains above 2.8%). These results highlights the relevance of addressing the impacts to economy while considering the most cost-effective technologies over the development of low carbon scenarios, which is accomplish by HYBTEP modelling platform.
Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology - scholarship SFRH/BD/27549/2006 and the research project HybCO2 (PTDC/AAC-CLI/105164/2008)
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Torney, Diarmuid. "A leader without followers? : European Union relations with China and India on climate change, 1990-2009." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:38fb3450-73dd-46f3-a23c-e51ff0e76cf1.

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The EU has, for a long time, portrayed itself as an international leader on climate change. Previous studies have tended to focus on the characteristics of EU leadership, but have failed to examine the extent to which EU leadership generates “followership”. Going beyond these existing approaches, this dissertation analyzes not just EU attempts at leadership but also the response of two potential followers: China and India. Based on extensive fieldwork, the dissertation explains the pattern of EU engagement and the response to engagement in each case, and makes three key arguments. First, EU engagement was driven by a desire to build the international role of the EU, but also from 2000 onwards in particular by growing normative concern and material interest within the EU regarding combating climate change. The development of engagement was also conditioned by the broader development of EU relations with China and India. Second, EU engagement took the form of institutionalized dialogue and capacity-building projects. These were generally more extensive in the EU-China case; the EU-India relationship was significantly more limited. Both cases were characterized by a lack of EU capacity—particularly the EU-India case—and to some extent by inconsistency and incoherence. Third, the Chinese Government responded through limited normative emulation and limited but growing lesson-drawing through bilateral cooperation in specific sectors. While the Indian Government also responded through limited normative emulation, the principal Indian response was resistance. Moreover, both the Chinese and Indian Governments resisted the EU approach to the international climate change negotiations. This pattern of engagement and significant resistance stemmed partly from the EU’s failure to develop sufficient capacity for effective engagement, but also partly due to significant differences in the way each side has framed the issue of climate change. Based on these findings, the dissertation concludes that while the EU was not entirely a leader without followers, it has acted as a highly restricted leader in its relations with China and India on climate change.
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Rosalen, Eduarda. "A legal framework for ensuring hydropower security in Brazil in the context of climate change." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/102895/1/Eduarda_Rosalen_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis analyses the elements and problems underpinning Brazil’s hydroelectric system and climate change legislation, at both national and international levels. As hydropower dams' operation is threatened by climate change, an adaptive legal framework to create energy security in Brazil in the context of climate change is needed. The study particularly investigates human rights issues and makes a comparative analysis with the American legislation. The study also provides a global model for other countries that rely on hydropower dams and face similar climate change issues.
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Cupello, de Vasconcellos Lucas. "Conditioned atria in the built environment - A possible solution for unsustainable urbanization and climate change in Nordic climates?" Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekoteknik- och hållbart byggande, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-42103.

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The aim of the research is to explore the differences in final energy consumption and environmental impact of the construction materials related to the atrium alternative and a business-as-usual and evaluate how to improve thermal properties of old buildings that require renovations to fit thermal efficiency standards and comfort in operational conditions while reducing the overall impact of the projects. Results show that for the low-rise atrium most of the parameters related to the final energy demands and environmental impacts of the atrium construction materials are proportional and linear to the increase of the glazing area size. When compared to simply renovating old structures, the atrium alternative can promote a decrease in thermal losses by transmission and increase in incident solar radiation through the glazed area depending on the atrium dimensions and glazing area size. And although cooling, heating, electrical and ventilation demands are raised for the overall demand of the building the construction of an atrium bears less environmental impact than renovating old structures damaged by weather.

2021-04-08

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Books on the topic "Energy Environment and Climate Change Programme"

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Environment, United States Congress House Committee on Science and Technology (2007) Subcommittee on Energy and. Reorienting the U.S. Global Change Research Program toward a user-driven research endeavor: H.R. 906 : hearing before the Subcommittee on Energy and Environment, Committee on Science and Technology, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, May 3, 2007. Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2008.

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Reorienting the U.S. Global Change Research Program toward a user-driven research endeavor: H.R. 906 : hearing before the Subcommittee on Energy and Environment, Committee on Science and Technology, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, May 3, 2007. Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2008.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Energy and Environment. Reorienting the U.S. Global Change Research Program toward a user-driven research endeavor: H.R. 906 : hearing before the Subcommittee on Energy and Environment, Committee on Science and Technology, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, May 3, 2007. Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2008.

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Lefebvre, Gilles, Elena Jiménez, and Beatriz Cabañas, eds. Environment, Energy and Climate Change II. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17100-5.

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Jiménez, Elena, Beatriz Cabañas, and Gilles Lefebvre, eds. Environment, Energy and Climate Change I. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12907-5.

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Energy, the environment and climate change. London: Imperial College Press, 2010.

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Fiscal year 2000 climate change budget authorization request: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Energy and Environment of the Committee on Science, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixth Congress, first session, April 14, 1999. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1999.

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Leal Filho, Walter, and Dinesh Surroop, eds. The Nexus: Energy, Environment and Climate Change. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63612-2.

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Fiscal year 2001 climate change budget authorization request: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Energy and Environment of the Committee on Science, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixth Congress, second session, March 9, 2000. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2001.

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Manzur-ul-Haque, Hashmi, and United Nations Environment Programme, eds. The state of the environment. London: Butterworths, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Energy Environment and Climate Change Programme"

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Human, Soeranto, Sihono, and Wijaya Murti Indriatama. "Mutation breeding of sorghum to support climate-smart agriculture." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 120–26. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0012.

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Abstract Global climate change effects in agricultural fields often increase plant stress. For mitigating the negative effects of climate change, climate-smart agricultural policies should be developed, for example through the improvement of crop adaptability, productivity and quality in environments impacted by climate change. Attempts to increase crop genetic variability must be sought to aid in mitigating adverse consequences of climate change. For that purpose, mutation breeding plays an important role since it can increase genetic variation of important crops. By selecting desired mutant genotypes, the plant breeder can advance their germplasm by progressing lines with good adaptability, high productivity and quality under adverse conditions. For Indonesia, significant adverse impacts of climate change have appeared in some agricultural regions, such as prolonged drought problems in the east. To face the worsening conditions brought about by climate change and variability, a crop was sought that would require less agricultural input, being drought tolerant, having good adaptability and with high economic value. The choice fell on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). In certain areas sorghum is recognized as a source of food, feed and fuel. Mutation breeding of sorghum has been conducted at the Centre for Isotopes and Radiation Application (CIRA) of the National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN). Sorghum mutation breeding is relevant to the national programme on food and energy diversification to support food and energy security in the country. The breeding objectives are to improve sorghum genotypes for improved yield and quality, and with tolerance to adverse conditions brought about by climate change, especially prolonged drought. Three sorghum mutant varieties have now been obtained and are being developed further by stakeholders. Sorghum cultivation in Indonesia has made significant impacts on mitigating the effects of climate change and supporting the food and energy diversification programme for maintaining food and energy security in the country. It has also promoted economic growth in rural areas impacted by climate change.
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Dubey, Kankana. "Energy Policy and Climate Change." In Dynamics of Energy, Environment and Economy, 209–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43578-3_10.

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Kuzemko, Caroline, Michael F. Keating, and Andreas Goldthau. "Energy, Climate Change and the Environment." In The Global Energy Challenge, 101–23. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-41008-5_6.

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Pandharinath, Navale. "Energy." In Introduction to Environment, Biodiversity and Climate Change, 347–68. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003230861-15.

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Pandharinath, Navale. "International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme IGBP-1989." In Introduction to Environment, Biodiversity and Climate Change, 307–11. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003230861-13.

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Sovacool, Benjamin K. "Energy Policy and Climate Change." In The Handbook of Global Climate and Environment Policy, 446–67. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118326213.ch26.

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Tynkkynen, Veli-Pekka. "The environment of an energy giant." In Climate Change Discourse in Russia, 50–63. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge focus on environment and sustainability: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351028660-4.

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Dinan, Desmond. "The Environment, Energy, and Climate Change." In Ever Closer Union, 451–82. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-09963-1_16.

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Sadler, Thomas R. "Energy, the environment, and climate change." In Pandemic Economics, 168–88. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003133629-12.

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Maddison, David. "A cost benefit analysis of slowing climate change." In Energy and Environment Regulation, 55–77. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25057-8_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Energy Environment and Climate Change Programme"

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George, Jeff, and David Massingham. "Moving Towards a Sustainable UK in an Environment of Austerity: Can We Wait Until the Midnight Hour?" In 19th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec19-5410.

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The UK coalition government, elected in May 2010, has set out its stall to be, in the words of Prime Minister, David Cameron, “the greenest government ever”. To that end it has embarked on an ambitious programme of policy initiatives to address climate change and the wider sustainability agenda. These include: • Initiating a fundamental review of waste policy with a view to adopting a zero waste to landfill and increasing Energy from Waste (EfW) as a solution for residual wastes; • Leading calls within the European Union for an increase in pan-Europe greenhouse gas reduction and renewable energy targets for 2020, that, if adopted would have a profound and immediate impact on domestic targets; and • An electricity market reform package that will see the introduction of a floor price for carbon (in effect, a carbon tax) and new financial support mechanisms for the development of renewable energy.
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"Energy, Environment and Climate Change." In 2022 International Conference and Utility Exhibition on Energy, Environment and Climate Change (ICUE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icue55325.2022.10113463.

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Underwood, Nicholas, Paul Nevitt, Andrew Howarth, and Nicholas Barron. "Overview of UK Policy and Research Landscape Relevant to Deploying Advanced Nuclear Technologies in the UK." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21790.

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Abstract The UK government is committed to tackling climate change through clean growth — cutting emissions while seizing the benefits of the low carbon economy [1,2]. In June 2019 UK government set a legally binding target to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions from across the UK economy by 2050. Nuclear energy is seen as a vital contributor to decarbonising the UK economy as outlined in the Industrial Strategy [2] and subsequent Nuclear Sector Deal [3], and £180 million of funding has been provided by Government for a Nuclear Innovation Programme (NIP) over the period 2016–21, administered through the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS). Initial phases of the NIP have researched advanced nuclear fuel cycles, digital reactor design methods and advanced materials and manufacturing techniques. Throughout this programme the UK has developed a better understanding of a range of Advanced Nuclear Technologies (ANT), including Advanced Modular Reactors (AMRs) and the opportunities that they provide in decarbonising a future energy system. In parallel, UK government has established a policy framework designed to encourage the development of Advanced Nuclear Technologies [4] and awarded an initial phase of development for a Small Modular Reactor (SMR) [5]. These programmes of work are enabling the development of technologies towards commercialisation, whilst enabling regulations are advanced. For this paper, AMRs are defined as a broad group of advanced nuclear reactors which differ from conventional reactors that use pressurised or boiling water for primary cooling. AMRs use novel cooling systems or fuels and in order to achieve operational efficiencies and enhanced safety performance, they are typically planned to operate in harsh conditions, including high temperatures, radiation field and corrosive environments. As a result of this there are still many questions which need addressing in relation to how materials and fuels will perform in these more extreme conditions. Within the NIP, an Advanced Manufacturing and Construction initiative is supporting answering these questions. This paper provides an overview of the policy and research landscape that aims to bring AMR and SMR technologies to deployment in the UK, and how the Advanced Manufacturing and Construction initiatives are helping to underpin the R&D needs for AMR deployment in the UK. One example is a programme of work titled “Establishing AMR Structural Integrity Codes and Standards for UK GDA” (EASICS). The aim of this project is to establish guidance on the structural integrity codes and standards that are required to support the Generic Design Assessment (GDA), which is a UK licensing process, of an AMR design through technology innovation and transfer (primarily for high temperature reactors). An overview of project EASICS will be described in further detail in another paper presented at PVP2020, PVP2020-21721.
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Belu, Radian, Richard Chiou, Tzu-Liang (Bill) Tseng, and Lucian Cioca. "Advancing Sustainable Engineering Practice Through Education and Undergraduate Research Projects." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38501.

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Major challenges such as energy, food, water, environment, health and so many more have never been more prominent than they are today. Engineers and educators, as problem solvers should be addressing these issues and challenges in sustainable ways. They have an enormous opportunity to help create a more sustainable world. Technology problems interconnecting sustainability challenges such as climate change, loss of biodiversity, environmental pollution, economic and social instability are becoming increasingly major concerns for mankind. However, the engineers and scientists have failed on large extend to fully address the sustainability issues. It was also found that engineering graduates do not possess necessary skills to tackle sustainability related problems. Engineering practice and education are changing as social expectations and conditions for engineering practice change too. Students have the responsibility and opportunity to continue improving our life while reducing or even reversing the negative impacts that our industrial society is having on the environment. Current engineering curricula are not equipping them to properly deal with these challenges due to little integration of sustainable and green design strategies and practice. Transforming higher education curricula for sustainable development is a tough challenge, dealing with the complexness of sustainability concepts and integration into engineering education. Teaching students the sustainability principles and equipping them with necessary tools help them to make better choices on materials and energy use, or design. These concepts and methods are still relatively new to engineering curriculum and are not an established practice for most of such programs. Meanwhile, today’s students have a strong desire to improve the world through their work, and sustainability connects with these interest and motivations. However, students’ hunger for knowledge often outstrips what is available in their courses and the experiences of their professors. Furthermore, to make sustainable design compelling to a wider base of engineering students, we need to craft sustainable design in terms of mainstream design problems that are important, cutting-edge, and achievable. Then we need to help them how to effectively deal with environmental and societal needs and constraints as part of their core design process. The paper highlights the process required for embedding sustainability and green design into our programs, curriculum design, implementation and impediments to surmount for sustainability and green design in engineering education. This was done through a project-based approach, developing three new courses and appropriate changes in a number of existing courses. The skill requirements were studied and finally the list of subjects, topics, teaching and learning methods are identified and discussed in this paper.
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Lu, Wen Feng, Hong Wee Lim, and Kim Hoo Goh. "Engineering Design and Education: A Case Study on Designing a Competition Fuel Efficient Vehicle Through Experiential Learning." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48817.

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Engineering design involves a series of steps that lead to the creation of a product, a system, or a service to meet desired needs. The design and creation of innovative solutions to challenging engineering design problems require young engineers to be immersed in an education environment which challenges and nurtures the thought process and provides the necessary hands-on experience in design. There is increasing convergence in opinions that problem-based and experiential learning should be more integrated with the science-based engineering programs. Experiential learning is the key to engaging students to learn effectively. This paper describes an experiential learning experience for a group of undergraduate students in National University of Singapore (NUS) to design a competition fuel efficient vehicle. The students started with engineering design process and went through a series of steps to design, manufacture, assemble, test and compete in a specifically built prototype urban concept car for the competition with the experiential learning experience. Components of the competition vehicle, from chassis to diminutive parts, such as wheel uprights and motor mounts, have been carefully designed, properly analyzed and fabricated in a teamwork environment. The result is a futuristic fuel efficient urban concept car that won many awards in the competition. The team also took the initiative to promote eco-friendliness and raise awareness with the design of fuel efficient car to battle environmental issues like climate change, pollution, and energy crisis.
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Duffey, R. B., D. F. Torgerson, A. I. Miller, and J. Hopwood. "Canadian Solutions to Global Energy and Environment Challenges: Green Atoms." In 2006 IEEE EIC Climate Change Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eicccc.2006.277186.

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Ioan, Alexandra Georgiana, Iulian Iancu, Alexandru Dimache, and Anton Anton. "Urbanisation and Climate Change Impact on Urban Water." In 2021 10th International Conference on ENERGY and ENVIRONMENT (CIEM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ciem52821.2021.9614740.

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Wang, Gaoxuan, Suzanne Crumeyrolle, Benjamin Hanoune, Cécile Coeur, Hongming Yi, Eric Fertein, Markus W. Sigrist, and Weidong Chen. "Monitoring of climate-change related aerosol by laser absorption spectroscopy." In Optics and Photonics for Energy and the Environment. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ee.2018.et3a.3.

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Laws, Steven, David Wells, and Andrew Herrick. "UK Contributions to the Decommissioning of the BN-350 Reactor in Kazakhstan: 2002–2011." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59099.

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Since 2002, the UK’s Global Threat Reduction Programme managed by the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) has provided assistance to the Republic of Kazakhstan with the decommissioning of the BN-350 sodium cooled fast reactor. Assistance has focused on non-proliferation, safety and security projects to ensure the permanent and irreversible shutdown of the reactor and the reduction of security, safety and environmental hazards, particularly those associated with the large inventory of liquid metal coolants (sodium and sodium-potassium alloy) and the presence of spent nuclear fuel (SNF). UK assistance efforts have been co-ordinated with those of the USA and have made use of the UK’s experience in decommissioning its own fast reactor plants at Dounreay. The paper describes work undertaken with UK technical and funding assistance support in the following areas: • Provision of training and technical support in project management and technical topics, including assistance with completion of the BN-350 Decommissioning Plan. • Liquid metal coolant treatment projects, including immobilization of liquid products from the Sodium Processing Facility (SPF) and processing of residual sodium remaining within the drained coolant circuits. • Immobilization of highly active caesium traps, arising from sodium clean-up both during reactor operations and post-shutdown. • Operations to transfer the entire inventory of spent nuclear fuel from the reactor storage pond into dual-use storage and transport casks and then consign these casks to long-term secure storage remote from the reactor site. This activity was part of the major US-Kazakhstan SNF Storage Project. • Surveys of spent fuel route facilities to establish the absence of any significant amount of nuclear material. Key achievements in 2010 were the successful completion of residual sodium processing and completion of the SNF Storage Project. Through 2011, it is intended that the surveys of the fuel storage pond and immobilization of caesium traps will be completed, bringing the current UK assistance activities to an end before March 2012.
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Ya-lin, Chen, Gao Ji-xi, Han Yong-wei, and Chen Yan-mei. "Response of Climate Change to Final Energy-CO2 Emission in Beijing." In 2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceet.2009.491.

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Reports on the topic "Energy Environment and Climate Change Programme"

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Levine, Ellen. NCSE's 15th National Conference and Global Forum on Science, Policy, and the Environment: Energy and Climate Change, Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1260946.

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Shirai, Sayuri. An Overview on Climate Change, Environment, and Innovative Finance in Emerging and Developing Economies. Asian Development Bank Institute, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/drtf8552.

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The global economy has been facing a series of adverse shocks in recent years including the COVID-19 pandemic, climate crisis, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, high inflation, and interest rate shocks driven by global monetary policy normalization. The high cost of fossil fuels since 2021, moreover, has reminded the world that investment for clean energy projects has been severely inadequate due to limited implementation of climate policies and limited capital inflows to financing decarbonization efforts. While overdependence on fossil fuels might be inevitable currently, the world needs to accelerate transition to carbon neutrality and also begin to cope with nature capital stock and biodiversity losses, which are happening at an alarming pace. In particular, more financial support should be provided to emerging and developing economies (EMDEs) to help achieve climate and environmental goals and other sustainable development goals (SDGs). We give an overview of some innovative finance schemes applicable to EMDEs, including blended finance to mobilize more private capital to climate and environmental projects and debt-for-climate swaps (or debt-for-nature swaps), to provide de facto grants to small high-debt economies in exchange for climate projects (or nature protection). We also provide some suggestions for further actions through better coordination among donor and recipient nations led by G7 and G20 nations.
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Morse, P. D., R. J. H. Parker, W. E. Sladen, S L Smith, and H. B. O'Neill. Remote permafrost terrain mapping, Grays Bay-Yellowknife corridor, Northwest Territories and Nunavut. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330206.

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The new Grays Bay - Yellowknife corridor will provide transportation, energy, and telecommunications to northcentral Canada, and connect existing highway infrastructure to a deep-sea port on the Arctic Ocean. This infrastructure will improve access for exploration and development, and reduce operating costs in this mineral-rich region of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, one of the biggest impediments to development in this region. Relatively little information on permafrost and ground ice conditions is available for most of the corridor. To fill this information gap, the Geological Survey of Canada's GEM-GeoNorth program is compiling permafrost and surficial geology information, mapping periglacial terrain features, and modelling ground ice conditions along the corridor. This poster presents the periglacial feature mapping component. Periglacial features are landforms associated with cold environments and typically contain permafrost. Permafrost, and its related ground ice, affect terrain sensitivity to climate change and surface disturbance. With development of this periglacial terrain and accelerated climate warming in the north, communities, planners, and regulators require this information to make informed decisions on how and where to build and manage environmentally sustainable and climate change-resilient infrastructure, and determine best adaptation strategies.
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Dinges, Michael, Christiane Kerlen, Peter Kaufmann, Anna Wang, Kathleen Toepel, Jakob Kofler, Stefan Meyer, and Harald Wieser. Theories of change for transformation-oriented R&I polices: the case of the 7th Energy Research Programme in Germany. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2022.542.

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This article investigates how Theories of Change for transformation-oriented R&I programmes can be designed to better grasp system transformation processes and thereby set the basis for a deeper understanding of transformative impact mechanisms and programme learning. The analysis is based within the realm of the energy system, which is an area of specific concern for socio-technical transformation. It focuses on the “7th Energy Research Programme” (EFP) of the German Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Action, which is the key R&I policy instrument contributing to the transformation of the energy system in Germany. The article shows how a programme theory approach can be combined with multi-level perspective innovation system thinking and the concept of transformative outcomes to increase the evaluability of complex, transformation-oriented R&I programmes.
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Mäkelä, Antti, Tapio Tourula, Heikki Tuomenvirta, Pauli Jokinen, Terhi Laurila, Ari-Juhani Punkka, Minna Huuskonen, Tuomo Brgman, and Hannu Valta. Climate change impacts to the security of supply. Finnish Meteorological Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361645.

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Serious disruptions and exceptional circumstances for society, that the society tries to prepare for and act in them are at the center of security of supply. Current examples are the COVID pandemic and the ongoing energy crisis for which Finland's security of supply has also been strongly highlighted. Disturbances can also be caused by weather phenomena: in Finland, such examples are windstorms, severe thunderstorms, floods, and droughts, which can, at least in principle, paralyze the society. It is possible to prepare for the impacts of weather phenomena, but the ongoing rapid climate change makes it more complicated. Some of the weather phenomena that cause impacts are fast and violent (e.g. intense thunderstorms) and some occur more slowly (e.g. long heat waves), and climate change affects the phenomena in different ways. In this work, the estimated impacts of climate change on Finland's security of supply were investigated. The starting point was to gain an understanding of which weather phenomena and weather situations are central to security of supply and which sectors of security of supply are the most vulnerable. The work constituted of workshops and expert interviews organized with the National Emergency Supply Agency. In addition to the interviews, the work covered past significant weather situations in Finland that are known to have had significant societal impacts. Information was also extracted from recent literature, especially regarding the vulnerabilities and adaptability of different sectors in Finland. Estimates of the climate change impacts on the identified phenomena were combined with the collected information, resulting in a first understanding of how climate change affects Finland's security of supply. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the impacts of climate change on security of supply are quite complex, especially due to the wide spectrum of weather phenomena and their different impact mechanisms. In addition, the matter becomes more complicated by the fact that there is no clear distinction of what weather phenomenon actually is critical to security of supply and what is not. For example, could the increasing adverse impacts on health care due to the increasingly common heat conditions reach a serious societal disturbance situation at some point, if it is not sufficiently prepared in advance? Another key result is that in terms of security of supply, the direct effects of climate change are very small in Finland compared to many other countries. Although the climate in Finland has already changed considerably and will continue to change in the future, the biggest impacts to security of supply seem to be reflected from elsewhere: the experts of the National Emergency Supply Agency consider the worst situation to be a lack of food, water and habitable living environment in the world, which would also be reflected to Finland. Among the sectors, food/water and energy supply and logistics are perceived as the most vulnerable. The work mainly focused on the direct effects of climate change, i.e. the effects of climate change on the occurrence of various weather phenomena. However, the work also considers to some extent indirect effects, i.e. those reflected from other parts of the world, and transitional effects that result from climate change mitigation measures, especially from the rapid energy transition.
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Busolo, Joy, Innocent Nzeyimana, Oliver Jones, Annette Huber-Lee, Eric Kemp-Benedict, and Brian Joyce. A water-resilient economy: hydro-macroeconomic and climate change analysis in Rwanda. Stockholm Environment Institute, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2023.021.

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Rwanda’s economy is inextricably linked to its water supply, with agriculture employing nearly 70% of its population and making up half of the country’s export revenue. It aspire to become an upper-middle-income country by 2035, and a high-income country by 2050. But rising temperatures and more prolonged dry spells threaten crop production and strain water supply. Rwanda’s Vision 2050 policy details the country’s long-term goals and provides the planning blueprint to guide Rwanda’s development. But such growth, coupled with climate change, will profoundly affect its water supply and demands. Gaining a clearer understanding of the changing water supply and demand, as well as the nexus between water, energy, and food production, is critical to Rwanda’s success. The Water Resources Group (2030 WRG) is a public-private-civil society partnership hosted by the World Bank to help governments balance water security with longterm development and economic growth. The recently established Rwanda Water Resources Board (RWB), the Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources, and Ministry of Environment tasked the 2030 WRG in 2020 with performing a Hydro-Economic and Climate Change Analysis (HECCA), with the following directives: 1. Conduct a strategic assessment of the water sector that demonstrates how water and the economy are inter-linked; 2. Recommend concrete actions toward sustainable water resources management; and 3. Support a dialogue to identify and align joint initiatives among sectors, both public and private, towards sustainable water resources management, and enable long-term economic growth through 2050.
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Steinbuks, Jevgenijs, and Thomas Hertel. The Optimal Allocation of Global Land Use in the Food-Energy-Environment Trilemma. GTAP Working Paper, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp64.

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This study analyzes the optimal allocation of the world's land resources over the course of the next century in the dynamic forward-looking framework, which brings together distinct strands of economic, agronomic, and biophysical literature and incorporates key drivers affecting global landuse. We show that, while some deforestation is optimal in the near term, the desirability of further deforestation is elimated by mid-century under the baseline scenario. While the adverse productivity shocks from climate change have a modest effect on global land use, when combined with high growth in energy prices they lead to significant deforestation and higher GHG emissions than in the baseline. Imposition of GHG emissions constraint further heightens the competition for land, as fertilizer use declines and land-based mitigation strategies expand. However, the effectiveness of such a pre-announced constraint is completely diluted by intertemporal substitution of deforestation which accelerates prior to imposition of the target.
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Heckl, Eva, and Joachim Kaufmann. Evaluierung des Programms Forschungspartnerschaften – industrienahe Dissertationen. KMU Forschung Austria, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2020.496.

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This evaluation was conducted on behalf of the Federal Ministry for Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology (BMK) and examines the programme Research Partnerships – Industrial PhD with regard to its concept, implementation, achievement of objectives and impacts. Based on the results of this analysis, the evaluators draw conclusions for the further development of the programme. The evaluation covers the period from 2014 to mid-2020. The methodological basis of the evaluation is a document analysis, a secondary data analysis of the FFG project monitoring data, expert interviews, an online survey of funding recipients and a workshop.
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Dorr, Andrea, Eva Heckl, and Joachim Kaufmann. Evaluierung des Förderschwerpunkts Talente. KMU Forschung Austria, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2020.495.

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With the funding programme Talents, the Federal Ministry for Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology (BMK) supports people in applied research throughout their entire career. The overarching goal is to increase the utilisation of human potential in the application-oriented, scientific and technical RTI sector. The programme objectives are 1) to inspire young people for research and development, 2) to connect researchers with the economic sector, 3)to guarantee equal opportunities for all. Within the framework of three fields of intervention, there are various programme lines: 1) Intervention field Young Talents with the programme lines Internships for Students and Talents Regional, 2) Intervention field Female Talents with the programme lines FEMtech Internships for Female Students, FEMtech Career and FEMtech Career Check for SMEs (2015 and 2016), as well as FEMtech Research Projects; and 3) Intervention field Professional Talents with the programme lines The Austrian Job Exchange for Research, Development and Innovation as well as Career Grants for Interviews, Relocation and Dual Careers in Applied Research. After an interim evaluation in 2014, a final evaluation took place at the end of the programme period (end of 2020). The programme was analysed with regard to its conception, implementation, achievement of objectives and impact. Furthermore, conclusions and recommendations for the further development of the Talents programme have been drawn. The methodological basis of the evaluation is a document analysis, secondary data analysis (FFG monitoring data), interviews with experts, online surveys of funding recipients (FEMtech Career / FEMtech Career Check for SMEs and Career Grants), case studies (FEMtech Career projects) and workshops.
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Zygmunt, Marcin, and Dariusz Gawin. Residents' thermal comfort and energy performance of a single-family house in Poland: a parametric study. Department of the Built Environment, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau541595604.

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Building energy and environmental efficiency is presently one of the most important research subjects due to global climate change and the actual geopolitical situation. Residential buildings should provide a comfortable environment for the occupants while they spend up to 90% of their life indoors. Moreover, a comfortable indoor environment should be provided efficiently and affordably. Thus, the examination of the correlated factors of buildings' energy efficiency and occupants' comfort is highly anticipated. This field can be analyzed using various methods, where computational simulations are the most comprehensive technique. Unfortunately, buildings' simulated energy demands usually differ from the actual use. There are numerous uncertainties impacting buildings' energy demand, likewise, those parameters are usually strongly correlated. Therefore, parametric analyses are a valuable approach allowing us better understanding of various phenomena occurring in buildings. This article shows some preliminary results of the case study analysis for a residential building in Poland examining the impact of residents' thermal comfort on the buildings' energy performance. This study will be continued and expanded to fully understand the occupants' behavior impact on building energy performance. Studies like this are helpful for future building design, following the paradigm of sustainable development.
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