Journal articles: 'Energy distortion'

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Chluba, Jens, Andrea Ravenni, and Sandeep Kumar Acharya. "Thermalization of large energy release in the early Universe." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 498, no. 1 (July 23, 2020): 959–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2131.

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ABSTRACT Spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) provide a unique tool for learning about the early phases of cosmic history, reaching deep into the primordial Universe. At redshifts z ≲ 106, thermalization processes become inefficient and existing limits from COBE/FIRAS imply that no more than Δρ/ρ ≲ 6 × 10−5 ($95{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ c.l.) of energy could have been injected into the CMB. However, at higher redshifts, when thermalization is efficient, the constraint weakens and Δρ/ρ ≃ 0.01−0.1 could in principle have occurred. Existing computations for the evolution of distortions commonly assume Δρ/ρ ≪ 1 and thus become inaccurate in this case. Similarly, relativistic temperature corrections become relevant for large energy release, but have previously not been modelled as carefully. Here, we study the evolution of distortions and the thermalization process after single large energy release at z ≳ 105. We show that for large distortions the thermalization efficiency is significantly reduced and that the distortion visibility is sizeable to much earlier times. This tightens spectral distortions constraints on low-mass primordial black holes with masses $M_{\rm PBH}\lesssim 2 \times 10^{11}\, {\rm g}$. Similarly, distortion limits on the amplitude of the small-scale curvature power spectrum at wavenumbers $k\gtrsim 10^4\, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ and short-lived decaying particles with lifetimes $t_X\lesssim 10^7\, {\rm s}$ are tightened, however, these still require a more detailed time-dependent treatment. We also briefly discuss the constraints from measurements of the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom and light element abundances and how these complement spectral distortion limits.

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Wang, Q. C., Xiao Dong Hu, W. Li, and Ju Long Yuan. "Numerical Simulation of Machining Distortion of Residually Stressed Aircraft Aluminum Components." Key Engineering Materials 315-316 (July 2006): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.315-316.235.

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The presence of residual stress in aircraft aluminum components can give rise to distortion after machining. Excessive distortion may result in the rejection of a part or the need for costly and time-consuming rework prior to placement in service. The purpose of this research was to develop a methodology for the prediction of machining-induced distortions of residually stressed aircraft aluminum components. Numerical simulation results show that the magnitude of machining distortion is strongly related to the square root of Stain Energy Density W or Stress Range σ . The experimental results demonstrate good agreement with the predicted machining distortions of 7075T73 bulkheads. It included that the original residual stress in the blocks of aircraft aluminum component is one of key factors to cause machining distortion.

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Cousins, W. T., K. K. Dalton, T. T. Andersen, and G. A. Bobula. "Pressure and Temperature Distortion Testing of a Two-Stage Centrifugal Compressor." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 116, no. 3 (July 1, 1994): 567–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906857.

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Altitude pressure and temperature inlet distortion testing of the two-stage centrifugal compressor in the T800-LHT-800 engine is described. The test setup and the testing techniques are reviewed and the results of the test are presented. The generation of classical 180 deg patterns of both pressure and temperature distortion is discussed. Temperature distortion was created using a hydrogen burner system while pressure distortion was created in the classical manner, using screens. Results of both individual and combined temperature and pressure distortions in both opposed and concurrent patterns are shown.

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Peng, Chong, Jingjing Zhang, and Zhenyu Xu. "Does Price Distortion Affect Energy Efficiency? Evidence from Dynamic Spatial Analytics of China." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 16, 2022): 9576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249576.

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Despite market-oriented reforms, China’s energy sector is subject to energy price distortions, which are believed to be a crucial determinants of energy efficiency in China. This paper investigates the impact of energy price distortions on energy efficiency in China from the perspective of spatial correlation. Using the nonradial directional distance function approach, we first estimate the provincial-level energy efficiency in China. Paying attention to spatial correlation among the provinces of China, in stage two, we identify the determinants of energy efficiency. Our empirical results suggest that price distortions have a significant impact on energy efficiency in China. This impact holds when the cross-region effect is considered, i.e., besides its own energy price distortion, a region’s energy efficiency is also correlated to the adjacent provinces’ energy price distortions. Furthermore, we found that the levels of energy efficiencies in adjacent provinces are highly correlated. This spatial relationship can be decomposed into the ‘spillover effect’ and ‘warning effect’. These two effects work together, determining the spatial relationship among the province-level energy efficiencies.

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Lu, Hengfan, Jiachao Peng, and Xiangyi Lu. "Do Factor Market Distortions and Carbon Dioxide Emissions Distort Energy Industry Chain Technical Efficiency? A Heterogeneous Stochastic Frontier Analysis." Energies 15, no. 17 (August 24, 2022): 6154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176154.

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China’s high-quality economic development is hampered by market distortions, and promises to achieve peak carbon emissions by 2030, meaning that its economic growth faces serious environmental constraints. We use a heterogeneous stochastic frontier model to analyze the impact of factor market distortions and carbon dioxide emissions on economic growth, and to evaluate the Chinese energy industry’s chain technical efficiency under the influence of factor distortions and carbon dioxide emissions. Finally, the counterfactual measurement method is used to calculate the factor market distortions and loss of the energy industry chain technology efficiency as a result of carbon dioxide emissions. The main research results show that China’s energy technology efficiency is 0.959, and the average energy industry chain technical efficiency for each region from the highest to the lowest is east (0.961), center (0.957), northeast (0.955), and west (0.950). The space for efficiency improvement is 3.6377%, 4.5151%, 4.7669%, and 5.2521%, respectively. Factor market distortion and carbon dioxide emissions are the main sources of losses of energy industry chain technical efficiency. Although the energy industry chain technical efficiency is subject to market factors, the structural factors caused by sustainable efficiency are more obvious. In the case of factor market distortions and carbon dioxide emissions, China’s energy industry chain technical efficiency slowly increased from 0.952 in 2000 to 0.964 in 2016. By reducing the degree of factor market distortion, China’s average energy industry chain technical efficiency will rise to 0.9651 from 0.9649, representing an improvement of 3.6162%.

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Ji, Bingyu, Ran Li, and Changan Wu. "Rate-Distortion and Rate-Energy-Distortion Evaluations of Compressive-Sensing Video Coding." International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4589124.

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Compressive-Sensing Video Coding (CSVC) is a new video coding framework based on compressive-sensing (CS) theory. This paper presents the evaluations on rate-distortion performance and rate-energy-distortion performance of CSVC by comparing it with the popular hybrid video coding standard H.264 and distributed video coding (DVC) system DISCOVER. Experimental results show that CSVC achieves a poor rate-distortion performance when compared with H.264 and DISCOVER, but its rate-energy-distortion performance has a distinct advantage; moreover, its energy consumption of coding is approximately invariant regardless of reconstruction quality. It can be concluded that, with a limited energy budget, CSVC outperforms H.264 and DISCOVER, but its rate-distortion performance still needs improvement.

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Mardiono, Djoko Anwar, Gunawan Toto Hadiyanto, and Intan Kumala Sari. "Penggunaan Common-Mode Filter dan Differential-Mode Filter Pada EMI Driver Lampu LED." Zona Teknik: Jurnal Ilmiah 15, no. 2 (December 29, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.37776/zt.v15i2.811.

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Power Energy efficiency for public application commonly used driver IC that operate by (Pulse Width Modulation) PWM, The effect of this implementation will generate EMI (Electromagnetic Interference) that can make radio signal distortion or other electronic distortion in the around device area. The action to reduce the signal distortions shall use Filter implementation in the electronic device circuit. The filter to reduce signal distortion are power line filter or ferrite beads filter. Power line filter used for reduce and to filtering noise signal from Power line source from PLN power line or from power line distribution Conduction emission., The ferrite beads filter implementation for noise reduction or filtering from Source power supply to load. Implement of both filters at the circuit diagram will impact to reduce noise signal that make distortion to the signal source.

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Alber, M., and K. Bartmann. "Spalling prediction by distortion strain energy." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 833, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 012160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/833/1/012160.

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Scha¨ffler, A., and D. C. Miatt. "Experimental Evaluation of Heavy Fan-High-Pressure Compressor Interaction in a Three-Shaft Engine: Part II—Analysis of Distortion and Fan Loading." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 108, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3239867.

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Analysis of a severe rotating-stall phenomenon encountered in the fan core section of a three-shaft low bypass engine revealed interesting insight into the growth and circumferential extension of the stall cells immediately before surge of the high-pressure compressor was induced. The effect of a rotating distortion in contrast to the usually encountered stationary distortion is highlighted. The rotating distortion changes the time and hence the effectively felt distortion sector angle depending on a co- or contra-rotational arrangement of the distorting and the distorted compressor. The analysis shows that a contra-rotational arrangement provides a more stable and tolerant situation against that type of distortion. Analysis of the fan loading shows the static temperature rise coefficient to be the most descriptive for the fan rotor 1 hub section which initiated the rotating-stall mechanism.

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Shumilin, Sergei Sergeevich. "Methods for anchoring boundary nodes when smoothing a triangular surface mesh." Program Systems: Theory and Applications 12, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25209/2079-3316-2021-12-2-207-219.

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In numerical modeling tasks that use surface meshes, remeshing is often required. However, while remeshing, distortion can occur. The accumulation of distortions can lead to the collapse of the solution. Smoothing algorithms are used to maintain the quality of the mesh during the calculation. When performing smoothing using methods that shift the mesh nodes, the border nodes are usually fixed to avoid distortion. However, simply fixing the nodes can lead to more severe distortion. This paper presents methods for working with boundary nodes to control such nodes during the smoothing process. Algorithms for working with pseudo-3D surface meshes, which are of particular interest, are also considered.

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11

Baretter, Alberto, Benjamin Godard, Pierric Joseph, Olivier Roussette, Francesco Romanò, Raphael Barrier, and Antoine Dazin. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis of a Compressor Stage under Flow Distortion." International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power 6, no. 4 (November 23, 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp6040043.

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On many occasions, fan or compressor stages have to face azimuthal flow distortion at inlet, which affects their performance and stability. These flow distortions can be caused by external events or by some particular geometrical features. The aim of this work is to propose a joined numerical and experimental analysis of the flow behavior in a single axial compressor stage under flow distortion. The distortions are generated by different grids that are placed upstream to the rotor. Experimentally, the flow analysis is based on the measurements obtained by a series of unsteady pressure sensors flush-mounted at the casing of the machine rotor. URANS computations are conducted using the elsA software. The flow distortion is simulated by a drop of stagnation pressure ratio at the inlet boundary condition. The study is focusing first on the ability of a pressure drop, imposed as an inlet boundary condition in CFD, to reproduce accurately the effect of a flow distortion. The analysis is conducted using singular value decomposition (SVD) and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). A special attention is then paid, on the experimental level, to the arising of rotating stall, from the onset of the instability up to completely developed stall cells.

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12

Belchior, Fernando Nunes, Paulo Fernando Ribeiro, and Frederico Marques Carvalho. "Comparative Analysis of Instruments Measuring Time Varying Harmonics." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 17, no. 4 (August 1, 2016): 463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2015-0175.

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Abstract This paper aims to evaluate the performance of commercial class A and class S power quality (PQ) instruments when measuring time-varying harmonics. By using a high precision programmable voltage and current source, two meters from different manufacturers are analyzed and compared. Three-phase voltage signals are applied to PQ instruments, considering 3 situations of time-varying harmonic distortions, whose harmonic distortion values are in accordance with typical values found in power systems. This work is relevant considering that international standardization documents do not pay much attention to this aspect of harmonic distortion.

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13

Han, Hong Pei. "The Lattice Distortion-Induced Topological Insulating Material." Advanced Materials Research 676 (March 2013): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.676.13.

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We have carried out a series of calculations to investigate the electronic band structure of bulk HgTe strained along c-direction with the constant-volume by means of the full potential linearized augmented plane-wave method. Our results show that there is a topological insulating phase induced by the lattice distortions, which is in agreement with previous theoretical and experimental results. Importantly, the distortion-induced band gap is large up to 0.19 eV in either expansion or compression along c-direction. It is indicated that the bulk HgTe under proper lattice distortions would be possibly made the room temperature application for material engineering with low energy consumption.

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14

Fan, Longxin, Hui Tian, Liang Li, Yinfei Yang, Nenggan Zhou, and Ning He. "Machining Distortion Minimization of Monolithic Aircraft Parts Based on the Energy Principle." Metals 10, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 1586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10121586.

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Machining distortion is a recurring problem in the machining of monolithic aircraft parts. This paper aims to study the machining distortion minimization of monolithic aircraft parts. Firstly, the energy principle of machining distortion was analyzed. Then, a rapid prediction model of the final part distortion for beam parts was proposed based on the equivalent stress, and the initial bending strain energy contained in the final part was used to characterize the bending distortion risk of the final part. Numerical simulation and milling experiments verified the effectiveness of the proposed prediction model. The relative error between the experimental and calculated results does not exceed 26.5%. Finally, the influence of initial residual stress fluctuation, part geometry and the part location on part distortion was analyzed from the energy point of view. The obtained results indicated that the expected final part distortion can be minimized by adjusting these three factors.

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15

Wang, Xiaolei, Hui Wang, Shuang Liang, and Shichun Xu. "The Influence of Energy Price Distortion on Region Energy Efficiency in China’s Energy-Intensive Industries from the Perspectives of Urban Heterogeneity." Sustainability 14, no. 1 (December 22, 2021): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14010088.

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As typical representatives of China’s industrial sectors, energy intensive industries are the focus of energy conservation. This study constructs a trans-log production function and stochastic frontier analysis model to analyze the impact of energy price distortion on total factor energy efficiency in energy intensive industries on the city level. The results reveal that the phenomenon of energy price distortion existed in all cities from 2003 to 2019, with an average degree of −0.175; and the total factor energy efficiency in China’s energy intensive sectors showed an upward trend, with an average efficiency of 0.729. Further deep analysis of affecting mechanisms concluded that the price distortion showed a significant restraining effect on improving energy efficiency, while the improvement of urban agglomeration systems had an opposite effect. In addition, energy consumption structure, foreign trade, and infrastructure construction are positively correlated with energy efficiency. Therefore, promoting the market-oriented reform of China’s energy market is of great significance to improve city energy efficiency and build a resource-conserving society.

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Al-Sa’ady, Moneer, Mudar Abdulsattar, and Laith Al-Khafagy. "Finite difference simulation of low carbon steel manual ARC welding." Thermal Science 15, no. 1 (2011): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci100206055s.

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This study discusses the evaluation and simulation of angular distortion in welding joints, and the ways of controlling and treating them, while welding plates of (low carbon steel) type (A-283-Gr-C) through using shielded metal arc welding. The value of this distortion is measured experimentally and the results are compared with the suggested finite difference method computer program. Time dependent temperature distributions are obtained using finite difference method. This distribution is used to obtain the shrinkage that causes the distortions accompanied with structural forces that act to modify these distortions. Results are compared with simple empirical models and experimental results. Different thickness of plates and welding parameters is manifested to illustrate its effect on angular distortions. Results revealed the more accurate results of finite difference method that match experimental results in comparison with empirical formulas. Welding parameters include number of passes, current, electrode type and geometry of the welding process.

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Nazir, Refdinal, Syafii Syafii, Andi Pawawoi, Fadjril Akbar, and Axel Doriza. "Differences in the impact of harmonic distortion due to the installation of electronic load controller in self-excited induction generator and synchronous generator." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i1.pp104-116.

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In general, the application of Self-Excited Induction Generator (SEIG) or Synchronous Generator (SG) on the Stand-Alone Micro Hydel Power Plant (MHPP) is equipped with Electronic Load Controller (ELC) to control generator output during variations in consumer load. One type of ELC that is cheap and rigid developed today is the ELC, which is constructed by the uncontrolled bridge rectifier with DC Chopper. Based on the operational concept, basically this type of ELC can be implemented on both SEIG and SG, but both of these generators will have a different harmonic distortion effect on the output and its load. This paper examines the differences in the effects of harmonic distortions due to ELC installation on SEIG and SG. The initial stage of this study was to design the ELC developed. Then, the harmonic distortion response due to the installation of ELC on SEIG and SG is tested, which includes harmonic distortion in: stator current, PCC voltage, and consumer load current. THDI (Current Total Harmonic Distortion) stator current at SEIG with ELC has shown an average value smaller than the THD stator current in SG with ELC. Likewise, the THDV (Voltage Total Harmonic Distortion) value of PCC voltage and THDI value of the current consumer load on SEIG equipped with ELC has been shown to be smaller than the THDV value of PCC voltage and THDI value of the current consumer load on SG equipped with ELC. The effects of harmonic distortions due to the installation of ELCs that developed in this study on SEIG is still within the permitted limits, while on the SG, the harmonic distortion reduction is needed at the generator output.

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MINOT, CHRISTIAN, MICHEL A. VAN HOVE, and GABOR A. SOMORJAI. "BENZENE ADSORPTION ON Pt(111): A THEORETICAL STUDY." Surface Review and Letters 02, no. 03 (June 1995): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x95000303.

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From crystal orbital calculations, benzene is found to chemisorb with nearly equal binding energy on a hollow site and on a bridge site of the Pt (111) face. The chemisorption is stronger and involves larger molecular distortions than on palladium and rhodium surfaces in agreement with experiment. On the hollow site, the benzene molecule undergoes a Kekulé distortion. On the bridge site found experimentally (with or without coadsorbed CO), the benzene molecule undergoes a local C2v distortion with long and short C-C bonds also in qualitative agreement with experiment. The favored azimuthal orientation of pure benzene coincides with that found experimentally only in the presence of CO. According to calculations, CO adsorption is found to weaken the benzene adsorption and reduce its metal-induced distortions but preserved the same orientation.

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Harvey, Pierre D., and Christian Reber. "Article." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v98-212.

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Density functional theory is used to characterize the lowest energy excited spin triplet orbital configurations of square-planar halide complexes of palladium(II). Calculations for the eg –> b1g orbital excitation (D4h labels) predict a non-totally symmetric distortion along the b1g normal coordinate, leading to unequal bond lengths for perpendicular metal-ligand bonds (D2h symmetry). Calculated bond length changes are 0.15 Å (0.11 Å) and 0.05 Å (0.00 Å) for PdCl42- (PdBr42-). These values compare favorably to the emitting-state distortions of 0.12 Å and 0.09 Å for K2PdCl4 (0.12 Å, and 0.07 Å for K2PdBr4) determined from resolved single-crystal luminescence spectra. The calculations indicate that the non-totally symmetric distortion is an intrinsic molecular property of these complexes.Key words: palladium(II) complexes, excited state distortions, density functional theory.

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Abramchuk, S. S. "Orthorhombic distortion energy for monatomic fcc crystals." Mechanics of Composite Materials 34, no. 1 (January 1998): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02256143.

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Smalley, A. J. "Reciprocating Compressor Frame Distortion During a Cold Start." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 109, no. 4 (October 1, 1987): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240067.

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This paper presents measurements of vertical and horizontal distortions of a compressor frame during the days following a cold start. The distortions are measured using a laser beam directed along the back of the compressor at the level of the bearings. Laser targets attached to the frame generate voltages proportional to the vertical and horizontal displacement of the targets relative to the laser beam. Data are acquired by a microcomputer and high-speed A-to-D converter. Coherent averaging techniques reduce the influence of vibration on these readings to a tolerable level. Frame distortion readings are supplemented by temperatures measured at a number of points on the compressor frame and foundation block. Averaged signals from laser targets and thermocouples are logged by the computer every 2 min. Two sets of results are presented: one for a compressor mounted on a concrete block with a sand–cement full bed grout, the other for a compressor mounted on epoxy chocks. Data for the full bed grout unit cover a 53-h period. Data for the chock-mounted unit cover a 96-h period. Both units show some unexpected distortion transients during the first 24 h, and the magnitude of these is significantly greater for the full bed grout unit. Both units exhibit pronounced swings in frame distortion as ambient temperature changes from day to night. This daily cycling with ambient temperature, in particular, shows the need for careful interpretation of isolated readings of frame or crankshaft bearing alignment. The frame distortion and temperature data are supplemented by predictions of nominal crankshaft bending stress resulting from the observed misalignment.

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Filho da Costa Castro, José, Lucas Ramalho Lima, Fernando Nunes Belchior, and Paulo Fernando Ribeiro. "A Novel Approach to the Design of Passive Filters in Electric Grids." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 17, no. 6 (December 1, 2016): 693–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2015-0205.

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Abstract The design of shunt passive filters has been a topic of constant research since the 70’s. Due to the lower cost, passive shunt filters are still considered a preferred option. This paper presents a novel approach for the placement and sizing of passive filters through ranking solutions based on the minimization of the total harmonic distortion (THDV) of the supply system rather than one specific bus, without neglecting the individual harmonic distortions. The developed method was implemented using Matlab/Simulink and applied to a test system. The results shown that is possible to minimize the total voltage harmonic distortion using a system approach during the filter selection. Additionally, since the method is mainly based on a heurist approach, it avoids the complexity associated with of use of advanced mathematical tools such as artificial intelligence techniques. The analyses contemplate a sinusoidal voltage utility and also the condition with background distortion utility.

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Liu, Yue, Siming Liu, Xueying Xu, and Pierre Failler. "Does Energy Price Induce China’s Green Energy Innovation?" Energies 13, no. 15 (August 4, 2020): 4034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13154034.

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This paper aims to comprehensively analyze the relationship between energy price and green energy innovation in China, and first studies the impact of energy price on China’s green energy innovation, then further investigates the moderating role of energy price distortion in the price–innovation relationship, especially in the context of lagging energy marketization level in the process of China’s transition from planned economy to the market economy. Based on the data of 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2017, this paper provides a measurement of green energy innovation capacity through the number of “alternative energy production” and “energy conservation” patents. Our results show that energy price has a significantly positive impact on China’s green energy innovation, no matter the number of green energy patent applications or the number of green energy patent grants is used as the proxy of green energy innovation capacity. However, there exists heterogeneity related to the influence of energy price on green energy innovation. Specifically, energy price has a noticeable role in promoting green energy innovation in central and western China, but not in eastern China. Further research results show that energy price distortion significantly reduces the inducing effect of energy price on green energy innovation. Meanwhile, the distortion degrees of energy price in the central and western regions of China are significantly lower than that in the eastern region, which explains to a large extent why the inducing effect of energy price on innovation is more prominent in the central and western regions.

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Suwandee, Senee, Arumona Edward Arumona, Kanad Ray, Phichai Youplao, and Preecha Yupapin. "Mindfulness Model Using Polariton Oscillation in Plasmonic Circuit for Human Performance Management." Axioms 9, no. 3 (July 8, 2020): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms9030076.

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We have proposed that human life is formed on a space and time function relationship basis, which is distorted after fertilization in the ovum, from which growth is generated by a space–time distortion against the universe’s gravity. A space–time distortion’s reduction can be managed by space and time separation, which is known as mindfulness. A space–time distortion in human cells is configured by a polariton traveling in a gold grating film, which can be employed to investigate mindfulness characteristics. Mindfulness is the steady state of the time function of energy after the separation. Energy levels of mindfulness based on polariton aspects are categorized by a quantum number (n), which can be reduced to be a two-level system called Rabi oscillation by a successive filtering method. We have assumed a cell space–time distortion can reduce to reach the original state, which is the stopping state. Mindfulness with a certain frequency energy level of n = 2 was achieved. Several techniques in the practice of mindfulness based on successive filtering called meditation are given and explained, where the required levels of the mindfulness state can be achieved. The criteria of the proposed method are a low energy level (n) and high frequency (f) outputs, which can apply to having a working performance improvement.

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Graña-López, Manuel Ángel, Almudena Filgueira-Vizoso, Laura Castro-Santos, and Ana Isabel García-Diez. "Analysis of the Real Energy Consumption of Energy Saving Lamps." Applied Sciences 10, no. 23 (November 26, 2020): 8446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10238446.

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Light emitting diode (LED) and compact fluorescent light (CFL) lamps are widely used because they are associated with low energy consumption and a reduced environmental impact. In the present paper, a study of the real consumption of these devices has been carried out. To do this, the active, reactive, distortion and apparent power and electrical efficiency for various lamps have been measured and calculated. The distortions produced in the network provoke the consumed energy to be in the order of 50–75% higher than that which appears in the commercial characteristics. This situation means that for its operation, it is necessary to generate and distribute an amount of energy much higher than that which is declared as the consumption of these lamps, and so far, this amount of energy is neither quantified nor invoiced. Additionally, groups of lamps have also been studied to check whether, when working together on the same network, there is a compensation phenomenon that reduces the negative effects of individual lamps. We have found that this compensation effect does not occur for the type of devices evaluated.

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Sha, Ru, Tao Ge, and Jinye Li. "How Energy Price Distortions Affect China’s Economic Growth and Carbon Emissions." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 15, 2022): 7312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127312.

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China’s energy market reform is characterized by “asymmetry” as a result of the transition from a planned economy to a market economy, leading to typical distortions in energy prices. Using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces during 2006–2018, this paper examines the impact of the price distortions of fossil energy sources (coal, oil, and natural gas) as well as renewable energy on China’s economic growth and carbon emissions. The results show that coal price distortion is the highest among the fossil energy sources, followed by oil and natural gas. Renewable energy price is positively distorted. Not all price distortions of energy sources significantly impede economic growth—only those of coal and renewable energy. In contrast, oil and natural gas price distortions promote economic growth. All four energy price distortions contribute significantly to the increase in carbon emissions. Further analysis reveals that regional heterogeneity exists in the impact of energy price distortions on economic growth and carbon emissions. Additionally, this study finds that technological innovation, industrial structure upgrading, the investment effect, the optimization of energy consumption structure, and environmental regulations are important transmission mechanisms of energy price distortions affecting China’s economic growth and carbon emissions. The findings of this study can help us to understand the relationship between energy price distortions and China’s economic growth and carbon emissions, and provide a reference for formulating energy price reform policies that benefit the win-win development of China’s economy and environment.

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Steinberg, Bernard D. "A Discussion of Two Wavefront Aberration Correction Procedures." Ultrasonic Imaging 14, no. 4 (October 1992): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016173469201400405.

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This review paper discusses the basic properties of two adaptive signal processing procedures for dealing with weak scattering in a phased array transducer system. A fundamental improvement in the lateral resolution of ultrasonic echo scanners will result if the weight vector of a large phased array transducer can be modified to account for distortion in the propagation medium. Lateral resolution in most tissue is limited to a few mm by wavefront-distortion-induced sound-speed variations. One important wavefront-distortion source is scattering from local speed variations within large and reasonably homogeneous tissue beds such as the liver. Scattering disperses some energy from the beam and perturbs the wavefront, thereby distorting the image and limiting the resolution to the scale of the distortion. Often, such scattering is weak, meaning that most of the energy in the beam is unscattered. The total field at the receiving transducer is the vector sum of the unscattered and scattered fields. In weak scattering the unscattered field is dominant and the resultant field can be treated as the unscattered field plus a perturbation. The net effect is primarily a distorted phasefront, while the ampitude or modulus of the wavefront remains reasonably intact. Refraction and strong scattering affect the wavefront more severely and are less responsive to these algorithms.

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Al-Qamaji, Ali, and Baris Atakan. "Event Distortion-Based Clustering Algorithm for Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks." Wireless Personal Communications 123, no. 4 (November 9, 2021): 3823–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-021-09316-z.

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AbstractWireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of compact deployed sensor nodes which collectively report their sensed readings about an event to the Base Station (BS). In WSNs, due to the dense deployment, sensor readings can be spatially correlated and it is nonessential to transmit all their readings to the BS. Therefore, for more energy efficient, it is vital to choose which sensor node should report their sensed readings to the BS. In this paper, the event distortion-based clustering (EDC) algorithm is proposed for the spatially correlated sensor nodes. Here, the sensor nodes are assumed to harvest energy from ambient electromagnetic radiation source. The EDC algorithm allows the energy-harvesting sensor nodes to select and eliminate nonessential nodes while maintain an acceptable level of distortion at the BS. To measure the reliability, a theoretical framework of the distortion function is first derived for both single-hop and two-hop communication scenarios. Then, based on the derived theoretical framework, the EDC algorithm is introduced. Through extensive simulations, the performance of the EDC algorithm is evaluated in terms of achievable distortion level, number of alive nodes and harvested energy levels. As a result, EDC algorithm can successfully exploit both the spatial correlation and energy harvesting to improve the energy efficiency while preserving an acceptable level of distortion. Furthermore, the performance comparisons reveal that the two-hop communication model outperforms the single-hop model in terms of the distortion and energy-efficiency.

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Skamyin, Aleksandr, Yaroslav Shklyarskiy, Iuliia Dobush, Vasiliy Dobush, Tole Sutikno, and Mohd Hatta Jopri. "An assessment of the share contributions of distortion sources for various load parameters." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 950. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i2.pp950-959.

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The method for assessing the contributions of distortion sources based on measuring consumer currents and calculating their projections onto the supply current vector is considered in the paper. Determination of contributions is carried out on the basis of the developed model of an industrial enterprise in the food industry in MATLAB Simulink software. This study presents various cases of simulation, including variable parameters of linear and non-linear consumer load, changes in parameters of external distortion sources and passive harmonic filters. It is shown that the considered method gives correct results in the absence of external distortions in the electrical grid. The considered criteria for the share contributions make it possible to estimate the most efficient place for installing a passive filter in the absence of external distortions. An indicator for evaluating external distortions has also been developed based on calculating the projection of the harmonic system current onto the harmonic current of the shunt filter at the considered frequency.

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Ortiz, A., C. Gherasim, M. Manana, C. J. Renedo, L. I. Eguiluz, and R. J. M. Belmans. "Total Harmonic Distortion Decomposition Depending on Distortion Origin." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 20, no. 4 (October 2005): 2651–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2005.852389.

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Vanin, Valery, Alexandr Bulychov, Maxim Popov, Olga Vasilyeva, and Maria Shakhova. "About influence of non-sinusoidal currents and voltages on the amount of the electric energy." MATEC Web of Conferences 245 (2018): 06009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824506009.

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The results of measurements of the harmonics components of the current, voltage, power of harmonics at the point of connection of electric receivers with a non-linear voltage-current characteristic are considered. It is shown that the amount of electric energy including the non-sinusoidality of the currents and voltages consumed by the non-linear load is less than the amount of the fundamental frequency energy. The difference between them is the harmonic distortion energy that causes extra losses to the electric networks. The voltage harmonic distortions at the measurement point exceed the normative values for 0.4 kV electric networks.

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HUERTA, ANTONIO, YOLANDA VIDAL, and JAVIER BONET. "UPDATED LAGRANGIAN FORMULATION FOR CORRECTED SMOOTH PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS." International Journal of Computational Methods 03, no. 04 (December 2006): 383–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876206001120.

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Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) are, in general, more robust than finite elements for large distortion problems. Nevertheless, updating the reference configuration may be necessary in some problems involving extremely large distortions. If a standard updated formulation is implemented in SPH zero energy modes are activated and spoil the solution. It is important to note that the updated Lagrangian does not present tension instability but only zero energy modes. Here an stabilization technique is incorporated to the updated formulation to obtain an improved method without mechanisms.

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33

Suzuki, Katuhisa. "Distortion of Energy Surfaces by a Strain Field." Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement 101 (1990): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/ptps.101.215.

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Burshtein, A. I. "Diffusional distortion of the free‐energy gap law." Journal of Chemical Physics 103, no. 18 (November 8, 1995): 7927–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.470210.

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Herglotz, Christian, Andreas Heindel, and Andre Kaup. "Decoding-Energy-Rate-Distortion Optimization for Video Coding." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 29, no. 1 (January 2019): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2017.2771819.

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Ishigaki, Tadashi, Zoran S. Nikolic, Tomoaki Watanabe, Nobuhiro Matsushita, and Masahiro Yoshimura. "Lattice energy calculation for quantitatively-modeled Perovskite distortion." Solid State Ionics 180, no. 6-8 (May 14, 2009): 475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2008.12.017.

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Manikandan, M. Sabarimalai, and S. Dandapat. "Wavelet energy based diagnostic distortion measure for ECG." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 2, no. 2 (April 2007): 80–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2007.05.001.

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Suzuki, K. "Distortion of Energy Surfaces by a Strain Field." Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement 101 (May 16, 2013): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/ptp.101.215.

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Wu, Guixing, and Yudong Xiang. "SSIM-based Rate Distortion Optimal Differential Energy Watermarking." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 910 (October 2017): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/910/1/012014.

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Sharma, Sagar, and Shakuntla Boora. "Neural network based novel controller for hybrid energy storage system for electric vehicles." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 30, no. 2 (May 1, 2023): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v30.i2.pp670-680.

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This manuscript deals with the various control strategies of storage system for an electrical vehicle. High demands in the electrical systems in the field of transportations leads to various challenges and more precise control and regulations techniques. Apart from the conventional grid system now a days the integration of renewable energy systems like solar, wind and fuel cell system leads to more complex system but these system shares the load from conventional generating system. This paper deals with the study and control aspects of the electrical vehicles associated with hybrid energy storage (HES) systems. In general, when systems are integrated with the main grid there are more distortions and ripples in the system. To reduce these distortions various control techniques are used. This paper proposes a neural network-based PI (NNPI) controller for HES system for electric vehicles for better distortion less outputs.

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Borbely, Andras, Loic Renversade, Peter Kenesei, and Jonathan Wright. "On the calibration of high-energy X-ray diffraction setups. I. Assessing tilt and spatial distortion of the area detector." Journal of Applied Crystallography 47, no. 3 (May 29, 2014): 1042–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s160057671400898x.

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The geometry of high-energy X-ray diffraction setups using an area detector and a rotation axis is analysed. The present paper (part 1) describes the methodology for determining continuously varying spatial distortions and tilt of the area detector based on the reference diffraction rings of a certified powder. Analytical expressions describing the degeneration of Debye rings into ellipses are presented and a robust calibration procedure is introduced. It is emphasized that accurate detector calibration requires the introduction of spatial distortion into the equation describing the tilt. The method is applied to data sets measured at the Advanced Photon Source and at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility using detectors with different physical characteristics, the GE 41RT flat-panel and the FReLoN4M detector, respectively. The spatial distortion of the detectors is compared with regard to their use in structural and strain tensor analysis, a subject treated in part 2 of the calibration work [Borbély, Renversade & Kenesei (2014).J. Appl. Cryst.Submitted].

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Xue, Shou Yi. "On Energy Strength Theories for Geomaterials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 901–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.901.

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The composition of the energy in the process of material deformation and failure and the relationship between energy and strength were summarized; the features, essences and main problems of the energy release rate theory, the three-shear energy theory and the net shear strain energy density theory were illustrated. It is pointed out that the roles of distortion strain energy, volumetric strain energy and dissipated energy are not identical, especially distortion strain energy and volumetric strain energy must be separately processed. The three-shear energy theory and the net shear strain energy density theory can properly deal with the problems, and also well reflect the intermediate principal stress effect. The above research results can provide references for further discussions.

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Knorn, Steffi, Subhrakanti Dey, Anders Ahlen, and Daniel E. Quevedo. "Distortion Minimization in Multi-Sensor Estimation Using Energy Harvesting and Energy Sharing." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 63, no. 11 (June 2015): 2848–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2015.2416682.

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Mun, Lau Kien, Dominique Drouin, Eric Lavallée, and Jacques Beauvais. "The Impact of Charging on Low-Energy Electron Beam Lithography." Microscopy and Microanalysis 10, no. 6 (December 2004): 804–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927604040711.

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A major issue in low voltage lithography is surface charging, which results in beam deflection presented as uneven exposure between adjacent structures. In this study, charge-induced pattern distortions in low-voltage energy beam lithography (LVEBL) were investigated using a silicide direct-write electron beam lithography process. Two methodologies have been proposed to avert charging effects in LVEBL, namely, pattern randomizing and lithography using the crossover voltage. Experimental results demonstrated that these methods are effective in significantly reducing the problems associated with charging. They indicate that charging on a sample is a function of time interval and proximity between line structures. In addition, the optimum time and distance between exposures for no charge-induced pattern distortion were determined. By using the crossover voltage of the material for lithography, charging effect can be significantly minimized.

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GANGADHAR REDDY, G., T. VENKATAPPA RAO, A. RAMAKANTH, S. K. GHATAK, and S. N. BEHERA. "REENTRANT-LIKE BAND JAHN–TELLER EFFECT AND ITS FIELD DEPENDENCE." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 04 (February 10, 2008): 423–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208038612.

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In the presence of the electron–lattice interaction where the lattice strain is coupled to the difference in orbital occupancy, the metallic system whose Fermi level lies in an orbitally degenerate eg band undergoes a structural transition to a lower symmetric state with distortion. The distortion is the consequence of the band Jahn–Teller (J–T) effect, and results from the gain of the electronic energy against the increase in the elastic energy. The extent of distortion depends on the nature of the density of states (DOS) and carrier concentration. These effects are examined for a system described by a different model DOS, and an orbitally degenerate eg band with the J–T interaction. In a certain region of parameter space, the temperature dependence of distortion exhibits a reentrant-like behavior, and the magnetic field augments the distortion in this region. In the parameter space where there is no reentrant-like behavior, the field suppresses the distortion, and the normalized distortion becomes a universal function of the normalized field. A phase diagram is obtained in the magnetic field–temperature plane.

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Kim, You Chul. "Forefront in High Accurate Prediction of Welding Distortion in Japan." Materials Science Forum 580-582 (June 2008): 645–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.580-582.645.

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In discussion on reduction of energy and an environmental issue on a global scale, the research project had been organized in Japan. In the project, a committee “Development of model for the high accurate prediction of welding distortion by computer simulation” was set up for the purpose of reduction of energy spent for correction of welding distortion. A lot of items were investigated. The research was carried out to find the dominant factor for the high accurate prediction of welding distortion generated by fillet welding in the committee. As the results, two dominant factors were found and welding distortion generated by fillet welding could be predicted with high accuracy by satisfying two dominant factors.

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Guan, Huayu, and Mengyue Xing. "Impact of Energy Price Distortion on Green TFP Based on Spatial Econometric Model." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (January 4, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1117675.

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With environmental regulation as the intermediary, this paper studies the influence mechanism and mediating effect of energy price distortion on green total factor productivity. On the basis of the panel data of 30 provinces in China (except Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan), the research results from the study of panel and spatial metrology show that energy price distortion has a significant negative effect on the improvement of green total factor productivity. Different environmental regulation tools have different impacts, and the impact effect of fiscal energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure is better than that of pollution punishment. The transmission effect of energy price on environmental regulation policies is different when environmental regulation is the intermediary. The increase of the degree of energy price distortion will increase the financial expenditure of energy conservation and environmental protection, while the energy factor price will increase the green total factor productivity with the increase of pollution punishment.

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Owomero, Kingsley Ovime, and Khadeejah Adebisi Abdulsalam. "Distortion minimisation of harvested electrical energy over wireless medium." International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy 17, no. 2 (2021): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijetp.2021.10037086.

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Abdulsalam, Khadeejah Adebisi, and Kingsley Ovime Owomero. "Distortion minimisation of harvested electrical energy over wireless medium." International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy 17, no. 2 (2021): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijetp.2021.114365.

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Schmidt, V. Hugo. "Normal-distortion-mode approach to liquid crystal elastic energy." Physical Review Letters 64, no. 5 (January 29, 1990): 535–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.64.535.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Energy distortion'

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