Journal articles on the topic 'End use product value'
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Yang, Guang Yong. "Excavating Value of Life Cycle Based Product Returns." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 2681–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.2681.
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Ecologic environment is increasingly polluted, amount of green consumers are expanding, and more countries and governments have enacted and implemented environmental protection regulations to curb firms environmental negative impact. Based on product life cycle return perspective, we divide returns into three types: beginning of life return, end of use return and end of life return. Then, we analyze return value evaluation through law of conservation and conversion of energy. Our conclusions show for between beginning of life and end of use product return, educating consumers environmental conscious and responsive collection and resell returned products measures are the core ingredients. For after end of life product return, the best strategy is that firm collects and disposes in cost efficient measures replacing consumers direct disposal.
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Alexeev, Andrey, Tatyana Alexeeva, Larisa Enaleva, Tatyana Tupolskikh, and Nataliia Shumskaia. "Prospects for the use of protein-carbohydrate complex based on mung bean seeds in the functional meat products technology." E3S Web of Conferences 175 (2020): 08004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017508004.
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The use of new non-traditional types of plant materials in the diet is one of the ways to improve the meat products’ quality. The combination of plant proteins with animals creates biologically active amino-acid complexes which increase its bioavailability for organism and biological value of the product. In this case, the use of non-traditional plant materials in the production technology of new types of sausage products to improve the quality of the end product is prospective and relevant. Research objective is development of formulations and technologies for new types of high biological value products, based on combination of meat raw materials with functional additives of plant origin. The work was performed at the Department of Food Technology FSBEI HE «Don State Agrarian University», Persianovsky, Rostov region. The objects of research were the new protein-carbohydrate complexes based on flour from germinated seeds of mung bean, control and model forcemeat based on trim beef of first grade, lean trim pork and mid fat trim pork, and end products. Introduction to the cooked sausage products formulation of mung bean germinated seeds flour has a beneficial effect on the organoleptic properties of the end product and enriches it with biologically valuable substances.
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Cao, Huantian, Kelly Cobb, Michelle Yatvitskiy, Megan Wolfe, and Hongqing Shen. "Textile and Product Development from End-of-Use Cotton Apparel: A Study to Reclaim Value from Waste." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 13, 2022): 8553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148553.
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The textile and apparel production and consumption generate a huge amount of solid textile waste. Mechanical recycling is one main method to recycle cotton waste; however, shredding in mechanical recycling shortens fiber length and reduces fiber quality. As a result, the application of mechanically recycled textiles may be limited. This research investigated mechanical methods to recycle post-consumer cotton textile waste and designed and developed second-life products. This study applied research through design methodology and documented step-by-step textile and product development practices to communicate the results. Using the textiles from deconstructed end-of-use garments with a high cotton content (80% or higher), combined with other materials, the researchers developed yarns, and nonwoven, woven, quilted, tufted fabrics. The researchers tested textile properties such as “yarn” tensile strength and elongation, fabric thickness, thermal resistance, air permeability, and stiffness. Using fabrics developed from end-of-use cotton waste, the researchers designed and developed high-value products such as bags, decorative textile, a hat, cell phone and glasses cases, and garments to contribute to the sustainability and circularity of cotton.
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Pamminger, Rainer, Sebastian Glaser, and Wolfgang Wimmer. "Modelling of different circular end-of-use scenarios for smartphones." International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 26, no. 3 (February 2, 2021): 470–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11367-021-01869-2.
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Abstract Purpose Repairing, refurbishing and remanufacturing are three strategies of the Circular Economy (CE), aiming at closing product cycles and maintaining materials and resources in the product cycle as long as possible. This paper analyses the environmental impacts of these three circular end-of-use scenarios (repairing, refurbishing and part remanufacturing) when performed on a common, “non-circular” smartphone. The underlying data used for this paper partly have been result of the Horizon 2020 project sustainablySMART, where circular product concepts have been developed and analysed in detail. Methods To analyse the environmental impacts of different circular end-of-use scenarios of smartphones, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is performed. For considering the impact of a smartphone’s first life (e.g. materials, production), an economic allocation is used. Since the goal of the study was to better understand the environmental impacts of processing routes that enable multiple life cycles of a product, allocation according to the economic value is applied instead of applying system expansion. As system expansion provides just an aggregated view of the first and second product life cycles and no decision support at the end of the first life regarding the relevant CE strategy can be given. The economic allocation is based on the ratio between the residual market value and the original price from the scenario’s input stream of smartphones of the respective end-of-use scenario. To reach comparability of the results, a second-use-time-parameter is defined for each scenario. This parameter takes into account that the second use time reaches only a certain share from the average smart phone use time. Results This study shows that through all three circular strategies, a reduction in the investigated impact categories—Global Warming Potential (GWP) and Abiotic Depletion Potential (ADP)—can be achieved. Conclusions The analysed end-of-use scenarios repairing and refurbishing show the highest potential for smartphones in terms of Circular Economy, as most of the environmental impacts can be allocated to the device production, and the impact of additional steps to perform CE-strategies (e.g. collection of discarded phones, refurbishing) is rather low.
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Hildenbrand, Jutta, Johan Dahlström, Sasha Shahbazi, and Martin Kurdve. "Identifying and Evaluating Recirculation Strategies for Industry in the Nordic Countries." Recycling 6, no. 4 (November 12, 2021): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling6040074.
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The manufacturing industry in the Nordic countries aims to include closing product and material loops to recover values in their circular economy strategies. Recirculating strategies for products and materials are required for existing products that are part of the stock and are also anticipated to be aligned with products designed for circularity and circular business models in the future. Options to capture value of discarded products are diverse and include reuse, remanufacturing and material recycling. The Circular Economy Integration in the Nordic Industry for enhanced sustainability and competitiveness (CIRCit) project developed a framework to guide decision makers in the industry on how to identify suitable treatments and subsequent use at the end of use or end of life of a product and how to select among different options. Factors considered in the assessment include technical feasibility, necessary efforts, networks of business partners, legal implications and overall sustainability aspects. Our empirical studies show great support for decision-makers in the value recovery of different products with different complexity levels. It is also concluded that the properties of products at their end of use are the main drivers behind selecting a proper recirculation strategy. This study contributes with an empirical evaluation and a consistent terminology framework for recirculation options. The general setup is relevant for the Nordic countries.
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Labelle, Alexandre, and Jean-Marc Frayret. "Agent-Based Model for End-of-Life Product Flow Analysis." Resources 7, no. 3 (July 12, 2018): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources7030042.
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This paper presents an agent-based simulation model for end-of-life product flow analysis in recuperation and recycling supply networks that focuses on individual consumer behaviors. The simulation model is applied to a deposit-return program on wine bottles that could be developed in the province of Quebec. Canadian data was used to calibrate and validate the model. A series of experiments was then conducted with three artificial populations to analyse how they would react to several implementation scenarios of this end-of-life product flow strategy. The results suggest that the distance to the nearest depot is an important decision factor, but less predominant than the ownership of a private vehicle and the deposit value. The results also indicate that the use of agent-based modeling combined with the theory of planned behavior (TPB) can produce modular behavior models, that are intuitive and simple, to better understand consumer-behavior-driven supply chains. Such models can be used to give insights to decision-makers and policy-makers about the potential performance of end-of-life product flows strategies and further facilitate efficient resource management.
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Cong, Liang, Fu Zhao, and John W. Sutherland. "Value recovery from end-of-use products facilitated by automated dismantling planning." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 19, no. 7 (May 20, 2017): 1867–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10098-017-1370-9.
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Kondrat’ev, V. "World Economy as Global Value Chain’s Network." World Economy and International Relations, no. 3 (2015): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2015-3-5-17.
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World trade and production are increasingly structured around “global value chains” (GVCs). A value chain identifies the full range of activities that firms undertake to bring a product or a service from its conception to its end use by final consumers. Technological progress, cost, access to resources and markets and trade policy reforms have facilitated the geographical fragmentation of production processes across the globe according to the comparative advantage of the locations. This international fragmentation of production is a powerful source of increased efficiency and firm competitiveness. Today, more than half of world manufactured imports are intermediate goods (primary goods, parts and components, semi-finished products), and more than 70% of world services imports are intermediate services. The emergence of GVCs during the last two decades has implications in many areas, including trade, investment and industrial development. Some of these implications have been explored in recent OECD work but the empirical evidence on GVCs remains limited. The last few years have witnessed a growing number of case studies on the globally integrated value chains at the product level, but such analyses only depict the situation for a specific product. The main objective of the article is to provide more and better evidence allowing to examine the position of countries within international production networks. The author deals with quantitative indicators that give a more accurate picture of the integration and position of countries in GVCs. A detailed assessment of global value chains is provided in six industries: agriculture and food products, chemicals, electrical and computing machinery, motor vehicles, business services, financial services.
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Page, Steven, Lyvonne Ly, Ryan Edge, Scott Campbell, and Dominic Dowling. "CSG water: the challenge of upstream interfaces—well to beneficial use." APPEA Journal 54, no. 2 (2014): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj13087.
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In its journey from well to beneficial use, CSG-produced water passes through multiple systems and processes. Understanding and managing these inter- and intra-system interfaces is vital to a successful outcome for capital and operating costs, water quality, brine management, and overall asset integrity. This extended abstract discusses a number of case studies and outcomes as described below. Optimising the gathering system—wells and trunk lines Whole lifecycle-downhole pressure operating costs (OPEX) versus gathering line size capital costs (CAPEX) Pipe size standardisation: trunk line OPEX versus trunk line size/cost; pressure versus materials Reliability and availability—node-to-node system analysis, influence, and conjunctive use Optimum network architecture and water treatment facility (WTF) location WTFs and water storages—protecting the core What’s in the water—water blending, pipeline corrosion management, and well/drilling products Reliability and maintenance: bigger WTF and water storages versus spares strategy and reliability management Manage inter plant streams—recovery costs less that waste management Treated water end use and brine management—a product people want Know your end user—getting it right early is a win for everyone Guidelines, regulation, and best practice—a potentially volatile mix? Optimising the number and location of WTFs based on end use—value versus risk Brine—commodity versus waste management; an understanding of the product, market, and risks is vital
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Fast, Don, Susan E. Fleck, and Dominic A. Smith. "Unit Value Indexes for Exports – New Developments Using Administrative Trade Data." Journal of Official Statistics 38, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 83–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jos-2022-0005.
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Abstract U.S. import and export price indexes replaced unit value indexes forty years ago, given quality concerns of mismeasurement due to unit value bias. The administrative trade data underlying the unit values have greatly improved since that time. The transaction records are now more detailed, available electronically, and compiled monthly with little delay. The data are used by academic researchers to calculate price measures, and unit value indexes based on trade data are used by other national statistical offices (NSOs). The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics is now evaluating whether replacing price indexes with unit value indexes for homogeneous products calculated from administrative trade data could expand the number of published official import and export price indexes. Using export transactions, the research calculates detailed unit value indexes from 200 + million trade records from 2012–2017 for 123 export product categories. Results show that 27 of the 123 unit value indexes are homogeneous and closely comparable to published official price indexes. This article presents the concepts and methods considered to calculate and evaluate the unit value indexes and to select the product categories that are homogeneous. Compared to official price indexes, export unit value indexes for the 27 5-digit BEA (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis) end-use product categories would deflate real exports of these goods by 13 percentage points less over the period. Incorporating these 27 indexes into the top-level XPI would increase the value of real exports of all merchandise goods by 2.6 percentage points at the end of 2017.
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Muranko, Żaneta, Catriona Tassell, Anouk Zeeuw van der Laan, and Marco Aurisicchio. "Characterisation and Environmental Value Proposition of Reuse Models for Fast-Moving Consumer Goods: Reusable Packaging and Products." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 1, 2021): 2609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052609.
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Problem: Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCGs) are products that are purchased and consumed frequently to satisfy continuous consumer demand. In a linear economy, FMCGs are typically offered as single-use and disposable products. Limitations in product design, insufficient collection systems, and inefficient recovery processes prevent high recycling rates. As a result, FMCGs often end up in landfill or the environment, contributing to waste accumulation, and pollution. Whilst recycling is the most common waste prevention strategy practiced by the industry, the process is limited to addressing only the final stage of the product life cycle, omitting the overproduction and consumption of materials typical of FMCGs. Instead, reuse is a strategy that is capable of extending the value of resources by slowing material flows. Novel reuse models that require the consumer to interact with durable primary packaging and products are emerging in the FMCG industry. However, the constituent elements and operation principles of such reuse models are not fully understood. The aim of this research is to develop a comprehensive characterisation of reuse models and to evaluate their potential to deliver environmental value. Method: Ninety-two reuse offerings were selected and analysed to identify their reuse system elements. The analysis led to the identification of a framework including five reuse models, which were also evaluated to establish their capability to deliver environmental value when compared to conventional single-use and disposable FMCGs. Results: Currently in the FMCG sector, reusable products are mostly durable packaging, such as bottles and containers for beverages, foods, personal and home care goods, and are infrequently durable products, such as personal and baby care goods, including razors and nappies. Three reuse models involve exclusive reuse, a behaviour by which a reusable product is used and kept by a single user throughout the product lifetime. In exclusive reuse models, users are provided with either a reusable product (model 1), a reusable product with preparation for reuse infrastructure (model 2), or access to preparation for reuse infrastructure (model 3). Two reuse models involve sequential reuse, a behaviour by which a reusable product is used by multiple users throughout the product lifetime and returned after each use to a provider. In sequential reuse models, users are provided with either a reusable product with preparation for reuse infrastructure and provider-operated recovery services (model 4), or a reusable product and provider-operated services for recovery and preparation for reuse (model 5). Whilst the five reuse models can operate standalone, some offerings were found to embed a multi-model approach. Both exclusive and sequential reuse models are capable of delivering environmental value by reducing the use of natural resources and retaining their value in the economy. In particular, sequential reuse models were found to have a greater capability to increase the share of recyclable resources by offering access to infrastructure for the closure of material loops. Conclusions: Consumers can currently access five reuse models and choose between exclusive and sequential reuse behaviours. When adopted in conjunction with recycling, reuse models can enable a more efficient consumption of FMCGs. Providing the infrastructure necessary to enable reuse and recycling is key to the successful and sustainable deployment of the reuse models.
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Thilmany, Jean. "In One Place." Mechanical Engineering 131, no. 03 (March 1, 2009): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2009-mar-3.
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This review explores the prospects of using product lifecycle management (PLM) as an end-to-end solution. The components of PLM provide significant value, but there are no fully integrated offerings on the market that perfectly cover every aspect of product lifecycle, according to a report. In the absence of an end-to-end tracking system, one trend coming to prominence is the use of PLM as the complete system of record for all product data. Though a study concluded that PLM still has a way to go in terms of tracking product design from early inception right through sales to reclamation, it is becoming the main go-to source for a large amount of product data. Experts believe that PLM still has a way to go in terms of tracking product design from early inception right through sales to reclamation; however, it is becoming the main go-to source for a large amount of product data. Software developers are working to create tools that can incorporate ever more of the big picture and make it accessible to engineers.
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Kuik, Swee, and Li Diong. "Building Model-Driven Decision Support System in Product Redesign Plan." Designs 3, no. 1 (March 18, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs3010018.
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Product recovery strategy requires a thoughtful consideration of environmental implications of operational processes, undergone by a manufactured product in its entire product lifecycle, from stages of material processing, manufacturing, assembly, transportation, product use, product post-use and end-of-life. At the returns stream from product use stage, those parts and/or component assemblies from a used product have several disposition alternatives for recovery, such as direct reuse, remanufacture, recycle or disposal. Due to such complexity of the manufacturing processes in recovery, current decision methodologies focus on the performance measures of cost, time, waste and quality separately. In this article, an integrated decision model for used product returns stream is developed to measure the recovery of utilisation value in the aspects of cost, waste, time, and quality collectively. In addition, we proposed a model-driven decision support system (DSS) that may be useful for manufacturers in making recovery disposition alternatives. A case application was demonstrated with the use of model-driven DSS to measure recovery utilisation value for the used product disposition alternatives. Finally, the future work and contributions of this study are discussed.
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Oviedo-Ocaña, Edgar Ricardo, Angelica Hernández-Gómez, Isabel Dominguez, Brayan Alexis Parra-Orobio, Jonathan Soto-Paz, and Antoni Sánchez. "Evaluation of Co-Composting as an Alternative for the Use of Agricultural Waste of Spring Onions, Chicken Manure and Bio-Waste Produced in Moorland Ecosystems." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 16, 2022): 8720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148720.
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Composting is an adequate method for treating and valorizing agricultural waste such as those from spring onion (SO) cultivation and chicken breeding (chicken manure–CM). However, the low content of Total Organic Carbon in the waste from SO and the high concentration of total nitrogen in CM are limitations for the composting process. This research studied the co-composting of SO and CM in a moorland ecosystem, together with locally available co-substrates such as biowaste (BW) and woodchips (WC), focusing on the effect of co-composting in process development and end-product quality. A pilot-scale experiment was carried out using three treatments in triplicated composting piles: (i) Treatment A: 43% CM + 41% BW + 16% WC; (ii) Treatment B: 52% CM + 32% SO + 16% WC, and (iii) Treatment C: 70% SO + 30% WC. Treatments A and B reached thermophilic temperatures after two days of the process start and remained at that level for 17 days. However, treatment B reached environmental temperature during curing in a shorter time (43 days) than treatment A (53 days). Treatment C did not achieve thermophilic temperatures. Tests carried out at the end of the process showed end-product stability and non-phytotoxic characteristics (germination indexes 80%). The fertility index of the products showed that treatments A and B presented values of 4.3 (over 5.0) while treatment C obtained a value of 2.5. From the perspective of agricultural use, products from the three treatments had limitations due to deficiencies in essential nutrients like phosphorus. Still, they had potential as a soil amendment for restoration processes. In summary, we have demonstrated that this waste, in combination with other organic materials, could be a good amendment for the composting process and the end product.
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Rundh, Bo. "The role of packaging within marketing and value creation." British Food Journal 118, no. 10 (October 3, 2016): 2491–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-10-2015-0390.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the importance of innovative packaging for marketing purposes in a food supply chain. The intent is also to understand the function of packaging as a marketing tool. The outcome of the study is expected to contribute to the link between packaging and marketing literature. Design/methodology/approach The case study method was chosen in order to assess and investigate how packaging can be used in marketing. The study focuses on narrating the use of packaging for different customer applications and the unit of analyses was the packaging product. In order to analyse the five sub-cases or “corporate stories” a cross-case analysis was used and the analysis of data was carried out in different stages. This approach treats each sub-case as a separate entity and the analysis reveal both similarities and differences among the sub-cases. Findings The present study demonstrates that packaging has become an important tool in marketing of different products either this is for end-consumers, or customers in a supply chain. This has become more essential as more products are introduced on a market. The study shows the significance of linking packaging to marketing strategy. An important ingredient for that is the use of packaging design for differentiation purposes. The results support also that packaging has become an essential factor for a secure and efficient distribution in a food supply chain. In addition, packaging and packaging design is contributing to value creation for different actors in a food supply chain. Practical implications The managerial implication from the case study shows that packaging can be used together with the product concept to create a competitive offering in a market. This gives managers the possibility to differentiate their products from competitive offerings by using packaging and packaging design in a creative manner. Originality/value This paper fulfils an identified need for contributions to more research on packaging and marketing strategy. The study shows the influence of packaging on marketing.
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Yoshimura, Akihiro, Yuma Nishioka, and Yasunari Matsuno. "Analysis of Substance Flow and the Transition of Industrial Structure of Indium in Japan." International Journal of Automation Technology 16, no. 6 (November 5, 2022): 747–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2022.p0747.
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Indium is a rare metal that is an essential raw material for indium tin oxide (ITO) essential for transparent electrodes for displays. However, its supply is unstable as it is a by-product of zinc. In this research, we investigated the domestic substance flow of indium used for liquid crystal applications in Japan. Accordingly, we quantitatively evaluated the amount of indium contained in the process loss and the content of indium in end-of-life products. Through this quantification, we examined the visualization of loss in the entire flow and the usability of end-of-life products as secondary production. Consequently, it was found that the amount of indium used in the production of end-use-products in Japan has increased significantly due to the growth of liquid crystal display TVs, particularly in preparation for the transition to terrestrial digital broadcasting in 2011, and has drastically decreased after 2012. Meanwhile, some manufacturing bases have been relocated from Japan to other countries, and a certain proportion of end-use-products are imported, by which we infer the domestic input amount of end-use-products in recent years is estimated to have remained at approximately 4 t. Based on the result, after having continued to increase to the maximum value of approximately 70 t in 2014, the in-use stock has exhibited a gradually decreasing trend. Moreover, the indium content in end-of-life products has continued to increase, and in 2015, it exceeded the amount of the end-use-products input into society. Furthermore, compared with the process loss at the time of processing from ITO to a display, the gap has been narrowed from 100 times or more, and the indium content in end-of-life products in 2008 to about 15 times in 2017. These results suggest that the recycling potential of end-of-life products has increased with the spread of indium-based products.
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Debrot, Adolphe O., Ab Veldhuizen, Sander W. K. van den Burg, Charlotte J. Klapwijk, Md Nazrul Islam, Md Iftakharul Alam, Md Nazmul Ahsan, et al. "Non-Timber Forest Product Livelihood-Focused Interventions in Support of Mangrove Restoration: A Call to Action." Forests 11, no. 11 (November 20, 2020): 1224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11111224.
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Mangroves of tropical and subtropical shores and deltas contribute to ecosystem functioning and human wellbeing in numerous ways but continue to be lost or degraded worldwide at a rapid pace. Overexploitation driven by poverty is often the root cause of mangrove destruction and degradation. The negative feedback cycle between destruction and poverty can only be broken by justly valuing current or introducing new sustainable livelihood options to foster long-lasting local support for mangroves. The large array of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) that mangroves offer have rarely been developed beyond the subsistence level and remain undervalued as “products of the poor”. In light of the global trends towards sustainability and bio-economy, today they represent a major business opportunity for forest communities to produce high value-added end-user products. Even though mangrove NTFPs have been recognized to have high potential toward inclusive development and poverty alleviation and to be highly gender-equal, the development of mangrove NTFPs has continued to attract very little funding or research interest. Several ecological characteristics make commercialization of mangrove NTFPs particularly challenging. Production at economies of scale, including quality standards, as well as marketing and value chain management are all essential in order to develop these products beyond their subsistence role. To be most effective, a systems perspective on NTFP development is needed, whereby product-market development occurs in unison and based on a participative, inclusive and fair development approach. The species/product of choice for value-added product-market development in any specific community or area will depend on several factors. To address many of the typical constraints and maximize the chances of success, we suggest that the use of village or district-level cooperatives may be particularly useful. A better use of the untapped potential of mangroves for local livelihoods may form a most convincing advocate for local protection and restoration of mangrove forests. Therefore, funding agencies, governments and researchers alike are called to invest in mangrove NTFP development as a way to locally incentivize sustainable mangrove protection and restoration.
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Papadopoulou, Olga, and Nikos Chorianopoulos. "Production of a Functional Fresh Cheese Enriched with the Probiotic Strain Lb. Plantarum T571 Isolated From Traditional Greek Product." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 4, Special-Issue-October (October 14, 2016): 169–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.4.special-issue-october.23.
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The aim of the study was the production of fresh cheese with enhanced quality, standardized characteristics and increased functional and nutritional value. The main idea was to produce probiotic cheese with the use of probiotic bacteria isolated from the microflora of traditional Greek products. For this reason, fresh cheese was produced according to the traditional method (control) and the probiotic strain Lb. plantarum T571 was also added as co-culture (probiotic). All samples were inoculated with L. monocytogenes (3 strains) of 3 log CFU/g initial inoculum level. Microbiological analysis occured during cheese production and until the end of the shelf life of the product stored at 4°C under vacuum packaging. pH, water activity (aW) and titratable acidity were also monitored along with the sensory analysis of the product. The survival of probiotic and Listeria strains was assessed by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). Results showed that on the 1st day of manufacture the population levels of lab exceeded 8 log CFU/g for all inoculated samples. By the end of shelf life, the population levels of lab in probiotic samples were approximately 7.5 log CFU/g. However, the probiotic samples resulted to significantly higher acidity, lower pH and reduced counts of coliforms and Listeria spp. The quality characteristics of probiotic products compared with the control ones were better according to the test panel. Regarding the PFGE results, Lb. plantarum T571 strain was found in all cases at populations above 7 log CFU/g. Although further research is needed, the results of the current study were encouraging for producing a probiotic fresh cheese with high added value and increased safety levels.
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Ivanova, N. G., I. A. Nikitin, S. N. Tepfikova, M. V. Klokonos, and N. A. Berezina. "The use of non-traditional raw materials in the technology of cupcake for pregnant women." Khleboproducty 29, no. 12 (2020): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32462/0235-2508-2020-29-12-36-39.
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The article presents the results of research on the development of a technology for low-sugar cake with the use of date syrup and avocado puree intended for nutrition of pregnant women. Based on the storage capacity results, it was found that the weight loss of the control cake sample does not depend on the addition of date syrup and avocado puree to the recipe. The results of the organoleptic evaluation of the samples showed that at the end of the shelf life the muffins were suitable for consumption with only a slight loss of the severity of taste and smell. Calculation of the nutritional value of the developed products showed that the consumption of 100 g of the developed cake will increase the coverage of the daily requirement of pregnant women in potassium by 4,9 % compared to the control sample, in calcium – by 0,7 %, in magnesium – by 3,2 %, in iron – by 0,7 %, in vitamins B9 – by 3,5 % and E – by 2,4 %. The energy value of the developed product is reduced by 64 kcal in comparison with the control sample.
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Himandi, Shashika, Priyan Perera, Hiran Amarasekera, Rajitha Rupasinghe, and Richard P. Vlosky. "Wood Residues in the Moratuwa Woodworking Industry Cluster of Sri Lanka: Potential for Sector Synergies and Value-Added Products." Forest Products Journal 71, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): 379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/fpj-d-21-00042.
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Abstract The Moratuwa Woodworking Industry Cluster (MWIC) is a geographically concentrated cluster of over 1,600 small-to-medium scale wood-based manufacturing and retail facilities in Sri Lanka. Firms include furniture manufacturers, carpentry shops, sawmills, and integrated sawmills. The concept of industrial symbiosis explores the synergies between industrial facilities to exchange energy, water, by-products, and waste to achieve a higher efficiency in resource utilization. This research was undertaken to address the lack of quantitative information on wood residues generated within the MWIC. A survey of 180 primary and secondary wood product manufacturers was undertaken to quantify MWIC firm by-product production and consumption of wood residues to establish a baseline for possible end use and waste synergies. The total population of enterprises generating wood waste is 730; retail facilities are not included. Sawmills produce approximately 66% of the 6,490 MT of MWIC's monthly wood residue generation, with the balance produced by carpentry and integrated enterprises. Teak (Tectona grandis) and mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) are the dominant species used in the MWIC, accounting for most of the wood waste. Three main types of wood waste were identified in the survey: sawdust (76.5%), boards with significant wane (16.5%) unusable for further products, and offcuts (6.9%). Only 55% of the wood waste generated in MWIC is currently used; the remaining 45% is taken to landfills or disposed of in other ways, such as discarded in waterways or other nonapproved locations. Improved wood waste sorting by type at the mill level and aggregated wood waste within the MWIC was determined to increase the usability of wood waste as potential inputs in other wood manufacturing sectors in the MWIC.
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KAPRELYANTS, L. V., L. G. POZHITKOVA, T. A. VELICHKO, and O. A. BILYK. "WHEAT ARABINOXYLANS: STRUCTURE, EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERISTICS." Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s 19, no. 2 (October 4, 2019): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/gpmf.v19i2.1443.
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Wheat bran is a by-product of conventional milling and is commercially available in large quantities. Beside its high content of dietary fibre it contains proteins, minerals as well as vitamins and others biologically active components. In recent years, there have been designed different approaches to incorporation of wheat bran in food products to optimize composition or physiological effects. Industrial wheat bran is one of the most representative available hemicellulosic rich products. Arabinoxylans are the predominant non-starch polysaccharides found in the structural matrix of cell walls in wheat grains, being present in large quantities in wheat bran, accounting for up to 15-20% of its composition. Their physicochemical properties define their functionality which can be beneficial in cereal-based products such as bread, where their addition could enhance the gluten matrix responsible for the aerated structure and quality of bread. A potential source of аrabinoxylans is its extraction from the wheat bran based low value as an end product of the milling process. The benefits of extraction are twofold, to enhance nutritional value wheat by-product reducing fibre content and produce a high value product for use as a functional ingredient in the bread making industry and in others foods. Extraction of arabinoxylans involves many possibilities for obtaining substances with different physicochemical properties, giving opportunity for integration in functional foods. Functional behaviour includes viscosity, water solubility, water holding capacity, oxidative cross linking and gel formation and foam stability, which are all reported to be affected by the physicochemical properties of arabinoxylans, as well as chain to chain interactions with other polymers and with the solvent. Currently no commercial supply of arabinoxylans is available in sufficient quantities to conduct functionality trials; therefore the objective of the current work was to study the feasibility of extracting arabinoxylans from the bran for future developing and scaled-up extraction process based on the analyzed methods and approaches.
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Howard, Thomas J., and Mogens Myrup Andreasen. "Mind-sets of functional reasoning in engineering design." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 27, no. 3 (July 24, 2013): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060413000231.
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AbstractThe concept of a function is of great importance in design. This paper describes from theory how designers should reason about functions when designing. This paper introduces the link model, showing how functions and properties link the product and its use, to the perceived value of the product. The important and useful distinction between functions and properties is made along with the distinction between “wirk functions,” which is what the product does when operating, and “use functions,” which is what the product is used for. The paper makes a novel contribution beyond previous literature, showing that not only is a product's behavior or mode of action designed but also the use activity of the end user. Based on the theoretical perspective unfolded, the authors offer nine mind-sets for both design practitioners and researchers to consider when reasoning about functions.
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Anil, Jemimah Mary, Reshma Suresh, Keerthana C R, Varsha K V, Nihala T A, Devika C, and Thomas Ruby Mariamma. "Assessment of Consumer Preference for Upcycled Textile Products." International Journal of Science, Engineering and Management 9, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36647/ijsem/09.01.a009.
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Fashion industry contributes to environmental pollution, with increasing consequences all around the world. Circular economy can be a guideline for the fashion industry, encouraging product development focused on sustainable products. This study focused on development of twelve innovative useful products from textile wastes collected from 20 tailoring units. The upcycled products were evaluated for their acceptability, utility, creativity and aesthetic appearance. Evaluation of product assessment by consumers indicated that none of the products were rated poor. The popular product was fancy bag in terms of overall acceptability. Fancy bag, table sheet, slippers and pencil pouch were rated excellent for creativity. The highest score on utility was for pencil pouch, fancy bag, cell phone pouch and slippers. As for aesthetic appearance, slippers and hair accessories and jewelry were rated excellent. Hence, fabric waste generated from tailoring units can be upcycled into useful products rather than discarding in landfills or burning them up. The Government can initiate ways to popularize upcycled products promoting its environment friendly value. Collection centres for textile wastes can be set up for sorting the waste according to the end use it can be put to.
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Cheirchanteri, Georgia. "Architecture as a Product of Tourism Consumption." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1203, no. 3 (November 1, 2021): 032004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1203/3/032004.
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Abstract Nevertheless, iconic architecture assists in the identification of a place, city or precinct, so, structural, functional and aesthetic aspects of architecture, particularly those that represent unique features, attract tourists. Architecture, according to Aldo Rossi, "is at the same time a place, an event and a symbol". Apart from the construction in the "traditional" sense that one perceives, it is also the process by which a building is lined up. It is therefore understood that the concept of architecture which is used, depending on the purpose, as a means of representation, use, impression, but also commercialization. In particular, regarding to the relationship between Architecture and Tourism, buildings and spaces are understood as "products", that means as a series of enhancing activities while at the same time are completing the image and identity of a place (place branding). The aim of this study is to explore the value of iconic buildings to tourism, while assessing their economic and social value in tourism using the benefit transfer method. For example, the Sydney Opera House is exemplary in this respect and is estimated to contribute "US $ 640 million in annual expenses to visitors to Sydney", as it attracts visitors, indirectly encouraging them to spend the night and further. Concluding, it is noted that the value of virtual architecture is often attributed to the construction of brick and reinforced concrete, while the wider benefits that a building can offer are often overlooked or underestimated. However, what attracts the most stray visitors is the design of the buildings and the virtual architecture which in turn identify a part (country or city) of these important landmarks. While the goal of architects is not to create tourist attractions with economic benefits, however, many are increasingly aware that successful design and functional buildings become attractions for visitors on their own – which form an external environment that requires appreciation, so in the end to end up like tourist products.
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Karwowska, Małgorzata, Joanna Stadnik, and Karolina Wójciak. "The Effect of Different Levels of Sodium Nitrate on the Physicochemical Parameters and Nutritional Value of Traditionally Produced Fermented Loins." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (March 26, 2021): 2983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11072983.
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This study evaluated the effect of sodium nitrate reduction on the following parameters: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, the color parameters (CIE L* a* b*), total heme pigments, heme iron content and nutritional value related to N-nitrosamines content as well as nitrate and nitrite residues of traditionally produced fermented loins. Raw loins (m. longissimus thoracis et lumborum) and fermented products with different levels of nitrate added (0, 50, 100, 150 mg kg−1) were tested during six months of vacuum storage. The reduction of nitrate did not lead to statistically significant changes in total pigment content as well as heme iron content in fermented loins at the end of processing and during storage. Water activity did not differ statistically significantly between the formulations. Fermented loins at the end of processing revealed residual sodium nitrite levels of <10 mg kg−1, while the amount of nitrate residue depended on the level added during production, obtaining the highest value of 19.0 mg kg−1 for the sample with the highest nitrate addition. The level of nitrosamines was <5 µg kg−1 in all samples, which proves their chemical safety. In conclusion, the use of nitrate reduced to 50 mg kg−1 in fermented loins allows to obtain a product with properties similar to the product with 150 mg kg−1 of nitrate, especially in terms of its physicochemical properties and lipid oxidation.
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Pujiastuti, Dwi Yuli, Mochammad Amin Alamsjah, and Juni Triastuti. "Increasing Added Value of Seaweed Products for Noodle and Jelly Candy in Petemon Surabaya." Kontribusia : Research Dissemination for Community Development 5, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30587/kontribusia.v5i1.3137.
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In this PKM program, our partner is residents in Petemon, Surabaya, East Java Province. This community has generated the production of noodle and jelly candy from seaweed. Seaweed processing has a very broad market potential due to the increasing demand and use of seaweed processing products, whether used in the health, pharmaceutical or industrial fields. Development of seaweed with an industrial concept approach that starts from upstream, processing basic products into formulation products with a lot of derivative products, both food and non-food products. In food ingredients, seaweed can be formulated, among others, into ice cream, pudding, jelly candy or other foods and soft drinks
Based on interviews and observations in the field, there are 2 main focuses of the problems currently faced by partners, namely: 1) lack of knowledge about seaweed and 2) product diversification of seaweed which have an added value.
Some of the things planned by the PKM team are innovating seaweed to be noodle and jelly candy as well as providing training and mentoring for financial analysis, packaging and marketing. The purpose of this activity is to transfer knowledge of making product diversification of seaweed, develop the creativity of the partner, increase the noodle and jelly candy production and improve the welfare of the partner.
This activity was realized with an approach in the form of making a sustainable cooperation program until the end of PKM, creating a family atmosphere between the two and understanding that the problems experienced were a shared problem so that they could be solved together according to the level of responsibility to achieve the expected benefits, namely increased yields, production and productivity and competitiveness, independence and welfare of the community.
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Hinterhuber, Andreas, and Giulia Hinterhuber. "An empirical analysis of the role of industrial brands for industrial distributors." Journal of Strategy and Management 5, no. 3 (August 3, 2012): 252–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17554251211247562.
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PurposeCurrent research on industrial management strategy is mostly directed at industrial end customers. In doing so, current research overlooks one critical constituency – industrial retailers, i.e. companies selling products manufactured by industrial manufacturers to other companies using these products to create a finished product or service. Since the current literature states that retailers are mostly interested in category profit margins and profitability (regardless of specific brands), it is not clear whether industrial retailers value brands at all. The purpose of this paper is to determine the importance of industrial brands versus other purchase criteria for industrial distributors.Design/methodology/approachThree studies are conducted to examine the importance of brands vis‐à‐vis other purchase criteria for industrial retailers and end users. In a longitudinal study employing conjoint analysis the authors find that industrial brands have a larger impact on industrial retailer choice than product price or margin.FindingsFirst, these results suggest that industrial brands are a strong purchase driver also for industrial retailers (and not just industrial end users). Second, industrial marketing managers are thus well advised to invest in brand building to positively impact industrial retailer choice, rather than reducing prices or increasing product margins as the prevailing literature suggests. In conclusion, these studies seem to suggest that retailers use brands not only as associative or predictive cues of product performance, but also as predictive indicator of a product's expected future profitability.Research limitations/implicationsFrom a theoretical point of view, the authors’ studies suggest that industrial brands not only transmit cues to prospective end‐customers, but also send cues to intermediaries – such as industrial retailers – which influences their decision‐making processes. The strong importance B2B retailers place on brands as key purchase factor is an indicator that retailers use brands not only as associative or predictive cues of product performance, but also as predictive indicator of a product's expected future profitability (i.e. profit margins and asset turnover), which positively affects retailers’ own profitability. The results of this study are also an indication that the relationship between industrial manufacturers and industrial retailers are probably driven more by considerations of cooperation than by considerations of conflict.Practical implicationsAs a managerial implication, it is suggested that industrial marketing executives should invest in brand building to positively impact industrial retailer choice, rather than reducing prices or increasing product margins, as the prevailing literature suggests.Originality/valueIn this paper, three separate empirical studies are conducted to examine the role of brands in industrial management practice.
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Alimin, N. N., E. S. Murni, D. Cahyani, N. Aini, and A. Mulyono. "Fabric scrap interior accessories: A Solution to textile waste in Gulon Asri waste bank community in Solo, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1114, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1114/1/012092.
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Abstract Indonesia is one of the world’s largest contributors to textile waste. Textile waste is difficult to decompose and takes an extremely long time to degrade safely without polluting the environment. This country has also turned into the world’s second-largest waste supplier. In the interior design sector, clothes are typically used as the primary medium to make textile-based products or upholstery. The interior can use fabric waste into a product with beauty, function, and economic value. This community service project report presents a process of turning textile waste into interior accessory products, such as blankets, carpets, and pillows. To this end, we utilized textile waste as the primary material for home accessories to enhance a house’s aesthetic value. This community service consisted of five stages, four of which have been completed and the final stage is still underway.
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Friend, Jesse, Mathias Jahnke, Niels Walen, and Gernot Ramminger. "Testing approaches to visualize land cover/land use changes in time series with Web GIS microservice tools." Proceedings of the ICA 4 (December 3, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-4-33-2021.
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Abstract. Web applications which are high functioning, efficient, and meet the performance demand of the client are essential in modern cartographic workflows. With more and more complex spatial data being integrated into web applications, such as time related features, it is essential to harmonize the means of data presentation so that the end product is aligned with the needs of the end-user. In this paper we present aWeb GIS application built as a microservice which displays various timeseries visualizations to the user to streamline intuitiveness and functionality. The prototype provides a solution which could help to understand various ways in which current web and spatial analysis methods can be combined to create visualizations that add value to existing spatial data for cartographic workflows.
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Schulte, Anna, Daniel Maga, and Nils Thonemann. "Combining Life Cycle Assessment and Circularity Assessment to Analyze Environmental Impacts of the Medical Remanufacturing of Electrophysiology Catheters." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 17, 2021): 898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020898.
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Sustaining value after the end-of-life to improve products’ circularity and sustainability has attracted an increasing number of industrial actors, policymakers, and researchers. Medical products are considered to have great remanufacturing potential because they are often designated as single-use products and consist of various complex materials that cannot be reused and are not significant in municipal recycling infrastructure. The remanufacturing of electrophysiology catheters is a well-established process guaranteeing equivalent quality compared to virgin-produced catheters. In order to measure if using a remanufactured product is environmentally beneficial compared to using a virgin product, life cycle assessment (LCA) is often used. However, focusing on one life cycle to inform on the environmental-beneficial use fails to guide policymakers from a system perspective. This study analyzes the environmental consequences of electrophysiology catheters considering two modeling perspectives, the implementation of LCA, including a cut-off approach and combining LCA and a circularity indicator measuring multiple life cycles. Investigating the LCA results of using a remanufactured as an alternative to a newly-manufactured catheter shows that the global warming impact is reduced by 50.4% and the abiotic resource use by 28.8%. The findings from the system perspective suggest that the environmental savings increase with increasing collection rates of catheters.
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Vetrova, Maria A., and Dinara V. Ivanova. "DEVELOPMENT OF A CLOSED PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE AND THE “POLLUTER PAYS” PRINCIPLE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY." Krasnoyarsk Science 10, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2070-7568-2021-10-4-7-26.
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With the current volumes of global consumption, the linear economic model of creating products with their further use and subsequent burial in landfills without taking into account environmental, social and economic consequences has proved to be ineffective and has caused a number of global problems. For sustainable development and the future, where waste is an asset and any value is restored, a circular economy model based on a closed product life cycle and the principle of extended producer responsibility, which have become the object of special attention of this study, has been actively formed in recent years. This article presents the main ways of recycling products and waste that meet the principles of sustainable development and the creation of a circular economy to achieve environmental safety, economic growth, environmental protection and social benefits.
Objective: to develop a business decision-making process on the method of recycling products at the end of the life cycle as an integral part of the extended responsibility of the manufacturer for “closing the circuit” in the conditions of the development of the circular economy.
Methods: general scientific methods of institutional, regulatory, economic analysis and synthesis of best practices and scientific literature within the framework of the modern concept of sustainable development.
Results: methods of disposal of products at the end of use and waste are systematized, taking into account environmental, economic and social benefits, strategies of relations between the consumer and the manufacturer for the return of the product are correlated with circular business models, a business decision-making process for choosing a method of disposal of products at the end of the life cycle is developed.
Scope of the results: the results of this study can be used by enterprises when implementing circular business models and expanding the responsibility of the manufacturer for the disposal of products at the end of its life cycle, by state authorities when forming a sustainable development strategy, as well as introducing a model of the circular economy of the Russian Federation to achieve climate neutrality and environmental safety, improve the welfare of citizens, economic efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises.
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MAPLES, JOSHUA G., KALYN T. COATNEY, JOHN M. RILEY, BRANDI B. KARISCH, JANE A. PARISH, and RHONDA C. VANN. "COMPARING CARCASS END-POINT AND PROFIT MAXIMIZATION DECISION RULES USING DYNAMIC NONLINEAR GROWTH FUNCTIONS." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 47, no. 1 (January 26, 2015): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aae.2014.8.
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AbstractThis article develops a market timing decision rule for cattle feeders based on profit maximization. We then compare it with the “status quo” strategy of feeding cattle to a targeted carcass end point. We estimate individual nonlinear dynamic growth functions to derive each animal's value of the marginal product in relation to days on feed. Given individual marginal factor costs, our results indicate that the use of a profit maximization rule could have increased average profits by $16.56 to $21.09 per head for the cattle of known age, and $7.67 to $11.32 per head if age was unknown.
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Mutiat oluwaseyi Agboola-Adedoja, Adejoke Adebusola Adelusi, Qudus Adebayo Ogunwolu, Chinweike Abednego Ugwu, Modinat Adewunmi Alli, Kehinde Ademola Adesanya, and Ayodele Oladipo Akinpelu. "Cashew production, consumption and utilization: Implication on health of end users." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 14, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 182–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.14.1.0297.
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This study examined the implication of cashew production, consumption and utilization on the health of end-users. Desk research was carried out using past published literatures. The study outlined the effects of production, consumption and utilization of cashew on human health. The benefits of cashew production, consumption and utilization outweighed the negative effects. Cashew production and use should be promoted because it is beneficial in the treatment of a variety of diseases and ailments. More study on reducing chemical components (allergens) found in unroasted cashews should be encouraged by the government and other stakeholders in the cashew value chain to reduce their sensitivity to people. This will improve the contributions of the crop to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country.
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Lu, Yang, Furong Wang, Changshou Luo, Weishui Yu, and Jun Yu. "Design and Implementation of Service and Management System of Agricultural Technicians." MATEC Web of Conferences 176 (2018): 03013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817603013.
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This paper proposes a design idea of service and management system of agricultural technicians, which includes the design of management system, logical structure, service flow and management module. It introduced “DiDi Agrotechnique” product which developed based on this design idea. The “DiDi Agrotechnique” product includes two parts: One is mobile phone APP which realized one-button Q&A operation on agricultural technical consultation, the other is back-end management system, which realized management of agricultural service process and automatic statistics of service data. This product has great significance for integrating agricultural technicians, providing O2O agricultural technical services, and improving management efficiency, which has the practical value for extensive use.
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Horton, Randy, Bob Moll, and Ke Li Yew. "Accelerating the Continuous Improvement of Connected Medical Devices Using Product Analytics." Proceedings of the International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care 11, no. 1 (October 2022): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2327857922111017.
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Data acquisition on how users are using your product can often be slow to obtain and not lend itself to large-scale deployments or fast release updates. Product analytics is an integrated set of data about your users’ behaviors that allows you to analyze these behaviors, both at the level of the individual user and in aggregate, to gain insights about larger patterns and trends in real time. The use of product analytics in MedTech is still nascent but holds tremendous promise to help turbocharge an evolution towards the frequent release of medical devices. In the context of Software as a Medical Device (SaMD), digital therapeutics (DTx), and other types of connected medical devices, product analytics adds value in three different areas: device design and development, device operations and end-user support, and helping users better use their device and improve their health outcomes.
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Maiti, Abhishek, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Vinita Popat, Gautam Borthakur, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Marina Y. Konopleva, Courtney D. DiNardo, et al. "Clinical value of event-free survival in acute myeloid leukemia." Blood Advances 4, no. 8 (April 24, 2020): 1690–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001150.
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Abstract The value of event-free survival (EFS) as an end point in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) trials has been questioned. We hypothesized that rather than a surrogate for overall survival (OS), improvement in EFS may decrease the use of health care. In this retrospective study, we identified 400 patients with AML who were treated on first-line therapy trials and had OS between 2 and 36 months. We captured health care use from diagnosis until death or until the patient was censored at stem cell transplantation (SCT). We used correlation and regression analysis to determine the relation between health care use and EFS. Among patients with newly diagnosed AML, 35% had adverse-risk AML, 48% received intensive chemotherapy, and 28% received hypomethylating agents. The median EFS censored at SCT was 9.7 months. Longer EFS led to a significant decline in health care use regardless of OS. This held true for all observations, including overall health care use (r = −0.45), sum of clinic visits, emergency room visits, hospitalizations, consultations (r = −0.44), sum of invasive procedures, laboratory and imaging studies (r = −0.51), and blood product transfusions (r = −0.19). These correlations were stronger for patients who achieved a complete remission and held true across age, treatment, and disease risk subgroups. In patients with newly diagnosed AML, improvement in EFS correlates with a decrease in all health care use irrespective of OS duration.
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Ribul, Miriam. "Regenerative Textiles: A Framework for Future Materials Circularity in the Textile Value Chain." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (December 16, 2021): 13910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413910.
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Materials science breakthroughs have regenerated high value fibres from end-of-life cellulose-based textiles that can be introduced into existing textile fabrication processes from raw material to textile product in established textile value chains. Scientific developments with regenerated cellulose fibres obtained from waste textiles suggest their potential to replace virgin resources. The current scale-up of regeneration technologies for end-of-life cellulose-based textiles towards pilot and commercial scales can potentially achieve a future materials circularity, but there is a lack of a long-term view of the properties of materials after consecutive recycling stages take place. Cellulose-based materials cannot be infinitely recycled and maintain the same quality, a factor which may provide new challenges for future textile processes in the context of the circular bioeconomy. This paper maps collaborative design and materials science projects that use regenerated cellulose obtained from waste feedstock according to materials in the value chain they seek to substitute. It also presents four new processes that use regenerated cellulose materials in relation to their intervention in the value chain (as determined in a PhD investigation). A framework is presented to demonstrate how these circular material design processes take place at earlier stages of the textile value chain after subsequent regeneration stages.
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Chanchaichujit, Janya, Jose Saavedra-Rosas, Mohammed Quaddus, and Martin West. "The use of an optimisation model to design a green supply chain." International Journal of Logistics Management 27, no. 2 (August 8, 2016): 595–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-10-2013-0121.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to take the first step in solving environmental supply chain management issues. It proposes a green supply chain management (GSCM) model which would provide environmental benefits to the Thai rubber industry. To this end, a GSCM optimisation model was formulated, whereby the manufacturing processes of rubber products, along with their distribution and transportation, could be improved. The expected result is that total greenhouse gas emissions would be minimised and environmental performance maximised. Design/methodology/approach – Linear programming was chosen as the mathematical programming for investigation into the problem of finding the association of quantity of rubber product flow between the supply chain entities (farmer, trader group, and factory) and the transportation mode and route, with a view to minimise total greenhouse gas emissions. Findings – The results indicate that by using the proposed model, GHG emissions could be minimised to 1.08 tons of GHGs per ton of product. Practical implications – A GSCM model developed in this research can be used as a decision support tool for Thai rubber policy makers. This would allow them to better manage the Thai rubber industry to achieve environmental benefit. Originality/value – This research is among the first attempts to develop a GSCM model for the Thai rubber industry. It can contribute to providing a basis for a GSCM modelling framework, along with a formulation for research development in this area.
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Malik, Javaid, Nasir Mirza, and Sikander Mirza. "Study of corrosion product activity due to non-linearly rising corrosion rates coupled with pH effects for long-term operating cycles in pressurized water reactors." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 27, no. 2 (2012): 178–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1202178m.
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This work is a study of changes in coolant activity due to corrosion products of extended burn-up cycles of 18-24 months duration, in a typical pressurized water reactor, under pH and boric acid variations. It deals with non-linearly changing corrosion rates coupled with pH effects. The CPAIR-P computer program was modified to accommodate for time-dependent rising corrosion and effects of coolant chemistry. These simulations suggest that the effect of an increase in pH value for an extended 24-month cycle on a specific activity, in the form of a decrease in the said activity, is smeared by the rising corrosion. The new saturation values for activity at the end-of-cycle are lower than with a reactor operated at constant low pH/natural boric acid in the coolant. For a non-linear rise in the corrosion rate coupled with a pH rise from 6.9 to 7.4 and the use of enriched boric acid (30%-40%), coolant activity first rises to a peak value during the cycle and then approaches a much smaller saturation value at the end of the cycle, when compared with the activity for the system having a constant low pH value (6.9) in the coolant. In this work, we have shown that the use of enriched boric acid as a chemical shim actually lowers primary coolant activity when higher pH values, rather than natural boric acid, are employed in the coolant. For multiple long-term operating cycles, the saturation value of corrosion product activity increases in the first two cycles and becomes constant in subsequent ones, due to the high operational pH value for enriched boric acid (40%) as a chemical shim.
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Lindner, Jan, Horst Fehrenbach, Lisa Winter, Judith Bloemer, and Eva Knuepffer. "Valuing Biodiversity in Life Cycle Impact Assessment." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 12, 2019): 5628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205628.
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In this article, the authors propose an impact assessment method for life cycle assessment (LCA) that adheres to established LCA principles for land use-related impact assessment, bridges current research gaps and addresses the requirements of different stakeholders for a methodological framework. The conservation of biodiversity is a priority for humanity, as expressed in the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Addressing biodiversity across value chains is a key challenge for enabling sustainable production pathways. Life cycle assessment is a standardised approach to assess and compare environmental impacts of products along their value chains. The impact assessment method presented in this article allows the quantification of the impact of land-using production processes on biodiversity for several broad land use classes. It provides a calculation framework with degrees of customisation (e.g., to take into account regional conservation priorities), but also offers a default valuation of biodiversity based on naturalness. The applicability of the method is demonstrated through an example of a consumer product. The main strength of the approach is that it yields highly aggregated information on the biodiversity impacts of products, enabling biodiversity-conscious decisions about raw materials, production routes and end user products.
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Tyapukhin, A. P. "Theoretical Aspects of the Concept of Value Chain Management." Administrative Consulting, no. 5 (July 23, 2021): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2021-5-63-77.
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The purpose of the study is to clarify and complement the theoretical aspects of the formation of the concept of value chain management, which provides, along with the concepts of demand chain management and supply chain management, the creation of an integral concept of chain management.Methods of research are methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, as well as classification, and tools are binary matrices providing for the joint use of two classification features.As a result of the study, flow management sequences were developed in creating the value of the end user of products and/or services and the stages of transformation of flows of various types; proposed a classification of management situations related to the creation of value; identified the main options for obtaining and assessing the value of the end user of products and/or services; disclosed are processes for optimizing the value of the end user; harmonizing the parameters of value and flows of products and/or services; disseminating and transforming the values of end-users of products and/or services.These results, when further refined, will reveal the areas of interaction between suppliers and consumers in the framework of joint management of values, requirements and supplies; Create prerequisites for improving supply chain management and logistics terminology; Organize better flow management within different chain management concepts, eliminating or reducing cross-functional and other barriers to the creation and delivery of value to end-users of products and/or services.Further areas of improvement include the establishment of harmonized definitions of value chain management, value chain management and supply chain management to provide a basic definition of chain management; clarification of essence, content, causes of occurrence and methods of reduction of barriers on trajectory of movement of flows of control objects and reduction of time for their processing, movement and transformation.
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Nicosia, Carola, Patrizia Fava, Andrea Pulvirenti, Andrea Antonelli, and Fabio Licciardello. "Domestic Use Simulation and Secondary Shelf Life Assessment of Industrial Pesto alla genovese." Foods 10, no. 8 (August 21, 2021): 1948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10081948.
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The secondary shelf life (SSL) is defined as the time after package opening during which the food product retains a required level of quality. The SSL, indicated in labels as “best if used within x days after opening”, could lead to domestic food waste if not correctly evaluated. In this context, the SSL of two brands of industrial shelf-stable pesto products (with an indicated SSL of 5 days) was studied through a domestic use simulation performed in five households under two scenarios simulating real opening and storage conditions. The quality of pesto after opening was assessed through microbiological and sensory analyses, determination of instrumental colour parameters, pH and volatiles profiling. For both pesto sauces tested, a SSL ≥ 20 days was proven. Irrespective of the intensity of use (scenarios 1 and 2), the pesto was microbiologically stable: the maximum count for total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (TMB) observed during 20 days of storage was 9.64 ± 1.7 × 102 CFU/g, starting from a commercially stable product. Colour parameters L* and ΔE did not change significantly during storage (p > 0.05), while the a* and BI values significantly changed (p < 0.05) during the first 5 days, and then stabilized during the rest of the household storage. Nevertheless, the slight colour modifications were not perceived by the sensory panel. Moreover, sensory assessors were not able to discern pesto samples stored for up to 20 days after first opening, from a just-opened reference sample, proving that the sensory appreciation of pesto was not influenced by the time after opening. The results of this study suggest the possibility to significantly extend or even omit the SSL indications for industrial pesto sauces. The objective assessment of SSL could have impressive practical outcomes both for the industry and the end user. The elongation of the SSL on the food label might increase food sustainability, thanks to the potential reduction of food wastes, thus giving added value to the commercial products. In addition, the end user could benefit the increase of the useful period for the food consumption after first opening, with significant domestic food waste reduction, reduced household stock turnover and consequent cost savings.
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Carvalho, Adrieli Cristina Vieira de, Ariovaldo Denis Granja, and Vanessa Gomes da Silva. "Use of a card game tool to capture end users' preferences and add sustainability value to social housing projects." Ambiente Construído 20, no. 1 (March 2020): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-86212020000100360.
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Abstract The construction industry is increasingly adopting sustainable strategies to reduce environmental impacts. Despite this increase, some barriers are still perceived in the real estate market for sustainable buildings. One of them is the delivery of products that are not aligned with the needs and values of end users. This paper investigates the aspired sustainability values in housing projects based on the concept of stated preferences. A card game tool was developed based on the AQUA - HQE(tm) rating system and applied to ask a 164-respondent sample, assembled from four social housing projects to identify their preferences regarding sustainable construction. Responses were statistically analyzed based on bootstrap confidence values and on the index of general significance (IGS) of each sustainable value attribute. Results show a sustainable value hierarchy, in which the health and safety parameters were the most valued. This study confirms the validity of using a set of illustrated cards as a potential tool for identifying sustainability values end users bear and consequently improving decision-making process within sustainable products development.
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Koldyshev, Maxim. "INDUSTRIAL (B2B) MARKETING OF GLASS COMPANIES: MOBILE APPLICATIONS AS A SALES PROMOTION TOOL." Three Seas Economic Journal 1, no. 3 (December 18, 2020): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2661-5150/2020-3-8.
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The purpose of the paper is a qualitative analysis of mobile applications as a sales promotion tool in industrial (B2B) marketing of glass companies. Industrial marketing of the glass industry is poorly studied in terms of digital technology development and integration as well as mobile applications as tools for digital marketing communications. B2B companies’ digitalization is at the initial stage. Methodology. This research builds on the concepts of digital B2B marketing, the digitization capability of B2B companies, customer relationship building, and customer focus. The research methodology is based on the case study of ABC company and the content analysis of information available on the ABC’s website in the public domain. A content analysis was conducted of the patent for a method for determining the coated glass coating type using an application and a light source. Results demonstrate problems related to digital marketing concepts integration, customer focus, and customer relations formation. The results show an active digital strategy use for the company’s business growth through software development and integration of end product interactive visualization tools. As a result, additional business value is formed: 1) end customer company focus; 2) product knowledge development and B2B services personalization; 3) manufacturers transfer some sales and communication functions to their customers, which solves the problem of staff rotation in the sales subsystem; 4) the application becomes a tool for customer behaviour analysis. Mobile applications complement any traditional product promotion channels. The main domestic industrial market challenge is the poor rate of readiness for digital changes: applications become an effective marketing communication tool only when customers use them. Practical implications. Companies in different industries can use the results to understand real issues of applications integration in marketing strategy and communication. These problems include the digital unpreparedness of the Russian domestic market to accept new technological solutions. Value/originality. This research proves that mobile applications increase sales and is effective if company personnel, end users and B2B customers actively use them. Applications complement traditional B2B marketing channels.
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Pierron, Xavier, Ian D. Williams, and Peter J. Shaw. "Unlocking the Value of Stockpiled Mobile Handsets: a Delphi Evaluation of Factors Influencing End of Use." Volume 18 - March 2022, no. 18 (March 16, 2022): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2022.15159.
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Meeting consumers’ demands for electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) products in the face of diminishing natural resources necessitate a shift from take-make-dispose to circular economy approaches. Mobile handsets are ubiquitous but only a fraction are returned into the economy at the end; many are locked in consumers' households. These small EEE hold residual value as well as critical resources, such as Rare Earth Elements. Incentives for destockpiling exist but are insufficient to alter long-term end-of-use behaviour. Household recycling behaviour tends to be used as a template for EEE end-of-use. But established explanatory factors for household recycling might not be fully relevant for small electronic devices: their size permits stockpiling, whilst their continued utility can encourage retention as back-up or “safety” devices. This study aimed to elucidate the relevance of factors specific to the nature of small EEE, notably their physical characteristics and working order. A panel of academics and professionals from the global waste and resource management sector was consulted using Delphi methods. The results show that factors commonly applied to foster recycling, such as altruism or pro-environmental behaviour, do not necessarily apply to small EEE. On the other hand, the device’s features and working order are critical factors in the end-of-use decision-making process. This study concludes that practical and situational factors should be used to favourably alter decisions for small EEE, including devices’ characteristics. In effect, updated situational factors could unlock a global “destockpile lifestyle” to realise full value from the reuse and recycling of small EEE.
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Hurmekoski, Elias, Carolyn E. Smyth, Tobias Stern, Pieter Johannes Verkerk, and Raphael Asada. "Substitution impacts of wood use at the market level: a systematic review." Environmental Research Letters 16, no. 12 (November 29, 2021): 123004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac386f.
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Abstract There is strong evidence that wood-based products are typically associated with lower fossil-based emissions over their lifecycle than functionally equivalent products made from other materials. However, the potential impact of large-scale material substitution at the market level remains challenging to quantify and is subject to assumptions and system boundary considerations. This paper presents a systematic review covering 44 peer-reviewed studies that quantify the substitution impacts of wood use at the level of a region or sector, to assess the commonalities and differences in scopes, system boundaries and key assumptions. We estimated the average and range of market-level substitution impacts and identify the caveats and knowledge gaps for such assessments. The results indicate an average substitution factor of 0.55 tonnes of fossil C avoided per tonne of C contained in wood harvested, with a range of 0.27–1.16 tC/tC for baseline scenarios covering all wood flows. This value depicts the average efficiency of avoided fossil emissions per unit of wood used for a certain wood use structure based on published studies but is of limited practical use as it is strictly context specific. A direct comparison between studies is complicated because a notable proportion of the studies provided insufficient information to estimate substitution factors or were not transparent in their assumptions, such as specifying which wood product is assumed to substitute for which non-wood product. A growing number of studies focus on policy-relevant analyses of the climate change mitigation potential associated with marginal changes in wood use, but market dynamics are generally considered to a limited extent. To further support decision-making, future studies could focus on changes in those end uses where increased substitution impacts could realistically be expected, while considering the various market dynamics and uncertainties.
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Al Khawli, Fadila, Mirian Pateiro, Rubén Domínguez, José M. Lorenzo, Patricia Gullón, Katerina Kousoulaki, Emilia Ferrer, Houda Berrada, and Francisco J. Barba. "Innovative Green Technologies of Intensification for Valorization of Seafood and Their By-Products." Marine Drugs 17, no. 12 (December 6, 2019): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17120689.
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The activities linked to the fishing sector generate substantial quantities of by-products, which are often discarded or used as low-value ingredients in animal feed. However, these marine by-products are a prominent potential good source of bioactive compounds, with important functional properties that can be isolated or up-concentrated, giving them an added value in higher end markets, as for instance nutraceuticals and cosmetics. This valorization of fish by-products has been boosted by the increasing awareness of consumers regarding the relationship between diet and health, demanding new fish products with enhanced nutritional and functional properties. To obtain fish by-product-derived biocompounds with good, functional and acceptable organoleptic properties, the selection of appropriate extraction methods for each bioactive ingredient is of the outmost importance. In this regard, over the last years, innovative alternative technologies of intensification, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), have become an alternative to the conventional methods in the isolation of valuable compounds from fish and shellfish by-products. Innovative green technologies present great advantages to traditional methods, preserving and even enhancing the quality and the extraction efficiency, as well as minimizing functional properties’ losses of the bioactive compounds extracted from marine by-products. Besides their biological activities, bioactive compounds obtained by innovative alternative technologies can enhance several technological properties of food matrices, enabling their use as ingredients in novel foods. This review is focusing on analyzing the principles and the use of UAE and SFE as emerging technologies to valorize seafoods and their by-products.
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Budiharseno, Rianmahardhika Sahid. "Determining Factors on the Repurchase Decision on Low End Smartphones in Asia Pacific Regions: An Indonesian Case." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 4 (July 8, 2021): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0106.
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Nowadays, consumers are more aware regarding their decision to purchase a product, either for short-term or long-term use. There are several factors that lead the desire to repurchase in consumer perspective. This study tried to investigate the factors of price, experiential value, brand name, e-WOM, perceived value and perceived brand image as some variables deemed to have significant influences on the consumer repurchase behavior. This analysis uses quantitative analysis through AMOS analysis within 310 datasets to execute the hypothesis. The results of this research are defined that the price discount did not affect both on perceived brand image and value. The hypotheses testing showed that experiential value, brand name, e-WOM, perceived value and perceived brand image have significant effects on the consumer repurchase behavior. The practical implications posed that the growth of micro-financial companies which provided low down payment and long instalment without any discount offered are well accepted by consumer. The results of this study can be used as a direction for further study.
Received: 4 March 2021 / Accepted: 6 May 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021
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Tomov, Mite, and Cvetanka Velkoska. "Contribution of the quality costs to sustainable development." Production Engineering Archives 28, no. 2 (May 19, 2022): 164–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.30657/pea.2022.28.19.
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Abstract This paper presents a framework of contemporary quality costs concept contributing to a more sustainable society regarding an integrated view of quality costs in all phases of the product life cycle (engineering, production, use, and end-of-life) by all stakeholders in the supply chain. The development of this framework is viewed through the complementarity of the sustainability dimensions and the circular economy concept understood as a waste management concept, which represents a solid basis for the development of a novel approach to understanding quality costs which, in turn, reflects the sustainable quality concept. By providing sustainable criteria (economic, environmental, and social) as an integral part of the quality costs concept, this framework will improve the sustainability performance in the early phases of product design, increase the added value of the products and the duration of the added value, and strengthen the responsibility of all stakeholders beyond the limits of their organizational processes. This will inevitably lead to changes to the quality cost structure, dominated by new quality costs elements which reflect sustainability. This research demonstrates the findings that should support the setting the theoretic assumptions for the development of a sustainable quality cost generic model.
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Zubac, Angelina, Graham Hubbard, and Lester W. Johnson. "The RBV and value creation: a managerial perspective." European Business Review 22, no. 5 (August 31, 2010): 515–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09555341011068921.
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PurposeThe paper aims to explain why the customer value construct is important to resource‐based view (RBV) scholars and how one might define it to study it.Design/methodology/approachBy a summary of the ideas behind the RBV and previously applied definitions of customer value, the paper explains why Woodruff's multidimensional definition of customer value is suited to studying customer value from a managerial perspective. To this end, it develops a framework and derives three research questions for studying how managers use the firm's resources to create customer value.FindingsIt was found that to understand how managers invest in dynamic capabilities to create customer value one must identify how a firm's managers develop a shared understanding of their customers' values and the firm's capacity to deliver on them. This shared understanding will need to reflect customers' multidimensional values and what is most important to the firm.Practical implicationsThese phenomena are best studied qualitatively because the focus is on understanding how managers work together and use the resources at their disposal to create customer value. The performance effects of different resource investment decisions can be examined by including high and low performing firms in the study dataset.Originality/valueThe paper describes a framework that can explain how managers map customer value and its different dimensions against the resources at the firm which they believe can deliver an optimal product and service mix to the firm's customers.