Journal articles: 'Energetic environmental assessment'

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Xu, Yajing, Ying Huang, Bin Wu, Xiangping Zhang, and Suojiang Zhang. "Biogas upgrading technologies: Energetic analysis and environmental impact assessment." Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 23, no. 1 (January 2015): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjche.2014.09.048.

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Agostinho, Feni, and Enrique Ortega. "Energetic-environmental assessment of a scenario for Brazilian cellulosic ethanol." Journal of Cleaner Production 47 (May 2013): 474–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.05.025.

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Machin, Einara Blanco, Daniel Travieso Pedroso, Daviel Gómez Acosta, Maria Isabel Silva dos Santos, Felipe Solferini de Carvalho, Adrian Blanco Machín, Matías Neira Ortíz, et al. "Techno-Economic and Environmental Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Energetic Valorization." Energies 15, no. 23 (November 24, 2022): 8900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15238900.

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In 2019, Chile generated 20 million tons of waste, 79% of which was not properly disposed of, thereby providing an attractive opportunity for energy generation in advanced thermochemical conversion processes. This study presents a techno-economic and environmental assessment of the implementation of Waste-Integrated Gasifier-Gas Turbine Combined Cycle (WIG-GTCC) technology as an alternative for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) treatment. The studied case assesses the conversion of 14.61 t·h−1 of MSW, which produces a combustible gas with a flow rate of 34.2 t·h −1 and LHV of 5900 kJ·kg−1, which, in turn, is used in a combined cycle to generate 19.58 MW of electrical power. The proposed economic assessment of the technology uses the energy generation processes as a reference, followed by a model for an overall economic evaluation. The results have shown that the profit could be up to USD 24.1 million, and the recovery of investment between 12 and 17 years would improve the environmental impacts of the current disposal technology. The WIG-GTCC has the most efficient conversion route, emitting 0.285 kg CO2 eq/kWh, which represents 48.21% of the potential yield of global warming over 100 years (GWP100) of incineration and 58.51% of the GWP100 of the standard gasification method. The WIG-GTCC would enable the energetic valorization of MSW in Chile, eliminate problems associated with landfill disposal, and increase opportunities for decentralized electricity generation.

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Ancona, Maria Alessandra, Lisa Branchini, Saverio Ottaviano, Maria Chiara Bignozzi, Benedetta Ferrari, Barbara Mazzanti, Marcello Salvio, Claudia Toro, Fabrizio Martini, and Miriam Benedetti. "Energy and Environmental Assessment of Cogeneration in Ceramic Tiles Industry." Energies 16, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010182.

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Ceramic tile manufacturing is a highly energy-intensive process. Concerns about carbon emissions and energy costs make energy management crucial for this sector, which holds a leading role in Italian industry. The paper discusses the energetic and environmental performance of cogeneration (CHP) in the ceramic industry, where prime mover exhaust heat is supplied to a spray-dryer system, contributing to the satisfaction of the thermal demand and decreasing natural gas consumption. A thermodynamic model of a dryer unit, validated against real data, has been set-up to provide a detailed representation of the thermal fluxes involved in the process. Then, the thermal integration with two types of CHP prime movers of similar electric size (4 MW) is investigated. Energetic results show that the gas turbine can contribute up to 81% of dryer thermal consumption, whilst internal combustion engine contribution is limited to 26%. A methodology was ad-hoc defined for the environmental assessment of CHP, accounting for global (CO2) and local (CO and NOX) emissions. Results confirm that CHP units guarantee reduction of CO2 and NOx compared to separate generation, with maximum values equal to 81 g/kWhth and 173 mg/kWhth, respectively; CO emission is decreased only in the case of gas turbine operation, with savings equal to 185 mg/kWhth.

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Gonzalez-Carrillo, Alejandro, Raziel Ruiz-Cabrera, Quetzalcoatl Cruz Hernandez-Escobedo, Aranzazú Fernández-García, and Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro. "Wave energy resource assessment at southern coast of the Gulf of Mexico." DYNA 82, no. 193 (October 20, 2015): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v82n193.45530.

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Find alternative energy sources is one of the challenges that came with XXI century and this paper makes an analysis about wave energy, which presents several advantages over fossil based energy and even other renewable energy sources. Among them are its low environmental impact and its high energy density. Wave energy is beginning to be considered as an important and promising renewable resource in many countries. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the wave energy potential at the southern coast of the Gulf of Mexico; the sea states were observed and was obtained that the available mean wave power is 55.91 W/m. In addition, this paper shows that, in the study site, the most energetic season is fall and the less energetic season is spring. This differs from the global trend, were the most energetic season is winter, and the less energetic season is spring.

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Ferreira, José V., and Idalina Domingos. "Assessment of Portuguese thermal building legislation in an energetic and environmental perspective." Energy and Buildings 43, no. 12 (December 2011): 3729–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.09.007.

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Rivoire, Matteo, Alessandro Casasso, Bruno Piga, and Rajandrea Sethi. "Assessment of Energetic, Economic and Environmental Performance of Ground-Coupled Heat Pumps." Energies 11, no. 8 (July 26, 2018): 1941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11081941.

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Ground-coupled heat pumps (GCHPs) have a great potential for reducing the cost and climate change impact of building heating, cooling, and domestic hot water (DHW). The high installation cost is a major barrier to their diffusion but, under certain conditions (climate, building use, alternative fuels, etc.), the investment can be profitable in the long term. We present a comprehensive modeling study on GCHPs, performed with the dynamic energy simulation software TRNSYS, reproducing the operating conditions of three building types (residential, office, and hotel), with two insulation levels of the building envelope (poor/good), with the climate conditions of six European cities. Simulation results highlight the driving variables for heating/cooling peak loads and yearly demand, which are the input to assess economic performance and environmental benefits of GCHPs. We found that, in Italy, GCHPs are able to reduce CO2 emissions up to 216 g CO2/year per euro spent. However, payback times are still quite high, i.e., from 8 to 20 years. This performance can be improved by changing taxation on gas and electricity and using hybrid systems, adding a fossil-fuel boiler to cover peak heating loads, thus reducing the overall installation cost compared to full-load sized GCHP systems.

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Stan, Constantin, Cosmin Marculescu, and Adrian Badea. "ENERGETIC POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT OF POULTRY WASTE PROCESSING INDUSTRY." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 11, no. 9 (2012): 1567–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2012.196.

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Batlle, Eric Alberto Ocampo, Alisson Aparecido Vitoriano Julio, York Castillo Santiago, José Carlos Escobar Palácio, Edson Da Costa Bortoni, Luiz Augusto Horta Nogueira, Marcos Vinicius Xavier Dias, and Aldemar Martínez González. "Brazilian integrated oilpalm-sugarcane biorefinery: An energetic, exergetic, economic, and environmental (4E) assessment." Energy Conversion and Management 268 (September 2022): 116066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116066.

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Chen, Jialing, Xian Li, Yanjun Dai, and Chi-Hwa Wang. "Energetic, economic, and environmental assessment of a Stirling engine based gasification CCHP system." Applied Energy 281 (January 2021): 116067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116067.

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Allouhi, A. "Energetic, exergetic, economic and environmental (4 E) assessment process of wind power generation." Journal of Cleaner Production 235 (October 2019): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.06.299.

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Wang, Junyao, Shuangjun Li, Shuai Deng, Xuelan Zeng, Kaixiang Li, Jianping Liu, Jiahui Yan, and Libin Lei. "Energetic and Life Cycle Assessment of Direct Air Capture: A Review." Sustainable Production and Consumption 36 (March 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2022.12.017.

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Castillo Santiago, York, Aldemar Martínez González, Osvaldo J. Venturini, Leandro A. Sphaier, and Eric A. Ocampo Batlle. "Energetic and environmental assessment of oil sludge use in a gasifier/gas microturbine system." Energy 244 (April 2022): 123103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.123103.

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Mohabat Doost, Danial, Alessandra Buffa, Grazia Brunetta, Stefano Salata, and Guglielmina Mutani. "Mainstreaming Energetic Resilience by Morphological Assessment in Ordinary Land Use Planning. The Case Study of Moncalieri, Turin (Italy)." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (May 30, 2020): 4443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114443.

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Energetic resilience is seen as one of the most prominent fields of investigation in the upcoming years. The increasing efficiency of urban systems depends on the conversion of energetic production of buildings, and therefore, from the capacity of urban systems to be more rational in the use of renewable resources. Nevertheless, the integration of the energetic regulation into the ordinary urban planning documents is far from being reached in most of planning processes. In Italy, mainstreaming energetic resilience in ordinary land use planning appears particularly challenging, even in those Local Administrations that tried to implement the national legislation into Local Building Regulation. In this work, an empirical methodology to provide an overall assessment of the solar production capacity has been applied to selected indicators of urban morphology among the different land use parcel-zones, while implementing a geographic information system-based approach to the city of Moncalieri, Turin (Italy). Results demonstrate that, without exception, the current minimum energy levels required by law are generally much lower than the effective potential solar energy production that each land use parcel-zone could effectively produce. We concluded that local planning processes should update their land use plans to reach environmental sustainability targets, while at the same time the energetic resilience should be mainstreamed in urban planning by an in-depth analysis of the effective morphological constraints. These aspects may also represent a contribution to the international debates on energetic resilience and on the progressive inclusion of energy subjects in the land use planning process.

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Gurică, Crina-Adriana, and Mircea Georgescu. "Environmental Impact Assessment Related by Energy Sector in Rovinari Mining Area." Mining Revue 27, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 59–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/minrv-2021-0017.

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Abstract In this article an impact assessment is carried out, generated by activities in the energy sector related to Rovinari mining area. Energy-related activities in this area are carried out by open pit mining activities in the context of Tismana, Roșia, Pinoasa, Peşteana and Rovinari locations and Rovinari thermal power plant. Some information that has formed the input for the author’s approach has been provided by SC. Complexul Energetic Oltenia SA (CEO) and S.C. Institute of Scientific Research, Technological Engineering and Mine Designs on Lignite S.A. Craiova (ICSITPML) which has been processed, analysed and used for the presented environmental impact assessment. Two methods from specialized studies have been used for the impact assessment, namely: the Matrix Method for Rapid Impact Assessment (MERI) and the Method for Integrated Quantitative Impact and Risk Assessment of Environmental Pollution (EIRM). Based on the analysis carried out, it can be concluded that the activity in this sector does not lead to significant negative effects strictly associated with it.

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Mehmood, Sajid, Serguey A. Maximov, Hannah Chalmers, and Daniel Friedrich. "Energetic, Economic and Environmental (3E) Assessment and Design of Solar-Powered HVAC Systems in Pakistan." Energies 13, no. 17 (August 21, 2020): 4333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174333.

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Rapid urbanization, global warming and enhanced quality of life have significantly increased the demand of indoor thermal comfort and air conditioning systems are not a luxury anymore, but a necessity. In order to fulfil this need, it is imperative to develop affordable and environmentally friendly cooling solutions for buildings. In this work, the 3E performance (energetic, economic and environmental) of electrically driven water-cooled vapour compression systems and thermally (solar) driven vapour absorption cooling systems are evaluated and the parameters affecting the performance of solar-driven vapour absorption systems are investigated. The energy simulation software TRNSYS is used to simulate the performance of both systems in order to fulfil the cooling needs of an industrial manufacturing building for the typical climate conditions for Lahore, Pakistan. Primary energy saving, initial investment, operational cost, and carbon footprint indices are used to analyse the performance of both systems. In addition, a parametric code is written in Python and linked with TRNSYS to perform a parametric study to investigate the effects of various parameters such as solar field size, storage tank volume, optimum annual and monthly collector angles, and flow rate in the solar field on the solar-driven vapour absorption chiller performance. The results reveal that around 5% more energy can be absorbed per collector surface area by changing the solar tilt angle on a monthly basis compared to one fixed angle. The analysis shows that electrically driven vapour compression-based cooling systems have much higher running cost and are potentially hazardous for the environment but have lower capital costs. On the other hand, solar thermal systems have lower running costs and emissions but require further reductions in the capital costs or government subsidies to make them viable.

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López-González, D., M. Puig-Gamero, F. G. Acién, F. García-Cuadra, J. L. Valverde, and L. Sanchez-Silva. "Energetic, economic and environmental assessment of the pyrolysis and combustion of microalgae and their oils." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 51 (November 2015): 1752–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.022.

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López González, Lisbet Mailin, Ileana Pereda Reyes, Julio Pedraza Garciga, Ernesto L. Barrera, and Osvaldo Romero Romero. "Energetic, economic and environmental assessment for the anaerobic digestion of pretreated and codigested press mud." Waste Management 102 (February 2020): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.10.053.

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Ng, Kok Siew, and Elias Martinez Hernandez. "A systematic framework for energetic, environmental and economic (3E) assessment and design of polygeneration systems." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 106 (February 2016): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2015.11.017.

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Sobotka, Anna, and Zbigniew Rolak. "MULTI‐ATTRIBUTE ANALYSIS FOR THE ECO‐ENERGETIC ASSESSMENT OF THE BUILDING LIFE CYCLE." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 15, no. 4 (December 31, 2009): 593–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1392-8619.2009.15.593-611.

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In the recent years, attention has been attracted to the development of activities (developing and implementation of standards, directives, regulations, policies etc.) related to the environmental protection and implementation of the principles of sustainable development. Also in Poland, principles ofthat concept are put into practice. There is, however, a shortage of elaborations which the future investor or designer could, in an easy way, utilise for the selection of environment‐friendly materials, technologies, building utilities and so forth, i.e. to design a facility which causes the least harm possible to the environment, maintaining at the same time low energy demand during its life cycle. According to the philosophy of environmental protection, a building design should take into consideration its entire life cycle, and its structure and utilities should allow the supplies of energy needed for heating to be eliminated while using the building. The present paper aims to give multi‐attribute analysis for assessment of building variants, which utilises the Life Cycle Assessment method (LCA). The method defines a number of so‐called environmental impact categories, which include criteria to be considered while selecting a solution, which minimises such impacts. The most important of them and costs are taken into account in the multi‐criteria analysis for optimum solution selection. The results of eco‐energetic assessment of variants house are grounds to supporting decisions in programming, designing and performing houses, taking into consideration numerous others aspects (usable, technical, social etc.). Santrauka Pastaraisiais metais pasaulyje vis daugiau dėmesio skiriama aplinkosaugai ir darnaus vystymosi principų įgyvendinimui (politikos formavimui, standartų, direktyvų kūrimui ir įgyvendinimui). Lenkijoje taip pat bandoma įgyvendinti šiuos principus. Tačiau iki šiol stigo tipinių sprendimų, kuriuos investuotojas ar projektuotojas galėtų pritaikyti nekenksmingų aplinkai medžiagų, technologijų ir inžinerinių sistemų pasirinkimui, t. y. suprojektuoti pastatą, darantį mažiausiai žalos aplinkai, tuo pat metu sunaudojantį mažai energijos per visą savo gyvavimo ciklą. Pagal aplinkosaugos koncepciją pastatas turi būti suprojektuotas atsižvelgiant į visą jo gyvavimo ciklą, o jo konstrukcija ir inžinerinės sistemos turėtų užtikrinti minimalų poreikį šildyti eksploatuojamą pastatą. Straipsnyje pateikiama daugiakriterinė pastato variantų analizė atsižvelgiant į jo gyvavimo ciklą. Metodas įvertina rodikliais apibūdinamas poveikio aplinkai kategorijas, paskui priimamas sprendimas, užtikrinantis mažiausią poveikį aplinkai. Atliekant daugiakriterinę analizę ir priimant optimalų sprendimą vertinami svarbiausieji poveikiai ir kaina. Ekoenerginio pastato variantų vertinimo rezultatai yra pagrindas sprendimams priimti projektuojant ir eksploatuojant pastatus, taip pat vertinant kitus aspektus (eksploatacinius, socialinius).

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Marques, Taís Eliane, York Castillo Santiago, Maria Luiza Grillo Renó, Diego Mauricio Yepes Maya, Leandro Alcoforado Sphaier, Yunye Shi, and Albert Ratner. "Environmental and Energetic Evaluation of Refuse-Derived Fuel Gasification for Electricity Generation." Processes 9, no. 12 (December 14, 2021): 2255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9122255.

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In this work, an energetic and environmental evaluation of the electricity generation process through refuse-derived fuel (RDF) gasification coupled to a gas microturbine (GM) was performed. Two scenarios are considered with different gasification agents in RDF gasification modeling: air and air enriched with oxygen. A thermodynamic chemical equilibrium approach was used to analyze the gasification parameters. The results of RDF gasification indicate a maximum value of syngas low heating value (LHV) equal to 8.0 MJ/Nm3, obtained for an equivalence ratio of 0.3. The use of these syngas in the gas microturbine produces 79.6 kW of electrical power. For the environmental evaluation of gasification and electricity generation systems, the Life Cycle Assessment methodology was employed. The calculated environmental impacts indicate that the emission of contaminants from fossil fuel combustion (in the stage of transport by heavy load vehicles) and that the electricity consumption for equipment operation (in the stage of municipal solid waste pretreatment) contributes to environmental pollution. On the other hand, electricity generation through GM presented lower environmental impact for all analyzed categories, suggesting that the electricity generation from gas obtained from gasification could be a viable option for thermochemical conversion of RDF and its subsequent energetic use.

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Malinowski, Mateusz, and Katarzyna Wolny-Koładka. "Microbiological and Energetic Assessment of the Effects of the Biodrying of Fuel Produced from Waste." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 24, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 551–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eces-2017-0036.

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AbstractBiological drying (biodrying) is one of the methods of biological processing of waste, used mainly as part of the mechanical biological treatment of mixed municipal waste. Biological drying uses the heat released during the decomposition of organic matter to reduce the amount of water in dried waste. The aim of the analyses was to provide a microbiological and energetic (fuel) assessment of the process of biodrying of alternative fuel (RDF) obtained by mechanical sorting of mixed municipal waste. The resulting alternative fuel (obtained with just sorting) is characterised by varied moisture content and the presence of diverse groups of microorganisms. The analyses were intended to assess 3 alternative methods of biodrying of alternative fuel in order to produce a stable end product for utility power generation and the cement industry. The analyses were performed using special bioreactors equipped with custom (innovative) fluidised bed, aeration system (air flow rate 500 m3· h−1), effluents drain systems, post-process air offtake and 4 temperature sensors. The assessment of the impact of the employed bed aeration methods on the quality of the alternative fuel was performed in 3 repetitions with the same external parameters. The obtained results show that after 8 days of biodrying, in the most favourable option, the moisture content in the fuel was reduced to the level of 18.7%, i.e. by 39%, the resulting fuel was microbiologically stable and the calorific value of the fuel was increased on average by 3.2 MJ · kg−1.

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Panagopoulos, Argyris. "Energetic, economic and environmental assessment of zero liquid discharge (ZLD) brackish water and seawater desalination systems." Energy Conversion and Management 235 (May 2021): 113957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2021.113957.

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Banks, Charles J., Andrew M. Salter, Sonia Heaven, and Keith Riley. "Energetic and environmental benefits of co-digestion of food waste and cattle slurry: A preliminary assessment." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 56, no. 1 (November 2011): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.09.006.

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Guillou, Nicolas, George Lavidas, and Georges Chapalain. "Wave Energy Resource Assessment for Exploitation—A Review." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 9 (September 11, 2020): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8090705.

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Over recent decades, the exploitation of wave energy resources has sparked a wide range of technologies dedicated to capturing the available power with maximum efficiency, reduced costs, and minimum environmental impacts. These different objectives are fundamental to guarantee the development of the marine wave energy sector, but require also refined assessments of available resource and expected generated power to optimize devices designs and locations. We reviewed here the most recent resource characterizations starting from (i) investigations based on available observations (in situ and satellite) and hindcast databases to (ii) refined numerical simulations specifically dedicated to wave power assessments. After an overall description of formulations and energy metrics adopted in resource characterization, we exhibited the benefits, limitations and potential of the different methods discussing results obtained in the most energetic locations around the world. Particular attention was dedicated to uncertainties in the assessment of the available and expected powers associated with wave–climate temporal variability, physical processes (such as wave–current interactions), model implementation and energy extraction. This up-to-date review provided original methods complementing the standard technical specifications liable to feed advanced wave energy resource assessment.

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Andrade, Larissa Renata Santos, Raul José Alves Felisardo, Ianny Andrade Cruz, Muhammad Bilal, Hafiz M. N. Iqbal, Sikandar I. Mulla, Ram Naresh Bharagava, Ranyere Lucena de Souza, Lucas Carvalho Basilio Azevedo, and Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira. "Integrated Biorefinery and Life Cycle Assessment of Cassava Processing Residue–From Production to Sustainable Evaluation." Plants 11, no. 24 (December 18, 2022): 3577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11243577.

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Commonly known as a subsistence culture, cassava came to be considered a commodity and key to adding value. However, this tuber’s processing for starch and flour production is responsible for generating a large amount of waste that causes serious environmental problems. This biomass of varied biochemical composition has excellent potential for producing fuels (biogas, bioethanol, butanol, biohydrogen) and non-energetic products (succinic acid, glucose syrup, lactic acid) via biorefinery. However, there are environmental challenges, leading to uncertainties related to the sustainability of biorefineries. Thus, the provision of information generated in life cycle assessment (LCA) can help reduce bottlenecks found in the productive stages, making production more competitive. Within that, this review concentrates information on the production of value-added products, the environmental impact generated, and the sustainability of biorefineries.

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Chellali, Farouk, Kabouche Nourdine, and Abdelmadjid Recioui. "A Review on Solar Radiation Assessment and Forecasting in Algeria (Part 1: Solar Radiation Assessment)." Algerian Journal of Signals and Systems 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 75–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.51485/ajss.v6i2.133.

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Solar energy takes a prime place in the energetic transition towards renewable energies. Solar radiation data plays a major role in the expansion of this energy. However, the unavailability of these data due to the reduced number of meteorological stations has imposed the use of various solar radiation estimation and prediction models. Moreover, the geostrategic location of Algeria, its enormous area and its huge solar potential places it among the promising solar energy countries. The main objective of this part is to review the studies done upon estimation and assessment of solar radiation for Algerian sites. Different techniques are proposed including semi-empirical models, satellite imaging and solar maps. The study shows that semi-empirical models have been the most widely used due to the unavailability of solar data.

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Daneshgar, Saba, Armando Buttafava, Arianna Callegari, and Andrea G. Capodaglio. "Economic and energetic assessment of different phosphorus recovery options from aerobic sludge." Journal of Cleaner Production 223 (June 2019): 729–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.195.

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Morin, Philippe, Bernard Marcos, Christine Moresoli, and Claude B. Laflamme. "Economic and environmental assessment on the energetic valorization of organic material for a municipality in Quebec, Canada." Applied Energy 87, no. 1 (January 2010): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.07.007.

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Giraldi-Díaz, Mario, Lorena De Medina-Salas, Eduardo Castillo-González, and Rosario León-Lira. "Environmental Impact Associated with the Supply Chain and Production of Grounding and Roasting Coffee through Life Cycle Analysis." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (December 5, 2018): 4598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124598.

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Coffee is the beverage resulting from the infusion of roasted and ground seeds of the coffee fruit. It is one of the most commercialized products in the world and represents a high interest agro-industrial product in Mexico. The demand for this product has grown in great measure in the last decade, thus it is becoming more important to make environmental and energetic evaluations of its manufacturing process. In this sense, life cycle assessment (LCA) is a useful tool for the purposes of this study, as it quantifies the wake of environmental impacts associated to the production and supply chain from its inputs and outputs of the product system. Therefore, the impact categories studied were carbon, energetic, and water footprints. The cultivation phase led to global contributions between 61% and 67% in magnitude for energy and carbon footprints, respectively; meanwhile, the coffee benefit process was the phase with the most contributions to the water footprint (54%). The residual biomass from the product system used as the energy supply within the coffee drying sub-phase represented energy savings of around 41% in comparison to the use of conventional fossil fuels, thus reducing the global impact associated to the system’s product.

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Hasler, Caleb T., Lucas B. Pon, David W. Roscoe, Brent Mossop, David A. Patterson, Scott G. Hinch, and Steven J. Cooke. "Expanding the “toolbox” for studying the biological responses of individual fish to hydropower infrastructure and operating strategies." Environmental Reviews 17, NA (December 2009): 179–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a09-008.

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To date, few studies have evaluated sub-organismal responses (e.g., physiological or energetic consequences) of individual fish to hydropower infrastructure (e.g., fishways, turbines) or operations (e.g., fluctuating flows, low flows). The field of “conservation physiology” (i.e., the use of physiological information to enhance conservation) is expanding rapidly and has great promise for hydropower research. However, there is a need to both expand the “toolbox” available to practitioners and to validate these tools for use in this context. This synthetic report details the behavioural, energetic, genomic, molecular, forensic, isotopic, and physiological tools available for studying sub-organismal responses of fish to hydropower infrastructure and operating procedures with a critical assessment of their benefits and limitations. Furthermore, this paper provides two case studies where behavioural, energetic, and physiological tools have been used in hydropower settings. Progressive and interdisciplinary approaches to hydropower research are needed to advance the science of sustainable river regulation and hydropower development. The expanded toolbox could be used by practitioners to assess fishway performance, migration delays, and fish responses to fluctuating flows through a more mechanistic approach than can be offered by only focusing on population metrics or indices of community structure. These tools are also relevant for the evaluation of other anthropogenic impacts such as water withdrawal for irrigation or drinking water, habitat alteration, and fisheries interactions.

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López González, Lisbet Mailín, Ileana Pereda Reyes, Julio Pedraza Gárciga, Ernesto L. Barrera, and Osvaldo Romero Romero. "Effects of press- mud pre-treatment on the feasibility of biogas production." Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia, no. 92 (May 23, 2019): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.20190520.

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In this study, an energetic, economic and environmental feasibility for the anaerobic digestion (AD) of press mud previously pretreated with liquid hot water (LHW) or thermo-alkaline (TA) methods were assessed. A typical Cuban sugar mill was selected as ¨Case Study¨. The sugar mill has a potential capacity to process 4600 t d-1of sugar cane and operates 130 days per year. The biogas produced can be used to feed an internal combustion engine to produce electricity and heat. It was assumed that the electricity will be sold to the national electric grid and the heat recovered from the exhaust gases will be used as energy source to supply the thermal demand for press mud pre-treatments. The thermal requirements for pre-treatments (9.4 and 12.1 MWh d-1) were energy sufficient by recovering the heat from the engine exhaust. For the alternatives considered, an improvement of the environmental profile with respect to the reference scenario was obtained. The profitability of methane production also increased for alternatives considering pre-treatment. In general, the economical, energetic and environmental assessment showed the best indicators for the AD of press mud using LHW pre-treatment.

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Abraham, Juliana, Yanxia Lin, Abhishek RoyChowdhury, Christos Christodoulatos, Matthew Conway, Benjamin Smolinski, and Washington Braida. "Algae toxicological assessment and valorization of energetic-laden wastewater streams using Scenedesmus obliquus." Journal of Cleaner Production 202 (November 2018): 838–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.148.

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Nigg, Carina, Amie Wallman-Jones, Marco Giurgiu, Mirko Schmidt, and Valentin Benzing. "Associations between sedentary time and momentary mood in daily life are independent of contextual factors." Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) 8, no. 2 (February 14, 2023): 052. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/2023.2ciss052.

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Introduction First studies indicate that sedentary time relates negatively to mood in everyday life (Giurgiu et al., 2019). Less is known regarding how these relationships are moderated by contextual factors, such as social situation and environmental location, which are factors that may reinforce or mitigate the negative association between sedentary time and mood and hence may provide potential to intervene upon the negative effects of sedentary behavior. Hence, this study aimed to explore the interplay between sedentary time and contextual factors regarding momentary mood in everyday life. Method We recruited 73 university students (48% female, Mage = 21.64 ±2.52 years, MBMI = 22.88 ±2.26) to participate in an observational ambulatory assessment study. We continuously measured sedentary time and physical activity via a thigh-worn accelerometer for seven consecutive days. Participants filled in an established momentary mood questionnaire up to ten times a day on movement-triggered e-diaries. In addition, they reported their social company (alone vs. with others) and their location (indoor vs. outdoors) during the 15 min time frame preceding the prompt. We analyzed the data using multilevel modeling. Results: Analyzing the 15 min prior the e-diary prompt, main effects models revealed that sedentary time was associated with decreased energetic arousal only (B = -0.57, p < 0.001). Being with others compared to being alone was associated with increased valence (B = 2.96, p < 0.001), energetic arousal (B = 1.93, p = 0.032), and increased calmness (B = 3.89, p < 0.001). Location was unrelated to all mood dimensions. Moderation analysis did not show significant interactions between sedentary time and both the social situation and the location. Discussion Both sedentary time and social company are associated with mood in everyday life, however, in this study, these associations appear to be independent of each other. For energetic arousal, this may indicate that the mechanisms by which sedentary time influences energetic arousal is predominantly physiological (Thyfault et al., 2015), leaving little room for influence from contextual factors. While this study investigated two well-known contextual factors, future studies should expand this research to other contextual factors (e.g., noise assessment, air pollution) and apply more fine-grained objective measures of contextual factors instead of self-report, such as continuous geolocation tracking for the assessment of the environmental location or noise assessment. This may help to identify factors that mitigate the negative effects of sedentary behavior on mood and provide a basis for developing guidelines regarding sedentary behavior. References Giurgiu, M., Koch, E. D., Ottenbacher, J., Plotnikoff, R. C., Ebner‐Priemer, U. W., & Reichert, M. (2019). Sedentary behavior in everyday life relates negatively to mood: An ambulatory assessment study. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 29(9), 1340-1351. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13448 Thyfault, J. P., Du, M., Kraus, W. E., Levine, J. A., & Booth, F. W. (2015). Physiology of sedentary behavior and its relationship to health outcomes. Medicine & Science in & Exercise, 47(6), 1301-1305. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000000518

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Meier-Dotzler, Christina, Hannes Harter, Farzan Banihashemi, and Werner Lang. "Comparative Life Cycle Assessment on City Quarter Level – A Case Study of Redensification." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2042, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2042/1/012171.

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Abstract The German and European climate action programs and the ongoing discussion of resource efficiency require an in-depth analysis of the building sector, especially with the background of the German refurbishment backlog and high energy demands of the German building stock. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) on the city quarter level allows fast and efficient evaluation of environmental impacts, emissions, and energy demands of densification in urban areas. This study presents LCA results for a specific urban city quarter. Thereby environmental and energetic values for specific building ages are developed and used to conduct LCA for the building construction and technical building services components. A 3D city model in CityGML-format of residential buildings serves as the basis for assessment. The results can be used to identify decisive drivers of energy demands and emissions and the saving potentials of different building development scenarios.

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Andrei, Horia, Cristian Andrei Badea, Paul Andrei, and Filippo Spertino. "Energetic-Environmental-Economic Feasibility and Impact Assessment of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System in Wastewater Treatment Plant: Case Study." Energies 14, no. 1 (December 27, 2020): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010100.

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Wastewater treatment plants and power generation constitute inseparable parts of present society. So the growth of wastewater treatment plants is accompanied by an increase in the energy consumption, and a sustainable development implies the use of renewable energy sources on a large scale in the power generation. A case study of the synergy between wastewater treatment plants and photovoltaic systems, aiming to improve the energetic, environmental and economic impacts, is presented. Based on data acquisition, the energy consumption analysis of wastewater treatment plant reveals that the highest demand is during April, and the lowest is during November. The placement of photovoltaic modules is designed to maximize the use of free space on the technological area of wastewater treatment plant in order to obtain a power output as high as possible. The peak consumption of wastewater treatment plant occurs in April, however the peak production of the photovoltaic is in July, so electrochemical batteries can partly compensate for this mismatch. The impact of the photovoltaic system connectivity on power grid is assessed by means of the matching-index method and the storage battery significantly improves this parameter. Carbon credit and energy payback time are used to assess the environmental impact. The results prove that the photovoltaic system mitigates 12,118 tons of carbon and, respectively, the embedded energy is compensated by production in 8 ½ years. The economic impact of the photovoltaic system is analyzed by the levelized cost of energy, and the results show that the price of energy from the photovoltaic source is below the current market price of energy.

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García-Velásquez, Carlos A., and Carlos A. Cardona. "Comparison of the biochemical and thermochemical routes for bioenergy production: A techno-economic (TEA), energetic and environmental assessment." Energy 172 (April 2019): 232–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.01.073.

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Schneider, Franziska, Tony Szuppa, Achim Stolle, Bernd Ondruschka, and Henning Hopf. "Energetic assessment of the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction: a curtate life cycle assessment as an easily understandable and applicable tool for reaction optimization." Green Chemistry 11, no. 11 (2009): 1894. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b915744c.

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Sanytsky, Myroslav, Robert Sekret, and Mariusz Wojcikiewicz. "Energetic and Ecological Analysis of Energy Saving and Passive Houses." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2012): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10299-012-0020-3.

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Abstract In this paper results of influence of building-installation system parameters on value of energetic coefficients were calculated. Three types of buildings (standard, energy saving and low energy) with heating surface of 100, 150 i 200 m2 were used. The above types of buildings differ on thermal barrier and heating system efficiency. The influence of the gravity and mechanical ventilation systems on the final heat energy of different kinds of houses was shown. Parameters of the certificate for energy characteristics of building were used. Mathematics models of influence of thermal barrier parameters and heating surface on the value of energy characteristics, namely final energy EF, primary energy EP and useful energy EU were established. Influence of such parameters as heating energy factors, ventilation system and energy sources on the energy efficiency improvement of buildings was analyzed. The building environmental assessment system was proposed on the base of energetic and ecological analysis of houses.

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Gehrmann, Hans-Joachim, Markus Hiebel, and Franz-Georg Simon. "Methods for the Evaluation of Waste Treatment Processes." Journal of Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3567865.

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Decision makers for waste management are confronted with the problem of selecting the most economic, environmental, and socially acceptable waste treatment process. This paper elucidates evaluation methods for waste treatment processes for the comparison of ecological and economic aspects such as material flow analysis, statistical entropy analysis, energetic and exergetic assessment, cumulative energy demand, and life cycle assessment. The work is based on the VDI guideline 3925. A comparison of two thermal waste treatment plants with different process designs and energy recovery systems was performed with the described evaluation methods. The results are mainly influenced by the type of energy recovery, where the waste-to-energy plant providing district heat and process steam emerged to be beneficial in most aspects. Material recovery options from waste incineration were evaluated according to sustainability targets, such as saving of resources and environmental protection.

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Maurer, M., P. Schwegler, and T. A. Larsen. "Nutrients in urine: energetic aspects of removal and recovery." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 1 (July 1, 2003): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0011.

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The analysis of different removal and recovery techniques for nutrients in urine shows that in many cases recovery is energetically more efficient than removal and new-production from natural resources. Considering only the running electricity and fossil energy requirements for the traditional way of wastewater treatment and fertiliser production, the following specific energy requirements can be calculated: 45 MJ kg-1N for denitrification in a WWTP, 49 MJ kg-1P for P-precipitation in a WWTP, 45 MJ kg-1N for N-fertiliser and 29 MJ kg-1P for P-fertiliser production. These numbers are higher than the values derived for thermal volume reduction of urine (35 MJ kg-1N for eliminating 90% water) or production of struvite (102 MJ kg-1N, including 2.2 kg P). Considering only the electricity and fossil energy for the traditional way of wastewater treatment and fertiliser production, the energy value of 1 PE urine is 0.87 MJ PE-1d-1 (fertiliser value: 0.44, wastewater treatment: 0.43 MJ PE-1d-1). A more detailed life cycle assessment (LCA) of the entire urine collection system, including the required materials and the environmental burden, support the energy analysis. The LCA compares conventional denitrification in a wastewater treatment plant with collecting urine in households, reducing the volume by evaporation and using it as a multi-nutrient fertiliser. The primary energy consumption for recovery and reuse of urine, including the nutrients N, P and K, is calculated with 65 MJ kg-1N, compared with 153 MJ kg-1N derived for the conventional 'recycling over the atmosphere'.

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Liang, Peichao, Yingqi Guo, On Fung Chan, Cheryl Hiu-Kwan Chui, Yuqi Liu, Shiyu Lu, and Terry Lum. "URBAN ENVIRONMENT AND AFFECTIVE STATES IN REAL TIME: AN ECOLOGICAL MOMENTARY ASSESSMENT STUDY OF OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 862–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.3085.

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Abstract Older adults are more dependent on their surrounding environment. Extensive research has demonstrated beneficial effects of both nature and built environment on mental health of older people. However, most previous research used cross-sectional designs failed to test the intraindividual variability between environment, behavior, and mental wellness in daily life. We used ecological momentary assessment (EMA), activity sensors, and GPS tracking to examine the association between real-time environment, mobility and activity, and momentary affect among older adults in Hong Kong. Data collection and data processing was conducted from December 2021 to May 2022. 168 older adults aged 65 to 84 received seven EMA prompts per day during a fifteen-day period, and completed a total of 17,345 momentary assessments of affective states, mobility, and activities. A set of GPS-derived indicators were used to measure the real-time environment. To disaggregate the between- and within-person effects, we used multilevel models to estimate three dimensions of affect, i.e., valence, calmness, and energetic arousal, in EMA observations, nested within individual participants. Preliminary results indicate significant concurrent associations between environmental attributes and momentary affect at the within-person level, while the between-person differences appear to be either null or modest. Being out of home is associated with higher valence ratings (b=0.04, p=0.0427), while exposure to green is associated with a lower level of energetic arousal (b=-0.03, p=0.0163). Greater walkability is consistently associated with higher momentary affect ratings in three dimensions, but these associations are not statistically significant. Implications of these findings for promoting healthy aging will be discussed.

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Tzanakakis, V. A., M. K. Chatzakis, and A. N. Angelakis. "Energetic environmental and economic assessment of three tree species and one herbaceous crop irrigated with primary treated sewage effluent." Biomass and Bioenergy 47 (December 2012): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.09.051.

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Martinez-Hernandez, Elias, Moisés Magdaleno Molina, Luis A. Melgarejo Flores, Ma Esther Palmerín Ruiz, Juan A. Zermeño EguiaLis, Andrés Rosas Molina, Jorge Aburto, and Myriam A. Amezcua-Allieri. "Energy-water nexus strategies for the energetic valorization of orange peels based on techno-economic and environmental impact assessment." Food and Bioproducts Processing 117 (September 2019): 380–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2019.08.002.

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Spekreijse, Weide, Hageman, Reumerman, Wetter, Brügging, and Vis. "Life Cycle Assessment on a Biorefinery Approach to Pyrolysis Oil for Wood Modification Treatment." Applied Sciences 9, no. 20 (October 10, 2019): 4233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9204233.

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The use of pyrolysis-based wood conservation is a good alternative for the use of fossil-based creosotes. In this life cycle assessment (LCA) the environmental impact of a biorefinery approach of pyrolysis oil from forestry residues or maize digestate and its application as wood modification treatment is determined. The damage to ecosystems, damage to human health and the increased resource scarcity is studied using an attributional LCA and a sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. Based on data from an existing pyrolysis plant, it is shown that pyrolysis oil from maize digestate has a significantly higher environmental impact than pyrolysis oil from forestry residues. This is due to a lower energetic yield and a higher ash content in the feedstock. The biorefinery approach of using pyrolytic sugars as wood modification treatment shows significantly lower environmental impacts than the fossil-based creosotes, regardless of the selected end of life scenario, due to a lower toxicity and by a reduction of 82% of greenhouse gases. This shows that in addition to energy production, pyrolysis oil can be applied as biobased chemicals and materials, developing a sustainable platform based on pyrolysis oil.

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Ambriz-Díaz, Víctor M., Israel Y. Rosas, Oscar Chávez, and Carlos Rubio-Maya. "4E Assessment of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Activated with Waste Heat of a Flash–Binary Geothermal Power Plant." Entropy 24, no. 12 (December 15, 2022): 1832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24121832.

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In this paper, the 4E assessment (Energetic, Exergetic, Exergoeconomic and Exergoenvironmental) of a low-temperature ORC activated by two different alternatives is presented. The first alternative (S1) contemplates the activation of the ORC through the recovery of waste heat from a flash–binary geothermal power plant. The second alternative (S2) contemplates the activation of the ORC using direct heat from a geothermal well. For both alternatives, the energetic and exergetic models were established. At the same time, the economic and environmental impact models were developed. Finally, based on the combination of the exergy concepts and the economic and ecological indicators, the exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental performances of the ORC were obtained. The results show higher economic, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental profitability for S1. Besides, for the alternative S1, the ORC cycle has an acceptable economic profitability for a net power of 358.4 kW at a temperature of 110 °C, while for S2, this profitability starts being attractive for a power 2.65 times greater than S1 and with a temperature higher than 135 °C. In conclusion, the above represents an area of opportunity and a considerable advantage for the implementation of the ORC in the recovery of waste heat from flash–binary geothermal power plants.

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Jeckel, Stephanie, and Gorden Sudeck. "Physical Activity and Affective Well-Being in Everyday Life." Zeitschrift für Gesundheitspsychologie 24, no. 3 (July 2016): 130–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/0943-8149/a000163.

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Abstract. Multiple studies verified the acute positive effects of physical activity on affective well-being, focusing on sport activities in laboratory settings or supervised programs. This study builds on existing ambulatory assessment studies that indicate positive associations between physical activity and affective well-being (valence, energetic arousal) in everyday life and explicitly differentiates between sport activities and daily physical activities. Moreover, the sustainability of effects is explored. For 7 days, 21 men and 25 women (Mage = 32 years) participated in the study. Physical activity was captured objectively by an accelerometer and additionally with an activity diary. Affective well-being was gathered via a smartphone multiple times per day. Multilevel analyses revealed positive effects on affective well-being (valence, calmness, energetic arousal) for sport activities included in the daily routine. Daily physical activity showed acute positive effects for valence and energetic arousal but not for calmness. However, at the day’s end, sport activities and daily physical activity were positively associated with valence and calmness. This study gives further background knowledge for activity recommendations based on the affect-regulating potential of physical activity.

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Arbulu, Markel, Olatz Grijalba, and Xabat Oregi. "Analysis of Energy Retrofit Assessment Methodologies in Buildings by European Research Projects." Environmental and Climate Technologies 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 265–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2021-0019.

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Abstract Energy retrofit of existing buildings is one of the main keys to achieve European Union’s decarbonising objectives defined in the European Green Deal. In order to proceed into them, European policy has been adapted and several research projects are developed. The aim of this paper is to analyse the assessment methodology of the research projects, setting up the overview of the assessed fields and the criteria followed to perform and evaluate each project. As working methodology, 18 projects have been studied, firstly characterising by the main parameters and afterwards analysing the assessment followed by each one. This analysis is decomposed into five parameters: the assessment scope, reflecting the fields covered by the project’s assessment; data source, the nature of the data; verification, use of data verification strategies; and implementation of life cycle thinking in the assessment methodology. The research shows that although the projects have their bases in the EU energetic targets they also cover a wider scope, assessing many fields and combining many sources of data. However, despite the large knowledge already defined by many projects, there is a lack of global and complete roadmap to be followed.

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Dremicheva, E. S. "Energetic properties of peat saturated with petroleum products." Safety and Reliability of Power Industry 13, no. 2 (July 31, 2020): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24223/1999-5555-2020-13-2-105-109.

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This paper presents a method of sorption using peat for elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and the possibility of energy use of oil-saturated peat. The results of assessment of the sorbent capacity of peat are presented, with waste motor oil and diesel fuel chosen as petroleum products. Natural peat has been found to possess sorption properties in relation to petroleum products. The sorbent capacity of peat can be observed from the first minutes of contact with motor oil and diesel fuel, and significantly depends on their viscosity. For the evaluation of thermal properties of peat saturated with petroleum products, experimental studies have been conducted on determination of moisture and ash content of as-fired fuel. It is shown that adsorbed oil increases the moisture and ash content of peat in comparison with the initial sample. Therefore, when intended for energy use, peat saturated with petroleum products is to be subjected to additional drying. Simulation of net calorific value has been performed based on the calorific values of peat and petroleum products with different ratios of petroleum product content in peat and for a saturated peat sample. The obtained results are compared with those of experiments conducted in a calorimetric bomb and recalculated for net calorific value. A satisfactory discrepancy is obtained, which amounts to about 12%. Options have been considered providing for combustion of saturated peat as fuel (burnt per se and combined with a solid fuel) and processing it to produce liquid, gaseous and solid fuels. Peat can be used to solve environmental problems of elimination of emergency spills of crude oil and petroleum products and as an additional resource in solving the problem of finding affordable energy.

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Vladimirov, Victor, and Ioan Bica. "Methodology and calculation model for recycling of composite construction products." E3S Web of Conferences 85 (2019): 07016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20198507016.

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The circular economy development has increased awareness on how construction products are treated at the end-of-life stage (EoL). With a growing recognition of the finite nature of primary resources, manufacturing processes are being shifted from the traditional take-make-dispose approach to a greater holistic practice, where valuable and/or scarce substances are recovered at the end of a product’s life. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is gaining wider attractiveness, as assessment of environmental impacts constitutes an effective quantitative decision tool to identifying sustainable solutions. At the same time, existing guidelines, technical specifications and methods for LCA assessment at EoL are rather heterogeneous regarding modelling and calculation of related secondary material and energy streams. For construction products, category rules for Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) according to EN 15804 (issued through the European Committee for Standardization) and the Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) (developed by the European Commission) currently represent the most advanced methodological references. The study presents the methodological approach per EN 15804, describing the benefits and loads beyond the typical disposal stage. Thus, the environmental impacts of a construction element can be credited in accord to its material and energetic recycling potential. An applied model is realized for water pipes made of composite material. The calculation is exemplified and comparative results of allocation scenarios per EN 15804 and PEF are discussed, demonstrating correlations between the normative requirements and their application. The results support further identification, assessment and ranking of recycling alternatives (i.e. mechanical, thermal, chemical).

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Journal articles on the topic 'Energetic environmental assessment'

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