Journal articles on the topic 'Empirical IO'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Empirical IO.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Empirical IO.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Velte, Patrick. "Institutional ownership, environmental, social, and governance performance and disclosure – a review on empirical quantitative research." Problems and Perspectives in Management 18, no. 3 (September 22, 2020): 282–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(3).2020.24.
Full textAbstract:
Since the financial crisis of 2008–2009, nonfinancial-related shareholder activism increased, as public interest entities (PIEs) should strengthen their environmental, social, and governance (ESG) activities. This study aims to determine whether institutional ownership (IO) impacts ESG performance and disclosure and vice versa. Moreover, IO’s moderating and mediating influence on the relationship between ESG and firms’ financial consequences is included. This is the first literature review focusing on IO and ESG, describing IO as independent, dependent, moderator, and mediator variable. A structured literature review with 81 empirical-quantitative (archival) studies on that topic is presented based on an agency theoretical framework. Regarding the main results, long-term IO leads to increased ESG performance. Moreover, ESG performance promotes the ratio of institutional investors. Other relationships are rather heterogeneous and too low in an amount yet, stressing major research gaps.
2
Wisnantiasri, Sila Ninin. "Do dividends still matter? The role of investment opportunities on the ability of dividends to predict future earnings." Journal of Accounting and Investment 24, no. 2 (April 8, 2023): 519–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jai.v24i2.17016.
Full textAbstract:
Research aims: This study investigates the role of firm characteristics explained by the investment opportunity (IO) on the ability of dividends to predict future earnings.Design/Methodology/Approach: This study performed an empirical study on firms listed in the consumer goods sub-sector on the Indonesian Stock Exchange, divided into companies with strong and weak IO categories to clearly see the role of IO by comparing the variable dividend coefficients of the two sample categories. Through purposive sampling, the researcher determined the research sample, totaling 42 firm samples for the weak IO category and 48 firm samples for the strong IO category. Then, the multiple regression analysis utilizing IBM SPSS Statistic Version 23 was employed to analyze the relationship between variables.Research findings: Surprisingly, companies with weak IO showed a more remarkable ability to predict future earnings than companies with strong IO because the dividend coefficient of companies with weak IO was higher than that of strong IO, denoting that the number could explain the strength of ability.Theoretical contribution/Originality: The result provides alternative explanations to the previous inconsistent results from the dividend's ability to predict future earnings. The result also supports the argument that the companies with weak IO may use dividends to convey information signals and compensate the investor for unsatisfied performance, which is called counter-signal when strong IO refrain from doing so and rely on additional information.Practitioner/Policy implication: Investors should notice companies' characteristics, such as investment opportunities, while considering dividends as a signal for future performance to make an investment decision. Research limitation/Implication: The research did not fully capture all companies in Indonesian Stock Exchange, but specifically for the companies’ sub-sector that aggressively paid the dividend. Thus, future research is hoped to provide empirical studies for other sector companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange to enrich alternative explanations.
3
Bagenal, Fran. "Empirical model of the Io plasma torus: Voyager measurements." Journal of Geophysical Research 99, A6 (1994): 11043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93ja02908.
Full text
4
Commane, R., K. Seitz, C. S. E. Bale, W. J. Bloss, J. Buxmann, T. Ingham, U. Platt, D. Pöhler, and D. E. Heard. "Iodine monoxide at a clean marine coastal site: observations of high frequency variations and inhomogeneous distributions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 2 (February 8, 2011): 4533–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-4533-2011.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The first in situ point observations of iodine monoxide (IO) at a clean marine site were made using a laser-induced fluorescence instrument deployed at Mace Head, Ireland in August 2007. IO mixing ratios of up to 49.8 pptv (1 s) were observed at day-time low tide, well in excess of previous observed spatially-averaged maxima. A strong anti-correlation of IO with tide height was evident and the high time resolution of the observations showed IO peaked in the hour after low tide. The temporal delay in IO peak compared to low tide has not been observed previously but coincides with the time of peak aerosol number previously observed at Mace Head. A long path-differential optical absorption spectroscopy instrument (with a 2 × 6.8 km folded path across Roundstone Bay) was also based at the site for 3 days during the point measurement observation period. Both instruments show similar temporal trends but the point measurements of IO are a factor of ~6–10 times greater than the spatially averaged IO mixing ratios, providing empirical evidence of the presence of inhomogeneities in the IO mixing ratio near the intertidal region.
5
Commane, R., K. Seitz, C. S. E. Bale, W. J. Bloss, J. Buxmann, T. Ingham, U. Platt, D. Pöhler, and D. E. Heard. "Iodine monoxide at a clean marine coastal site: observations of high frequency variations and inhomogeneous distributions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 13 (July 13, 2011): 6721–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-6721-2011.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The first in situ point observations of iodine monoxide (IO) at a clean marine site were made using a laser-induced fluorescence instrument deployed at Mace Head, Ireland in August 2007. IO mixing ratios of up to 49.8 pptv (equivalent to pmol mol−1; 1 s average) were observed at day-time low tide, well in excess of previous observed spatially-averaged maxima. A strong anti-correlation of IO mixing ratios with tide height was evident and the high time resolution of the observations showed IO peaked in the hour after low tide. The temporal delay in peak IO compared to low tide has not been observed previously but coincides with the time of peak aerosol number previously observed at Mace Head. A long path-differential optical absorption spectroscopy instrument (with a 2 × 6.8 km folded path across Roundstone Bay) was also based at the site for 3 days during the point measurement observation period. Both instruments show similar temporal trends but the point measurements of IO are a factor of ~6–10 times greater than the spatially averaged IO mixing ratios, providing direct empirical evidence of the presence of inhomogeneities in the IO mixing ratio near the intertidal region.
6
Merner, Bronwen, Casey M. Haining, Lindy Willmott, Julian Savulescu, and Louise A. Keogh. "Institutional objection to abortion: A mixed-methods narrative review." Women's Health 19 (January 2023): 174550572311523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17455057231152373.
Full textAbstract:
Institutional objection (IO) occurs when institutions providing health care claim objector status and refuse to provide legally permissible health services such as abortion. IO may be regulated by sources including law, ethical codes and policies (including State and local/institutional policies). We conducted a mixed-methods narrative review of the empirical evidence exploring IO to abortion provision globally, to inform areas for further research. MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), Global Health (CAB Abstracts), ScienceDirect and Scopus were searched in August 2021 using keywords including ‘conscientious objection’, ‘faith-based organizations’, ‘religious hospitals’ and ‘abortion’. Eligible research focused on clinicians’ attitudes and experiences of IO to abortion. The 28 studies included in the review were from nine countries: United States (19), Chile (2), Turkey (1), Argentina (1), Australia (1), Colombia (1), Ghana (1), Poland (1) and South Africa (1). The analysis demonstrated that IO was claimed in a range of countries, despite different legislative and policy frameworks. There was strong evidence from the United States that clinicians in religious healthcare institutions were less likely to provide abortions and abortion referrals, and that training of future abortion providers was negatively affected by IO. Qualitative evidence from other countries showed that IO was claimed by secular as well as religious institutions, and individual conscientious objection could be used as a mechanism for imposing IO. Further research is needed to explore whether IO is morally justified, how decisions are made to claim IO, and on what grounds. Finally, appropriate models for regulating IO are needed to ensure the protection of women’s access to abortion. Such models could be informed by those used to regulate IO in other contexts, such as voluntary assisted dying.
7
Abetz, Linda, Jean Francois Baladi, Paula Jones, and Diana Rofail. "Transfusion and Iron Overload in Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease: Impact of Infusion Chelation Therapy on Quality of Life." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 5570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.5570.5570.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction: Blood transfusions are required as supportive care in thalassaemia and sickle cell patients. Regular blood transfusions may result in iron overload (IO) and, left untreated, in morbidity and earlier morality. Current infusion chelation therapy (ICT) requires 8–12 hour infusions, 5–7 days per week, potentially limiting quality of life (QoL) and inhibiting adherence in patients already limited by thalassaemia and sickle cell disease. Methods: To assess the impact of ICT on the QoL of patients with thalassemia and sickle cell disease and adherence, a literature review in Medline (539 abstracts; 130 articles), analysis of IO patient transcripts (4 thalassaemia, 1 sickle cell disease) and five IO clinical expert interviews were conducted. Results: Few published studies (11) used validated QoL instruments and even fewer assessed IO in thalassaemia (4) and sickle cell patients (7). No IO-specific QoL instruments were found. ICT in sickle cell patients may cause additional needle-site pain/discomfort, and may impact on evening social life and sleep, recreational activities, as well as emotional and physical well-being, occupational capacity and feelings of independence. ICT in thalassaemia patients may impact on emotional wellbeing such as self-esteem and worry about the future, family relationships and development of intimate relationships. Published articles and patient and clinician input suggested that QoL impact inhibited prescription of and adherence to ICT and therefore there is a need for easier, efficacious and safe oral chelation therapy (OCT). Discussion: Limited empirical studies assessed ICT’s impact on QoL in patients with thalassaemia or sickle cell disease, though results indicated that ICT’s QoL impact is significant and prescription and adherence rates would likely improve with OCT. We recommend further qualitative and empirical studies to assess the impact of ICT and OCT in IO patients with thalassaemia and sickle cell patients, using validated instruments.
8
Lin, Ping-Ping, Deng-Feng Li, Bin-Qian Jiang, Gao-Feng Yu, and An-Peng Wei. "EVALUATING THE COMPREHENSIVE IMPACTS OF TOURISM IN HAINAN BY INTERGRATING INPUT-OUTPUT MODEL WITH MCDM METHODS." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 26, no. 5 (June 23, 2020): 989–1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tede.2020.12706.
Full textAbstract:
To evaluate the comprehensive impacts of tourism in Hainan, this paper proposes an approach integrating input-output (IO) model with multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods. Four steps are taken: (1) constructing an extended IO model that can separate out domestic and imported effects from the traditional IO system; (2) constituting a 3-level evaluation criteria hierarchy based on various tourism multipliers obtained from the extended IO model; (3) calculating the weights of criteria using the entropy theory; (4) giving an evaluation of comprehensive impacts of tourism based on four MCDM methods – WSM, TOPSIS, ELECTRE, and PROMETHEE. Using Hainan 2002, 2007, and 2012 IO tables as database, the proposed approach is implemented in the empirical study of Hainan. The results show economic dimension is the most important consideration and the overall performance of tourism in Hainan shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing from 2002 to 2012. Two types sensitivity analysis of weights show single criterion weight change has little influence on the results. But it is different when four dimensions weights change. Especially, when the environmental dimension is valued, the overall performance gets worse annually. These findings can offer insightful policies for the development of Hainan’s tourism.
9
Squatrito, Theresa, Magnus Lundgren, and Thomas Sommerer. "Shaming by international organizations: Mapping condemnatory speech acts across 27 international organizations, 1980–2015." Cooperation and Conflict 54, no. 3 (March 5, 2019): 356–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836719832339.
Full textAbstract:
In the face of escalating conflicts or atrocities, international organizations (IOs), alongside non-governmental organizations (NGOs), often vocalize public condemnation. Researchers have examined NGO shaming, but no extant literature has comparatively explored if, how and why IOs shame. This article fills this gap. We conceptualize IO shaming as condemnatory speech acts and distinguish between the agent, targets and actions of shaming. We theorize how compliance and socialization are motives that lead IOs to shame. Empirically, we use new data on more than 3000 instances of IO shaming, covering 27 organizations between 1980 and 2015 to examine empirical patterns across the three dimensions of agents, targets and actions. We find that the majority of IOs do employ shaming but to varying degrees. Global, general-purpose IOs shame the most and regional, task-specific IOs the least. IOs mainly shame states, but there is a rise in the targeting of non-state and unnamed actors. While many condemned acts relate to human rights and security issues, IOs shame actions across the policy spectrum. These findings indicate that IO shaming is driven by compliance and socialization motives and that it is a wider phenomenon than previously recognized, suggesting possible avenues for further inquiry.
10
Abdallah, Ayman Bahjat, Samer Eid Dahiyat, and Yoshiki Matsui. "Lean management and innovation performance." Management Research Review 42, no. 2 (February 18, 2019): 239–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-10-2017-0363.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of innovation orientation (IO) on both the implementation levels of soft and hard lean management (LM), as well as innovation performance. It also aims at exploring the effects of soft and hard LM on innovation performance. Design/methodology/approach The study analyzes survey data collected as a part of a high-performance manufacturing (HPM) project from 238 international manufacturing companies in eight countries and three industries. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were applied to assess construct validity. The study hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. Findings The results demonstrated that innovation-oriented companies tend to adopt aspects of both soft and hard LM. However, the results revealed an insignificant effect of soft and hard LM on innovation performance. The study also showed that innovation performance is positively influenced by an IO. These results indicate that having an IO is vital for enhancing both LM as well as innovation performance. They also evidently suggest that LM is more related to continuous improvement (incremental innovation) rather than (radical) innovation and, as such, is not important for firm’s intent on enhancing their innovation performance. Practical implications The current study demonstrates that IO and LM are complementary and not contradicting strategies. The two strategies share many cultural aspects, similarities and commonalities. However, LM is not sufficient to predict innovation performance. Managers of the surveyed manufacturing firms are advised to focus on IO, as it has beneficial impacts on both LM (continuous improvement initiatives) as well as innovation performance. This clearly indicates that placing the emphasis upon radical (innovative) improvement rather than incremental improvement (LM practices) is believed to support continuous and innovative improvement alike. Originality/value The relationship between LM and innovation is debated in the existing literature, but the debate is characterized by a lack of empirical evidence. This is one of the first studies that empirically investigates the relationships between IO, LM and innovation performance. It identifies some new insights to direct future research, particularly regarding different innovation types as well as in service organizations.
11
Lall, Ranjit. "Beyond Institutional Design: Explaining the Performance of International Organizations." International Organization 71, no. 2 (2017): 245–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818317000066.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractInternational organizations (IOs) have long been a central focus of scholarship in international relations, yet we know remarkably little about their performance. This article offers an explanation for differences in the performance of IOs and tests it using the first quantitative data set on the topic. I argue that the primary obstacle to effective institutional performance is not deviant behavior by IO officials—as conventional “rogue-agency” analyses suggest—but the propensity of states to use IOs to promote narrow national interests rather than broader organizational objectives. IOs that enjoy policy autonomy vis-à-vis states will thus exhibit higher levels of performance. However, in the international context policy autonomy cannot be guaranteed by institutional design. Instead, it is a function of (1) the existence of (certain types of) institutionalized alliances between IOs and actors above and below the state; and (2) the technical complexity of IO activities. I provide empirical evidence for the argument by constructing and analyzing a cross-sectional data set on IO performance—based in part on a new wave of official government evaluations of IOs and in part on an original survey of IO staff—and conducting a comparative case study in the realm of global food security.
12
Li, Zimeng, and Hidenori Aiki. "The 1994 Positive Indian Ocean Dipole Event as Investigated by the Transfer Routes of Oceanic Wave Energy." Journal of Physical Oceanography 52, no. 3 (March 2022): 459–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-21-0189.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The present study investigates the interannual variability of the tropical Indian Ocean (IO) based on the transfer routes of wave energy in a set of 61-yr hindcast experiments using a linear ocean model. To understand the basic feature of the IO dipole mode, this paper focuses on the 1994 pure positive event. Two sets of westward transfer episodes in the energy flux associated with Rossby waves (RWs) are identified along the equator during 1994. One set represents the same phase speed as the linear theory of equatorial RWs, while the other set is slightly slower than the theoretical phase speed. The first set originates from the reflection of equatorial Kelvin waves at the eastern boundary of the IO. On the other hand, the second set is found to be associated with off-equatorial RWs generated by southeasterly winds in the southeastern IO, which may account for the appearance of the slower group velocity. A combined empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of energy-flux streamfunction and potential reveals the intense westward signals of energy flux are attributed to off-equatorial RWs associated with predominant wind input in the southeastern IO corresponding to the positive IO dipole event. Significance Statement The present study gains a new insight into the mechanism of the Indian Ocean dipole events using a new diagnostic scheme for wave energy based on 61-yr hindcast experiments. The results have shown the existence of two sets of westward transfer of wave energy at the equator during 1994. One set of westward signals shows the same group velocity with theoretical equatorial Rossby waves that appear reasonably along the equator. The other set of westward signals at the equator represents a slightly slower group velocity than the theoretical equatorial Rossby waves, which is associated with abnormally extended southeasterly winds during the Indian Ocean dipole event.
13
Wang, Dan, Liang Yan, and Fangli Ruan. "A Combined IO-DEMATEL Analysis for Evaluating Sustainable Effects of the Sharing Related Industries Development." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (May 6, 2022): 5592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095592.
Full textAbstract:
Emerging economies suffer more severe pressure to coordinate sustainable production and consumption, and new industry input–output (IO) solutions are urgent. An emerging service supply and consumption mode, the sharing economy (SE) penetrates various industries and rewrites the technological–economic links between sectors via integrating scattered and idle resources. The sustainable effects of such industrial linkages changes triggered by its specific activities remain unclear. The study aims to clarify the mechanism of SE in coordinating the relationship between production and consumption among industries and demonstrate its particular role in cleaner production and sustainable consumption to reveal its multistage and systematic impact on industrial development through input–output linkages. Grounded on the IO and complex systems theory, we establish an IO-DEMATEL industrial development evaluation model embedded in the IO table. The comparative analysis of IO cross-sectional data in 2007 and 2018 deduces the dynamic evolution of industrial interaction and structure under the penetration of SE, as well as its contributions to the national economy in China. The result reveals that sharing activities raise the industry prominence moderately and promote the cleanliness and resource-conservation of industrial connections. However, the prominence of the five sectors regarding input, output, or comprehensive influence currently ranks in the lower-middle levels among all industries. Industrial structure optimization has only been observed on the supply side. Our findings complement a deepened empirical evidence of SE and its sustainability, which is also of practical significance for policymakers to identify the critical industries that conduct cleaner production and sustainable consumption.
14
Wang, Mei-Ling. "Student Learning Outcomes Assessment for an Information Organization Curriculum Based on the Kirkpatrick Framework." Libri 68, no. 1 (March 26, 2018): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/libri-2017-0046.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This study aimed to use the Kirkpatrick four-stage model to evaluate the learning outcomes of information organization (IO) courses. The study used the learning outcomes evaluation method and case studies; the evaluation method was used to transform the expected achievement and course goal according to cataloging competencies. The 3-credit “information organization” (IO) course at National Chengchi University and enrolled students during the 2016 fall semester were selected as the case study, with the study population consisting of 33 graduate students of two classes. Cataloging competencies were transformed into learning objectives and ten course units for the IO course, including information organization concept, descriptive cataloging, subject analysis, cataloging management and technology. The study used the four–stage Kirkpatrick model to evaluate student learning outcomes of the IO course, including evaluation of the level 1 reaction, level 2 learning, level 3 behavior and level 4 results. The empirical data collected from the course tasks was used to evaluate level 2 through three assignments, four tests and a final examination, while a questionnaire survey was used to evaluate levels 1, 3 and 4, with the student satisfaction score 4.51, shown with the IO course. As the average student achievement score was 83.48 points, the post-test scores of two classes’ graduate students were significantly higher than pre-test scores, with the study thus proving that all students made progress after taking the courses. Based on the Kirkpatrick model, the results provide favorable evidence for course effectiveness and its value, as well as illustrating that the students learned well on the information organization course.
15
Urooj, Amena, and Zahid Asghar. "Evaluation of Test Statistics for Detection of Outliers and Shifts." Journal of Quantitative Methods 4, no. 2 (October 23, 2020): 54–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29145/2020/jqm/040203.
Full textAbstract:
Existence of outliers and structural breaks having mutually unknown nature, in time series data, offer challenges to data analysts in model identification, estimation and validation. Detection of these outliers has been an important area of research in time series since long. To analyze the impact of these structural breaks and outliers on model identification, estimation and their inferential analysis, we use two data generating processes: MA(1) and ARMA(1,1). The performance of the test statistics for detecting additive outlier(AO), innovative outlier(IO), level shift(LS) and transient change(TC) is investigated using simulation strategy through power of a test, empirical level of significance, empirical critical values, misspecification frequencies and sampling distribution of estimators for the two models. The empirical critical values are found higher than the theoretical cut-off points, empirical power of the test statistics is not satisfactory for small sample size, large cut-off points and large model coefficient. We have explored confusion between LS, AO, TC and IO at different critical values(c) by varying sample size. We have also collected empirical evidence from time series data for Pakistan using 3-stage iterative procedure to detect multiple outliers and structural breaks. We find that neglecting shocks lead to wrong identification, biased estimation and excess kurtosis.
JEL Classification Codes: C15, C18, C63, C32, C87, C51, C52, C82
AMS Classification Codes: 62, 65, 91, DI, 62-08, 62J20, 00A72, 91-08, 91-10, 91-11 62P20, 91B82, 91B84, 62M07, 62M09, 62M10, 62M15, 62M20
16
Sarah Ahmed. "Financial Sustainability and Financial Performance: The Moderating Role of Type of Ownership in Pakistan." Journal of Accounting and Finance in Emerging Economies 6, no. 4 (December 4, 2020): 1181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jafee.v6i4.1478.
Full textAbstract:
The study is conducted with the objective to investigate the impact of firm performance (FP) on Financial sustainability (FS) in a developing nation, Pakistan and additionally to see the moderating role of type of ownership i.e. Institutional Ownership (IO) or Managerial Ownership (MO) in the FP-FS relationship. Sample of the study included all the non-financial firms listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange PSX and period covered is from 2009-2018. In total there are 2734 observations. Empirical results of the study suggests that FP has a positive relationship with FS but the relation is not significant. Moreover, findings indicate this relationship is significantly positively moderated by Intuitional Ownership (IO) whereas the relationship is not significant under the moderation impact of Managerial Ownership (MO).
17
Cook, Daniel, John Pfeiffer, Joseph Peterson, Nicole Liadis, Matthew Biancalana, Dorys A. Lopez-Ramos, Tushar Pandey, John Cole, and Anuja K. Antony. "Abstract 3159: Next generation immuno-oncology tumor profiling using a biophysics-based biomarker to predict immunotherapy response in early-stage breast cancer." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 3159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3159.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background: Immuno-oncology (IO) therapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies, have emerged as promising treatments for early-stage breast cancer (ESBC). Although immunotherapy is standard-of-care for ESBC, the number of benefiting patients remains small, and the therapy itself can prompt severe immune-related adverse events. To date, efforts to identify biomarkers of IO response, such as those targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling axis, have failed to robustly demarcate predictive features that translate across cohorts. Here, we applied an integrative computational approach to develop the IOScope biomarker, which predicts IO response in ESBC. Our method overcomes many of the limitations of invasive, costly, and time-consuming IO response analyses derived from transcriptomics data, and advances beyond the inability of single-site biopsies to account for tumor heterogeneity. Methods: We analyzed single-cell and whole-tissue RNA-seq data from non-IO treated ESBC patients in the I-SPY trials, as well as 23 manually-curated gene expression signatures representing the “hallmarks of cancer”, in order to associate PD-L1 levels with local tumor biology. We then correlated PD-L1 expression to biophysical features derived from patient DCE-MRIs to generate the IOScope biomarker. We quantified IOScope within patient tumors using integrative computational modeling and developed a corresponding IOScope Score. The IOScope biomarker and Score were then applied to data from IO-treated patients in the I-SPY2 clinical trial to assess their performance in predicting pCR in response to IO therapy. We additionally validated IOScope in a virtual clinical trial, comparing pCR rates to empirical data. Results: We validated the IOScope biomarker and the IOScope Score in a small, independent cohort of IO-treated patients (n=17) and correctly predicted pCR response in 15/17 individuals (88.2% accuracy, comprising 10/12 in TNBC and 5/5 in HR+/HER2-). We further applied the IOScope Score in a virtual clinical trial (N = 292) simulating IO administration in IO-naïve cohort (Virtual Tumor Bank, SimBioSys, Inc.). Using this approach, we predicted an increase in pCR rates of 28.5% (TNBC) and 8.9% (HR+/HER2-) with the addition of IO therapy to a standard chemotherapy background. These predicted increases in pCR rate compare favorably to published rates increases produced by IO in both cancer subtypes. Conclusion: The IOScope biomarker and IOScope Score represent a next generation approach using integrative computational and biophysical analysis to assess cancer responsiveness to immunotherapy. This biomarker, predicated on MRI-derived tumor microenvironmental features, allows for immuno-oncology profiling of tumors in a rapid, non-invasive manner and may confer high clinical decision impact to further enable personalized oncologic care. Citation Format: Daniel Cook, John Pfeiffer, Joseph Peterson, Nicole Liadis, Matthew Biancalana, Dorys A. Lopez-Ramos, Tushar Pandey, John Cole, Anuja K. Antony. Next generation immuno-oncology tumor profiling using a biophysics-based biomarker to predict immunotherapy response in early-stage breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3159.
18
Thomas, N., D. E. Innes, and R. Lieu. "Three-Dimensional Modelling of EUVE Observations of the Io Plasma Torus." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 152 (1996): 457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100036381.
Full textAbstract:
First results from a 3-D model of EUVE observations of the Io Plasma Torus are reported. The semi-empirical model calculations follow a method previously used to describe visible and near-UV emissions. The extension to EUV wavelengths is described. Several EUV emissions have been successfully modelled although some discrepancies remain at this stage. Most EUV emissions peak at a jovicentric distance of ≈ 5.8 RJ. The observed dawn-dusk asymmetry of the torus was well fitted with a shift parameter (ϵ) of 0.03. The modelling also indicates that optical depth effects need to be considered for several EUV emission lines.
19
Graham, Erin R. "Money and multilateralism: how funding rules constitute IO governance." International Theory 7, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 162–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752971914000414.
Full textAbstract:
International relations scholarship largely accepts that multilateralism lies at the heart of the liberal international order and is instantiated in formal, intergovernmental organizations. This paper revisits the conventional wisdom regarding the multilateral character of international organization (IO) governance by drawing attention to the funding methods used to finance contemporary IOs. I argue that different funding rules constitute different modes of governance. While mandatory funding rules are easily reconciled with traditional conceptions of multilateralism, voluntary rules are not. In particular, restricted voluntary funding rules devolve authority over funding decisions to individual actors, undercutting the collective decision making that is central to multilateral governance. I demonstrate the relevance of the argument in the case of the United Nations, which has transformed from an institution reliant primarily on mandatory contributions, to one disproportionately reliant on restricted, voluntary funds. The counterintuitive result is an increasingly bilateral United Nations. The paper contributes to our understanding of the relationship between multilateralism and IO governance, and has implications for literature related to institutional design, delegation, and development aid. In addition, it raises empirical and normative questions regarding reliance on voluntary funding.
20
Fauzi, Hasan, Lois Mahoney, and Azhar Abdul Rahman. "Institutional Ownership and Corporate Social Performance: Empirical Evidence from Indonesian Companies." Issues In Social And Environmental Accounting 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2007): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.22164/isea.v1i2.21.
Full textAbstract:
Prior research on the relationships of institutional ownership and corporate social responsibility has focused on North American (U.S. and Canada) and European companies. With the passage of Indonesian Law No. 40 in 2007, Indonesian companies are now obligated to conduct CSP. As these companies objected to the passage of this law, awareness of how CSP may benefit Indonesian companies in terms of its positive impact on institutional investors needs to be investigated. Thus, this paper examines the relationships of IO and CSP for Indonesian companies. Unfortunately, contrary to the results for North American and European companies, we found no relationships between institutional ownership and corporate social responsibility for Indonesian companies. This finding suggests that most institutional investors do not include CSP as part of their investment decisions. <br /><br />
21
ÇIRPICI, Yasemin Asu. "Dependency on Imported Intermediates in Turkey: Two Different IO Approach." Fiscaoeconomia 7, no. 1 (January 25, 2023): 660–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.25295/fsecon.1186260.
Full textAbstract:
Import dependency on intermediates is an important problem in the Turkish economy. Therefore it is subject to many empirical studies. These studies mostly depend on Input Output (IO) tables. In this study, we calculated the import requirement ratio (IRR) from the 2018 IO Table for Türkiye. Also, we weighted the IRR values by the value-added percentage of the sectors (IRR-VA) and compare the results with the pure IRR values. It is seen that most of the sector rankings change significantly. According to the pure IRR calculations, the sectors that are most dependent on the imported intermediates are Coke and refined petroleum products, Electrical equipment, Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers, Rubber and plastics products, Chemical and chemical products, and Machinery and equipment, nec. On the other hand, IRR-VA calculations result in Construction, Electrical equipment, Transport, storage and communications, Coke and refined petroleum products, Food products, beverages and tobacco, Textiles, textile products, leather and footwear sectors. This indicates that a careful analysis is needed when it comes how to determine the import dependency.
22
Setiyowati, Rahayu, and Rudi Setiadi Tjahjono. "Likuiditas, Leverage, dan Pertumbuhan Entitas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan." E-Jurnal Akuntansi TSM 2, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 503–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34208/ejatsm.v2i4.1819.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence regarding the influence of independent variables, namely profitability (ROA), liquidity (CR), company size (SIZE), leverage (DAR), managerial ownership (MO), asset growth (AG), and institutional ownership (IO) on the dependent variable, namely company value (PBV). The population used in this study was all non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2018 to 2020. Sampling using the purposive sampling method, there were 98 non-financial companies that matched the criteria used in this study. The data of this study were analyzed using the multiple regression method. The results of this study show that profitability (ROA) and leverage (DAR), positively affects the value of the company (PBV). Meanwhile, asset growth (AG) negatively affects the company's value (PBV). But liquidity (CR), company size (SIZE), managerial ownership (MO), and institutional ownership (IO) have no effect on the value of the company (PBV).
23
Mankoff, Kenneth D., Xavier Fettweis, Peter L. Langen, Martin Stendel, Kristian K. Kjeldsen, Nanna B. Karlsson, Brice Noël, et al. "Greenland ice sheet mass balance from 1840 through next week." Earth System Science Data 13, no. 10 (October 29, 2021): 5001–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5001-2021.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The mass of the Greenland ice sheet is declining as mass gain from snow accumulation is exceeded by mass loss from surface meltwater runoff, marine-terminating glacier calving and submarine melting, and basal melting. Here we use the input–output (IO) method to estimate mass change from 1840 through next week. Surface mass balance (SMB) gains and losses come from a semi-empirical SMB model from 1840 through 1985 and three regional climate models (RCMs; HIRHAM/HARMONIE, Modèle Atmosphérique Régional – MAR, and RACMO – Regional Atmospheric Climate MOdel) from 1986 through next week. Additional non-SMB losses come from a marine-terminating glacier ice discharge product and a basal mass balance model. From these products we provide an annual estimate of Greenland ice sheet mass balance from 1840 through 1985 and a daily estimate at sector and region scale from 1986 through next week. This product updates daily and is the first IO product to include the basal mass balance which is a source of an additional ∼24 Gt yr−1 of mass loss. Our results demonstrate an accelerating ice-sheet-scale mass loss and general agreement (coefficient of determination, r2, ranges from 0.62 to 0.94) among six other products, including gravitational, volume, and other IO mass balance estimates. Results from this study are available at https://doi.org/10.22008/FK2/OHI23Z (Mankoff et al., 2021).
24
Ciaschini, Clio, Margherita Carlucci, Francesco Maria Chelli, Giuseppe Ricciardo Lamonica, and Luca Salvati. "The Industrial Pattern of Italian Regions: A Disaggregated Sectoral Analysis Based on Input–Output Tables." Economies 10, no. 12 (November 28, 2022): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies10120300.
Full textAbstract:
Italy joined the so-called ‘Industry 4.0’ European framework in 2016, which designed and approved a national plan to regulate this key issue for regional development. To better support such a framework, the present study attempts to quantify the contribution of the Italian regions to the output formation process. More specifically, a multi-sectoral Input–Output (IO) model that supports national policies was proposed to cumulatively consider 29 industries that partition the Italian economy into representative branches at the level of administrative regions. Elementary input data were derived from the inter-sectoral table of the economy released by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT). The economic outcomes of the Italian regions were estimated using a non-survey procedure, based on Flegg Location Quotients, to determine the upstream and downstream positions of each industry at country and regional levels. Indices grounded on the Hypothetical Extraction Method (HEM) further delineated the role each industry plays in the regional economy. The empirical findings of this study demonstrate how non-survey IO regionalization and the resulting industry-based indices provide appropriate knowledge for regional development policies.
25
XIA, YAN, YING FAN, and JIE WU. "ANALYSIS OF LOW-CARBON PRODUCTION CHAINS TOWARDS CHINA'S CO2 EMISSION REDUCTION TARGETS FOR 2020." Singapore Economic Review 58, no. 03 (September 2013): 1350021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590813500215.
Full textAbstract:
Achieving China's carbon reduction targets for 2020 necessitates the consideration of integrated production chains (PCs) given that competition between sectors has been transformed into competition between PCs. This paper establishes an extended input–output (IO) model that calculates the cost multiplier transmission effect of emission reduction in low-carbon production chains (LCPCs). Empirical results show that in relation to PCs, the electricity power industry and urban residents are the key policy points in adjusting China's industrial structure. This paper suggests that policymakers consider the cost multiplier transmission effect imposed by upstream sectors to downstream industries.
26
Lau, Ngar-Cheung, and Mary Jo Nath. "A Model Study of the Air–Sea Interaction Associated with the Climatological Aspects and Interannual Variability of the South Asian Summer Monsoon Development." Journal of Climate 25, no. 3 (February 1, 2012): 839–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00035.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The climatological characteristics and interannual variations of the development of the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) in early summer are studied using output from a 200-yr simulation of a coupled atmosphere–ocean general circulation model (CM2.1). Some of the model results are compared with corresponding observations. Climatological charts of the model and observational data at pentadal intervals indicate that both the precipitation and SST signals exhibit a tendency to migrate northward. Enhanced monsoonal precipitation at a given site is accompanied by a reduction in incoming shortwave radiation and intensification of upward latent heat flux, and by oceanic cooling. An extended empirical orthogonal function analysis is used to identify the dates for initiation of the northward march of SASM in individual summers. It is noted that early monsoon development prevails after the mature phase of La Niña events, whereas delayed development occurs after El Niño. Sensitivity experiments based on the atmospheric component of CM2.1 indicate that the effects of SST forcings in the tropical Pacific (TPAC) and Indian Ocean (IO) on monsoon development are opposite to each other. During El Niño events, the atmospheric response to remote TPAC forcing tends to suppress or postpone monsoon development over South Asia. Conversely, the warm SST anomalies in IO, which are generated by the “atmospheric bridge” mechanism in El Niño episodes, lead to accelerated monsoon development. The net result of these two competing effects is an evolution scenario with a timing that is intermediate between the response to TPAC forcing only and the response to IO forcing only.
27
Ji, Wen, and Yun Liu. "An Optimality-Theoretic Analysis of the Acquisition of English Sentence Stress Based on Acoustic Data." Complexity 2021 (March 25, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5553394.
Full textAbstract:
The present study adopts both empirical and theoretical methods for the analysis of the acquisition of English sentence stress based on Optimality Theory, aiming to overcome mispronunciation of English sentence stress. Optimality Theory has a dramatic impact on most areas in linguistics besides phonology. The acoustic software Praat is chosen to collect and label data as the basis of the empirical method. Then, through analyzing the four major principles of distribution of sentence stress (content words stressed principle, rightmost words stressed principle, leftmost words stressed principle, and new information priority principle) and based on the analysis of Optimality Theory, the software Praat, and SPSS, the researcher can present the following findings: firstly, the constraint hierarchical ranking of nonnative speakers is DEP-IO >> NEW-IP >> ALIGN-IP-LEFT >> ALIGN-IP-RIGHT. Secondly, the native speakers also undergo the demotion of constraint hierarchical ranking: NEW-IP >> DEP-IO >> ALIGN-IP-RIGHT >> ALIGN-IP-LEFT. Thirdly, the constraint in each demotion of constraint hierarchical ranking during different stages is as follows: NEW-IP constraint moves from the undominated position to the dominated position in the hierarchy; ALIGN-IP-RIGHT and ALIGN-IP-LEFT constraints move from the dominated position to the lower position in the hierarchy. Through the specific analysis, the researcher draws a conclusion that the varied reasons affect the nonnative speakers to master the distribution of sentence stress due to their incorrect position in the demotion of constraint hierarchical ranking.
28
Pratt, Tyler. "Deference and Hierarchy in International Regime Complexes." International Organization 72, no. 3 (2018): 561–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818318000164.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractHow do states resolve jurisdictional conflicts among international institutions? In many issue areas, global governance is increasingly fragmented among multiple international organizations (IOs). Existing work argues this fragmentation can undermine cooperation as different institutions adopt conflicting rules. However, this perspective overlooks the potential for interinstitutional coordination. I develop a theory ofinstitutional deference: the acceptance of another IO's exercise of authority. By accepting rules crafted in another IO, member states can mitigate rule conflict and facilitate a division of labor within the regime complex. I use an original data set of over 2,000 IO policy documents to describe patterns of deference in the counterterrorism, intellectual property, and election-monitoring regime complexes. Empirical tests support two theoretical claims. First, institutional deference is indeed associated with a division of labor among institutions: IOs that defer to each other are more likely to focus their rule-making efforts on separate subissues. Second, deference is a strategic act that is shaped both by efficiency concerns and power politics. Statistical tests confirm that deference is used to efficiently pool resources among disparate organizations, and that IOs with weaker member states tend to defer to organizations with more powerful members.
29
Kurniawan, Budi, and Susiawati Kristiarini. "Komparasi Penggunaan Matriks Kebalikan Leontief & Ghosian Untuk Peramalan Dalam Model Input Output." Diophantine Journal of Mathematics and Its Applications 1, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/diophantine.v1i1.25703.
Full textAbstract:
This study is an empirical study that compares the use of two types of inverse matrices in the input output model. The Input Output (IO) model is based on a system of mathematical equations that applies general equilibrium phenomena. The matrix operating system in the equation derived from the IO model allows the Output value (X) to be calculated as an effect of the final demand induction (F) with the formulation X=(I-A)-1F where A is the technical coefficient matrix. This equation model uses the Leontief Inverse Matrix to calculate the impact of output with final demand (F) as a stimulant. Calculation of the impact of the stimulus from the supply side such as added value and the value of intermediate inputs originating from imports (V) uses the Ghosian Inverse Matrix in the equation X=(I-AT)-1V where AT is the usage coefficient matrix. The data used in this study comes from the Bengkulu Province Input Output Tables in 2000 and 2016, each of which has been collected in a common set to see comparability between years of observation. Forecasting results with both types of approaches produce different levels of accuracy for each observation period.
30
ELSIG, MANFRED. "The democratizing effects of multilateral organizations: a cautionary note on the WTO." World Trade Review 12, no. 3 (February 27, 2013): 487–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147474561200050x.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe field of international relations has been obsessed with democracy and democratization and its effects on international cooperation for a long time. More recently, research has turned its focus on how international organizations enhance democracy. This article contributes to this debate and applies a prominent liberal framework to study the ‘outside-in’ effects of the World Trade Organization. The article offers a critical reading of democratization through IO membership. It provides for an assessment of the dominant framework put forward by Keohane et al. (2009). In doing so, it develops a set of empirical strategies to test conjectured causal mechanisms with respect to the WTO, and illustrates the potential application by drawing on selected empirical evidence from trade politics. Finally, it proposes a number of analytical revisions to the liberal framework and outlines avenues for future research.
31
Karnowati, Nandang Bekti, Sudarto Sudarto, Lusi Suwandari, Fajar Adi Prakoso, and Devy Widya Apriandi. "Achieving Marketing Performance through Orientation Innovation and Entrepreneurial Orientation." Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis 14, no. 2 (September 30, 2023): 417–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/mb.v14i2.19086.
Full textAbstract:
Research aims: The purpose of this study is to examine the connection between innovation orientation (IO) and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and its role in mediating marketing orientation (MO) to achieve marketing performance (MP), specifically focusing on MSMEs in the culinary sector in Banyumas, Purbalingga, Cilacap, and Kebumen (Barlingmascakeb).Design/Methodology/Approach: Data were collected from 100 food industry businesses in Barlingmascakeb. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used utilizing Smart PLS to analyze data.Research findings: The results demonstrated that innovation orientation had a positive effect on entrepreneurial orientation and marketing performance. EO, which mediated the relationship between IO and MP, acted as a partial mediator. RBV is still a relevant theory for MSMEs, where organizational resources are assets that need to be managed and become superior to expand in a dynamic market. The research findings also support the MBV theory, where the market is a necessary factor to be considered by MSMEs in business and entrepreneurial decision-making. RBV and MBV actually complement each other and have an important role in influencing marketing performance.Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study contributes to the management study literature, which has built an empirical model that encourages MSME marketing performance by investigating the relationship between IO, EO, and MO to support MSME marketing performance.Practitioners/Policy Implications: This study provides insight into culinary MSME entrepreneurs to focus on innovation orientation and not ignore market orientation as a supporter of innovation and marketing performance.Research Limitations/Implications: This research only focused on MSMEs in the culinary sector, so generalizations and findings were limited. Therefore, future studies are expected to combine larger and more diverse samples.
32
Duffield, John S. "The Limits of “Rational Design”." International Organization 57, no. 2 (2003): 411–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002081830357206x.
Full textAbstract:
“The Rational Design of International Institutions” (special issue of IO, Autumn 2001) makes a significant contribution to the theoretical literature on international institutions. It is important, however, to recognize the limits of both the Rational Design project in its current form and the conclusions that can be drawn from the special issue about the project's usefulness and validity. This article evaluates the project on its own terms, as a rationalist attempt to explain variation in international institutions. I identify three significant sets of limitations: those of the scope of the project, those of the analytical framework, and those of the efforts that are made to evaluate the framework through empirical analysis. Although the first set of limitations is largely a matter of choice, the last two raise questions about how much of an advance the special issue in fact represents. Nevertheless, these shortcomings are not absolute—they can be remedied through further theoretical and empirical research.
33
Shetty, Jyoti, Sahana Upadhaya, Rajarajeshwari H S, Shobha G, and Jayant Chandra. "An Empirical Performance Evaluation of Docker Container, Openstack Virtual Machine and Bare Metal Server." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 7, no. 1 (July 1, 2017): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v7.i1.pp205-213.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Server virtualization is a fundamental technological innovation that is used extensively in IT enterprises. Server virtualization enables creation of multiple virtual machines on single underlying physical machine. It is realized either in form of hypervisors or containers. Hypervisor is an extra layer of abstraction between the hardware and virtual machines that emulates underlying hardware. In contrast, the more recent container-based virtualization technology runs on host kernel without additional layer of abstraction.Thus container technology is expected to provide near native performance compared to hypervisor based technology. We have conducted a series of experiments to measure and compare the performance of workloads over hypervisor based virtual machines, Docker containers and native bare metal machine. We use a standard benchmark workload suite that stress CPU, memory, disk IO and system. The results obtained show that Docker containers provide better or similar performance compared to traditional hypervisor based virtual machines in almost all the tests. However as expected the native system still provides the best performance as compared to either containers or hypervisors.</p>
34
Fatiha, Bikrat, Mohamed Karim, Znagui Zineb, and Ghazi Anouar. "Empirical evaluation of the socio-economic impacts of renewable energies in Morocco by 2035: An input-output model." ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, no. 2 (May 2023): 193–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/efe2022-002009.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of the study is to identify scenarios relating to solar and wind renewable energy technologies by 2035 in Morocco, and to simulate their socio-economic effects (GDP, Value added by sector and employment). This consists in calculating the effect of these scenarios in comparison with a trend scenario that extends recent developments and takes into account the industrial integration policy already decided on both solar and wind technologies. The methodology applied is based on a dynamic Input-Output (IO) model. Three simulation sce- narios are discussed in this study for the assessment of the socio-economic impacts of con- centrated solar power, photovoltaic and wind energy on the Moroccan economy during the period 2020-2035. Also, a comparative analysis between the scenarios developed and the tar- gets indicated in the national strategies, in terms of economic and job creation indicators, reveals a significant potential in terms of job creation and value added.
35
Gurgul, Henryk, and Tomasz Wójtowicz. "Hipoteza Brody w świetle wyników badań empirycznych." Przegląd Statystyczny. Statistical Review 2012, no. 1 (March 31, 2012): 32–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.59139/ps.2012.01.3.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents discussion about the importance of degree of aggregation in input-output systems for speed of convergence to the equilibrium. The basis is the hypothesis stated by Brody (1997) that the greater the dimension of flow coefficients matrix A is, the faster the economy convergences to the equilibrium because the ratio between modulus of the subdominant and dominant eigenvalue declines to zero. Since then, several papers have been published to verify mathematical aspects of the hypothesis. The development of random matrices theory provided theorems that confirm the hypothesis in the case of i.i.d. elements of flow coefficients matrix. However, in the case of deterministic input-output table, there were constructed counterexamples where the ratio between subdominant and dominant eigenvalue does not decline when the size of the matrix increases to infinity and the degree of aggregation does not influence the speed of convergence to the equilibrium. This paper verifies how the hypothesis fits to empirical data. Analysis of different aggregation of input-output tables for European Union, Euro zone and several European countries shows that increasing the number of branches in IO table does not reduce the ratio of modulus of subdominant and dominant eigenvalues of the flow coefficients matrix A. Hence, the speed of convergence to the equilibrium does not depend on the number of sectors in IO table but rather on the size of economy and relationships between its sectors. (i.e. large economies converge faster to equilibrium than small economies).
36
Nurisyah and Erna Setiany. "The Effect of Good Corporate Governance and Earnings Quality on Firm Value: An Empirical Study of LQ 45 Companies, Indonesia." Journal of Economics, Finance and Accounting Studies 4, no. 2 (March 25, 2022): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jefas.2022.4.2.7.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to determine the effect of good corporate governance and earnings quality on firm value. The population in this study were companies included in the LQ 45 index for the 2017-2020 period, a total population of 45 companies included in the LQ 45 index, 31 companies were selected to be the research sample. As a result, the total observations made for 2017 to 2020 were 124 observations, while the research method used correlational research. The study results were as follows: institutional ownership, managerial ownership, the composition of the independent board of commissioners, audit committee, and earnings quality simultaneously affect the firm value variable by 84%, the rest of 16% was explained by other reasons outside the model. While partially, only the composition of the independent board of commissioners (IC) affected firm value (FV), while the variable institutional ownership (IO), managerial ownership variable (MO), audit committee variable (AC), and earnings quality variable (EQ) was no effect on firm value (FV).
37
Juul Nielsen, Peter. "Indirekte objekt i moderne dansk talesprog: En korpusundersøgelse af frit indirekte objekt." Ny forskning i grammatik, no. 26 (September 18, 2019): 141–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/nfg.v0i26.115999.
Full textAbstract:
Since the 18th c., the Danish indirect object (IO) has undergone a narrowing of its semantic potential, and Heltoft (2014) claims that free, non-governed IOs (FIOs) are no longer possible in present-day Danish. The paper presents an empirical test of this claim based on data from the LANCHART corpus of spoken Danish. The corpus findings suggest prima facie that the FIO construction is indeed no longer an option. However, the paper shows that the very few FIOs found in the corpus call for an analysis of pragmatic preconditions. It is suggested that the FIO presupposes aspects of regulative speech acts, which are rarely found in the text types of the LANCHART corpus, and the paper points out methodical problems in quantitatively oriented corpus-based assessments of grammatical systems.
38
Mohammed, Sameen F., and Mahmood A. Mohammed. "A study Electronic structure of InSb: Experiment and Theory." Physics and Chemistry of Solid State 25, no. 1 (February 15, 2024): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.25.1.73-78.
Full textAbstract:
The current study show the results related to investigating the Compton scattering(Cs) of Indium Antimonite (InSb). 241Am with 59.54 keV Gamm-radiations source Compton spectrometer is employed for the purpose of experimental measurement. The technique of linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) is utilized within the framework of density functional theory (DFT),is used to assess the theoretical values of distributing the electron momentum density. A comparison was then made between the research findings and empirical data. Additionally, calculations employing the ionic model (IO) based on the 5p state of In and the 5p state of Sb atoms reveal that 0. 5 electrons of the state of 5pIn may have been transferred to the 5p state of Sb atoms in order to estimate the charge transfer in indium antimonite (InSb).
39
Norris, Gregory, John Pfeiffer, Joseph Peterson, Nicole Liadis, Matthew Biancalana, Dorys Lopez-Ramos, Anuja K. Antony, and Daniel Cook. "Abstract P4-02-19: Development of a Novel Imaging Biomarker to Ascertain Responsiveness to Immunotherapy." Cancer Research 83, no. 5_Supplement (March 1, 2023): P4–02–19—P4–02–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p4-02-19.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background: Immunotherapy has emerged as an essential treatment modality for enhancing survival in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Despite demonstrated improvements in pathologic complete response (pCR), both toxicity and adverse events from immuno-oncology (IO) drugs remain a significant limitation. Currently, a lack of tests to differentiate patients likely to respond to IO vs. poor responders precludes a tailored approach to immunotherapy. Here we describe an imaging biomarker that allows physicians to target breast cancer patients with the highest likelihood of response to immunotherapies. Methods: We identified a rapidly assessable, non-invasive biomarker of tumor response to immunotherapy. This biomarker uses radiological imaging (DCE-MRIs) coupled with the biophysical simulation platform TumorScope® to predict a patient’s likelihood of pCR following treatment with immunotherapy and backbone chemotherapy. While this biomarker does not depend on transcriptomic data, it was designed by matching biological function (transcriptomics) to tumor microenvironmental features (as observed in biophysical simulations) derived from the SimBioSys TumorBank®. With this simulation-derived biomarker in hand, we validated our methods in a small, independent cohort. We additionally applied the SimbIOScope IO-prediction analysis to assess a large immunotherapy-naïve cohort, in order to validate if an increase in pCR rates in the presence of immunotherapy correlated with the anticipated rate of response to immunotherapy. Results: In TNBC tumors prior to neoadjuvant therapy, we found that a high immune evasive capability was associated with low nutrient utilization. Tumor immune evasion (including the PD-1/PDL-1 axis) is strongly correlated with tumor hypoxia (r = 0.45, p < 1 × 10^-6). Similarly, in HR+/HER2- tumors prior to neoadjuvant therapy, we found that immune evasion was negatively correlated with angiogenesis (r = -0.40, p = 0.006), suggesting that low tumor vascularization is associated with immune evasion capability. As these associations were identified from available transcriptomic data obtained from a single biopsy site within each patient’s tumor, they were unable to account for tumor heterogeneity. We therefore sought to identify a spatially-resolved biomarker for immune evasive potential in TNBC and HR+/HER2- tumors. We used publicly available DCE-MRIs of patients treated with the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab and paclitaxel from the ISPY2 trial (n=63) to train a model to predict pCR in IO-treated tumors. Critically, the resulting model’s predictive power matched that obtained from transcriptomics data. SimbIOScope was then tested on IO-treated patients in a small, independent cohort and correctly predicted pCR in >91% (n=12). We further validated SimbIOScope by predicting the expected pCR rate in 292 patients from our virtual TumorBank in response to immunotherapy. Consistent with empirical increase (13.6% in TNBC, Keynote522) anticipated as seen from clinical trials, we found that SimbIOScope predicted a 14% increase in pCR rate in TNBC patients (and 9% increase in HR+ patients) with addition of immunotherapy versus chemotherapy backbone alone. Conclusions: The SimbIOScope platform offers physicians a rapid, non-invasive biomarker to differentiate patients likely to respond to immunotherapy from non-responders. This innovative technology thereby personalizes oncologic care and mitigates the potential for adverse effects by helping to optimize selection of patients best suited for immunotherapy. Citation Format: Gregory Norris, John Pfeiffer, Joseph Peterson, Nicole Liadis, Matthew Biancalana, Dorys Lopez-Ramos, Anuja K. Antony, Daniel Cook. Development of a Novel Imaging Biomarker to Ascertain Responsiveness to Immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-02-19.
40
PAULRAJ, D., S. SWAMYNATHAN, and M. MADHAIYAN. "PROCESS MODEL ONTOLOGY-BASED MATCHMAKING OF SEMANTIC WEB SERVICES." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 20, no. 04 (December 2011): 357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843011002262.
Full textAbstract:
One of the key challenges of the Service Oriented Architecture is the discovery of relevant services for a given task. In Semantic Web Services, service discovery is generally achieved by using the service profile ontology of OWL-S. Profile of a service is a derived, concise description and not a functional part of the semantic web service. There is no schema present in the service profile to describe the input, output (IO), and the IOs in the service profile are not always annotated with ontology concepts, whereas the process model has such a schema to describe the IOs which are always annotated with ontology concepts. In this paper, we propose a complementary sophisticated matchmaking approach which uses the concrete process model ontology of OWL-S instead of the concise service profile ontology. Empirical analysis shows that high precision and recall can be achieved by using the process model-based service discovery.
41
Konovalov, B. V. "Evaluation of Suspended Matter Content in the Coastal Zone of the Northeastern Part of the Black Sea by Relative Transparency." Океанология 63, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0030157423010057.
Full textAbstract:
Based on the materials of 20 expeditions of the IO RAS conducted in various areas of the coastal zone of the Russian sector of the Black Sea in the period from 1999 to 2021, empirical equations the relationship between the relative transparency (depth of visibility of the white disk Zd) and the mass concentrations of the total suspended matter-SM and its mineral – SMM and organic – POM fractions (Csm, Csmm and Csom, respectively) were obtained. The values of Zd were recorded in the range from 0.1 to 21 m, the concentrations of SMM – from 0.11 to 104 mg/L, POM – from 0.09 to 2.0 mg/l and chlorophyll a (Ca) – from 0.03 to 4.4 mcg/l. The relative abundance of the POM in the suspension ranged from 1.1 to 48.7%. The estimation of the error in the calculations according to these equations is carried out. The coefficients of determination r2 = 0.85 (for lgCsm and lgCsmm ) and 0.72 ( for lg Csom). The influence of the concentration of POM – on the accuracy of the calculation of Csmm and the concentration of chlorophyll a on the accuracy of the calculation of Csom was revealed. It is concluded that it is possible to use empirical formulas related to the entire array to calculate the concentrations of these fractions of suspension in the entire studied water area. It is proposed to consider the method of estimating the content of suspension fractions based on the obtained empirical equations as a regional variant of the method of passive sounding of the upper layer of the sea using a white disk.
42
Muryani, Muryani. "Investment Improvement of Agricultural Sector in East Java." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) 8, no. 4 (July 3, 2019): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v8i4.303.
Full textAbstract:
The Agricultural Demand Led Industrialization (ADLI) strategy can be considered effective because of the dominant amount of East Java land (74.11%) cultivated for the agricultural sector. This study aims to determine the relationship between the agricultural and manufacturing industry sectors; knowing the impact of the “Agricultural Demand Led Industrialization” (ADLI) strategy in the East Java economy; and knowing the elasticity of agricultural investment on output creation, gross value added, and income in East Java. This research uses the Input-Output (IO) analysis technique for all economic sectors in East Java, with an emphasis on the agricultural sector and processing industry in 1995-2010. The empirical results state that the ADLI Strategy has a positive impact on output creation and income in the East Java economy. The level of sensitivity /response from the output, gross value added, and income due to changes in investment value in the agricultural sector is relatively not much different.
43
Kural, Ece, Lisa Maria Dellmuth, and Maria-Therese Gustafsson. "International organizations and climate change adaptation: A new dataset for the social scientific study of adaptation, 1990–2017." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 10, 2021): e0257101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257101.
Full textAbstract:
This article introduces a new dataset on the climate change adaptation activities of international organizations (IOs). While climate change adaptation has been studied at the local level and in the context of major climate organizations, such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, we provide a first quantitative dataset on non-environmental IOs that can be linked to different social scientific datasets relevant for adaptation. Our new dataset contains information on the governance activities of 30 IOs from 1990 to 2017. Based on this dataset, we introduce different types of adaptation-related activities and develop a quantitative measure of IOs’ climate adaptation engagement. We map the adaptation engagement of the 30 IOs across organizations, across issue areas, and over time. This dataset can be used to compare adaptation activities across and within IOs, but also as an empirical foundation for the emerging research field of global adaptation governance, for which IO climate change adaptation activities are relevant.
44
Bevalia, Ribka Lia, and Mungniyati. "Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Nilai Perusahaan Non-Keuangan Di Indonesia." E-Jurnal Akuntansi TSM 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.34208/ejatsm.v3i1.1891.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to test and obtain empirical evidence of company size (SIZE), company age (AGE), capital structure (DER), financial performance (ROE), company profit (NPM), managerial ownership (MO), institutional ownership (IO), and liquidity (CR) on firm value. Firm value is measured using the Price to Book Value ratio, also known as PBV. The population or research object used in this study are non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2019 to 2021. The sampling method used in this study is a purposive sampling method. There are 131 non-financial companies that have met the criteria, so the total sample is 393 data used. The research hypothesis was analyzed using the multiple regression model and the data was processed using SPSS version 25 program. The findings of this research indicate that company size, company age, financial performance, and company profit have an effect on firm value. Meanwhile, capital structure, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and liquidity have no effect on firm value.
45
Kampf, Anthony R., Barbara P. Nash, Jakub Plášil, Jason B. Smith, and Mark N. Feinglos. "Niasite and johanngeorgenstadtite, Ni<sup>2+</sup><sub>4.5</sub>(AsO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> dimorphs from Johanngeorgenstadt, Germany." European Journal of Mineralogy 32, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 373–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-373-2020.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Niasite (IMA2019-105) and johanngeorgenstadtite (IMA2019-122) are Ni4.52+(AsO4)3 dimorphs from Johanngeorgenstadt, Saxony, Germany. The two new minerals occur in association with one another and with aerugite, bunsenite, quartz, rooseveltite and xanthiosite. This mineral assemblage is apparently secondary in origin and most likely formed from the breakdown of primary nickeline under dry (low relative humidity) and oxidizing (high oxygen fugacity) conditions. Both minerals are found in sugary aggregates of irregular, rounded grains or short prisms. Niasite properties are as follows: colour violet-red to red-orange; streak pale pink; transparent; resinous to subadamantine lustre; brittle tenacity; no cleavage; conchoidal fracture; Mohs hardness ∼4; densitycalc 5.222 g cm−3; optically uniaxial (–), ω 1.925(5) and ε 1.855(5) (white light), pleochroism O beige, E deep pink (O<E). Johanngeorgenstadtite properties are as follows: colour pink-orange; streak pale pink; transparent; resinous to subadamantine lustre; brittle tenacity; {010}, {110} and {1−10} cleavage; curved and stepped fracture; Mohs hardness ∼5; densitycalc 4.801 g cm−3; optically biaxial (–), α 1.83(1), β 1.86(1), γ 1.88(1) (white light), 2Vmeas 78(1)∘, pleochroism X violet, Y light olive, Z yellow (X>Y>Z). Raman spectra of both minerals are dominated by the stretching vibrations of AsO4 tetrahedra and confirm that both minerals are anhydrous. Electron microprobe analyses give the empirical formulas (Ni3.692+Co0.662+Fe0.032+Al0.02Na0.02Cu0.012+)Σ4.43As3.03O12 and (Ni3.562+Co0.752+Cu0.132+)Σ4.44As3.02O12 for niasite and johanngeorgenstadtite, respectively. Niasite is tetragonal, I4¯2d, with a=6.8046(8), c=18.6190(13) Å, V=862.1(2) Å3 and Z=4. Johanngeorgenstadtite is monoclinic, C2∕c, with a=11.933(3), b=12.753(3), c=6.6956(17) Å, β=113.302(8)∘, V=935.9(4) Å3 and Z=4. The structure of niasite (R1=0.0226 for 471 Io>2σI reflections) is the same as that of jeffbenite, as well as those of several garnet-like synthetic phases. Johanngeorgenstadtite (R1=0.0375 for 355 Io>2σI reflections) has an unprotonated alluaudite structure.
46
Xu, Shichun, Chang Gao, Yunfan Li, Xiaoxue Ma, Yifeng Zhou, Zhengxia He, Bin Zhao, and Shuxiao Wang. "What Influences the Cross-Border Air Pollutant Transfer in China–United States Trade: A Comparative Analysis Using the Extended IO-SDA Method." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 7, 2019): 6252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226252.
Full textAbstract:
This paper extends the IO-SDA (input–output and structural decomposition analysis) method to decompose the CBAPT (cross-border air pollutant transfer) into different effects, and reveals the status of CBAPT and analyzes influencing factors affecting the CBAPT in China–US trade by comparing China with the US in these factors. This study found that China was a net air pollutant exporter, and this indicates the air pollutants were transferred from the US into China through China–US trade. On the whole, the China energy intensity, China emission coefficient, and import scale effects decreased the CBAPT, whereas the export scale and US emission coefficient effects increased the CBAPT; the influences of export structure, US energy intensity, and import structure on CBAPT were uncertain. The sectoral distribution of effects on the CBAPT in China–US trade was unbalanced, which was mainly concentrated in heavy industry and transportation. The China energy intensity, China emission coefficient, and import scale effects inhibited sectoral CBAPT, and the export scale effect promoted this sectoral transfer. Other effects on the sectoral transfer were negligible. This paper provides some policy suggestions based on empirical results.
47
Luo, Derong, Ting Wu, Ming Li, Benshun Yi, and Haibo Zuo. "Application of VMD and Hilbert Transform Algorithms on Detection of the Ripple Components of the DC Signal." Energies 13, no. 4 (February 19, 2020): 935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13040935.
Full textAbstract:
Accurate detection of ripple components of the direct-current (DC) signals is essential for evaluating DC power quality. In this study, the combination algorithm based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) and Hilbert transform (HT) is applied to detect and analyze the characteristics of the ripple components of the DC disturbance signals. Firstly, the optimal modal number of VMD algorithms is comprehensively determined by observing the center frequencies of the mode components and the Index of Orthogonality (IO) of mode components. Through utilizing the VMD algorithm, the DC disturbance signal is accurately decomposed into a series of amplitude modulation-frequency modulation (AM-FM) functions. Then, the HT algorithm is applied to each AM-FM function to obtain the corresponding instantaneous amplitude and frequency, and the characteristics of DC disturbance signal are determined. Some case studies are implemented to analyze the ripple components of the DC disturbance signal with the VMD-HT and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm. Finally, the experiment results of Gree Photovoltaic Cabin have verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed combination VMD-HT algorithm by comparison with EMD and the window interpolation fast Fourier transform (WIFFT) algorithms.
48
Pramudena, Sri Marti. "Impact of Good Corporate Governance on Financial Distress in the Consumer Goods Sector Company." Journal of Finance and Banking Review Vol. 2 (4) Oct-Dec 2017 2, no. 4 (December 11, 2017): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jfbr.2017.2.4(6).
Full textAbstract:
Objective - Financial distress is referred to as a condition in which a company's operations result in insufficient funds to meet its obligations (insolvency). The success or failure of a company greatly depends on the corporate governance of the company. This study aims to identify the relationship between the existence of good corporate governance and the probability of financial distress. Methodology/Technique - This study used secondary data obtained from annual reports from 2009 to 2014. The data is gathered from consumer goods manufacturing companies, that are listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI). The sample includes 10 companies. The method of analysis used is multiple linear regressions. Findings - The results of the study show that institutional ownership and managerial ownership adversely affect the possibility of financial distress. On the other hand, the proportion of commissioners and the number of board of directors have a positive effect on the probability of financial distress. Novelty - This study found that institutional ownership (IO) has an inverse effect on the financial distress of a company. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Good Corporate Governance; Financial Distress; Corporate Performance. JEL Classification: G30, G34, G39.
49
Xiao, Guosheng, Dajie Zuo, and Tesfaye Hailemariam. "How does China’s industrial structure change affect freight demand?" Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2676, no. 3 (October 25, 2021): 417–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03611981211051628.
Full textAbstract:
Freight demand (FD) is closely related to industrial structure (IS), and the determination of this relationship is conducive to the development of the transport industry. This research proposed an input–output structural decomposition analysis (IO-SDA) model to explain the growth of FD with the changes in economic aggregate, structural factor, transport demand intensity, and industry connection. This method enables us to quantify and compare the contribution of industrial development to FD growth of five freight modes and determine the role of the structural factor in the growth of FD. An empirical study was conducted based on China’s 2002 to 2017 input–output tables. The results showed that the construction industry was the most important sector leading to the growth of FD, and the role of the service industry in promoting the growth of FD became more evident. There was a clear trend of concentration to the road freight industry, which may undermine the coordination of the transport industry. The structural factor became an important factor in reducing FD in 2007 to 2017. Based on the findings, it is suggested that China should promote the upgrading of IS and emphasize the importance of green road transport and multimodal transport.
50
Xi, Wei, Yingqin Nie, and Xiran Cheng. "Indirect Tax Burden of Regional Residents: Study on Long Term MRIO Model." Journal of Systems Science and Information 7, no. 6 (December 18, 2019): 568–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21078/jssi-2019-568-16.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Investigating the indirect tax burden of residents is an important way of understanding the effect of tax on income distribution and the tax burden transfer. In this paper, a long term MRIO model is constructed by using the regional input-output tables in China. We simulate the flow of value-added tax, consumption tax and business tax in different departments of 30 provinces (except Tibet) in mainland China from the perspective of rows in the IO table, we obtain the real burden of three indirect taxes on urban residents, and discuss the transfer of tax burden among regions. The conclusions are as follows: There are large differences in tax burden among regions. The real tax burden shifted from the eastern region to the middle and the western regions. Indirect tax aggravates the income inequality of urban residents in different regions. The indirect tax in China has a certain degree of regression. Based on the empirical analysis, we think the government should make the following policy changes: 1) Giving more consideration to the consumption terminals; 2) Adjusting preferential policies of regional taxation; 3) Increasing the amount of preferential policies for the western region.