Relevant bibliographies by topics / Employee ownership – United States

Academic literature on the topic 'Employee ownership – United States'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Employee ownership – United States"

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Mygind, Niels. "Drivers and barriers for employee ownership – why is the United States in a positive circle while Denmark is not?" Journal of Participation and Employee Ownership 4, no. 1 (June 7, 2021): 42–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpeo-06-2020-0015.

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PurposeDrivers and barriers for employee ownership vary between countries because of differences in Politics, Institutions and the Economy (PIE). By analyzing this variation, the purpose of this study is to answer why employee ownership has developed fast in the United States and not in Denmark.Design/methodology/approachThe drivers and barriers for employee ownership are identified from the scientific literature, and the main societal dynamics are identified through the PIE model covering the dynamics between politics, institutional change and the economy. Politics focuses on different social groups influencing the development of institutions driving or hindering employee ownership in the economy.FindingsUnited States has followed a self-enforcing circle with broad political support of “shared capitalism,” including the employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) type of employee ownership. In Denmark, the labor movement rejected worker cooperatives as a main strategy and focused on building up the welfare state. Center-right parties favored employee stocks, but the institutional framework never overcame the barriers for employee ownership.Originality/valueThis is the first study to perform an analysis of politics, institutional change and economic development to explain drivers and barriers for employee ownership and to make a comparison between the development of employee ownership in the United States and Denmark.
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Sari, Brimanti. "Employee Financial Participation Plan Implementation in the United States and the Netherlands: Lessons for Indonesia." Corporate and Trade Law Review 1, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21632/ctlr.1.1.1-22.

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Employees have a major role in the sustainability of an organization. Employee satisfaction and business accomplishment are equally significant for the company’s sustainability. One of the strategies companies undertake to create a harmonious workplace and stimulate productivity is by giving recognition, awards and/or compensation to their employees. In recent years, equity-based compensation through employee financial participation plans has been becoming more popular. There are several tailor-made participation schemes which may vary among jurisdictions. There include Stock Grants, Direct Employee Stock Purchase Plans, Phantom Stock, Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) and Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOP). Consequently, the employees could be the beneficiary owner of the shares or be actual shareholders in the company. When employees own shares, they will be treated as shareholders. Depending on the restrictions laid out in the employee financial participation plan. This means that employees could be involved in corporate governance in the company.
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Conte, Michael A. "Economic Research and Public Policy toward Employee Ownership in the United States." Journal of Economic Issues 28, no. 2 (June 1994): 427–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00213624.1994.11505557.

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Setzler, Bradley, and Felix Tintelnot. "The Effects of Foreign Multinationals on Workers and Firms in the United States." Quarterly Journal of Economics 136, no. 3 (May 3, 2021): 1943–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjab015.

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Abstract Governments go to great lengths to attract foreign multinationals because they are thought to raise the wages paid to their employees (direct effects) and to improve outcomes at local domestic firms (indirect effects). We construct the first U.S. employer-employee data set with foreign ownership information from tax records to measure these direct and indirect effects. We find the average direct effect of a foreign multinational firm on its U.S. workers is a 7% increase in wages. This premium is larger for higher-skilled workers and for the employees of firms from high GDP per capita countries. We find evidence that it is membership in a multinational production network—instead of foreignness—that generates the foreign-firm premium. We leverage the past spatial clustering of foreign-owned firms by country of ownership to identify the indirect effects. An expansion in the foreign-multinational share of commuting-zone employment substantially increases the employment, value added, and—for higher-earning workers—wages at local domestic-owned firms. Per job created by a foreign multinational, our estimates suggest annual gains of US$13,400 to the aggregate wages of local incumbents, two-thirds of which are from indirect effects. Our estimates suggest that—via mega-deals for subsidies from local governments—foreign multinationals are able to extract a sizable fraction of the local surplus they generate.
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Blasi, Joseph, Douglas Kruse, James Sesil, and Maya Kroumova. "An assessment of employee ownership in the United States with implications for the EU." International Journal of Human Resource Management 14, no. 6 (September 2003): 893–919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0958519032000106137.

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Nelson, David E., Jeffrey J. Sacks, and David G. Addiss. "Smoking Policies of Licensed Child Day-Care Centers in the United States." Pediatrics 91, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 460–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.91.2.460.

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The authors analyzed data from a national survey of 2003 directors of licensed child day-care centers to determine employee smoking policies, measure compliance with state and local employee smoking regulations for child day-care centers and state clean indoor air laws, and to estimate the extent of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in these settings. Forty states regulated employee smoking in child day-care centers, but only three states required day-care centers to be smoke-free indoors. More than 99% of licensed child day-care centers had employee smoking policies that complied with the appropriate state or local smoking regulations. Nearly 55% of centers were smoke-free indoors and outdoors, and 26% were smoke-free indoors only. The best predictors of more stringent employee smoking policies were location in the West or South, smaller size, independent ownership, or having written smoking policies. Despite the presence of strong smoking policies at the majority of licensed child day-care centers, more than 752000 children in the United States are at risk for environmental tobacco smoke exposure in these settings. Health care professionals and parents should insist that child day-care centers be smoke-free indoors and, preferably, smoke-free indoors and outdoors.
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Kim, Minseo, and Terry A. Beehr. "Self-Efficacy and Psychological Ownership Mediate the Effects of Empowering Leadership on Both Good and Bad Employee Behaviors." Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies 24, no. 4 (April 7, 2017): 466–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548051817702078.

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This study examined the potential effects of empowering leadership on followers’ in-role performance and deviant behaviors via self-efficacy and psychological ownership over a 3-week period in a sample of 299 full-time employees working in the United States. Results from structural equation modeling demonstrated that empowering leadership was positively related to both self-efficacy and psychological ownership, which in turn were both negatively related to deviant behaviors. Alternative model comparisons and bootstrapping both confirmed the mediation effects of self-efficacy and psychological ownership. However, only one of the two mediators, self-efficacy, was positively related to followers’ in-role performance. Together, these findings highlighted the important roles of self-efficacy and psychological ownership explaining why empowering leadership may result in followers’ behaviors.
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Blasi, Joseph R., and Douglas L. Kruse. "The Political Economy of Employee Ownership in the United States: From Economic Democracy to Industrial Democracy?" International Review of Sociology 16, no. 1 (March 2006): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03906700500485762.

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Kaya, Halil D., and Nancy L. Lumpkin-Sowers. "Composition of blockholders in publicly traded firms." Corporate Ownership and Control 14, no. 2 (2017): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv14i2art9.

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The outside blockholder has become an important agent in the corporate governance literature in the United States. Understanding how his monitoring role changes as economic circumstances deteriorate is rarely considered. In this study, we examine whether the number of certain types of blockholders, as well as their ownership concentrations, will increase during recessions. By categorizing blockholders by type: affiliated, outside, employee (through Employee Stock Ownership Plans), non-officer director, and officer director, we are able to track how blockholder composition changed within firms when the economy moved from expansion in 1999 to recession in 2001. Using nonparametric tests, we show that the number of outside blockholders and their ownership stake go up during the recessionary period examined. This suggests a more important monitoring role for the outside blockholder when the economy worsens. Though we do not find a statistically significant change overall in the average number of blockholders or the total percentage of shares held across the firms in our sample for the other blockholder types when the economy moves from expansion to recession, we do see noteworthy changes in the behavior of the affiliated and ESOP blockholder at specific ownership concentration levels when the economy shifts.
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Hogan, Karen M., and Gerard T. Olson. "Governance and corporate control in the United States." Corporate Law and Governance Review 3, no. 2 (2021): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/clgrv3i2p4.

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This paper provides an overview of business entities in the United States. We analyze current trends in the ownership structures of U.S. firms, diversity and inclusion, mergers and acquisitions, minority shareholder rights protections, and review the literature related to corporate ownership and financial performance. With the shift in the U.S. from defined benefit pension plans to defined contribution plans and a desire for increased corporate governance, we observe a significant increase in the financial assets under management by large institutional investors. It is believed these large institutional investors can have a significant impact on the governance, decision-making, and performance of the U.S. publicly traded firms. We observe an increasing trend in foreign indirect investment in the U.S. from countries in Europe, Asia and the Pacific Rim, North and South America, the Middle East, and Africa. Additionally, increased compensation of publicly traded firms’ top executives is shown, which has resulted in an increased disparity between the compensation of top management teams and the firms’ hourly employees. Lastly, we expect the suggested bias against women and other minorities, as evidenced here, will be lessened in the future and should result in improved financial performance for firms
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Employee ownership – United States"

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Kern, Alexander. "Perspectives on employee stock ownership in France, Germany, and The United States of America." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1105.

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Tout d'abord, cette recherche examine le capitalisme partagé, le développement théorique et historique de la participation des salariés, et les droits de propriété. Deuxièmement, la thèse analyse empirique sur les perspectives de l'actionnariat salarié. Premièrement, la période du 19ème siècle jusqu'au début du 21ème siècle en Allemagne est recherchée. Nous essayons de répondre à la question : "Est-ce que les décideurs politiques en Allemagne veulent créer une société de propriétaires ?" Au cours de la recherche, nous montrons l'hypothèse "L'actionnariat salarié est un critère des pères fondateurs de l'Allemagne afin de stabiliser Allemagne socio-économique après la Seconde guerre mondiale. Supporté bien évidemment par une étude qualitative de recherches d'archives historiques. En Allemagne, il est évident que les pères fondateurs ont poursuivis "Wohlstand für Alle" à travers les actions des citoyens. Deuxièmement, cette recherche examine la relation entre l'actionnariat salarié et le WACC. La thèse analyse le conflit entre les parties prenantes internes et externes, qui est représenté par le cours des actions d'une entreprise en supposant un marché efficace. Nous émettons l'hypothèse : «Un pourcentage plus élevé d'actions détenues par les salariés provoque un WACC inférieur" Ceci est confirmé par un modèle de régression quantitative fixe de panneau d'effet dans le cas de l'indice Société des Bourses Françaises 120 et l'indice 500 de Standard & Poor
Firstly, this research examines shared capitalism, the theoretical and historical development of employee participation, and ownership rights. Secondly, the thesis analyzes empirically perspectives on employee stock ownership. First, the period from the 19th century until the beginning of the 21st century in Germany is researched. We attempt to answer the question: "Did policy makers in Germany want to create a society of owners?" During the research we prove the hypothesis "Employee ownership was a criterion of Germany's founding fathers in order to stabilize Germany socio-economically after the Second World War." We confirm it through a qualitative study of historical archive researches. In Germany, there is clear evidence that founding fathers pursued "Wohlstand für Alle" through citizen's shares. Second, this research examines the relationship between employee stock ownership and the weighted average cost of capital. The thesis analyzes the conflict between internal and external stakeholders, which is represented through a company's stock price assuming an efficient market. We hypothesize: "A higher percentage of shares held by employees causes a lower WACC." This is confirmed through a quantitative fixed effect panel regression model in the case of the Société des Bourses Françaises 120 index and Standard & Poor's 500 index
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Feeley, T. Jens. "Policy ownership in the modern Congress, 1979-1998 /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10695.

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Ruckert, Jason Michael. "GUN OWNERSHIP TRENDS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1973-2000." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4431.

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In the last half century, gun ownership has been one of the most hotly debated topics in the United States. The right to bear arms was written into the U. S. Constitution and into the hearts and minds of its citizens. During the last half century, however, numerous gun control laws have been enacted at Federal, state and local levels, and it can be argued (plausibly or not) that part of the legislative intent has been to decrease the number of gun owning households in the United States. For many decades, this number hovered at one half of all households (Wright, 1995). The possible success of these gun control efforts is suggested by an apparent and rather sharp decline in the ownership percentage beginning in the 1990s. In 2000, the household gun ownership rate had decreased to 32.5% (according to the General Social Survey). The question raised in this thesis is how to account for declining gun ownership. More specifically, I ask if there has in fact been a decline in ownership, or whether the apparent decline is an illusion resulting from changing demographics. A third possibility, that social norms have changed such that admitting gun ownership in surveys is now more problematic for many people, is also considered and seems, indeed, to be the most telling line of explanation.
M.A.
Department of Sociology and Anthropology
Arts and Sciences
Sociology and Anthropology
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Demir, Huseyin. "The perfect performance of reduction of total ownership cost (R-TOC) pilot programs /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA411582.

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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2002.
"December 2002". Thesis advisor(s): Boudreau, Michael W. ; Gates, Bill. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-57). Also available online.
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Sweeney, Anthony P. "Job Satisfaction of Employee Assistance Professionals in the United States." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26671.

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This study was designed to examine and describe the levels of job satisfaction, the sources of job satisfaction and the relationship between the variables in a national sample of employee assistance program (EAP) professionals. The sample for this study consisted of EAP professionals who worked full-time, and who were members of the Employee Assistance Professionals Association.Data were collected through mailed surveys consisting of and an Individual Information Form and the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ). A total of 354 EAP professionals were mailed survey materials. This mailing resulted in 211 completed returns.Overall, EAP professionals indicated that they were moderately satisfied with their jobs. MSQ questionnaire results show that 9% of respondents scored in the very satisfied category, and 71% scored in the satisfied category. The average MSQ total score was within the satisfied range.Demographic variables had mixed results on job satisfaction. EAP external organization respondents were, as a group, more satisfied with their jobs than those respondents who worked in an internal EAP. Age, gender, race of respondent, rural versus non-rural work setting and national certification/recognition had no statistically significant impact on job satisfaction. Several recommendations and implications were drawn from the study. These included the need for open lines of communication with regard to career advancement and company policies; gender inequity issues are seen as barriers to job satisfaction and the masters degree is seen as the logical choice for the entry level EAP professional.
Ph. D.
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Gonzales, Jose. "The relevance of retention behavior in the development of accession strategy." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Jun%5FGonzales.pdf.

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Campbell, Michael C. "Exploiting Navy officer end-of-active-obligated-service (EAOS) date in forecasting losses /." access online version, 1987. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA188969.

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Sotirova, Nadezhda Mihaylova. "News Corp Translated: Framing the United States in Bulgaria." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32710.

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This study examined framing in two Bulgarian television stations and their web sites. Framing within the web sitesâ news coverage of the United States was examined during the one-month period immediately following the 2008 United States presidential election. The news articles gathered from the two web sites were examined for amount of coverage, frame presence and valence, as well as hyperlinks, in order to offer insight into the fields of gatekeeping, framing, and corporate ownership bias. Suggestions of bias were found in terms of the overall tone of the articles but not in the amount of coverage. There was a significant difference between the two web sites in the tone of coverage concerning individuals and events.
Master of Arts
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Doyle, David E. "Evaluation of fleet ownership versus global allocation of ships in the Combat Logistics Force." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Sep%5FDoyle.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2006.
Thesis Advisor(s): W. Matthew Carlyle. "September 2006." Reproduced by NTIS : ADA456929 Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-77).
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Bula, Oleh. "A STUDY OF PUBLIC EMPLOYEE LABOR LAW IN THE UNITED STATES." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2427.

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This study examined the legal issues of public employee labor relations in the United States. Included in this study is a review of relevant case law as it pertains to collective bargaining in the public sector. In addition to reviewing the case law, this study researched the statutory language of each state for public sector collective bargaining. The study includes a review, analysis, and summary of the state and federal laws for public sector collective bargaining. The collective bargaining process in the United States is designed to resolve disputes between two parties, the employer and the employee. The resolution of these disputes often depends on the relative bargaining power of each party. The private sector has a collective bargaining process that has been well established since the passage of the National Labor Relations Act in 1935 and the Labor-Management Relations Act of 1947. The federal laws that have been implemented in the last fifty years, to include the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972, the American with Disabilities Act of 1990, among others, cover the scope of almost all of the private sector collective bargaining (Oberer, 1994). The public sector contains 50 different state laws and several federal laws defining the scope of collective bargaining for public employees. The bargaining process in the public sector takes place in the context of the political arena. This political influence, which is unique in each state and at each level of government, provides additional steps to the bargaining process that further differentiate public sector bargaining from private (Valletta, 1985). This study provides conclusions on certain aspects of public sector collective bargaining that lead to dispute resolution and contract negotiation to include fact-finding procedures, mediation, arbitration, and strike policies, in the current state of the law. Recommendations are made to public officials, policy makers, and other stakeholders for the future of public employee labor relations in the United States.
Ed.D.
Department of Educational Research, Technology and Leadership
Education
Educational Leadership
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Books on the topic "Employee ownership – United States"

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United States. General Accounting Office, ed. Initial results of a survey on employee stock ownership plans and information on related economic trends: Report to the Honorable Russell B. Long, United States Senate. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1985.

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Abrashoff. Get your ship together!: How great leaders inspire ownership from the keel up. New York: Portfolio, 2005.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. Investing in American workers: The benefits of expanding employee ownership : field hearing of the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, United States Senate, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, second session ... August 26, 2010 (Montpelier, VT). Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2013.

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Merical, Kelly J. Potential dilution at America's leading companies: Total potential dilution from stock plans at S&P 500 companies. Washington, DC: Investor Responsibility Research Center, 1995.

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B, Freeman Richard. Monitoring colleagues at work: Profit sharing, employee ownership, broad-based stock options and workplace performance in the United States. London: Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics and Political Science, 2004.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Employee ownership on hostile takeovers: Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One hundreth Congress, first session, on the benefits and abuses of employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) from a hostile takeover raid, June 26, 1987. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Employee ownership on hostile takeovers: Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One hundreth Congress, first session, on the benefits and abuses of employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) from a hostile takeover raid, June 26, 1987. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Employee ownership on hostile takeovers: Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One hundredth Congress, first session, on the benefits and abuses of employee stock ownership plan (ESOP) from a hostile takeover raid, June 26, 1987. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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Friendly takeover: How an employee buyout saved a steel town. New York, N.Y: Penguin Books, 1996.

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Len, Krimerman, and Lindenfeld Frank, eds. When workers decide: Workplace democracy takes root in North America. Philadelphia, PA: New Society Publishers, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Employee ownership – United States"

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Vegliante, Anthony, Laree Martin, David Treworgy, Eamonn Harrington, and Nancy Annett. "Employee Stock Ownership as a Human Capital Strategy for the United States Postal Service." In Postal and Delivery Services: Delivering on Competition, 205–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0233-3_11.

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D’Angelo, Erin. "24. United States of America." In Transfer of Business and Acquired Employee Rights, 647–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49007-5_24.

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Mygind, Niels. "Privatisation and Employee Ownership: The Development in the Baltic Countries." In Transition in the Baltic States, 131–47. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25394-4_7.

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Butler, Richard J. "History of Workers’ Benefits in the United States." In The Economics of Social Insurance and Employee Benefits, 19–37. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4927-7_2.

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McGinley, Kathleen A., Susan Charnley, Frederick W. Cubbage, Reem Hajjar, Gregory E. Frey, John Schelhas, Meredith Hovis, and Kailey Kornhauser. "Community forest ownership, rights, and governance regimes in the United States." In Routledge Handbook of Community Forestry, 146–67. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367488710-13.

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Shields, Brandon, and Julia Levashina. "Comparing the Social Media in the United States and BRIC Nations, and the Challenges Faced in International Selection." In Social Media in Employee Selection and Recruitment, 157–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29989-1_8.

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Addison, John T. "The Performance Effects of Unions, Codetermination, and Employee Involvement: Comparing the United States and Germany (with an Addendum on the United Kingdom)." In Innovation, Employment and Growth Policy Issues in the EU and the US, 61–120. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00631-9_3.

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"2. Employee Stock Ownership Plans in the United States." In Understanding Employee Ownership, 43–73. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501718724-004.

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"Employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs) in the United States – worker capitalism?" In Economic Democracy and Financial Participation, 80–125. Routledge, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203026359-11.

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Rose, Stephen. "The Ins and Outs of Measuring Income Inequality in the United States." In United States Income, Wealth, Consumption, and Inequality, 10–37. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197518199.003.0002.

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Although measuring income inequality seems straightforward and uncontroversial, methodological issues greatly affect findings. This chapter shows that changes in real median income between 1979 and 2014 across six studies varied from negative 8 percent to positive 51 percent. Furthermore, the share of growth going to the top ten percent during these years in four studies ranged from 31 percent to 100 percent. The first choice that researchers make is choosing a dataset or linked datasets. This choice affects the income sharing unit, be it households, families, individuals, or tax units. The next choice is the definition of income, with the starting point being cash market income only—earnings, dividends, rents, interest payments, or business profits. This total can be expanded by including government cash benefits, employer benefits, the rental value of home ownership, and government and financial services that people don’t pay for. Even after the income concept is chosen, income can be presented as adjusted for family size and either before or after taxes. Finally, adjusting for inflation to change nominal incomes into inflation-adjusted incomes can be performed in a variety of ways.
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Conference papers on the topic "Employee ownership – United States"

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Ogodo, A. D. "Ogodo Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Generation, Exploitation and Technology Transfer (TT): Policies and Strategic Concept of Actual Ownership and Legal Cosniderations." In 27th iSTEAMS-ACity-IEEE International Conference. Society for Multidisciplinary and Advanced Research Techniques - Creative Research Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/isteams-2021/v27p26.

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Ogodo Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Generation, Exploitation and Technology Transfer (TT): Policies and Strategic Concept of Actual Ownership and Legal Considerations Ogodo, A.D. (Snr.) Chartered Chemist Department of Science Laboratory Technology School of Applied Science Delta State Polytechnic, P.M.B. 1030 Ogwashi-Uku, Delta State, Nigeria. E-mail: dicksonogodo@yahoo.com; Phone: 08030738401 ABSTRACT This scientific research work shows that INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (IPR) can generate breakthrough solution to Global Challenges and is an integral aspect of the Legal personality of OGODO INTERNATIONAL REFERENCE STANDARDS (OIRS) IN 154 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ORGANIZATION (ISO) COUNTRIES IN GENEVA, SWITZERLAND that meets the United States (US) Pharmacopoea Light Transmission Tests of OGODOMETRICS SUPERIOR MATERIALS in the range 2900-4500 Å in Songhai-Delta, Ovwore Community, Amukpe-Sapele, Delta State, Nigeria to generate Nigeria Vision 2030 Target for Global competitiveness of NIGERIA OFFICIALLY RECOGNIZED INTERNATIONAL REFERENCE STANDARDS for the PACKAGING CONTAINER LAW (PCL) using the PACKAGING ADDED VALUE (PAV322FPI 408) being regulated in Nigeria in collaboration with the 154 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS ORGANIZATION (ISO) COUNTRIES plus 38 other Countries/Nations via Final Investment Decision (FID). The research dwells extensively and specifically on infringement of PATENT which is actionable and it is the persons vested with the right to Patent that has the right to sue to enforce it. By virtue of Section 10(1) and (2) of the Copyright Act, the first ownership in any literacy or Intellectual Property created by a University or Polytechnic employee belongs to him in the absence of any express assignment of the right by the employee to the University or Polytechnic. The research expresses the beliefs that INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY (IP) can be used as a tool to foster INNOVATION and must be vigorously pursued by Nigerian Institution Leaders to encourage generation and exploitation of Intellectual Property (IP). The research recommends funds which can be used to encourage Collaborative Research Pattern in an effective way for Intellectual Property Exploitation. Secondly, SNERGY is critical to success (Collaborative Interdisciplinary Research) rather than those that simply focus on a said field of research. Thirdly, with the presence and regulatory role of National Office for Technology Acquisition and Promotion (NOTAP), favourable bargains can be struck and properly documented through its Intellectual Property Technology Transfer Offices (IPPTOs). In conclusion, there is lack of Intellectual Property (IP) Policy to spell out the functions of Intellectual Property Technology Transfer Offices (IPPTOs) according to Institutions missions and poor awareness of the researchers about the functions of the Office of National Office for Technology Acquisition and Promotion (NOTAP). Keywords: Keywords: Ogodo International Reference Standards, Ogodometrics Superior Materials, United States (US)
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Hindle, Ed, Robert Van Stone, Chris Brogan, John Vandike, Ken Dale, and Nathan Gibson. "A Prognostic and Diagnostic Approach to Engine Health Management." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90614.

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A serious operational cost trend threatens the future technical preeminence of the United States DoD. Increasing readiness costs are severely impacting acquisition of new aircraft, which translates to an increase in the average age of the United States Air Force, Navy and Army aircraft fleet. As time marches on, this undesirable trend will become more and more difficult to overcome. It would be unwise to expect congress to increase the defense budget in the near future to overcome this dilemma. Hence, as the current aircraft fleets continue to age this problem will only get worse. A revolutionary paradigm shift must take place to reverse the aircraft sustainment demand for funding. Prognosis based asset management can go a long way towards reversing the operating cost trend. When applied to aircraft engines, prognosis based asset management may allow the services to reach cost of ownership entitlement as well as achieve significant safety and readiness improvements. This revolutionary change in engine management will employ condition (or state) based component lifing and inspections (verses the current hard time inspections limits). Instead of operating to fixed intervals, based on engine health, the component will dictate when the optimal inspection should occur. In other words, a sensor will determine when the engine needs to be inspected. This includes all nondestructive evaluation, borescope activities, component replacement and depot maintenance work. The concept of engine health management (EHM) has been an interesting topic for several years. The Navy explored prognosis and mechanical diagnostics in the early 70’s for the F-8 and A-7 applications (1). Various limitations such as engine controller, storage, limited computing capacity / capabilities have prevented this from moving forward. Significant advances in both computing power and sensor technology now make it possible to obtain real time engine information and to make EHM a reality on an engine-by-engine basis. Obtaining flight-by-flight usage parameter information will provide the foundation for robust diagnostics as well as engine prognostics and allow real time fault tree analysis and near real time damage accumulation calculations. Once this information is available, engine prognosis can provide predictive capability for the health of engine components, appropriate inspection intervals and maintenance activities providing a substantial long-range cost avoidance opportunity for the DoD sustainment budget. Current fleet management capability is constrained by uncertainty in the current state of the individual aircraft engines. The ability to sense or measure the damage state of an individual part is limited at best. Further, specific part operational severity is not captured with the current lifing process, hence many components are not operating to their life entitlement because the life is based on fleet weighted average missions. Unlike the fixed interval inspections currently being performed, precise assessment is required for condition-based lifing. The key considerations in this new assessment process are 1) the fidelity of the analysis tools and 2) the definition of the boundary conditions (or environmental conditions used by the analysis tools) 3) improved understanding of diagnostics and engine faults and a better troubleshooting tool.
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Scott, Dow, and Jacek Grodzicki. "Pay Transparency: A Comparison of Employee Perceptions in Poland and the United States." In International Conference on Research in Human Resource Management. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/icrhrm.2019.03.102.

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Garland, J., K. Grant, T. Joachim, E. England, B. Blazicko, and L. Pazyra. "423. Reducing Total Ownership Costs in the United States Air Force Through Environment, Safety and Occupational Health Improvements." In AIHce 2000. AIHA, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2763779.

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Sipior, Janice, and Burke Ward. "A Framework for Information Security Management Based on Guiding Standards: A United States Perspective." In InSITE 2008: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3188.

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Despite government oversight, consumers continue to be concerned about the security of personal information used by corporations. Consumer concerns give rise to the necessity for corporations to manage information security. Navigating the multitude of existing security standards, including dedicated standards for information security and frameworks for controlling the implementation of information technology, presents a challenge to organizations. In response, we propose our ISM framework which considers global, national, organizational, and employee standards to guide ISM. We contend that a strategic approach to ISM will enable a focus on managing information as a key resource in global competition. This framework is intended to promote a cohesive approach which considers a process view of information within the context of the entire organizational operational environment. This framework can be used by international, national, and regional corporations to formulate, implement, enforce, and audit information security policies and practices.
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Klepper, S., C. Ludlow, and M. Spadafora. "Shock-Qualified Stern Tube Seal with Improved Capabilities and Reduced Total Ownership Cost." In SNAME 15th Propeller and Shafting Symposium. SNAME, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/pss-2018-06.

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Stern tube seals are a critical component in a ships propulsion system, sealing the shafts penetration through the hull. Stern tube seals can result in a significant maintenance burden when they are unable to handle the operational conditions of the vessel. Current systems are also lacking a capability to be able to operate through a primary seal failure, something that should be critical to the United States Navy. The United States Navy’s Independence-class littoral combat ship (LCS) has challenging operational conditions including the need to survive shock loads, high shaft speed and significant galvanic corrosion potential. Through a five-year effort the authors developed a stern tube seal for LCS that could handle the challenging operational conditions and provide the Navy with new critical capabilities such as the ability to operate propulsion systems through a primary seal failure without the use of packing and to extend maintenance windows to reduce vessel downtime and associated cost. This paper will present the limitations and challenges of existing stern tube seals, followed by the design improvements developed by the authors to improve performance and reliability while also reducing the total ownership cost for the U.S. Navy.
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Hauck, Paul L., Anthony M. LoRe, and Kevin Trytek. "Has the Time Come for More Publicly Operated WTE Facilities in the United States?" In 19th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec19-5416.

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When the current generation of U.S. waste-to-energy (WTE) facilities was developed during the 1980s and early 1990s, there were a large number of companies competing to design, build, operate and maintain them under a long term contract. Over the years, almost all of these firms have left the WTE business for a variety of reasons leaving essentially only two U.S. firms actively competing for renewed operating and maintenance (O&M) contracts for publicly owned WTE facilities. This consolidation has significantly reduced the level of competition for public owners who are interested in rebidding their WTE O&M contracts at the end of their initial or extended terms and, as a result, has the potential to increase the cost of service. Consolidation has likewise reduced the level of competition for potential new WTE projects in the U.S. This paper reviews the history of public sector operation of WTE facilities in the U.S., the unique challenges presented by public operation and whether it is time for more public owners to consider this alternative for existing WTE facilities in light of the lack of competition by private operating companies. Perceived risks and impediments to public operation of WTE facilities and suggestions on how to overcome them are presented as well as the benefits and opportunities available to public owners. The keys to a successful public WTE operating venture are also discussed based on the experiences of ecomaine, a consortium of 21 member municipalities in southern Maine that have operated and maintained their own 550 ton per day (tpd) WTE facility for more than 20 years. Public versus private operating practices for European WTE facilities are also explored as well as public ownership and operation of new WTE facilities including those based on alternative or emerging technologies.
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Bandyopadhyay, Arkasama, Julia P. Conger, Michael E. Webber, and Benjamin D. Leibowicz. "A Decision Support Tool for Distributed Solar and Storage Investments: A Case Study in Austin, TX." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11068.

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Abstract This study builds a decision support tool to evaluate when it is a good economic decision (least cost with minimum discomfort) for the residential customer to invest in distributed energy resources (DERs) based on different electricity rate structures, DER ownership frameworks, and DER rebates offered by electric utilities. The tool is demonstrated using empirical electricity consumption data from Pecan Street Inc. (a non-profit entity based on Austin, Texas), residential rates from Austin Energy (the municipal electric utility in Austin, Texas), DER ownership costs from various nationwide pilot programs, and incentives offered by electric utilities in the United States. Results show that for constant electricity rates, the overall expenditure is least when the customer owns solar panels without storage, while for time-varying pricing structures, the least expensive scenario is one where the customer does not own any DERs. As the capital costs for DERs decline, utilities incentivize customer ownership of DERs, and more residential customers face the decision of whether to invest in DERs, this study aims to be a key tool in aiding that decision-making process.
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Needham, Michael. "Detecting Sources of Ionizing Radiation in the Waste Stream." In 10th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec10-1016.

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Why is the detection of radioactive sources important to the solid waste industry?: Radioactive material is used extensively in the United States in research, medicine, education, and industry for the benefit of society (e.g. smoke detectors, industrial process gauges, medical diagnosis/treatment). Generally speaking, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and state governments regulate the use and disposal of radioactive materials. Licensed radioactive waste disposal facilities receive the bulk of the waste generated in the United States with exceptions for low-level waste (e.g. medical patient waste) that may be disposed of as municipal waste. According to the Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors, Inc (CRCPD)., there has been an increasing number of incidence involving the detection of prohibited radioactive wastes at solid waste management facilities. While the CRCPD acknowledges that the increased incidence may be partially attributed to the growing number of solid waste facilities that have detection systems, undetected sources of ionizing radiation can harm the environment, have a negative impact on employee health and safety, and result in significant remedial actions. Implementing an effective detection/response plan can aid in the proper management of radioactive waste and serve to minimize the potential for negative outcomes.
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Okabe, Noriko. "Interactions of job satisfaction with personality could avoid emotional exhaustion among customer service employees." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001856.

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This study examined the link between personality characteristics and emotional exhaustion among customer service workers. The live survey application S was employed to conduct a web-based questionnaire survey of customer service workers in the United States in March 2021 with 50 questions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Most respondents (65.78%) reported that they had felt emotional exhaustion. This study used descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and moderated regression analyses to test the hypotheses. Results suggested that employee emotional exhaustion was caused by environmental, situational, and social phenomena such as the COVID-19 pandemic at the time rather than individual characters. The result also indicated that employees with high levels of agreeableness, conscientiousness, and job satisfaction can quickly reduce and control their emotional exhaustion when experiencing conflicts.
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Reports on the topic "Employee ownership – United States"

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Douglas G Hall. A Study of United States Hydroelectric Plant Ownership. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/911556.

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Hall, Douglas G., and Kelly S. Reeves. A Study of United States Hydroelectric Plant Ownership. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1218114.

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Feliciano, Zadia, and Robert Lipsey. Foreign Ownership and Wages in the United States, 1987 - 1992. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6923.

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Marvin, Michael A. Value of 360 Degree Employee Performance Appraisals in the United States Army. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada309370.

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Sass, Emma S., Brett J. Butler, and Marla Markowski-Lindsay. Estimated distribution of forest ownership across the conterminous United States - geospatial database. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-rmap-11.

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Nelson, Mark D., Greg C. Liknes, and Brett J. Butler. Map of forest ownership in the conterminous United States. [Scale 1:7,500,000]. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-rmap-2.

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Chari, Anusha, Wenjie Chen, and Kathryn M. E. Dominguez. Foreign Ownership and Firm Performance: Emerging-Market Acquisitions in the United States. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14786.

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Hewes, Jaketon H., Brett J. Butler, Greg C. Liknes, Mark D. Nelson, and Stephanie A. Snyder. Map of distribution of six forest ownership types in the conterminous United States. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-rmap-6.

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Bjelland, Melissa, Bruce Fallick, John Haltiwanger, and Erika McEntarfer. Employer-to-Employer Flows in the United States: Estimates Using Linked Employer-Employee Data. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w13867.

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Kitchens, Carl, and Taylor Jaworski. Ownership and the Price of Residential Electricity: Evidence from the United States, 1935-1940. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22254.

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