Journal articles on the topic 'Emotions'
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1
Brito, Pedro Quelhas, Sandra Torres, and Jéssica Fernandes. "What kind of emotions do emoticons communicate?" Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 32, no. 7 (December 10, 2019): 1495–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-03-2019-0136.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the nature and concept of emoticons/emojis. Instead of taking for granted that these user-generated formats are necessarily emotional, we empirically assessed in what extent are they and the specificity of each one. Drawing on congruent mood state, valence core and emotion appraisal theories we expected a compatible statistical association between positive/negative/neutral emotional valence expressions and emoticons of similar valence. The positive emoticons were consistently associated with positive valence posts. Added to that analysis, 21 emotional categories were identified in posts and correlated with eight emoticons. Design/methodology/approach Two studies were used to address this question. The first study defined emoticon concept and interpreted their meaning highlighting their communication goals and anticipated effects. The link between emojis and emoticons was also obtained. Some emoticons types present more ambiguity than others. In the second study, three years of real and private (Facebook) posts from 82 adolescents were content analyzed and coded. Findings Only the neutral emoticons always matched neutral emotional categories found in the written interaction. Although the emoticon valence and emotional category congruence pattern was the rule, we also detected a combination of different valence emoticons types and emotion categories valence expressions. Apparently the connection between emoticon and emotion are not so obviously straightforward as the literature used to assume. The created objects designed to communicate emotions (emoticons) have their specific corresponding logic with the emotional tone of the message. Originality/value Theoretically, we discussed the emotional content of emoticons/emojis. Although this king of signals have an Asian origin and later borrowed from the western countries, their ambiguity and differing specificity have never been analyzed.
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Bulegenova, Indira B., Irina S. Karabulatova, Gulzira K. Kenzhetayeva, Gulshat Z. Beysembaeva, and Yrysgul B. Shakaman. "Negativizing emotive coloronyms: A Kazakhstan-US Ethno-Psycholinguistic comparison." Revista Amazonia Investiga 12, no. 67 (August 30, 2023): 265–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2023.67.07.24.
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Neurotargeting prioritizes emotions in understanding collective unconscious and individual behavior. Comparative emotive linguistics reveals cross-cultural emotional expression variations. Despite extensive emotion research, gaps remain due to differing response norms. Psychology understands emotions well, but lacks universal classification, hindering linguistic description. Confusion between emotion and emotive obscures psychophysiological and verbal distinctions. Nonverbal emotives, reflecting emotions, require analysis of generation and expression mechanisms. This study examines color's role in conveying negative emotions in Kazakh writer A. Nurpeisov's "Blood and Sweat" and American writer T. Dreiser's "Trilogy of Desire." Authors use linguistic and nonverbal methods to portray emotions. Hypothesis: color as emotive state designation functions with "permissible-unacceptable" and "good-bad" evaluations, evident in shaping emotional reality perception. Analyzing coloristic negative emotives uncovers ethno-cultural metaphorical models, connecting emotive coloronyms with basic emotional concepts. Findings aid standardizing cognitive mechanisms for understanding mental experiences and comparative emotive linguistic terminology.
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Grinevich, A. A. "Emotions in Kazym Khanty Ritual Bear Songs." Critique and Semiotics 38, no. 2 (2020): 220–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2307-1737-2020-2-220-236.
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The article describes emotional code of Kazym Khanty ritual bear songs. Psychologism and emotionality don’t enter archaic folklore. However if emotions are presents in a texts, its description is very accurate and physiological. The emotional code intersects with a body code. The description of emotions depends on genre. The largest number of emotives and descriptive expressions of emotions we found in songs performed on behalf of the bear kaiqәŋ ar. Emotions play plot-forming function in two songs of this genre “Winter sleeping beast” and “Down descending song”. It demonstrates motivational aspect in the emotion functioning. The most frequent emotions are fear and anger. Their descriptions are most diverse and frequent.
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Ptaszynski, Michal, Jacek Maciejewski, Pawel Dybala, Rafal Rzepka, and Kenji Araki. "CAO: A Fully Automatic Emoticon Analysis System." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 24, no. 1 (July 4, 2010): 1026–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v24i1.7715.
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This paper presents CAO, a system for affect analysis of emoticons. Emoticons are strings of symbols widely used in text-based online communication to convey emotions. It extracts emoticons from input and determines specific emotions they express. Firstly, by matching the extracted emoticons to a raw emoticon database, containing over ten thousand emoticon samples extracted from the Web and annotated automatically. The emoticons for which emotion types could not be determined using only this database, are automatically divided into semantic areas representing "mouths" or "eyes," based on the theory of kinesics. The areas are automatically annotated according to their co-occurrence in the database. The annotation is firstly based on the eye-mouth-eye triplet, and if no such triplet is found, all semantic areas are estimated separately. This provides the system coverage exceeding 3 million possibilities. The evaluation, performed on both training and test sets, confirmed the system's capability to sufficiently detect and extract any emoticon, analyze its semantic structure and estimate the potential emotion types expressed. The system achieved nearly ideal scores, outperforming existing emoticon analysis systems.
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Lee, Mikyoung, and Keum-Seong Jang. "Nurses’ emotions, emotion regulation and emotional exhaustion." International Journal of Organizational Analysis 27, no. 5 (November 4, 2019): 1409–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-06-2018-1452.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the relations between emotion regulation (reappraisal and suppression), discrete emotions and emotional exhaustion among nurses. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional design was used with 168 nurses in South Korea. Structural equation modeling and path analysis were conducted for analysis. Findings Reappraisal correlated positively with enjoyment and pride and negatively with anxiety, anger and frustration, whereas suppression correlated negatively with enjoyment and positively with anxiety and frustration. Moreover, reappraisal was negatively associated with emotional exhaustion, whereas suppression was positively associated with it. Enjoyment was negatively related to emotional exhaustion, and anger and frustration were positively related to it. Enjoyment and frustration mediated the relation between emotion regulation and emotional exhaustion. Findings demonstrate the potentially beneficial influences of reappraisal as well as harmful impacts of suppression in the nursing context. Research limitations/implications This paper expands research on nurses’ emotion management by applying Gross’s emotion regulation framework rather than Hochschild’s emotional labor framework. The mediating result suggests that not only nurses but also hospital administrators and nurse managers should pay attention to nurses’ emotional experiences to improve nurses’ well-being and ultimately better nursing practice. This research can provide the basis for developing practical interventions to efficiently regulate nurses’ emotions. Originality/value This is the first study exploring the mediating role of emotions in the link between nurses’ emotion regulation and emotional exhaustion. It contributes to interdisciplinary research by integrating perspectives from psychological emotion and emotion regulation research into the nursing field.
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Khvostenko, Y., and I. Redka. "EMOTIVES OF SURPRISE IN MODERN ENGLISH POETRY." Studia Philologica 1, no. 16 (2021): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-2425.2021.164.
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The paper focuses on linguistic manifestation of emotion of surprise in modern English poetic texts. The study is guided by the statement that emotions – psychosomatic processes – can be fixed in fictional texts (including the poetic ones) in the form of emotives – the linguistic units that manifest emotions and/or feelings of the addresser. The emotion of surprise differs from other basic emotions of a person due to its ambivalence and specific prerequisites to emergence. As surprise comes forth unexpectedly, the study looks for basic situations in the context of poetic texts when emotives of surprise appear. To study the phenomenon, the concept of emotional situation is employed. It marks the circumstances under which the persona experiences the emotion of surprise. The results obtained from the analysis of modern English poems distinguish several emotional situations in which emotives of surprise appear. They occur at the junction of image-bearing spaces of 1) dream and reality; 2) reality and fantasy; 3) expectations and their fulfilment; 4) two contrasting situations in reality. These image-bearing spaces may have either contrasting or complementing features. The defeated expectancy effect that occurs due their interaction manifests itself verbally via the emotives of surprise.
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Thonhauser, Gerhard. "Towards a Taxonomy of Collective Emotions." Emotion Review 14, no. 1 (January 2022): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17540739211072469.
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This paper distinguishes collective emotions from other phenomena pertaining to the social and interactive nature of emotion and proposes a taxonomy of different types of collective emotion. First, it emphasizes the distinction between collective emotions as affective experiences and underpinning mechanisms. Second, it elaborates on other types of affective experience, namely the social sharing of emotion, group-based emotions, and joint emotions. Then, it proposes a working definition of collective emotion via a minimal threshold and four structural features. Finally, it develops a taxonomy of five types of collective emotion: emotional sharing, emotional contagion, emotional matching, emotional segregation, and emotional fusion.
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Bailes, Lauren G., Garrett Ennis, Sarah M. Lempres, David A. Cole, and Kathryn L. Humphreys. "Parents’ emotion socialization behaviors in response to preschool-aged children’s justified and unjustified negative emotions." PLOS ONE 18, no. 4 (April 19, 2023): e0283689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283689.
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Parental socialization of children’s negative emotions is believed to contribute to children’s emotional development, with supportive, process-oriented responses (e.g., explicit acknowledgment of emotional expression and emotion processing) providing opportunities for children to experience and develop adaptive emotion regulation strategies for negative emotions. On the other hand, non-supportive, outcome-oriented responses (e.g., minimizing or punishing children for negative emotional expressions) tend to undermine such opportunities. Less clear, however, is the degree to which parents’ own emotional and cognitive processes influence their emotion socialization behaviors. In particular, the perceived justifiability of children’s negative emotions may be an important factor for parents’ socialization behaviors as parents may only attend to emotional displays that they feel are reasonable. Using a sample of 234 mothers and fathers (parents of 146 unique preschool aged children), we examined the degree to which parents reported: (1) feeling specific emotions as a function of whether they viewed children’s negative emotional expressions; (2) engaging in emotion socialization behaviors as a function of whether they viewed children’s negative emotions. Last, we examined whether parents’ reported emotions were related to their behaviors. For caregivers’ emotions and behaviors, we examined whether patterns differed as a function of whether the children’s emotions were perceived as justified or unjustified. Parents were more likely to report feeling emotions such as anger and frustration when they viewed children’s negative emotions as unjustified relative to justified, and for these unjustified negative emotions, anger and frustration were related to more outcome-oriented behaviors. Emotions such as sadness and guilt, however, were related to more process-oriented behaviors, regardless of whether parents felt children’s negative emotions were justified or unjustified. Findings highlight the interrelatedness of emotional and cognitive processes within the parenting context and their potential influence on emotion socialization behaviors.
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Merlina, Tina, Lia Maulia, and Rosaria Mita Amalia. "Verbal and Visual Expression of Emotions on Kaskus: a Semiotic Study." MIMBAR, Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan 29, no. 1 (June 20, 2013): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v29i1.373.
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This research investigates the types of emoticons which occured on Kaskus. This is a qualitative research. The writer take the data from Kaskus, therefore it is a forum in the internet which has grown to be one of the most popular websites in Indonesia. To identify the types of Emotions on Kaskus, the writer analyzed the data using Ekman (2003) . From the discussions, there are verbal and non verbal sign in the emoticons that appear on Kaskus. The meaning of verbal sign and nonverbal sign in emoticon “marah” represents anger emotion. Emoticon “Ngakak” and “thumbup” represent enjoyable emotion. Emoticon “Sorry” and “Cool” represent sadness emotion. For future studies need to be conducted with an increased sample by using another media such as Whatsapp, YM, etc.
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Ojha, Amitash, Charles Forceville, and Bipin Indurkhya. "An experimental study on the effect of emotion lines in comics." Semiotica 2021, no. 243 (October 7, 2021): 305–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2019-0079.
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Abstract Both mainstream and art comics often use various flourishes surrounding characters’ heads. These so-called “pictorial runes” (also called “emanata”) help convey the emotional states of the characters. In this paper, using (manipulated) panels from Western and Indian comic albums as well as neutral emoticons and basic shapes in different colors, we focus on the following two issues: (a) whether runes increase the awareness in comics readers about the emotional state of the character; and (b) whether a correspondence can be found between the types of runes (twirls, spirals, droplets, and spikes) and specific emotions. Our results show that runes help communicate emotion. Although no one-to-one correspondence was found between the tested runes and specific emotions, it was found that droplets and spikes indicate generic emotions, spirals indicate negative emotions, and twirls indicate confusion and dizziness.
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Dhaka, Suman, and Naveen Kashyap. "Explicit emotion regulation: Comparing emotion inducing stimuli." Psychological Thought 10, no. 2 (October 20, 2017): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/psyct.v10i2.240.
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Emotions are a major part of our subjective experiences of the world. At times, our emotions are not appropriate and require active management. Emotion regulation refers to the various ways of managing or controlling emotional responses. External stimuli play specific role in electing emotions. Pictures and movies elicit emotions and emotional effects of films are believed to exceed that of pictures. The aim of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of emotion regulation strategies across emotion induction method (picture and films). Forty participants rated their emotion on Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) ratings for each pictorial and video stimuli while following the emotion regulation instructions. Repeated-measures ANOVAs revealed that the pictures were more effective in modulating emotions. Cognitive reappraisal and distraction strategies downregulated emotions.
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Doménech, Pablo, Ana M. Tur-Porcar, and Vicenta Mestre-Escrivá. "Emotion Regulation and Self-Efficacy: The Mediating Role of Emotional Stability and Extraversion in Adolescence." Behavioral Sciences 14, no. 3 (March 4, 2024): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs14030206.
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The feeling of emotional self-efficacy helps people understand how to handle positive and negative emotions. Emotion regulation is the process that helps people control their emotions so that they can adapt to the demands of the environment. This study has a twofold aim. First, it examines the relationships among emotion regulation, the personality traits of extraversion and emotional stability, and the feeling of emotional self-efficacy for positive and negative emotions in an adolescent population. Second, it examines the mediating role of personality traits (extraversion and emotional stability) in the relationship between emotion regulation and emotional self-efficacy for positive and negative emotions. The participants were 703 adolescents (49.9% male and 50.1% female) aged between 15 and 18 years (M = 15.86, SD = 0.30). Significant relationships were observed among emotion regulation, the personality traits of extraversion and emotional stability, and emotional self-efficacy for positive and negative emotions. The structural equation model confirmed the direct link between emotion regulation and emotional self-efficacy and mediation by the personality traits of extraversion and emotional stability. This study confirms that emotional self-efficacy is connected to the emotion regulation strategies that adolescents use. Effective emotion regulation encourages self-perception and emotional coping. The results are discussed in connection to previous research.
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Rivas, Marcelo B. S., Agnes F. C. Cruvinel, Daniele P. Sacardo, Daniel U. C. Schubert, Mariana Bteshe, and Marco A. de Carvalho-Filho. "All You Need Is Music: Supporting Medical Students’ Emotional Development With a Music-Based Pedagogy." Academic Medicine 99, no. 7 (March 22, 2024): 741–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000005709.
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Abstract Problem Although the practice of medicine is often emotionally challenging, medical curricula seldom systematically address the emotional development of medical students. To fill this gap, the authors developed and evaluated an innovative pedagogical activity based on music to nurture medical students’ emotional development. The authors believe that the metaphoric nature of music offers an efficient venue for exploring emotion perception, expression, and regulation. Approach The pedagogical activity Emotions in Medicine was carried out throughout 2020 and 2021 and consisted of 4 encounters to explore: (1) emotion perception, (2) emotion expression, (3) emotion regulation, and (4) the role of emotions in medical practice. During all encounters, the authors used music to evoke students’ emotions and focused the discussions on the relevance of emotions for meaningful medical practice. Emotional intelligence before and after the workshop was tested using the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT), a validated psychometric scale. Outcomes The workshop facilitated emotional connection among students and created a safe space to explore the role of emotions in medical practice. The mean total pretest SSEIT score was 110 (SD = 14.2); it increased to 116.8 (SD = 16.1) in the posttest (P < .001). This increase was true across its 4 dimensions: (1) perception of emotions, (2) management of own emotions (3) management of others’ emotions, and (4) use of emotions. Next Steps Music can be an active tool to explore the role of emotions in medical practice. It fosters students’ capacity to identify and reflect on emotions while exploring their role in patient care. Further (qualitative) research is needed to explore the mechanisms by which music facilitates learning emotion perception, expression, and regulation.
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Liu, Xiao-Yu, Nai-Wen Chi, and Dwayne D. Gremler. "Emotion Cycles in Services: Emotional Contagion and Emotional Labor Effects." Journal of Service Research 22, no. 3 (March 17, 2019): 285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094670519835309.
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Service organizations encourage employees to express positive emotions in service encounters, in the hope that customers “catch” these emotions and react positively. Yet customer and employee emotions could be mutually influential. To understand emotional exchanges in service encounters and their influences on customer outcomes, the current study models the interplay of emotional contagion and emotional labor, as well as their influence on customer satisfaction. Employees might catch customers’ emotions and transmit those emotions back to customers through emotional contagion, and employee emotional labor likely influences this cycle by modifying the extent to which emotional contagion occurs. Data from 268 customer-employee dyads, gathered from a large chain of foot massage parlors, confirm the existence of an emotion cycle. Deep acting, as one type of emotional labor used by employees, hinders the transmission of negative emotions to customers, whereas surface acting facilitates it. Both customer emotions and employee emotional labor thus have critical influences on service encounters. The findings highlight the importance of understanding the potential influence of customer preservice emotions and the presence of an emotion cycle during service delivery.
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Kotsur, G. "Emotions and International Relations." International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy 19, no. 3 (2021): 43–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17994/it.2021.19.3.66.2.
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This article is the part of the recent emotional turn when the scholars of social science are paying more attention to the study of collective emotions in international affairs. The former dominance of the biological and essentialist paradigms in this field were replaced by a number of culture-centered approaches based on social constructivism, which were elaborated within two pioneering disciplines – anthropology of emotions and history of emotions. The influence of such a scientific revolution included the key axis of the common – unique with an emphasis on the latter. The IR has been also affected by an emotional turn when the field of constructivist emotional studies had been established in the early 2000s. The object of this work is the transnational structural common – collective emotional patterns that have recurrent nature and emerge beyond state borders. This part of reality has not been conceptualized by scholars. Therefore, the aim of the article is to fill an epistemological vacuum and outline the ways for conceptualization of transnational structural common. It is IR that seem to be the most suitable field to do this. The empirical case of the crisis response after terrorist attacks are analyzed as the example of the transnational structural common. This case is explored by the author through the framework of "emotion culture" by S. Koschut in combination with the concept of "emotives" by W. Reddy. Speeches by the leaders of Israel, the United States, Russia, India and France after six terrorist attacks from 1972 to 2015 allow to identify an integrated tripartite emotional structure, which is observed in each of the cases. This structure includes an emotive of pity; compensatory structure with the emotives of fighting fear through reciprocal determination; finally, an emotive of solidarity. This discursive structure functions in a stable way because the emotional code connects the type of event (terrorist attack) with the cultural script (tripartite structure). Finally, some approaches in sociological institutionalism would enrich future studies of emotion culture.
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Brady, Michael. "Précis: Emotions: The Basics." Journal of Philosophy of Emotion 3, no. 1 (September 30, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.33497/2021.summer.1.
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Emotion: The Basics is an introductory text about the nature and value of emotion, and highlights the very many ways in which emotions can be good for us: epistemically, deliberatively, socially, morally, and aesthetically. It proposes a pluralist account of what emotions are, and includes both an overview of current literature on emotion, and original proposals about emotion’s importance.
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Berlibayeva, M. "Basic techniques and methods of developing emotional intelligence in preschool children." Pedagogy and Psychology 46, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-1.2077-6861.24.
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This article is devoted to the disclosure of the basic techniques and techniques for the development of emotional intelligence in preschool children. The work substantiates the need for the development of emotional intelligence in preschool children, its importance for the successful socialization of the child's personality. The author notes that the emotional intelligence of preschool children is a type of intelligence responsible for the child's recognition of his own emotions and the emotions of the people around him, as well as for controlling, managing his emotions and for influencing the emotions of other people. According to the author, at present, the number of preschool children with emotional instability has increased: aggressive, angry, conflict, which is why it is necessary to develop emotional intelligence at this age, but, unfortunately, many educators and parents do not pay due attention to this issue. Emotional intelligence is not an innate personality trait; the development of emotional intelligence is carried out in stages. At the first stage, emotion is perceived – this is the child's recognition of his emotions and the emotions of other people. At the second stage – understanding emotion – the ability to determine the reasons for the appearance of a particular emotion in oneself and in the people around him, establishing a connection between emotions and thoughts. At the third stage – managing emotions – the ability to suppress emotions, awaken and direct own and others' emotions to achieve goals. At the fourth stage – using emotions to stimulate thinking – awakening creativity in oneself, activating the brain with the help of one's own emotions. The article discusses various techniques and techniques for the development of emotional intelligence in preschool children.
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MacCann, Carolyn, Yasemin Erbas, Egon Dejonckheere, Amirali Minbashian, Peter Kuppens, and Kirill Fayn. "Emotional Intelligence Relates to Emotions, Emotion Dynamics, and Emotion Complexity." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 36, no. 3 (May 2020): 460–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000588.
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Abstract. Emotional intelligence (EI) should relate to people’s emotional experiences. We meta-analytically summarize associations of felt affect with ability EI branches (perception, facilitation, understanding, and management) and total scores ( k = 7–14; N = 1,584–2,813). We then use experience sampling ( N = 122 undergraduates over 5 days, 24 beeps) to test whether EI predicts emotion dynamics and complexity. Meta-analyses show that EI correlates significantly with lower negative affect (NA; ρ = −.21) but not higher positive affect (PA; ρ = .05). PA (but not NA) shows a significantly stronger relationship with emotion management (ρ = .23) versus other EI branches (ρ = −.01 to .07). In the experience sampling study, only management significantly related to higher PA, whereas lower NA was significantly related to total EI, perception, facilitation, and management. After controlling for mean affect: (a) only understanding significantly predicted NA dynamics whereas only management and facilitation significantly predicted PA dynamics; (b) management and facilitation predicted lower PA differentiation (EI was unrelated to NA differentiation); and (c) perception and facilitation predicted greater bipolarity. Results show that EI predicts affect, emotion dynamics, and emotion complexity. We discuss the importance of distinguishing between different branches of ability EI.
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Mallikarjuna, Basetty, M. Sethu Ram, and Supriya Addanke. "An Improved Face-Emotion Recognition to Automatically Generate Human Expression With Emoticons." International Journal of Reliable and Quality E-Healthcare 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrqeh.314945.
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Any human face image expression naturally identifies expressions of happy, sad etc.; sometimes human facial image expression recognition is complex, and it is a combination of two emotions. The existing literature provides face emotion classification and image recognition, and the study on deep learning using convolutional neural networks (CNN), provides face emotion recognition most useful for healthcare and with the most complex of the existing algorithms. This paper improves the human face emotion recognition and provides feelings of interest for others to generate emoticons on their smartphone. Face emotion recognition plays a major role by using convolutional neural networks in the area of deep learning and artificial intelligence for healthcare services. Automatic facial emotion recognition consists of two methods, such as face detection with Ada boost classifier algorithm and emotional classification, which consists of feature extraction by using deep learning methods such as CNN to identify the seven emotions to generate emoticons.
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Liao, Songyang, Katsuaki Sakata, and Galina V. Paramei. "Color Affects Recognition of Emoticon Expressions." i-Perception 13, no. 1 (January 2022): 204166952210807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20416695221080778.
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In computer-mediated communication, emoticons are conventionally rendered in yellow. Previous studies demonstrated that colors evoke certain affective meanings, and face color modulates perceived emotion. We investigated whether color variation affects the recognition of emoticon expressions. Japanese participants were presented with emoticons depicting four basic emotions (Happy, Sad, Angry, Surprised) and a Neutral expression, each rendered in eight colors. Four conditions (E1–E4) were employed in the lab-based experiment; E5, with an additional participant sample, was an online replication of the critical E4. In E1, colored emoticons were categorized in a 5AFC task. In E2–E5, stimulus affective meaning was assessed using visual scales with anchors corresponding to each emotion. The conditions varied in stimulus arrays: E2: light gray emoticons; E3: colored circles; E4 and E5: colored emoticons. The affective meaning of Angry and Sad emoticons was found to be stronger when conferred in warm and cool colors, respectively, the pattern highly consistent between E4 and E5. The affective meaning of colored emoticons is regressed to that of achromatic expression counterparts and decontextualized color. The findings provide evidence that affective congruency of the emoticon expression and the color it is rendered in facilitates recognition of the depicted emotion, augmenting the conveyed emotional message.
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D, Darshan, and Shilpashri H N. "Perception of Vocal Expression of Emotions in Kannada Speaking Healthy Adults." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 13, no. 3 (March 6, 2023): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20230308.
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Vocal expression is the most common approach to understand emotions in speech. There are various types of emotional expression that every human experience, but happiness, sad, fear, questioning was found to be most experienced by humans in day-to-day conversation. Perception of these emotions is much necessary to understand the feelings and interpret the speaker’s emotional status and intend of communication. Various researchers have reported aging led to a deterioration on emotional perception, and some researchers have also reported emotion is relatively unaffected by aging or even improves with age contradictorily. In spoken language, intonation caters diverse linguistic and paralinguistic functions. It is important to identify how healthy adults interpret emotions expressed in their native language. Hence, the present study was carried out to investigate the perception of emotion in sentences by Kannada speaking healthy adults aged between 30 to 60 years. Participants were divided into three groups based on a decade interval consisting of 15 males and 15 females in each group respectively. Five different emotions were considered and instructed the participant to identify the emotions heard presented aurally and report it on a response sheet. The analysis of those perceived emotions showed no age and gender effects in decoding emotions from speech act. Key words: Perceiving emotions, Emotion Perception, Emotion expression, Vocal emotion, Sentence emotion
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Milenkovic, Ana. "The conceptualisation of primary emotions in the Serbian language (The case of verbs expressing joy, sadness, fear and anger)." Juznoslovenski filolog 77, no. 1 (2021): 163–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jfi2101163m.
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The paper analyses the conceptual mechanisms underlying the development of secondary emotional meanings of ?non-emotional? verbs (in relation to their primary meaning). Being abstract, psychological entities, emotions are formalised and expressed by linguistic means using emotional lexis. Emotional verbs represent a type of this lexis: they denote emotions, emotional relationships and processes, emotional expression and an emotional situation as a whole. The research material consists of 92 verbs which are classified according to two criteria: a. the semantic role of the experiencer, i.e. whether the verbs denote experiencing or provoking an emotion (emotionally-active and emotionally-passive verbs) and b. the criterion of the primary emotion, i.e. whether the verbs belong to the emotional domain of joy, sorrow, fear or anger. The analysis showed that emotions are conceptualised by specific emotional metaphors, based on the pleasure: discomfort distinction. The primary metaphor MAN IS THE CONTAINER FOR EMOTIONS and the general metonymic rule PHYSIOLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF EMOTIONS ARE THE EMOTION ITSELF, represent general mechanisms for the conceptualisation of secondary emotional meanings of verbs. It has also been shown that a certain type of a verb?s primary meaning potentially develops a certain secondary emotional meaning; in other words, each primary emotion has an intrinsic source domain which concretises its abstract meanings.
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Park, Sunghae. "Exploring the Emotional Experiences of Youth in Dance Activities." Korean Society for Holistic Convergence Education 26, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 137–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35184/kshce.2022.26.3.137.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the emotional experiences of youth in dance activities. For this purpose, nine youth participating in dance activities were selected as research participants, and the emotions of youth experienced in dance activities were explored based on phenomenological research, which is one of the qualitative research methods. Data collection consisted of open-ended questionnaire, in-depth interview, and participatory observation, and the collected data were categorized through inductive category analysis. Youth experienced experiential and relational emotions according to the breadth of emotions in dance, and the emotions was divided into surface (sensational and interpersonal emotions) and inner (existential and communal emotions) level according to the depth of emotions. Each emotion was mixed at the empirical level and revealed at the same time, making it difficult to distinguish clearly. However, classification at the logical level according to the level and depth of emotion and the contextual difference of emotion generation provided a clear discussion of the youth emotional experiences. Experiential emotions were closely related to personal experience, and relational emotions were more closely related to interpersonal relationship with the other person. In addition, the surface level of emotions acted as a key pathway for the inner level of emotional experiences, and the inner level of emotions were closely related to the educational growth of youth. Emotional experiences of youth in dance activities has educational implications in terms of the importance of 'emotional integration' in youth dance education and the necessity of practicing youth dance education through understanding the 'relationship of emotions'. Based on the results of this study, suggestions were made for the practice of dance education and follow-up research for youth emotional cultivation.
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Sato, Wataru, Motoko Noguchi, and Sakiko Yoshikawa. "EMOTION ELICITATION EFFECT OF FILMS IN A JAPANESE SAMPLE." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 35, no. 7 (January 1, 2007): 863–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2007.35.7.863.
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Films are effective stimuli to elicit emotions. A set of films to elicit specific emotions was developed in a previous study (Gross & Levenson, 1995), and emotional reactions to them were investigated in Western participants. In this study, we investigated whether these films have a similar capacity to elicit emotions in a Japanese sample. Thirty-one Japanese participants viewed 8 films selected to elicit specific emotions (amusement, anger, contentment, disgust, fear, neutral, sadness, and surprise) and evaluated their emotional experiences using 16 discrete and 2 dimensional emotion scales. The discrete scales indicated that all of the films evidently elicited the target emotions, as well as some nontarget emotions. The dimensional emotion scales showed that almost all of the films elicited theoretically reasonable emotions in terms of valence. These results suggest that the films may have a universal capacity to elicit emotions.
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Gerrod Parrott, W. "Ur-Emotions and Your Emotions: Reconceptualizing Basic Emotion." Emotion Review 2, no. 1 (December 21, 2009): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754073909345547.
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The term ur-emotion is proposed to replace basic emotion as a name for the aspects of emotion that underlie perceived similarities of emotion types across cultures and species. The ur- prefix is borrowed from the German on analogy to similar borrowings in textual criticism and musicology. The proposed term ur-emotion is less likely to be interpreted as referring to the entirety of an emotional state than is the term basic emotion. Ur-emotion avoids reductionism by indicating an abstract underlying structure that accounts for similarities between emotions without implying that the differences are unimportant. This article is dedicated to the memory of Bob Solomon, and is framed in terms of his decades-long analysis and critique of the concept of basic emotions.
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Bauer, Karen. "Emotion in the Qur'an: An Overview." Journal of Qur'anic Studies 19, no. 2 (June 2017): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2017.0282.
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In the Western academic study of the Qur'an, very little has been written about emotion. The studies that do acknowledge the power of emotion tend to concentrate on emotion as a response to the text's aesthetics. And yet emotion is a central part of the Qur'an: fostering the correct emotions is a part of pietistic practice, emotion helps to convince believers to act as they should, and emotional words and incidents bring unity to this synoptic text. This article has four parts. It begins by reviewing approaches that have been taken in History and Biblical studies, in order to clarify the nature of emotions. I argue that emotions are universal but that they have socially constructed elements and a social function. Also, control of emotions can be as revealing as emotional expression. Part Two describes the overall message of emotions in the Qur'an. Humans must cultivate God-fearingness, while God bestows mercy/compassion and love, or anger and displeasure. Believers are distinguished by their emotional sensitivity to God's word, and their ability to form an emotional attachment to God, and thus emotional control is a key pietistic practice. In Part Three, I propose a new method for analysing emotion within Qur'anic suras, which is to trace emotional plots. This method involves identifying the emotional journey undertaken or described in a passage of text. Part Four examines the resonance that is created by the use of specific emotion words in different suras.
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Mikheeva, N. "Some semantic aspects of Spanish verbs used in the syntactic constructions describing the peculiar properties of a person’s emotional life." Cuadernos Iberoamericanos, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2019-1-62-69.
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This article is dedicated to investigation of the verbs used in the syntactic constructions describing the influence that a person has on emotions he experiences. These constructions show that the subject of emotion tends to experience some emotion that is usually positive o he is already experiencing it but tries to control this emotion o feeling and influences over it in order to continue to experience it in future in case of positive emotions or, on the contrary, stop experiencing it in case of negative emotions. The main components of these structures are a predicate name of emotions, which designates positive and negative emotions and a verb the semantic meaning of which conveys the way the subject of emotion influences this emotion o feeling in order to begin to experience it or to extend its existence, or that it has ceased to exist in this subject. The aim of this study is to analyze the semantic features of verbs, which are used with the predicate names of emotions in the above semantic constructions and to reveal the character of expression of emotions and emotional life of a person.Spanish has a large number of verbs used in syntactic constructions to express the idea of control that a person exercises over his emotions and feelings. The analyzed constructions show that the subject of emotions plays an active role, and emotions are passive because they depend on the will of the subject. The analyzed constructions demonstrate the richness of linguistic means, in general, and of verbs used metaphorically, in particular, which a person uses to describe the possibilities of controlling his emotional state and the processes of his emotional and spiritual life.
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Qura-tul-ain Khan and Tahir Alyas. "Modeling Emotional Mutation and Evolvement Using Genetic Algorithm in Agency." Lahore Garrison University Research Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/lgurjcsit.2017.010228.
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Human mind has the ability to generate emotions based on internal and external environment. These emotions are based on past experiences and the current situation. Mutation of emotions in human is the change in the intensity of emotion and the more intense the emotion is, it has more chances of existence. In mutative state two emotions are crossover and from the new emotions only the fittest and strongest emotion survive. Emotional mutation and evolvement helps human mind in decision making and in generating response. In agency the phenomenon of emotional modeling can be accomplished by Mutation and Evolvement for generating output. Genetic algorithm is computational model that is inspired by evolution of biological population and by using mutation and crossover of Genetic Algorithm the agency is able to generate output.This paper presents the algorithmic approach for emotional Mutation and Evolvement using Genetic Algorithm for generating output in agency.
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Grčić, Larisa, and Vita Simeunović. "ENHANCING EMOTIONAL VOCABULARY FOR PSYCHOLOGICAL LITERACY." Hum 19, no. 31 (July 10, 2024): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.47960/2303-7431.19.31.2024.63.
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Various aspects of language development, comprehension and neurological functioning contribute to reflective psychological attitudes and indicate the importance of language in understanding human behaviour. In this perspective we focus our attention on the role of emotional language in shaping psychological literacy. Our research mostly relies on the findings of the Theory of Constructed Emotion (TCE) and EmotionFocused Therapy (EFT) that confirmed the importance of emotional vocabulary in the process of forming the effective understanding of the emotions and creating new conscious experiences. Due to the development of affective neuroscience, emotional vocabulary is presented as a necessary tool for psychological studies of personality, emotions and mood that aim to increase empirical evidence on the ways how emotions are organised in the mind. Special attention is given to the phenomenon of blended emotions that refer to the simultaneous experience of two or more emotions. We show that the awareness of the complexity of emotional experience is directly related to finding words that capture combinations of a variety of emotions. Keywords: emotional vocabulary; psychological literacy; emotion awareness; emotional psychology
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Frijda, Nico H., and Louise Sundararajan. "Emotion Refinement: A Theory Inspired by Chinese Poetics." Perspectives on Psychological Science 2, no. 3 (September 2007): 227–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6916.2007.00042.x.
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William James made a distinction between coarse and noncoarse emotions. In the present article, we explore the nature of such noncoarse emotions, which we designate as emotions with refinement. We take our cue from the treatment of refined emotions in Chinese poetics and philosophy. The theory and description of savoring(in Chinese, p'in-wei) points to several features of emotion experiences and behavior that are usually absent in direct emotional responses to emotional events, such as self-reflexivity and higher level second-order awareness, detachment, and restraint. Emotions with those features can be found outside savoring and aesthetic contexts, for instance while dealing with actual life events. It appears both feasible and illuminating to analyze such emotion experiences and behavior in terms of current emotion theory, notably by means of the constructs of appraisal and action readiness. Emotions with refinement thus fit general emotion theory while also possessing distinctive character within the motion domain. Our analysis has implications for the structure of emotion experience and the study of consciousness.
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Liang, Yunlong, Fandong Meng, Ying Zhang, Yufeng Chen, Jinan Xu, and Jie Zhou. "Infusing Multi-Source Knowledge with Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network for Emotional Conversation Generation." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 15 (May 18, 2021): 13343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i15.17575.
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The success of emotional conversation systems depends on sufficient perception and appropriate expression of emotions. In a real-world conversation, we firstly instinctively perceive emotions from multi-source information, including the emotion flow of dialogue history, facial expressions, and personalities of speakers, and then express suitable emotions according to our personalities, but these multiple types of information are insufficiently exploited in emotional conversation fields. To address this issue, we propose a heterogeneous graph-based model for emotional conversation generation. Specifically, we design a Heterogeneous Graph-Based Encoder to represent the conversation content (i.e., the dialogue history, its emotion flow, facial expressions, and speakers' personalities) with a heterogeneous graph neural network, and then predict suitable emotions for feedback. After that, we employ an Emotion-Personality-Aware Decoder to generate a response not only relevant to the conversation context but also with appropriate emotions, by taking the encoded graph representations, the predicted emotions from the encoder and the personality of the current speaker as inputs. Experimental results show that our model can effectively perceive emotions from multi-source knowledge and generate a satisfactory response, which significantly outperforms previous state-of-the-art models.
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Bajri, Ibtesam AbdulAziz, and Nada Abdulmajeed Lashkar. "Saudi Gender Emotional Expressions in Using Instagram." English Language Teaching 13, no. 5 (April 23, 2020): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v13n5p94.
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There are plentiful studies exploring gender emotional differences. Gender and emotion stereotypes make people believe that there are certain emotions associated with each gender and this is supported by many studies. The purpose of this research is to analyze the emotional expressions of Saudi men and women in Instagram, a social networking service. This paper aims to explore the Saudi differences of emotional expressions. Also, if gender emotion stereotypes apply on these expressions or not. Data is collected through corpus analysis of Arabic comments for a certain post on Instagram. The results of this study demonstrate that there are differences in Saudis' expressions of emotions in which each gender uses different expressions. Additionally, gender stereotypes of emotions are applied to their emotional expressions that is men express negative emotions more while women express positive emotions. Another result is that women are found to be more emotional than men. Overall, the findings contribute to increase understanding of online emotional expressions of both Saudi genders.
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Duca, Diana-Sînziana, Andreea Ursu, Ionela Bogdan, and Petruta Paraschiva Rusu. "Emotions and Emotion Regulation in Family Relationships." Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala 15, no. 2 (April 10, 2023): 114–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/rrem/15.2/724.
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Research shows that emotions and emotion regulation strategies are important variables for family functioning. The aim of the present article was to review the literature on the role of emotions and emotion regulation in couple relationships and parent-child interaction. The paper presents the most important theoretical models on emotions and family functioning and provides an overview of research investigating the association of positive emotions, negative emotions and emotion regulation with family relationships outcomes. First, we provided an overview on the functionality and social function of positive and negative emotions. Second, we investigated the role of positive and negative emotions in couple relationship and parent-child interaction. Third, we emphasized the role of specific intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulation strategies in couple relationships. Finally, we outlined the role of parents in child’s emotional development. The conclusions of our review support the importance of including emotions and emotion regulation strategies in counselling programs for couples and families.
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Chen, Sihua, Hua Xiao, Wei He, Jian Mou, Mikko Siponen, Han Qiu, and Feng Xu. "Determinants of Individual Knowledge Innovation Behavior." Journal of Organizational and End User Computing 33, no. 6 (November 2021): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/joeuc.20211101.oa27.
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With the upsurge of "emotional storm" in the field of organizational behavior, the studies on individual emotions in organizational context are rising. Especially the relationship between emotions and knowledge innovation has attracted much attention by scholars. In particular, individual emotions may exert great effect on knowledge innovation whereas the mechanism is still unclear. Based on the emotional event theory, this paper constructs a model which explores the interaction of positive and negative emotions with individual knowledge innovation. Based on questionnaire data analysis, the results show that knowledge sharing partly mediate the relationship between positive emotion and knowledge innovation as well as the relationship between negative emotion and knowledge innovation; team trust accentuates the relationship between positive emotion and knowledge innovation as well as the relationship between negative emotion and knowledge innovation. The above findings are helpful to clarify the impact mechanism of emotions on knowledge innovation.
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Deng, Xinmei, and Xuechen Ding. "Contra-Hedonic Attitudes Toward Pleasant Emotions in China: Links to Hedonism, Emotion Expression, and Depression." Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 38, no. 2 (February 2019): 140–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2019.38.2.140.
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Introduction: Contra-hedonic attitudes toward pleasant emotions are culturally dominant in Chinese culture, but less is known about its links with hedonism, emotion expression and depression. Method: We examined how attitudes toward pleasant emotions (measured by the Implicit Association Test) mediated the relation between hedonism and emotion expression (Study 1) and whether contra-hedonic attitudes toward pleasant emotions moderated the relation between emotion expression and depression (Study 2). Results: Chinese implicitly evaluated pleasant emotions as negative and valued hedonism less important in daily lives. As less important in Chinese culture, hedonism may shape individual emotion expression through the influence of implicit attitudes toward pleasant emotions. In line with prior research, emotion expression was associated with higher level of depression. However, this relation was moderated by the extent to which individual evaluated pleasant emotions as negative. Discussion: These findings highlight the importance of how people evaluate pleasant emotions to understand emotion expression and emotional states from a cultural perspective.
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Cui, Zhongliang, and Jing Liu. "A Study on Two Conditions for the Realization of Artificial Empathy and Its Cognitive Foundation." Philosophies 7, no. 6 (November 29, 2022): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies7060135.
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The realization of artificial empathy is conditional on the following: on the one hand, human emotions can be recognized by AI and, on the other hand, the emotions presented by artificial intelligence are consistent with human emotions. Faced with these two conditions, what we explored is how to identify emotions, and how to prove that AI has the ability to reflect on emotional consciousness in the process of cognitive processing, In order to explain the first question, this paper argues that emotion identification mainly includes the following three processes: emotional perception, emotional cognition and emotional reflection. It proposes that emotional display mainly includes the following three dimensions: basic emotions, secondary emotions and abstract emotions. On this basis, the paper proposes that the realization of artificial empathy needs to meet the following three cognitive processing capabilities: the integral processing ability of external emotions, the integral processing ability of proprioceptive emotions and the processing ability of integrating internal and external emotions. We are open to whether the second difficulty can be addressed. In order to gain the reflective ability of emotional consciousness for AI, the paper proposes that artificial intelligence should include consistency on identification of external emotions and emotional expression, processing of ontological emotions and external emotions, integration of internal and external emotions and generation of proprioceptive emotions.
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Cahyaningrum, Kartika, Fatima Az-Zahra, Zalsah Nabila Ananda, Nur Jumira, and Andi Muhammad Hijril Razak. "Emotion Introduction Program "Senia" (Non-Verbal Expression and Interaction Art for Activities) for ODGJ Patients tt Rskd Dadi in the City of Makassar." Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bestari 2, no. 11 (December 2, 2023): 1053–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/jpmb.v2i11.6982.
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People with mental disorders, especially schizophrenia, struggle to recognize and manage their emotions. Therefore, community-based rehabilitation programs like SENIA are necessary to help them develop an understanding of emotions, emotional expression, and empathy. This program involves activities such as emotion recognition, emotion identification through card games, practicing emotion recognition with pictures, and education on healthy emotional expression. The results of the first stage show patient participation, the second stage indicates improvement in their ability to identify and narrate emotions, and the third stage involves patients in expressing emotions healthily under expert guidance. Although the program is running well, there is a need to consider the development of programs that involve more individuals comprehensively and maximally.
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Cox, Elaine, and Tatiana Bachkirova. "Coaching with emotion: How coaches deal with difficult emotional situations." International Coaching Psychology Review 2, no. 2 (July 2007): 178–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsicpr.2007.2.2.178.
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Objectives:The coaching process can arouse emotion for both the client and the coach. Coaches then have a choice between either minimising the attention paid to emotional phenomena or working with emotions to achieve results. The objectives of this study were to investigate coaches’ personal theories of emotion and in particular their approach to dealing with difficult emotional situations within the coaching relationship.Design:A qualitative study was designed in order to explore coaches’ perspectives, theories and strategies for dealing with emotions. Data was analysed using a grounded theory approach to elicit a number of themes.Methods:The study collected data from 39 UK coaches, using a stem-sentence questionnaire approach.Results:Findings suggest that coaches can have very different viewpoints in relation to dealing with difficult emotional situations that arise when working with clients, dealing with them in one of four ways: using self-reflection or supervision, avoiding tackling the emotion considering it to belong to the client, actively exploring with the client,or referral of the client/termination. They also see control of their own emotions as important and recognised some gender related issues.Conclusions:Recommendations are made for an understanding of emotionsto be included in the education and training of coaches. The strengthening of supervision provision for coaches is also suggested.
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London, Justin. "Some theories of emotion in music and their implications for research in music psychology." Musicae Scientiae 5, no. 1_suppl (September 2001): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10298649020050s102.
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Work in musical aesthetics on musical meaning is relevant to psychological research on musical expressions of emotion. Distinctions between simple emotions, higher emotions, and moods are given, and arguments as to what kinds of emotions or moods music might be able to express (given music's semantic capacities and limitations) are summarized. Next, the question as to how music might express these emotions and moods is considered. The paper concludes with a number of cautionary points for researchers in the psychology of musical emotion: (1) musical expression always involves sonic properties, which must be taken into account. (2) If one uses “real world” musical stimuli, one may be faced with associative interference. (3) Context will often individuate emotional expression, transforming a simple emotion to a higher emotion by providing an intentional object. (4) There is not a simple linear relationship between intensity of a musical parameter and the intensity of an emotional expression. (5) Some perfectly good musical expressions of emotion may not arouse those emotions in the listener, yet it would be incorrect to call such passages “inexpressive.” (6) Any emotions aroused by listening to music, while similar to emotions that occur in non-musical contexts, will nonetheless have a number of important differences.
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Mendl, Michael, Oliver H. P. Burman, and Elizabeth S. Paul. "An integrative and functional framework for the study of animal emotion and mood." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277, no. 1696 (August 4, 2010): 2895–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.0303.
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A better understanding of animal emotion is an important goal in disciplines ranging from neuroscience to animal welfare science. The conscious experience of emotion cannot be assessed directly, but neural, behavioural and physiological indicators of emotion can be measured. Researchers have used these measures to characterize how animals respond to situations assumed to induce discrete emotional states (e.g. fear). While advancing our understanding of specific emotions, this discrete emotion approach lacks an overarching framework that can incorporate and integrate the wide range of possible emotional states. Dimensional approaches that conceptualize emotions in terms of universal core affective characteristics (e.g. valence (positivity versus negativity) and arousal) can provide such a framework. Here, we bring together discrete and dimensional approaches to: (i) offer a structure for integrating different discrete emotions that provides a functional perspective on the adaptive value of emotional states, (ii) suggest how long-term mood states arise from short-term discrete emotions, how they also influence these discrete emotions through a bi-directional relationship and how they may function to guide decision-making, and (iii) generate novel hypothesis-driven measures of animal emotion and mood.
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Lee, Joo-gang. "Mengzi and Zhuangzi’s Understanding of Emotions." Yeongnam Toegye Studies Institute 34 (June 30, 2024): 7–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33213/thlj.2024.0.34.7.
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In today's increasingly uncertain society, Zhuangzi is often praised as a great individualist who worships absolute freedom. Some call him an optimistic nihilist. However, if you focus on the Zhuangzi's argument about emotions, you doubt that he is a person who has neglected the feelings of himself and others. Because of this, it is very important to properly grasp the understanding of Zhuangzi’s opiniom towards emotions. As far as emotion is concerned, Mengzi and Zhuangzi are in different positions. Mengzi positively and actively embraced emotions, and furthermore laid the foundations of his studies on emotions. He saw heaven as a nature within man, and that nature manifests itself with emotion. Because of this, he argued that humans should live according to their emotions, and that social problems should also be dealt with based on emotions. On the other hand, Zhuangzi had an indifferent attitude toward emotions. He also saw that human beings can't be without emotions. At the same time he felt that the act of suppressing emotions was not appropriate. However, he insisted that because emotion interferes with mental and physical tranquility, it must be let go constantly. Modern emotional psychology determines that Zhuangzi's attitude toward emotion is unhealthy. Even if emotion makes me tired, I must actively embrace it and examine its cause and meaning. Instead of letting go of my feelings, I have to move in the direction it dictates. Only then will I be able to lead an emotional life with abundant emotions and empathy for others.
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von Scheve, Christian. "Comment: Emotions as Relational Orientations: Accounting for Culture and Social Structure." Emotion Review 13, no. 2 (April 2021): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754073921991234.
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The present contribution provides a constructive criticism of Brian Parkinson’s “Heart to Heart: A Relation-Alignment Approach to Emotion’s Social Effects.” I outline a number of points in Parkinson’s approach that I find particularly useful from a sociological perspective on emotions and provide suggestions for further extending his account. In doing so, I concentrate on issues regarding the social ontology of emotion, the proposition of emotional adjacency pairs in verbal and facial communication, the importance of social appraisals in intergroup contexts, and the relevance of social institutions for understanding how some emotions come to dominate certain social relations.
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Shargel, Daniel. "Appraisals, Emotions, and Inherited Intentional Objects." Emotion Review 9, no. 1 (November 11, 2016): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754073916658249.
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Modern appraisal theories inherited a problem from the Schachter theory: are emotions directed at intentional objects, and if so, why? On both theories the emotion is initiated by some sort of cognitive state, which according to Schachter produces a state of arousal, and according to appraisal theorists a cluster of emotion-specific states. If cognitions are components of the emotional state it may seem like we can explain why emotions inherit objects from those cognitions. In this article I focus on appraisal theories, and argue that appraisals are emotional components because they are synchronized with other emotion subsystems. However, emotions do not inherit their intentional objects from appraisals, because the appraisals that are emotional components are generic, rather than object-directed.
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Thornton, Mark A., and Diana I. Tamir. "Mental models accurately predict emotion transitions." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 23 (May 22, 2017): 5982–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1616056114.
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Successful social interactions depend on people’s ability to predict others’ future actions and emotions. People possess many mechanisms for perceiving others’ current emotional states, but how might they use this information to predict others’ future states? We hypothesized that people might capitalize on an overlooked aspect of affective experience: current emotions predict future emotions. By attending to regularities in emotion transitions, perceivers might develop accurate mental models of others’ emotional dynamics. People could then use these mental models of emotion transitions to predict others’ future emotions from currently observable emotions. To test this hypothesis, studies 1–3 used data from three extant experience-sampling datasets to establish the actual rates of emotional transitions. We then collected three parallel datasets in which participants rated the transition likelihoods between the same set of emotions. Participants’ ratings of emotion transitions predicted others’ experienced transitional likelihoods with high accuracy. Study 4 demonstrated that four conceptual dimensions of mental state representation—valence, social impact, rationality, and human mind—inform participants’ mental models. Study 5 used 2 million emotion reports on the Experience Project to replicate both of these findings: again people reported accurate models of emotion transitions, and these models were informed by the same four conceptual dimensions. Importantly, neither these conceptual dimensions nor holistic similarity could fully explain participants’ accuracy, suggesting that their mental models contain accurate information about emotion dynamics above and beyond what might be predicted by static emotion knowledge alone.
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Heraz, Alicia, and Manfred Clynes. "Recognition of Emotions Conveyed by Touch Through Force-Sensitive Screens: Observational Study of Humans and Machine Learning Techniques." JMIR Mental Health 5, no. 3 (August 30, 2018): e10104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/10104.
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Background Emotions affect our mental health: they influence our perception, alter our physical strength, and interfere with our reason. Emotions modulate our face, voice, and movements. When emotions are expressed through the voice or face, they are difficult to measure because cameras and microphones are not often used in real life in the same laboratory conditions where emotion detection algorithms perform well. With the increasing use of smartphones, the fact that we touch our phones, on average, thousands of times a day, and that emotions modulate our movements, we have an opportunity to explore emotional patterns in passive expressive touches and detect emotions, enabling us to empower smartphone apps with emotional intelligence. Objective In this study, we asked 2 questions. (1) As emotions modulate our finger movements, will humans be able to recognize emotions by only looking at passive expressive touches? (2) Can we teach machines how to accurately recognize emotions from passive expressive touches? Methods We were interested in 8 emotions: anger, awe, desire, fear, hate, grief, laughter, love (and no emotion). We conducted 2 experiments with 2 groups of participants: good imagers and emotionally aware participants formed group A, with the remainder forming group B. In the first experiment, we video recorded, for a few seconds, the expressive touches of group A, and we asked group B to guess the emotion of every expressive touch. In the second experiment, we trained group A to express every emotion on a force-sensitive smartphone. We then collected hundreds of thousands of their touches, and applied feature selection and machine learning techniques to detect emotions from the coordinates of participant’ finger touches, amount of force, and skin area, all as functions of time. Results We recruited 117 volunteers: 15 were good imagers and emotionally aware (group A); the other 102 participants formed group B. In the first experiment, group B was able to successfully recognize all emotions (and no emotion) with a high 83.8% (769/918) accuracy: 49.0% (50/102) of them were 100% (450/450) correct and 25.5% (26/102) were 77.8% (182/234) correct. In the second experiment, we achieved a high 91.11% (2110/2316) classification accuracy in detecting all emotions (and no emotion) from 9 spatiotemporal features of group A touches. Conclusions Emotions modulate our touches on force-sensitive screens, and humans have a natural ability to recognize other people’s emotions by watching prerecorded videos of their expressive touches. Machines can learn the same emotion recognition ability and do better than humans if they are allowed to continue learning on new data. It is possible to enable force-sensitive screens to recognize users’ emotions and share this emotional insight with users, increasing users’ emotional awareness and allowing researchers to design better technologies for well-being.
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Коlyadko, S. V. "PLOT, STORY, COMPOSITION IN THE EMOTIVE TEXT OF POETRY." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Humanitarian Series 63, no. 3 (August 25, 2018): 355–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/2524-2369-2018-63-3-355-365.
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In the article there is an attempt to enter emotion in the structure of work, namely to look at its action at the level of plot and composition. It becomes firmly established that an emotion is just the way to create a plot. The poetic work consists of emotional events, each of which has its own dominant emotion. Motion of these emotions forms composition of a plot. A thesis is grounded that emotional events, incorporated by a general emotion, express certain emotive topics that predetermine as a whole the development of a plot. Emotions are a part of poetic text, emotions determine its emotionality and serve as material for revealing of the emotions in a plot. It is noted that Maksim Tank gives preference to his anecdotal works where a little story is present and where elements of plot – emotive topics – are linked by a cause-and-effect relationship. But Yauheniya Yanishchyts avoids a strict efficiency of verse structure, she prefers to leave emotions and feelings free.
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Fernández-Dols, José-Miguel, Pilar Carrera, Alejandra Hurtado de Mendoza, and Luis Oceja. "Emotional Climate as Emotion Accessibility: How Countries Prime Emotions." Journal of Social Issues 63, no. 2 (June 2007): 339–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00512.x.
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Хворова, Екатерина. "Когнитивно-культурные, индивидуально-психологические и возрастные особенности способности к распознаванию эмоций." Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji 32, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0008.5641.
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This article describes the features of the development of the emotional sphere. It emphasizes the importance of the primary school age in the development of certain components of emotional intelligence, one of which is the ability to recognize emotions. In the early school years, children are able to understand emotions, but mostly with the help of their own emotional experience and/ or according to the situations they are used to experiencing, they mostly rely on the context of the situation, and, as we know, it does not always work correctly: different people in the same situations may experience completely different emotions. Few children are able to establish the reasons that caused other people emotions. Besides, one of the components of emotional intelligence is the ability to control one’s own emotions. Emotion regulation becomes available for children after the socialization associated with the first years at school. Child development is partly determined by the process of socialization, which determines specific cognitive representations of emotions, so called emotional prototypes. Also the culture in which the child grows up has effects on the process of emotion recognition and expression, so, for example, in the individualistic culture emotional expression and recognition is encouraged, and in collectivist cultures, there are certain rules of emotional expression fixing in which situations and to what extent the expression of emotions is permissible.
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Grosland, Tanetha. "Unraveling Interior and Exterior Circumstances." Departures in Critical Qualitative Research 12, no. 1 (2023): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/dcqr.2023.12.1.69.
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The role of emotions in leadership and policy research is often ignored, indicating the need for an investigation of how researchers’ emotions and the interpretation of emotion in research impact the research process itself. Although at times contradictory and controversial, emotion is the one terrain that unites us in personhood; yet how emotions are understood is said to be defined and controlled by politics. Inspired by critical theories, especially those concerning emotion, this essay aims to theoretically interrogate missed emotion cues when conducting emotional research. This investigation grew out of two research stories of antiracist pedagogy that are laden with emotions. Contemporary observations indicate that the experience of researching emotions (un)consciously alters a researcher’s emotions and thus radically impacts how one ultimately researches emotion. This suggests that emotions in leadership research on political subjects have serious and profound impacts on researchers in ways that are often misunderstood. Concluding remarks note the significant role that research guided by critical theory plays in understanding how scholars’ emotions impact their leadership and policy research on political subjects.
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Ben-Artzi, Elisheva, and Mario Mikulincer. "Lay Theories of Emotion: 4. Reactions to Negative and Positive Emotional Episodes." Imagination, Cognition and Personality 16, no. 1 (September 1996): 89–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/1kfw-fpr5-vep9-yq61.
Full textAbstract:
Seven studies assessed the relation between lay theories of emotion (“threat” and “benefit” appraisal) and cognitions and behaviors in positive and negative emotional episodes. Studies 1 and 2 examined such a relation via the assessment of the habitual cognitions and behaviors persons evince in negative (Study 1) and positive emotional states. Studies 3 through 7 assessed whether and how appraisals of emotion affect some frequently observed cognitive-behavioral consequences of positive and negative affect induction, such as self-focused off-task cognitions, causal attribution, helping behavior, optimism, and creativity. Threat appraisal of emotion was related to negative self-evaluation, off-task cognitions, pessimism, and passivity during negative emotions, and to causal search during positive emotions. Benefit appraisal was related to active coping with, and emotional expressiveness of negative emotions and to the generalization of positive emotions to other behavioral-cognitive areas (altruism, optimism, creativity). The results are discussed in terms of a goal approach to emotion and personality.