Journal articles: 'Energy Dispersive Analysis X-ray (EDAX)'

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Bedboudi, H., A. Bourbia, M. Draissia, and M. Y. Debili. "X-Ray Diffraction Studies of Nanostructured Metallic Alloys." Journal of Nano Research 3 (October 2008): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.3.45.

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X-ray tools are being powerful methods for qualitative and quantitative analyses of nanocrystalline materials This work is an overview of detailed X-ray investigations relative to microstructural studies applied for a refined binary Al-based alloys thin films system as samples deposited on glass substrates. Energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods were used to determine the chemical composition, the microstructure parameters and the solubility of copper in aluminum.

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Chauhan, Harendra Pratap Singh, Sapana Joshi, Abhilasha Bakshi, and Jaswant Carpenter. "Structural investigation on toluene-3,4-dithiolatoantimony(iii) alkyldithiocarbonate complexes: thermal, powder XRD and biological studies." New Journal of Chemistry 39, no. 3 (2015): 2279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nj02094d.

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On thermal decomposition of the mixed sulfur donor antimony(iii) complexes, we obtained antimony sulfide at 600 °C, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX).

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Bamzai, K. K., Nidhi Kachroo, Vishal Singh, and Seema Verma. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal Decomposition of Pure and Dysprosium Doped Yttrium Phosphate System." Journal of Materials 2013 (April 18, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/359514.

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Yttrium phosphate and dysprosium doped yttrium phosphate were synthesized from aqueous solutions using rare earth chloride, phosphoric acid, and traces of ammonium hydroxide. The synthesized material was then characterized for their structural investigations using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) supplemented with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The spectroscopic investigations were carried out using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The thermal stability was studied using differential thermogravimetric analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that both yttrium phosphate and dysprosium doped yttrium phosphate belong to tetragonal system with lattice parameter Å, Å and Å, Å, respectively. The stoichiometry of the grown composition was established by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The EDAX analysis suggests the presence of water molecules. The presence of water molecules along with orthophosphate group and metallic ion group was confirmed by FTIR analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis suggests that decomposition in case of yttrium phosphate takes place in three different stages and the final product stabilizes after 706°C, whereas in case of dysprosium doped yttrium phosphate the decomposition occurs in two different stages, and the final product stabilizes after 519°C.

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Rao, Rameshwar, V. Rajendar, and K. Venkateswara Rao. "Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO Nano Particles Synthesised by Mixture of Fuel Approach in Solution Chemical Combustion." Advanced Materials Research 629 (December 2012): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.629.273.

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Zinc oxide has been used for many applications, for example optoelectronic devices, ceramics, catalysts, pigments, varistors and many other important applications. In this study, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by mixture of fuel approach in solution chemical combustion method. Mixtures of Urea and Zinc salts were mixed at room temperature resulting in spontaneous ignition because these are hypergolic materials resulting in production of ZnO nanopowder. The crystal structure and size of the synthesized powder were determined by X- ray diffractometer (XRD), which revealed that the synthesized ZnO nanopowder has the pure wurtzite structure having average crystallite size of 30nm. Morphological studies were carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) was carried out by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), Optical studies were examined by FT-IR and UV-Visible absorption spectrum and the particle size was estimated from Nanoparticle size analyzer.

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AMARSINGH BHABU, K., J. DHIVYA SARANYA, and T. R. RAJASEKARAN. "PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Ce0.8Y0.2O2 NANOPOWDERS USING SOL-GEL METHOD." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 22 (January 2013): 533–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194513010635.

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Nanopowders of Ce0.8Y0.2O2 were prepared by sol-gel via hydrolysis method for different hours. The prepared powders are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and analyzed by UV-visible spectroscopy, Photoluminescence (PL) and Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). Cubic fluorite structure of the prepared samples was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction and the grain size of the prepared samples in the range of 12 to 33 nm. The functional groups of the prepared nanopowders are identified by FTIR spectra. The band gap energy obtained from the UV spectra. From the photoluminescence spectra, there is a mirror image relation between absorption and emission spectra. The purity of the prepared samples is confirmed by EDAX measurements.

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Sivanand, R., S. Chellammal, and S. Manivannan. "Synthesis, Structural Analysis of Cadmium Sulphide Nanocrystallites." Materials Science Forum 969 (August 2019): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.969.169.

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In this paper, the effect of size variation of cadmium sulphide nanocrystallites which have been prepared by precipitation method is analyzed. These prepared samples were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy dispersive analysis of spectroscopy (EDAX) techniques. SEM analysis represents the morphological nature of prepared samples and EDAX indicates the confirmation of elements present in the sample. XRD analysis determines the size of the samples and identifies the structure using miller indices (h k l values) of the nanocrystallies matches with JCPDS. From the XRD analysis, the size variation which depends on dopant, capping agent are discussed and corresponding results are reported in this paper.

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Sangu, V., Rajeswari C. Raja, K. Shenbagam, and N. Sowmiya. "Green synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles: characterisation for sonocatalytic ability to remove Alizarin Red S dye in aqueous solution." Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 27, no. 2 (January 15, 2023): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/2702rjce1060113.

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In this present work, MgO nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized by using Tribulus Terrestris leaf extract and were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Dispersity and surface morphology were analyzed by dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Crystal nature and purity of the MgO nanoparticles were analyzed using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). FTIR analysis showed functional groups present in the phytochemicals of Tribulus Terrestris plant extract responsible for reduction and stabilization of MgO nanoparticles. The sonocatalytic efficiency of MgO nanoparticles was examined by degrading Alizarin Red S (ARS) under ultrasonic sound irradiation. Green synthesized MgO nanoparticles effectively degraded the dye nearly 95% within 5 hrs. of exposer time.

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Chellamal, S., A. P. Karthikeyan, P. Harsha, and S. Manivannan. "Structural Properties of Size Variation of Nanocrystallites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 813-814 (November 2015): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.813-814.226.

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Silver doped cadmium sulphide nanocrystallites (CdS:Ag), undoped cadmium sulphide nanocrystallites (CdS), have been synthesized by the chemical precipitation method. Nanocrystalline materials are confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy method. The presented elements are identified by EDAX (Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis). X-ray diffraction Method (XRD) is used to calculate the average size of the prepared sample. Morphological studies (SEM) are used to analyse the nature of the sample. The results are reported in this paper.

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Naskar, Amit Kumar, S. K. De, and Anil K. Bhowmick. "Surface Chlorination of Ground Rubber Tire and its Characterization." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 74, no. 4 (September 1, 2001): 645–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3544964.

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Abstract Ground rubber tire (GRT) powders were chlorinated by trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCLCA). GRT powders of different chlorination levels were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy, thermal, dielectric, and stress—strain properties on molded GRT specimens. Surface energy of the powders was estimated. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of molded GRT specimen reveals a biphasic structure. Plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound, when blended with chlorinated GRT, shows improved physical properties in comparison to non-chlorinated GRT.

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Mayall, Frederick, and David Wild. "A silver tattoo of the nasal mucosa after silver nitrate cautery." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 110, no. 6 (June 1996): 609–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100134395.

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AbstractWe report a silver tattoo of the nasal mucosa that occurred after silver nitrate cautery for nasal bleeding. Ths type of tattoo is a very rare potential mimic of melanoma and appears not to have been described before. It has similar features to an amalgam tattoo of the oral mucosa on histology and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX).

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Liu, Xiao Zhen, Wei Wei Qu, Ling Ling Song, Xiao Dong Yu, and Ting Rao. "Preparation and Properties of Ni-TiB₂-Gd₂O₃ Composite Coatings by Electrodepositon." Applied Mechanics and Materials 387 (August 2013): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.387.32.

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Ni-TiB2-Gd2O3 composite coatings were prepared by electrodeposition method from a nickel cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and hexadecylpyridinium bromide solution containing TiB2 and Gd2O3 particles. The composite coatings were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES), scanning electron microcopy (SEM) and energy- dispersive analyses of X-ray (EDAX), respectively. That the codesposition of TiB2 and Gd2O3 into the coatings were demonstrated by XRD, EDAX, ICP-AES and SEM. TiB2 and Gd2O3 entered the lattice of Ni. The incorporation of TiB2 and Gd2O3 particles in the matrix can largely reduce the wear of the nickel composite coatings.

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Sreenivasulu, A., and S. Buddhudu. "Structural and Optical Analysis of RE³⁺: LiNbO₃ Ceramic Powders." Solid State Phenomena 161 (June 2010): 63–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.161.63.

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Ferroelectric materials of LiNb0.95RE0.05O3 (RE3+=Eu3+, Sm3+, Dy3+ & Pr3+) have been prepared by a conventional solid state method. From the measurement of excitation and emission spectra of the prominent emission bands, emission performances of these optical materials have been investigated. In addition, structural analysis of these materials has also been carried out based on the data obtained from X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX). Lifetime measurements have also been carried out for the prominent emission transitions of these ceramic powders.

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Abdul-Jabbar1, Niran F., Raid A. Ismail2, and Mustafa W. Fatehi1. "The Influence of Temepature on the structural and optical properties of Sb2S3 thin films prepared by chemical bath deposition method." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 24, no. 2 (April 15, 2019): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/j.v24i2.805.

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In this study we used chemical bath deposition method for deposited Sb2S3 thin films on glass substrate. The study analyzed the optical properties and structural characterization of Sb2S3 thin films. The structural properties were studied on the thin films by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive X ray Analysis (EDAX). The XRD pattern showed that the thin films were polycrystalline, and EDAX showed that the constituents of the element were found to be chemically balanced and convergent peak (ie, verification chemical balance of phase Sb2S3).The optical properties showed that the optical energy gap at 40°C is 2.8 eV ,and at 50 °C is 2.6 eV , and the optical transmittance at 40°C is %80,and at 50°C is reached about %60. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.035

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Sivanand, R., S. Chellammal, and S. Manivannan. "Cadmium Sulphide Nanocrystallites for Optoelectronic Devices." Materials Science Forum 969 (August 2019): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.969.237.

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Cadmium sulphide nanocrystallites have been synthesized using precipitation method. The average sizes of the prepared samples is determined by XRD (x-ray diffraction) method. Morphological studies are carried out by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) measurement. Necesssary elements present in prepared samples, are confirmed by EDAX (energy dispersive analysis of x-ray spectroscopy) method. By Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy measurement, the value of absorption wavelength, band gap values are calculated in optical method. The electrical properties are analysed using impedance analyser measurement for the Nanocrystallites.

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Peeters, Marc H., and Max T. Otten. "PHAX-SCAN: Functional integration of a Scanning Electron Microscope and an energy-dispersive x-ray analyser." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (August 6, 1989): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100152252.

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Over the past decades, the combination of energy-dispersive analysis of X-rays and scanning electron microscopy has proved to be a powerful tool for fast and reliable elemental characterization of a large variety of specimens. The technique has evolved rapidly from a purely qualitative characterization method to a reliable quantitative way of analysis. In the last 5 years, an increasing need for automation is observed, whereby energy-dispersive analysers control the beam and stage movement of the scanning electron microscope in order to collect digital X-ray images and perform unattended point analysis over multiple locations.The Philips High-speed Analysis of X-rays system (PHAX-Scan) makes use of the high performance dual-processor structure of the EDAX PV9900 analyser and the databus structure of the Philips series 500 scanning electron microscope to provide a highly automated, user-friendly and extremely fast microanalysis system. The software that runs on the hardware described above was specifically designed to provide the ultimate attainable speed on the system.

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Kavi Rasu, K., Dhandapani Vishnushankar, and V. Veeravazhuthi. "Optical and Structural Properties of PVP/Bi₂S₃ Nanoparticles by Chemical Method." Advanced Materials Research 678 (March 2013): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.678.248.

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Bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) and Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) encapsulated Bi2S3 Nanoparticles are synthesized from aqueous solutions at room temperature. Synthesized samples are subjected to UV-Visible Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-ray (EDAX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and FT-IR studies and their results are compared. X-ray diffraction spectrum reveals the crystalline nature of the synthesized samples. Grain size value of PVP/ Bi2S3 nanoparticles show a decrease when compared to Bi2S3 nanoparticles and this ensures the good encapsulant effect of PVP on Bi2S3 nanoparticles. SEM images show that all the particles in the synthesized sample are nearly equal in size. From the TEM image we conclude that the particle size lies between 30nm to 70nm. Finally the samples are subjected to EDAX studies for determining their composition.

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Pawar, Jayesh R., Munjaji E. Dudhamal, Vijendra A. Chaudhari, Kashinath A. Bogle, and Rajesh Arun Joshi. "SILAR Synthesized ZnO Thin Films." Advanced Materials Research 1169 (March 18, 2022): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-1en24q.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films are synthesized by using modified successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction techniques (SILAR) on glass substrate at room temperature. These as deposited thin films are characterized for structural, compositional, surface morphology and optical characterizations using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray absorption spectra analysis (EDAX), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Uv-vis absorption spectroscopy. From XRD pattern; the low intensity peaks indicate that the films consist coarsely fine grains and/or amorphous in nature. The diffraction peaks observed at 2θ = 31.71 ̊, 36.27 ̊and 56.29 ̊ are attributed to (100), (101) and (110) planes having hexagonal phase while EDAX shows elemental traces for Zn and O. Surface morphology observed from the AFM corresponds granular shape evenly distributed over substrate surface.

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Boran, Filiz. "Synthesis and Characterization of Modified Diatomite-Leaf-Like CuO Nanosheet Composites." Materials Science Forum 915 (March 2018): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.915.93.

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In this work, firstly we described the effect of freeze drying on modification of raw diatomite. And then, modified diatomite-leaf-like copper oxide (CuO) nanosheet composite was successfully prepared by surfactant-free in-situ chemical precipitation method. The structure, morphology and elemental analysis of CuO nanosheets and its composite were analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). Dimensions of leaf-like CuO nanosheets were approximately determined as 160 nm in width, 320 nm in length and 20 nm in thickness. According to the EDAX spectrum, leaf-like CuO nanosheets composed of Cu and O atoms without any impurity and also uniformly covered the entire surface of modified diatomite.

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KAVITHA, B., and M. DHANAM. "EDAX SPECTRA AS A TOOL TO EVALUATE STRUCTURAL, COMPOSITIONAL AND ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS." Surface Review and Letters 19, no. 03 (June 2012): 1250026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x12500266.

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Near-stoichiometric and stoichiometric Cu(InAl)Se2 (CIAS) thin films have been prepared by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) onto well-cleaned substrates. energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) spectra of the prepared thin films enabled to determine the film composition, stoichiometry nature, type of conductivity, lattice constants, volume of the unit cell and density of CIAS thin films. The estimated compositional, structural and electrical parameters are presented and discussed in this paper in detail.

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Amalraj, Augustine, and P. Anitha Pius. "Photodegradation of Reactive Red 141 and Reactive Yellow 105 Dyes Using Prepared TiO₂ Nanoparticles." Materials Science Forum 807 (November 2014): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.807.65.

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The photodegradation of Reactive Red 141 (RR-141) and Reactive Yellow 105 (RY-105) dyes using TiO2 nanoparticles was investigated under UV light irradiation. TiO2 was prepared by sol-gel process and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) and FTIR. The effects of operational parameters such as illumination time, catalyst dose, initial concentration and pH of dye solutions on photodegradation by TiO2 have been analyzed. The degradation of the selected dyes followed pseudo-first order reaction according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model.

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Ishak, A., K. Dayana, and Mohamad Rusop. "Surface Morphology and Compositional Analysis of Undoped Amorphous Carbon Thin Films via Bias Assisted Pyrolysis-CVD." Advanced Materials Research 667 (March 2013): 468–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.667.468.

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Amorphous carbon (a:C) were successfully deposited on the silicon surfaces via bias assisted pyrolysis-CVD in the range between 350oC to 500oC with constant of negative bias -50V in 1 hour deposition. The heated of palm oil at about 150oC was vaporized then used for deposited onto p-type silicon substrates. The deposited thin films were characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscopic (FESEM), energy dispersive analyser x-ray (EDAX). We have found carbon element at about 0.15 keV from EDAX with surface morphology formed a nano-ball like structure at 450oC of palm oil precursor. These results indicated deformation of physical and structural thin films caused by applied negative bias and the temperature.

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Adam, A. M., P. Petkov, M. Ataalla, Haifa Alqannas, Bandar Alruqi, and Abeer Altowyan. "Structure, thermal and physic-chemical properties of some chalcogenide alloys." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2022): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci221001195a.

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Bulk products of crystalline Bi2Se3-xTex alloys (x =0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) were prepared using simple melting synthesis. Crystalline features, microstructure and surface morphologies of the synthesized samples were examined via x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer. Elemental distribution was studied by energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDAX) spectroscopy. Polycrystalline of rhombohedral crystal structure was observed for the concerned samples. Perfect crystallinity and micro-scalability of the prepared were also reflected by the physic-chemical properties of each sample. Thermal behavior was studied throughout differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis showing that the samples are of high stability over high temperature range. Physic-chemical properties were determined in terms of experimental density. These properties were compactness value, molar volume and the percentage of free volume. Density of Bi2Se3 alloy was obtained at 7.37 gm/cm3. Te doping enhanced the density of the Bi2Se3-xTex system. The most Te doped alloy showed density of 9.018 gm/cm3. All other physic-chemical properties showed strong dependence on the Tea amounts in the system.

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Tamilselvi, D., N. Velmani, K. Rathidevi, V. Geethalakshmi, and R. Nandhini. "Synthesis, characterization with optical property of Zn-O NPs using sol-gel route in alkaline medium." Journal of Optoelectronic and Biomedical Materials 14, no. 2 (April 2022): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/jobm.2022.142.69.

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Zn-O nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by sol-gel route using ZnSO4.7H2O as precursor in alkaline medium. Structural, morphological and optical property of Zn-O NPs was analyzed. Zn-O NPs were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectral (FTIR), UV-Visible spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX).XRD pattern shows the purity of synthesized Zn-O nanoparticles particle size. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations revealed remarkable change in morphological structure of Zn-O NPs. Analysis studies was confirmed, the functional groups and chemical bonding present in the synthesized Zn-O nanoparticles.

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Paul, Rima, and Apurba Krishna Mitra. "Photoluminescence from SWCNT/Cu Hybrid Nanostructure Synthesized by a Soft Chemical Route." ISRN Optics 2012 (January 17, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/732067.

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We report a simple wet chemical technique to coat single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with Cu nanoparticles. The SWCNT/Cu hybrid nanostructure has been characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) study, and Raman spectroscopy. Characteristic optical properties of the nanohybrid structure have been identified through UV-Vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. When excited by a radiation of 400 nm wavelength, PL emission in the visible range of 480–620 nm was observed due to charge transfer. This property may be exploited in photovoltaic cells, solar energy conversion, and sensor devices.

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Mariappan, R., V. Ponnuswamy, P. Jayamurugan, R. N. Jayaprakash, and R. Suresh. "Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Thin Films Using Nebulizer Spray Pyrolysis Technique." Indian Journal of Materials Science 2013 (November 24, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/516812.

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thin films have been deposited on glass substrates at substrate temperature 400°C through nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the films structure is changed from hexagonal to tetragonal. The high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) studies reveal that the substrate is well covered with a number of grains indicating compact morphology with an average grain size 50–79 nm. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) reveals the average ratio of the atomic percentage. Optical transmittance study shows the presence of direct transition. Band gap energy decreases from 3.33 to 2.87 eV with respect to the rise of Sn content. The electrical resistivity of the thin films was found to be 106 Ω-m.

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Simiari, Mehdi, Mehrdad Manteghian, and Malihe Ghashamshmi-Iraj. "Effect of Different Variables on the Size Distribution of Barium Chromate Nanoparticles." Modern Applied Science 11, no. 3 (December 7, 2016): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v11n3p32.

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In this study, the synthesis of BaCrO4 nanoparticles is performed by the reaction between Ba(NO3)2 and (NH4)2CrO4 in the presence of surfactant. Different analyses such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) are carried out to identify the features of nanoparticles. The tests are conducted in different concentrations of reactants and surfactants, and at the end, the results are compared. Optimum concentration is also measured and reported to achieve smaller nanoparticles. The results indicate that, in the synthesis of BaCrO4 nanoparticles, the best performance belongs to Sodium Citrate.

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ROSA, Mima Sales Loiola, Luís Antônio Oliveira NUNES, Ives Brian Campelo Leite SILVA, Francisco Cardaso FIGUEIREDO, and José Ribeiro dos SANTOS JUNIOR. "BIORREMEDIATION OF EMERGING POLLUTANTS WITH THE USE OF STRUCTURED MATERIALS." Periódico Tchê Química 14, no. 28 (August 20, 2017): 87–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v14.n28.2017.87_periodico28_pgs_87_104.pdf.

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Human activities in industry, transportation, agriculture and urbanization have been generating the release of emerging pollutants, in other words substances resistant especially in water bodies such as drugs, endocrine disruptors, heavy metals, textile dyes, chloride compounds, nitro phenols and pesticides. For the treatment of systems reached by these emerging pollutants, the bioremediation process has been used worldwide, and consists in using microorganisms that degrade pollutants. This process can be potentiated using structured materials that immobilize the microorganisms by physical or chemical adsorption and transports them to the pollutant. This review highlights the characterization of the structured immobilized or free materials by Scanning Electron Microscopies (SEM) and Transmission (TEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and the influence of the pH on immobilization and bioremediation processes.

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SINHA, O. P., RITU SRIVASTAVA, and T. SHRIPATHI. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CdS NANOCRYSTALLITES DISPERSED IN POLYMER MATRIX." Nano 05, no. 02 (April 2010): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292010001974.

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Cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanocrystallites were prepared by sulphuration route with capping in polyethylene oxide (PEO) polymer matrix. It is found that PEO could provide a confined environment for particle nucleation and growth of CdS nanocrystallites. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive analysis by X-ray (EDAX) studies confirms the presence of CdS nanocrystallites in polymer matrix. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) selected area diffraction (SAD) patterns show that these crystallites have hexagonal structure. The TEM and UV-Visible absorption studies indicate uniform size distribution having size around 2.3 nm and band gap of 2.7 eV. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies reveal that core level energy positions of the Cd is shifted towards the lower binding energy and has similar chemical environment to that of bulk CdS .

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Jain, S., K. Chandra, and V. Agarwala. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Vacuum Hot Pressed P/M Short Steel Fiber Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites." ISRN Materials Science 2014 (May 4, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/312908.

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Commercial purity aluminum powder of irregular shape and ligamental morphology having average particle size of 75 µm was blended with medium carbon steel short fibers having average diameter of 100 µm and maximum length up to 1000 µm. The green compacts of pure aluminum and reinforced compositions were hot-pressed in 10−3 torr vacuum, at 723 K, 773 K, and 823 K for 5, 10, and 15 min durations under 50 MPa axial stress on Gleeble 3800 simulator. Microstructures of the sintered composites have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The sintered compacts were characterized for densification behavior, hardness, and growth of FexAly reaction interface. Positive densification parameter was achieved for up to 10 wt.% reinforcement fraction. The maximum hardness of 51 Hv was achieved for 10 wt.% at 823 K for 15 min sintering time. The reaction interface was analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The reaction interface was found to be composed of Fe3Al, FeAl2, Fe2Al, Fe3Al, Fe4Al, Fe2Al5, and FeAl intermetallics. Growth of the reaction interface was diffusion-controlled which followed a nearly parabolic law with a rate constant of 1.41 × 10−12 m2 s−1 at 823 K.

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Hadfield, M. G., B. Smith, and v. Mumaw. "ENERGY DISPERSIVE X-RAY ANALYSIS (EDX) OF MINERALS IN BRAIN TUMORS." Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology 54, no. 3 (May 1995): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005072-199505000-00056.

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Santha, C., S. Sathishkumar, S. Sivakumar, C. Sridevi, and A. Kamaraj. "Osteogenic Differentiation, Antibacterial Activity and Biocompatibility of Zinc Oxide Minerals Substituted Hydroxyapatite Composite Coating on Titanium Alloy for Electrodeposition Technique." Asian Journal of Chemistry 32, no. 10 (2020): 2633–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22822.

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In present work, ZnO/Ce, Ag-HAP composite coating on titanium alloy is developed using electrodeposition technique. The surface characteristics of composite coatings were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The synthesized composite coatings showed the better antibacterial activity. in vitro Cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of the coatings was also studied by MC3T3-E1 human osteoblastic cell lines. The composite coating was found to be non-toxic against MC3T3-E1 cell lines at different incubation day proved the excellent bioactive of these coatings.

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YEOH, L. M., M. AHMAD, and R. ABD-SHUKOR. "EFFECT OF NANO Ag ADDITION ON THE SUPERCONDUCTING AND TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF YBa2Cu3O7-δ PREPARED BY SOL-GEL ROUTE." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 17 (July 10, 2008): 2741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208039836.

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The effect of nano size Ag addition on the YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ (Y-123) system has been investigated. 2–15% weight of nano size Ag was added to the Y-123 system prepared by using the sol-gel-solid-state method. The phase purity was investigated by the powder X-ray diffraction method. Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX) was used to determine the distribution of nano Ag in the samples, and the microstructure was observed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The transport critical current density was found to increase with increase in nano Ag content.

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Patil, S. M., and P. H. Pawar. "Nanocrystalline Hexagonal Shaped CdS Thin Films for Photoconducting Application." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 36 (July 2014): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.36.153.

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Nanocrystalline thin films of cadmium sulphide were prepared by chemical bath deposition technique onto glass substrate at 60 °C. The deposition parameters were optimized to obtain good quality of nanocrystalline thin films such as, time, precursor concentration, temperature of deposition and pH of the solution. The studies on crystal structure, composition, surface morphology, electrical conductivity and photoconductivity of the films were carried out by using different analytical technique. Characterization includes X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), Electrical and photoconductivity. The response and recovery time of the thin film were measured and presented.

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Patil, S. M., and P. H. Pawar. "Nanocrystalline Hexagonal Shaped CdS Thin Films for Photoconducting Application." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 36 (July 15, 2014): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-z75bnp.

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Nanocrystalline thin films of cadmium sulphide were prepared by chemical bath deposition technique onto glass substrate at 60 °C. The deposition parameters were optimized to obtain good quality of nanocrystalline thin films such as, time, precursor concentration, temperature of deposition and pH of the solution. The studies on crystal structure, composition, surface morphology, electrical conductivity and photoconductivity of the films were carried out by using different analytical technique. Characterization includes X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), Electrical and photoconductivity. The response and recovery time of the thin film were measured and presented.

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Statham, Peter J. "Measuring Performance of Energy-Dispersive X-ray Systems." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, no. 6 (December 1998): 605–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927698980588.

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As Si(Li) detector technology has matured, many of the fundamental problems have been addressed in the competition among manufacturers and there is now an expectation, implied by many textbooks, that all energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) detectors are made and will perform in the same way. Although there has been some convergence in Si(Li) systems and these are still the most common, manufacturing recipes still differ and there are many alternative EDX devices, such as microcalorimeters and room temperature detectors, that have both advantages and disadvantages over Si(Li). Rather than emphasizing differences in technologies, performance measures should reveal benefits relevant to the intended application. The instrument is inevitably going to be a “black box” of integrated components; this article reviews some of the methods that have been applied and introduces some new techniques that can be used to assess performance without resorting to complex software or sophisticated mathematical algorithms. Sensitivity, resolution, artefacts, and stability are discussed with particular application to compositional analysis using electron beam excitation of X-rays in the 100-eV to 10-keV energy region.

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Pandey, Geetanjali, Pratibha Sharma, Deepika Geedkar, and Ashok Kumar. "One-pot strategy to synthesize seven–membered 1,4-diazepine heterocyclic scaffolds assisted by zinc oxide nanoparticles as heterogeneous catalytic support system." Current Chemistry Letters 12, no. 1 (2023): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ccl.2022.9.004.

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The present paper elicits the zinc oxide nanoparticles-assisted synthesis of a new series of seven-membered 1,4-diazepine heterocyclic compounds as potent lead scaffolds. Structures of synthesized compounds were corroborated using spectroanalytical techniques viz, FT-IR, 1H, 13C NMR, Mass, and elemental analysis. Also, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to establish the structure and morphology of the synthesized nanocatalyst. The clean workup procedure, high to excellent yields, relatively short reaction times, and high atom economy are the incredible advantages associated with the protocol.

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Murali, G., D. Amaranatha Reddy, R. P. Vijayalakshmi, and R. Venugopal. "Structural and Optical Characteristics of Ni Doped ZnS Nanoparticles." Advanced Materials Research 678 (March 2013): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.678.159.

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Nanocrystalline ZnS and Ni doped ZnS powders were synthesized by a simple chemical co-precipitation method at room temperature using sodium sulfide and acetates of Zinc and Nickel. 2-Mercapto ethanol is used as a capping agent. Structural and optical properties of as prepared samples were characterized using X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Analysis using X-rays (EDAX) and Photoluminescence studies (PL). EDAX measurements confirmed the presence of Zn, Ni and S in the prepared samples. XRD analysis reveals that the Zn1-xNixS (x= 0.00 and 0.01) nanoparticles crystallized in zincblende structure. The average particle sizes of the nanoparticles are in the range of 2-3 nm. Shifting of photo luminescence peak to higher wavelength along with intensity quenching is observed for doped ZnS nanocrystals (NCs).

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Florea, Costel Dorel, Ioan Carcea, Ramona Cimpoesu, Stefan Lucian Toma, Ioan Gabriel Sandu, and Costica Bejinariu. "Experimental Analysis of Resistance to Electrocorosion of a High Chromium Cast Iron with Applications in the Vehicle Industry." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 10 (November 15, 2017): 2397–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.10.5893.

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We obtained a new Fe-C material, a cast iron with high chromium content. The experimental material was analyzed by microstructural (SEM electronic) and chemical (EDAX characteristic X-ray dispersive energy analysis) point of view. The addition of chromium is aimed to increase the corrosion resistance and durability of FC250 castings used on industrial scale in the manufacture of automotive brake discs. The material was obtained using an industrial scale furnace. The experimental results showed a substantial increase in corrosion resistance by the addition of chromium.

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Kanimozhi, S., Dhandapani Vishnushankar, and V. Veeravazhuthi. "Structural Properties of PbS Nanoparticles Prepared by Photo Chemical Synthesis." Advanced Materials Research 678 (March 2013): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.678.136.

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Lead sulfide (PbS) nanoparticles have been synthesized by photo chemical method and also in the dark ambient at room temperature. The pH of the solution is maintained by adding NaOH. The as-prepared PbS nanoparticles have been characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive Analysis of X-ray (EDAX) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). XRD studies reveal the crystalline nature of the particles. Grain size values are calculated using Scherrer’s formula and compared with the standard values. SEM picture shows a flower like structure in the sample synthesized at dark ambient, whereas the samples synthesized in light reveals the presence of varied nanostructures like nanorods, nanowires and nanoparticles. Size of the photo chemically synthesized PbS particles observed from TEM lies between 30nm to 60nm. From EDAX we conclude that the composition is nearly stoichiometric.

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Hoq, E., MRA Bhuiyan, and J. Begum. "Influence of thickness on the optical properties of Sb doped ZnO thin films." Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences 38, no. 1 (August 27, 2014): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v38i1.20217.

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Sb doped ZnO thin films having various thicknesses have been prepared onto glass substrate by using thermal evaporation method. The atomic compositions of the grown films have been determined by Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-ray (EDAX) method. The optical properties were measured by using a UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer (300 to 2500 nm). The EDAX analysis revealed that Sb is doped into the ZnO films. Optical properties showed high absorption coefficient (~105/cm) that direct allowed transition band gap. The optical band gap of the ZnO thin films became reduced due to the doping of Sb. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v38i1.20217 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 38, No. 1, 93-96, 2014

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Panse, V. R. "Characterizations of Spray Deposited CdTe Thin Film." YMER Digital 20, no. 11 (November 13, 2021): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer20.11/9.

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The spray pyrolysis is promising technique for deposition of CdTe thin film. We deposited CdTe thin film on glass substrate by homemade spray pyrolysis technique at substrate temperature 3000C. The CdTe thin film was characterized through Field scanning electron microscopy (FSEM), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), Uv-Visible spectroscopy. The SEM micrograph shows the film was uniform coverage, large number of densely packed grain whosesizes ranging from 474nm to 1.64µm. From EDAX analysis conform that the presenceof Cd and Te in prepared film with elemental stoichiometry of Cd and Se was 50.28% and 49.72% respectively. The optical absorption coefficient of the film of order of 106 and band gap of the film 1.45eV.

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Pathak, T. K., J. J. U. Buch, U. N. Trivedi, H. H. Joshi, and K. B. Modi. "Infrared Spectroscopy and Elastic Properties of Nanocrystalline Mg–Mn Ferrites Prepared by Co-Precipitation Technique." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 8 (August 1, 2008): 4181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.an33.

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Nanoparticles having particle size in the range 25–40 nm for compositions x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.5 of MgxMn1−xFe2O4 spinel ferrite system have been prepared by chemical co-precipitation route. The microstructure, infrared spectral and elastic properties have been studied by means of energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopic (IR) measurements, before (W) and after high temperature annealing A(W). The force constants for tetrahedral and octahedral sites determined by infrared spectral analysis, lattice constant and X-ray density values by X-ray diffraction pattern analysis; have been used to calculate elastic constants. The magnitude of force constant and elastic moduli for nanocrystalline W-samples are found to be larger as compared to coarse grained A(W)-samples. The results have been explained in the light of redistribution of cations and as a result change in mean ionic charge for such cationic sites, elastic energy and grain size reduction effect of Nanoparticles.

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Huh, PilHo, and Seong-Cheol Kim. "Nanostructured ZnO Arrays with Self-ZnO Layer Created Using Simple Electrostatic Layer-by-Layer Assembly." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/131672.

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Formation of unique ZnO nanoarrays utilizing photodynamic polymer, surface-relief grating structures, and unique electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly as a simple and economical methodology was demonstrated. Atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis were employed to characterize elemental composition and morphology of the resulting ZnO nanostructures with self-ZnO layer. Optical behavior of the final product was studied by UV-vis-NIR absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra.

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Khan, M. Adam, S. Sundarrajan, and S. Natarajan. "Hot corrosion behaviour of Super 304H for marine applications at elevated temperatures." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 64, no. 5 (September 4, 2017): 508–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-04-2015-1528.

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Purpose The aim of this paper is to study the hot corrosion behaviour of super 304H stainless steel for marine applications. Design/methodology/approach The investigation was carried out with three different combinations of salt mixture (Na2SO4, NaCl and V2O5) at two different temperatures (800 and 900°C). Findings The spalling and growth of oxide layer was observed more with the presence of V2O5 in the salt mixture at 900°C during experimentation than what was observed in 800°C. The mass change per unit area is calculated to study the corrosion kinetics and also the influence of salt mixture. Further, the samples are analysed through materials characterisation techniques using optical image, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The presence of V2O5 in the salt mixture was the most important influencing species for accelerating hot corrosion. Originality/value SEM, EDAX and XRD analysis confirmed the formation of Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 at 900°C showing contribution in corrosion protection.

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Kandaswamy, K., Panneerselvam Chirstopher Selvin, B. Nalini, I. Mohamed Abdulla, and K. P. Abhilash. "Structural and Optical Properties of Thermally Evaporated BiSb₂S₃ Thin Films." Advanced Materials Research 678 (March 2013): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.678.123.

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Thin films of Bi1.5(Sb2S3)0.5of different thickness were deposited on glass substrate by vacuum thermal evaporation method and annealed at different temperature. The elemental compositions of the films were confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The prepared films were structurally and morphologically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microscopic (SEM & AFM) techniques respectively. It has been confirmed that the films possess polycrystalline nature with orthorhombic phase and the grain size of the films vary from 27.92 to 81.37 nm. The observed bandgap energies (varying from 1.787eV to 1.963 eV) of the films and its temperature dependence were estimated from optical absorption measurements.

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Škorić, Branko, D. Kakaš, G. Favato, A. Miletić, and M. Arsenovic. "Duplex Hard Coatings with Aditional Ion Implantation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 157-158 (February 2012): 1320–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.157-158.1320.

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In this paper, we present the results of a study of TiN thin films which are deposited by a Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) and Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD). In the present investigation the subsequent ion implantation was provided with N2+ ions. The ion implantation was applied to enhance the mechanical properties of surface. The thin film deposition process exerts a number of effects such as crystallographic orientation, morphology, topography, densification of the films.. A variety of analytic techniques were used for characterization, such as scratch test, calo test, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX).

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Gujarati, Vivek P., M. P. Deshpande, Kamakshi Patel, and S. H. Chaki. "Comparative Study of Nonlinear Semi-Organic Crystals: Glycine Sodium Nitrate." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 61 (November 2015): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.61.12.

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Glycine Sodium Nitrate (GSN) crystals were grown using slow evaporation technique at ambient temperature. Good quality crystals were obtained in the time interval of 5-6 weeks. Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX) and CHN analysis were carried out to check the purity of the grown crystals. Surface morphologies, smoothness and defects were observed by scanning electron microscope. GSN crystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and indexing was done based on monoclinic system. UV-Vis study of the crystals showed that there is a wide range of transparency in the visible region. We also studied Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectra of GSN crystals. The results and their implications are discussed in the paper in detail.

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Gujarati, Vivek P., M. P. Deshpande, Kamakshi Patel, and S. H. Chaki. "Comparative Study of Nonlinear Semi-Organic Crystals: Glycine Sodium Nitrate." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 61 (November 3, 2015): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-l579y2.

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Glycine Sodium Nitrate (GSN) crystals were grown using slow evaporation technique at ambient temperature. Good quality crystals were obtained in the time interval of 5-6 weeks. Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX) and CHN analysis were carried out to check the purity of the grown crystals. Surface morphologies, smoothness and defects were observed by scanning electron microscope. GSN crystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and indexing was done based on monoclinic system. UV-Vis study of the crystals showed that there is a wide range of transparency in the visible region. We also studied Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectra of GSN crystals. The results and their implications are discussed in the paper in detail.

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Raviteja, K., N. Sreelekha, D. Amaranatha Reddy, R. P. Vijayalakshmi, and K. Subramanyam. "Structural and Photoluminescence Characteristics of Cu Doped CdS Nanoparticles." Advanced Science Letters 24, no. 8 (August 1, 2018): 5657–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.12170.

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EDTA surfactant assisted bare and Cu doped CdS nanoparticles were prepared by simple chemical coprecipitation method. As the prepared samples were characterized by energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). Existence of Cu in host lattice with near stoichiometric ratio was corroborated by EDAX spectra. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that cubic structure as that of CdS host lattice. TEM images suggested that spherical nature of nanoparticles with a size ranging from 4–6 nm. Room temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra revealed that pristine host lattice nanoparticles demonstrate a strong green emission peak located at 525 nm as well as weak red emission shoulder situated at 598 nm. Auxiliary in Cu doped CdS samples, the luminescence intensity was gradually reduced as well as the green emission peak was shifted to red region (660 nm). With increase of Cu content in host matrix a red shift is found in the PL emission peak.

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Rock, Michael E., Vern Kennedy, Bhaskar Deodhar, and Thomas G. Stoebe. "A morphological and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) investigation of separator-grade cellophane." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 52 (1994): 430–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100169882.

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Cellophane is a composite polymer material, made up of regenerated cellulose (usually derived from wood pulp) which has been chemically transformed into "viscose", then formed into a (1 mil thickness) transparent sheet through an extrusion process. Although primarily produced for the food industry, cellophane's use as a separator material in the silver-zinc secondary battery system has proved to be another important market. We examined 14 samples from five producers of cellophane, which are being evaluated as the separator material for a silver/zinc alkaline battery system in an autonomous underwater target vehicle. Our intent was to identify structural and/or chemical differences between samples which could be related to the functional differences seen in the lifetimes of these various battery separators. The unused cellophane samples were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Cellophane samples were cross sectioned (125-150 nm) using a diamond knife on a RMC MT-6000 ultramicrotome. Sections were examined in a Philips 430-T TEM at 200 kV. Analysis included morphological characterization, and EDS (for chemical composition). EDS was performed using an EDAX windowless detector.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Energy Dispersive Analysis X-ray (EDAX)'

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