Journal articles on the topic 'End-of-waste policy'
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Yang, Eun Mo, and Ji Hye Jo. "The Current Status of Regulations and Policy Implications Regarding End-of-Waste." Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management 30, no. 8 (December 30, 2013): 773–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.9786/kswm.2013.30.8.773.
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Rose, Ian, and George Knighton. "Integrated Product Policy: The New Approach to Environmental Regulation." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 8, Issue 10 (October 1, 1999): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr1999042.
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The development of integrated product policy, environmental controls being complemented by environmental management and the encouragement of "best available techniques"; the first "producer responsibility" obligations; the expected Green Paper; IPP defined as producer responsibility for a product from extraction of raw materials to managing the waste at the end of the product's life; lessons learnt from the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive; other "producer responsibility" initiatives - the proposed directives on end-of-life vehicles and on waste electrical and electronic equipment; compliance and enforcement; competition issues; conclusions that the development of IPP is likely to accelerate, that those affected must monitor developments vigilantly, and that costs for businesses will increase.
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Ylä-Mella, Jenni, Riitta L. Keiski, and Eva Pongrácz. "End-of-Use vs. End-of-Life: When Do Consumer Electronics Become Waste?" Resources 11, no. 2 (February 8, 2022): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources11020018.
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This study focuses on the lifespan of consumer electronics. The article reviews end-of-life terminology in scientific literature and suggests distinguishing end-of-use and end-of-life stages. The question, when electronics become waste, is approached using the concept of a system called PSSP language, which classifies artefacts based on their attributes of purpose, structure, state and performance. It is highlighted that waste as a concept is dynamic; the same thing can be waste or non-waste at different times and places and for different people. Further, the article reviews the impact of storage behavior on the realization of the waste hierarchy, using mobile phones as a case study. Evidence suggests that over half of customers use their mobile phones for only two years, and there is little incentive to keep them in use longer. Surveys also indicate that over half of the customers do not return their phones for reuse or recycling but keep them at home. The article suggests that the three key factors, promoting the storing of an old phone, are the shortness of usage time, perceived residual value of replaced equipment and concerns of personal information security. It is also indicated that memories and the personal attachment to the device contribute to consumers’ storage decision. It is concluded that, to prolong the use of mobile phones, there is a demand for changing consumers attitudes towards the return of electronics for reuse and repair to be more positive.
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Lee, Maria. "New Generation Regulation? The Case of End-Of-Life Vehicles." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 11, Issue 4 (April 1, 2002): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/5088696.
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Finding alternatives to traditional forms of command and control regulation is a familiar theme in EC environmental policy. Whilst innovation has proved difficult in many areas, waste regulation in particular has started to move beyond simple end of pipe solutions. It is suggested that one reason waste attracts innovative solutions is that its very existence is an environmental problem, and addressing waste production requires the involvement of a wide range of actors. This paper will explore the observation that waste regulation makes use of an unusually wide range of regulatory instruments, from the perspective of the innovative mechanisms in the End-of-Life Vehicles Directive. As well as the evolution of regulatory techniques, however, the necessary reliance of these new instruments on more traditional legal approaches can also be noted in this area.
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Setiabudi, Andang Wirawan, Gunadi, and Haula Rosdiana. "A Comparison Study of Fiscal Policy in Different Countries Regarding Plastic Waste Management in Supporting the Achievement of Sustainable Plastic Production and Consumption Patterns in Indonesia." International Journal of Science and Society 4, no. 1 (January 10, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v4i1.410.
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Nowadays, plastic waste management has become an international issue. Plastic waste that is not managed will end up in the ocean and cause dangerous pollution. Environmental issues were agreed to be one of the SDGs goals proclaimed in 2015 by all countries members of the United Nations. All countries, including Indonesia, have implemented various pro-environment policies. One of them is through fiscal policy. How to determine the right fiscal policy so that the management of plastic waste to realize a sustainable pattern of plastic production and consumption to be optimal is important. One of them is by conducting comparative studies on the fiscal policy of plastic waste management in various countries as a policy benchmark. It is what the author did. This research uses a qualitative approach with a comparative study method regarding the form of fiscal policy in various countries used to manage plastic waste. This research data was obtained through literature studies from various journals, articles, and reports on fiscal policy of plastic waste management in various countries and then concluded various similarities and differences. It is hoped that studying various forms of fiscal policy in various countries can provide input to the Indonesian government on the right form of fiscal policy to create a sustainable pattern of plastic production and consumption in accordance with the SDGs goals to be achieved by the Indonesian government.
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Amechi, Emeka P., and Babatunde A. Oni. "Import of Electronic Waste into Nigeria: the Imperative of a Regulatory Policy Shift." Chinese Journal of Environmental Law 3, no. 2 (December 3, 2019): 141–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24686042-12340040.
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Abstract This article explores the regulation of transboundary movement of e-waste into Nigeria. The country has had an unsavoury history with the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes, and this has likely influenced its strict legislative response to such imports, including the decision to ban the transboundary movement of e-waste. However, the effectiveness of the ban is doubtful, as the importation of non-functional electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) or near-end-of-life EEE (which is classified as e-waste in Nigeria), is still thriving. The failure of the ban in curbing the transboundary movement of e-waste into Nigeria obliges policy makers to come up with new and innovative means to address this issue. It posits that the ban does not show an appreciation of the socio-economic realities and the generally weak regulatory climate in the country. The article thus argues for a shift in policy from outright ban of e-waste imports into Nigeria to more effective regulation and sustainable management.
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Backes, Chris, and Matija Kajić. "cjeu (Case C-629/19: Sappi Austria Produktions-GmbH & Co. kg, Wasserverband ‘Region Gratkorn-Gratwein’ v Landeshauptmann von Steiermark: Suitable Recovery and Recycling Operations Surrounding Sludge in the EU)." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 19, no. 3 (August 26, 2022): 248–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18760104-19030006.
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Abstract Even with extensive case law before the cjeu on the notion of ‘waste’, questions remain around classification of substances as waste and end-of-waste status of certain waste streams. This uncertainty hampers the transition to a circular economy. In the case at hand, a mixture of sludge from paper production and sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant was used as fuel for the paper plant. Although the majority (97%) of the mixture came from the paper production process and therefore would be a by-product (and hence not waste), and only 3% of the mixture stemming from the municipal waste water facility qualify waste, the mixture as a whole is assumed to be waste. Whether the ‘end of waste-criteria’ of Article 6(1) Waste Framework Directive can successfully be applied to the case, is up to the national court to decide. In addition, the case is interesting as an affirmation of the ‘Rheinmühlen/Elchinov-doctrine’.
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Raza, Ali, Syed Asif Ali Naqvi, Muhammad Abuzar Mehdi, Muhammad Usman, Sadia Ali, Ashfaq Ahmad Shah, and Bilal Hussain. "An Analysis of the Circular Economy Practices of Pesticide Container Waste in Pakistan." Recycling 8, no. 1 (December 27, 2022): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling8010004.
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Empty pesticide container recycling helps control nonpoint source pollution and provides alternative sources for basic materials. This article investigates end users’ adoption of recycling their pesticide container waste and investigates the determinants influencing their adoption. The study uses an extensive farm survey of 210 farmers from the District Faisalabad of the Province of Punjab (Pakistan). It applies the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique to assess the impact of different elements, such as subjective norms, attitude, perceived behavioral control, intention, and environmental concerns, on end users’ adoption regarding recycling of pesticide empty container waste. The results explain that perceived behavioral control and intention to reuse pesticide container waste positively predict end users’ adoption. Furthermore, adoption is positively impacted by attitude, subjective norms, and environmental concerns via the intention to recycle pesticide container waste. The study urges the need to encourage end users to share responsibility for pesticide container waste management for a sustainable society.
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Jain, Suresh, Tanya Sharma, and Anil Kumar Gupta. "End-of-life management of solar PV waste in India: Situation analysis and proposed policy framework." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 153 (January 2022): 111774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111774.
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Bonjardim, Estela Cristina, Raquel Da Silva Pereira, and Isabel Cristina Dos Santos. "GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS NO BRASIL PARADOXOS E SOLUÇÕES." Journal on Innovation and Sustainability RISUS 11, no. 4 (January 8, 2021): 36–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2020v11i4p36-52.
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In Brazil, the National Solid Waste Policy, implemented by the Law 12305/2010, determined the extinction of landfills up to 2014. Were analyzed the Municipal Plans of Integrated Management of Urban Solid Waste, of the seven municipalities from the Great ABC region and actions adopted by the Municipal to perform the Municipal Solid Waste Management. The research is descriptive, using the deductive method, was conducted by a documental analysis of such Plans, in the light of the legislation. The research field was based on interviews with managers responsible for the Urban Solid Waste Management in each studied municipal district. At the end, the following conclusions: selective collection has not yet been deployed as requires the National solid waste Policy and that public managers of the studied municipal districts are favorable to finding solutions Consortium.
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Setiadin and Imas Sumiati. "Environmental-Based Public Service Innovation, QRIS and VA in Bandung." Journal of Management Studies and Development 1, no. 01 (August 3, 2022): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.56741/jmsd.v1i01.28.
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In the midst of the current COVID-19 pandemic, it is uncertain when it will end. This certainly affects the realization of tax revenues in 2020. This unstable economic condition affects many aspects. The company's turnover has decreased, people's income has decreased, job opportunities have decreased, the education level of the community is difficult to reach due to the absence of education costs. This pandemic that has hit Indonesia has an impact on the policy ecosystem that has been running previously, one of which is the policy in paying taxes. This is related to the economic situation that is also affected by the pandemic. The Bandung City Regional Revenue Management Agency sees this phenomenon. BAPENDA Bandung City innovates how to make people pay taxes from waste. In the end, BAPENDA collaborated with Bank Waste, Bank Mandiri, and Bank BJB to initiate the innovation. Through this collaboration, Bank Mandiri will act as a waste manager, and Bank BJB will play a role in financial management.
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Alharbi, Nouf Sahal, Jawaher Haji Alhaji, and Malak Yahia Qattan. "Toward Sustainable Environmental Management of Healthcare Waste: A Holistic Perspective." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (May 9, 2021): 5280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095280.
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The management of healthcare waste requires a sustained and holistic approach involving a range of parties. This is challenging for governments, especially in developing countries, where waste management systems have limited capacities for addressing the issue. Using Saudi Arabia as a case study, this paper followed a multi-method approach, including policy analysis, observation, semi-structured interviews, and a focus group, to explore the country’s healthcare waste management system. The study estimated that Saudi government hospitals across the country, every year, throw away in landfills paper (27,000 tons), plastic (15,000 tons), food (10,000 tons), glass (8000 tons), and metal (7000 tons). Regrettably, all these tons of materials end up in landfills without any form of recycling. A number of challenges were identified, reflecting mainly the lack of a legal framework, waste training, coordination among stakeholders, and social responsibility. This study generated new knowledge about waste management systems by exploring how their performance is shaped by the processes occurring at the policy, organization, and individual levels.
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Ifrani, Ifrani, Muhammad Topan, Nurmaya Safitri, and Tiya Erniyati. "REGIONAL POLICY IN MANAGING OIL PALM WASTE AS RENEWABLE ENERGY IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN PROVINCE." International Journal of Law, Environment, and Natural Resources 1, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51749/injurlens.v1i1.6.
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Besides producing CPO and KPO, oil palm also produces a lot of waste. Oil palm waste can be managed and utilized. This study aims to determine how oil palm waste is managed, the authority of local governments to regulate oil palm waste management in South Kalimantan Province. Third, what is the concept of future local government policies in utilizing oil palm waste as a new and renewable energy development in South Kalimantan? The research method used is normative juridical research, the research that is focused on examining the application of the rules or norms in positive law, analyzing in-depth and holistically, from all aspects comprehensively, sourced from library research using legal materials, namely primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials, to answer regulatory issues in the legislation regarding the Policy on the Use of Oil palm Waste as New and Renewable Energy in South Kalimantan Province. The result shows that Indonesia has been able to create renewable energy from the oil palm industry. However, the government needs to regulate the use of oil palm shell waste through local regulations and policies. With the participation of policymakers, and focus for development. It can creates jobs, increase and develop disadvantaged areas and in the end will reduce the level of poverty.
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Czajkowski, Adrian, Agata Wajda, Nikolina Poranek, Shubhangi Bhadoria, and Leszek Remiorz. "Prediction of the Market of End-of-Life Photovoltaic Panels in the Context of Common EU Management System." Energies 16, no. 1 (December 27, 2022): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010284.
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A significant development of the photovoltaic market in the European Union has been observed recently. This is mainly due to the adopted climate policy and the development of photovoltaic technology, resulting in increased availability for consumers at lower prices. In the long run, increased installed PV capacity is associated with an increased amount of photovoltaic waste generated at the end of life. Since this waste belongs to the group of WEEE (waste electrical and electronic equipment) waste, it is subjected to high recovery levels. Existing installations for the highly efficient recycling of PV panels are just proofs of concept. However, the situation will change in the near future, and it will be necessary to implement a full-scale waste management system dedicated to PV waste. The paper estimates mass streams of photovoltaic waste generated by 2050 in individual EU countries. Consequently, the characteristics of the European market of waste PV panels are considered together with the demand of individual Member States for installations. The estimation enables the fulfillment of the Directive on WEEE recovery rates.
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Tetteh, Dinah, and Lara Lengel. "The urgent need for health impact assessment: proposing a transdisciplinary approach to the e-waste crisis in sub-Saharan Africa." Global Health Promotion 24, no. 2 (March 29, 2017): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757975916686926.
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Electronic waste (e-waste) is a growing health and environmental concern in developing countries. In the sub-Saharan African region e-waste is considered a crisis with no end in sight yet; there is lack of structures and regulations to manage the problem. In this article, we discuss the potential of Health Impact Assessment (HIA) in addressing the health, environmental, and social impacts of e-waste in sub-Saharan Africa. We draw from environmental policy, environmental communication, global health policy, and health communication to argue that managing e-waste could be framed as ongoing HIA where all the steps of HIA are performed on a rolling basis with input from local communities. Further, we suggest that HIA should be infused into recycling legislation to help streamline the practice in order to make it safe for health and the environment and to maximize the economic benefits.
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Kumar Singh, Shubham, Anand Chauhan, and Biswajit Sarkar. "Supply Chain Management of E-Waste for End-of-Life Electronic Products with Reverse Logistics." Mathematics 11, no. 1 (December 27, 2022): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11010124.
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Sustainable development and environmental pollution have become valuable stimulating factors for the resource recovery of end-of-life products through reverse logistics. E-waste is considered in reverse logistics. Electronic waste is solely responsible for environmental hazards and contains valuable raw materials that can be recycled/repaired, so reverse logistics is essential to minimizing their inappropriate disposal. This paper presents the mathematical model for multi-electronic products, considering multi-manufacturers and multi-retailers. After the end-of-life product, the reverse logistics network collects the e-waste in return processors where testing, sorting, and disassembling are carried out and then sent to the repair and recycling units. Components that are not repaired/recycled are shipped to the secondary manufacturer as raw materials. An electronic product’s reverse supply chain is employed to incorporate the idea of e-waste nullification. The fixed point iteration technique is used to solve the proposed model. A numerical example is analyzed to demonstrate the model’s efficacy where the total cost is minimized. The model’s validity and usefulness in reducing e-waste are validated through managerial insights into the model and sensitivity analysis of the key factors. The proposed policy suggests that the e-waste nullification strategy might be a useful apparatus for managers in ensuring long-term sustainability.
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Li, Ying, Shao Hua Xv, and Jing Zhou. "Precaution Policy and Investigation on Pollution Status of Rural Domestic Waste in Beijing." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 3854–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.3854.
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By investigating 18 villages of a town in Beijing, some pollution problems are shown as follows: collection and management system of waste is incomplete and the villagers know little about environment protection; garbage cans, many of which are damaged and lost, are far more to meet the disposal demand of increasing solid wastes; insufficient collecting vehicles run inefficiently, and simple landfill is the only disposal way. In the end, related countermeasures are put forward basing on analysis of region status.
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Liu, Hengyu, Hongyu Li, Hongyi Liang, Dairong Luo, and Tianxing Ma. "Recycling of solid waste resources helps rural revitalization: taking Huayuan County as an example." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 25 (December 13, 2022): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v25i.3487.
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Huayuan County is the first initiative of "targeted poverty alleviation", the county has vigorously developed the mining economy in the past to grow, but the ecological environment has also been seriously damaged, solid waste urgently needs to be treated. To this end, this paper proposes a treatment scheme for goaf, tailings pond and waste rock dump. It also provides guiding suggestions for waste-free mining in the future, effectively reducing the damage to the local environment, reducing the cost of solid waste treatment, and improving the economic benefits of the mine. Finally, the risks that the program may encounter are analyzed from the technical and policy aspects.
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Schroeder, Jon T., Ava L. Labuzetta, and Thomas A. Trabold. "Assessment of Dehydration as a Commercial-Scale Food Waste Valorization Strategy." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (July 24, 2020): 5959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12155959.
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Using a commercially available dehydration unit, this study aimed to valorize various food waste streams from different sources in the Rochester, New York area. Dehydration of the food waste collected for the study helped reduce the weight of the feedstock by 70–90%, as the incoming waste streams were relatively wet. The output was materially characterized against end uses such as cattle feed, fish feed, and compost. The results demonstrated that, other than fertilizer, the remaining five end uses (compost, fish feed, cattle feed, pyrolysis, and pelletized fuel) were potentially compatible with varying waste feedstocks based on the parameters analyzed. Fish feed in particular was found to be the most compatible end use, as a number of attributes, including protein, fell within the optimal range of values. Pelletized fuel was also determined to be a viable application, as six out of eight sources of dehydrated food waste had higher heating values above the minimum U.S. standard level of 18.61 MJ/kg. Ultimately, this analysis showed that the composition of the food waste needs to be matched to an end-use application and sale of the product for dehydration to be a worthwhile valorization strategy.
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Wahab, Siti Norida, and Fung You James Lim. "CHINA'S NATIONAL SWORD POLICY REACTION TO SOUTHEAST ASIA'S WASTE TRADE AND THE TRANSITION TO A CIRCULAR ECONOMY." Journal of Technology and Operations Management 17, No.1 (July 29, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/jtom2022.17.1.1.
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Waste trade, like those of other resources, has grown globally. The waste trade must be implemented in order to ensure environmental sustainability and the transition to a circular economy (CE). Waste trade, in the context of CE, serves as a basis for the development of circular business operations by facilitating end-of-life product management activities such as product return, reuse, recycling, and refurbishment. China is regarded as a global leader in recycling and solid waste disposal. Solid waste management is the process of reusing manufactured products to recover and reuse resources including plastics. However, the reassessment of the quality of traded recyclable materials has sparked a global waste governance dilemma. The goal of this study is to bring attention to the environmental consequences of plastic waste in a transition to a CE and the overview of China's national sword policy prohibition law. Using a qualitative approach, this study will analyse, assess, and formulate the practices of the waste trade that is now practised in the business. Various types of waste and how they cause emissions, waste trade and CE, China’s national sword policy and the consequences of worldwide plastic trade on businesses and the environment will be discussed. Additionally, a few steps that should be addressed including appropriate waste management and public awareness are also discussed. China's national sword policy is widely acknowledged to have a substantial effect on its neighbourhood countries including Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand and Indonesia. This study concluded with a recommendation for how the developing countries could benefit from China's pathways.
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Costa, Railson Gomes da, Aldair Jône Almeida Soares, Marcus Vinicius Rivoiro, Delson Fernando Barcellos Xavier, Jéferson Araújo Sodré, and Jamylle Maria Araújo Silva. "The Legal Effectiveness of the National Solid Waste Policy in Brazil Regarding Recycling Activities of Civil Construction Waste." International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science 9, no. 7 (2022): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.97.13.
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This research aims to analyze the situation of the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) with the norms and guidelines for the recycling activities of civil construction waste, established in the country through Law 12.305/2010. The solid waste recycling policy, within only a decade, has been changing, modernizing and increasingly expanding its space in construction companies. Additionally, the increase in environmental pollution and its consequences has led society to reposition itself on the subject. The excessive generation of waste and its irregular disposal in most Brazilian cities raises the questions: Have environmental protection laws and the PNRS been effective in preventing, managing and controlling the environment? One of the great challenges in choosing this topic is that we live in a society that still does not properly value recycling in its various species. Whether for cultural reasons or for lack of proper waste valuation. In this perspective, we sought to present the legal tools that guarantee development with sustainability, thus guaranteeing environmental preservation for present and future generations in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Constitution of 1988. As for its nature, this is a qualitative research, as for its objectives it is classified as exploratory and was carried out through bibliographic research, with researches carried out on specialized sites that were duly referred to at the end of this study
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Varžinskas, Visvaldas, and Zita Markevičiūtė. "Sustainable Food Packaging: Materials and Waste Management Solutions." Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 76, no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 154–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.76.3.27511.
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The current food packaging model in most cases is a linear material flow model and is far from the sustainable alternative – circular economy – approach where materials are recycled and recovered at the end of each service life. High concern is rising on packaging waste and especially plastic packaging and negative environmental impact. A number of factors, including policy and legislative changes, rising concerns on food and packaging waste, environmental contamination, and world demand for food and energy resources, undoubtedly make an impact on development of biodegradable and compostable packaging made from renewable environment friendly resources and a sustainable waste management opportunity at the end of product life. Food packaging industry already has options of compostable packaging that meets biodegradation and composting standards and does not impact environmental contamination, but a variety of existing bio-labels such as biobased, biodegradable, and compostable appear misleading for consumers, and terms biodegradable and compostable are often used as synonyms, although they are not the same.
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Bukhari, Mohammad Abdullatif, Ruth Carrasco-Gallego, and Eva Ponce-Cueto. "Developing a national programme for textiles and clothing recovery." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 36, no. 4 (March 4, 2018): 321–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x18759190.
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Textiles waste is relatively small in terms of weight as compared to other waste streams, but it has a large impact on human health and environment, and its rate is increasing due to the ‘fast fashion’ model. In this paper, we examine the French national programme for managing post-consumer textiles and clothing through a case study research. To date, France is the only country in the world implementing an extended producer responsibility (EPR) policy for end-of-use clothing, linen and shoes. The case highlights the benefits of using an EPR policy and provides interesting insights about the challenges faced by the textiles waste sector. For instance, the EPR policy has contributed to a threefold increase in the collection and recycling rates of post-consumer textiles since 2006. In addition, the material recovery rate of the post-consumer textiles can reach 90%, 50% of which can be directly reused. However, the ‘reuse’ stream is facing some challenges because its main market is in Africa and many African countries are considering banning the import of used textiles to encourage a competitive textiles industry locally and internationally. The EPR policy shows a great potential to identify new markets for ‘reuse’ and to improve the textiles waste sector. Such an EPR policy also could drive societies to financially support innovation and research to provide feasible solutions for fashion producers to adopt eco-design and design for recycling practices. This paper provides guidance for policy makers, shareholders, researchers and practitioners interested in diverting post-consumer textiles and clothing waste from landfills and promoting circular textiles transition.
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Lee, Robert. "Waste Recovery: Salvaging some Meaning from Waste Definitions?" European Energy and Environmental Law Review 16, Issue 3 (March 1, 2007): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2007008.
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A highly significant case on the definition of waste in relation to recovered and recycled materials was heard at the end of 2006 in the UK Administrative Court, which considered two joined applications for judicial review in Solvent Resource Management Ltd v The Environment Agency & OSS Group Ltd v The Environment Agency [2006] EWHC 3023.
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Widyarsana, I. Made Wahyu, Enri Damanhuri, Nida Ulhusna, and Elprida Agustina. "A Preliminary Study: Identification of Stream Waste Quantity and Composition in Bali Province, Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 148 (2020): 05005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014805005.
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Bali Province is an island of high tourist activity surrounded by the sea. Without a proper mainland waste management, waste problem will impact the aquatic environment. River and beach are waterways that become an important role in the waste flow that will end to the sea. Identification of waste in rivers and beaches is needed to determine the stream waste management policy. Measurements were made by adopting the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) method on 4 rivers and 4 beaches. Measurement of waste generation and composition represents the watershed and population density classification groups. The peak hour for the waste streams at 11.00-14.00 WITA (GMT+8). The dominant waste is organic waste (59.10% WW) and hazardous waste (17.12%WW). From the waste measurement on the beach, the waste density is around 0.087 tonnes/m3 and the composition of waste is dominated by plastic waste, paper waste, and textile waste. The average waste density in beach is around 0.007 kg/m2 or 0.53 items/m2. Yeh Gangga Beach is the dirtiest with 0.64 items waste/m2 and Lepang Beach is the cleanest beach with 0.27 items/m2.
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Vázquez-López, Eduardo, Federico Garzia, Roberta Pernetti, Jaime Solís-Guzmán, and Madelyn Marrero. "Assessment Model of End-of-Life Costs and Waste Quantification in Selective Demolitions: Case Studies of Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (August 3, 2020): 6255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156255.
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Innovative designs, such as those taking place in nearly zero-energy buildings, need to tackle Life Cycle Cost, because reducing the impact of use can carry other collateral and unexpected costs. For example, it is interesting to include the evaluation of end-of-life costs by introducing future activities of selective dismantling and waste management, to also improve the environmental performance of the demotion project. For this purpose, it is necessary to develop methods that relate the process of selective demolition to the waste quantification and the costs derived from its management. In addition, a sensitivity analysis of end-of-life parameters allows different construction types, waste treatment options, and waste management costs to be compared. The assessment of end-of-life costs in the present work is developed by a case-based reasoning. Cost data are obtained from three actual studies which are part of the H2020 CRAVEzero project (Cost Reduction and Market Acceleration for Viable Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings). Results show that end-of-life costs are similar to traditional building typologies. The most influential materials are part of the substructure and structure of the building, such as concrete and steel products.
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Oviedo-Ocaña, Edgar Ricardo, Angélica María Hernández-Gómez, Marcos Ríos, Anauribeth Portela, Viviana Sánchez-Torres, Isabel Domínguez, and Dimitrios Komilis. "A Comparison of Two-Stage and Traditional Co-Composting of Green Waste and Food Waste Amended with Phosphate Rock and Sawdust." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 21, 2021): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031109.
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The composting of green waste (GW) proceeds slowly due to the presence of slowly degradable compounds in that substrate. The introduction of amendments and bulking materials can improve organic matter degradation and end-product quality. However, additional strategies such as two-stage composting, can deal with the slow degradation of green waste. This paper evaluates the effect of two-stage composting on the process and end-product quality of the co-composting of green waste and food waste amended with sawdust and phosphate rock. A pilot-scale study was developed using two treatments (in triplicate each), one being a two-stage composting and the other being a traditional composting. The two treatments used the same mixture (wet weight): 46% green waste, 19% unprocessed food waste, 18% processed food waste, 13% sawdust, and 4% phosphate rock. The traditional composting observed a higher degradation rate of organic matter during the mesophilic and thermophilic phases and observed thermophilic temperatures were maintained for longer periods during these two phases compared to two-stage composting (i.e., six days). Nonetheless, during the cooling and maturation phases, the two treatments had similar behaviors with regard to temperature, pH, and electrical conductivity, and the end-products resulting from both treatments did not statistically differ. Therefore, from this study, it is concluded that other additional complementary strategies must be evaluated to further improve GW composting.
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Vallauri, Ugo. "Beyond E-waste: Kenyan Creativity and Alternative Narratives in the Dialectic of End-of-Life." International Review of Information Ethics 11 (October 1, 2009): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/irie181.
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The main focus of green IT campaigns and policy interventions in developing regions has been on efforts to counter the flows of e-waste coming from the West. This paper argues that while such interventions are necessary, they often fail to acknowledge the complexity of information-technological developments across the global South. Complementary narratives can uncover a more nuanced perception of the role played by second hand ICT equipment in development. E-waste is at first contextualized within the wider debate on the contested role of technology in post-development. Examples of the multi-dimensional role of technolog in development initiatives in Kenya are used to provide evidence of existing cultures of reuse and of their potential to inform and influence a shift in Western ICT consumption patterns, in line with contemporary debates on de-growth. Examples of alternative approaches to development in the context of ICT abound, and it's key to focus on those that have roots in the creation of value right where others would see only waste – translating the ethos of the grey economy in projects that reclaim economical and educational spaces.
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Nguyen, Tam, and Tsunemi Watanabe. "Autonomous Motivation for the Successful Implementation of Waste Management Policy: An Examination Using an Adapted Institutional Analysis and Development Framework in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (March 30, 2020): 2724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072724.
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Increasing waste production is a serious problem for every country with substantial waste management initiatives. This challenge can be addressed by establishing waste reduction as a strategic policy. To this end, a project prioritizing community-based composting was implemented in Vietnam’s Thua Thien Hue province. The project mandated that the actors involved (i.e., local authorities, assistance groups, and residents) separate out organic waste for composting. To understand more fully how this policy could be implemented more successfully, first, the present study examined the links between local authorities’ support, groups providing assistance to residents during initiatives, and the project’s outcomes. Second, the research focused on the autonomous motivations influencing this project. These two points made our study novel. A case study design was applied based on self-determination theory and an adapted institutional analysis and development framework. Content analyses of qualitative and secondary data were conducted to examine the framework’s relevant components. Focusing on the psychological states approach, results showed that autonomous motivation was the main driver of waste separation and was activated by the local authorities’ autonomy support, deployed via an assistance group consisting of a waste collector and village leader, as well as other community attributes. These factors therefore affected the project’s outcomes. The research demonstrates the need to advocate local authorities’ autonomy support and residents’ autonomous motivation for waste separation.
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Zhang, Leibao, Qiuxian Hu, Shuai Zhang, and Wenyu Zhang. "Understanding Chinese Residents’ Waste Classification from a Perspective of Intention–Behavior Gap." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 19, 2020): 4135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104135.
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It remains uncertain as to whether people who support waste classification end up transforming such environmental initiation into reality. Thus, to investigate the intention and actual behavior of Chinese residents on waste classification and the influencing factors, this study integrated the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and norm activation model (NAM), and extended them by adding external information factors, namely information publicity type and information quality. A questionnaire survey was conducted in mainland China, and the primary data from 349 individuals were analyzed by partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to verify the model. The conclusions confirmed that personal norm was a major predictor of residents’ waste classification intention, and there exists a gap between Chinese residents’ waste classification intentions and actual behaviors. Furthermore, strategies such as moral education and information publicity are important in policy implementation. These findings are helpful for Chinese policymakers in promoting and planning waste classification, and also provide experiences to other countries for combating similar waste problems in their metropolises.
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Guzman, Gustavo, and Mariana Mayumi P. De Souza. "Shifting modes of governing municipal waste – A sociology of translation approach." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 50, no. 4 (March 16, 2018): 922–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x18763609.
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In this study, we investigate the shifting of modes of governing municipal waste, from disposal (waste-to-landfill) to waste as a resource (sustainable recycling). To this end, we frame this study combining the modes of governing approach developed by Bulkeley, Watson and Hudson with Bruno Latour’s sociology of translation approach (or Actor-Network Theory). Within this double framework, we investigate practices that emerge from the attempts made by multiple stakeholders to shift modes of governing waste. This study contributes to the modes of governing waste in particular and, to environmental policy implementation studies in general. We posit that shifting governing modes involves (i) the construction of human–non-human networks that support the stabilization of a particular governing mode; (ii) consideration of the role of non-humans, their agency and materiality and; (iii) the acknowledgement that counter-networks and unintended consequences are likely to emerge. When we add to this view the role of politics, a more complex, dynamic and rich picture of the phenomenon surfaces.
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Ryan, Joe, and Shaheen Rafi Khan. "The Impact of the GOP's Wheat Pricing Policy on Flour Prices." Pakistan Development Review 32, no. 4II (December 1, 1993): 823–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v32i4iipp.823-832.
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The GOP attempts to influence flour prices by fixing its own wholesale price for wheat-the "release price"-at below market levels. We will try to determine who benefits from this intervention. In other words is the open-ended subsidy passed on to consumers, does it end up as excess profits for flour millers or is it dissipated in the pure economic waste of excessive investment in mills .. The analysis has implications for alternative subsidy options which will be considered. The paper is divided into three sections. We will begin with a brief institutional description which will set the framework for the following economic and statistical analysis.
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Malaiškienė, Jurgita, Romualdas Mačiulaitis, and Raminta Mikalauskaitė. "POSSIBILITIES TO RECYCLE AUTO GLASS WASTE IN BUILDING CERAMICS." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 22, no. 1 (March 18, 2014): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2013.867863.
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Substantial amounts of glass waste end up in landfills because unlike ordinary glass, auto glass is unsuitable for recycling in the glass industry due to organic additives. However, it was determined that the additives make auto glass waste appropriate for the production of building ceramics, which results in improved physical-mechanical and structural properties. The optimum quantity of the additive contained in auto glass waste amounts to 15% of the formation mixture, and the most appropriate burning temperature is 1080 °C. The density of such ceramic chip is 2059 kg/m3 , the water absorption determined after 72 h is 1.2%, and the forecasted frost resistance at the beginning of decomposition is 1343 cycles, but amounts to 2188 cycles at the end of decomposition.
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Kojima, Michikazu. "The Impact of Recyclable Waste Trade Restrictions on Producer Recycling Activities." International Journal of Automation Technology 14, no. 6 (November 5, 2020): 873–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2020.p0873.
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From the mid-1990s to 2017, China was a major importer of recyclable waste, including plastic waste, e-waste, wastepaper, and copper scrap. However, after experiencing pollution from the recycling process and improper disposal of imported waste, at the end of 2017, China prohibited the import of certain types of waste, including household plastic waste and waste fiber. Consequently, some types of recyclable waste were rerouted to Southeast Asia. However, after receiving contaminated recyclable waste imports, Southeast Asian countries also tightened import restrictions on recyclable waste. These restrictions hindered the international recycling initiatives of certain manufacturers, which were model cases of the voluntary application of extended producer responsibility. When producers initiate recycling programs, they must compete with other recyclers to secure waste supplies and compete with other producers of the same kind. To compete in the waste and product markets, they must minimize recycling cost. To do so, some producers established international recycling systems; however, trade restrictions in some countries are forcing them to stop these programs. This paper reviews the impact of recyclable waste trade restrictions on recycling activities and producer-organized international recycling systems and argues that there is a need for an appropriate trade policy to facilitate environmentally sound recycling.
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Anderson, Stephanie, Kathy Hamilton, and Andrea Tonner. "“They Were Built to Last”: Anticonsumption and the Materiality of Waste in Obsolete Buildings." Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 37, no. 2 (November 2018): 195–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743915618810438.
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Previous consumer research on waste has prioritized disposable and low-involvement possessions. The authors extend scholarship into the context of obsolete buildings to better engage with the complex materiality of waste and to explore the role anticonsumption plays in consumers’ valuations of end-stage consumption. This study focuses on the phenomenon of urban exploration, a subculture that seeks to discover and explore derelict buildings. Drawing on an ethnographic study including in-depth interviews, the authors reveal how anticonsumption manifests in the urban environment in terms of alternative understandings of value. In contrast to the economic valuations that often dominate public policy decision making, this study highlights the need for policy makers to consider diverse, and perhaps conflicting, value regimes. The authors propose an Obsolescence Impact Evaluation that enables a systematic assessment of the stakeholders potentially affected by redevelopment and/or demolition, differing regimes of valuation relevant to these outcomes, and potential uses of the buildings. The authors suggest various ways that public policy makers can take advantage of this tool.
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Hamzah, Nurul Husna Che, Azira Sanusi, Nozieana Khairuddin, Nor Shafinaz Azman, and Azizul Hakim Lahuri. "Public Practice, Knowledge and Attitude on Managing Kitchen and Food Wastes in Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 13, no. 4 (2022): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2022.13.4.1381.
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Kitchen and food wastes discarded from the food related premises contributes to the high proportion of organic waste that end up in its landfill. The methane gas released during the dumping of food waste at the landfills is unsafe because the gas is flammable, and it is also a strong greenhouse gas. To tackle this problem, efforts are necessary to reduce the kitchen waste generated and to manage the disposal of waste sustainably. However, for this initiative to be successful, the owners and workers in food sector play an important role. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the practice, knowledge, and attitude of the food premises owners towards managing the kitchen and food waste in the district of Bintulu, Sarawak. Thus, a survey was conducted among 130 owners of randomly selected food premises. The collected data showed that food waste has the largest portion (46.7%) produced in Bintulu compared to other MSW such as plastic, paper, glass, metal, etc. Most respondents prefer to dump the food and kitchen wastes into garbage bins (79.2%) rather than composting (6.2%), donate, reuse, and recycle. This result proved the importance of building a biogas plant for kitchen and food waste since the respondents preferred to throw away the leftover food rather than composting the food. It will also help to propose appropriate treatment technologies to support the National Solid Waste Management (SWM) Policy and National Green Technology Policy for waste-to-wealth projects.
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Huo, Lulu, Jia Wang, Yonghe Huang, Yuke Li, Wei Pan, Zhenbiao Li, and Hong Shi. "Research on the tax support policy for implementing the Extended Producer Responsibility – Taking End-of-Life Vehicle Collecting and Dismantling Enterprises as an Example." E3S Web of Conferences 245 (2021): 02013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124502013.
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The Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is an important system for improving resource reuse rate and reducing waste pollution to the environment. Aiming at automobile products, this article takes end of-life vehicles collecting and dismantling enterprises as an example. By studying the support from tax support policy, tax incentives are provided to those enterprises that meet safety and environmental protection requirements. In this way, it can guide enterprises to improve safety and environmental protection and reduce corporate pressure from taxation. This article also predicts the effect of energy conservation and environmental protection after the implementation of tax support policy and demonstrates the importance of tax support policy of implementing the EPR.
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Fitriansyah, Hadi, and Maryono Maryono. "The Effect of Household Waste Reduction on the Lifespan of Parit Enam Landfill in Pangkalpinang City: Using Dynamic System Modeling." Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan 18, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v18i1.161-170.
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Currently, there are still problems occurring in waste management activities in Pangkalpinang City. Solid waste that is scattered in the City of Pangkalpinang is caused by waste that has not been transported and handled. TPA Parit Enam's capacity, which serves solid waste in Pangkalpinang City, will decrease every year due to an overload of incoming waste generation. Currently, the City of Pangkalpinang aggressively implements a waste management policy at the source or the 3R program, including waste bank activities and waste processing at reduce, reuse and recycle (3R) landfills. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of household waste reduction activities on the current use of the Parit Enam landfill in Pangkalpinang City in each of the scenarios that were compiled. The compilation model uses Powersim Studio 2005. The dynamic analysis shows that the activities that follow the waste at the source and respect what happens in TPS 3R Pangkalpinang City can affect TPA Parit Enam's useful life and produce a suitable scenario to be applied in the waste management activities of Pangkalpinang City. Scenario C (Optimistic), the valuable life of Parit Enam Landfillreaches 2023, and scenario C (Optimistic) can reduce the amount of waste transported by 29.65% compared to scenario A (Business as Usual). Besides, the proportion of household waste reduction reached 48% at the end of the simulation year.
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Hwang, Pauline, David Hwang, and Paul Hong. "Lean practices for quality results: a case illustration." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 27, no. 8 (October 7, 2014): 729–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-03-2014-0024.
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Purpose – Increasingly, healthcare providers are implementing lean practices to achieve quality results. Implementing lean healthcare practices is unique compared to manufacturing and other service industries. The purpose of this paper is to present a model that identifies and defines the lean implementation key success factors in healthcare organisations. Design/methodology/approach – The model is based on an extant literature review and a case illustration that explores actual lean implementation in a major USA hospital located in a Midwestern city (approximately 300,000 people). An exploratory/descriptive study using observation and follow-up interviews was conducted to identify lean practices in the hospital. Findings – Lean practice key drivers include growing elderly populations, rising medical expenses, decreasing insurance coverage and decreasing management support. Effectively implementing lean practices to increase bottom-line results and improve organisational integrity requires sharing goals and processes among healthcare managers and professionals. Practical implications – An illustration explains the model and the study provides a sound foundation for empirical work. Practical implications are included. Lean practices minimise waste and unnecessary hospital stays while simultaneously enhancing customer values and deploying resources in supply systems. Leadership requires clear project targets based on sound front-end planning because initial implementation steps involve uncertainty and ambiguity (i.e. fuzzy front-end planning). Since top management support is crucial for implementing lean practices successfully, a heavyweight manager, who communicates well both with top managers and project team members, is an important success factor when implementing lean practices. Social implications – Increasingly, green orientation and sustainability initiatives are phrases that replaced lean practices. Effective results; e.g. waste reduction, employee satisfaction and customer values are applicable to bigger competitive challenges arising both in specific organisations and inter-organisational networks. Originality/value – Healthcare managers are adopting business practices that improve efficiency and productivity while ensuring their healthcare mission and guaranteeing that customer values are achieved. Shared understanding about complex goals (e.g. reducing waste and enhancing customer value) at the front-end is crucial for implementing successful lean practices. In particular, this study shows that nursing practices, which are both labour intensive and technology enabled, are good candidates for lean practice.
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Buss, Andre Hekermann, João Luiz Kovaleski, Regina Negri Pagani, Vander Luiz da Silva, and Jaqueline de Matos Silva. "Proposal to Reuse Rubber Waste from End-Of-Life Tires Using Thermosetting Resin." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (December 7, 2019): 6997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11246997.
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Due to the increasing production of motor vehicles, a large amount of waste with different characteristics and compositions is generated, notably end-of-life tires, which are harmful to the environment when not properly disposed. Their composition contains contaminating chemical elements, resulting in negative impacts on the environment. This research aims to present a process that favors the recycling of rubber waste from end-of-life tires. For the construction of the state of the art and state of the technique, a review of the literature on end-of-life tire rubber, and a search on Google Patents and Espacenet was done using Methodi Ordinatio. For the experimental work, samples were made using concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 60% of end-of-life tire rubber particles, with the addition of thermoset polymeric matrix of isophthalic polyester resin, catalyst, and dyes. In order to evaluate the quality of the mixture, some tests with the material resulting from the mixture were performed: Izod impact strength, Shore D hardness, immersion density determination, flexural strength, and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The results from the tests indicate that the composition with 60% of rubber particles had better mechanical results than samples containing 20% and 40%. The tests also show that end-of-life tire particles promote chemical adsorption (interaction) with the thermoset polymer matrix, favoring the mechanical properties. The final results of this research are: the literature review and the search on granted patents showed that this study is original; the experimental work suggests that practical applications are possible, generating a new product, harder with a proportion of 60% of rubber particles, as indicated by the tests, with a smooth surface that does not require polishing. Thus, this research is characterized as innovative as well as having sustainable characteristics.
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Denčić-Mihajlov, Ksenija, Mladen Krstić, and Dejan Spasić. "Sensitivity Analysis as a Tool in Environmental Policy for Sustainability: The Case of Waste Recycling Projects in the Republic of Serbia." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (September 27, 2020): 7995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12197995.
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Modern consumer society uses an increasing number of products to meet its needs, which become waste after use, thus posing a serious problem that threatens sustainable development. Investment in waste recycling, due to a high level of non-financial benefits, is considered sustainable, especially in the End-of-life Vehicles (ELV) and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) recycling areas. The research objective of this paper is to test the sensitivity of the model for sustainable management of recycling projects by applying a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) to investment projects of car and refrigerator recycling in the Republic of Serbia. By testing the key risk factors of the above investment projects within the sensitivity analysis, the main aim is to determine the critical value of these variables in terms of the financial and social acceptability of these investment alternatives. The results obtained indicate that state subsidies have the greatest influence on defining the model of sustainable investment, especially in the field of e-waste recycling. The impact of other factors, the price of secondary raw materials and the social cost of CO2 emissions, is significantly smaller, but should certainly be taken into account when defining the optimal model of sustainable investment.
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Pereira, Alexandre Neves Marques, and Flavio de Miranda Ribeiro. "Stakeholders’ participation in environmental regulation: A case study of the sectoral agreement of packaging reverse logistics in Brazil." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 39, no. 10 (September 27, 2021): 1256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x211048128.
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This paper discusses the role of stakeholders’ participation in decision-making of waste policies, exploring the case of the sectoral agreement (SA) of packaging in Brazil. This case represents a robust step to introduce circular economy for packaging in Brazil and Latin America. Since the enactment of the Brazilian National Solid Waste Policy in 2010, a series of agreements were created to introduce an alternative model of extended producer responsibility in the country. This historical analysis evaluates the decision-making and the outcomes of its participatory process. Three qualitative research methods were applied: 76 interviews with stakeholders at the three levels of governance; observation of five events during the negotiation process and analysis of government documents. The results show that stakeholders’ participation was crucial throughout the policy design, contributing directly and indirectly to the outcomes of the SA, with knowledge exchange, creation of networks and by pressuring solid waste management issue onto the government’s agenda. However, the participatory process is not straightforward, and during the agreement process, some advancements seem to be jeopardised, with risk of participation being exploited to legitimise political interests. At the end, research points out that participation needs to be promoted and expanded throughout all the stages of the policy cycle, bringing together also other stakeholders such as local governments and civil society.
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Diaz-Maurin, François, and Rodney C. Ewing. "Integration of the Back-end of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle: An Overview." MRS Advances 5, no. 5-6 (2020): 253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2020.101.
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ABSTRACTRecent efforts have been made toward the integration of the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle in the United States. The back-end integration seeks to address several management challenges: 1) current storage practices are not optimized for transport and disposal; 2) the impact of interim storage on the disposal strategy needs to be evaluated; and 3) the back-end is affected by—and affects—nuclear fuel cycle and energy policy choices. The back-end integration accounts for the various processes of nuclear waste management—onsite storage, consolidated storage, transport and geological disposal. Ideally, these processes should be fully coupled so that benefits and impacts can be assessed at the level of the full fuel cycle. The paper summarizes the causes and consequences of the absence of integration at the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle in the U.S., critically reviews ongoing integration efforts, and suggests a framework that would support the back-end integration.
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Brito, Fernanda Marinetto e., and Aurélio Pessôa Picanço. "Diagnóstico do gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos da construção civil-RCC no município de Palmas-TO com foco nas ações públicas." DESAFIOS: Revista Interdisciplinar da Universidade Federal do Tocantins 2, no. 2 (May 31, 2016): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2359-3652.2016v2n2p221.
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Este artigo científico aborda o tema dos resíduos sólidos da construção Civil, com foco nas políticas públicas adotadas pelo município de Palmas – TO, para o atendimento da Lei nº 12.305 de 02 de Agosto de 2010, que institui a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos. A implantação do Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos Sólidos pode reduzir problemas desde a geração dos RCC – Resíduos Sólidos da Construção Civil, bem como o transporte, tratamentos e disposição final. Com a avaliação do andamento da implantação da política nacional no município de Palmas, percebeu-se que o Plano existe e esta sendo colocado em prática seguindo as recomendações do desenvolvimento sustentável e respeitando a política vigente. A metodologia utilizada é a exploratória descritiva, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.Palavras-Chave: Construção Civil, Gerenciamento de Resíduos, Entulho, RCC.ABSTRACTThis paper scientific discusses the theme solid waste of construction , with a focus at the public policies adopted by the municipality of Palmas-TO, for the attendance of law No. 12,305 of August 2, 2010, establishing the national solid waste policy. The deployment of the management solid waste plan can reduce problems since the generation of RCC – solid waste of construction civil, as well as carriage, treatments and end disposal.With the assessment of progress of the implementation of the national policy in the municipality of Palmas, it was noticed that the plan exists and is being placed into practice by following the recommendations of the sustainable development and respecting the existing policy. The methodology used is the exploratory descriptive, from bibliographical research and documentary.Keywords: construction, management waste, rubbish, RCC
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Yu, Zhang, and Syed Abdul Rehman Khan. "The Decision-Making Analysis on End-of-Life Vehicle Recycling Extending Producer Responsibility Policy in the Context of Remanufacturing." Romanian Journal of Transport Infrastructure 10, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjti-2021-0012.
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Abstract For ensuring an ideal recycling rate, the extending producer responsibility (Extending Producer Responsibility) has been recognized by more and more governments. And an increasing number of original vehicle manufacturers (Original Vehicle Manufacturers) participated in their End-of-Life vehicles (End-of-Life Vehicles) reusing to fulfil their social responsibility. The Original Vehicle Manufacturers can do well in auto parts remanufacturing due to their knowledge and skills of vehicle manufacturing, and the third-party vehicle recyclers are more capable of recycling the End-of-Life Vehicles due to their skills and facilities of waste recycling. To better improve the End-of-Life Vehicle reusing businesses and improve the efficiency and quality of End-of-Life Vehicle recycling and remanufacturing, this research built a remanufacturing system with dual-cycle End-of-Life Vehicle recycling. Moreover, for the well operation of this system, the researchers established the game model between Original Vehicle Manufacturers and third-party recyclers with the government involved and analyzed this model with evolutionary game theory. This research found that there are two evolutionary stable strategies (ESS) for the two groups. For well operation of remanufacturing system with dual-cycle End-of-Life Vehicle recycling, the government need to use the Extending Producer Responsibility policy to impose strict restrictions on Original Vehicle Manufacturers doing End-of-Life Vehicle recycling through promoting Original Vehicle Manufacturers’ recycling quantity standard and the penalty for insufficient End-of-Life Vehicle recycling. Further, this research also found that the licensing fee that the third-party recycler needs to pay the Original Vehicle Manufacturer for getting the recycling business plays a vital role in the ESS.
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Meijenfeldt, C. F. W. M. von. "The use of and alternatives for tropical hardwood in the Netherlands." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 33, no. 2 (May 1, 1985): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v33i2.16857.
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The imports and end-uses of tropical hardwoods are analysed. Since 1972 annual imports have been around 1 million msuperscript 3 EQ (roundwood equiv.) of which 75% were used in the building industry, mainly in windows and window frames. Another important use is for pile plankings on canal banks, for which ekki [Lophira alata] is preferred. Possible substitutes for some end-uses are discussed: softwood (especially if preserved) is the most likely; reprocessed waste materials may also be used. A policy is proposed for conservation of the tropical rain forests, partly through their sustained yield management. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)
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Farooq, Muhammad, Jie Cheng, Noor Ullah Khan, Roselina Ahmad Saufi, Nagina Kanwal, and Hanieh Alipour Bazkiaei. "Sustainable Waste Management Companies with Innovative Smart Solutions: A Systematic Review and Conceptual Model." Sustainability 14, no. 20 (October 13, 2022): 13146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013146.
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Overflowing garbage bins and unnecessary truck visits to collect waste have always been core issues of sustainability and maintaining a green environment. In the recent past, a transition has been observed in waste management towards a better environment and the achievement of sustainability goals. Companies are not only focused on producing less but also transforming waste into energy and reusable products. This transition process needs to evolve through sustainable solutions and innovative marketing initiatives that increase awareness and education among end users. This study used a systematic literature review protocol to identify and review the available research on sustainable waste-management solutions, innovative marketing initiatives, and a proposed conceptual model. It analyzed the latest literature from 1976 to 2022 to assess waste-management trends using the Web of Sciences and Scopus databases. To evaluate the practical perspective, this study analyzed ten waste-management companies offering services in the USA, the UK, Korea, Finland, Ireland, Turkey, Brazil, Slovakia, Portugal, Denmark, and Canada to assess their technological and marketing development for the creation of a better future. It was found that Ecube, Enevo, smart bins, Compology, Bigbelly, Sensoneo, Citibrain, ACO recycling, Evrek, Rico, and BrighterBins focus more on technology and less on user awareness and marketing. There is minimal focus on education and empowerment of end users. Our study’s findings guide academics, practitioners, and policymakers to apply ambidextrousness in energy innovation, particularly in the waste-management sector. By implementing sustainable and innovative solutions, companies can not only reduce waste products, but they can also recover, recycle, and better dispose of the waste. However, to do so, companies also need to educate end users.
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Fiorillo, Damiano, and Luigi Senatore. "Pro-social behaviours, waste concern and recycling behaviour in Italy at the end of the 1990s." Environmental Economics and Policy Studies 22, no. 2 (September 24, 2019): 127–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10018-019-00251-9.
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Wojnowska-Baryła, Irena, Dorota Kulikowska, and Katarzyna Bernat. "Effect of Bio-Based Products on Waste Management." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (March 9, 2020): 2088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12052088.
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This article focuses on the end-of-life management of bio-based products by recycling, which reduces landfilling. Bio-plastics are very important materials, due to their widespread use in various fields. The advantage of these products is that they primarily use renewable materials. At its end-of-life, a bio-based product is disposed of and becomes post-consumer waste. Correctly designing waste management systems for bio-based products is important for both the environment and utilization of these wastes as resources in a circular economy. Bioplastics are suitable for reuse, mechanical recycling, organic recycling, and energy recovery. The volume of bio-based waste produced today can be recycled alongside conventional wastes. Furthermore, using biodegradable and compostable bio-based products strengthens industrial composting (organic recycling) as a waste management option. If bio-based products can no longer be reused or recycled, it is possible to use them to produce bio-energy. For future effective management of bio-based waste, it should be determined how these products are currently being managed. Methods for valorizing bio-based products should be developed. Technologies could be introduced in conjunction with existing composting and anaerobic digestion infrastructure as parts of biorefineries. One option worth considering would be separating bio-based products from plastic waste, to maintain the effectiveness of chemical recycling of plastic waste. Composting bio-based products with biowaste is another option for organic recycling. For this option to be viable, the conditions which allow safe compost to be produced need to be determined and compost should lose its waste status in order to promote bio-based organic recycling.
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Aidonis, Dimitrios. "Multiobjective Mathematical Programming Model for the Optimization of End-of-Life Buildings’ Deconstruction and Demolition Processes." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (March 7, 2019): 1426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051426.
Full textAbstract:
Nowadays, construction and demolition waste management has become a critical process for the construction industry, as the specific waste stream poses important environmental issues and challenges. In the case of dismantling end-of-life buildings, the selection of the appropriate technique between deconstruction and conventional demolition is a critical decision affecting the total volume and type of produced waste. Toward this effect, in this paper, a novel decision-making model for the optimization of end-of-life buildings’ deconstruction and demolition processes is proposed. The objective of the proposed model is the simultaneous and weighted optimization of the total cost and time for the completion of the deconstruction and demolition processes, taking into consideration economic, legislative, and environmental criteria. Finally, a demonstration of the application of the proposed model is presented via two specific case studies and by discussing a few interesting managerial insights.