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Journal articles on the topic 'Energy curtailment'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Kim, Jeong-Hwan, Iseul Nam, Sungwoo Kang, and Seungmin Jung. "Development of an Optimized Curtailment Scheme through Real-Time Simulation." Energies 15, no. 3 (January 31, 2022): 1074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15031074.

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When a lot of surplus power occurs in wind power system, an output limit is implemented to directly or indirectly curtail the output to maintain a balance between the supply and demand of the power system. The curtailment process of a large-scale wind farm causes loss of power and mechanical loads. Resultantly, imbalanced curtailments often occur, resulting in unilateral burdens for the owners of wind farms. Considering the curtailment issue, the study for minimizing system loss of power plants is required in terms of operational efficiency. This paper proposes an algorithm to achieve flexible control during the actual power curtailment process in a wind farm, considering the wake effect. Here, the Monte Carlo method was adopted to calculate the curtailment weight in wind farms by using power loss terms. In addition, an equivalent model of a real wind farm was implemented and simulated through real simulation computer-aided design (RSCAD) software. This paper verified the effectiveness of the proposed method by applying the curtailment communication signal to a real-time digital simulator (RTDS). The results showed a reduction in the computational loading of individual wind turbine curtailment values with the decline of the total effective power loss.
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2

Park, Woan-Ho, Hamza Abunima, Mark B. Glick, and Yun-Su Kim. "Energy Curtailment Scheduling MILP Formulation for an Islanded Microgrid with High Penetration of Renewable Energy." Energies 14, no. 19 (September 23, 2021): 6038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196038.

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The efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) cells has improved significantly in the last decade, making PV generation a common feature of the sustainable microgrid. As the PV-powered microgrid reaches high penetrations of intermittent PV power, optimum scheduling of over-production is necessary to minimize energy curtailment. Failure to include an accurate assessment of curtailed energy costs in the scheduling process increases wasted energy. Moreover, applying an objective function without considering the cost coefficients results in an inefficient concentration of curtailed power in a specific time interval. In this study, we provide an optimization method for scheduling the microgrid assets to evenly distribute curtailment over the entire daily period of PV generation. Each of the curtailment intervals established in our optimization model features the application of different cost coefficients. In the final step, curtailment costs are added to the objective function. The proposed cost minimization algorithm preferentially selects intervals with low curtailment costs to prevent the curtailment from being concentrated at a specific time. By inducing even distribution of curtailment, this novel optimization methodology has the potential to improve the cost-effectiveness of the PV-powered microgrid
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3

Bunodiere, Alex, and Han Soo Lee. "Renewable Energy Curtailment: Prediction Using a Logic-Based Forecasting Method and Mitigation Measures in Kyushu, Japan." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 9, 2020): 4703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184703.

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High variable renewable energy (VRE) penetration led to the first-ever VRE curtailment in Japan, occurring in Kyushu in October 2018. Since then, there has been an average of 3% solar curtailment, with a peak of 13.7% in April 2019, resulting in approximately ¥9.6 billion of wasted energy. The VRE curtailment is expected to worsen as VRE penetration continues to increase along with nuclear energy increment in line with Japan’s 2030 energy goals. To prevent this curtailment and increase energy stability, a novel, logic-based forecasting method using hourly supply/demand data was developed. Initially, inaccurate results were returned; however, after several rounds of calibration that adjusted the quartile value of the max/min operating windows, the overall accuracy of this method was increased to 97% of real curtailment. This calibrated model was then used to test several curtailment mitigation scenarios. Some scenarios increased curtailment, while the two most successful scenarios, which reduced the installed nuclear capacity either seasonally or totally, limited curtailment by 95% and 97%, respectively. Another scenario with increased grid interconnection between regions reduced curtailment by 79%. Moreover, it would provide other benefits by unifying the national grid thereby increasing disaster resistance, reducing curtailment, improving grid flexibility and allowing for higher VRE penetrations. Currently, the situation is worsening, and some actions are required to reduce the curtailment and to achieve its 2030 energy goals in Japan. The mitigation measures studied by the logic method could be recommended to be referred to.
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4

Padhee, Malhar, and Rajesh Karki. "Bulk system reliability impacts of forced wind energy curtailment." AIMS Energy 6, no. 3 (2018): 505–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2018.3.505.

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5

Burke, Daniel J., and Mark J. O'Malley. "Factors Influencing Wind Energy Curtailment." IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 2, no. 2 (April 2011): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tste.2011.2104981.

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6

Zhang, Xuehan, Yongju Son, and Sungyun Choi. "Optimal Scheduling of Battery Energy Storage Systems and Demand Response for Distribution Systems with High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources." Energies 15, no. 6 (March 17, 2022): 2212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15062212.

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The penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) is increasing in modern power systems. However, the uncertainties of RESs pose challenges to distribution system operations, such as RES curtailment. Demand response (DR) and battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are flexible countermeasures for distribution-system operators. In this context, this study proposes an optimization model that considers DR and BESSs and develops a simulation analysis platform representing a medium-sized distribution system with high penetration of RESs. First, BESSs and DR were employed to minimize the total expenses of the distribution system operation, where the BESS model excluding binary state variables was adopted. Second, a simulation platform based on a modified IEEE 123 bus system was developed via MATLAB/Simulink for day-ahead scheduling analysis of the distribution system with a high penetration of RESs. The simulation results indicate the positive effects of DR implementation, BESS deployment, and permission for electricity sales to the upper utility on decreasing RES curtailment and distribution system operation costs. Noticeably, the RES curtailments became zero with the permission of bidirectional power flow. In addition, the adopted BESS model excluding binary variables was also validated. Finally, the effectiveness of the developed simulation analysis platform for day-ahead scheduling was demonstrated.
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7

Shi, Linjun, Fan Yang, Yang Li, Tao Zheng, Feng Wu, and Kwang Y. Lee. "Optimal Configuration of Electrochemical Energy Storage for Renewable Energy Accommodation Based on Operation Strategy of Pumped Storage Hydro." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (August 7, 2022): 9713. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159713.

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Due to the volatility of renewable energy resources (RES) and the lag of power grid construction, grid integration of large-scale RES will lead to the curtailment of wind and photovoltaic power. Pumped storage hydro (PSH) and electrochemical energy storage (EES), as common energy storage, have unique advantages in accommodating renewable energy. This paper studies the optimal configuration of EES considering the optimal operation strategy of PSH, reducing the curtailment of wind and photovoltaic power in the power grid through the cooperative work of PSH and EES. First, based on the curtailment of RES, with the goal of improving the accommodation of RES, a combined operation optimization model of PSH and EES is proposed. Then, an optimal configuration method of EES capacity is proposed to meet the power curtailment rate in the power grid. Finally, the simulation is carried out in the actual power grid and the CPLEX solver is used to solve the optimization, and the rationality and economy of the optimization are analyzed and discussed. The simulation results show that, based on the combined operation of PSH and EES, by rationally configuring the capacity of EES, the desired power curtailment rate of the power grid can be achieved, and the necessity of configuring variable speed units is verified.
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8

Canbulat, Seda, Kutlu Balci, Onder Canbulat, and I. Safak Bayram. "Techno-Economic Analysis of On-Site Energy Storage Units to Mitigate Wind Energy Curtailment: A Case Study in Scotland." Energies 14, no. 6 (March 18, 2021): 1691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061691.

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Wind energy plays a major role in decarbonisation of the electricity sector and supports achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions. Over the last decade, the wind energy deployments have grown steadily, accounting for more than one fourth of the annual electricity generation in countries like the United Kingdom, Denmark, and Germany. However, as the share of wind energy increases, system operators face challenges in managing excessive wind generation due to its nondispatchable nature. Currently, the most common practice is wind energy curtailment in which wind farm operators receive constraint payments to reduce their renewable energy production. This practice not only leads to wastage of large volumes of renewable energy, but also the associated financial cost is reflected to rate payers in the form of increased electricity bills. On-site energy storage technologies come to the forefront as a technology option to minimise wind energy curtailment and to harness wind energy in a more efficient way. To that end, this paper, first, systematically evaluates different energy storage options for wind energy farms. Second, a depth analysis of curtailment and constraint payments of major wind energy farms in Scotland are presented. Third, using actual wind and market datasets, a techno-economic analysis is conducted to examine the relationship between on-site energy storage size and the amount of curtailment. The results show that, similar to recent deployments, lithium-ion technology is best suited for on-site storage. As case studies, Whitelee and Gordon bush wind farms in Scotland are chosen. The most suitable storage capacities for 20 years payback period is calculated as follows: (i) the storage size for the Gordonbush wind farm is 100 MWh and almost 19% of total curtailment can be avoided and (ii) the storage size for the Whitlee farm is 125 MWh which can reduce the curtailment by 20.2%. The outcomes of this study will shed light into analysing curtailment reduction potential of future wind farms including floating islands, seaports, and other floating systems.
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Lee, Jinyeong, Jaehee Lee, and Young-Min Wi. "Impact of Revised Time of Use Tariff on Variable Renewable Energy Curtailment on Jeju Island." Electronics 10, no. 2 (January 10, 2021): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10020135.

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Jeju Island announced the “Carbon Free Island (CFI) Plan by 2030” in 2012. This plan aims to replace conventional generators with distributed energy resources (DERs) up to a level of 70% by 2030. Akin to Jeju Island, as DERs have been expanded in islanded power systems, variable renewable energy (VRE) has become a significant component of DERs. However, VRE curtailment can occur to meet power balance, and VRE curtailment generally causes energy waste and low efficiency, so it should be minimized. This paper first presents a systematic procedure for estimating the annual VRE curtailment for the stable operation of the islanded power systems. In this procedure, the VRE curtailment is estimated based on the power demand, the grid interconnection, the capacity factor of VRE, and conventional generators in the base year. Next, through the analysis of the hourly net load profile for the year in which the VRE curtailment is expected to occur, a procedure was proposed to find the season and hour when VRE curtailment occurs the most. It could be applied to revised Time-of-Use (ToU) tariff rates as the most cost-effective mitigation method of VRE curtailment on the retail market-side. Finally, price elasticity of electricity demand was presented for applying the revised ToU tariff rate scenarios in a specific season and hour, which found that VRE curtailment occurred the most. Considering self- and cross-price elasticity of electricity, revised ToU tariff rate scenarios were used in a case study on Jeju Island. Eventually, it was confirmed that VRE curtailment could be mitigated when the revised ToU tariff rates were applied, considering the price elasticity of demand.
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10

Lee, Jinyeong, Jaehee Lee, and Young-Min Wi. "Impact of Revised Time of Use Tariff on Variable Renewable Energy Curtailment on Jeju Island." Electronics 10, no. 2 (January 10, 2021): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10020135.

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Jeju Island announced the “Carbon Free Island (CFI) Plan by 2030” in 2012. This plan aims to replace conventional generators with distributed energy resources (DERs) up to a level of 70% by 2030. Akin to Jeju Island, as DERs have been expanded in islanded power systems, variable renewable energy (VRE) has become a significant component of DERs. However, VRE curtailment can occur to meet power balance, and VRE curtailment generally causes energy waste and low efficiency, so it should be minimized. This paper first presents a systematic procedure for estimating the annual VRE curtailment for the stable operation of the islanded power systems. In this procedure, the VRE curtailment is estimated based on the power demand, the grid interconnection, the capacity factor of VRE, and conventional generators in the base year. Next, through the analysis of the hourly net load profile for the year in which the VRE curtailment is expected to occur, a procedure was proposed to find the season and hour when VRE curtailment occurs the most. It could be applied to revised Time-of-Use (ToU) tariff rates as the most cost-effective mitigation method of VRE curtailment on the retail market-side. Finally, price elasticity of electricity demand was presented for applying the revised ToU tariff rate scenarios in a specific season and hour, which found that VRE curtailment occurred the most. Considering self- and cross-price elasticity of electricity, revised ToU tariff rate scenarios were used in a case study on Jeju Island. Eventually, it was confirmed that VRE curtailment could be mitigated when the revised ToU tariff rates were applied, considering the price elasticity of demand.
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11

Liere-Netheler, Ingo, Frank Schuldt, Karsten von Maydell, and Carsten Agert. "Simulation of Incidental Distributed Generation Curtailment to Maximize the Integration of Renewable Energy Generation in Power Systems." Energies 13, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 4173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164173.

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Power system security is increasingly endangered due to novel power flow situations caused by the growing integration of distributed generation. Consequently, grid operators are forced to request the curtailment of distributed generators to ensure the compliance with operational limits more often. This research proposes a framework to simulate the incidental amount of renewable energy curtailment based on load flow analysis of the network. Real data from a 110 kV distribution network located in Germany are used to validate the proposed framework by implementing best practice curtailment approaches. Furthermore, novel operational concepts are investigated to improve the practical implementation of distributed generation curtailment. Specifically, smaller curtailment level increments, coordinated selection methods, and an extension of the n-1 security criterion are analyzed. Moreover, combinations of these concepts are considered to depict interdependencies between several operational aspects. The results quantify the potential of the proposed concepts to improve established grid operation practices by minimizing distributed generation curtailment and, thus, maximizing power system integration of renewable energies. In particular, the extension of the n-1 criterion offers significant potential to reduce curtailment by up to 94.8% through a more efficient utilization of grid capacities.
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12

Maharjan, Manisha, Ujjwol Tamrakar, Zhen Ni, Bishnu Bhattarai, and Reinaldo Tonkoski. "Overvoltage Prevention and Curtailment Reduction Using Adaptive Droop-Based Supplementary Control in Smart Inverters." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (August 27, 2021): 7900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11177900.

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Recent developments in the renewable energy sector have seen an unprecedented growth in residential photovoltaic (PV) installations. However, high PV penetration levels often lead to overvoltage problems in low-voltage (LV) distribution feeders. Smart inverter control such as active power curtailment (APC)-based overvoltage control can be implemented to overcome these challenges. The APC technique utilizes a constant droop-based approach which curtails power rigidly, which can lead to significant energy curtailment in the LV distribution feeders. In this paper, different variations of the APC technique with linear, quadratic, and exponential droops have been analyzed from the point-of-view of energy curtailment for a LV distribution network in North America. Further, a combinatorial approach using various droop-based APC methods in conjunction with adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) as a supplementary control scheme has also been proposed. The proposed approach minimizes energy curtailment in the LV distribution network by adjusting the droop gains. Simulation results depict that ADP in conjunction with exponential droop reduces the energy curtailment to approximately 50% compared to using the standard linear droop.
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13

Zhou, Xiaohang, Jian Liu, Mozhi Ding, Huating Zhu, Mingqi Xu, and Qinmiao Li. "Combined optimization of electric heater-heat tank aggregation for wind curtailment." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2351, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2351/1/012008.

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As the penetration of renewable generation such as wind and solar continues to grow in power systems, system operation calls for curtailment of excess amount of renewable generation. In this regard, an integrated energy system (IES) can be utilized to optimize curtailment. This paper proposes the Electric Heater-Heat Tank Aggregation (EHHTA) as an IES, also an energy coupling device that combines electricity power with heat energy, to deal with redundant wind power curtailment. A combined optimization model was developed in this paper, which incorporates mathematical models of the energy resources. The simulation was carried out based on the practical data in the case study, where the coordinated control of EHHTA and thermal generators from the optimization model was proven to be effective in mitigating wind power curtailment.
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14

Lee, Changgun, Seunghyuk Im, Jaeyeop Jung, and Byongjun Lee. "BESS Deployment Strategy in Jeju Carbon-Free Islands for Reducing Renewable Energy Curtailment." Energies 13, no. 22 (November 20, 2020): 6082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13226082.

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Renewable energy curtailment often occurs to accommodate large amounts of renewable energy sources in power systems while maintaining system stability and reliability. Widely known methods, such as new transmission line construction, the introduction of demand-side resources, and the reduction of conventional generator output, can minimize the occurrence of curtailment; however, there are difficulties in introducing them because of social and economic problems. For these problems, the Jeju power system adopted a battery energy storage system (BESS) resource to mitigate the curtailment and secure frequency stability with the high penetration of renewable energy. The small-size Jeju island power system is operated with reliability must-run (RMR) units and high-voltage direct current (HVDC) lines connected to the mainland. Since the number of RMR units contributes to frequency stability by providing inertia, reducing the number of operating units for curtailment mitigation is difficult. Therefore, in this paper, based on the current “Carbon-Free island” policy and operation plan of the Jeju power system, we proposed a BESS for reducing the number of RMR units, observe the effect of reducing curtailment using the BESS, and suggest a practical operation plan to reduce the number of RMR units under conditions that secure frequency stability.
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15

Ma, Qiumei, Yawei Zhao, Changming Ji, Yanke Zhang, and Bo Ming. "Electricity Curtailment Cost Coupled to Operation Model Facilitates Clean Energy Accommodation in Grid-Connected System." Energies 14, no. 10 (May 13, 2021): 2802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102802.

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Electricity transmission in a grid-connected system provides an effective solution to promoting clean energy accommodation. However, with arbitrary determination in current operation models, the clean energy utilization ratio (CEUR) is not satisfactory largely due to the lack of electricity curtailment (the electricity equivalent of clean energy curtailment) cost-dependent optimization. In this study, a curtailment cost-dependent multi-objective operation (CCMO) model was proposed to complementarily operate a grid-connected hybrid energy system, identify optimal CEUR, and thus maximally reduce electricity curtailment. The CCMO model centers on coupling the punishment cost of electricity curtailment with the multi-objective function defined as the total cost of each grid component. The CCMO model was solved to derive the optimal equilibrium solution determined based on multiple non-dominated solutions. A grid-connected hybrid energy system including the Yunnan, Guangdong, and Guangxi Power Grids was used to test the model performance. The results showed that the CCMO model’s CEUR was up to 100% at hourly scale and 96.9% on daily average, which were both significantly higher than those in the current operation models. Furthermore, the CCMO’s optimal equilibrium solution, i.e., respective minimum total cost of each grid component, can also identify optimal transmission schemes of the daily channel utilization to make the peak utilization hours largest.
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16

Duerr, Adam E., Amy E. Parsons, Laura R. Nagy, Michael J. Kuehn, and Peter H. Bloom. "Effectiveness of an artificial intelligence-based system to curtail wind turbines to reduce eagle collisions." PLOS ONE 18, no. 1 (January 26, 2023): e0278754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278754.

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Operating wind-power projects often includes protecting volant wildlife. One method for doing this uses an automated system to detect, identify (through use of artificial intelligence; AI), track animals (targets) and curtail turbines when risk of a collision is high. However, assessments of the effectiveness, in terms of identification accuracy and subsequent turbine curtailment of such systems are lacking. Over 1 year, we assessed such an automated system installed at a wind project in California, USA to determine its identification accuracy and rates at which "virtual” curtailments were ordered (without slowing turbines), for eagles (intended targets) and non-eagle targets. The system correctly identified 77% of eagles and 85% of non-eagles. Curtailment orders occurred 6 times more frequently for non-eagle targets (5,439) than for eagle targets (850). Greater abundance of common ravens that were misidentified as eagles influenced the effectiveness of the system by greatly increasing unintended curtailment orders. The balance between costs (price of the IdentiFlight system, reduced energy generation, turbine wear and maintenance) and benefits (reduced collisions between intended target species and turbines) may depend upon the biological setting, speed at which operators can curtail turbines, and the objectives of the operator when considering the IdentiFlight system.
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17

Tajiri, Eri, Eiichi Yoshimura, Yoichi Hatamoto, Hideki Shiratsuchi, Shigeho Tanaka, and Seiya Shimoda. "Acute Sleep Curtailment Increases Sweet Taste Preference, Appetite and Food Intake in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Crossover Trial." Behavioral Sciences 10, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs10020047.

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This study aimed to examine the effect of acute sleep curtailment on sweet taste preference, appetite and food intake, and the correlation between food intake and sweet taste preference or active ghrelin using a randomized crossover design (5 h sleep curtailment vs. 8 h control). Twenty-four participants (11 men) aged 21.4 ± 1.0 years, with BMI 19.8 ± 1.7 kg/m2, who habitually slept 5 h/night or more experienced interventions lasting three consecutive nights. Participants came into the laboratory for testing on day 4. Fasting blood tests were conducted at 8:00 a.m. to measure active ghrelin and leptin levels. Sweet taste preference was assessed by presenting five different concentration sucrose solutions at 9:00 a.m. Ad libitum intake at breakfast was assessed for 30 min from 9:30 a.m. Sweet taste preference was higher following sleep curtailment than control. Active ghrelin was likewise higher following sleep curtailment than control. Leptin did not differ between conditions. Energy intake was higher following sleep curtailment than control, being derived primarily from carbohydrates. However, sweet taste preference and active ghrelin did not correlate with energy intake. These results suggest that acute consecutive sleep curtailment increases sweet taste preference, active ghrelin, and energy intake in healthy young adults.
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18

Watarikawa, Masanori. "Energy Curtailment at Mishima Mill, Daio Paper." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 58, no. 6 (2004): 780–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.58.780.

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19

Henriot, Arthur. "Economic curtailment of intermittent renewable energy sources." Energy Economics 49 (May 2015): 370–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2015.03.002.

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20

Guo, Zhongjie, Wei Wei, Maochun Wang, Jian Li, Shaowei Huang, Laijun Chen, and Shengwei Mei. "Characterizing and Visualizing the Impact of Energy Storage on Renewable Energy Curtailment in Bulk Power Systems." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (January 26, 2021): 1135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031135.

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The uncertain natures of renewable energy lead to its underutilization; energy storage unit (ESU) is expected to be one of the most promising solutions to this issue. This paper evaluates the impact of ESUs on renewable energy curtailment. For any fixed renewable power output, the evaluation model minimizes the total amount of curtailment and is formulated as a mixed integer linear program (MILP) with the complementarity constraints on the charging and discharging behaviors of ESUs; by treating the power and energy capacities of ESUs as parameters, the MILP is transformed into a multi-parametric MILP (mp-MILP), whose optimal value function (OVF) explicitly maps the parameters to the renewable energy curtailment. Further, given the inexactness of uncertainty’s probability distribution, a distributionally robust mp-MILP (DR-mp-MILP) is proposed that considers the worst distribution in a neighborhood of the empirical distribution built by the representative scenarios. The DR-mp-MILP has a max–min form and is reformed as a canonical mp-MILP by duality theory. The proposed method was validated on the modified IEEE nine-bus systems; the parameterized OVFs provide insightful suggestions on storage sizing.
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21

Jiang, Jiheng, Ying Qiao, Zongxiang Lu, Liang Ran, Ming Ma, Jin Li, and Feng Wang. "Probabilistic evaluation of renewable energy curtailment under forward electricity market." E3S Web of Conferences 182 (2020): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018202005.

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Forward electricity market has emerged as a pivotal section for the electricity transaction to keep stakeholders away from price risk and electricity shortage. But the forward contract of conventional unit partially limits the unit output before operation, leading to the curtailed generation share of renewable energy source (RES). Modeling and assessing this impact is of great significance for system planning and market supervision. The central thesis of this paper is to find out the impact of forward market on RES curtailment. A probabilistic evaluation model for RES accommodation is proposed, taking the curtailment rate as a main evaluation index. We mainly research financial contract and physical contract, modeling the impact of them on thermal unit minimum load capacity and power load in evaluation model. The simulation is conducted in a simplified system, which reveals the change of RES curtailment with renege penalty, contract price and execution generation curve.
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22

Szczygiel, Edward J., Sungeun Cho, and Robin M. Tucker. "The Effect of Sleep Curtailment on Hedonic Responses to Liquid and Solid Food." Foods 8, no. 10 (October 10, 2019): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8100465.

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It is currently unclear whether changes in sweet taste perception of model systems after sleep curtailment extend to complex food matrices. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to use a novel solid oat-based food (crisps) and oat-based beverage stimulus sweetened with sucralose to assess changes in taste perception after sleep curtailment. Forty-one participants recorded a habitual and curtailed night of sleep using a single-channel electroencephalograph. The next morning, overall sweetness, flavor, and texture liking responses to energy- and nutrient-matched oat products across five concentrations of sweetness were measured. Overall (p = 0.047) and flavor (p = 0.017) liking slopes across measured concentrations were steeper after curtailment, suggesting that sweeter versions of the oat products were liked more after sleep curtailment. Additionally, a hierarchical cluster analysis was used to classify sweet likers and non-likers. While the effect of sleep curtailment on sweet liking did not differ between sweet liking classification categories, sleep curtailment resulted in decreased texture liking in the solid oat crisps for sweet non-likers (p < 0.001), but not in the oat beverage. These findings illustrate the varied effects of sleep on hedonic response in complex food matrices and possible mechanisms by which insufficient sleep can lead to sensory-moderated increases in energy intake.
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23

Hayes, Mark A., Lauren A. Hooton, Karen L. Gilland, Chuck Grandgent, Robin L. Smith, Stephen R. Lindsay, Jason D. Collins, et al. "A smart curtailment approach for reducing bat fatalities and curtailment time at wind energy facilities." Ecological Applications 29, no. 4 (April 2, 2019): e01881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eap.1881.

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24

Bang, Hyeongpil, Dwi Riana Aryani, and Hwachang Song. "Application of Battery Energy Storage Systems for Relief of Generation Curtailment in Terms of Transient Stability." Energies 14, no. 13 (June 29, 2021): 3898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133898.

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Maintaining transient stability is crucial in power system operation. Transient stability is mainly affected by the generation amount of the study region, as well as the transmission topology. Several countermeasures can be taken for transient stability, but the usually used control means are generating unit tripping and generation curtailment. In terms of economic operation, one can say that the solution of generating unit tripping is more beneficial. To maintain the transient stability of the east coast region in the Korean power system, applying generation curtailment in the normal state is further needed, because the required tripping amount is too large for the case of only taking generator tripping, and this might cause a critical decrease in system frequency, possibly resulting in operation of the first stage of under frequency relay (UFR). This paper presents the application of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) to relieve the generation curtailment, using the characteristic of fast response of BESS. Assuming that BESSs are installed in the candidate location in the study region, the adequate BESS action of absorbing the kinetic energy from those critical generators after disturbances can improve transient stability, and it can decrease the amount of generation curtailment. This paper includes the results of simulation studies to show the effectiveness of the BESS control for the relief of generation curtailment.
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Sedzro, Kwami Senam A., Kelsey Horowitz, Akshay K. Jain, Fei Ding, Bryan Palmintier, and Barry Mather. "Evaluating the Curtailment Risk of Non-Firm Utility-Scale Solar Photovoltaic Plants under a Novel Last-In First-Out Principle of Access Interconnection Agreement." Energies 14, no. 5 (March 8, 2021): 1463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14051463.

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With the increasing share of distributed energy resources on the electric grid, utility companies are facing significant decisions about infrastructure upgrades. An alternative to extensive and capital-intensive upgrades is to offer non-firm interconnection opportunities to distributed generators, via a coordinated operation of utility scale resources. This paper introduces a novel flexible interconnection option based on the last-in, first-out principles of access aimed at minimizing the unnecessary non-firm generation energy curtailment by balancing access rights and contribution to thermal overloads. Although we focus on solar photovoltaic (PV) plants in this work, the introduced flexible interconnection option applies to any distributed generation technology. The curtailment risk of individual non-firm PV units is evaluated across a range of PV penetration levels in a yearlong quasi-static time-series simulation on a real-world feeder. The results show the importance of the size of the curtailment zone in the curtailment risk distribution among flexible generation units as well as that of the “access right” defined by the order in which PV units connect to the grid. Case study results reveal that, with a proper selection of curtailment radius, utilities can reduce the total curtailment of flexible PV resources by up to more than 45%. Findings show that non-firm PV generators can effectively avoid all thermal limit-related upgrade costs.
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Denholm, Paul, and Trieu Mai. "Timescales of energy storage needed for reducing renewable energy curtailment." Renewable Energy 130 (January 2019): 388–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.06.079.

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Geerts, Robbe, Frédéric Vandermoere, Hanne Dallenes, and Raf Vanderstraeten. "Crowding-In and Crowding-Out. Studying the Relationship between Sustainable Citizenship and Political Activism in Flanders." Societies 12, no. 5 (August 24, 2022): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc12050121.

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This study examines whether pro-environmental behavior crowds-in (associates positively with) or crowds-out (displaces) political activism. This research is part of a broader debate on the nature of individual pro-environmental behavior and whether it can be considered a political act. Studies generally show a positive association between pro-environmental behavior and political activism. However, few have differentiated between types of pro-environmental behavior. In contrast, our study uses Flemish survey data to examine the relationship between political activism and different modes of pro-environmental behavior: sustainable transport, shopping decisions, energy curtailment, and waste sorting. The results are generally consistent with previous studies. Political activism was positively related to sustainable transport, shopping decisions, and waste sorting. However, it was negatively associated with energy curtailment. Results thus suggest that energy curtailment may displace political action. In conclusion, by differentiating between various modes of pro-environmental behavior, our study confirms but also nuances the usefulness of concepts such as sustainable citizenship. These notions often frame individual pro-environmental behavior as part of broader political and collective strategies to address environmental issues. Our study shows that this may exclude some forms of ecologically significant behavior such as energy curtailment.
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Saboori, Hedayat, Shahram Jadid, and Mehdi Savaghebi. "Spatio-Temporal and Power–Energy Scheduling of Mobile Battery Storage for Mitigating Wind and Solar Energy Curtailment in Distribution Networks." Energies 14, no. 16 (August 9, 2021): 4853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14164853.

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Several technical, computational, and economic barriers have caused curtailing a share of renewable-based power generation, especially in systems with higher penetration levels. The Mobile Battery Energy Storage (MBES) can cope with this problem considering the spatial and temporal distribution of the curtailed energy. Accordingly, a new operation model is proposed for optimal scheduling of the MBES in a distribution network with wind and photovoltaic (PV) resources. The network experiences curtailment situations because of bus overvoltage, feeder overload, and power over-generation. The MBES is a truck-mounted battery system compacted in a container. The proposed model seeks to determine the optimal spatio-temporal and power–energy status of the MBES to achieve a minimum curtailment ratio. The model considers transportation time and cost of the MBES efficiently while both active and reactive power exchanges are modeled. The model is linear, without convergence and optimality problems, applicable to real-life large-scale networks, and can be easily integrated into the commercial distribution management software. The implementation results on a test system demonstrate its functionality to recover a considerable share of the curtailed energy for both wind and PV resources at all curtailment patterns and scenarios.
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Andrychowicz, Mateusz. "Comparison of the Use of Energy Storages and Energy Curtailment as an Addition to the Allocation of Renewable Energy in the Distribution System in Order to Minimize Development Costs." Energies 13, no. 14 (July 21, 2020): 3746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143746.

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This paper presents a comparison of the efficiency of energy storage and energy curtailment as an addition to the allocation of renewable energy in the distribution system in order to minimize development costs using a Mixed Integer-Linear Programming (MILP). Energy sources and energy storages are selected, sized and allocated under operational circumstances such as grid congestions and weather conditions. Loads and power units are modeled by daily consumption and generation profiles respectively, to reflect the intermittent character of renewable generation and consumption of energy. The optimization is carried out for a one-year time horizon using twenty-four representative days. The method is verified on three main simulation scenarios and three sub-scenarios for each of them, allowing for the comparison of the efficiency of each used tool. The main scenarios differ in their share of energy from renewable energy sources (RES) in total consumption. In the sub-scenarios, different tools (RES sizing and allocation, energy storages (ES) sizing and allocation and energy curtailment) are used. The results of this research confirm that energy curtailment is a more efficient additional tool for RES sizing and allocation than energy storages. This method can find practical application for Distribution System Operators in elaborating grid development strategies.
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Biggins, F., and S. Brown. "Optimising onshore wind with energy storage considering curtailment." Energy Reports 8 (November 2022): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.05.115.

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Golden, Rachel, and Bentham Paulos. "Curtailment of Renewable Energy in California and Beyond." Electricity Journal 28, no. 6 (July 2015): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tej.2015.06.008.

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Solomon, A. A., Dmitrii Bogdanov, and Christian Breyer. "Curtailment-storage-penetration nexus in the energy transition." Applied Energy 235 (February 2019): 1351–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.11.069.

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Niet, T., B. Lyseng, J. English, V. Keller, K. Palmer-Wilson, B. Robertson, P. Wild, and A. Rowe. "Valuing infrastructure investments to reduce curtailment." Energy Strategy Reviews 22 (November 2018): 196–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2018.08.010.

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Lei, Tao, Zhong Fu Tan, Li Qiong Lin, and Li Wei Ju. "Distribution Optimizing Model of Benefits of Wind Power, Thermal Power Baling Delivery." Applied Mechanics and Materials 389 (August 2013): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.389.102.

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Wind energy curtailment to reduce wind power and solving wind power grid connected problem is the key element to increase wind power grid-connected and promote renewable energy development. Firstly, from the perspective of clean energy development ,utilization and increasing in wind farm investment income, this paper has analyzed the reason of wind energy curtailment, and summarized effective policies for the management of wind energy curtailment from all over the world. On this basis, this paper considered the loss of interest of thermal units during wind power peak regulation, in order to enhance the enthusiasm of thermal units to participate wind power and thermal power bale delivery, this paper has established wind power, thermal power bale delivery model of calculation of interest. From the numerical example, we conclude that after wind power and thermal power generation rights trading, the wind turbine will get higher revenue due to higher pool purchase price,while thermal power units are exposed to a loss because the tradeoff price is lower than the stake electrovalence.
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Yasuda, Yoh, Lori Bird, Enrico Maria Carlini, Peter Børre Eriksen, Ana Estanqueiro, Damian Flynn, Daniel Fraile, et al. "C-E (curtailment – Energy share) map: An objective and quantitative measure to evaluate wind and solar curtailment." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 160 (May 2022): 112212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112212.

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Kang, Jimyung, and Soonwoo Lee. "Data-Driven Prediction of Load Curtailment in Incentive-Based Demand Response System." Energies 11, no. 11 (October 25, 2018): 2905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11112905.

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Demand response, in which energy customers reduce their energy consumption at the request of service providers, is spreading as a new technology. However, the amount of load curtailment from each customer is uncertain. This is because an energy customer can freely decide to reduce his energy consumption or not in the current liberalized energy market. Because this uncertainty can cause serious problems in a demand response system, it is clear that the amount of energy reduction should be predicted and managed. In this paper, a data-driven prediction method of load curtailment is proposed, considering two difficulties in the prediction. The first problem is that the data is very sparse. Each customer receives a request for load curtailment only a few times a year. Therefore, the k-nearest neighbor method, which requires a relatively small amount of data, is mainly used in our proposed method. The second difficulty is that the characteristic of each customer is so different that a single prediction method cannot cover all the customers. A prediction method that provides remarkable prediction performance for one customer may provide a poor performance for other customers. As a result, the proposed prediction method adopts a weighted ensemble model to apply different models for different customers. The confidence of each sub-model is defined and used as a weight in the ensemble. The prediction is fully based on the electricity consumption data and the history of demand response events without demanding any other additional internal information from each customer. In the experiment, real data obtained from demand response service providers verifies that the proposed framework is suitable for the prediction of each customer’s load curtailment.
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Testa, F., A. Cosic, and F. Iraldo. "Determining factors of curtailment and purchasing energy related behaviours." Journal of Cleaner Production 112 (January 2016): 3810–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.07.134.

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Caralis, George, Theofanis Christakopoulos, Sotirios Karellas, and Zhiqiu Gao. "Analysis of energy storage systems to exploit wind energy curtailment in Crete." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 103 (April 2019): 122–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.12.017.

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Zhang, Guotao, and Xinhua Wan. "A wind-hydrogen energy storage system model for massive wind energy curtailment." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 39, no. 3 (January 2014): 1243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.11.003.

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40

Adams, Evan M., Julia Gulka, and Kathryn A. Williams. "A review of the effectiveness of operational curtailment for reducing bat fatalities at terrestrial wind farms in North America." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 17, 2021): e0256382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256382.

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Curtailment of turbine operations during low wind conditions has become an operational minimization tactic to reduce bat mortality at terrestrial wind energy facilities. Site-specific studies have demonstrated that bat activity is higher during lower wind speeds and that operational curtailment can effectively reduce fatalities. However, the exact nature of the relationship between curtailment cut-in speed and bat fatality reduction remains unclear. To evaluate the efficacy of differing curtailment regimes in reducing bat fatalities, we examined data from turbine curtailment experiments in the United States and Canada in a meta-analysis framework. We used multiple statistical models to explore possible linear and non-linear relationships between turbine cut-in speed and bat fatality. Because the overall sample size for this meta-analysis was small (n = 36 control-treatment studies from 17 wind farms), we conducted a power analysis to assess the number of control-treatment curtailment studies needed to understand the relationship between fatality reduction and change in cut-in speed. We also identified the characteristics of individual curtailment field studies that may influence their power to detect fatality reductions, and in turn, contribute to future meta-analyses. We found strong evidence that implementing turbine curtailment reduces fatality rates of bats at wind farms; the estimated fatality ratio across all studies was 0.37 (p < 0.001), or a 63% decrease in fatalities. However, the nature of the relationship between the magnitude of treatment and reduction in fatalities was more difficult to assess. Models that represented the response ratio as a continuous variable (e.g., with a linear relationship between the change in cut-in speed and fatalities) and a categorical variable (to allow for possible non-linearity in this relationship) both had substantial support when compared using AICc. The linear model represented the best fit, likely due to model simplicity, but the non-linear model was the most likely without accounting for parsimony and suggested fatality rates decreased when the difference in curtailment cut-in speeds was 2m/s or larger. The power analyses showed that the power to detect effects in the meta-analysis was low if fatality reductions were less than 50%, which suggests that smaller increases in cut-in speed (i.e., between different treatment categories) may not be easily detectable with the current dataset. While curtailment is an effective operational mitigation measure overall, additional well-designed curtailment studies are needed to determine precisely whether higher cut-in speeds can further reduce bat fatalities.
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Meglic, Antun, and Ranko Goic. "Impact of Time Resolution on Curtailment Losses in Hybrid Wind-Solar PV Plants." Energies 15, no. 16 (August 17, 2022): 5968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15165968.

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Curtailment losses for large-scale hybrid wind–solar photovoltaic (PV) plants with a single grid connection point are often calculated in 1 h time resolution, underestimating the actual curtailment losses due to the flattening of power peaks occurring in shorter time frames. This paper analyses the curtailment losses in hybrid wind–PV plants by utilising different time resolutions of wind and PV production while varying the grid cut-off power, wind/solar PV farm sizes, and shares of wind/PV capacity. Highly resolved 1 s measurements from the operational wind farm and pyranometer are used as an input to specialized wind and PV farm power production models that consider the smoothing effect. The results show that 15 min resolution is preferred over 1 h resolution for large-scale hybrid wind–PV plants if more accurate assessment of curtailment losses is required. Although 1 min resolution additionally increases the estimation accuracy over 15 min resolution, the improvement is not significant for wind and PV plants with capacity above approx. 10 MW/10 MWp. The resolutions shorter than 1 min do not additionally increase the estimation accuracy for large-scale wind and PV plants. More attention is required when estimating curtailment losses in wind/PV plants with capacity below approx. 10 MW/10 MWp, where higher underestimation can be expected if lower time resolutions are used.
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Probst, Oliver, and Luis I. Minchala. "Mitigation of Short-Term Wind Power Ramps through Forecast-Based Curtailment." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (May 12, 2021): 4371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104371.

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As the penetration of renewable energy generation in electric grids becomes more substantial, its contribution to the variability of the net load becomes more noticeable. Particularly in small or weak grids, the rate at which the output power of a wind farm decreases may become a concern to grid operators. In the present work, a novel approach, called forecast-based curtailment (FBC), is shown to be able to self-mitigate downward ramps on short time scales at a very small energy penalty, compared to conventional mitigation schemes, such as flat curtailment or up-ramp limitations. FBC allows to achieve compliance with ramp limits imposed by system operators at a very small energy cost and modest additional upfront investments.
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Fan, Jiangtao, Peiqiang Li, and Mingle Zuo. "Capacity Allocation Method of Economic Model Considering Hybrid Energy Storage Battery to Suppress Wind Power Fluctuation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2303, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2303/1/012039.

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Abstract This paper aims at the problem that the cost of energy storage in the wind power hybrid energy storage system exceeds the economic loss caused by wind curtailment. Firstly, the frequency allocation method using wavelet packet analysis divides the wind power into three parts: expected grid-connected power, high frequency power and low frequency power. The flywheel energy storage is used to smooth the high frequency power; the lithium battery is used to reduce the low frequency power. Secondly, an economic model of annual comprehensive cost is constructed based on initial investment, operation and maintenance, wind curtailment and energy shortage costs. Genetic algorithm is used to find the critical point of energy storage capacity allocation. Finally, through Matlab/Simulink simulation, it is verified that this capacity allocation method is economical and effective.
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Rabie, Paul A., Brandi Welch-Acosta, Kristen Nasman, Susan Schumacher, Steve Schueller, and Jeffery Gruver. "Efficacy and cost of acoustic-informed and wind speed-only turbine curtailment to reduce bat fatalities at a wind energy facility in Wisconsin." PLOS ONE 17, no. 4 (April 8, 2022): e0266500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266500.

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Current research estimates hundreds of thousands of turbine-related bat fatalities in North America annually. In an effort to reduce impacts of wind energy production on bat populations, many facilities implement operational curtailment strategies that limit turbine blade rotation during conditions when nighttime wind speeds are low. Incorporating real-time bat activity data into wind speed-only curtailment (WOC) strategies may increase operational flexibility by allowing turbines to operate normally when bats are not present near turbines. We evaluated costs and benefits of implementing the Turbine Integrated Mortality Reduction (TIMR) system, an approach that informs a curtailment-triggering algorithm based on wind speed and real-time bat acoustic data, compared to a WOC strategy in which turbines were curtailed below 4.5 meters per second (m/s) at a wind energy facility in Fond Du Lac County, Wisconsin. TIMR is a proprietary system and we had no access to the acoustic data or bat call analysis software. Operational parameters for the TIMR system were set to allow curtailment at all wind speeds below 8.0 m/s during the study period when bats were acoustically detected. Overall, the TIMR system reduced fatalities by 75% compared to control turbines, while the WOC strategy reduced fatalities by 47%. An earlier analysis of the same TIMR data neglected to account for carcasses occurring outside the plot boundary and estimated an 84.5% fatality reduction due to the TIMR system. Over the study period, bat activity led to curtailment of TIMR turbines during 39.4% of nighttime hours compared to 31.0% of nighttime hours for WOC turbines, and revenue losses were approximately 280% as great for TIMR turbines as for turbines operated under the WOC strategy. The large cost difference between WOC and TIMR was driven by the 4.5 m/s versus 8.0 m/s wind speed thresholds for curtailment, but our study site has a relatively low average wind speed, which may also have contributed; other wind operators considering the TIMR system will need to consider their ability to absorb production losses in relation to their need to reduce bat fatality rates.
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Sudarmaji, Eka, Sri Ambarwati, and Mira Munira. "Measurement of the Rebound Effect on Urban Household Energy Consumption Savings." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 12, no. 5 (September 27, 2022): 88–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13426.

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This research investigated consumer behavior patterns on energy conservation and energy efficiency. We investigated the factors that influence the rebound effect based on common characteristics and Socio-economic household characteristics in urban communities. This paper also explored the conservation of electricity through the idea of "nudge." The authors used the word "encouragement" in the chosen architectural program, designed to reduce household electricity consumption so that the rebound effect did not occur in household consumption. By utilizing the 'social norms and curtailment,' households given a "nudge" can save more on their electricity consumption costs. The condition of "nudge" that we included was through information on the costs incurred by households, 'social norms and curtailment,' and energy efficiency through replacing conventional lamps with energy-efficient lamps. The research took place in urban areas in the Bantul, Jogjakarta, between December 2021 and April 2022. Sixty-two respondents divide into two groups of households, i.e., observe households (self-selected) and control households (randomly selected). Both observe and control households must have an active electricity account for at least one year and have owned a house between 50 and 200 square meters. The model used a t-paired sample through the "Non-Equivalent Groups Design" (NEGD) framework for the two comparisons. The research found that 'social norms and curtailment' can reduce household electricity consumption, has cost savings over electricity consumption on average to 16.3049% for three months, and no rebound effect on savings happened.
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Bashir, Arslan, and Matti Lehtonen. "Optimal Coordination of Aggregated Hydro-Storage with Residential Demand Response in Highly Renewable Generation Power System: The Case Study of Finland." Energies 12, no. 6 (March 18, 2019): 1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12061037.

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Current energy policy-driven targets have led to increasing deployment of renewable energy sources in electrical grids. However, due to the limited flexibility of current power systems, the rapidly growing number of installations of renewable energy systems has resulted in rising levels of generation curtailments. This paper probes the benefits of simultaneously coordinating aggregated hydro-reservoir storage with residential demand response (DR) for mitigating both load and generation curtailments in highly renewable generation power systems. DR services are provided by electric water heaters, thermal storages, electric vehicles, and heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) loads. Accordingly, an optimization model is presented to minimize the mismatch between demand and supply in the Finnish power system. The model considers proportions of base-load generation comprising nuclear, and combined heat and power (CHP) plants (both CHP-city and CHP-industry), as well as future penetration scenarios of solar and wind power that are constructed, reflecting the present generation structure in Finland. The findings show that DR coordinated with hydropower is an efficient curtailment mitigation tool given the uncertainty in renewable generation. A comprehensive sensitivity analysis is also carried out to depict how higher penetration can reduce carbon emissions from electricity co-generation in the near future.
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Gregersen, Thea, Rouven Doran, Gisela Böhm, and Wouter Poortinga. "Outcome expectancies moderate the association between worry about climate change and personal energy-saving behaviors." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 26, 2021): e0252105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252105.

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This paper explores whether efficacy beliefs can alter the relationship between worry about climate change and personal energy-saving behaviors, controlling for climate change beliefs and socio-demographics. For this purpose, we used data from 23 countries that participated in the European Social Survey Round 8 (N = 44 387). Worry about climate change, personal efficacy, personal outcome expectancy, and collective outcome expectancy were each associated with personal energy-saving behaviors concerning either energy curtailment or energy efficiency. The results further show that outcome expectancies moderate the association between worry about climate change and both types of energy behaviors. Worry was more strongly related to energy curtailment behaviors among those with high levels of personal and collective outcome expectancy. A similar pattern was found for energy efficiency behaviors, which were more strongly predicted by worry about climate change when combined with high levels of collective outcome expectancy. These findings are relevant for climate change communication, especially informational campaigns aiming to lower overall household energy use.
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Szczygiel, Edward J., Sungeun Cho, and Robin M. Tucker. "Multiple Dimensions of Sweet Taste Perception Altered after Sleep Curtailment." Nutrients 11, no. 9 (August 27, 2019): 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11092015.

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Short sleep duration increases preferences for high-carbohydrate and high-fat foods. It is unclear if insufficient sleep-induced changes in food preference are mediated by changes in taste perception and if these changes are related to sweetener type (sucrose or sucralose) or sweet liking phenotype. The primary objective of this study was to determine if sleep curtailment results in changes in sweet taste perception after sleep curtailment. Forty participants used a single-channel electroencephalograph to record both a habitual and curtailed night (33% reduction) of sleep at home. The following morning, multiple dimensions of sweet taste perception were measured, including preferred sweetener concentrations, patterns of sweet liking, and intensity perception over a range of concentrations. After curtailment, a significant increase in preferred concentration for both sucrose and sucralose (p < 0.001 for both) was observed. The slope of sucrose sweet liking increased after curtailment (p = 0.001). The slope of sucralose liking also increased, but this was not significant (p = 0.129). Intensity perception of the sweeteners was not altered by curtailment. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to classify participants by sweet liking phenotype. Phenotypes were found to predict preferred sweetener concentration. These findings illustrate a possible need to control for sleep in food sensory studies and suggest a potential mechanism by which insufficient sleep can lead to excess energy intake.
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Caralis, George, Alexandros Kontzilas, Yang Peijin, Petros Chasapogiannis, Vassiliki Kotroni, Konstantinos Lagouvardos, and Arthouros Zervos. "A Probabilistic Approach to Analyze Wind Energy Curtailment in Non-Interconnected Greek Islands Based on Typical Wind Year Meteorological Data." Fluids 5, no. 3 (July 26, 2020): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids5030123.

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Wind energy and photovoltaic solar energy (PV) are the most mature renewable energy technologies and are widely used to increase renewable energy penetration in non-interconnected Greek islands. However, their penetration is restricted due to technical issues related to the safe operation of autonomous power systems, the current conventional power infrastructure and their variable power output. In this framework, renewable energy curtailment is sometimes a necessity to ensure the balance between demand and supply. The ability of autonomous power systems to absorb wind and PV power is related to the load demand profile, the type and the flexibility of conventional power plants, the size of power system and the spatial dispersion of wind farms. In this connection, a probabilistic approach for estimating wind energy curtailment is thoroughly applied in most of the autonomous power systems in Greece, using detailed information about load demand and conventional power supply. In parallel, high resolution mesoscale model-based hourly wind data for typical meteorological wind year are used to represent the wind features in all the sites of interest. Technical constraints imposed by the local power system operator, related to the commitment of conventional power plants and the load dispatch strategies are taken into account to maximize renewable energy penetration levels. Finally, application for wide ranges of wind and PV capacity and the thorough analysis of the parameters leads to the presentation of comparable results and conclusions, which could be widely used to predict wind energy curtailment in non-interconnected power systems.
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Bandyopadhyay, Sambaran, Pratyush Kumar, and Vijay Arya. "Planning Curtailment of Renewable Generation in Power Grids." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 26 (March 30, 2016): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v26i1.13779.

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The increasing penetration of renewable sources like solar energy add new dimensions in planning power grid operations. We study the problem of curtailing a subset of prosumers generating solar power with the twin goals of being close to a target collection and maintaining fairness across prosumers. The problem is complicated by the uncertainty in the amount of energy fed-in by each prosumer and the large problem size in terms of number of prosumers. To meet these challenges, we propose an algorithm based on the Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit problem with an approximate Knapsack based oracle. With real-data on solar panel output across multiple prosumers, we are able to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
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