Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Emploi de retraite'
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Cazals, Catherine. "Transitions emploi-retraite : étude économétrique sur données individuelles." Toulouse 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU10007.
Full textThis thesis is concerned with the study of changes in working status for individuals reaching the age of retirement on the United States labour market. First, we estimate instantaneous transition rates between three states: full-time work, part-time work, retirement. The results show significant age effects and some individual mobility, with in particular, some return to the labour market after some period of retirement, and transitions from part-time to full-time work, even for advanced ages. In a second part, we study more precisely a particular transition: the first fulltime work cessation. We examine then individual determinants of full-time work duration from the fifty-eight age on, assuming several issues to this period: a part-time job, unemployment retirement and inactivity. In particular, two variables have significant effects: income and health. Lower incomes favour later retirement and bad health favour on earlier one (more often complete inactivity). Finally, we examine the effect of many individual characteristics on instantaneous transition rates between the three states: full-time work, part-time work and retirement for the period 1969-1979, with a specification for these rates that allow us to identify age effect and duration effect separately. We find then, as main favourable factors to transition to diminishing work effort: age, bad health, or mandatory retirement clause
Fontaine, Vanessa. "L' emploi des seniors." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10045.
Full textToutain, Stéphanie. "Vieillissement, age de la retraite et emploi des travailleurs agés : aspects géneraux, comparaison internationale, et étude du cas italien." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100154.
Full textAccording to a common demographic reasoning, the result of population ageing should be a rise of retirement age. At least, that is the forecast for the next century. The purpose of this thesis is to question the relevance of this diagnosis and its consequences. We start by noting that the postulate isn't empirically confirmed over the past or in diachronic section when countries at different development stages are compared. Ageing is rather related to a lowering of retirement age. We then look at the factors that can, in retrospect, explain the phenomenon. Two analysis may be offered: - a work offer side analysis, based on an income/pleasure arbitration approach. - a second analysis intends to focus on one of the factors that could explain this paradox: the exclusion from work market phenomenon for older workers being particularly strong in developed countries, we set out to review the details of the retirement and early-retirement systems which explain part of the world-wide inequalities in employment rates for older ages in five industrialised countries (united-states, france, netherlands, germany, great-britain). What should be inferred at a prospective level ? could this be reversed ? it is indeed a possibility that the collective arbitration between income and pleasure stops automatically being in favour of an earlier retirement, given the induced costs in terms of social transfers. But the problem remains for the work demand. This leads to wonder about the factors that could make keeping older workers at work easier. We will in particular explore the concept that keeping these workers could only be done subject to a certain flexibility at career end. We will try to answer by an analysis of the relationship between elderly age employment rate and salary evolution in the years before retirement, as well as a little more detailed presentation of the japanese model. To finish, the retirement age theme in its whole will be illustrated by a case study of italy. The approach will be from three sides : demographic, retirement systems reform and work market
Messe, Pierre-Jean. "Quatre essais sur les effets d'une hausse de l'âge de la retraite sur l'emploi." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT4020.
Full textThis thesis investigates the effect of an increase in the legal retirement age on employment through four original essays. First, using American data from the survey HRS, we show that a respondent, who feels that his employer adopts discriminatory attitudes toward older workers, may reduce his expected exit age. Furthermore, an employer may offer early retirement window to his older employees to force them to leave their job. Considering 2003 and 2008 French reforms, we set a tax levied on the amount of the financial incentives paid by the employer to his older workers. Using a matching model with endogenous job destruction, we highlight the fact that in the case of a high tax rate, postponing retirement leads firms to get rid of their older workers. In a second part of the thesis, we investigate the effect of an increase in the legal retirement age on youth employment. Considering an imperfect substitutability between older and younger workers in the labour market and using a synthetic firms approach we show empirically and theoretically that a fall in the exit rate of older workers may reduce the hiring rate among youngsters. Furthermore, employment rates among older and younger workers are linked through intergenerational transfers. So, using an overlapping generations model, we highlight the fact that the labour supply of the young increases with the time devoted by his older parents to look after their grandchildren, but an increase in the legal retirement age has an ambiguous effect on the amount of this transfer
Lahlouh, Khaled. "Partir à la retraite ou occuper un emploi de transition : le rôle de l'ajustement personne-environnement de travail." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1050.
Full textPurpose : this study aims to explore the relationship between the different levels of person-environment fit and two types of retirement intention (i.e., full retirement and intention to hold a bridge employment). Design/ methodolgy / approach : a representative sample of 357 aged 50 and over employed in french private-sector completed a research survey. Hypotheses were tested by using structural equation models. Findings : the results showed that : the fit between older worker’s abilities and the demands of the job was related positively to the two kinds of intentions included in this study. The perception of values congruence at the profession level and the fit between needs and supplies at the organizational level were also positively and signficantly related to the intention to hold a bridge employment after being retired from career employment. Research limitations : there are several limitations to the study : the cross sectional design, the direction of personne-environment fit, the intentional nature of our dependant variable, the mediating role of attitudinal variables. Originality / value : expanding previous research studies, the research considers the complexity of preparation of retirement transition by exploring different types of retirement intentions and the P-E fit factors related to them
Lahlouh, Khaled. "Partir à la retraite ou occuper un emploi de transition : le rôle de l'ajustement personne-environnement de travail." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1050.
Full textPurpose : this study aims to explore the relationship between the different levels of person-environment fit and two types of retirement intention (i.e., full retirement and intention to hold a bridge employment). Design/ methodolgy / approach : a representative sample of 357 aged 50 and over employed in french private-sector completed a research survey. Hypotheses were tested by using structural equation models. Findings : the results showed that : the fit between older worker’s abilities and the demands of the job was related positively to the two kinds of intentions included in this study. The perception of values congruence at the profession level and the fit between needs and supplies at the organizational level were also positively and signficantly related to the intention to hold a bridge employment after being retired from career employment. Research limitations : there are several limitations to the study : the cross sectional design, the direction of personne-environment fit, the intentional nature of our dependant variable, the mediating role of attitudinal variables. Originality / value : expanding previous research studies, the research considers the complexity of preparation of retirement transition by exploring different types of retirement intentions and the P-E fit factors related to them
Belkouch, Hicham. "Extension de la couverture sociale et réforme du système de retraite au Maroc." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100159.
Full textThis thesis proposes an evaluation of the Moroccan pension system and its ongoing reform process, using a dynamic microsimulation model. It is structured around two distinct and complementary parts that allow us to build the scenario of extending pension coverage for non-salaried workers. Firstly, we study the nature of the demographic evolution facing the pension system, as well as the way the past reforms have tried to respond to it and the unresolved issues. Then, using data from the Office of the High Commissioner for Planning, we conduct an empirical study that measures informal employment, identifies its characteristics, its determinants and questions its purpose, wether if it’s incurred or chosen. The second part of this thesis consists, first of all, in describing all the work done on the construction of the dynamic microsimulation model. We then develop a detailed explanation of the steps and techniques adopted and written in the R language, using programming tools developed for the rewriting of the Destinie model of INSEE. Subsequently, we propose an evaluation of the last parametric reform of the Moroccan Pension Fund (2016), comparing it to projected changes in simulation using the programmed model. Finally, we use the same model to simulate reform options to create retirement coverage for informal workers
Blake, Hélène. "Les risques du métier : emploi des séniors, santé et anticipations." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0074.
Full textThis thesis is a compilation of empirical works on seniors' behaviors. It is set in the context of reforms of retirement pension systems in develop countries which leads to a growing individualization of retirement choices. The first two chapters focus on how work impacts health using reforms of the French main pension system as exogenous shocks. Two different criteria are used to measure health: subjective well-being and mortality. It appears that work has a negative impact on physical health and increases morbidity for almost everybody. However the size and nature of effects are heterogeneous according to gender, education or income. I find that lower educated people are more impacted physically by work and that pension improves social life, especially women's. Men getting the lowest pensions (less than 954 euros a month) are more affected by the length of working life than by their retirement age, contrarily to other income groups. The third chapter is an analysis of the rigidity of seniors' employment rates in OECD countries facing a reform of their pension systems. Results show that seniors' employment reacts much more to work incentives in a context of good and homogeneous labor relations. The sources of heterogeneity of behaviors thus need to be studied. The fourth chapter analyzes one of them which is the differences in the experience of economic shocks for seniors. I find that for given individual situations with respect to income, employment and marital situation, people who grew up in a context of growth are more optimist concerning the American economy's future and children of unemployment men are more pessimistic concerning their own future on the labor market, which is not justified by facts (they have a lower propensity to be fired). Unemployment benefits are found to have a strong influence that mitigates or even cancels out this effects
Naji, Ilias. "Le retournement des retraites (1983-1993) : Acteurs, histoire, politiques de l’emploi et circuits financiers." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASU006.
Full textThis sociology thesis focuses on recent pension reforms in France between the 1970s and 1990s. The last reform favorable to retirees dates back to 1983, when the retirement age was lowered from 65 to 60. In 1993, the first reform unfavorable to retirees took place with an increase in the contribution period, the length of the average annual salary and price indexation.From a sociological perspective of controversies, public policies, statistics and justifications, this work proposes a return to the pension reforms between the 1970s and 1990s, based on a cross-analysis of archives from trade unions (CFDT and CGT), administrations (Social Security and Budget Departments, Ministry of Social Affairs and the Economy) and employers (UIMM and CNPF). Different struggles between actors concerning the problematization of pensions and the organization of the financial circuit of the Social Security are thus studied.The thesis is in dialogue with the literature on the history of social security and the social state. It proposes to approach social security and its policies from an approach combining the study of problematizations, financial circuits and strategies of actors.The thesis defends a main result: employment policies framed the content of pension policies between the mid-1970s and 1993. During the 1970s, pensions and early retirements were gradually used to take older people out of the labour force. From 1983 onwards, the adoption of the policy of competitive disinflation led to a compression of pension expenditure and the removal of the contribution rate from the legitimate parameters of the reforms. This thesis therefore proposes a history of pension reforms that gives more prominence to employment policies than the usual narratives centred on the aging of the population. The reversal of pensions between reforms favourable to retirees and those unfavourable to them can thus be understood in the light of the shift in employment policies.Other results are also presented in this work. They concern the link between statistics and reforms, the problematization of pensions, the uses of "contributivity" and the construction of financial circuits
Cardon, Vincent. "Une vie à l'affiche : sociologie du vieillissement en emploi des artistes interprètes." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0026.
Full textIn this dissertation, the professional ageing of performing artists is analysed as a biographical process initiated till the very first steps on the labour market. The spectacular inter-individual inequalities of success observed in those worlds could suggest the professional trajectories on this external labour market are basically unstructured. On the contrary, I show that those project-based careers obey strong regularities. The demonstration relies on a scale variation implying the analyse of the labour market, of the social protection system and of the organization of production in those worlds and on the use of quantitative (longitudinal) methods, crossed with more than 75 interviews, and the ethnographic observation of the role of talent agents and casting directors in the structuring of the feature film labour market. A particular focus is made on the retirement issue. I aim to analyse the implications of the lack of articulation between the retirement system artists pertain and their derogatory unemployment system that is used by them as a flexicurity device. The case of performing artists is a good methodological entry on the long term consequences of stabilized precariousness
Legault, Isabelle. "Étude exploratoire de la motivation des travailleuses et travailleurs d'expérience à demeurer en emploi au-delà de l'âge de la retraite." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2006. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/577.
Full textRhomari, Maria. "La réforme des systèmes de retraite dans les pays en développement et l'extension de la couverture à l'emploi informel : Application au Maroc." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090005/document.
Full textThis thesis investigates pension reforms in developing countries, their ability to provide retirees with a decent income, and the issue of extending their coverage to the entire population, including informal workers. The first two chapters assess the transition from pay-as-you-go to fully funded or multipillar schemes. A case study based on macro-data and pension funds data from 7 Latin American countries show that such reforms had very low effect on coverage rates and labour formalization and did not succeed in protecting people from old-age poverty. The third chapter describes the Moroccan pension system and shows that the reform currently in discussion is not sufficient either to achieve this goal. The last two chapters are empirical studies based on Moroccan labour force survey and household survey data. The first one draws a complete panorama of the non-contributing share of the population and estimates the probability of informal employment depending on both individual and professional characteristics. The second one studies the economic lives of the elderly. Overall results confirm that the informal labour market is heterogeneous and that most informal jobs are involuntary, not a choice made by workers to avoid paying taxes and social security contributions. It also appears that households that include aged members are poorer, the intergenerational cohabitation is high and therefore, creating a solidarity pension will help alleviate poverty at a cost not exceeding 0.5% of GDP
Aouici, Sabrina. "Choisir le « bon moment » pour partir à la retraite : analyse des décisions de fin de carrière des générations 1945-1950." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100003/document.
Full textThis thesis seeks to explain the low employment rate in France for people aged 55 years and above in terms of the increasing risk of economic, professional, social and family fragility observed in the transition to retirement. The research is based on the postulate of “free choice” in retirement decisions.In 2005, a quantitative study on the intentions of retirement was conducted among 1,004 employed individuals aged 54-59 years. As personal life courses are marked by change and uncertainties, a longitudinal analysis comprising 31 semi-structured interviews was conducted five years later with participants of the initial sample. The combined study of representations of retirement, end of career and family context allows differences to be identified between plans and the final adopted choices, and the key factors involved in the final decision to be determined.First of all, this thesis demonstrates that most of the initial plans are not realised. The determinism of the professional context on the retirement decision partly explains the observed adjustments: a degradation of working conditions, the assignation of under-qualified tasks at the end of a career, and stigmatisation are all factors that encourage people to retire earlier than expected. But the family environment also influences choices: as "generational pivots" between elderly parents and children to support, young retired people have to face family responsibilities that affect their decisions. Finally, this research highlights how young retirees from the baby boom, for whom individual freedom played a central role in their past life course, adopt new family models and a new way of living (the preservation of “individual spaces” and individualised behaviours) during retirement
Gaullier, Xavier. "La deuxième carrière : âges, emplois, retraites." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05H050.
Full textThe second career is an analysis of the dynamics of ages and social times for the entire lifespan, as well as their changes. Set in the framework of the sociology of age and the life cycle, this work is at the crossroads of the sociology of work, the sociology of leisure, and the sociology of the family. The surveys and research deal with the situation and the transformations taking place in the second half of life in industrial societies today : employment and unemployment, early retirement and retirement, family life and leisure, health and life expectancy, personality changes. This thesis demonstrates that a second career and a new age are emerging : a period of several decades which is no longer that of young adulthood but not yet the of old age. Its characteristics are analyzed as well as its implications for the restructuring of different ages and the life cycle as a function of societal (economic, social, cultural) changes. In contrast to models of the post-world war two period of economic growth, a variety of scenarios for the future are discussed
Gaullier, Xavier. "La Deuxième carrière âges, emplois, retraites /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376138475.
Full textŞenses, Dayangaç Renginar. "Essais sur les retraites : les enjeux de l'informalité et de l'incertitude." Thesis, Le Mans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LEMA2002.
Full textThis thesis conducts analysis of oldagepensions when informal employment andincome risks are defining characteristic of theeconomy. The first chapter offers an historicalpresentation of old-age pensions in Turkeytogether with underlying socio-economicdynamics and public social policies. It suggeststhat structural economic shortcomings andinadequate public social policies reinforcedinformality issues on the labour market andcontributed to the settlement of complementarysocial support mechanisms. The second chapterformalises general equilibrium of an economycharacterised by informal employment duerandom auditing where there is also publicpensions and a social norm of elderly support. Atequilibirum, uncertainty around auditing createsroom for informal employment, contributespositively to the steady state capital throughlower average payroll taxes while social normback ups old age risks of informality.The third chapter introduces a partial equilibriumanalysis in an evolutionary set-up where therecan arise preferences for working informally.Such choice is eased through non-market riskinsurance mechanisms substituting publicpensions. When political competition is alsoincorporated, the model shows that informalemployment can be forgone by populistgovernments for the sake of office. The lastchapter entails pension issues through individualchoice between unfunded or funded schemeswhen income risks and myopic behaviour areconsidered. Uncertainty and myopia reveals therole of administrative charges, tax exemptionsand the government as regulator on voluntaryfunded schemes. Results also show that undermyopia, low income agents can miscalculatecontributions and effect of charges onaccumulations and suffer from welfare losses inretirement
Charni, Kadija. "The labour market for older workers : earnings trajectories, labour supply and employment." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM2013/document.
Full textWith the global ageing of population and the consequences on public finances sustainability, the labour market of older workers remains a key concern for societies.The aim of this dissertation is to address particular issues on the labour market for older workers.This thesis consists of four chapters.The first two chapters examine the age-earnings trajectories late in working life.We do not find support of a decline of earnings at older ages as the consequence of ageing.The decline of the age-earnings profile observed for older workers at cross-sectional analysis is attributable to cohort effects, job-changing, and partial retirement.Chapter 3 evaluates the effects of French pension reforms on older workers’ transition out of unemployment and into employment. We find that the retirement reforms have limited effects on re-employment, and they increase transitions into inactivity, leading to a decrease of unemployment rate of older workers.Finally,Chapter 4 investigates the factors behind difficulties to remain in employment as workers age. It also evaluates job opportunities of older unemployed workers.The results indicate that the probability of leaving employment increases with economic incentives, ill health and age, while the probability of getting back to employment decreases with age.An Oaxaca decomposition supports the key role of age in the unemployment duration gap between ‘older’ and ‘younger’ workers, which is consistent with age discrimination
Kohler, Robert. "Etat des lieux de la Médiation animale dans les Etablissements d'hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes en France : De la théorie vers la conception d’un cahier des charges." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30044.
Full textWe are researching the implications of animal assisted therapy within a social care facility in an attempt to respond to the legal and managerial controversies surrounding the scheme. Our research is part of a societal trend towards recognizing the citizen rights of dependent elderly people, and in particular their social and cultural rights. We are studying important questions relating to the power of ageing people to make their own decisions about their lives. That is our main aim in researching the use of companion animals, which may be a revealing tool when used in an institutional setting.We will begin our work by discussing the practical and theoretical implications of the plan to introduce a trained dog into a nursing home for dependent elderly people. We will first discuss the issues related to the knowledge and understanding of the users which will be highlighted through animal assisted therapy (1st part). Secondly, we will develop the managerial implications related to the implementation of this idea in an institutional framework and the possibility of introducing a new space for reflection and the construction of meaning (2rd part). These elements will be used to develop specifications for the animal assisted therapy project
Ollier, Hubert. "La transmission d’entreprise : recherches sur les spécificités de l’entreprise de bâtiment." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1001/document.
Full textThe demographic, social and economic context underlines the high rate of disappearance of the building companies when transferring. Either the natural transfer linked to the owner age or the wish to retire from business expressed by the company manager, the result looks the same: the survival of the company is very limited when leaving. Linked to the sector of activities, the reasons of the difficulties connected to the transfer of companies usually suggested are not fully satisfactory.Viewed in terms of the specificities of the building trade, our study therefore aims to emphasize the need for some preparation, some anticipation of the transfer before carrying out the project. Putting forward solutions to preserve technical knowledge, expertise of the company and legally environmental improvement as well are typical of the sector. They seem to be real assets to attract, appeal and create the transferee loyalty. It is only after this stage that technical means, sometimes innovating in some ways will be applied to improve the business revival. However unprecedented successful the holding company of repurchase got during the last years, access to financing , sometimes difficult in the context of economic crisis which affects the sector must be broached as well. The financial package of acquisition is getting more and more complex, transforming experts into true engineers of the patrimonial strategy in which taxation holds a place of choice
Purenne, Jonathan. "Processus de la retraite et carrière atypique au Canada." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21583.
Full textWilhelmy, Mutsumi. "L'effet des pratiques de gestion sur le maintien en emploi et le recrutement des seniors." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2471.
Full textTraoré, Ahmed Adaman. "Influence des facteurs liés au travail, à la retraite et au parcours de vie sur la décision de retour au travail et les formes de retour après la retraite : une comparaison entre les femmes et les hommes." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22691.
Full textFortin, Marc-André. "Les fins d’emploi de carrière et les emplois de transition vers la retraite selon la profession au Canada, 2002 à 2007." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9213.
Full textIn Canada, the ongoing aging of the labour force has direct effects on the labour market and the way workers live their transition to retirement. Thus many believe in the importance of studying the lifecourse of older workers. Using longitudinal data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, this study analyzes the older workers who left a career job between 2002 and 2007, and looks at their subsequent labour market activity in order to know if some of them entered a bridge job. This research focuses on occupational differences for the first time in the Canadian literature. In proportion, the results show higher than average rates of leaving their career job in some specific occupations, especially teachers and managers. Moreover this study aims to measure the proportion of older workers who found a bridge job in a different occupation.
Charbonneau, Patrick. "Fin de vie active des travailleurs canadiens : une analyse des départs d’emploi de carrière et des emplois de transition selon l’industrie, 1993-2010." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11140.
Full textWith the Baby-boom generation entering upon a retirement wave, the Canadian labour force will ineluctably go through a transition period. Those departures will leave a vacuum that will force many industries to readjust in order to avoid heavy turbulences. The impact of the retirement wave will not have the same impact for each of the industries. Using longitudinal data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics for years 1993 to 2010, this study analyzes trends over time and across industries regarding workers leaving a career job. A particular attention will also be paid to bridge jobs by industry, in order to determine if this type of work may lessen the effects of the loss of many career jobs. The results show that workers are increasingly leaving career jobs during the period under review and that considerable variations exist between workers of various industries. The industry of Professional, Scientific and Technical Services shows the smallest proportion of workers that have left a career job (26%). Conversely, the highest probability of leaving a career job was recorded among workers of the Accommodation and Food Services industry (47%). Regarding bridge jobs, workers coming from the Construction industry have the greatest propensity to start such a type of work after leaving a career job. If some industries stand out from all the others, this is largely attributable to the distinct behaviour of the eldest workers (55 to 64 years old).