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Journal articles on the topic 'Energy and Environment Programme'
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1
Haas, Peter M. "Institutions:United Nations Environment Programme." Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 36, no. 7 (September 1994): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00139157.1994.9929186.
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de Larderel, Jacqueline Aloisi. "United Nations Environment Programme." Journal of Cleaner Production 1, no. 1 (January 1993): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-6526(93)90036-b.
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Brown, A. "The UK Renewable Energy programme." Renewable Energy 3, no. 2-3 (March 1993): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-1481(93)90036-g.
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Stemmerik, L., F. Dalhoff, and I. Nilsson. "Petroleum geology and thermal maturity of eastern North Greenland - a new energy research project." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 165 (January 1, 1995): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v165.8277.
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Petroleum geological studies were initiated in eastern North Greenland in 1993 as part of a regional mapping programme carried out by the Geological Survey of Greenland (Henriksen, 1994, 1995; Stemmerik & Elvebakk, 1994). These activities continued in 1994, and a three-year research programme was initiated to generate data for basin modelling of the Phanerozoic sedimentary basins in the easternmost part of North Greenland. The basin modelling project is supported by the Danish Ministry of Environment and Energy and is a continuation of previous petroleum-related research programmes in the region (Christiansen, 1989; Hakansson & Stemmerik, this report). The aim of the project is to improve the understanding of the subsidence and uplift history of the adjacent shelf basins, and to evaluate the presence of pre-Carboniferous source rocks with adequate maturity in these areas.
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Adeyanju, Dolapo, John Mburu, and Djana Mignouna. "Youth Agricultural Entrepreneurship: Assessing the Impact of Agricultural Training Programmes on Performance." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 4, 2021): 1697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041697.
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Using the case of the Fadama Graduate Unemployed Youth and Women Support (GUYS) programme, this study investigated the impact of agricultural training programmes on youth agripreneurship performance in Nigeria. A total of 977 respondents comprising of 455 participants of the programme and 522 non-participants were sampled across three states in Nigeria. Data were collected using a well-structured questionnaire programmed on Open Data Kit (ODK). Data were analysed using the Endogenous Treatment Effect Regression (ETER) model. The probit model results revealed that participation in the programme was significantly influenced by age, years of formal education, marital status, current residence, employment type, and perception of training. The empirical analysis showed that after controlling for endogeneity, participation in the programme led to better performance which was measure in terms of average income from agripreneurship activities. These findings highlight the significance of training in improving the performance of young agripreneurs and suggest the need to encourage and out-scale programmes such as the Fadama GUYS, both in Nigeria and elsewhere in Africa as they can contribute to better performance of youth-owned agribusiness firms.
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de Santoli, Livio, and Umberto Di Matteo. "Building Energy and Environment Performance System (BEEPS): a programme for building energy certification in Italy." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 24, no. 2 (May 2003): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0143624403bt064oa.
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Purchase, Diane, Sherine Obare, John Unsworth, and Hemda Garelick. "Chemistry and the Environment." Chemistry International 40, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ci-2018-0230.
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Abstract The IUPAC 46th World Chemistry Congress (in Sao Paulo, Brazil, 9-14 July, 2017) emphasized the importance of the link between chemistry and the environment in their ‘Energy, Water and Environmental Science’ programme. The Chemistry and the Environment Division of IUPAC (Division VI) has sponsored and organized three symposia to present the latest advances concerning the environmental impact of emerging technologies and the fate of pollutants in the environment. Additional financial support was provided by the IUPAC Project Committee under the ‘New Directions in Chemistry’ initiative.
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Kiefer, K., and V. U. Hoffmann. "Measurement and analysis programme within the thousand roofs programme." Renewable Energy 5, no. 1-4 (August 1994): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-1481(94)90392-1.
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Castro-Zamudio, Serafina, Enrique Viguera, Antonio Cortés-Ramos, María Teresa Castilla-Mesa, Daniel Valbuena-Díaz, and Isabel Moreno-Madrid. "Satisfaction, Assessment and Adaptation to a Virtual Environment of the University Mentoring Programme GuíaMe-AC-UMA for Gifted High School Students." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (May 1, 2022): 5465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095465.
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The purpose of this study is to analyse the satisfaction levels of participants (mentees, mentors, and technical-research team) of a university mentoring programme. The GuíaMe-AC-UMA is aimed at gifted high school students. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the IX edition was carried out in an online format. The results were compared to those of the in-person edition (VII edition) to assess whether there were differences between the editions. For this purpose, three versions (one for each participant type) of a Likert-type questionnaire were distributed among the participants of the 22 workshops offered by the GuíaMe-AC-UMA Programme. A total of 224 responses were received: 21 from the mentors, 181 from the mentees and 22 from the technical-research team. The results indicate a high level of satisfaction with the development of the workshops by all participants. While the mentees preferred the in-person edition, the rest of the participants showed no difference in satisfaction levels between editions. A similar result was observed when correcting for the subject area of the workshop. The in-person edition was valued higher than the online version by all. The overall level of satisfaction shown by all participants and the support for continuation of the programme suggest that this type of educational offer is beneficial and satisfactory for all involved, in accordance with previous research on mentoring programmes. These results indicate that programmes focused on young pre-university students with high abilities are valued; these results encourage us to continue the programme.
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J, Charles Rajesh Kumar, Vinod Kumar D, and MA Majid. "Wind energy programme in India: Emerging energy alternatives for sustainable growth." Energy & Environment 30, no. 7 (April 26, 2019): 1135–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x19841297.
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Löfstedt, Ragnar E. "An Evaluation of a UK Energy Conservation Programme." Energy & Environment 7, no. 1 (February 1996): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x9600700103.
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This paper evaluates the Department of the Environment's Helping the Earth Begins at Home Campaign that was carried out in the early 1990s from a global warming perception perspective. The study is based on both qualitative and quantitative research in the UK including random telephone surveys and interviews with policy makers. The study shows that the campaign largely failed for two reasons: a) the majority of the respondents did not make a link between their own energy consumption and global warming and b) the respondent's still confused global warming with the ozone hole.
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Uehara, Misato, Makoto Fujii, Kazuki Kobayashi, and Keita Shiba. "Narrative-Based Disaster Learning Programmes Simultaneously Improve People’s Disaster Awareness Scores, Willingness to Pay and Settlement Preferences." Sustainability 14, no. 11 (May 28, 2022): 6635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14116635.
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Few studies currently examine the effect of different disaster informational programmes because conducting such intervention studies is challenging. By providing two types of online disaster learning programmes, this intervention study measured changes made to three different perspectives: (1) disaster preventive awareness scores, (2) willingness to pay for disaster information (WTP), and (3) settlement preferences (preferences for post-disaster recovery goals). The participants engaged with one of two different types of 45-min learning programmes—one created as a narrative-based disaster learning programme (N = 218) and the other presented as a collective information disaster learning programme (N = 201). Consequently, both disaster preparedness scores and WTP increased statistically after both styles of disaster preparedness programmes. Furthermore, the increase generated by the narrative programme was greater (2.2 times higher for WTP value and 1.72 times higher in WTP value-increased probability). In their preprogramme answer, people who selected safety and nature conservation for post-disaster recovery goals improved their awareness scores. Despite both programmes having the same theme and length, only the narrative learning programme had a beneficial—improvement odds ratio for all three perspectives. Thus, the narrative-based disaster learning (vicarious) experience simultaneously improved people’s disaster awareness scores, willingness to pay for disaster information, and settlement preferences for disaster prevention.
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Szul, Tomasz. "Prosumer Energy — a Benefit or Loss for Beneficiaries in the Light of the Act on Renewable Sources of Energy." Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i Prognozy 13, no. 2 (July 17, 2015): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/br.864.
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For selected photovoltaic installations generating 3 and 10 kW power, operating in the on-grid system, the amount of electric power that can be generated has been calculated. Next, business analysis has been conducted based on static and dynamic methods, such as: SPBT, PBP, NPV, IRR and CCE. Calculations were made for three options: i.e. the system investment costs are born in their entirety by the investor, or the installation is purchased in the framework of the ‚Prosument’ programme run by the National Fund for Environment Protection and Water Management. As a result of the calculations made it has been found that despite support instruments and attractive purchase prices of the energy generated, the electric power generation is not profitable with the current level of investment expenditure for the construction of such an installation if we take into considerations the running and depreciation costs. Taking advantage of the 40% investment co-financing in the 10kW ‚Prosumer’ programme will enable only to minimise losses.
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Lloyd, Philip. "A pilot test of ethanol gel as a paraffin replacement in a low-income urban environment." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 25, no. 3 (September 23, 2014): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2014/v25i3a2660.
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This paper describes the results of a pilot programme to introduce ethanol gel as a replacement for paraffin for cooking in a low-income informal settlement, Samora Machel, in the Philippi district of Cape Town. A baseline study had shown that paraffin was the dominant source of energy in this community, and that the community knew that its use was both hazardous and unhealthy, but they had no apparent alternative. A gel fuel meeting the requirements of SANS 448 was identified and supplies ordered. A burner system meeting the requirements of SANS 666 was not available on the market; instead it was necessary to use all that could be found. The Agrifood Technology Station at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT) was tasked with finding ways to cook using ethanol gel, with accent being placed on cooking safely and using the least possible quantity of gel for a standard menu. After several fruitless attempts to launch a programme, a successful meeting was held at the crèche in Samora Machel at which a number of residents agreed to take part in the pilot programme. Soon thereafter, there was a fire in which many residents lost all their possessions, and when stoves were distributed free of charge, and five litres of gel sold at a subsidised price, all stoves were eagerly taken. The demonstration of how to cook using the gel was held at the point of distribution, and people taking stoves were shown how they worked and how to keep them clean. Every week for four weeks, a sample of the participants was contacted to determine their response to cooking on gel. Virtually every response was most positive, and at the end of that period the participants in the pilot programme requested that the supply of gel should continue as long as possible.
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Veerkamp, R. F., and E. P. C. Koenen. "Genetics of food intake, live weight, condition score and energy balance." BSAP Occasional Publication 24 (1999): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1463981500043089.
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AbstractThe objectives of this study were to investigate genetic variation for traits that are part of the food utilization complex and to investigate the scope for future genetic improvement of traits possibly linked to metabolic stress: live weight (change), condition score (change) and energy balance. Many aspects of the food utilization complex appear to be heritable and are affected by genetic selection for yield. In general, genetic selection for yield increases intake and body tissue mobilization and energy balance is expected to decrease. However, unfavourable effects of genetic selection can be compensated for by measuring additional traits to be included in breeding programmes. Food intake, live weight (change) and condition score (change) are all potential options. Which traits should be measured, at what lactation stages and in which (nutritional) environment will merely depend on the coheritability with health and fertility, the genetic correlation with milk yield and the cost of measuring the trait effectively in a breeding programme.
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Davis, Peter. "Energy Education for the Environment." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 3 (July 1987): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600001282.
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AbstractLearning about the utilization, development and perhaps conservation of energy for our expanding world population has long been a part of science curricula. The world “about” is, however, paramount in describing the nature of these courses, and parallels a similar phenomenon observed in numerous so-called environmental education programmes in schools. Despite the close association between energy use expansion and environmental impact, little “energy education for the environment’ has occurred in this country.This paper examines some of the reasons for this situation and highlights the difficulties facing the environmental education teacher who wishes to lead a valid study of energy sources. External community influences, a lack of breath and problems with information availability are identified as factors which contribute to the present status of energy education. It is perhaps fortunate that the majority of students seem to possess positive attitudes towards energy conservation and the environment, and so, hopefully, remain receptive towards improvements in this aspect of environmental education.
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Liu, Zhonghui, and Gongyi Jiang. "Optimization of intelligent heating ventilation air conditioning system in urban building based on BIM and artificial intelligence technology." Computer Science and Information Systems, no. 00 (2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis200901027l.
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The study aims to effectively reduce building energy consumption, improve the utilization efficiency of building resources, reduce the emission of pollutants and greenhouse gases, and protect the ecological environment. A prediction model of heating ventilation air conditioning (HVAC) energy consumption is established by using back propagation neural network (BPNN) and adapted boosting (Adaboost) algorithm. Then, the HVAC system is optimized by building information modeling (BIM). Finally, the effectiveness of the urban intelligent HVAC optimization prediction model based on BIM and artificial intelligence (AI) is further verified by simulation experiments. The research shows that the error of the prediction model is reduced, the accuracy is higher after the Adaboost algorithm is added to BPNN, and the average prediction accuracy is 86%. When the BIM is combined with the prediction model, the HVAC programme of hybrid cooling beam + variable air volume reheating is taken as the optimal programme of HVAC system. The power consumption and gas consumption of the programme are the least, and the CO2 emission is also the lowest. Programme 1 is compared with programme 3, and the cost is saved by 37% and 15%, respectively. Through the combination of BIM technology and AI technology, the energy consumption of HVAC is effectively reduced, and the resource utilization rate is significantly improved, which can provide theoretical basis for the research of energy-saving equipment.
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Bruckman, Viktor J., Gregor Giebel, Christopher Juhlin, Sonja Martens, and Michael Kühn. "Preface to the special issue of the Division Energy, Resources and the Environment at the EGU General Assembly EGU22." Advances in Geosciences 58 (December 8, 2022): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-58-87-2022.
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Abstract. The European Geosciences Union (EGU) is one of the leading global bottom-up societies that promotes earth, planetary and space sciences. In its annual general assemblies, EGU brings together experts from all over the world to discuss cutting-edge research and implementation of findings in their respective disciplines and beyond via its inter-and transdisciplinary sessions, and thus offers a unique forum for scientific exchange, science-policy interaction, and joint development of strategies for future research endeavours. Within that framework the Energy, Resources and the Environment (ERE) Programme Group provides the platform for discussion about adequate and reliable supplies of affordable energy and other georesources in environmentally sustainable ways. This special issue in Advances in Geosciences comprises a collection of contributions from the ERE Programme Group, which were presented at the General Assembly 2022. It was held in hybrid mode for the first time from 23–27 May 2022, after two virtual assemblies in 2020 and 2021.
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Wever, Mark, Alvaro Romera, Munir Shah, and Nel Wognum. "Managing and Governing Integrated Research Programmes: Lessons from Theory and Practice." Sustainability 15, no. 11 (May 30, 2023): 8833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15118833.
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Researchers are increasingly working in large, integrated science programmes. This is supposed to lead to several benefits, including creating and enhancing synergies amongst projects, improving collaboration and knowledge exchanges amongst researchers from different disciplines, and generating a higher return on investments in R&D. In practice, though, these benefits are often not fully realised, and large-scale integrated programmes can become frustrating for researchers. Additionally, they can result in insufficient integration and collaboration, and incur high overhead costs. In the present paper, the authors share their experience and insights on how to structure, manage and govern integrated programmes more competently. They do so by reflecting on their own practical experience in designing an integrated programme, and by drawing valuable insights from the literature on governance, management studies and organisational economics. The authors suggest that many problems can be linked to the implementation of programme management systems and coordination mechanisms that are poorly aligned with the unique characteristics of integrated programmes. They provide guidelines for programme managers to use systems that are a better fit, which can help researchers collaborate in a more engaging and productive manner while reducing the overhead costs associated with programme administration.
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Kaya, Ender, and Aykut Örs. "Comparison of IPARD I and IPARD II Programmes as a Source of Rural Development Financing in Turkey." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i1.92-98.2143.
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European Union (EU) uses The Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance (IPA) to prepare candidate and potential candidate countries for EU membership. One of the five components of IPA is rural development (IPARD). IPARD funds provide financing to develop production standards of agricultural establishments for competing with other establishments in EU member states. For this purpose, in Turkey IPARD I programme was applied between 2007 and 2013 and IPARD II programme was prepared to apply from 2014 to 2020. The purpose of this study is comparing structural differences of IPARD I and IPARD II programme which are important tools to increase competitiveness of agricultural establishments in Turkey. The main material of the study was IPARD I and IPARD II programs. In the study, firstly, the support given within the scope of IPARD programs were presented as tables and graphs. Structural differences between the two programmes were examined under three headings; targets of programmes, budgets of programmes and eligibility criteria. In the result of this study, changes and the actual statue of this important financial tool was revealed. Most important changes were public aid rates and new supporting sectors. Regarding to the public aid rates, while the highest rate was 65% in IPARD I, it is 70% in IPARD II. Also an additional 10% can be given for investments in effluent storage and waste management for benefit of the environment in IPARD II. In IPARD II; egg production, mushroom cultivation, machinery parks and renewable energy plants sectors are added to supporting sectors.
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Calignano, Giuseppe, and Michaela Trippl. "Innovation-Driven or Challenge-Driven Participation in International Energy Innovation Networks? Empirical Evidence from the H2020 Programme." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 9, 2020): 4696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114696.
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The European Union (EU) Framework Programmes represent the ideal platform for exchanging knowledge potentially leading to innovation outcomes, in addition to providing vital research funds for various types of organisations (firms, universities, agencies, etc.) The present paper aims to assess whether innovativeness (‘innovation-driven’ participation) or energy demand/vulnerability (‘challenge-driven’ participation) determine a different degree of participation in the context of the energy programme funded under Horizon 2020 (2014–2020 period). By combining social network analysis and econometrics, our empirical analysis clearly shows that the more innovative EU regions hold a central or key position, while the regions characterised by higher energy demand or vulnerability play a marginal role in the EU energy network. These findings are not dissimilar to what other scholars have observed in relation to different EU programmes and funding schemes. Based on this, we argue that EU policymakers and evaluators should aim at encouraging challenge-driven participation and, more generally, a more balanced participation through appropriate and specific policy actions.
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Simola, Jussi, Reijo Savola, Tapio Frantti, Arttu Takala, and Riku Lehkonen. "Developing Cybersecurity in an Industrial Environment by Using a Testbed Environment." European Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security 22, no. 1 (June 19, 2023): 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/eccws.22.1.1362.
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Critical infrastructure protection requires a testing environment that allows the testing of different kinds of equipment, software, networks, and tools to develop vital functions of the critical industrial environment. Used electrical equipment must be reliable, capable and maintain a stable critical industrial ecosystem. An industrial business needs to develop cybersecurity capabilities that detect and prevent IT/ICT and OT/ICS threats in an industrial environment. The emerging trend has been to create security operations center (SOC) services to detect ICS-related threats in enterprise networks. The energy supply sector must consist of crucial elements for safe business continuity and supply chain management in the industrial sector. Threats have changed into a combination of threat types. Hybrid threats may prevent everyday industrial activities, processes, and procedures so that supply chain problems may become long-lasting and affects business continuity management. The project CSG belongs to the (Cybersecurity governance of operational technology in the sector connected smart energy) research project consortium of Business Finland’s Digital Trust Programme. The first research paper regarding the CSG (Cyber Security Governance) project concentrates on the applied theory background of this project. The research provides a research approach for investigating cyber security at the operational and technical levels. It answers the questions of where to concentrate on OT-related cyber security research and how we aim to deploy a testbed to develop a governance model in the CSG project. The study's primary purpose is to describe the operating OT-SOC environment and analyze system requirements for optimizing situational awareness in the testbed environment.
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Tinto, E. M., and K. G. Banda. "The Integrated National Electrification Programme and political democracy." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 16, no. 4 (November 1, 2005): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2005/v16i4a3077.
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Since the coming of democracy in South Africa, the last decade has been marked by extraordinary, yet positive changes in policy development. Democratic organisation, both as a system of government and as a value system commanding the support of ordinary people, is of key importance in these developments and the implications for South Africa are still being analysed. Noticeable are the fundamental changes in the energy sector where there has been a shift from energy self-reliance and energy security to a more sustainable policy approach driven by economic efficiency, social equity and environment protection. Institutes of Democracy like IDEA (2004) concur with this trend that a strong democratic system must support poverty reduction for meaningful democratic change and, in practice; this is clearly the trend being defined. It is now a sustainable development issue, and voter’s confidence that is fast becoming the defining principle and drives for rapid policy change and service delivery in the form of an Integrated National Electrification Programme (INEP) in the energy sector. Policy makers in energy policy acknowledge this phenomenon as defining what is now seen as a ‘post-apartheid energy paradigm shift’. In this paper, it is suggested that the National Electrification Programme (NEP) has performed beyond expectation in increasing access to electricity for the poor in the country. It is also argued that, there is now an electrification and political democracy nexus exhibited in social and political development of this country. In this line of thought, the argument given is that one of the reasons why people voted for the ruling party in 1999 and 2000 was the NEP. Furthermore this identified linkage provides policy recommendations that suggest that the government should deliver other basic services in a similar manner in order to gain people’s confidence. In South Africa, because of the country’s unique social, economic and political history, a trade-off between basic social service delivery and linkage with democracy then becomes very crucial. Keywords
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Walker, Susan P., Christine A. Powell, Sharmaine E. Hutchinson, Susan M. Chang, and Sally M. Grantham-McGregor. "Schoolchildren's diets and participation in school feeding programmes in Jamaica." Public Health Nutrition 1, no. 1 (March 1998): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn19980007.
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AbstractObjective:To describe food consumption during the school day of rural Jamaican children and participation in two government school feeding programmes. To determine factors which were related to these.Design:Cross sectional.Setting:16 primary schools in rural Jamaica.Subjects:415 children in grades 2 and 5 (ages 7 and 10 years).Results:Consumption of sweets, sweet drinks and snacks was high. Mean intakes at lunch were: energy 1537 kJ (SD 756), protein 10.4 g (SD 7.6) and iron 1.5 mg (SD 1.2). The mean energy intake was 17–20% of the daily requirement for this age group. Two types of school feeding programmes were available in the schools, one provided a cooked meal and the other a bun and milk. Median availability of school meals (as a percentage of children enrolled in the schools) over three terms was 24.6% (range 0–85.4%). Twenty per cent of the children participated in one or other programme. Poorer children were more likely to participate in the bun and milk programme (odds ratio 2.1, 95% C1 1.3–3.5) but children with more money to purchase food participated in the more costly cooked meal programme (odds ratio 2.4, 95% CI 1.3–4.6).Conclusions:Energy intakes at lunch in Jamaican children were somewhat below optimal levels and the reliance on sweets and snacks is an area of concern. Programme characteristics such as meal cost, may affect access to school feeding by poor children.
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Patel, Martin K., Jean-Sébastien Broc, Haein Cho, Daniel Cabrera, Armin Eberle, Alessandro Federici, Alisa Freyre, et al. "Why We Continue to Need Energy Efficiency Programmes—A Critical Review Based on Experiences in Switzerland and Elsewhere." Energies 14, no. 6 (March 21, 2021): 1742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14061742.
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Energy efficiency programmes (EEPs) are schemes operated by utilities or other bodies in order to incentivize energy efficiency improvement, in particular by adoption of energy-efficient products and typically by means of an economic reward. Ample experience has been gained, especially in the U.S., where EEPs have been in use for decades, with the rationale of avoiding additional energy supply by improving energy efficiency. More recently, EEPs have been implemented in Europe and in Switzerland. This review paper presents insights from the U.S., the EU and especially from Switzerland, with a focus on levelised programme cost of saved energy (LPC) as a key performance indicator. These LPC values, which take the perspective of the programme operator, are typically low to very low compared to the cost of electricity supply, thereby representing an important argument in favour of their use. The country examples show that EEPs are being effectively and successfully put into practice, for example, in Switzerland both as (i) a national tender-based scheme (called ProKilowatt) and in the form of a (ii) utility-operated obligation-based scheme (in Geneva). EEPs not only call for diligent implementation but also for suitable legal settings, e.g., in the form of mandatory energy efficiency savings targets (as realised for energy efficiency obligations, EEOs) in combination with programme cost recovery. The main criticism of EEPs is the free-rider effect, which needs to be minimised. On the other hand, EEPs are accompanied by significant co-benefits (environmental, health-related and social) and spillover effects. In their currently prevalent form, EEPs allow one to effectively save energy at a (very) low cost (“low-hanging fruit”). They can hence play an important role in fostering the energy transition; however, they should be implemented as part of a policy portfolio, in combination with other policy instruments.
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Guest, Cheryl, Philip Wainwright, Margaret Herbert, and Iain Murray Smith. "Driving quality improvement with a massive open online course (MOOC)." BMJ Open Quality 10, no. 1 (March 2021): e000781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2019-000781.
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BackgroundQuality improvement (QI) is a priority for national regulatory bodies in health and care in the UK. However, many health and care staff do not know where to go for support in gaining the required skills and knowledge in QI. This paper reviews Improvement Fundamentals, a massive open online course (MOOC), designed to address this gap, run by an improvement team in the national regulatory body.MethodsIn 2015, National Health Service (NHS) Improving Quality (subsequently the sustainable improvement team in NHS England) established Improvement Fundamentals: a programme of online, self-directed courses in QI for those involved in heath or social care. The programme ran in two cycles: twice in 2015, followed by a re-launch in 2018 (this programme also ran into 2019). A mixed-methods evaluation was carried out of the 2015 programme involving surveys, interviews and social listening. The 2018–2019 programme was evaluated using post-course surveys of participants and activity data from the platform.OutcomesSince the start of the 2015 programme, 604 improvement projects have been developed, run and submitted for formal assessment, with some demonstrating clear improvements in services. Themes from participant feedback on both programmes have included improved understanding of QI tools and methods; greater energy for QI; a greater sense of community and connectedness in participants’ work and increased confidence in using QI tools and techniques.DiscussionBoth programmes delivered benefits for participants, and the team’s investment in improvement skills on these programmes has helped to increase capability for future change endeavours. The collaborative nature of the programmes has been key to their successes.ConclusionImprovement Fundamentals demonstrates that MOOCs can be instrumental in driving forward improvements in health and care. The programmes may have utility as a model for future MOOCs, both in QI and other topics, to help drive further improvements in health and care.
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Krämer, Ludwig. "Planning for Climate and the Environment: the EU Green Deal." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 17, no. 3 (July 10, 2020): 267–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18760104-01703003.
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The green deal, a strategy programme by the European Commission, intends to “green” the EU activities and re-orient policies and laws for the years to come, in areas such as climate and energy, agriculture and fisheries, products and services, and trade and foreign policy, the most important announcement being the adoption of an EU climate law which will ensure EU climate neutrality by 2050. This contribution tries to place the different elements of the green deal strategy into their environmental context and also to assess the probability that the proposed measures will be agreed by the European Parliament and by the Council (the Member States’ governments).
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Zedalis, Rex J., and R. Dobie Langenkamp. "International Comparisons of Energy Use and the Environment: Does It Make Sense to Call on Wind Power?" European Energy and Environmental Law Review 15, Issue 6 (June 1, 2006): 162–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2006019.
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By its very nature, the Kyoto Climate Change accord attempts to control greenhouse gas emissions and affect attitudes with regard to both the amount of and methods by which energy is used. Herein, the authors examine the current factual situation concerning comparative energy intensity positions of the world’s major energy consuming regions and their corresponding contributions to carbon dioxide levels. In view of the environmental and economic reasons for improving energy use figures and controlling carbon dioxide emissions, one much talked about alternative energy source has been wind power. The direct greenhouse gas benefits of the electrical energy produced by wind power seem beyond dispute. Nonetheless, it is suggested that the distinct problems associated with looking in wind’s direction for providing assistance on the environmental front present issues that serious policymakers must candidly confront before embarking on any major deployment programme.
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Trzeciak, Mateusz, and Izabela Jonek-Kowalska. "Monitoring and Control in Program Management as Effectiveness Drivers in Polish Energy Sector. Diagnosis and Directions of Improvement." Energies 14, no. 15 (July 31, 2021): 4661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154661.
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The activity of enterprises in the energy sector is complicated by the complexity and capital intensity of the resources and processes used. In the current market conditions, an additional challenge is the implementation of sustainable development, including, in particular, environmental and social goals. These circumstances require efficient and effective management, and this is possible, inter alia, thanks to the use of the project management. However, this approach requires not only implementation, but also professional monitoring and control, which is considered and diagnosed in this article. The purpose of this article is to: (a) verify the programme management areas subject to the monitoring and control process; (b) identify and evaluate the effectiveness of the most frequently used methods in the process of monitoring and control of the programme implementation. A qualitative study using a structured interview was conducted among 21 experts involved in the implementation of programmes from the energy sector. The authors found that energy companies monitor and control programmes in key, but traditional areas such as lead times, costs, risks and benefits. They less often refer to ‘soft’ areas of management, such as: work, communication or quality. In terms of the monitoring and control methodology used, significant discrepancies were found between the methods considered effective and those that are most often used in practice. This requires decisive improvement actions. At the same time, it is worth emphasising that the majority of managers prefer compact and quantifiable forms of monitoring and control, such as: earned value method, Gantt chart and comparing plans to results in individual areas. The sector also lacks a systemic approach to programme management, which should be distinguished from single project management, which is why the authors presented their own approach to solving this problem.
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Cole, A. J. "The solar energy programme of the U.K. Department of trade and industry." Renewable Energy 3, no. 2-3 (March 1993): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-1481(93)90006-3.
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Nkomo, JC. "Testing the mitigation manual on trainers." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 16, no. 2 (May 1, 2005): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2005/v16i2a3112.
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The Energy Research Centre (ERC), together with the Munasinghe Institute for Development (MIND) in Sri Lanka and the Environment and Development Action (ENDA) in Senegal, are developing training manuals to train trainers under UNITAR’s Climate Change Capacity Development Programme (C3D). The rationale for this is clear. The UNFCCC seeks to strengthen non-Annex 1 countries’ effective participation in the Kyoto Protocol process, and to strengthen existing and/or establish new training and research institutions to ensure sustainability of capacity building programmes. These capacity building initiatives should be country driven, involve stakeholder participation, and address specific needs and conditions of the country. For this reason, the ERC is developing training modules on climate change mitigation. ENDA is developing modules on climate change on vulnerability and adaptation; and MIND on sustainable development.
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Kucęba, Robert. "Selected programme methods of practical teaching - smart grid course as a case study." MATEC Web of Conferences 183 (2018): 04010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818304010.
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With reference to the subject matter defined in the present paper’s title, the methods applied in the processes of formal practical teaching - programme methods, have been distinguished and aggregated on the basis of the research carried out within the ERASMUS+ project ”The acceleration method of development of transversal competences in the students’ practical training process”. As a case study programme methods of formal teaching have been aggregated as well as informatic tools and applications used while developing the simulated by students in laboratory conditions, a virtual management environment of dispersed RES micro-installations, within the Smart Grid course included into the area of prosumer energy. This simulator reflects the functional and logical structure of the Virtual Power Plant, which integrates the prosumer energy sources.
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Sureeyatanapas, Panitas, Kanittha Yodprang, and Viganda Varabuntoonvit. "Drivers, Barriers and Benefits of Product Carbon Footprinting: A State-of-the-Art Survey of Thai Manufacturers." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 8, 2021): 6543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126543.
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Emerging strategies to respond to public awareness of the environment include carbon emission reporting and labelling. In Thailand, however, only a small proportion of manufacturers have implemented carbon footprint programmes, and some have decided not to continue the programme after their labels expired. This situation mirrors that of many developing countries. This study aims to investigate the factors that drive the implementation of the footprint programme and obstacles that may hinder its long-term implementation. Benefits gained from this programme are also explored. A questionnaire was sent to companies that were or have been certified for the Thai carbon footprint label. Interviews with experts were also conducted to supplement the survey data. According to the statistical analysis, companies expected the carbon footprint programme to enhance their green image, increase their sales and reduce costs. However, benefits derived only in terms of the company’s image, employee development and satisfaction, and production costs returned, while no sales and marketing benefits were evident. The lack of social awareness of the label and of the climate change issue was the most significant challenge the implementers faced, as its rating scores were significantly higher than those of other barriers. Small companies also encountered difficulties due to the required initial investment. This study provides insight into the reasons many developing countries fail to pursue carbon labelling programmes. These issues have not yet been clarified by previous studies. The findings can help prospective companies overcome potential barriers and facilitate their strategic decision making. They can also help governments to develop appropriate policies to promote the carbon footprint label and enhance national sustainability.
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Price, Trevor J. "Edward Golding's Iinfluence on Wind Power." Wind Engineering 29, no. 6 (December 2005): 513–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/030952405776234553.
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From it's beginnings in the late 1800s, wind power engineering had developed in a seemingly haphazard way as early wind engineers worked on national wind power programmes. However, international co-operation of allies in engineering programmes during World War Two, e.g. for aircraft design, later became a precedent for co-operation in wind engineering. This paper details Edward Golding's impact on the development of wind power, in the UK and internationally, during the 1940s through to the 1960s. His book, ‘The generation of electricity by wind power’ (1955) and his subsequent leadership within a coordinated international development programme for wind power were seminal. Golding's work in wind power is set within his experience in the electricity supply industry.
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Mira-Galvañ, Maria-Jose, and Raquel Gilar-Cobi. "OKAPI, an Emotional Education and Classroom Climate Improvement Program Based on Cooperative Learning: Design, Implementation, and Evaluation." Sustainability 13, no. 22 (November 13, 2021): 12559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212559.
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A positive school climate can directly influence the relationships and social interactions among students while also contributing to the development of socio-emotional skills. Simultaneously, the school climate depends on these said skills. Despite this close relationship, emotional education and school climate improvement programmes have traditionally been studied separately. This study describes and evaluates the effectiveness of a new programme, OKAPI (Organisation, Cooperation, Positive Environment, Participation and Emotional Intelligence), for the development of socio-emotional skills and the improvement of classroom climate for primary school students using a cooperative learning methodology. The total sample comprised 86 students aged 9–11 years. A quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test measures with a control group was used. The results show that the program’s implementation is effective both for the improvement of the classroom climate and the acquisition of training in the field of emotional intelligence, as well as for the development of cooperative competences. Among the fundamental pillars of the OKAPI programme are its simplicity and transversality, so that teachers are responsible for its application and monitoring; thus, the programme becomes an agent of change in their educational practice.
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Palma, Sabrina Dalla, and Karim Zein. "The DELTA programme." Journal of Cleaner Production 12, no. 3 (April 2004): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-6526(03)00093-3.
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Karareba, Gilbert, and Caroline Baillie. "Community engineering education: The case of post-conflict Rwanda." Education, Citizenship and Social Justice 14, no. 3 (September 19, 2018): 211–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1746197918800667.
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We argue for the need for and provide an example of a new form of community-based engineering education in Rwanda. We draw on Bourdieu’s theories of field and habitus to frame the arguments for an alternative to the current dominant engineering education model. The proposed community engineering education programme has three key facets including the development of critical thinking of students using critical theory, the students’ creation of alternative practices as a result of such critical thinking, and the appropriate pedagogy for delivering the programme. This model programme is aimed to address Rwanda’s endemic problems of economic development, poverty, environment, healthcare and energy. Specifically, it can allow students to develop very much needed, socially and environmentally just engineering systems as well as locally appropriate businesses, thus directly addressing the needs of the country and its people. The programme could apply to any post-conflict situation or indeed any development context.
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Kumar, A., Umesh Prasad, and Raj Kumar Ohdar. "Integrated Energy Planning for Energy Management for Sustainable Development in Rural Areas: A Case Study of Jharkhand Village." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 1104–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46343.
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Abstract: The goal of an energy audit is to balance overall energy inputs with total energy outputs, as well as to locate all energy streams in a site. Recent years have seen a rise in concern about environmental degradation and energy security, which has increased the importance of new and renewable energy sources. The problem will be exacerbated by the rapid depletion of fossil fuel reserves, the poor quality of fuels, the high cost of basic materials plus transportation costs, and, above all, the harm to the environment caused through the use of conventional sources of energy. Clean and green energy, which are non-conventional and renewable energy sources that are environmentally friendly and pollution-free, have arisen as major alternatives to traditional energy sources in such circumstances. Alternative energy sources such as wind, solar energy (thermal and photovoltaic), biomass, and hybrid sources all will contribute significantly to increase power capacity. Private investments, which are encouraged by policies created by the Central and State governments, make up the majority of investment. The Integrated Rural Energy Planning (IREP) Program's goals are to provide rural residents' minimal household energy demands for lighting, heating, and cooking. This paper presents a case study of IREP Programme implemented in the village of Ranchi and Hazaribag districts of Jharkhand state and future energy planning with available resources.
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Núñez-Sánchez, José M., Ramón Gómez-Chacón, Carmen Jambrino-Maldonado, and Jerónimo García-Fernández. "Corporate Well-Being Programme in COVID-19 Times. The Mahou San Miguel Case Study." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 31, 2021): 6189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116189.
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Employees’ health is being affected not only by the possibility of contracting COVID-19, but by all the negative consequences that this pandemic has brought, such as confinement, social distancing, and self-isolation. In recent decades, more companies have opted for corporate well-being programmes in their workplaces, improving the health and quality of life of their employees. The effects generated by the current COVID-19 pandemic require these programmes to adapt to this new situation. The objective of this case study is to analyse the corporate well-being programme, in times of COVID-19, of Mahou San Miguel, a benchmark company in corporate well-being in Spain. A mixed method approach to data collection was used. The findings show the benefits achieved in its adaptation to this new physical-virtual environment. This paper could help other companies around the world to adapt their corporate well-being programmes to the new reality brought about by COVID-19.
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Brown, J., D. Telleria, T. Yankovich, T. Cabianca, and C. Halsall. "Overview of the MODARIA programme (and comments on implications for future programmes of work) *." Journal of Radiological Protection 42, no. 2 (March 25, 2022): 020505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/ac5bdd.
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Abstract The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has organised programmes on the development, comparison and testing of environmental assessment models and approaches for estimating the radiation exposure of humans and wildlife since the 1980s. The latest of these programmes was called MODARIA (Modelling and Data for Radiological Impact Assessment) and was run in two phases from 2012 to 2015 (MODARIA I) and 2016 to 2019 (MODARIA II). Both phases of the MODARIA programme had the overall objective to improve capabilities in the field of environmental transfer of radionuclides and public and non-human biota exposures assessment, by means of acquisition of improved data for model testing and comparison, reaching consensus on modelling philosophies, approaches and parameter values and building an international forum for the exchange of information. This paper provides an overview of the work undertaken during both phases of the MODARIA programme and its outputs. The overall aims and objectives of a new programme to follow on from MODARIA are described.
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Uzunboylu, Hüseyin, Gönül Akçamete, Nilgün Sarp, and Mukaddes Demirok. "Primary Schoolteachers’ Opinions about Gifted Education Programmes in Distance Education." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 19, 2022): 17031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142417031.
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There is a need for scientific information obtained in scientific research environments related to the delivery of curriculum development training for gifted children by primary school teachers in distance education environments. This study aims to evaluate primary schoolteachers’ views on gifted education programmes that can be given through distance education. The research was carried out with 26 classroom teachers teaching in two different public schools in the spring term of the 2021–2022 academic year. The research was carried out according to the qualitative research model. A semi-structured interview form was created, consisting of interview questions about the quality and opinions of classroom teachers regarding education programmes that can be given through distance education. The validity and reliability analysis of the interview form was carried out within the framework of the opinions of field experts. Although the majority of teachers have gifted students, they need a gifted education programme, with the opinion that this training should be given in the hybrid model. When the gifted education programme for teachers is provided in the hybrid model, it is more effective than other models.
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Desai, Falguni Pankaj. "Environment Regulations and Trade in Environment Goods: The Case of India." Journal of Global Economy 15, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v15i2.585.
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The paper weaves together three strands of arguments which, favour trade in environment goods for achieving sustainable development and provides an analyses of potential for trade in environment goods in India. Firstly, there are different paths, models, tools for achieving sustainable development and green economy is one of them. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) defines a green economy as one that results in “improved human well-being and social equity, while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities” (UNEP 2010). The report suggests trade in environment goods and service as one of the strategies towards achieving green economy and sustainable development. International trade is an important engine of development and sustained economic growth. Studies have shown that trade does lead to environment degradation, but trade in cleaner technologies and environment goods can play an important role in sustainable development. Trade can become a powerful vehicle for transferring environmental friendly technology between countries, paving way for sustainable development. India stands to benefit both, from importing environment goods to clean up its environment and exporting environment goods to the world, thus contributing to the goal of sustainable development. Secondly, the 2001 Doha Ministerial Declaration urged members to reduce or eliminate tariff and non-tariff barriers on environmental goods and services, paving way for a triple win situation for trade, the environment and development (WTO, 2001). The reduction or elimination of tariff and non tariff barriers would increase trade in environmental goods which, can help mitigate the adverse impact of increased economic activity on environment. The quality of life of citizens would improve due to better access to clean water, air, sanitation, and clean energy. Moreover, the liberalization of trade in environmental goods will enable developing countries to obtain technology, tools for development addressing environment priorities. Thirdly, new environment regulations, trade liberalization, increased privatization, current programmes of rural electrification, investment in infrastructure projects, government investment in research and capacity building initiatives have increased demand for environmental goods in India. India is partner to a number of international agreements on environmental issues. Legal activism and pressure from NGOs have fostered networking between industries and between industries and NGOs for improving the environment. These pressures from above and below are supporting the growth of the environmental market. It is in this context that the paper examines trade in environment in India.
Keywords: OECD and APEC list of Environment goods, exports, imports, Revealed Comparative Advantage
JEL Classification: F10, F18
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Brooks, M. J. "The development and impact of an outdoor solar thermal test facility." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 16, no. 4 (November 1, 2005): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2005/v16i4a3104.
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A recently established programme of solar thermal energy research at the Mangosuthu Technikon has benefited from the development of an outdoor test facility. STARlab provides a secure and productive environment for conducting equipment tests. A brief description of the facility’s development is given together with its impact on various solar thermal projects, including the characterisation of a solar collector’s performance.
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Krpálek, Pavel, Kateřina Berková, Katarína Krpálková Krelová, Andrea Kubišová, Dagmar Frendlovská, and Stanislav Szabo. "Environmental Education in the Preparation of Students of Tourism and Finance and Management in the Czech Republic." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (August 20, 2020): 6736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176736.
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Higher education includes space for creating cross-cutting competence profiles of future professionals aimed at addressing key sustainability challenges in increasingly complex and global contexts. The research seeks to identify and evaluate the level of engagement in environmental education in study programmes at a career-oriented higher education institution in the Czech Republic. The research sample consisted of 3680 students of the Tourism and Finance and Management study programmes of the College of Polytechnics Jihlava, who participated in work placements in the course of their studies. An educational analysis was applied for qualitative research and evaluation of the level of implementation of the environmental educational component. Quantitative research was based on a questionnaire method, with tests to verify hypotheses being performed at a significance level of 5%. It was proven that the inclusion of an environmental component was influenced by the study programme. This influence was confirmed for the Tourism study programme, while for Finance and Management it was not verified. The environmental component in the Tourism study programme is developed through work placements; however, with regards to major study subjects taught, qualitative research analysing the inclusion of environmental aspects in these subjects proved the opposite. The Finance and Management study programme does not currently use the potential for environmental education development. The research revealed certain drawbacks and uncovered the potential to streamline environmental education at the career-oriented higher education institution.
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Ibáñez García, Alba, Teresa Gallego Álvarez, Mª Dolores García Román, Verónica M. Guillén Martín, Diego Tomé Merchán, and Serafina Castro Zamudio. "University Mentoring Programmes for Gifted High School Students: Satisfaction of Workshops." Sustainability 12, no. 13 (June 30, 2020): 5282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12135282.
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This paper analyses the degree of participant (mentees, mentors, and technical-research team) satisfaction with two university mentoring programmes for pre-university students with high intellectual capacities in Spain. Three versions of a Likert-type scale questionnaire were applied (mentees, mentors, and technical-research team), resulting in a total sample of 43 questionnaires from mentors, 314 from mentees, and 43 from the technical-research team in 43 workshops offered by the GuíaMe-AC-UMA Programme; and 27 questionnaires from mentors, 203 from mentees, and 27 from the technical-research team in the 27 workshops offered by the Amentúrate Programme. The results indicate a high level of satisfaction with the development of the workshops offered by both programmes, on the part of all participants. No significant differences were found in terms of thematic area or gender, although there were differences in age. The participation of the three agents involved in this training offer was very successful, and our results supported the findings of previous investigations. More work is required on the transfer and maintenance of the impact that this type of programme can have on young pre-university students with high abilities.
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Li, Chunying, Haida Tang, Jianhua Ding, and Yuanli Lyu. "Numerical research on thermal performance of water-flow window as hospital curtain-wall." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 01059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911101059.
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Water-flow window can reduce indoor cooling load from direct solar radiation and preheat domestic hot water at the same time. It is quite suitable for hospital with patient wards and large demand of hot water, especially buildings with large area of glazing curtain-wall. Field measurement was carried out during July 2018 at a major comprehensive hospital in Shenzhen, and the inner surface of the four-storey west-facing glazing curtain-wall reached over 45.6oC in the daytime. The year-round energy-saving potential is investigated by applying water-flow window to the curtain-wall through programme simulation, with a pre-validated FORTRAN programme. The results show that the year-round solar energy utilization rate can reach as high as 9.4%, and the indoor thermal environment is better, compared with conventional window design. The preheated water can be used in wards for showering and help building energy conservation. Water-flow window has great potential for large-scale application within similar buildings.
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Formolli, Matteo, Gabriele Lobaccaro, and Jouri Kanters. "Solar Energy in the Nordic Built Environment: Challenges, Opportunities and Barriers." Energies 14, no. 24 (December 13, 2021): 8410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248410.
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Within the framework Solar Heating and Cooling Programme of the International Energy Agency Task 51 “Solar Energy in Urban Planning”, case studies from Norway, Sweden, and Denmark were collected and analyzed through a comparative approach. The cases were first classified based on their urban characterization (existing and new urban areas) and then compared within the same country or in a cross-country perspective according to three areas of interest (i.e., Scale and planning process, Legislation and planning process, Targets and goals). The comparisons follow a common template of five sections describing the role of the involved stakeholders and highlighting challenges, barriers, and opportunities for the deployment of active solar systems and passive solar strategies. Both technical and non-technical aspects are considered. Among the technical aspects, the focus is on the adoption of solar energy strategies (e.g., solar accessibility, daylighting), the estimation of solar potential and energy generation. Regarding the non-technical aspects, the focus is on identifying barriers and challenges for the adoption of solar systems in relation to national and local legislation. The findings show that municipalities can have a crucial role in facilitating the adoption of solar energy solutions in cities by embracing ambitious visions and storytelling, as well as being directly financially involved as owners or subsidizing bodies. The findings also demonstrate the value of the use of indicators to evaluate the performance of masterplans, the combination of analogue and digital tools in the design process, and the performance of solar simulations from early stages to foster awareness among the involved stakeholders. Despite these positives, the Scandinavian legislation on solar energy utilization in the urban context still displays fragilities, making the creation of guidelines a pressing need.
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Rowland, Ruth, Laura Somerville, Sarah Dorman, and Mark Finnerty. "Let's get moving! Improving physical activity amongst rehabilitation patients; a quality improvement project." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S215—S216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.576.
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AimsThis Quality Improvement Project aimed to improve physical activity amongst patients in a 16-bedded, low secure unit in the Downshire Hospital, Northern Ireland. We introduced an exercise programme with the aim of increasing minutes of physical activity per week. Secondary outcome measures were weight, mood and energy levels.This project took place in the context of COVID-19 restrictions having reduced opportunities for off-ward activity and staff noting subsequent deconditioning and weight gain amongst the patient cohort. Cohort consisted largely of patients with a severe mental illness, many of whom had physical health co-mobridities.MethodThis project included all patients in the 16-bedded unit.Baseline data were collected prior to programme introduction, including weekly activity levels and weights. A questionnaire explored patient confidence and attitude towards physical activity.Focus groups were held with patients and staff in order to identify how best to introduce the programme, discuss content, and identify potential barriers.We introduced an eight-week programme of weekly, thirty-minute, mixed ability exercise sessions. These were led collectively by the multi-disciplinary team. Patients actively participated in programme design; choosing session soundtracks and contributing to content planning.Likert scales were used to measure self-report mood and energy levels pre- and post-session. Staff engaged in a weekly post session de-brief, where challenges were identified and solutions suggested. Weekly qualitative feedback was sought from participants. The sessions were thus developed and adapted according to patient and staff feedback over the programme's course.Following the 8-week programme, activity levels and weight were re-measured and compared to baseline. Pre-programme questionnaires were also repeated.ResultPatients reported increased enjoyment and confidence engaging in physical activity, as well as improved overall self- confidence and a sense of pride and ownership of the sessions.Staff reported a more cohesive team environment, greater sense of work-place fulfilment and improved therapeutic relationships.Comparing pre and post session ten-point-Likert scales showed a 153% mean increase in self-rated energy levels and a 98% mean increase in self-rated mood. This reflected a mean score increase of 3.8 in both.Minutes of physical activity per week increased for all session participants, although remained below national guidance.Weight reduction did not occur.ConclusionExercise benefits not only physical health, but also emotional and psychological well-being. This project demonstrates how introduction of a weekly ward-based exercise class can offer this as well as improving working environment, team cohesion and therapeutic relationships. Weight reduction may be observed in the longer term.
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Ádám, László, Krisztián Edőcs, and Einar Tjörvı́ Elı́asson. "Geothermal Power Project 2003–2004: European Union Energy Framework Programme—ALTENER." Geothermics 32, no. 4-6 (August 2003): 471–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-6505(03)00062-2.
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Mancini, Francesco, and Benedetto Nastasi. "Energy Retrofitting Effects on the Energy Flexibility of Dwellings." Energies 12, no. 14 (July 19, 2019): 2788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12142788.
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Electrification of the built environment is foreseen as a main driver for energy transition for more effective, electric renewable capacity firming. Direct and on-time use of electricity is the best way to integrate them, but the current energy demand of residential building stock is often mainly fuel-based. Switching from fuel to electric-driven heating systems could play a key role. Yet, it implies modifications in the building stock due to the change in the temperature of the supplied heat by new heat pumps compared to existing boilers and in power demand to the electricity meter. Conventional energy retrofitting scenarios are usually evaluated in terms of cost-effective energy saving, while the effects on the electrification and flexibility are neglected. In this paper, the improvement of the building envelope and the installations of electric-driven space heating and domestic hot water production systems is analyzed for 419 dwellings. The dwellings database was built by means of a survey among the students attending the Faculty of Architecture at Sapienza University of Rome. A set of key performance indicators were selected for energy and environmental performance. The changes in the energy flexibility led to the viable participation of all the dwellings to a demand response programme.