Journal articles on the topic 'Endangered ecological community'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Endangered ecological community.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Endangered ecological community.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Perkins, Ian, John Diamond, Georgina SanRoque, Lyn Raffan, Bettina Digby, Peter Jensen, and Daniel Hirschfeld. "Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub: Rescuing an endangered ecological community." Ecological Management & Restoration 13, no. 3 (September 2012): 224–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/emr.12002.
Full text
2
Zhu, Hongjuan, Dan He, Xialan Cheng, Liufeng Chen, Zhenyuan Zhang, Yi Tang, Jing Yu, and Dongmei Yang. "Unveiling Distribution Patterns and Community Characteristics of Rare and Endangered Plants in the Sanya River Basin, China." Forests 14, no. 2 (January 18, 2023): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14020176.
Full textAbstract:
Wetlands have an important ecological function and economic value. However, with economic development and urban expansion, wetland plants have suffered serious damage. Rare and endangered plants are “thermometers” that reflect the health processes of their ecosystems. To better protect the wetlands in Sanya, China, we systematically investigated and analyzed the species, quantities, distributions, and community characteristics of the rare and endangered plants in the Sanya River basin using the sample and sample strip methods. We established a total of 152 quadrats, of which 46 contained rare and endangered plants. We identified 27 rare and endangered plants that mainly appeared in the tree and shrub layers. The dominant families and genera of the community were evident. However, the proportion of families and genera with fewer or single species was high, indicating that the species composition of the community is complex, and the plant species diversity is rich. The dominant species in each layer of the community were evident, and the rare and endangered plants are occasional species of the community. The community similarity in the urban areas was high, indicating that the rare and endangered plants in these areas require highly homogenous habitats. The community similarity in the suburbs was low, indicating that the rare and endangered plants in these areas are highly adaptable to different habitats. Threat factors and vegetation coverage degree had a significant impact on the number of species and population size of rare and endangered plants. Finally, according to our study and IUCN classification criteria for the endangered levels, Sonneratia × gulngai meets the CR (Critical Endangered) assessment criteria, thus we recommend upgrading it to the endangered level from VU (Vulnerable).
3
Rui, Cao, Ma Hong, Wang Ying-chun, Morigen, Tian Yuan, and Duan Fei-zhou. "Community, Ecological and Reproduction Properties of an Endangered Plant Species: Helianthemum ordosicum." AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment 31, no. 3 (May 2002): 258–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447-31.3.258.
Full text
4
Sommer, Bea. "Back from the Brink: Refining the Threatened Species Recovery Process." Pacific Conservation Biology 3, no. 4 (1997): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc980407.
Full textAbstract:
Back from the Brink is based on material presented at a conference held by the Commonwealth Endangered Species Advisory Committee in Sydney in December, 1995. The purpose of the conference was to bring together practitioners with a wide range of "hands-on" recovery planning and implementation experience to review and refine the recovery process for threatened species and ecological communities. A foreword by Dr Andrew Burbidge (Endangered Species Advisory Committee) addresses the need for community involvement and government co-operation, and highlights the importance of the recovery process itself, if conservation of threatened species and ecological communities is to be successful.
5
Kim, Dong-Hoon, Kyu-Won Sim, Heon-Gyo Kwon, and Sang-Yoel Han. "How Does the Endangered Species Restoration Project Benefit the Community?" Korea National Park Research Institute 13, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54406/jnpr.2022.13.1.139.
Full textAbstract:
This study thoroughly analyzed how the endangered fox restoration project affects the community, and how much this effect contributes to improving of biodiversity and the recovery of the national ecological axis, which is the final goal of the restoration project. As a result, it was found that prerequisites such as education and promotion for protection of endangered species for local residents and visitors to the national park directly affect the restoration project goal. In addition, as an indirect route, the prerequisites for the restoration project had a positive effect on the local economy, and the regional economic effect was found to have a positive effect on the development of the local community. Finally, it was analyzed that community development contributed to achieving the goal of the restoration project. These results showed that the endangered species restoration project is contributing to the development of the local community by improving the local economy and local awareness and social value by increasing the number of tourists.
6
Spałek, Krzysztof. "Utricularietum australis Th. Müller et Görs 1960 in Poland." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 75, no. 3 (2011): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2006.030.
Full textAbstract:
The paper presents the distribution, floristic composition and ecological requirements of the pleustonic plant community <em>Utricularietum australis</em> Th. Müller et Görs 1960 in Poland. The association was classifield to the Lemnetea minoris class. <em>Utricularietum australis</em> is considered to be a rare and endangered plant community in Europe.
7
Tierney, David A., Rachael V. Gallagher, Stuart Allen, and Tony D. Auld. "Multiple analyses redirect management and restoration priorities for a critically endangered ecological community." Austral Ecology 46, no. 4 (February 14, 2021): 545–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aec.13003.
Full text
8
Torres Junior, Emanuel Ubaldino, Mônica Mafra Valença-Montenegro, and Carla Soraia Soares de Castro. "Local Ecological Knowledge about Endangered Primates in a Rural Community in Paraíba, Brazil." Folia Primatologica 87, no. 4 (2016): 262–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000452406.
Full text
9
Puspitasari, Dinarjati Eka. "Maraknya Perdagangan Satwa Langka Di Era Pandemi Covid-19 Di Indonesia." PAMALI: Pattimura Magister Law Review 2, no. 1 (March 19, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.47268/pamali.v2i1.816.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: The era of the COVID-19 pandemic has not stopped the perpetrators of conservation crimes from carrying out their actions. The trade in endangered species, both online and offline, is becoming more and more common. Many cases of trade in endangered animals in Indonesia were carried out during this Covid-19 pandemic. Various types of endangered species that should be protected are actually traded and smuggled illegally. Weak law enforcement is also a crucial problem in resolving cases of trafficking in endangered species.Purposes of the Research: Efforts and participation by the Government, the community, and environmentalists in controlling the rate of illegal trade in endangered species are increasingly prevalent.Methods of the Research: This research is juridical normative, using various primary and secondary legal materials. Data analysis is descriptive qualitative.Results of the Research: The impact of the trade in endangered species brings ecological and economic losses. Although the impact is quite influential, it does not stop the perpetrators of these conservation crimes from taking action. This is done to gain financial gain personally or illegally in groups. Community participation and government supervision need to be increased in suppressing the rate of increase in the trade of endangered species. Preventive and repressive supervision needs to be carried out as much as possible in breaking the chain of the rampant trade in endangered species that occurs in Indonesia.
10
Gallagher, Rachael V., Lesley Hughes, Michelle R. Leishman, and Peter D. Wilson. "Predicted impact of exotic vines on an endangered ecological community under future climate change." Biological Invasions 12, no. 12 (June 29, 2010): 4049–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-010-9814-8.
Full text
11
Spałek, Krzysztof. "Nymphaeetum candidae Miljan 1933 in Poland." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 77, no. 4 (2011): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2008.044.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents the distribution, floristic composition and ecological requirements of the water plant community <em>Nymphaeetum candidae</em> Miljan 1933, belonging to the <em>Potametea</em> class. Until present this community has been reported only from north-eastern Poland. During present studies it was stated also in the south-western part of the country. <em>Nymphaeetum candidae</em> is considered to be a rare and endangered plant community in several countries of Central Europe.
12
English, V., and J. Blyth. "Development and application of procedures to identify and conserve threatened ecological communities in the South-west Botanical Province of Western Australia." Pacific Conservation Biology 5, no. 2 (1999): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc990124.
Full textAbstract:
A two year project was conducted to: (i) produce definitions, criteria and procedures for identifying threatened ecological communities (TECs) and assigning them to categories that define conservation status; (ii) develop a minimum data set for allocating TECs to one of these categories; (iii) establish a database and enter on it TECs, and associated data, of the South-west Botanical Province of Western Australia; and (iv) assess each community and make recommendations for actions to conserve them. The procedures described allow assessment of whether a particular biological assemblage can be described as an ecological community, and whether it meets the definitions and criteria for a TEC. ''Threatened'' (with destruction) includes ''totally destroyed", "critically endangered (CRl", "endangered (EN)" and ''vulnerable (VU)". Ecological communities that do not meet the criteria as ''threatened'' may be classified "data deficient" if there is insufficient information to assign a category, or "lower risk" if the community is not under significant threat. Other assemblages are termed "not evaluated". The terminology, categories and criteria are adapted from those recommended for threatened species by the World Conservation Union (IUCN). Thirty-eight ecological communities, including those based on assemblages of terrestrial and aquatic plants, cave and mound-spring invertebrates, and structure-forming microbes were entered on the database. Of these, 16 were assessed as CR, seven as EN, ten as VU and five as data deficient. The project established methods that are applicable to data on a broad range of community types at a broad range of scales. It also initiated many recovery actions including preparation of interim recovery plans, land acquisition, fencing, weed control and public liaison. Such actions are intended to cause allocation of communities to a lower category of threat when reevaluated against the criteria.
13
Friedrich, Stefan. "Macromycetes of the proposed nature reserve Wilcze Uroczysko-Olszanka in the Odra estuary." Acta Mycologica 32, no. 2 (August 20, 2014): 239–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/am.1997.020.
Full textAbstract:
The paper presents a characterisation of the mycoflora on the cupola-type rised bog in the Odra river valley. The characteristic of each species includes: type of substrate and plant community, date of fruitbody occurence, and the forest unit, where the species was observed. Systematic, ecological and sociological analyses of the mycoflora have been performed and the protected and endangered species singled out.
14
Spałek, Krzysztof, and Arkadiusz Nowak. "Scirpetum radicantis Hejný in Hejný et Husák 1978 em. Zahlh. 1979, a plant association new to Poland." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 72, no. 4 (2011): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2003.046.
Full textAbstract:
The paper presents a rush community new to Poland - <em>Scirpetum radicantis </em>Hejny in Hejny et Husak 1978 em. Zahlh. 1979, belonging to the <em>Phragmition </em>alliance. It was discovered in fishponds near Olesno in Silesia (SW Poland). The floristic composition and the ecological requirements of this association are presented in the paper. <em>Scirpetum radicantis </em>is considered to be a very rare and endangered plant community in Europe.
15
Spałek, Krzysztof. "Nymphaeetum albae Vollmar 1947 em. Oberd. in Oberd. et al. 1967, a plant association new to Poland." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 76, no. 1 (2011): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2007.011.
Full textAbstract:
The paper presents a water plant community new to Poland - <em>Nymphaeetum albae</em> Vollmar 1947 em. Oberd. in Oberd. et al. 1967, belonging to the i class. It was discovered in fishponds in Pokój near Namysłów, Lasowice Małe near Kluczbork and small ponds in Staniszcze Małe near Opole in Silesia (SW Poland). Floristic composition and ecological requirements of this association are presented in the paper. <em>Nymphaeetum albae</em> is considered to be a rare and endangered plant community in Europe.
16
Heleno, Ruben H., William J. Ripple, and Anna Traveset. "Scientists' warning on endangered food webs." Web Ecology 20, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/we-20-1-2020.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. All organisms are ultimately dependent on a large diversity of consumptive and non-consumptive interactions established with other organisms, forming an intricate web of interdependencies. In 1992, when 1700 concerned scientists issued the first “World Scientists' Warning to Humanity”, our understanding of such interaction networks was still in its infancy. By simultaneously considering the species (nodes) and the links that glue them together into functional communities, the study of modern food webs – or more generally ecological networks – has brought us closer to a predictive community ecology. Scientists have now observed, manipulated, and modelled the assembly and the collapse of food webs under various global change stressors and identified common patterns. Most stressors, such as increasing temperature, biological invasions, biodiversity loss, habitat fragmentation, over-exploitation, have been shown to simplify food webs by concentrating energy flow along fewer pathways, threatening long-term community persistence. More worryingly, it has been shown that communities can abruptly change from highly diverse to simplified stable states with little or no warning. Altogether, evidence shows that apart from the challenge of tackling climate change and hampering the extinction of threatened species, we need urgent action to tackle large-scale biological change and specifically to protect food webs, as we are under the risk of pushing entire ecosystems outside their safe zones. At the same time, we need to gain a better understanding of the global-scale synergies and trade-offs between climate change and biological change. Here we highlight the most pressing challenges for the conservation of natural food webs and recent advances that might help us addressing such challenges.
17
Spałek, Krzysztof, and Jarosław Proćków. "New, Rare and Constant Habitats for Endangered Aquatic Plant Communities: The Importance of Microhabitats for Global biodiversity." Diversity 11, no. 6 (June 20, 2019): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11060096.
Full textAbstract:
Natural water reservoirs are very valuable floristic sites, with springs particularly important for the preservation of floral biodiversity. This paper presents, as a case study, a community of water plants that is new to limnocrene karst springs in Europe: Potametum alpini (Potametea), found in Poland. The paper provides the floristic composition and ecological requirements of this plant association, which is rare and endangered in Europe. According to our knowledge, the habitat data presented here are unique as they are published for the first time for this plant community, and thus it is currently not possible to compare them with data from other authors. Our study confirms the importance of rare microhabitats for global biodiversity. Research on as yet unknown physical and chemical factors limiting the range and development of patches of different plant associations should be conducted intensively, because plant communities, including rare, endangered and protected examples, are an important element of biodiversity at both continental and local scales. All the issues discussed in the paper (rare microhabitats, endangered aquatic plant communities, global biodiversity) are important because they are related to the conservation and management of inland waters.
18
Roberts, David. "Plant Community Distribution and Dynamics in Bryce Canyon National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 10 (January 1, 1986): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1986.2541.
Full textAbstract:
The research status for the first year is presented under the following objectives: 1. To integrate the existing information on plant communities of Bryce Canyon National Park into the proposed research; 2. To determine the appropriate level of detail for implementation of the successional classification, and to prepare a preliminary community type classification; 3. To determine the suitability of draft SCS Ecological Site Types as non-forest habitat types; 4. To begin collection of field data necessary for development of the proposed vegetation classifications; 5. To collect sufficient ground truth for creation of an extrapolative mapping system to map large areas of the Park; and 6. To identify and characterize the distributions of rare or endangered plants within the Park.
19
Swanson, Heather Anne. "The entrapment of trap design: Materiality, political economy and the shifting worlds of fixed gear fishing equipment." Journal of Material Culture 24, no. 4 (March 24, 2019): 401–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359183519828769.
Full textAbstract:
Anthropologists have often focused on what one can read about the worlds of hunters and prey from the forms of traps. This article demonstrates, however, that a trap’s design is not always tightly coupled to the worlds within which it is deployed. Using the case of Columbia River salmon traps, it shows how the social, economic and ecological roles of traps can dramatically change – even as their physical shape remains the same. In the late 19th century, these traps were lucrative for their owners, but unpopular with the region’s gillnet fishermen. The fishermen feared that traps entrapped the community in a problematic form of political economy – that they created the wrong kind of subjects and social order, concentrating wealth in the hands of a small, lazy owner class. The fishermen argued that such problems inhered in the materiality of the traps and that their physical design produced inequality that jeapordized the community. The gillnetters ultimately won over the government with their arguments, and fish traps were banned. But the banning of traps has subsequently proved entrapping. Today, some of the river’s salmon are listed as endangered species. Gillnets, which often kill fish before they are hauled in, do not allow fishermen to sort out endangered and unendangered fish; they are thus being phased out. Traps that keep fish alive in their holds would allow for sorting out and releasing endangered fish, and they are now heralded as an environmentally sustainable technology by conservationists. But after decades of arguments that traps embody and create unjust economic forms, it is logistically and socially difficult to bring back traps. Based on this example, this article proposes an approach to traps that gives special attention to how the material force of traps shifts as they are linked to different ecological contexts and practices of political economy.
20
Collins, James T. "GLOBAL ERAS AND LANGUAGE DIVERSITY IN INDONESIA: TRANSDISCIPLINARY PROJECTS TOWARDS LANGUAGE MAINTENANCE AND REVITALIZATION." Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya 9, no. 2 (August 28, 2019): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.17510/paradigma.v9i2.302.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Indonesia is immensely proud of its hundreds of regional languages. This amazing diversity occurs because of the social impact in the three global eras: ancient migration from Asian continent, trading intensification and colonial oppression five hundred years ago, and demographical and communication change in the 21st century. However, now we are witnessing the number decrease of the languages in Indonesia. The resistance and preservation of the inherited languages, which are local languages, in the Indonesian archipelago (Nusantara) language network that is indeed complex must be considered as important components in the Indonesia’s national identity.</p><p> Along with the accelerated loss of the inherited languages, we are also dealing with the ecological crisis happening in Indonesia. In the 19th century linguistics developed in connection with the progress of biology. Hence, in the 21st century, the handling and studies of languages that are endangered are reasonably related to the contemporary focus on the global ecology studies. Nettle (1999) asserted that the world regions with the high biological diversity are also the regions with the high language diversity. Any research on Nusantara’s flora and fauna should be correlated with the study of endangered languages and dialects.</p><p> In this paper, we review transdisciplinary planning which is capable of producing understanding and comprehension on the ecological system and regional language community as well as the perspective on the role of the knowledge in order for the academicians and members of the community to make more joint efforts to maintain the ecological system and the Nusantara language network.</p>
21
Shen, Qingqing, Junyu Yang, Daifa Su, Zhiying Li, Wei Xiao, Yongxia Wang, and Xiaolong Cui. "Comparative Analysis of Fungal Diversity in Rhizospheric Soil from Wild and Reintroduced Magnolia sinica Estimated via High-Throughput Sequencing." Plants 9, no. 5 (May 8, 2020): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9050600.
Full textAbstract:
Magnolia sinica is a critically endangered species and considered a “plant species with extremely small populations” (PSESP). It is an endemic species in southeastern Yunnan Province, China, with reproductive barriers. Rhizosphere fungi play a crucial role in plant growth and health. However, the composition, diversity, and function of fungal communities in wild and reintroduced M. sinica rhizospheres remain unknown. In this study, Illumina sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region was used to analyze rhizospheric soil samples from wild and reintroduced M. sinica. Thirteen phyla, 45 classes, 105 orders, 232 families, and 433 genera of fungi were detected. Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were dominant across all samples. The fungal community composition was similar between the wild and reintroduced rhizospheres, but the fungal taxa relative abundances differed. The fungal community richness was higher in the reintroduced rhizosphere than in the wild rhizosphere, but the diversity showed the opposite pattern. Soil nutrients and leaf litter significantly affected the fungal community composition and functional diversity. Here, the composition, structure, diversity, and ecological functions of the fungal communities in the rhizospheres of wild and reintroduced M. sinica were elucidated for the first time, laying a foundation for future research and endangered species protection.
22
Park, Hwan-Joon, Seongjun Kim, Chang-Woo Lee, Nam-Young Kim, Jung-Eun Hwang, Jiae An, Hyeong-Bin Park, Pyoung-Beom Kim, and Byoung-Doo Lee. "Flora and Vegetation Characteristics of the Natural Habitat of the Endangered Plant Pterygopleurum neurophyllum." Diversity 13, no. 9 (August 25, 2021): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13090401.
Full textAbstract:
This study analyzed the flora, life form, and vegetation of the Nakdong River wetland. Vegetation analysis was performed on 37 plots using the phytosociological method of the Zürich-Montpellier School. PCA analysis was conducted by using the vegetation data (ground cover of class; 1~9) of 37 plots surveyed by phytosociological method. PCA (Principal Component Analysis) was used to statistically analyze the objectivity of the community classification and the character species. The traditional classification and mathematical statistic methods were used. A total of 82 taxa belonging to 28 families, 65 genera, 72 species, 2 subspecies, and 8 varieties were present in the vegetation of the survey area. The life form was analyzed to be the Th-R5-D4-e type. The communities were classified into seven communities: Miscanthus sacchariflorus community, Phragmites communis community, Phragmites communis–Carex dispalata community, Ulmus parvifolia community, Zizania latifolia community, Setaria viridis community, and Salix koriyanagi–Salix chaenomeloides community. As a result of PCA analysis, it was classified into seven communities. Seven communities were analyzed, where the most dominant species (M. sacchariflorus, P. communis, C. dispalata, U. parvifolia, Z. latifolia, S. viridis, S. koriyanagi, S. chaenomeloides) of each community were examined as character species. Another species is analyzed as Salix koreensis. Of the sixteen M. sacchariflorus communities, Pterygopleurum neurophyllum was present in six plots (A-2 group) but not in ten plots (A-1 group). These two groups showed differences in coverage and the number of occurring species. As for the relative net contribution degree (r-NCD) in the A-2 group, most species showed low r-NCD except for M. sacchariflorus, which showed an r-NCD of 100. The r-NCDs in the A-1 group were as follows: Miscanthus sacchariflorus (100), P. neurophyllum (21.74), and Persicaria perfoliata (10.14). Therefore, P. neurophyllum is difficult to grow in the A-1 group. As a result, it is thought that the high density of M. sacchariflorus affects the growth and distribution of P. neurophyllum. In order to expand and maintain P. neurophyllum, the habitat environment needs to be altered by adjusting the density of M. sacchariflorus.
23
Rajaprabu, N., and P. Ponmurugan. "Phorophyte specificity of lichen community, with ecological taxation in Suruli watershed, Southern Western Ghats." Asian Journal of Conservation Biology `11, no. 1 (July 15, 2022): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.53562/ajcb.69756.
Full textAbstract:
The Lichens is an essential component of all kinds of ecosystems. They are one of the flora's dominant components, and it accumulates about eight percent of the terrestrial ecosystem. India is an assorted vegetative tropical country. Four major ecological factors produce several microclimatic niches for the growth of lichens in the Western Ghats. First attempt to correlate the lichen population and species richness with the natural and silviculture challenges. During collection, surprisingly uninformed rainfall has observed in the summer season too. Eco-lichenological ranks premeditatedly founded on altitude, geo-specificities, substrates or habitats and morpho-types. The environmental variables revealed that the lichen density was more about spring to summer (27.3 to 25.5%), 23.5 to 18.5% during the winter and late autumn periods. The luxuriant growth of lichen thalli has notified on the rainy and Autumn seasons. Meanwhile, the crustose group of fruiting bodies flourished during the summer season. The terrestrial forest habits occurring on the cryptogamic and phanerogamic plants, including lichens. Most forests hold with the tribal and ethnic community; they suffered from terrestrial human and motor vehicle movements and forest fires, landslides, and more, including endangered species. Natural and manmade forestation practises to be regulating to conserve forest and dependences.
24
Debela, Megersa Tsegaye, Qingming Wu, Lu Chen, Xueying Sun, Zhuo Xu, and Zhe Li. "Composition and Diversity of Over-Wintering Aquatic Bird Community on Poyang Lake, China." Diversity 12, no. 8 (August 10, 2020): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12080308.
Full textAbstract:
The present study aimed to investigate the structure, composition and diversity of the over-wintering aquatic bird community of Poyang Lake, including Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve (PNNR), Nanji National Nature Reserve (NNNR) and Duchang Provincial Nature Reserve (DPNR), China. After the preliminary survey, birds surveyed from vantage points at each study site between the years 2016 and 2020 in the winter season. A total of 58 bird species belonging to nine orders and 13 families were observed. The study showed variation in effective species numbers (Species richness, Shannon’s diversity and Simpson’s diversity) among the three study sites and the survey years. Nanji National Nature Reserve had the highest avian diversity, whereas Duchang Provincial Nature Reserve had the lowest. Globally threatened bird species, Siberian Crane (critically endangered), Oriental Stork (endangered), found in our study sites. However, the current management practices of the nature reserve and conservation of this globally threatened bird species are inadequate, especially of Duchang Provincial Nature Reserve. Therefore, for long term conservation of birds in these areas, it needs continuing intentional improvement of the sites and awareness creation to the local community.
25
Rezende, Marcelo, Petr Maděra, Petr Vahalík, Kay Van Damme, Hana Habrová, Tullia Riccardi, Fabio Attorre, Michele De Sanctis, Grazia Sallemi, and Luca Malatesta. "Identifying Suitable Restoration and Conservation Areas for Dracaena cinnabari Balf.f. in Socotra, Yemen." Forests 13, no. 8 (August 12, 2022): 1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13081276.
Full textAbstract:
We examine the distribution of Dracaena cinnabari, the Socotran Dragon’s Blood Tree, an endangered species endemic to the island of Socotra (Yemen)—and we propose an accessibility approach to its conservation, taking the proximity of local communities and land users into account. Using the present occurrence of D. cinnabari, we applied a machine learning algorithm (random forest classifier) to estimate the potential distribution of the species across the island (overall validation accuracy of 0.91) based on available climatic and physiographic parameters. In parallel, we used an accessibility methodology to generate a map of the energy cost of accessing potential areas from the villages. This community-focused accessibility map, combined with the potential distribution map of Dracaena cinnabari, could contribute to decision-making processes related to long-term ecological restoration and reforestation activities. With our case study, we wish to emphasize that user-focused efforts and the implementation of sustainable land practices should play key roles in conserving endangered tree species.
26
Surovcová, Kamila, Ondřej Košulič, and Vladimír Hula. "Epigeic Spiders from Lowland Oak Woodlands in the South Moravia Region (Czech Republic)." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 65, no. 4 (2017): 1279–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201765041279.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents spider faunistics from abandoned coppice oak forest stands located along the South Moravia region. Spiders were collected from May to July 2012 by pitfall trapping at eight different localities. We collected 1945 adult spiders representing 20 families, 53 genera, and 90 species. More than one-third of all the species are known to be xerothermophilous with ecological restrictions to open and partly shaded habitats such as forest-steppe and sparse forests which belong to endangered habitats along central Europe. The most abundant species were Pardosa alacris, P. lugubris and Arctosa lutetiana from the family Lycosidae. In the surveyed area, 24 species were found listed in the Red List of Threatened Species in the Czech Republic (CR – 1 species, EN – 2 species, VU – 15 species, LC – 6 species). In general, we discovered a substantially diversified spider community with a large presence of rare and endangered species characteristic for open and xeric habitats.
27
Lee, Hakbong, Heung-Sik Lee, and Kee-Hwa Bae. "Brief Pollination Assessment of a Critically Endangered Food-Deceptive Orchid (Cypripedium guttatum) Using a Network Approach." Plants 11, no. 6 (March 17, 2022): 798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11060798.
Full textAbstract:
The translocation of orchids (Orchidaceae) cannot be successful if one is unaware of their effective pollinators and plant–pollinator interactions. Cypripedium guttatum is a generalized food-deceptive orchid, which is highly threatened in the Republic of Korea, thus, requiring immediate translocation actions. Although effective pollinators of the orchid are well known in China, little is known about the pollinators in the Republic of Korea and the ecological context in which the orchid can be successfully pollinated. To briefly assess the pollination of C. guttatum prior to translocation, we conducted a one-month survey of general pollination and the community-wide plant–pollinator network properties. Over 21 h of observation, we found that an effective pollinator of the orchid was the sweat bee Lasioglossum virideglaucum. The network was significantly specialized and modular, but not significantly nested. L. virideglaucum (pollinator) and Arabis gemmifera (plant) were determined to be keystone species, based on network metrics. A total of six network modules were identified and the flower colors of the plant species belonging to the C. guttatum module were purple, white, and yellow. After comparing the daily network patterns, we found that pollination of the orchid was accomplished when various flowering plant species bloom, and the nestedness value was high. This study revealed that high plant and pollinator richness could increase the chance that the deceptive orchid would be pollinated. Our study suggests that the network properties of this food-deceptive orchid community could provide useful insight into understanding the ecologically suitable habitat for the translocation of the highly threatened orchid species C. guttatum.
28
M.V, Jeeshna, and Paulsamy S. "HABITAT AND PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF THE ENDANGERED PLANT SPECIES, EXACUM BICOLOR ROXB." Kongunadu Research Journal 5, no. 2 (December 30, 2018): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj272.
Full textAbstract:
Study on the phytosociological characters like distribution, abundance, density etc of a species in its established habitats is a tool to determine the effect of environmental conditions on variations in population characteristics. Based on this concept, four leaf shape variants (ovate, linear- lanceolate, oblanceolate and ovate – elliptic) of the plant species, Exacum bicolor distributed in four different grasslands habitats viz.,Payyanur, Taliparamba, Paithal mala and Thirunelli at Kannur and Wayand districts of Kerala were selected in the present study. The populations of the study species showed distinct expression of ecological attributes across the four leaf shape variants in four habitats studied. The distribution level determined through the annual mean frequency percentage was higher (89.29 %) in the populations of ovate leaf shape variant in Taliparamba, where as it was lower (5.71 %) in the populations of linear – lanceolate leaf shape variant in Payyanur. Similarly, the annual abundance of the population was higher (5.08/m2) for ovate – elliptic leaf shape variant (Taliparmba) and lower (1.43/m2) for linear – lanceolate leaf shape variant (Thirunelli). The annual density obtained by the population was also higher for ovate leaf shape variant present in Taliparmba (4.10/m2) and lower for the population of linear – lanceolate leaf shape variant present in Thirunelli, (0.09/m2). From these ecological studies, it is understood that among the four leaf shape variants, generally ovate leaf shape variant has established well. In addition, the grassland community at Taliparamba is determined to have most suitable microclimate also for this variant than the other habitats studied.
29
Mariscal, Ana, Daniel Churchill Thomas, Austin Haffenden, Rocío Manobanda, William Defas, Miguel Angel Chinchero, José Danilo Simba Larco, Edison Jaramillo, Bitty A. Roy, and Mika Peck. "Evidence for Alternate Stable States in an Ecuadorian Andean Cloud Forest." Forests 13, no. 6 (June 3, 2022): 875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13060875.
Full textAbstract:
Tree diversity inventories were undertaken. The goal of this study was to understand changes in tree community dynamics that may result from common anthropogenic disturbances at the Reserva Los Cedros, a tropical montane cloud forest reserve in northern Andean Ecuador. The reserve shows extremely high alpha and beta tree diversity. We found that all primary forest sites, regardless of age of natural gaps, are quite ecologically resilient, appearing to return to a primary-forest-type community of trees following gap formation. In contrast, forests regenerating from anthropogenic disturbance appear to have multiple possible ecological states. Where anthropogenic disturbance was intense, novel tree communities appear to be assembling, with no indication of return to a primary forest state. Even in ancient primary forests, new forest types may be forming, as we found that seedling community composition did not resemble adult tree communities. We also suggest small watersheds as a useful basic spatial unit for understanding biodiversity patterns in the tropical Andes that confound more traditional Euclidean distance as a basic proxy of dissimilarity. Finally, we highlight the conservation value of Reserva Los Cedros, which has managed to reverse deforestation within its boundaries despite a general trend of extensive deforestation in the surrounding region, to protect a large, contiguous area of highly endangered Andean primary cloud forest.
30
Gómez-Andújar, Nicolás X., and Edwin A. Hernandez-Delgado. "Spatial benthic community analysis of shallow coral reefs to support coastal management in Culebra Island, Puerto Rico." PeerJ 8 (October 14, 2020): e10080. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10080.
Full textAbstract:
Caribbean coral reefs provide essential ecosystem services to society, including fisheries, tourism and shoreline protection from coastal erosion. However, these reefs are also exhibiting major declining trends, leading to the evolution of novel ecosystems dominated by non-reef building taxa, with potentially altered ecological functions. In the search for effective management strategies, this study characterized coral reefs in front of a touristic beach which provides economic benefits to the surrounding coastal communities yet faces increasing anthropogenic pressures and conservation challenges. Haphazard photo-transects were used to address spatial variation patterns in the reef’s benthic community structure in eight locations. Statistically significant differences were found with increasing distance from the shoreline, reef rugosity, Diadema antillarum density, among reef locations, and as a function of recreational use. Nearshore reefs reflected higher percent macroalgal cover, likely due to increased exposure from both recreational activities and nearby unsustainable land-use practices. However, nearshore reefs still support a high abundance of the endangered reef-building coral Orbicella annularis, highlighting the need to conserve these natural shoreline protectors. There is an opportunity for local stakeholders and regulatory institutions to collaboratively implement sea-urchin propagation, restoration of endangered Acroporid coral populations, and zoning of recreational densities across reefs. Our results illustrate vulnerable reef hotspots where these management interventions are needed and recommend guidelines to address them.
31
Chock, Rachel Y., Debra M. Shier, and Gregory F. Grether. "Niche partitioning in an assemblage of granivorous rodents, and the challenge of community-level conservation." Oecologia 198, no. 2 (January 15, 2022): 553–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-05104-5.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractCoexistence of competing species in the same foraging guild has long puzzled ecologists. In particular, how do small subordinate species persist with larger dominant competitors? This question becomes particularly important when conservation interventions, such as reintroduction or translocation, become necessary for the smaller species. Exclusion of dominant competitors might be necessary to establish populations of some endangered species. Ultimately, however, the goal should be to conserve whole communities. Determining how subordinate species escape competitive exclusion in intact communities could inform conservation decisions by clarifying the ecological conditions and processes required for coexistence at local or regional scales. We tested for spatial and temporal partitioning among six species of native, granivorous rodents using null models, and characterized the microhabitat of each species using resource-selection models. We found that the species’ nightly activity patterns are aggregated temporally but segregated spatially. As expected, we found clear evidence that the larger-bodied kangaroo rats drive spatial partitioning, but we also found species-specific microhabitat associations, which suggests that habitat heterogeneity is part of what enables these species to coexist. Restoration of natural disturbance regimes that create habitat heterogeneity, and selection of translocation sites without specific competitors, are among the management recommendations to consider in this case. More generally, this study highlights the need for a community-level approach to conservation and the usefulness of basic ecological data for guiding management decisions.
32
Wang, Yan, Qingyun Ma, Lingling Wang, Jingkuo Hu, Huiying Xue, Dongfei Han, Zhen Xing, and Zhiyong Ruan. "Structure and Function Analysis of Cultivated Meconopsis integrifolia Soil Microbial Community Based on High-Throughput Sequencing and Culturability." Biology 12, no. 2 (January 19, 2023): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12020160.
Full textAbstract:
(1) Background: The structure, function, and community interactions of soil microbial communities of cultivated Meconopsis integrifolia were characterized by studying this alpine flower and traditional endangered Tibetan medicine. (2) Methods: Soil bacteria and fungi were studied based on high-throughput sequencing technology. Bacteria were isolated using culturomics and functionally identified as IAA-producing, organic phosphorus-dissolving, inorganic phosphorus-dissolving, and iron-producing carriers. (3) Results: The dominant bacterial phyla were found to be Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria, and unclassified_Rhizobiales was the most abundant genus. Ascomycota and Mortierellomycota were the dominant fungal phyla. The bacteria were mainly carbon and nitrogen metabolizers, and the fungi were predominantly Saprotroph—Symbiotroph. The identified network was completely dominated by positive correlations, but the fungi were more complex than the bacteria, and the bacterial keystones were unclassified_Caulobacteraceae and Pedobacter. Most of the keystones of fungi belonged to the phyla Ascomycetes and Basidiomycota. The highest number of different species of culturable bacteria belonged to the genus Streptomyces, with three strains producing IAA, 12 strains solubilizing organic phosphorus, one strain solubilizing inorganic phosphorus, and nine strains producing iron carriers. (4) Conclusions: At the cost of reduced ecological stability, microbial communities increase cooperation toward promoting overall metabolic efficiency and enabling their survival in the extreme environment of the Tibetan Plateau. These pioneering results have value for the protection of endangered Meconopsis integrifolia under global warming and the sustainable utilization of its medicinal value.
33
Parrish, Frank A., and Charles L. Littnan. "Changing Perspectives in Hawaiian Monk Seal Research Using Animal-Borne Imaging." Marine Technology Society Journal 41, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533207787441944.
Full textAbstract:
The use of animal-borne imaging devices on the endangered Hawaiian monk seal has greatly helped understand where and how they forage. Those devices provide high-resolution data on the behavior, foraging habitat, and prey of seals, and the ecological community where they live. They have indicated that some monk seals regularly forage in mesophotic (100-300 m) and subphotic (>300 m) habitats rather than just in shallow reef habitats. The collected imagery is also helping to guide the development of further research, conservation, and management plans. Use of animal-borne imaging has resulted in substantial progress in understanding the foraging landscape of monk seals. Any refinements in this technology will certainly inform further population recovery efforts.
34
Coria-Monter, Erik, María Adela Monreal-Gómez, David Alberto Salas de León, and Elizabeth Durán-Campos. "Bio-optical characterization of the waters of the Bay of La Paz, southern Gulf of California, during late spring 2004." Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía 54, no. 3 (January 17, 2020): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.22370/rbmo.2019.54.3.2031.
Full textAbstract:
Information on selected bio-optical properties and primary production values of the waters of the Bay of La Paz, southern Gulf of California, is reported during June 2004, a region characterized to have very rich biodiversity, including endemic and endangered species, with high ecological relevance. In-situ measurements of natural fluorescence and photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) enabled the subsequent calculation of the incident irradiance (E0), the light extinction coefficient (k), compensation depth (Zc) and critical depth (Zcr). The results suggest the presence of light propitious conditions for phytoplankton community growth and net primary production, which are highly significant for the potential development of models of light penetration, ocean color, primary productivity, and analyses of organic carbon energy flow.
35
Andresen, Lee W. "Successional recovery of Littoral Rainforest in Banksia regrowth after sandmining: A comment on implications of applying Endangered Ecological Community Determinations." Ecological Management and Restoration 6, no. 3 (December 2005): 212–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-8903.2005.239-1.x.
Full text
36
Chavarria-Pizarro, Tania, Philipp Resl, Theresa Kuhl-Nagel, Aleksandar Janjic, Fernando Fernandez Mendoza, and Silke Werth. "Antibiotic-Induced Treatments Reveal Stress-Responsive Gene Expression in the Endangered Lichen Lobaria pulmonaria." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 6 (June 12, 2022): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8060625.
Full textAbstract:
Antibiotics are primarily found in the environment due to human activity, which has been reported to influence the structure of biotic communities and the ecological functions of soil and water ecosystems. Nonetheless, their effects in other terrestrial ecosystems have not been well studied. As a result of oxidative stress in organisms exposed to high levels of antibiotics, genotoxicity can lead to DNA damage and, potentially, cell death. In addition, in symbiotic organisms, removal of the associated microbiome by antibiotic treatment has been observed to have a big impact on the host, e.g., corals. The lung lichen Lobaria pulmonaria has more than 800 associated bacterial species, a microbiome which has been hypothesized to increase the lichen’s fitness. We artificially exposed samples of L. pulmonaria to antibiotics and a stepwise temperature increase to determine the relative effects of antibiotic treatments vs. temperature on the mycobiont and photobiont gene expression and the viability and on the community structure of the lichen-associated bacteria. We found that the mycobiont and photobiont highly reacted to different antibiotics, independently of temperature exposure. We did not find major differences in bacterial community composition or alpha diversity between antibiotic treatments and controls. For these reasons, the upregulation of stress-related genes in antibiotic-treated samples could be caused by genotoxicity in L. pulmonaria and its photobiont caused by exposure to antibiotics, and the observed stress responses are reactions of the symbiotic partners to reduce damage to their cells. Our study is of great interest for the community of researchers studying symbiotic organisms as it represents one of the first steps to understanding gene expression in an endangered lichen in response to exposure to toxic environments, along with dynamics in its associated bacterial communities.
37
Magellan, Kit, Olaf Weyl, and Anthony Booth. "Preference for Artificial Refugia over Natural Refugia in an Endangered Fish." Diversity 13, no. 12 (December 2, 2021): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13120635.
Full textAbstract:
The availability of appropriate refugia may ameliorate some impacts of habitat degradation and can aid in the conservation of target species. In addition to natural refugia, the provision of artificial refugia may be viable, particularly in degraded habitats. We examined the conservation potential of natural and artificial refugia for the endangered Eastern Cape redfin, Pseudobarbus afer. We show that deeper water is preferred so is likely to constitute a natural refuge. However, this preference is overridden by the provision of artificial refugia (a plastic pipe). We highlight that the most important habitat factor in the conservation of P. afer is availability of suitable natural refugia through avoidance of habitat destruction. However, when redfin habitat is already compromised, appropriate artificial refugia may supplement the protection provided by natural refugia and may provide benefits to the whole aquatic community.
38
Bashevkin, Samuel M., Rosemary Hartman, Madison Thomas, Arthur Barros, Christina E. Burdi, April Hennessy, Trishelle Tempel, and Karen Kayfetz. "Five decades (1972–2020) of zooplankton monitoring in the upper San Francisco Estuary." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 14, 2022): e0265402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265402.
Full textAbstract:
We present the longest available dataset (by 15 years) of estuarine zooplankton abundance worldwide. Zooplankton have been monitored throughout the upper San Francisco Estuary from 1972 –present due to its status as a central hub of California water delivery and home to commercially important and endangered fishes. We integrated data from five monitoring programs, including over 300 locations, three size-classes of zooplankton targeted with different gears, over 80,000 samples, and over two billion sampled organisms. Over the duration of this dataset, species invasions have driven community turnover, periodic droughts have occurred, and important fishes have declined, likely due in part to reduced food supply from zooplankton. Data from the individual surveys have been used in prior studies on issues related to species invasions, flows, fish diets and population dynamics, zooplankton population dynamics, and community ecology. Our integrated dataset offers unparalleled spatio-temporal scope to address these and other fundamental ecological questions.
39
De Coster, Greet, Cristina Banks-Leite, and Jean Paul Metzger. "Atlantic forest bird communities provide different but not fewer functions after habitat loss." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1811 (July 22, 2015): 20142844. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.2844.
Full textAbstract:
Habitat loss often reduces the number of species as well as functional diversity. Dramatic effects to species composition have also been shown, but changes to functional composition have so far been poorly documented, partly owing to a lack of appropriate indices. We here develop three new community indices (i.e. functional integrity, community integrity of ecological groups and community specialization ) to investigate how habitat loss affects the diversity and composition of functional traits and species. We used data from more than 5000 individuals of 137 bird species captured in 57 sites in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, a highly endangered biodiversity hotspot. Results indicate that habitat loss leads to a decrease in functional integrity while measures of functional diversity remain unchanged or are even positively affected. Changes to functional integrity were caused by (i) a decrease in the provisioning of some functions, and an increase in others; (ii) strong within-guild species turnover; and (iii) a replacement of specialists by generalists. Hence, communities from more deforested sites seem to provide different but not fewer functions. We show the importance of investigating changes to both diversity and composition of functional traits and species, as the effects of habitat loss on ecosystem functioning may be more complex than previously thought. Crucially, when only functional diversity is assessed, important changes to ecological functions may remain undetected and negative effects of habitat loss underestimated, thereby imperiling the application of effective conservation actions.
40
Ren, Jinze, Shuying Li, Mengdi He, and Yalin Zhang. "Butterfly Community Diversity in the Qinling Mountains." Diversity 14, no. 1 (January 2, 2022): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14010027.
Full textAbstract:
The Qinling Mountains are one of the oldest mountain ranges in China and a global biodiversity research and conservation hotspot. However, there is a lack of systematic research and survey of butterfly diversity in this region. Based on the butterfly taxa, combined with the changes in natural climate, altitude gradient and season in the Qinling Mountains, the butterfly diversity and community structure changes in 12 counties in the middle Qinling Mountains were analyzed by transect surveys and platform data analyses. A total of 9626 butterflies were observed, belonging to 427 species across 175 genera and 5 families. The species richness on the southern slope of the Qinling Mountains was higher than on the northern slope. We also studied the variation in alpha and beta diversity of butterflies. The results show that butterfly species were abundant and the highest diversity was found at the middle altitudes (1000–2000 m). Moreover, there were obvious seasonal differences in both species and number of butterflies. The community similarity in spring, summer and autumn was low, with limited species co-existing. The butterflies in the Qinling Mountains reserve area were the most abundant, exhibiting no significant difference with those in the ecotone and the farm area. Finally, we did an assessment of butterflies as endangered and protected species. In conclusion, our long-term butterfly survey data show that human disturbance and climate and environmental changes jointly shape the butterfly diversity in the middle of the Qinling Mountains.
41
Nuon, Vanna, Sovan Lek, Peng Bun Ngor, Nam So, and Gaël Grenouillet. "Fish Community Responses to Human-Induced Stresses in the Lower Mekong Basin." Water 12, no. 12 (December 15, 2020): 3522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12123522.
Full textAbstract:
The Mekong River is one of the world’s largest rivers and has an annual captured fish production of about 2.3 million tonnes, equivalent to around 11 billion USD. Although the Mekong provides important ecological and socioeconomic benefits to millions of people, it is facing intensive change due to anthropogenic stressors. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the changes to the spatiotemporal fish communities to inform sustainable fisheries management. Here, we aimed to characterize patterns of the fish communities and identify the ecological status of each fish community using daily catch data from 2007 to 2018 at 25 monitoring sites in the Lower Mekong Basin (LMB). The collected data were classified by a self-organizing map into four main groups. Group 4 represented the lower Vietnam Mekong Delta (VMD), while groups 1, 2, and 3 were subdivided into subgroups 1a (upper LMB), 1b (upper and middle LMB), 2a (Mekong River below the Khone Falls and Sesan River), 2b (Mekong River below the Khone Falls and Sekong, Sesan and Srepok (3S) Rivers), 3a (Floodplain-Tonle Sap and Songkhram) and 3b (upper VMD). Among the 571 species recorded, 119 were identified as indicator species. Based on the abundance and biomass comparison curves, the fish community of 2b was in a healthier condition with a positive W-statistic value while the rest had a negative W-statistic value. The highest species richness and diversity were observed in 3a and 2b, so these subgroups deserve high management and conservation priority. Likewise, 1a should also be considered as a high priority area since it harbors several endangered and long-distant migratory fishes. It was also noticed that the fish communities of groups 3 and 4, located far from the hydropower dams, remained mostly unchanged compared to those of groups 1 and 2, close to the mainstream and tributary dams in the upper LMB and 3S Rivers.
42
Good, Megan K., Jodi N. Price, Peter J. Clarke, and Nick Reid. "Dense regeneration of floodplain Eucalyptus coolabah: invasive scrub or passive restoration of an endangered woodland community?" Rangeland Journal 34, no. 2 (2012): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj12008.
Full textAbstract:
Clearing of native vegetation and changes to disturbance regimes have resulted in dense regeneration of native trees and shrubs in parts of Australia. The conversion of open vegetation to dense woodlands may result in changes to the composition of plant communities and ecosystem function if structure, composition and function are tightly linked. Widespread clearing of the floodplain tree Eucalyptus coolabah subsp. coolabah (coolibah), in New South Wales, Australia, has led to state and federal listings of coolibah woodland as an endangered ecological community. Dense regeneration of coolibah in the mid 1970s, however, also resulted in its listing as an ‘invasive native species’ in NSW, meaning it can be legally cleared under certain conditions. Dense regeneration could be a novel state dissimilar to the threatened community or it could represent the next generation of coolibah woodlands and may contribute to passive restoration of heavily cleared landscapes. This study investigated if dense stands are distinct from remnant woodland by comparing floristic composition of the ground-storey community and top-soil properties of four coolibah vegetation states: derived grassland, derived degraded grassland, dense regeneration and remnant woodland. Ground-storey composition was found to overlap broadly among states regardless of tree density. Most species were common to all states, although dense regeneration contained characteristic woodland species that were absent from grasslands. The carbon : nitrogen ratio of the soil was significantly higher in dense regeneration and remnant woodland than in either of the grassland states, indicating that the woody states are broadly similar in terms of nutrient cycling. The study demonstrates that structurally different vegetation states (grasslands, woodlands and dense regeneration) are not associated with distinct plant communities. The results also suggest that grazing management has a more pronounced effect on ground-storey composition of plant communities than tree density and that well managed derived grasslands and dense regeneration are floristically similar to remnant woodlands. Since dense regeneration and remnant woodlands are not floristically distinct from one another, dense regeneration could contribute to the conservation of endangered coolibah woodlands in cleared agricultural landscapes.
43
Hunter, John T., and Eda Addicott. "Poplar box woodlands of Eastern Australia: an assessment of a threatened ecological community within the IVC framework." Vegetation Classification and Survey 2 (December 6, 2021): 241–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vcs/2021/71216.
Full textAbstract:
Aims: Ecosystems nationally at risk in Australia are listed under the Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Act (EPBC Act), and many cross State jurisdictional boundaries. The determination of these ecosystems across the State boundaries are based on expert knowledge. The International Vegetation Classification has the potential to be useful as a cross-jurisdictional hierarchy which also gives global perspective to ecosystems. Study Area: All bioregions that include Eucalyptus populnea as a dominant or major component of woodlands across the species known distribution. Methods: We use plot-based data (455 plots) from two states (Queensland and New South Wales) in eastern Australia and quantitative classification methods to assess the definition and description for the Poplar Box Woodland ecosystem type (hereafter “ecological community” or “community”) that is listed as endangered under the EPBC Act. Analyses were conducted using kR-CLUSTER methods to generate alliances. Within these alliances, analyses were undertaken to define associations using agglomerative hierarchical clustering and similarity profile testing (SIMPROF). We then explore how assigning this community into the IVC hierarchy may provide a mechanism for linking Australian communities, defined at the association and alliance levels, to international communities at risk. Results: We define three alliances and 23 associations based on the results of floristic analysis. Using the standard rule-set of the IVC system, we found that the IVC hierarchy was a useful instrument in correlating ecological communities across jurisdictional boundaries where different classification systems are used. It is potentially important in giving a broader understanding of communities that may be at risk continentally and globally. Conclusions: We conclude that the IVC hierarchy can incorporate Australian communities at the association level into useful units at higher levels, and provides a useful classification tool for Australian ecosystems. Taxonomic reference: PlantNET (http://plantnet/10rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/) [accessed June 2019]. Abbreviations: EPBC Act = Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Act; IVC = International Vegetation Classification; NMDS = non-metric multidimensional scaling; NSW = New South Wales; PCT = Plant Community Type; QLD = Queensland; RE = Regional Vegetation Community; SIMPER = similarity percentage analysis; SIMPROF = Similarity profile analysis.
44
Dubyna, D. V., and T. P. Dziuba. "Syntaxonomical diversity of the Dnieper mouth. I. Classes Scorzonero—Juncetea gerardii Golub et al. 2001, Festuco-Puccinellietea Soó 1968, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea R. Tx. 1937." Vegetation of Russia, no. 10 (2007): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2007.10.7.
Full textAbstract:
The revealed syntaxonomic diversity of meadow vegetation of the Dnieper mouth area comprises 12 associations subordinated to 7 alliances, 5 orders, and 3 classes: Scorzonero—Juncetea gerardii, Festuco-Puccinellietea and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea. For each class, the phytosociological tables are presented together with the summarizing vegetation syntaxa prodromus and the ecological-phytocoenological portraits of the associations described. Meadow communities of the study area have been proved to bear peculiar features of their structure and composition. The spatial distribution of communities is mainly governed by the inundation regime and the degree of soil salinity. The results of the floristic analysis have pointed out notable numbers of rare and endangered plants participating in the community composition. These facts, together with the increasing anthropogenic impact on the vegetation, prompt us to discuss the problems of meadow vegetation conservation.
45
Nelms, SE, J. Alfaro-Shigueto, JPY Arnould, IC Avila, S. Bengtson Nash, E. Campbell, MID Carter, et al. "Marine mammal conservation: over the horizon." Endangered Species Research 44 (March 25, 2021): 291–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr01115.
Full textAbstract:
Marine mammals can play important ecological roles in aquatic ecosystems, and their presence can be key to community structure and function. Consequently, marine mammals are often considered indicators of ecosystem health and flagship species. Yet, historical population declines caused by exploitation, and additional current threats, such as climate change, fisheries bycatch, pollution and maritime development, continue to impact many marine mammal species, and at least 25% are classified as threatened (Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable) on the IUCN Red List. Conversely, some species have experienced population increases/recoveries in recent decades, reflecting management interventions, and are heralded as conservation successes. To continue these successes and reverse the downward trajectories of at-risk species, it is necessary to evaluate the threats faced by marine mammals and the conservation mechanisms available to address them. Additionally, there is a need to identify evidence-based priorities of both research and conservation needs across a range of settings and taxa. To that effect we: (1) outline the key threats to marine mammals and their impacts, identify the associated knowledge gaps and recommend actions needed; (2) discuss the merits and downfalls of established and emerging conservation mechanisms; (3) outline the application of research and monitoring techniques; and (4) highlight particular taxa/populations that are in urgent need of focus.
46
Maroyi, A. "Community attitudes towards the reintroduction programme for the Endangered pepperbark tree Warburgia salutaris: implications for plant conservation in south-east Zimbabwe." Oryx 46, no. 2 (December 2, 2011): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605311000767.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe pepperbark tree Warburgia salutaris is categorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, primarily because of human-induced habitat degradation and over-collection for herbal medicine. Benefits from the reintroduction programme for the species in Tanganda Halt, on the edge of the Mutema Highlands in south-east Zimbabwe, are unequally distributed. This has influenced the attitudes of the local people towards the project and any future plant conservation initiatives. People receiving indirect benefits from the programme expressed positive attitudes towards W. salutaris for cultural, aesthetic and ecological reasons; those receiving direct benefits cited positive impacts on their household welfare. If the reintroduction programme for W. salutaris is to play a part in sustainable development in Tanganda Halt then inequalities in the distribution of benefits need to be addressed. The W. salutaris reintroduction programme is still evolving. Evaluating the attitudes of local people towards the programme provides valuable insights for development planning and for future plant conservation programmes in south-east Zimbabwe.
47
Sciandrello, Saverio, Salvatore Cambria, Gianpietro Giusso del Galdo, Pietro Minissale, Marta Puglisi, Gianmarco Tavilla, and Valeria Tomaselli. "Ecological Features and Conservation of Urtica rupestris Guss. (Urticaceae): A Narrow Endemic Species of Sicily." Plants 12, no. 1 (December 29, 2022): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12010164.
Full textAbstract:
The conservation actions of endangered plant species require a clear knowledge of their habitats. Urtica rupestris Guss. (Urticaceae) is a rare endemic plant species occurring on shady cliffs in the southern-eastern part of Sicily. In the last century, the extreme anthropogenic alterations of Hyblaean plateau have caused the continuous and unrestrained fragmentation of natural habitats and consequently the reduction and disappearance of some plant species. A total of 52 vegetation plots, of which 34 are unpublished, were analyzed in order to characterize the floristic composition of the U. rupestris community. All the relevés were classified using classification and ordination methods. The species is mainly linked to shady and wet rock habitats, and only secondarily colonizes the undergrowth shrubs. According to IUCN criteria, we propose a new risk status for this species and the establishment of a new habitat (92/43CEE) for correct long-term conservation. Finally, a new association, Urtico rupestris-Adiantetum capilli-veneris, which falls within the Polysticho setiferi-Phyllitidion scolopendrii alliance (Adiantetea capilli-veneris class), was described. This study can provide useful information for the management and conservation of U. rupestris.
48
Reside, April E., Jutta Beher, Anita J. Cosgrove, Megan C. Evans, Leonie Seabrook, Jennifer L. Silcock, Amelia S. Wenger, and Martine Maron. "Ecological consequences of land clearing and policy reform in Queensland." Pacific Conservation Biology 23, no. 3 (2017): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc17001.
Full textAbstract:
Land clearing threatens biodiversity, impairs the functioning of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems, and is a key contributor to human-induced climate change. The rates of land clearing in the State of Queensland, Australia, are at globally significant levels, and have been the subject of intense and polarised political debate. In 2016, a legislative bill that aimed to restore stronger controls over land clearing failed to pass in the Queensland Parliament, despite the clear scientific basis for policy reform. Here, we provide a short history of the recent policy debate over land clearing in Queensland, in the context of its global and national ecological significance. Land clearing affects regional climates, leading to hotter, drier climates that will impact on the Queensland economy and local communities. Loss of habitat from land clearing is a key threatening process for many endangered animals and plants. Runoff from land clearing results in sediment and nutrient enrichment, which threatens the health of the Great Barrier Reef. Australia has made national and international commitments to conserve biodiversity and reduce our greenhouse gas emissions, but current land clearing policies are not consistent with these commitments. Stronger regulation is needed to reduce vegetation loss, such as target-based regulation, which sets a cap on land clearing and could effectively halt vegetation loss over the long term. Lasting policy reform is required, and we recommend an effective policy mix that restricts clearing, provides economic opportunities for vegetation retention, and informs the Australian community about the value of native vegetation.
49
Hill, Sarah J., and Kristine French. "Potential impacts of fire and grazing in an endangered ecological community: plant composition and shrub and eucalypt regeneration in Cumberland Plain Woodland." Australian Journal of Botany 52, no. 1 (2004): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt02068.
Full textAbstract:
Exclosure plots were used to determine the effect of fire and grazing on the structure of a grassy-woodland community. Eighteen months after fire and fence treatments were applied, the species richness, cover and composition of shrubs, trees, herbs and grasses were assessed and compared to pre-treatment censuses. Unburned plots had fewer shrub species and a lower abundance of shrubs, indicating the importance of fire in promoting regeneration of shrub species. Eucalypt species were more abundant and richer following the wildfire burn in summer, suggesting timing of fires is an important aspect in the establishment of the canopy species. Interactions between fire and grazing were found for the abundance of eucalypts (although weak) and resprouting eucalypts, suggesting a subtle interaction between fire and grazing shortly after fire. There was no effect of grazing and no interaction effect between fire and grazing on shrub species richness and abundance or tree species richness and seedling abundance.All plots showed a change in species composition despite treatment, and 46 species (32% of total richness) were recorded only in the final survey. The high rainfall during the 18-month study is likely to be an important factor in facilitating the establishment of species following all disturbances. This may have ameliorated the impact of grazing as abundant food was available throughout the woodland. The interaction between fire and grazing may be more important in structuring these grassy communities during periods of lower rainfall.
50
Blyth, Colette, Matthew J. Christmas, Doug C. Bickerton, Renate Faast, Jasmin G. Packer, Andrew J. Lowe, and Martin F. Breed. "Increased Genetic Diversity via Gene Flow Provides Hope for Acacia whibleyana, an Endangered Wattle Facing Extinction." Diversity 12, no. 8 (July 30, 2020): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12080299.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper we apply a conservation genomics approach to make evidence-based management recommendations for Acacia whibleyana, an endangered shrub endemic to Eyre Peninsula, South Australia. We used population genomic analysis to assess genetic connectivity, diversity, and historical inbreeding across all known stands of the species sampling remnant stands, revegetated stands of unknown origin, and a post-fire seedling cohort. Our results indicate a degree of historical connectivity across the landscape, but habitat loss and/or pollinator community disruption are potential causes of strong genetic structure across the remnant stands. Remnant stands had low genetic diversity and showed evidence of historical inbreeding, but only low levels of intra-stand relatedness indicating that risks of contemporary inbreeding are low. Analysis of a post-fire first generation cohort of seedlings showed they likely resulted from intra-stand matings, resulting in reduced genetic diversity compared to the parents. However, admixed seedlings in this cohort showed an increase in heterozygosity relative to likely sources and the non-admixed seedlings of the same stand. Assisted inter-stand gene flow may prove an effective management strategy to boost heterozygosity and corresponding increases in adapting capacity in this endangered species.