Academic literature on the topic 'EN ISO 52016-1'

To solve the series of heat balances that EN ISO 52016-1 uses to simulate the dynamic hourly energy requirements of a building, detailed climatic data are required as input. Differently from air temperatures, relative humidity and wind speed, which are easily measurable and available in databases, the direct and diffuse solar irradiances incident on the different inclined and oriented surfaces, which are fundamental for the evaluation of solar gains, must be estimated using one of the many regression models available in the literature. Therefore, in this work, the energy needs of buildings were evaluated with the simplified hourly dynamic method of EN ISO 52016-1 by varying the solar irradiance sets on inclined and oriented surfaces obtained from EN ISO 52010-1 and three other pairs of solar irradiance separation and transposition models. Five European locations and two different window solar transmission coefficients (ggl) were analysed. The results showed that on average, for the heating period and for both ggl, the use of the different methods causes an average error on the calculation of the annual demand of less or slightly more than 5%; while for the cooling period, the average error on the calculation of the annual demand is 16.4% for the case study with ggl = 0.28 and 25.1% for the case study with ggl = 0.63. On the other hand, analysing the root-mean-square-error of the hourly data, using the model contained in TRNSYS as a benchmark, for most of the cases, when varying window orientations, cities and ggl, the model that diverges furthest from the others is that contained in EN ISO 52010-1.

The recently issued EN ISO 52016-1 technical standard provides a new simplified dynamic method for the building energy performance assessment. Since an extensive validation of the EN ISO 52016-1 hourly method is still missing, the present work investigates the effect of the main modelling assumptions—related to the heat balance on the outdoor and the indoor envelope surfaces—on the building thermal behaviour. The model validation was carried out by assessing the accuracy variation consequent to the application of the EN ISO 52016-1 modelling assumptions to a detailed dynamic calculation tool (EnergyPlus). To guarantee a general validity of the outcomes, two buildings, two levels of thermal insulation, and two Italian climatic zones were considered, for a total of eight case studies. To explore different applications of the standard method, the analysis was performed both under a free-floating condition—to evaluate the accuracy of the model in predicting the indoor operative temperatures—and to assess the annual energy needs for space heating and cooling. Results show that the assumptions related to the definition of the external convective and the shortwave (solar) radiation heat transfer lead to non-negligible inaccuracies in the EN ISO 52016-1 hourly model.

The EN ISO 52016-1 standard presents a new simplified dynamic calculation procedure, whose aim is to provide an accurate energy performance assessment without excessively increasing the number of data required. The Italian National Annex to EN ISO 52016-1, currently under development, provides some improvements to the hourly calculation method; despite many works can be found in literature on the hourly model of EN ISO 52016-1, the National Annexes application has not been sufficiently analysed yet. The aim of the present work is to assess the main improvements introduced by the Italian National Annex and to compare the main results, in terms of energy need for space heating and cooling. To this purpose, an existing building representative of the Italian office building stock in Northern Italy was selected as a case study. The energy simulations were carried out considering both continuous and reduced operation of the HVAC systems. The options specified in the Italian National Annex were firstly applied one by one, and then all together. The variation of the energy need compared to the international base procedure is finally quantified. For the premises and the scope above discussed, the present work is intended to enhance the standardisation activity towards the adoption of more accurate and trustable calculation methods of the building energy performance.

Abstract The issue of improving the building energy efficiency led to the development of calculation methods for the building energy performance assessment. To overcome the low accessibility to detailed input data, the recently introduced EN ISO 52016-1 hourly method is based on assumptions and simplifications chosen to allow a sufficient accuracy in the outcomes with a low amount of input data. Among these assumptions, a simplified mass distribution in the envelope components is considered. In the present work, the hypothesis of the simplified heat conduction model introduced by the EN ISO 52016-1 technical standard and an improved solution provided by its Italian National Annex were evaluated. In particular, the accuracy in the prediction of the internal surface temperature was assessed in comparison with a detailed finite difference conduction algorithm. The validation was performed for 5 opaque component test cases, covering a wide range of areal heat capacity values, by considering both internal and external thermal constraints (e.g. variation of the air temperature). For the structures and boundary conditions considered, results reveal that the standard algorithm allows to predict the internal surface temperatures with a valuable level of accuracy compared to the finite difference algorithm.

The EN ISO 52016-1:2017 standard introduced a new methodology for the hourly calculation of energy needs that allows the study of the dynamic energy performance of buildings. In this study, a comparative analysis was carried out between two heat transfer models for opaque building elements: the one described in the new standard EN ISO 52016-1:2017 (Annex B) and that proposed by the Italian national annex (Annex A). The analysis, carried out on 1854 cases, showed better results for the heating period than for the cooling period, with a lower Root-Mean-Square Error and Coefficient of Variation of the Root-Mean-Square Error for the model proposed by the Italian National Annex. Increasing the performance of the building by decreasing the solar transmission coefficient of the glazed surfaces leads to a worse Root-Mean-Square Error of about 11%. In addition, a sensitivity analysis of the thermo-physical parameters of the opaque building components was carried out and an alternative method for the calculation of the solar transmission coefficient was evaluated. The latter was able to improve the Root-Mean-Square Error of summer solar gains by 46.7% compared to the method proposed by the standard.

In the following work, we have implemented a version of the hourly method in the ISO 52016-1:2017 standard, informed by the central input table in the SN/TS 3031:2021 specification, including a building energy supply system modelled according to the specification. A case study shows that the model compares well to measurements in unoccupied periods and that openly available gridded weather data can substitute data collected by the weather station on site. A more refined representation of boundary conditions and additional user inputs may be needed for other housing typologies than what can be recreated from the table, but we find that some of this information can be stipulated using open spatial datasets and tools. The results are presented in a web-service dashboard, maintaining continuity with operation phase data collection.

The research investigates the validity of the simple hourly method, as introduced by the EN ISO 52016-1 standard, for the assessment of the building energy demand for heating and cooling, by comparing it with a detailed dynamic model (EnergyPlus). A new methodology is provided to identify and quantify the causes of deviations between the models. It consists in the split of the contributions of the air heat balance (AHB) equation by dynamic driving force, and in the adoption of consistency options of the modeling parameters related to specific physical phenomena. A case study approach is adopted in the article to achieve the research objective. The results show that the deviations in the heating and cooling loads between the two calculation methods can be mainly ascribed to the use of different surface heat transfer coefficients, and to a different modeling of the extra thermal radiation to the sky. Providing a methodology to validate the calculation method, this work is intended to contribute to the enhancement of the use of simple dynamic models and to the improvement of the standardization activity.

Tese de mestrado integrado, Engenharia da Energia e do Ambiente, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2015
Os edifícios constituem um dos setores que mais contribui para o consumo de energia. Todavia, existe ainda um vasto potencial para a adoção de medidas e implementação de soluções energéticas mais eficientes, levando à diminuição de consumos por parte deste setor. Visando atingir estas poupanças, são necessárias ferramentas de previsão do comportamento térmico de edifícios para estudar as necessidades energéticas de um determinado edifício face a diferentes soluções construtivas e energéticas, conduzindo à opção que assume um menor dispêndio de energia. O objeto de estudo da presente dissertação consiste em dois métodos de cálculo das necessidades de energia para aquecimento e arrefecimento de base RC presentes nos documentos normativos EN ISO 13790 e na proposta normativa ISO 52016-1. Pretende-se estabelecer uma comparação entre os métodos, ambos aplicados numa base matricial, com as mesmas variáveis de entrada descritivas de uma habitação típica e do clima de Lisboa. Mais especificamente, esta dissertação visa a comparação das variáveis de saída em termos de temperaturas do ar interior e operativa em regime flutuante e necessidades de energia para aquecimento e arrefecimento em regime termostático, a análise de sensibilidade das variáveis de entrada e ainda a identificação e discussão das principais diferenças dos modelos. O desempenho energético é determinado com base nas necessidades anuais nominais de energia útil, nomeadamente para aquecimento e arrefecimento, a fim de manter as condições nominais de temperatura. Como tal, é necessário definir determinados parâmetros, nomeadamente a localização e clima, e ainda características térmicas das soluções construtivas. No que diz respeito aos perfis de temperatura, em regime flutuante, obteve-se uma diferença entre valores médios de 0,6ºC entre a proposta normativa ISO 52016-1 e a norma EN ISO 13790 no caso de estar a ser aplicado sombreamento e de 1,8ºC para o caso deste não estar ativo. De seguida, de modo a ter um termo de comparação já validado procedeu-se à aplicação de um caso de estudo em que foi utilizada a ferramenta Energy Plus. As necessidades de energia calculadas pelo modelo da proposta normativa ISO 52016-1, no caso de arrefecimento diferem 0,5 kWh/m2 e no caso de aquecimento diferem 4,3 kWh/m2 dos resultados obtidos pela ferramenta Energy Plus. A norma EN ISO 13790 e os resultados obtidos pelo Energy Plus diferem, em termos de valores médios, 2,9 kWh/m2 no caso do arrefecimento e 7,6 kWh/m2 no caso do aquecimento. Em suma, conclui-se que para tipologias de edifícios pouco complexas a nível construtivo e cujo objetivo seja prever as necessidades de energia para aquecimento e arrefecimento os modelos matriciais de base RC demonstraram ser ferramentas adequadas para prever o comportamento térmico de um edifício simplificado a uma zona térmica.
Buildings are presented as one of the sectors that most contributes to energy consumption. However, there is still a vast potential for the adoption of measures and implementation of more efficient energy solutions, leading to lower consumption by this sector. In order to achieve these savings, predictive studies of the thermal behaviour of buildings are performed. These studies analyse the energy needs of a particular building regarding different construction and energy solutions, leading to the option that takes a lower expenditure of energy. The comparison of two methods of calculating the energy needs for heating and cooling of RC base present in the normative documents EN ISO 13790 and the proposed rule ISO 52016-1 allows us to analyse the differences between them, both of which are applied on a matrix basis, with the same descriptive input variables of a typical housing and climate of Lisbon. More specifically, this dissertation aims at comparing the output variables in terms of the interior and operative air temperature floating regime and energy needs for heating and cooling thermostat regime, the sensitivity analysis of the input variables and also the identification and discussion of the main differences between the models. The energy performance is determined based on the useful energy nominal annual needs, namely for heating and cooling, in order to maintain the nominal temperature conditions. As such, certain parameters need to be set, namely the location and climate, as well as thermal characteristics of the constructive solutions. Then, in order to have an already validated basis of comparison, the application of a case study was undertaken, in which the Energy Plus tool was used. Regarding inside air temperature profiles, in a free-float mode, the difference between regulatory proposal ISO 52016-1 and EN ISO 13790, in case of shading being applied is about 0,6ºC and 1,8ºC when the shading is not applied. In the case of cooling energy needs check up errors were associated, on average, taking the values of 0,5 kWh / m2 between the results obtained by the regulatory proposal ISO 52016-1 and Energy Plus and 2,9 kWh/m2 between EN ISO 13790 and Energy Plus. In respect of heating and 4,3 kWh / m2 between ISO 52016-1 and Energy Plus and 7,6 kWh/m2 between EN ISO 13790 and Energy Plus. In short, it has been concluded that, for less complex buildings in what concerns construction, and which study goals are not extremely accurate, matrix models of RC base have demonstrated the ability to predict the thermal behaviour of a building or thermal zone.