Academic literature on the topic 'Empirical process theory'

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Journal articles on the topic "Empirical process theory"

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SUDAK, HOWARD S. "Psychoanalytic Process: Theory, Clinical Observation, and Empirical Research." American Journal of Psychiatry 145, no. 3 (March 1988): 368—a—369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.145.3.368-a.

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Drake, Nancy. "THE PSYCHOANALYTIC PROCESS: THEORY, CLINICAL OBSERVATION, AND EMPIRICAL RESEARCH." Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 26, no. 4 (April 1988): 44–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0279-3695-19880401-20.

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Lazar, Susan, Ira Dosovitz, and Robert J. Ursano. "The Psychoanalytic Process, Theory, Clinical Observation and Empirical Research." Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 37, no. 1 (February 1989): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000306518903700115.

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Messer, Stanley B. "The psychoanalytic process: Theory, clinical observation and empirical research." Psychoanalytic Psychology 6, no. 1 (1989): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0736-9735.6.1.111.

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Graupner, Enrico, and Alexander Maedche. "Process digitisation in retail banking: an empirical examination of process virtualization theory." International Journal of Electronic Business 12, no. 4 (2015): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijeb.2015.074613.

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Lieberman, Offer. "ASYMPTOTIC THEORY FOR EMPIRICAL SIMILARITY MODELS." Econometric Theory 26, no. 4 (November 4, 2009): 1032–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266466609990454.

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We consider the stochastic process $Y_t = \sum\nolimits_{i < t} {s_w } (x_t ,x_i)Y_i /\sum\nolimits_{i < t} {s_w } (x_t ,x_i) + \varepsilon _t$, t = 2, …, n, where sw(xt, xi) is a similarity function between the tth and the ith observations and {εt} is a random disturbance term. This process was originally axiomatized by Gilboa, Lieberman, and Schmeidler (2006, Review of Economics and Statistics 88, 433–444) as a way by which agents, or even nature, reason. In the present paper, consistency and the asymptotic distribution of the quasi-maximum likelihood estimator of the parameters of the model are established. Connections to other models and techniques are drawn. In its general form, the model does not fall within any class of nonstationary econometric models for which asymptotic theory is available. For this reason, the developments in this paper are new and nonstandard.
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Ulf, Christoph. "From theory to empirical research." Archaeological Dialogues 17, no. 1 (May 4, 2010): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203810000115.

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Sofia Voutsaki has developed a very stimulating line of thought in her paper. In my view, one of the laudable traits of this paper is that it is characterized by the same tripartite structure which actually lies behind each scientific argument. Consciously or not, all of us start with a theory or a set of assumptions; we then proceed to methods in order to achieve our goal, i.e. to arrive at transparent interpretations of the past through empirical analysis. The analysis of empirical data is the end of the process, not its starting point, even if many people think it would be the beginning of our daily research work. The claim that the use of theory is unavoidable is often denied. Sofia Voutsaki's goal, as I understand it, is to make an attempt to narrow the gap between, on the one hand, mainly theory-driven research and, on the other, empirical analysis which is thought to be free from the unnecessary ‘burden’ of theory.
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Bae, Jong-Sig, and Sung-Yeun Kim. "THE UNIFORM LOCAL ASYMPTOTIC NORMALITY: AN EMPIRICAL PROCESS THEORY APPROACH." Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society 40, no. 3 (August 1, 2003): 373–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4134/bkms.2003.40.3.373.

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BARKER III, VINCENT L., and IRENE M. DUHAIME. "STRATEGIC CHANGE IN THE TURNAROUND PROCESS: THEORY AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE." Strategic Management Journal 18, no. 1 (January 1997): 13–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199701)18:1<13::aid-smj843>3.0.co;2-x.

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Shepherd, Dean A., and Roy Suddaby. "Theory Building." Journal of Management 43, no. 1 (July 10, 2016): 59–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206316647102.

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Building theories is important for advancing knowledge of management. But it is also a highly challenging task. Although there is a burgeoning literature that offers many theorizing tools, we lack a coherent understanding of how these tools fit together—when to use a particular tool and which combination of tools can be used in the theorizing process. In this article, we organize a systematic review of the literature on theory building in management around the five key elements of a good story: conflict, character, setting, sequence, and plot and arc. In doing so, we hope to provide a richer understanding of how specific theorizing tools facilitate aspects of the theorizing process and offer a clearer big picture of the process of building important theories. We also offer pragmatic empirical theorizing as an approach that uses quantitative empirical findings to stimulate theorizing.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Empirical process theory"

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Spiliotis, Aristotelis. "An empirical investigation of the money supply process : the case of Greece." Thesis, University of York, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306543.

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Gourlay, Adrian R. "The diffusion of process innovation in the UK financial sector : an empirical analysis of automated teller machine (ATM) diffusion." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7082.

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Recent policy initiatives have identified that the diffusion of innovation constitutes an important component in technical change and progress and is the impetus behind changes in firm productivity. To date, however, the main emphasis of economists has been on the diffusion of process innovations in the industrial sector with diffusion in the financial sector either ignored or, at best, summarised by a number of stylised facts relating to the spread of information. The objective of this thesis is to explore the inter-firm determinants of ATM adoption and diffusion in the UK financial sector and identify firm-specific and market factors in the diffusion process. The empirical analysis draws on duration analysis which represents the current state-of-art modelling approach to inter-firm diffusion. This approach conceptualises inter-firm diffusion as a cross-section of durations of nonadoption from which, most importantly, hypothesised factors (or `covariates') can be examined by their significance or otherwise on the conditional probability of adoption. The main findings of this thesis support the stylised fact often made in the diffusion literature that the inter-firm diffusion curve is sigmoid and characterised by a nonmonotonic hazard function. Furthermore the empirical analysis supports the hypothesis that firm-specific characteristics and expectations have played a crucial role in the interfirm diffusion of ATMs. In addition, the results indicate that the diffusion of ATMs in the UK has been characterised by the existence of positive network externalities. The results are also shown to be robust across a number of model specifications and assumptions concerning the time-path of covariates.
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Philips, Petra Camilla, and petra philips@gmail com. "Data-Dependent Analysis of Learning Algorithms." The Australian National University. Research School of Information Sciences and Engineering, 2005. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20050901.204523.

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This thesis studies the generalization ability of machine learning algorithms in a statistical setting. It focuses on the data-dependent analysis of the generalization performance of learning algorithms in order to make full use of the potential of the actual training sample from which these algorithms learn.¶ First, we propose an extension of the standard framework for the derivation of generalization bounds for algorithms taking their hypotheses from random classes of functions. This approach is motivated by the fact that the function produced by a learning algorithm based on a random sample of data depends on this sample and is therefore a random function. Such an approach avoids the detour of the worst-case uniform bounds as done in the standard approach. We show that the mechanism which allows one to obtain generalization bounds for random classes in our framework is based on a “small complexity” of certain random coordinate projections. We demonstrate how this notion of complexity relates to learnability and how one can explore geometric properties of these projections in order to derive estimates of rates of convergence and good confidence interval estimates for the expected risk. We then demonstrate the generality of our new approach by presenting a range of examples, among them the algorithm-dependent compression schemes and the data-dependent luckiness frameworks, which fall into our random subclass framework.¶ Second, we study in more detail generalization bounds for a specific algorithm which is of central importance in learning theory, namely the Empirical Risk Minimization algorithm (ERM). Recent results show that one can significantly improve the high-probability estimates for the convergence rates for empirical minimizers by a direct analysis of the ERM algorithm. These results are based on a new localized notion of complexity of subsets of hypothesis functions with identical expected errors and are therefore dependent on the underlying unknown distribution. We investigate the extent to which one can estimate these high-probability convergence rates in a data-dependent manner. We provide an algorithm which computes a data-dependent upper bound for the expected error of empirical minimizers in terms of the “complexity” of data-dependent local subsets. These subsets are sets of functions of empirical errors of a given range and can be determined based solely on empirical data. We then show that recent direct estimates, which are essentially sharp estimates on the high-probability convergence rate for the ERM algorithm, can not be recovered universally from empirical data.
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Tong, Zhigang. "Statistical Inference for Heavy Tailed Time Series and Vectors." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35649.

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In this thesis we deal with statistical inference related to extreme value phenomena. Specifically, if X is a random vector with values in d-dimensional space, our goal is to estimate moments of ψ(X) for a suitably chosen function ψ when the magnitude of X is big. We employ the powerful tool of regular variation for random variables, random vectors and time series to formally define the limiting quantities of interests and construct the estimators. We focus on three statistical estimation problems: (i) multivariate tail estimation for regularly varying random vectors, (ii) extremogram estimation for regularly varying time series, (iii) estimation of the expected shortfall given an extreme component under a conditional extreme value model. We establish asymptotic normality of estimators for each of the estimation problems. The theoretical findings are supported by simulation studies and the estimation procedures are applied to some financial data.
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Tolar, Martin. "Satisficing versus optimising behaviour in the non-durable consumption expenditure decision making process : an empirical examination of Australian data for the period 1976(1) - 1994(2) /." [Campbelltown, N.S.W. : The Author], 1995. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030703.130007/index.html.

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Nordegren, Annica. "Design–theoretical and empirical, A research project inn design theory including the devolpment of a prototype for a symbol system that represents tastes of wine." Doctoral thesis, KTH, School of Architecture, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-93.

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The thesis presents a research project in graphic design including the development of a symbol system that represents tastes of wine as consumer information. The thesis has three main chapters; design, theory and empirical foundation.

The design chapter clarifies the design concept and its evolution from a traditional standpoint to its present state in the international area of design research as design theory.

The theoretical chapter presents a map of concepts in order to explain problems and practical solutions in the design process. The concepts are based on the philosophical ideas of Ernst Cassirer and Ludwig Wittgenstein, and concern interpretation of sense information, symbols and signs, picture and image. The design of the symbol system concerns the experience of taste, as a translation from words to pictures.

The empirical chapter comprehends both a description of the design process and of the empirical research. The method used is prototyping with a reference group of branch experts. The empirical research has evaluated the possibility to interpret, learn, use and understand the symbol system. The method used is a survey with questionnaires to a group of wine consumers

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García-Zelada, David. "Aspects géométriques et probabilistes des gaz de coulomb Concentration for Coulomb gases on compact manifolds A large deviation principle for empirical measures on Polish spaces: Application to singular Gibbs measures on manifolds Extremal particles of two-dimensional Coulomb gases and random polynomials on a positive background Edge fluctuations for a class of two-dimensional determinantal Coulomb gases." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLED046.

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Nous explorons des modèles probabilistes appelés gaz de Coulomb. Ils apparaissent dans différents contextes comme par exemple dans la théorie des matrices aléatoires, l'effet Hall quantique fractionnaire de Laughlin et les modèles de supraconductivité de Ginzburg-Landau. Dans le but de mieux comprendre le rôle de l'espace ambiant, nous étudions des versions géométriques de ce système. Nous exploitons trois structures sur ce modèle. La première est définie par la interaction électrostatique provenant de la loi de Gauss. La deuxième est la structure déterminantale disponible que pour des valeurs précises de la température. La troisième est le principe de minimisation de l'énergie libre en physique, qui permet étudier des modèles plus généraux. Ces travaux conduisent à des nombreux questions ouvertes et à une famille de modèles d'intérêt
We explore probabilistic models usually called Coulomb gases. They arise naturally in mathematics and physics. We can mention random matrix theory, the Laughlin fractional quantum Hall effect and the Ginzburg-Landau systems of superconductivity. In order to better understand the role of the ambient space, we study geometric versions of such systems. We exploit three structures. The first one comes from the electrostatic nature of the interaction given by Gauss's law. The second one is the determinantal structure which appears only for a specific temperature. The third one is the minimization of the free energy principle, coming from physics which gives us a tool to understand more general models. This work leads to many open questions on a whole family of models which can be of independent interest.)
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Lu, Min. "A Study of the Calibration Regression Model with Censored Lifetime Medical Cost." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2006. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/math_theses/14.

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Medical cost has received increasing interest recently in Biostatistics and public health. Statistical analysis and inference of life time medical cost have been challenging by the fact that the survival times are censored on some study subjects and their subsequent cost are unknown. Huang (2002) proposed the calibration regression model which is a semiparametric regression tool to study the medical cost associated with covariates. In this thesis, an inference procedure is investigated using empirical likelihood ratio method. The unadjusted and adjusted empirical likelihood confidence regions are constructed for the regression parameters. We compare the proposed empirical likelihood methods with normal approximation based method. Simulation results show that the proposed empirical likelihood ratio method outperforms the normal approximation based method in terms of coverage probability. In particular, the adjusted empirical likelihood is the best one which overcomes the under coverage problem.
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Mayer, Ulrike [Verfasser], and Henryk [Akademischer Betreuer] Zähle. "Functional weak limit theorem for a local empirical process of non-stationary time series and its application to von Mises-statistics / Ulrike Mayer ; Betreuer: Henryk Zähle." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/119175555X/34.

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Mayer, Ulrike Verfasser], and Henryk [Akademischer Betreuer] [Zähle. "Functional weak limit theorem for a local empirical process of non-stationary time series and its application to von Mises-statistics / Ulrike Mayer ; Betreuer: Henryk Zähle." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:291--ds-281226.

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Books on the topic "Empirical process theory"

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S. A. van de Geer. Applications of empirical process theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

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Dehling, Herold. Empirical Process Techniques for Dependent Data. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 2002.

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Harold, Sampson, and Mount Zion Psychotherapy Research Group., eds. The psychoanalytic process: Theory, clinical observation, and empirical research. New York: Guilford Press, 1986.

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Karaszewski, Włodzimierz. Empirical research on the process of transformation of Polish companies in the period of 1990-1995. Toruń: Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika, 1997.

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David, Pollard. Empirical processes: Theory and applications. Hayward, Calif: Institute of Mathematical Statistics, 1990.

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Sara A. van de Geer. Empirical Processes in M-Estimation. New York, USA: University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2009.

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A. W. van der Vaart. Weak convergence and empirical processes. New York: Springer, 1996.

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J, Kasitskaya Evgeniya, ed. Empirical Estimates in Stochastic Optimization and Identification. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002.

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Zi yuan huan jing yue shu xia de shi yi cheng shi hua jin cheng ce du li lun yu shi zheng yan jiu: Measuring theory and its empirical study on suitable urbanization process under constraint of the resources and environment. Beijing Shi: She hui ke xue wen xian chu ban she, 2011.

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Introduction to empirical processes and semiparametric inference. New York: Springer, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Empirical process theory"

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van de Geer, Sara. "Empirical Process Theory for Dual Norms." In Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 121–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32774-7_8.

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Csörgő, Miklós, Sándor Csörgő, and Lajos Horváth. "The Empirical Concentration Process of Goldie." In An Asymptotic Theory for Empirical Reliability and Concentration Processes, 100–129. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6420-1_13.

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Csörgő, Miklós, Sándor Csörgő, and Lajos Horváth. "Auxiliary Processes: Integrals of Empirical Process." In An Asymptotic Theory for Empirical Reliability and Concentration Processes, 34–38. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6420-1_3.

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Epstein, Seymour. "Cognitive-experiential self-theory: A dual-process personality theory with implications for diagnosis and psychotherapy." In Empirical perspectives on the psychoanalytic unconscious., 99–140. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10256-004.

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Csörgő, Miklós, Sándor Csörgő, and Lajos Horváth. "Discussion of Results on the Goldie Concentration Process." In An Asymptotic Theory for Empirical Reliability and Concentration Processes, 130–34. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6420-1_14.

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Listerborn, Carina, and Guy Baeten. "Struggling with Conceptual Framings to Understand Swedish Displacement Processes." In Socio-Spatial Theory in Nordic Geography, 207–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04234-8_12.

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AbstractResearch on displacement has a long trajectory in Western geography and urban studies. In a Swedish context theory formation around displacement re-emerged in the 2010s as a response to an increasingly heated housing market, increased gentrification and growing homelessness, and as a consequence of ‘renoviction’ processes. Learning from empirical research in Sweden, the Nordic experiences differ from the Anglo-American context, and set ground for a theoretical discussion on how to understand the specificities of displacement processes in (post-)welfare societies. In this chapter we investigate some Swedish manifestations of displacement that cannot easily be grasped by conceptual apparatuses often developed in an Anglo-American context. The process of displacement in a Swedish (and Nordic) context is often more indirect and slower but its eventual outcomes have the same damaging effects on its victims. The chapter provides both an historical and contemporary view of Swedish displacement processes and practices, and we argue that we cannot uncritically import a conceptual apparatus that grew out of other socio-spatial contexts and develop particular understandings of displacement based on Nordic empirical observations.
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Mohan, Anjali Karol. "Introduction—Exploring Urban ‘Southernness’: Praxes and Theory(s)." In Theorising Urban Development From the Global South, 1–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82475-4_1.

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AbstractThis volume stems from the call for a Southern urban theory, one that foregrounds both the specificity and generalizability of the Southern city. Reflecting this standpoint, this chapter validates the volume’s conceptualization of the Global South as a simultaneously homogeneous and heterogeneous geography. The homogeneous South refers to a relational geography of shared colonial histories and postcolonial development narratives, marked by formal institutional practices that seek to control, codify and categorize through a process of drawing boundaries onto empirical space. The heterogeneous South is the empirical space of urban realities that adopt, adapt, reject and transform boundaries ‘drawn onto’ into boundaries ‘drawn by’ and are marked by their temporal, incremental and flexible dynamics. Framing the Southern city as a result of the interaction between the two states—homogeneous and heterogeneous, the chapter discusses the interlinkages within and between the two along dimensions of power, intention and modality. In doing so, it highlights the potential for mutual learning as a conduit to developing a praxis-oriented theory that is capable of simultaneously constructing and deconstructing questions of the Global South.
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Stenner, A. Jackson. "Theory Referenced Measurement: Combining Substantive Theory and the Rasch Model." In Explanatory Models, Unit Standards, and Personalized Learning in Educational Measurement, 121–25. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3747-7_9.

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AbstractA construct theory is the story we tell about what it means to move up and down the scale for a variable of interest (e.g., temperature, reading ability, short term memory). Why is it, for example, that items are ordered as they are on the item map? The story evolves as knowledge regarding the construct increases. We call both the process and the product of this evolutionary unfolding "construct definition" (Stenner et al., Journal of Educational Measurement 20:305–316, 1983). Advanced stages of construct definition are characterized by calibration equations (or specification equations) that operationalize and formalize a construct theory. These equations, make point predictions about item behavior or item ensemble distributions. The more closely theoretical calibrations coincide with empirical item difficulties, the more useful the construct theory and the more interesting the story. Twenty-five years of experience in developing the Lexile Framework for Reading enable us to distinguish five stages of thinking. Each subsequent stage can be characterized by an increasingly sophisticated use of substantive theory. Evidence that a construct theory and its associated technologies have reached a given stage or level can be found in the artifacts, instruments, and social networks that are realized at each level.
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Shepherd, Dean A., and Holger Patzelt. "Theorizing and Entrepreneurship." In Entrepreneurial Theorizing, 1–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24045-4_1.

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AbstractBuilding theories is essential for advancing knowledge of entrepreneurship. But it is also a highly challenging task. Although there is a burgeoning literature that offers many theorizing tools, we lack a coherent understanding of how these tools fit together—when to use a particular tool, and which combination of tools can be used in the theorizing process. This article organizes a systematic review of the literature on theory building around the five critical elements of a good story: conflict, character, setting, sequence, and plot and arc. In doing so, we hope to provide a richer understanding of how specific tools facilitate aspects of the theorizing process and offer a clearer big picture of the process of building important new entrepreneurship theories. We also offer pragmatic empirical theorizing as an approach that uses quantitative empirical findings to stimulate theorizing on entrepreneurial anomalies.
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Rio, Emmanuel. "Empirical Distribution Functions." In Asymptotic Theory of Weakly Dependent Random Processes, 113–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54323-8_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Empirical process theory"

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Fan, Wang, Yang Xiaohu, Zhu Xiaochun, and Chen Lu. "Simulation of the defect removal process with queuing theory." In 2009 3rd International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esem.2009.5316005.

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Crabtree, Carlton A., Carolyn B. Seaman, and Anthony F. Norcio. "Exploring language in software process elicitation: A grounded theory approach." In 2009 3rd International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esem.2009.5315984.

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Tomiyama, Tetsuo. "A Design Process Model That Unifies General Design Theory and Empirical Findings." In ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1995-0168.

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Abstract This paper proposes a new design process model that unifies theoretical results of General Design Theory (GDT) and empirical findings obtained from design experiments. It first reviews the design process models that were developed within theoretical work on GDT. Then, we describe experimental work on design based on protocol analysis, which resulted in a cognitive design process model from which further a computable design process model was derived. While these experimental results are supposed to support the theoretical conclusions obtained from GDT, we could also find out incompatibilities. We then propose a new design process model, called the refinement design process model, that can unify both theoretical results of GDT and experimental finding obtained from design experiments. The refinement model has better agreements with experimental findings and suggests various issues as a guiding principle to develop a future, advanced CAD system that helps a designer to focus on functional information. We propose and illustrate the concepts of such an advanced CAD system equipped with intensive design knowledge, called a computational framework for knowledge intensive engineering.
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Ding, Fang, and Liu Jie. "An Empirical Study of Flexible Business Process Based on Modularity System Theory." In 2008 3rd International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Thechnology (ICCGI). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccgi.2008.35.

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Hashemitaheri, Maryam, Rinku Mittal, Harish Cherukuri, and Ramesh Singh. "Extracting the In-Process Structural Dynamics Parameters in Micro-Milling Operations." In ASME 2022 17th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2022-85621.

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Abstract Stability properties of micro-milling operations are characterized by the Stability Lobe Diagram (SLD). The material removal rates during micro-milling operations depend on the optimal values chosen for the depth of cut and also spindle speed. Theoretically, the stability boundary is calculated having the structural dynamics and the cutting parameters. However, some discrepancies are usually observed between the empirical results and the expected results that the theory supports. The driver of such a gap is that the dynamics is affected during machining operation by parameters such as the spindle speed, cutting loads, thermal changes, feed rate, etc whereas the theory is based on the structural dynamics parameters in the idle state of the machine (zero speed). Consequently, the selection of chatter-free values for cutting depth and spindle speed based on SLD in the idle state of the machine is not reliable. In addition, measuring structural dynamics parameters under cutting conditions is difficult. In this study, a novel approach is introduced to determine in-process structural dynamics parameters based on a multivariate Newton-Raphson method. Having the empirical SLD characterized by experimental data, our method tries to find the structural parameters under which the theory can support the given empirical SLD. Note that the theoretical SLD is usually characterized as a function of the cutting and structural dynamics parameters. Here our method follows the inverse flow and utilizes the empirical SLD to return the underlying parameters. The parameters returned by our method are those supported by the physics-based theories. Therefore, our approach is a hybrid method where the physics-based model is combined with the experimental results. For any given empirical SLD, with the cutting parameters fixed, the in-process structural dynamics parameters are determined using the proposed inverse approach. We use a multivariate Newton-Raphson method approach where through the iterations, an initial guess selected for the set of the parameters is adjusted step-by-step until the final set of the parameters can justify the empirical SLD based upon physics-based models.
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Walsh, E. J., D. H. Hernon, D. M. McEligot, M. R. D. Davies, and A. Bejan. "Application of Constructal Theory to Prediction of Boundary Layer Transition Onset." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-91166.

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Accurate transition onset modeling is a fundamental part of modern turbomachinery designs, where bypass transition is the dominant mechanism of transition to turbulence. Despite this situation a range of transition onset models exist primarily based upon both integral and local parameters within the boundary layer. All such transition models have empirical origins. To date the relationships between such models has not been forthcoming and hence lack of physical understanding of the transition process is evident. This paper details a new approach to transition modeling and provides a theoretically based approach to transition onset prediction by invoking a single principle developed within constructal theory. We not only present a new model but also demonstrate the equivalence between existing models by implementing the same theory. Such understanding of the transition onset problem may provide a new perspective towards more theoretically based transition onset models rather than empirical ones, although much work remains to be done in understanding the receptivity mechanisms within a laminar boundary layer.
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Gaižauskienė, Laura, and Živilė Tunčikienė. "Key performance indicators of compatibility process between knowledge workers and workplaces." In 11th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2020“. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2020.653.

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The study in this article reveals the main structure of indicators that should be used in order to measure compatibility process in knowledge-intense organizations. Due to shift of management logic of Fit theory and extencively accepted presumption of talent shortage, management of compatibility became in highlight. Many research organizations and business sector companies are using key performance indicators for managing compatibility, but there is lack of data how successfully public sector companies are using them. Created and proposed methodology of assessment is a preparation step of empirical research. The systemic analysis of indicators which are used in managing compatibility between knowledge workersand workplaces solutions in a dynamic approach were investigated to create application technique.
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Huang, Wei, and Wilson K. S. Chiu. "Heat and Mass Transfer in a CVD Optical Fiber Coating Process." In ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56320.

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In this paper, we study the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process used to hermetically coat optical fibers during draw. Temperature is calculated by coupling radiation and convection heat transfer by the reactor walls and gas flow with a radially-lumped heat transfer model for the moving optical fiber. Multi-component species diffusion is modeled using the Maxwell-Stefan equations. Gas-phase reaction kinetics is modeled using a 2-step chemical kinetics mechanism derived from RRKM theory with detailed kinetics data compiled from literature. Surface reaction kinetics are described using collision theory in which a sticking coefficient is used as an empirical parameter to predict surface reactions. A parameter study is carried out with various optical fiber inlet temperature and drawing speed, and validated with experiment results.
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Walsh, E. J., and R. Grimes. "Constructal Theory of the Minimum Requirements for Forced Convection Cooling Solutions." In ASME 2005 Summer Heat Transfer Conference collocated with the ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2005-72416.

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The advances in microfluidics and microelectronics bring with them the need to provide new cooling solutions for many applications. A number of technologies are under development for forced convection cooling at the microscale. This short paper, through the new constructal theory of Bejan, presents the minimum velocity requirements of any such technology to be truly useful in a new design. Thus the theory presented in this paper, should form the first step in the design process of any new forced cooling technology for mini-micro scale applications. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the use of the constructal theory provides a heightened level of understanding to the problem of forced convection, while simultaneously deriving the empirical correlations proposed in the literature over the past number of decades.
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Wang, Dennis, Rachel Kuhr, Kristen Kaufman, Richard Crawford, Kristin L. Wood, and Dan Jensen. "Empirical Analysis of Transformers in the Development of a Storyboarding Methodology." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-87420.

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Transforming products, or more generally transformers, are devices that change state in order to facilitate new, or enhance an existing, functionality. Mechanical transformers relate to products that reconfigure and can be advantageous by providing multiple functions, while often conserving space. A basic example is a foldable chair that can be stowed when not in use, but provides ergonomic and structural seating when deployed. Utilizing transformation can also lead to novel designs that combine functions across domains, such as an amphibious vehicle that provides both terrestrial and aquatic transportation. In order to harness these assets of transformation, the Transformational Design Theory [1] was developed. This theory outlines a set of principles and facilitators that describe and embody transformation for the purpose of systematically assisting the design of transformers. To build on this theory, this paper analyzes a repository of popular transformer toys. Transformer toys are chosen for this study because of their richness in displaying a variety of kinematic aspects of transformation. Through this process, new definitions to describe transformation are garnered and a set of guidelines are developed to further aid designers. The empirical data set of transformer toys is rich in information and provides a basis for application to other fields, such as robotics and consumer products. These insights, in conjunction with the use of storyboarding, create a new method of designing transformers. This paper presents the method and concludes with a validation exercise in the creation of a new transformer toy.
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Reports on the topic "Empirical process theory"

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Schuck-Zöller, Susanne, Sebastian Bathiany, Markus Dressel, Juliane El Zohbi, Elke Keup-Thiel, Diana Rechid, and Suhari Mirko. Developing criteria of successful processes in co-creative research. A formative evaluation scheme for climate services. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2022.541.

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Climate change and its socio-ecological impacts affect all sectors of society. To tackle the multiple risks of climate change the field of climate services evolved during the last decades. In this scientific field products to be applied in practice are developed in constant interaction between climate service providers and users. To judge the effectiveness of these co-creation endeavours, evaluation is crucial. At present, output and outcome assessments are conducted occasionally in this research field. However, the summative evaluation does not help to adjust the ongoing process of co-creation. Thus, our work focuses on the formative evaluation of co-creative development of science-based climate service products. As the first step, main characteristics of the product development process were identified empirically. Secondly, we determined the six sub- processes of climate service product development and related process steps. Thirdly, we selected the questions for the formative evaluation relevant to all the sub-processes and process-steps. Then, a literature review delivered the theoretical background for further work and revealed further quality aspects. These aspects from literature were brought together with our results from the empirical work. In the end, we created a new scheme of quality criteria and related assessment questions for the different sub-processes in climate services, based on both, empirical and theoretical work. As the authors take into account the process of co-production in a real-life case, the criteria and assessment questions proposed are operational and hands-on. The quality aspects refer to the five principles of applicability, theoretical and empirical foundation, professionalism, transparency of processes and the disclosure of preconditions. They are elaborated comprehensively in our study. The resulting formative evalu- ation scheme is novel in climate service science and practice and useful in improving the co-creation processes in climate services and beyond.
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Finkelstain, Israel, Steven Buccola, and Ziv Bar-Shira. Pooling and Pricing Schemes for Marketing Agricultural Products. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568099.bard.

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In recent years there has been a growing concern over the performance of Israel and U.S. agricultural marketing organizations. In Israel, poor performance of some marketing institutions has led to radical reforms. Examples are the two leading export industries - citrus and flowers. In the U.S., growth of local market power is eliminating competitive row product prices which served as the basis for farmer cooperative payment plans. This research studies, theoretically, several aspects of the above problem and develops empirical methods to assess their relative importance. The theoretical part deals with two related aspects of the operation of processing and marketing firms. The first is the technological structure of these firms. To this end, we formalize a detailed theory that describes the production process itself and the firm's decision. The model accounts for multiple products and product characteristics. The usefulness of the theory for measurement of productivity and pricing of raw material is demonstrated. The second aspect of the processing and marketing firm that we study is unique to the agricultural sector, where many such firms are cooperatives. In such cooperative an efficient and fair mechanism for purchasing raw materials from members is crucial to successful performances of the firm. We focus on: 1) pricing of raw materials. 2) comparison of employment of quota and price regimes by the cooperative to regulate the quantities, supplied by members. We take into consideration that the cooperative management is subject to pressure from member farmers. 3) Tier pricing for raw materials in order to ensure efficiency and zero profits at the cooperative level. This problem is examined in both closed and open cooperatives. The empirical part focuses in: 1) the development of methodologies for estimating demand for differentiated products; 2) assessing farmers response to component pricing; 3) measurement of potential and actual exploitation of market power by an agricultural marketing firm. The usefulness of the developed methodologies are demonstrated by several application to agricultural sub-sectors, including: U.S. dairy industry, Oregon wine industry, Israeli Cotton industry and Israeli Citrus industry.
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Kelly, Luke. Evidence on the Role of Civil Society in Security and Justice Reform. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.031.

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This rapid review focuses on the role of civil society in SSR in several contexts. It finds that donor driven SSR is seen to have failed to include civil society, and that such efforts have been focused on training and equipping security forces. However, in some contexts, donors have been able to successfully develop civil society capacity or engage civil society groups in reforms, as in Sierra Leone. There are also several examples of security and justice reforms undertaken by local popular movements as part of regime change, namely Ethiopia and South Africa. In other contexts, such as Indonesia, the role of civil society has led to partial successes from which lessons can be drawn. The theoretical and empirical literature attributes several potential roles to civil society in SSR. These include making security and justice institutions accountable, mobilising a range of social groups for reform, publicising abuses and advocating for reform, offering technical expertise, and improving security-citizen relations. The literature also points to the inherent difficulties in implementing SSR, namely the entrenched nature of most security systems. The literature emphasises that security sector reform is a political process, as authoritarian or predatory security systems are usually backed by powerful, skilled and tenacious vested interests. Dislodging them from power therefore requires significant political will – civil society can be one part of this. The evidence base for the topic is relatively thin. While there is much literature on the theory of SSR from a donor perspective, there are fewer empirical studies. Moreover, scholars have identified relatively few successful examples of SSR. The role of civil society is found to be greater in more economically developed countries, meaning there is less discussion of the role of civil society in many African SSR contexts, for example (except to note its absence). In addition, most research discusses the role of civil society alongside that of other actors such as donors, security services or political elites, limiting analysis of the specific role of civil society.
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Schluckebier, Kai. Intersections in contemporary traffic planning. Goethe-Universität, Institut für Humangeographie, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/gups.58866.

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In Germany, traffic planning still follows the tradition of modernist urban planning theory from the beginning of the 1930s and car-oriented city planning during the post-war period in West Germany. From a methodological perspective, the prevailing narrative is that traffic can be abstracted and modelled under laboratory conditions (in vitro) as a spatial movement process of individual neutral particles. The use of these laboratory experiments in traffic planning cannot be understood as a neutral application of experimental results, assumed to be true, in a variety of spatial contexts. Rather, it is an active practice of staging traffic according to a particular social interactionist paradigm. According to this, traffic is staged through interventions in planning authorities as well as the practices of people on the streets. In order to describe these staging conduits, traffic is ontologically thought of as a social order that is continuously reproduced situationally through interactions, following Erving Goffman and Harold Garfinkel. To investigate the staging conduits empirically, an ethnographic-inspired field study was conducted at Willy-Brandt-Platz in Frankfurt am Main in May and June 2020. Through situational mapping and observation of social interactions (in situ), knowledge about the staging of social orders was generated. These empirical findings are further embedded in debates that discuss traffic not only as a staging but also as an enactment of certain realities. Understanding planning practice as a political enactment, through which realities are not only described but also made, makes it possible for us to think and design alternative realities.
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Devereux, Stephen, and Anna Wolkenhauer. Agents, Coercive Learning, and Social Protection Policy Diffusion in Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.068.

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This paper makes theoretical, empirical, and methodological contributions to the study of social policy diffusion, drawing on the case of social protection in Africa, and Zambia in particular. We examine a range of tactics deployed by transnational agencies (TAs) to encourage the adoption of cash transfers by African governments, at the intersection between learning and coercion, which we term ‘coercive learning’, to draw attention to the important role played by TA-commissioned policy drafting, evidence generation, advocacy, and capacity-building activities. Next, we argue for making individual agents central in the analysis of policy diffusion, because of their ability to reflect, learn, and interpret policy ideas. We substantiate this claim theoretically by drawing on practice theories, and empirically by telling the story of social protection policy diffusion in Zambia through three individual agents. This is complemented by two instances of self-reflexivity in which the authors draw on their personal engagements in the policy process in Zambia, to refine our conclusions about the interplay of structure and agency.
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Bischoff, Thore Sören, Kaja von der Leyen, Simon Winkler-Portmann, Dierk Bauknecht, Kilian Bizer, Matthias Englert, Martin Führ, et al. Regulatory experimentation as a tool to generate learning processes and govern innovation, An analysis of 26 international cases. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627857.

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Regulatory experiments can be useful to guide complex transitions in the field of sustainable development. They help to understand the effects of policies and regulations and offer insights into the dynamics of social processes. Empirical studies analyzing heterogeneous samples of regulatory experiments are missing. This paper uses a qualitative content analysis to examine 26 international cases of regulatory experiments in the field of sustainable development. The results show the diversity of existing regulatory experiments in terms of their design. We use the results to formulate implications on how to use regulatory experiments that facilitate learning processes.
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Lvov, Michael S., and Halyna V. Popova. Simulation technologies of virtual reality usage in the training of future ship navigators. [б. в.], February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3758.

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Research goal: the research is aimed at the theoretical substantiation of the application of virtual reality technology simulators and their features in higher maritime educational institutions. Research objectives: to determine the role and place of simulation technology in the educational process in the training of future ship navigators in order to form the professional competence of navigation. Object of research: professional training of future ship navigators in higher maritime educational institutions. Subject of research: simulation technologies of virtual reality as a component of the educational process at higher educational maritime establishments. Research methods used: theoretical methods containing the analysis of scientific sources; empirical methods involving study and observation of the educational process. Research results: the analysis of scientific publications allows to define the concept of virtual reality simulators, their application in the training of future navigators, their use for assessing the acquired professional competence of navigation. Main conclusions: introduction of simulation technologies of virtual reality in the educational process in higher maritime educational institutions increases the efficiency of education, promotes the development of professional thinking of students, enhances the quality of professional competence development.
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Méndez-Vizcaíno, Juan C., Alexander Guarín, César Anzola-Bravo, and Anderson Grajales-Olarte. Characterizing and Communicating the Balance of Risks of Macroeconomic Forecasts: A Predictive Density Approach for Colombia. Banco de la República, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1178.

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Since July 2021, Banco de la República strengthened its forecasting process and communication instruments, by involving predictive densities on the projections of its models, PATACON and 4GM. This paper presents the main theoretical and empirical elements of the predictive density approach for macroeconomic forecasting. This model-based methodology allows to characterize the balance of risks of the economy, and quantify their effects through a joint probability distribution of forecasts. We estimate this distribution based on the simulation of DSGE models, preserving the general equilibrium relationships and their macroeconomic consistency. We also illustrate the technical criteria used to represent the prospective factors of risk through the probability distributions of shocks.
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Czajka, Leo, Florence Kondylis, Bassirou Sarr, and Mattea Stein. Data Management at the Senegalese Tax Authority: Insights from a Long-term Research Collaboration. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.020.

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As they increasingly adopt digital infrastructure, public administrations worldwide are increasingly collecting, generating and managing data. Empirical researchers are, at the same time, collaborating more and more with administrations, accessing vast amounts of data, and setting new research agendas. These collaborations have taken place in low-income countries in particular, where administrative data can be a valuable substitute for scarce survey data. However, the transition to a full-fledged digital administration can be a long and difficult process, sharply contrasting the common leap-frog narrative. Based on observations made during a five-year research collaboration with the Senegalese tax administration, this qualitative case study discusses the main data management challenges the tax administration faces. Much progress has recently been made with the modernisation of the administration’s digital capacity ,and adoption of e-filling and e-payment systems. However, there remains substantial scope for the administration to enhance data management and improve its efficiency in performing basic tasks, such as the identification of active taxpayers or the detection of various forms of non-compliance. In particular, there needs to be sustained investment in human resources specifically trained in data analysis. Recently progress has been made through creating – in collaboration with the researchers – a ‘datalab’ that now works to improve processes to collect, clean, merge and use data to improve revenue mobilisation.
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Whelan, Sally, Gabriella Ledis, Alayna Menecola, Madie Schulte, Giavanna Semiao, Arlene Mannion, and Geraldine Leader. Exploring the resilience of adults with autism spectrum disorder: A Scoping Review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.4.0049.

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Review question / Objective: This review aims to explore resilience in the context of autistic adults. To fulfil this aim, the review has the following objectives: • To explore how adults with autism experience and perceive their resilience. • To identify how empirical research has defined and measured resilience in populations of adults with autism. • To identify how resilience in autistic adults can be understood in terms of the resilience process. • To identify factors that can support the resilience of adults with autism. Condition being studied: Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition that has core features of intense interests, affective and social interaction difficulties, and a preference for repetitive behaviours (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Resilience has been defined as an outcome, and/or a process through which people use resources to adapt positively to adversity, stress, or trauma (Windle, 2011).
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