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Isabella, Giuliana. "The influence of emotional contagion on products evaluation." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/8195.
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Emotional Contagion is the mechanism that includes mimicking and the automatic synchronization of facial expressions, vocalizations, postures, and movements with another person and, consequently, convergence of emotions between the sender and receiver. Researches of this mechanism conducted usually in the fields of Psychology and Marketing tends to investigate face-to-face interactions. However, the question remains to what extent, if any, emotional contagion may occur with facial expressions in photos, since many purchase situations are brought on by catalogues or websites. This thesis has the goal to verify this gap and, in addition, verify whether emotional contagion is more common in females than in males as stated in previous studies. Emotions have been studied because it is intuitively apparent that emotions affect the dynamics of the interaction between a salesperson and customers (Verbeke, 1997); in other words, emotions may significantly affect consumer behavior. Therefore, this thesis also verified whether the facial expressions that transmit emotions could be associated to product evaluations. To investigate these questions, an experiment was done with 171 participants, which were exposed to either smiling (positive emotion) or neutral advertising. The differences between the individual advertisements were limited to the facial expressions of figures in the advertisements (either smiling or neutral/without smiling). One specialist and two students analyzed videotaped records of the participants’ responses, and found that participants who saw the positive stimulus mimicked the picture (smiling back) confirming the Emotional Contagion in Photos (the first hypothesis). The second hypothesis was to analyze if there is difference based in gender. The results demonstrated that there is not a significant difference between genders; female and male equally suffer Emotional Contagion. The third hypothesis was related to whether the positive emotions vs. neutral emotions acquired from the positive facial expression in the photo are associated to a positive evaluation of the product also displayed in the photo. Evidences show that the ad with a positive expression could change more positively the attitude, the sympathy, the reliability, and the intention of purpose of the participant compared to those who were exposed to the neutral condition. Therefore, the analysis concludes that the facial expressions displayed in photos produce emotional contagion and may interfere on the evaluation product. A discussion of the theoretical and practical implications and limitations for these findings are presented.
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Moore, Penny Louise. "Affect transfer : emotional contagion, social appraisal, and interpersonal history." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669956.
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Fortes, Neto Amyr Borges. "Giving emotional contagion ability to virtual agents in Crowds." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2017. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7769.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Modelos de simula??o de multid?es t?m tido um papel importante em ci?ncias da computa??o j? h? algumas d?cadas desde os trabalhos pioneiros. No in?cio, agentes simulados em multid?es comportavam-se todos da mesma maneira, e tal comportamento era controlado pelas mesmas regras em todos os agentes. Com o tempo, os modelos de simula??o evoluiram, e come?aram a agregar uma maior variedade de comportamentos nos agentes. Modelos de simula??o de multid?es que implementam diferentes comportamentos nos agentes s?o chamados modelos de Multid?es Heterog?neas, em oposi??o aos modelos de Multid?es Homog?neas precedentes. Modelos de simula??o de multid?es que buscam criar agentes com comportamentos humanos realistas exploram heterogeneidade nos comportamentos dos agentes, na tentativa de atingir tal realismo. Em geral, estudos em psicologia e comportamento humano s?o usados como conhecimento de base, e os comportamentos observados nestes estudos s?o simulados em agentes virtuais. Nesta dire??o, trabalhos recentes em simula??o de multid?es exploram caracter?sticas de personalidade e modelos de emo??es. No campo de emo??es em agentes virtuais, pesquisadores est?o tentando recriar fen?menos de cont?gio de emo??es em pequenos grupos de agentes, ou mesmo estudar o impacto de cont?gio de emo??o entre agentes virtuais e participantes humanos. Sob a cren?a de que cont?gio de emo??o em agentes virtuais possa levar a comportamentos mais realistas em multi?es, este trabalho foca em recriar modelos computacionais de cont?gio de emo??es destinados a pequenos grupos de agentes, adaptando estes modelos para um contexto de simula??o de multid?es.
Crowd simulation models have been playing an important role in computer sciences for a few decades now, since pioneer works. At the beginning, agents simulated on crowds behaved all the same way, such behaviour being controlled by the same set of rules. In time, simulation models evolved and began to incorporate greater variety of behaviours. Crowd simulation models that implement different agent behaviours are so-called Heterogeneous Crowd models, opposing to former Homogeneous Crowd models. Advances in crowd simulation models that attempt to make agents with more realistic human-like behaviours explore heterogeneity of agent behaviours in order to achieve overall simulation realism. In general, human behavioural and psychological studies are used as base of knowledge to simulate observed human behaviours within virtual agents. Toward this direction, later crowd simulation works explore personality traits and emotion models. Some other work in the field of emotional virtual agents, researchers are attempting to recreate emotion contagion phenomena in small groups of agents, and even studying emotion contagion impact between virtual agents and human participants. Under the belief that emotion contagion in virtual agents might lead to more realistic behaviours on crowds, this work is focused on recreating emotion contagion computational models designed for small groups of agents, and adapting it for crowd simulation context.
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Zollo, Fabiana. "Emotional contagion and group polarization: experimental evidence on Facebook." Thesis, IMT Alti Studi Lucca, 2016. http://e-theses.imtlucca.it/200/1/Zollo_phdthesis.pdf.
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Information, rumors, debates shape and reinforce the perception
of reality and heavily impact public opinion. Indeed, the
way in which individuals influence each other is one of the
foundational challenges in several disciplines such as sociology,
social psychology, and economics. One of the most
fascinating and powerful mechanisms of social contagion is
that of group polarization. The phenomenon manifests when
like-minded people discuss and reinforce their shared views
thus ending up in a more extreme position. The core of the research
work presented in this thesis explores the phenomenon
of group polarization on online social media. We focus on
the Italian and US pages providing scientific and conspiracy
information and we analyze a) users’ emotional dynamics
and b) their response to dissenting information. We offer
tight quantitative evidence about the existence of echo chambers
on online social media. Users tend to promote their beliefs
and to form highly polarized groups. Furthermore, dealing
with untrusted opponents in online discussion results for
users in a major commitment with respect to their own echo
chamber.
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Lin, Shu-Fang. "Media enjoyment as a function of individual responses and emotional contagion." Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1123862440.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 126 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 119-126). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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CARRETERO, MIGUEL RAMOS. "Expression of Emotion in Virtual Crowds:Investigating Emotion Contagion and Perception of Emotional Behaviour in Crowd Simulation." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-153966.
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Emotional behaviour in the context of crowd simulationis a topic that is gaining particular interest in the area of artificial intelligence. Recent efforts in this domain havelooked for the modelling of emotional emergence and socialinteraction inside a crowd of virtual agents, but further investigation is still needed in aspects such as simulation of emotional awareness and emotion contagion. Also, in relation to perception of emotions, many questions remain about perception of emotional behaviour in the context of virtual crowds.This thesis investigates the current state-of-the-art of emotional characters in virtual crowds and presents the implementation of a computational model able to generate expressive full-body motion behaviour and emotion contagion in a crowd of virtual agents. Also, as a second part of the thesis, this project presents a perceptual study in which the perception of emotional behaviour is investigated in the context of virtual crowds. The results of this thesis reveal some interesting findings in relation to the perception and modelling of virtual crowds, including some relevant effectsin relation to the influence of emotional crowd behaviourin viewers, specially when virtual crowds are not the mainfocus of a particular scene. These results aim to contribute for the further development of this interdisciplinary area of computer graphics, artificial intelligence and psychology.Emotionellt beteende i simulerade folkmassor är ett ämne med ökande intresse, inom området för artificiell intelligens. Nya studier har tittat på modellen för social interaktion inuti en grupp av virtuella agenter, men fortsatt utredning behövs fortfarande inom aspekter så som simulation av emotionell medvetenhet och emotionell smitta. Också, när det gäller synen på känslor, kvarstår många frågor kring synen på känslomässigt beteende i samband med virtuella folkmassor. Denna studie undersöker de nuvarande "state-of-theart" emotionella egenskaperna i virtuella folksamlingar och presenterar implementationen av en datormodell som kan generera smittsamma känslor i en grupp av virtuella agenter. Också, när det gäller synen på känslor, kvarstår många frågor kring synen på känslomässigt beteende i samband med virtuella folksamlingar. Som en andra del av denna avhandlingen presenteras, i detta projekt, en perceptuell studie där uppfattningen av emotionella beteenden undersöks i samband med virtuella folksamlingar.
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Marx, Anton [Verfasser], and Anne [Akademischer Betreuer] Frenzel. "Advancing research on emotional contagion / Anton Marx ; Betreuer: Anne Frenzel." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1237221560/34.
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Geretti, Riccardo, and Arne Mahnken. "The Emotional Side of Innovation : The Role of Leader’s Emotional Intelligence in influencing Innovation Implementation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-74650.
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Today’s organizations struggle to remain competitive within the contemporary turbulent business environment and are therefore demanded to develop and implement new working processes. Organizations, although striving for innovation, frequently fail to fully benefit from them due to implementation failures. An often-disregarded issue is the entanglement of emotions during this phase. Thus, this thesis aims to investigate how innovation implementation is related to emotions, addressing it towards the team’s working climate and leader’s emotional intelligence. For this purpose, we employ a conceptual research approach to build an integrated conceptual model that, by proposing hypotheses and propositions, may serve as a starting point for future empirical studies. With this model, we suggest that leaders with higher levels of emotional intelligence, by the mindful management of emotions, can consciously influence the emotional contagion process and therefore affect the team climate. By establishing a climate for innovation characterized by a team vision, participative safety, task orientation and support for innovation, emotionally intelligent leaders can thus positively influence innovation implementation. The thesis does thereby contribute to an understanding of the factors that affect innovation implementation within teams.
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MacLean, Evan L., Rachna B. Reddy, Christopher Krupenye, and Brian Hare. "No evidence for contagious yawning in lemurs." SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621015.
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Among some haplorhine primates, including humans, relaxed yawns spread contagiously. Such contagious yawning has been linked to social bonds and empathy in some species. However, no studies have investigated contagious yawning in strepsirhines. We conducted an experimental study of contagious yawning in strepsirhines, testing ring-tailed and ruffed lemurs (n = 24) in a paradigm similar to one that has induced contagious yawning in haplorhines. First, in a control experiment, we investigated whether lemurs responded to projected video content in general (experiment 1). We showed them two videos to which we expected differential responses: one featured a terrestrial predator and the other a caretaker holding food. Next, to test for yawn contagion, we showed individual lemurs life-size video projections of groupmates and conspecific strangers yawning, and control footage of the same individuals at rest (experiment 2). Then, to examine whether a group context might enhance or allow for contagion, we exposed subjects to the same videos in a group setting (experiment 3). Lemurs produced alarm vocalizations and moved upward while viewing the predator, but not the caretaker, demonstrating that they do perceive video content meaningfully. However, lemurs did not yawn in response to yawning stimuli when tested alone, or with their groupmates. This study provides preliminary evidence that lemurs do not respond to yawning stimuli similarly to haplorhines, and suggests that this behavior may have evolved or become more exaggerated in haplorhines after the two major primate lineages split.
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Tarr, Emily K. "Power and Emotional Contagion: The Role of Attention, Relational Identification, and Trust." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1469021976.
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Strazdins, Lyndall, and lyndall strazdins@anu edu au. "Emotional Work: A Psychological View." The Australian National University. Faculty of Science, 2000. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20010906.171501.
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At work and in the family, people do emotional work to meet other people's emotional needs, improve their wellbeing, and maintain social harmony. Emotional work is unique and skilled work - it involves handling emotions and social relationships and its product is the change of feeling in others. ¶
The thesis extends the work of Erickson and Wharton (1993, 1997) and England (1992, England & Farkas, 1986) by adding a psychological perspective. Emotional work is defined in terms of behaviours. Three dimensions, companionship, help and regulation, distinguish whether positive or negative emotions in other people are the target of emotional work. Companionship builds positive emotions, whereas help and regulation repairs and regulates negative emotions. ¶
Two studies, the Public Service Study (n=448) and the Health Care Study (n=261), sample different work and family role contexts (spouse, parent, kinkeeper and friendship, manager, workmate and service roles). The Integrative Emotional Work (IEW) Inventory was developed to assess emotional work in these roles. ¶
Emotional work is not just women's work. Younger people and those from ethnic minority backgrounds also do more emotional work. In contexts where it is not rewarded, emotional work is done by those with lower status. Emotional work is responsive and increases when other people are distressed. It is an aspect of the domestic division of labour, and influenced by workplace climate. Although personality is a factor, some determinants are modifiable. People do more emotional work when they have the skills, when it is saliently prescribed, and when it is rewarded and recognised. ¶
Emotional work is costly to those who do it and combines in its effects across work and family roles. When people do emotional work they 'catch' emotions from others (Hatfield, Cacioppo, & Rapson, 1994). Handling positive emotions in others improves wellbeing. However, handling negative emotions in others relates to a wide range of psychological health problems. These health costs are mitigated when emotional work is rewarded. Emotional work's devaluation sets in train social group differences in its performance, and confers both material (England & Folbre, 1999) and health disadvantages on those who do it.
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Hellström, Magnus, and Erik Forsgren. "Contagious Defenses : Interaction of Emotional Contagion and Defense Styles in a Business Context with Regard to the Resistance to Change." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-19923.
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Companies have always had to adapt to external changes by innovation and reorganisation, in order to stay competitive and survive. For many industries, such as the automotive industry for example the need to quickly adapt to new conditions is expected to increase. In the automotive industry this is due to amongst other factors the globalised value chains and megatrends such as decarbonisation, autonomous vehicles and shared mobility. The megatrends could possibly be disruptive for the industry. Therefore, the ability to successfully implement necessary changes is a key ability. Defense mechanisms are psychological strategies that are unconsciously used to protect a person from anxiety arising from unacceptable thoughts or feelings. While protecting the individual from anxiety, they often result in a resistance to changes and is therefore problematic for organisations in need of implementing change. Emotional contagion is a subconscious process that can make people emotionally converge. The authors propose that within a business context, emotional contagion enables stable organizational groups to converge with regard to which defense mechanisms that are employed. Within a case study of the automotive supplier Swedish Electro Magnets a quantitative analysis of defense styles was conducted based on the Defense Style Questionnaire on groups in the organisation. Three defense style categories were analysed Mature, Neurotic and Immature defense styles. For Mature defense styles significant findings confirmed that stable groups do converge with regard to what mechanisms are employed. Neurotic defense styles were not found significant, however these results are rather uncertain with a power of 15 %. Immature defense styles could not be analysed because of inhomogeneity of variance between the groups on this variable. The study shows that the two theories of Emotional contagion and Defence mechanism are interacting within the organisation of Swedish Electro Magnets with regard to Mature defense styles. The study also finds a large effect size, that suggests that the differences in the defense styles are visible to the naked eye of a careful observer. The large effect size makes the findings a promising field for further research to ultimately reduce the resistance to change in organisations.Företag har alltid behövt anpassa sig till yttre omständigheter genom innovation och omorganisering för att bevara sin konkurrenskraft och överleva. För många branscher som exempelvis fordonsindustrin, förväntas behovet av att snabbt kunna anpassa sig till nya omständigheter öka. Bland annat på grund av globaliserade värdekedjor och megatrender såsom koldioxidneutralitet, självkörande fordon och delad mobilitet. Potentiellt kan megatrender verka disruptivt för industrin. Därför är förmågan att framgångsrikt implementera förändring en nyckelfaktor Defense mechanisms är undermedvetna psykologiska strategier använda för att skydda en person från ångest som uppkommer från oacceptabla tankar eller känslor. Medan individen skyddas från ångest, leder ofta också Defense mechanisms till motstånd till förändring och är därför problematiskt för företag som är i behov av att implementera förändring. Emotional contagion är en undermedveten process som kan få personer att känslomässigt konvergera. Författarna föreslår att i företagssammanhang kan Emotional contagion få stabila grupper att konvergera med avseende på vilka Defense mechanisms som används av medlemmarna i gruppen. I en fallstudie på fordonsindustri underleverantören Swedish Electro Magnets har en kvantitativ studie genomförts baserat på självskattningsformuläret defense style Questionnaire på grupper i organisationen. Tre defense style kategorier undersöktes Mature, Neurotic och Immature. För Mature defense styles fanns signifikanta resultat vilka konfirmerade att stabila grupper konvergerar för vilka Defense mechanisms som används. Neurotic defense styles gav inte signifikanta resultat. Dessa resultat är dock osäkra då analysens styrka endast var 15 %. Immature defense styles kunde inte analyseras på grund av inhomogenitet i variansen mellan grupperna för denna variabel. Studien visar att de två teorierna Emotional contagion och Defense mechanisms interagerar i organisationen Swedish Electro Magnets med avseende på Mature defense styles. Studien fastslår också att det föreligger en stor effektstorlek, vilket tyder på att skillnader i defense styles är synlig för blotta ögat för en uppmärksam observatör. Den stora effektstorleken medför att fynden utgör ett lovande fält för fortsatt forskning vilket slutligen kan leda till att motstånd till förändring i organisationer kan reduceras.
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Pettersson, Erik. "Påverkar animerade agenter minneskapaciteten hos användaren?" Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-938.
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Under de senaste åren har det blivit allt tydligare och fler resultat pekar på att kroppsliga tillstånd, såsom ansiktsuttryck, och människans informationsbearbetning är sammankopplade. Det har även visat sig att människor härmar varandras ansiktsuttryck och därigenom förändrar sina emotionella tillstånd. På senare år har det även börjat dyka upp allt fler animerade agenter som ska hjälpa användaren med datorprogram, hemsidor och lärande datorspel. Härmar en användare då även en animerad agents ansiktsuttryck precis som en verklig människa? Den här studien ska undersöka huruvida användaren till ett datorspel härmar den animerade agentens ansiktsuttryck och om det i sin tur påverkar dennes informationsbearbetning. I studien användes ett datorspel där en agent som hade antingen ett glatt, neutralt eller ledset ansiktsuttryck presenterade negativa, neutrala och positiva ord i en pratbubbla. Användarna fick sedan skriva ner så många ord som de kom ihåg. Resultaten visade att deltagarna inte härmade agentens ansiktsuttryck och att agenten inte hade påverkat deras informationsbearbetning.
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Stokes, Jeffrey E. "What's Love Got To Do With It? Marital Quality and Mental Health in Older Age." Thesis, Boston College, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107337.
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Thesis advisor: Sara M. MoormanThere is much prior research on the benefits of marriage for adults, including for mental and physical health (Carr and Springer 2010). Further research has demonstrated that the quality of one’s marriage provides benefits, and not merely the status itself (see Carr and Springer 2010; Proulx, Helms, and Buehler 2007). A close, salient relationship such as marriage is not experienced in isolation, but is rather an interpersonal system, where the characteristics, feelings, and opinions of each partner can influence the other (Berscheid and Ammazzalorso 2001; Carr et al. 2014; Moorman 2016). However, less research has been performed that takes advantage of dyadic data to determine whether and how a partner’s marital quality may affect one’s own well-being (Carr et al. 2014; Kenny 1996). Moreover, emotional experiences rarely remain truly private; individuals unconsciously signal and express their feelings to others, and can even transmit these emotional experiences to close social partners (Christakis and Fowler 2013; Hatfield, Cacioppo, and Rapson 1994). The present dissertation examines the associations among older husbands’ and wives’ marital quality and well-being, using two sources of dyadic data, a range of measures of marital quality and well-being, and advanced analytic strategies appropriate for longitudinal and cross-sectional data. Older couples can differ from their younger and midlife counterparts, as both men and women trim their broader social networks in later life and increasingly focus on their closest and most rewarding relationships, such as marriage (Carstensen, Isaacowitz, and Charles 1999; Mancini and Bonanno 2006). Gendered roles may shift in later life, as well, as older adults cease activities such as child-rearing and full-time employment (Bookwala 2012). Thus, potential differences according to gender are also explicitly tested. The results of this dissertation will shed greater light on how older couples’ perceptions of marital quality influence various aspects of spouses’ well-being, cross-sectionally and over time. Mutual Influence and Older Married Adults’ Anxiety Symptoms: Results from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing analyzes cross-sectional dyadic data from 1,114 married older couples surveyed in the initial wave of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA; Kenny 2014), 2009-2011. Dyadic structural equation models (SEM) examined the direct and indirect associations between husbands’ and wives’ reports of marital strain and generalized anxiety symptoms in later life. Findings revealed that perceptions of marital strain were related with husbands’ and wives’ own generalized anxiety symptoms. Further, husbands’ anxiety symptoms were significantly related with wives’ anxiety symptoms, and vice versa, illustrating bi-directional feedback. Lastly, husbands’ and wives’ perceptions of marital strain were significantly indirectly related with their partners’ anxiety symptoms, with these associations being mediated by spouses’ own anxiety symptoms. These results suggest that emotional contagion may be the pathway for partner effects of marital strain on spouses’ well-being. Findings also suggest that efforts to reduce anxiety symptoms may be most effective when taking marital context and quality into account. Two-Wave Dyadic Analysis of Marital Quality and Loneliness in Later Life: Results From The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing analyzes dyadic reports of marital quality and loneliness over a two-year period, using longitudinal dyadic data collected from 932 older married couples who participated in both of the first two waves of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), collected from 2009-2013. Two-wave lagged dependent variable (LDV) models tested the cognitive perspective on loneliness, emotional contagion theory, and actor-partner interdependence by examining whether husbands’ and wives’ reports of marital quality and loneliness at baseline predicted both spouses’ loneliness two years later. Results indicated that one’s own perceptions of negative marital quality at baseline were related with greater loneliness after two years, supporting the cognitive perspective on loneliness. Further, both spouses’ reports of loneliness at baseline were related with loneliness two years later, supporting emotional contagion theory. Partners’ reports of marital quality were not related with future loneliness, failing to support actor-partner interdependence. Do “His” and “Her” Marriage Influence One Another? Older Spouses’ Marital Quality Over Four Years uses two-wave longitudinal data from the Disability and Use of Time (DUST) supplement to the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to examine associations between husbands’ and wives’ reports of marital quality over a four-year period. The sample consisted of 209 older married couples who participated in both the 2009 and 2013 waves of DUST. Lagged dependent variable (LDV) models tested whether older husbands’ and wives’ perceptions of marital quality are themselves subject to emotional contagion, by examining whether baseline reports of marital quality were related with one’s own and a partner’s marital quality after four years. Results indicated that (a) husbands reported better marital quality than their wives in both 2009 and 2013, (b) for both husbands and wives, baseline marital quality was significantly related with both one’s own and one’s partner’s marital quality four years later, and (c) there were no differences in effects according to gender. These findings offer support for the framework of “his” and “her” marriage, as well as emotional contagion theory. Together, these papers examine whether and how older spouses’ reports of marital quality and well-being are associated with one another, with a particular emphasis on assessing emotional contagion as a potential explanation and mechanism for dyadic partner effects. The results of these articles contribute empirically and theoretically to the literature(s) on marital quality and well-being; spousal interdependence; and emotional contagion. I discuss the implications of these articles for theory and future research concerning marriage and well-being in later life
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Collignon, Stéphane. "La figurine cisanthrope, humanité liminale et contagion affective dans le cinéma d'animation." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209000.
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À travers une séries d'études de cas éclairées par l'apport de l'éthologie, l'histoire de l'art, la psychologie cognitive et les neurosciences, cette thèse tente de répondre au paradoxe apparent du cinéma d'animation qui rend les personnages stylisés et caricaturaux sont plus à même de faire oublier leurs artificialité que les personnages visant au plus grand réalisme. / Through a series of case studies, supported by reasearch in art history, ethology, cognitive psychology and neuroscience, this dissertation aims at explaining the strange animated film paradox that makes stylised and caricatural characters more efficient than characters tending towards strong realism at overcoming their artificialitDoctorat en Information et communication
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Sestak, Nathan J. "Psychological Contagion within the Supervisor-Subordinate Dyad: An Experience Sampling Investigation of Mood and Job Attitude Contagion at Work." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1207946471.
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Schwartz, Jay W. "The Novel Application of Emotional Contagion Theory to Black andMantled Howler Monkey (Alouatta pigra and A. palliata) Vocal Communication." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429033201.
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Patronilho, Ana Carolina de Carvalho. "O papel das emoções na e-negociação." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/16146.
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A negociação é moldada pelas emoções, sem elas não haveria negociação, uma vez que são fonte de informação, preditores, consequência e tática. Neste estudo, tendo em conta a importância das emoções pretendeu-se estudar o seu papel na e-negociação. Para tal foi aplicada, a um universo de 60 sujeitos a Job Emotional Scale (JES) elaborada por Fisher antes e depois de uma tarefa negocial online em tempo real. A 22 participantes foram induzidas emoções positivas, em 23 negativas e neutras nas restantes. Os resultados obtidos revelam que não houve relação entre as emoções induzidas e a quantidade de acordos alcançados, no entanto os participantes mostraram perceber a valência das emoções que o outro ator manifestou, não apresentando contágio emocional, indo contra o previsto. Em grande parte estes resultados são explicados pela dimensão e características da amostra assim como pelo conceito de cortesia, pela ausência de tempo para completar a negociação e pela suscetibilidade ao contágio emocional; The role of emotions in the e-negotiation
Abstract:
Emotions shape negotiation, without them there was no negotiation once they are,
source of information, predictors, consequence and tactic. In this study, and having
considered the importance of emotions, it was intended to study his role in enegotiation.
For such, it was applied the Job Emotional Scale created by Fisher (1997)
to a universe of 60 subjects, after and before an online negotiation task. To 22
participants where were induced positive emotions, to 23 negative emotions and
neutral emotions to the rest of the participants. The results obtained showed that
wasn’t a relation between induced emotions and de quantity of agreements obtained,
but, the subjects could perceive the emotional valence manifested by the other actor,
they do not were emotionally contagiated by them. In major part, this results are
explained by the size and characteristics of the sample, by the politeness concept, the
absence of time pressure to complete the negotiation and by the emotion contagion
susceptibility.
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Didry, Nico. "Les dynamiques émotionnelles collectives dans la consommation expérientielle : approche ethnomarketing de l'expérience de festival." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAG003/document.
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Cette thèse s’intéresse à la compréhension des mécanismes de partage d’émotions et de vécu affectif collectif en situation de consommation d’événement récréatif comme les festivals. L’émotion est étudiée d’un point de vue collectif et l’attention est focalisée sur les émotions positives, ce qui confère une double originalité à ce travail. Notre démarche relève d’un processus abductif articulé autour de phases successives d’immersions ethnographiques dans les rassemblements festifs des communautés glisse et psytrance et d’un recours à une littérature multidisciplinaire, significatif de notre inscription dans le courant de recherche de la théorie culturelle de la consommation (CCT).Il ressort que les transferts d’émotion sont centraux dans l’expérience de consommation événementielle. Les processus de partage d’émotion et de contagion émotionnelle sont omniprésents et contribuent à la création d’émotions collectives dont le vécu est recherché par le festivalier ou le spectateur. Ces dynamiques émotionnelles, qui sont en lien étroit avec la notion d’appartenance à la communauté, façonnent les logiques de consommation des festivaliers et influent sur leur rapport à l’expérience. L’ancrage socioculturel des dynamiques émotionnelles est aussi validé par nos résultats.Appréhender l’expérience par la dimension émotionnelle collective nous a permis de proposer une approche singulière de l’expérience et des cadres d’analyse spécifiques au contexte des festivals et des spectacles vivants. En outre, ce travail ouvre de nombreuses perspectives de recherche sur de nouvelles notions que notre analyse a permis de mettre à jour, comme celle de leader d’émotion, de style émotionnel et de densité émotionnelleThis thesis focuses on the understanding of sharing emotions mechanisms and collective emotional experiences in recreational event consumption situation like festivals. The emotion is studied from a collective point of view and the attention is focused on positive emotions, giving this work a double originality. We adopted an abductive process that is articulated around successive phases of ethnographic immersions in festive gatherings of the action sport and the psytrance communities, and a use of multidisciplinary literature significant to to our registration in the Consumption Cultural Theory (CCT) research stream.Our results show that transfers of emotion are central in the event consumer experience. The process of emotional sharing and emotional contagion are ubiquitous and contribute to the creation of collective emotions that the experience is sought by the festival consumer or the event spectator. These emotional dynamics that are closely linked with the notion of belonging to the community, are shaping the consumption logics of the festival visitors, and are influencing their relation to the experience. The socio-cultural anchor of emotional dynamics is also confirmed by our results.Understanding the experience with the collective emotional dimension has allowed us to offer a unique approach to the experience and specific analytical frameworks to the context of festivals and live performances. In addition, this work opens many research perspectives on new concepts that our analysis was to update, such as emotional leader, emotional style and emotional density
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Nilsson, Felix, and Minelius David Lindsten. "Love to Help: The Roles of Compassion and Empathy in Regards to Altruism." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-83885.
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Unresolved global problems, such as extreme poverty, ask for a better understanding of what predicts altruism and what does not. The aim of this thesis project was to address this topical and timely research question by studying the predictive role of compassion and empathy in understanding altruism. In past research on the relationship between altruism and empathy, distinct empathic processes (Perspective taking, Empathic concern, Personal distress, Emotional contagion, and Behavioral contagion) have been often lumped together and the context dependency of the relationship has been insufficiently taken into account, resulting in confusion and contradictory findings. Compassion overcomes these issues. The present web-based survey with previous or current university students (age 18-45; N=240) aimed to clarify relationships between components of empathy, compassion, and altruism. It was hypothesized that (1) compassion would predict altruism beyond all components of empathy; (2) Empathic concern would mediate the relationship between Perspective taking and altruism; (3) compassion would mediate the relationship between Empathic concern and altruism, and (4) higher levels of compassion would result in a reduced negative relationship between Personal distress and altruism. The results supported all hypotheses except for the final one. These findings are discussed in context of previous research and theory, considering the current study limitations and with focus on theoretical and practical implications. In sum, the findings suggest that efforts to motivate altruism should focus on invoking positive emotions of warmth, concern, and relatability. Care should be taken to avoid unnecessary Personal distress when invoking altruism, as this reduces its likelihood.
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Bourgais, Mathieu. "Vers des agents cognitifs, affectifs et sociaux dans la simulation." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMIR20/document.
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Au cours des dernières années, l'utilisation de simulations à base d'agents pour étudier les systèmes sociaux s'est étendue à de nombreux domaines (géographie, écologie, sociologie, économie, etc.). Ces simulations visent à reproduire des situations réelles impliquant des acteurs humains ; il est donc nécessaire d'y intégrer des agents complexes reproduisant le comportement des personnes simulées. Par conséquent, des notions telles que la cognition, les émotions, la personnalité, les relations sociales ou les normes doivent être prises en compte. Pour autant, il n'existe actuellement aucune architecture d'agent intégrant toutes ces caractéristiques et pouvant être utilisée par la majorité des modélisateurs, y compris ceux n'étant pas expert en programmation informatique. Dans cette thèse, l'architecture BEN (Behavior with Emotions and Norms) est présentée pour répondre à cette question. Il s'agit d'une architecture modulaire basée sur le modèle BDI de la cognition avec des modules pour ajouter des émotions, de la contagion émotionnelle, une personnalité, des relations sociales et des normes au comportement des agents. Ces dimensions comportementales sont formalisées de manière à ce qu'elles puissent fonctionner ensemble pour produire un comportement crédible dans le contexte des simulations sociales. L'architecture est implémentée dans la plate-forme de simulation GAMA afin de la rendre utilisable par la communauté des simulations sociales. Enfin, BEN est utilisé pour étudier deux cas d'évacuation d'une boîte de nuit en feu, montrant que l'architecture est actuellement utilisable à travers son implémentation dans GAMA et qu'elle permet aux modélisateurs de reproduire des situations réelles impliquant des acteurs humainsOver the last few years, the use of agent-based simulations to study social systems has spread to many domains (e.g. geography, ecology, sociology, economy). These simulations aim to reproduce real life situations involving human beings and thus need to integrate complex agents to match the behavior of the people simulated. Therefore, notions such as cognition, emotions, personality, social relations or norms have to be taken into account, but currently there is no agent architecture that could incorporate all these features and be used by the majority of modelers, including those with low levels of skills in programming. In this thesis, the BEN (Behavior with Emotions and Norms) architecture is introduced to tackle this issue. It is a modular architecture based on the BDI model of cognition featuring modules for adding emotions, emotional contagion, personality, social relations and norms to agent behavior. These behavioral dimensions are formalised in a way so they may operate together to produce a believable behavior in the context of social simulations. The architecture is implemented into the GAMA simulation platform in order to make it usable by the social simulation community. Finally, BEN is used to study two cases of evacuation of a nightclub on fire, showing it is currently usable throught its implementation into GAMA and it enables modelers to reproduce real life situations involving human actors
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Sundberg, Fredrik. "Influencern och den gordiska knuten : En studie om gestaltningen av psykisk ohälsa i sociala medier." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Centrum för socialt arbete - CESAR, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412747.
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This essay examines influencers’ framing of mental illness and how the framing could possibly affect the growing problem of mental illness among Swedish youth. Previous research concerning mental illness among youth, social media and social contagion is presented as a basic understanding of the problem at hand. Approximately 16 000 Instagram posts from Sweden’s most influential Instagram accounts were reviewed for content about mental illness. Posts containing descriptions of mental illness were extracted and analyzed using thematical analysis. The main finding from the thematical analysis was that influencers tended to use The Hero’s Journey dramaturgy in the framing of mental illness. The main conclusion made from the study was that influencer framing of mental health issues, consciously or unconsciously, tended to augment mental illness in a number of ways. The influencers seemed to have developed specializations in different forms of mental illness. The specialized influencer took upon him/herself the role of a mentor to followers experiencing symptoms of the same type of mental illness, leading them on for their own Hero’s Journey. Hence, the mechanisms of The Hero’s Journey were shown to, in themselves, have a tendency to increase the contagious effects of mental illness.
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Faria, Ana Catarina Pestana. "A complexidade interna do "cuidar" em medicina familiar: o impacto da profissão nos médicos de família." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/27927.
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A presente investigação, detém como principal objetivo estudar o fenómeno da fadiga por compaixão e do contágio emocional, na prática clínica dos médicos de família do ACES Estatuário do Tejo. Estes fenómenos, foram estudados em função de algumas variáveis sociodemográficas sendo ainda estudada a relação entre estes construtos. Para tal, aplicou-se um questionário sociodemográfico, a Escala de Qualidade de Vida Profissional, Versão 5 (ProQOL-5) e a Escala de Contágio Emocional (ECE), numa amostra de 38 médicos de família. Os resultados indicam que a amostra apresenta níveis baixos a moderados de fadiga por compaixão e uma elevada suscetibilidade ao contágio emocional, especialmente pelas emoções positivas. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nos resultados em função das variáveis sociodemográficas. Constataram-se correlações entre as dimensões do ProQOL-5, bem como entre as dimensões do ProQOL-5 e a ECE. Verificou-se uma relação preditiva entre a suscetibilidade ao contágio pelas emoções positivas e a satisfação por compaixão; The internal complexity of “caring” in family medicine: The impact of the profession on family physicians
Abstract:
The main objective of this investigation was to study the phenomenon of compassion fatigue and emotional contagion, in the clinical practice of family physicians at ACES Estatuário do Tejo. These phenomena were studied according to some sociodemographic variables, and the relationship between them was also analyzed. For this, it was applied a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Professional Quality of Life Scale, Version 5 (ProQOL-5) and the Emotional Contagion Scale (ECE), in a sample of 38 family physicians. The results indicate that the sample has low to moderate levels of compassion fatigue and a high susceptibility to emotional contagion, especially from positive emotions. No significant differences were found in the results concerning the sociodemographic variables. Correlations were found between the dimensions of the ProQOL-5, as well as between the dimensions of ProQOL-5 and ECE. It was also found a predictive relationship between susceptibility to contagion of positive emotions and compassion satisfaction.
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Komaromi, Haque Judit. "Synchronized Dining Tangible mediated communication for remote commensality." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21898.
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This thesis discusses commensality as a significant social activity, that helps to maintain and strengthen social bonds. It also examines the sense of touch as a communication channel, and provides an insight to how it can be used to communicate affect. Touch as contextualized medium and its relevance to interaction design is investigated. Based on studies made in psychology, physiology, sociology and communication it aims to find an answer to the question: ”How may we create togetherness -with the help of an interactive device- between loved ones separated by distance during dining, through remote communication?” In order to meet the objectives of the above question this research followed the Research Through Design methodology, with series of workshops and prototyping sessions.
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Al-Kasadi, Mohammed Saleh Salim. "Modeling the propagation of the consumption of two emergent businesses: Fitness Practice and Plastic Surgery." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/39795.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years there has emerged a new trend focused on the body image in the Western countries. Our society is concerned with people's physical appearance and ideal body image. As consequence of this trend, two businesses emerge: fitness centers and plastic surgery clinics.
Traditionally the consumers' expenditure in these services and goods has been considered a luxury especially during the economic slowdown. However, in the recent times, (at end of 2000s both service sectors are showing an increasing trend in terms of activity and business size). Thus, customers have seen the practice of fitness and plastic surgery procedures as a necessity rather than a luxury.
The two kinds of products considered: fitness practice and plastic surgery procedures are of different nature; however they share several commonalities from the analysis point of view.
In particular, referred to the fitness practice business, this involves a parallel increase of related economic sectors such as sports clothing, energy drinks and sports equipment. Related to the Spanish population who exercise regularly, this has evolved from 27% in 2005 to 35% in 2010, which shows a significant increase of the population sportive practices. A significant example of this trend is the fact that in 2009 the 74% of the Spanish public gyms had a fitness room for bodybuilding.
On contrast, related to the market of plastic surgery measured by volume of activity, Spain occupies the level 13th position of the international ranking, which is headed by USA.
The plastic surgery market embraces low invasive (non surgical) and high invasive (surgical) plastic surgery procedures; between both types, more than 300,000 thousands procedures are performed annually mainly by women in Spain.Al-Kasadi, MSS. (2014). Modeling the propagation of the consumption of two emergent businesses: Fitness Practice and Plastic Surgery [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/39795
TESIS
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Christensen, Kara Alise. "Interpersonal emotion regulation contagion: Effects on strategy use and affect." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1439762110.
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Botha, Elsie Margaretha. "Contagious Communications : The role of emotion in viral marketing." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell marknadsföring, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-150888.
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The “connection generation” craves interaction with and connection to vast social networks through the sharing of information, photos, opinions, entertainment and news. This sharing comes in the form of electronic word-of-mouth or eWOM, and provides marketing and communication managers with an unparalleled opportunity to reach a large number of consumers quickly. With the ever increasing growth of the internet and the rise of social media and social network sites, viral marketing has cemented itself in the marketing and corporate agenda. However, while there has been a shift in marketing budgets towards online and social media, little is known about how to successfully leverage viral marketing. Consequently, understanding why some videos go viral and others do not is becoming an increasingly popular focus of academic research. This study aimed to answer the following research question: What are the factors that drive the virality of online content? In an attempt to answer this exploratory research question, four papers were used to look at its constituent parts. In the first paper, the role of emotion in the sharing of online content was investigated. Rime’s social sharing of emotion theory was used to explain why emotion could drive the spread of content online. We suggested that people’s propensity to share viral content was a function of the intensity, sociality and complexity of the emotion elicited by the viral content. The following two papers further investigated the role of emotion in viral marketing by looking at the relationship between content and emotion. Paper 2 used interviews in a qualitative research design to propose a decision-tree of the interplay between content and emotion in viral marketing. This paper showed that the relevance of the content has an influence on viewers’ emotional response. Paper 3 took a closer look at the relationship between content and emotion by using a two-stage design: First, content analysis was done on the comments of selected YouTube videos. Second, an experiment was used to test the emotions that these videos elicited in respondents, the valence of those emotions, the intensity with which they were felt, as well as various content-related factors (e.g. the creativity and humor used in the videos). This paper looked specifically at the use of political communication in viral marketing and showed that creativity, valence and the intensity of the emotions elicited by the content are key drivers of viral success. The final and fourth paper culminates in a model for the sharing of content online. This paper built on the findings from the previous papers, but also made use of interviews, and the analysis of a longitudinal dataset to propose a comprehensive model for the spread of content online. The longitudinal dataset was compiled using the top 10 posts from Reddit.com, a viral aggregator website, over the period of 25 days. The comprehensive model shows that there are external, intrapersonal and interpersonal drivers of viral content. The external drivers of viral content are the viral videos themselves (content) and its popularity. The content construct refers to various aspects related to the content itself, for example how informative, creative, humorous etc. the content is. Its popularity, on the other hand, was driven by both WOM and mainstream media reports. The intrapersonal drivers of viral content refer to the emotions that the content elicited in viewers. Viewers’ emotional response to the content was influenced by its relevance, but also by the valence and intensity of the emotion that they felt. Even though some content elicited intense emotions in viewers, some viewers did not share the content and interpersonal drivers of viral content was introduced to the model. These drivers recognise the social aspect of social media, and that content gets shared with large social networks. The model contends that people share viral content with their social networks as a form of online gift giving, out of altruism, or simply to build their own reputation. Finally, we contend that, in this content à emotion à social sharing chain, people share viral content both online and offline, as many respondents simply told their friends about the content (thus prompting them to go and watch the content themselves) or showed them the content themselves. This online and offline sharing of content increased the popularity of the content and a self-reinforcing chain was created, increasing the exponential growth typically associated with viral content. As consumers are exposed to an increasing amount of marketing messages, and marketing budgets shrink, marketing managers could greatly benefit from better understanding how to more effectively make social media part of their marketing strategy. Viral marketing allows for a low-cost way of communicating marketing messages with great potential for impacting the market. This study ultimately shows what marketing managers can do to increase their chances of viral success, and ends off with a list of managerial recommendations to leverage the external, intrapersonal and interpersonal factors present in viral campaigns.QC 20140911
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Rulon, Kathryn J. "Proximal Intergenerational Transmission of Affect." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1389187063.
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MacPhail, Andrew. "A Theory of Democratic Christian Appeals." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin155948529712766.
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"Emotional Contagion in Mediation." Texas Christian University, 2006. http://etd.tcu.edu/etdfiles/available/etd-04252006-154616/.
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Cunha, Nadiane Martins. "The moderating effect of emotional contagion on the relationship between embarrassment and emotional contagion." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/34473.
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Stockert, Nancy. "Perceived similarity and emotional contagion." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/10234.
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Aylward, Alison Gastorf. "Effect of context on mimicry and emotional contagion : does disliking inhibit mimicry and emotional contagion?" Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20866.
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Rempala, Dan. "Cognitive strategies for controlling emotional contagion." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20874.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2008.Based on the Self-Report Contagion variable, there was evidence to indicate that Dissociation and Empathic Reflection decreased emotional contagion as compared to the other two conditions. However, there was no significant impact of the instruction condition on the facial affect contagion variable. Even more surprising, there was no effect of instruction on any of the engagement variables.
Emotional contagion involves "catching" the emotions of others. In many instances, such contagion is beneficial, as it allows us to partake in another person's joy or gain greater understanding of another's experience. However, persistent exposure to a people who are experiencing negative emotions can take a toll on an individual, with consequences ranging from discomfort to emotional burn-out. This study examined the effect of three moderating strategies on emotional contagion.
Participants watched three video clips of individuals speaking to the camera and were instructed to treat the situation as though they were a therapist observing a client---the person on the video tape. Half of the participants watched three clips of individuals talking about the happiest day of their lives, while the other half watched three clips of individuals talking about the saddest day of their lives. When each clip was complete, the participant was asked to provide a two or three sentence verbal response to the "client." The entire process was video taped. The measures of emotional contagion involved were facial affect and self-reported emotion.
Prior to engaging in the experimental task, each of the participants was given one of four sets of instructions corresponding with one of the following cognitive strategies: (a) Empathic Imagery, (b) Dissociation, (c) Empathic Reflection, and (d) no instruction (control). The Empathic Imagery strategy was expected to increase the experience of contagion, while Voluntary Dissociation and Empathic Reflection were expected to decrease the experience of contagion. However, when the verbal content was analyzed, participants given Empathic Reflection instructions were expected to be more engaged in the interaction than those instructed to dissociate.
The results of this study fail to provide much support for the experimental hypotheses. Several possible reasons for the lack of significant results are discussed.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-94).
Also available by subscription via World Wide Web
94 leaves, bound 29 cm
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Halverson, Stefanie K. "Emotional contagion in leader-follower interactions." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/18633.
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Affect has been theoretically important to charismatic leadership for over 80 years as Weber (1920) referred to the emotion, passion, and devotion that ensue from charismatic authority, and is still evident in modern theories of charismatic and transformational leadership. When leaders express positive affect, they elicit more positive follower attributions of leadership (Lewis, 2000; Newcombe & Askanasy, 2002) and better follower performance (George, 1995; George & Bettenhausen, 1990). Yet the mechanism for these effects has largely been ignored in empirical research. The current studies examine emotional contagion as one means by which leader affect influences follower outcomes. Emotional contagion is the transfer of affect between persons that is thought to occur through unconscious and automatic mechanisms (Hatfield, Cacioppo, & Rapson, 1992). If leaders are able to transmit positive affect to their followers, then followers' positive affect should result in more positive attributions of leadership and better performance. In two laboratory studies and one field study, I tested the effects of affect and emotional contagion on leader and follower outcomes. Study 1 examined the effect of manipulated positive and negative affect on leadership behavior, using MBA students (n = 42). Leaders in the positive affect condition exhibited better leadership behavior than leaders in the negative affect condition. Study 2 tested the subsequent impact of leader affect on follower outcomes (n = 200). The proposed model suggested that leader affect influenced follower attributions of transformational leadership and performance directly, and through follower affect. Structural equation modeling indicated that the hypothesized model fit the data well. Study 3 largely replicated the findings of Study 2, using a field study of principals and teachers ( n = 228). Hierarchical Linear Modeling demonstrated that leader (principal) positive affect related to follower (teacher) positive affect via emotional contagion. Follower positive and negative affect related to follower attributions of transformational leadership and performance, in terms of organizational citizenship behavior. Follower attributions of transformational leadership also related to follower organizational citizenship behavior. As a whole, these three studies highlight the importance of affect and emotional contagion in leadership.
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Juan, Huai-Shin, and 阮懷馨. "Linking the Emotional Framing, Emotional Contagion, Self-construal to the Advertising Effectiveness." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f4s9v3.
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碩士銘傳大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
97
This paper discussed the effect of different “emotional framings” to the advertising effectiveness, the role of “emotional contagion” in this structure, and the effect of the consistency between “self-construal” of consumers and the story line of advertisement to the advertising effectiveness and emotional contagion. Emotional framing is to emphasize some special emotions to affect the judgment of consumers on something (Wasielewski, 1985). Emotional contagion is “the tendency to automatically mimic and synchronize expressions, vocalizations, postures, and movements with those of another person’s and, consequently, to converge emotionally.” (Hatfield, Cacioppo, & Rapson, 1993) And, self-construal reflects an orientation of a person who thinks self or other is more important (Markus & Kitayama, 1991). The purpose of this paper is to find how emotions are delivered and act between consumers and advertisements, and to provide some suggestions on marketing to companies. This paper used laboratory experiment and designed 3(emotional framing)×2(self-construal) factors on experimental advertisements. Participators are students of Ming Chuan University, and the experiment was taken in computer classes. 382 samples were collected and analyzed by ANOVA method. At the result, there are interactive effects of emotional framing and the consistency of self-construal on the advertising effectiveness. This paper also demonstrated emotional contagion could happen while consumers watch advertisements, but there is no mediation effect of emotional contagion. Furthermore, the consistency of self-construal has effects on the advertising effectiveness only when it has an interactive effect with emotional framing or emotional contagion, and it has no significant effect on the degree of emotional contagion. Finally, this paper concluded with the contributions of scholarship and industry, limitations of this research, and suggestions for future research.
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Silva, Marta Alves Fialho da. "Emotional contagion : the transformative potential of performance art." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/36966.
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Performance art gathers a group of people in a certain time and space to live an experience that goes beyond the artistic realm. Despite this encounter being widely acknowledged as socially inscribed and despite the audience group playing an active role, this contribution remains, however, unclear. By exploring the social nature of the encounter and by focusing on a situation in which the co-present audience is bodily engaged, this dissertation proposes that through their sensorial worlds, each audience member may not only be the object, but also the subject of that engagement, nurturing and confronting the sphere of the gathered group and the artwork, infecting each other in a complex and dynamic interplay. Having this in mind, performance art is addressed in artistic, social and emotional terms. The aim is to inspect how an emotional contagion may happen amongst an audience group with and through an artwork. Emotional contagion – a term borrowed from Erika Fischer-Lichte – addresses here a process of reciprocal transformation found within a broad universe of sensorial forms mediated by the body according to cultural codes. A theoretical review on performance art is conducted in the context of Culture Studies. In this regard, four axes are addressed – knowledge, politics, audience engagement and emancipation – and an emotional framework, founded on three dimensions, is developed – liveness, immersion & intimacy and community. A case study was chosen to substantiate this theoretical proposal, resulting an in-depth analysis of Silent disco (2019), a performance by the Portuguese artist Alfredo Martins.A performance art reúne um conjunto de pessoas num determinado tempo e espaço para viver uma experiência que transcende o âmbito artístico. Apesar de ser amplamente reconhecido que este encontro é de carácter social e que a audiência desempenha um papel activo, esta contribuição permanece, no entanto, pouco clara. Ao explorar a natureza social deste encontro com enfoque numa situação na qual a audiência co-presente é corporalmente envolvida, esta dissertação propõe que através das suas dimensões sensoriais, cada membro da audiência pode não só ser objeto, como sujeito deste envolvimento, nutrindo e confrontando a esfera do grupo reunido e do trabalho artístico, infectando-se entre si numa interacção complexa e dinâmica. Neste contexto a performance art é abordada em termos artísticos, sociais e emocionais. Pretende-se examinar como poderá ocorrer um contágio emocional entre os membros da audiência, com e através do trabalho artístico. Contágio emocional – um termo desenvolvido por Erika Fischer-Lichte – é aqui ampliado, designando o processo de transformação recíproca que ocorre por meio do amplo universo das formas sensoriais que são mediadas pelo corpo, de acordo com diferentes códigos culturais. Uma revisão teórica da performance art é realizada no contexto de Estudos Culturais. Neste seguimento, são discutidos quatro eixos – conhecimento, política, envolvimento e emancipação da audiência – e é desenvolvido um modelo emocional ancorado em três dimensões – vivacidade, imersão & intimidade e comunidade. Um caso de estudo foi escolhido para fundamentar esta proposta teórica, resultando numa análise profunda de Silent disco (2019), uma performance de Alfredo Martins.
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Kuo, Yu-Chi, and 郭鈺淇. "The Influence of Emotional Contagion on Customer Engagement." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25260914025878066561.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
服務科學管理研究所
101
Processes in the service encounter, employees are often required to show positive emotions. According to theory of emotional contagion, the servicer’s emotion will influences the customer in the service process, and the customer emotion will affect the willingness of customer engagement, thereby affecting the customer satisfaction. When customer satisfaction increases, that will be increases customer citizenship behavior, and promote beneficial organization''s service results. This study investigates on the group lessons for the students in fitness center. It obtained 301 usable observations. The findings are as follows. First, employee affective delivery will positively influences customer emotions. Second, customer emotion will positively influences compliance and cooperation. Third, compliance and cooperation will positively influences customer satisfaction. Fourth, instructor for customer satisfaction will positively affect the center for customer satisfaction. Finally, customer satisfaction will positively affect portion of customer citizenship behavior.
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GOH, JERRY CHIN HAN, and 吳景漢. "The Effect of Human-Like on Emotional Contagion." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74545799403114484497.
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碩士國立臺灣藝術大學
多媒體動畫藝術學系新媒體藝術碩士班
104
Global urbanization has led more and more people to suffer from negative emotions and this could imperceptibly infect others. Therefore, the number of cases of common mental illnesses continuously increase and the relationships between people are deteriorating. The purpose of this study is to probe how an interactive device with positive emotional “smile” affects emotional contagion and ameliorates human emotions. The main research problem: (1) Effect of changes when people faced the person they liked with smile on the emotional contagion condition, (2) Inner feelings from the person which easier to get emotional contagion when faced to the person they liked with smile, (3) Three kinds of smile and their effect on the emotional contagion. This research is based on some literature and previous research and on an interactive device with facial expression recognition system designed and developed during the research. In this study 35 samples have been gathered through interactive response and interviews and researched by using a narrative analysis method. The research shows: (1) Inner feelings are helpful when facing a person the subjects liked; (2) Susceptible to emotional contagion cannot be completely identified as a person easily to achieve emotional contagion; (3) The changes of facial expression in digital video cannot fully achieve the emotional contagion; (4) Unreal condition cause people easier to misjudge the content of the digital video, but most of the people could understand the content; (5) A digital video presenting “laugh” can achieve the best result in emotional contagion.
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Chien, Hsin-Yu, and 簡馨妤. "Computer Animation of Group Behavior with Emotional Contagion." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40259014568841840303.
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碩士國立清華大學
資訊系統與應用研究所
95
Group animation technique has been used by producers of animations and movies for a long time because it can reduce the expenditure of temporary actors. However, making all these group effects by hand takes animators a lot of time and effort. As a result, some animation software try to provide solutions for group behavior animation, and many researchers are working hard to make this kind of simulation more effective and real. We focus on simulating group behavior with emotional contagion for animation. In order to have real results, we use psychology as our base knowledge of how group behave in emotional contagion situations. Emotional contagion is a special phenomenon where people tend to have similar emotion and behaviors as others beside them. In 2000, James and Keike proposed their model of emotional contagion. We combined their model with Gratch and Marsella’s computational emotion model as our new emotional model for simulating group behavior with emotional contagion. Besides, we use cellular automata to build the relationship of agents. By adjusting CA rules, different kinds of results will come out. We also analyze the parameters users could change to have various simulation results. After building our emotional contagion model, we implement some situations in Alias Maya for testing. The testing results show that our model could actually produce animation of group behavior with emotional contagion. By using cellular automata, we reduce the complexion of group simulation. But because of the reasonable parameters we add in the simulation based on psychology, the results can be more realistic.
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劉冠佑. "The Relationships between Stadium Atmospheres and Spectators’ Emotion : The Mediator of Emotional Contagion." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99439616802036565246.
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碩士國立嘉義大學
觀光休閒管理研究所
102
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between stadium atmospheres (i.e., team atmosphere, spectators’ atmosphere and game atmosphere) and spectators’ emotion. The study also examines the mediating effect of emotional contagion (i.e., happy emotional contagion and tense emotional contagion) between stadium atmospheres and spectators’ emotion. Data were collected from the CPBL’s audiences in the baseball game site, and a total of 312 samples were received. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. The results show that (1) both spectators’ atmosphere and game atmosphere have a positive impact on spectators’ atmosphere; (2) happy emotional contagion mediates the relationship between spectators’ atmospheres and spectators’ emotion; happy emotional contagion also mediates the relationship between game atmosphere and spectators’ emotion; (3) tense emotional contagion only mediates the relationship between game atmosphere and spectators’ emotion. The contribution of this study is to demonstrate the implication of stadium atmospheres to spectators’ emotion and to provide suggestions for CPBL to marketing, promotion, and management.
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Fukunaga, Landry L. "Emotional contagion in children with autism and without autism." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20858.
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Huang, Yan Zhang, and 黃彥彰. "Two Layers Simulation for Crowd Behaviors with Emotional Contagion." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04533169970290908892.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立清華大學
資訊系統與應用研究所
96
In recent years, with the fast growth of computer technology, both in hardware and software, the applications of the 3D computer animation have become increasingly wild spread. As more and more resources have put into the 3D animations, the need of crowd simulation software becomes evident. A crowd simulation software can produce a group of intelligent characters to demonstrate certain crowd behaviors according to embedding rules. Therefore it not only can save the productions cost but also produce gigantic virtual crowd that are impossible to have in real world. For example, the famous film “Ring of Lord” has used the crowd simulation software “Massive” during their production process. In this study, we focus on simulating crowd behavior with emotional contagion for computer animations. By exploiting the contagion theories from psychology, sociology, and the study of popular crowd mind as our base knowledge, we propose a novel computation model for simulating emotional contagion. We combined Le Bon’s theory and Gratch and Marsella’s model to form the basis of our computational structure. The proposed emotion contagion model is composed of two layers: the layer of emotion expression and the layer of behavior expression. In the first layer, we use cellular automata to build the relationship of cells. Then, we display the contagion behaviors among neighbors in the second layer. Some empirical examples are given to show the effectiveness of t our approach, that is, it can simulate many different kinds of contagion group behaviors.
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GIMÉNEZ, ALEXANDRA VAN DER SCHAAR, and 范亞莉. "Employee’s Emotional Contagion and Customers’ Loyalty in Service Encounters." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88428865499807507664.
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碩士輔仁大學
國際創業與經營管理學程碩士在職專班
105
The purpose of this research is to study the antecedents of behavioral intentions, regarding loyalty intentions. Specifically, this paper aims to explore how employees’ emotional contagion enhances customers’ loyalty towards satisfaction, rapport, and trust. The findings suggest that when there is a relationship of trust between the employee and the customer, there is a positive influence on loyalty intentions. The discovery proposes that employees’ emotional contagion is pivotal in creating a positive climate in service encounters that will elicit customers’ satisfaction, trust, and loyalty intentions towards the company and the employee.
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Tomiuk, Marc Alexander. "The impact of service providers' emotional displays on service evaluation : evidence of emotional contagion." Thesis, 2000. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/1393/1/NQ68221.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The present work begins with an exhaustive and comparative review of the emotions literature in psychology and in sociology. In Chapter Six, a model of the emotion system of the service encounter is developed. In part, it represents a conceptualization and a substantial and substantive extension of Hochschild's (1983a) work on emotional labor . The model not only accounts for the emotional reactions of consumers to the affective displays of service providers but provides an interdisciplinary perspective on emotion. Accordingly, we draw on elements from cognitive and somatic perspectives in psychology, Hochschild's (1983a) interactional theory, the views of other social constructivists, purist sociological perspectives, and on perspectives from communication studies in an attempt to account for the multilevel emotional dynamics which occur in the service encounter. It becomes evident that emotions are not simply intrapersonal states but that they are also social or interpersonal phenomena. It is also stressed that the consumer's and service provider's emotion processes involve different determinants. Importantly, it is suggested that cognitive appraisal theories do not provide the only general mechanism which may account for consumer emotion in the service encounter. Alternatively, primitive emotional contagion rests on somatic theories of emotion. Its underlying mechanism is essentially pre-attentive (unconscious) and thus does not imply the type of mental calculus which is suggested by appraisal theorists as a determinant of emotion. At a theoretical level, primitive emotional contagion appears to better account for emotion in a dynamic and interactive manner than do cognitive theories which essentially represent stimulus-response models. It also represents a compelling explanation for mutual entrainment, synchrony, rapport, and matched emotional states in interaction. On the other hand, cognitive appraisal theories appear to provide a mechanism for consumer emotion after the occurrence of failure in a component of service. Next, an experimental study is conducted to test a variety of hypotheses based on the proposed conceptual model and the services evaluation literature. Results indicate that the interaction between the valence of a service provider's emotional displays and the social context of these displays does have a significant effect on various evaluation factors including service quality dimensions, satisfaction, and behavioral intent. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Hsu, Hao-Chien, and 徐豪謙. "Linking Employee Job Satisfaction to Customer Satisfaction: Emotional Labor and Emotional Contagion as Mediators." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82176964693942203568.
Full textAbstract:
碩士臺灣大學
國際企業學研究所
98
Research linking employee job satisfaction to customer satisfaction has primarily focused on service quality as a mediator. However, relevant studies indicated that employee job satisfaction will affect service employees'' emotional labor, which in turn affects the emotional contagion between service employees and customers, resulting in customer satisfaction. In other words, the relationship between employee job satisfaction and customer satisfaction could be possibly mediated by emotional labor and emotional contagion, yet there has been little empirical research exploring this issue. This research integrates related literature to build a model linking employee job satisfaction to customer satisfaction through emotional labor and emotional contagion. Dyadic survey data from 193 service employee-customer pair showed that emotional labor and emotional contagion mediate the relationship between employee job satisfaction and customer satisfaction. Results, implications and directions for future research are then discussed.
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Chang, Cheng-Yi, and 張政義. "A Study on Human Emotional Contagion via Digital Interactive Device." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83028329973004058342.
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碩士國立臺灣藝術大學
多媒體動畫藝術學系新媒體藝術碩士班
103
In modern society, human’s illness in connection with their psychological health is increasingly serious; therefore it becomes an important subject with attention given on in various field of study to how to improve the psychological condition of the human. Interactive device is adopted in this study to explore human’s psychological feelings, not only for giving some discussion about the effect of human emotional contagion, but also for bring some positive effect on human’s psychological condition under much more expectation. The main research problems include [Effect of changes in human’s facial expression on the emotional contagion condition of others] and [Relationship of character, psychological health condition and emotional contagion]. With reference to some literatures, one interactive device is designed in combination with facial expression recognition system for the study; for the sake of figuring out the emotional contagion process of people with different characters or under varied psychological conditions, 21 different samples have been researched in narrative analysis method in this study, whose result has been recorded in side record, interview or etc. It can be found out that from test result: (1) the change in digital image of facial expression can help to realize emotional contagion; (2) There is no relationship between the occurring of emotional contagion and tested samples’ character or psychological condition, but it will make the process and result of emotional contagion different; (3) There will be relatively complex and strong for the feelings shown by people in actual life; (4) For the images under not real condition, they would like to show their emotions. Besides some related suggestions have been collected in this study in the hope of enriching and perfecting subsequent research.
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Luo, He-Lin, and 羅禾淋. "A Study in Interactive Art Installation Based on Emotional Contagion." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ntn562.
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博士國立臺灣大學
資訊網路與多媒體研究所
105
Emotion reflects current mood of people directly. Using technology of affective computing, computer could interpret their moods and provide visual or auditory feedback. In human-computer interaction field, the technology enables computers to communicate with users as a real person. For the improvement of internetwork, social media causes variety in the virtual world. People not only face a single computer, but also connect with a large number of users via cloud system. Some researches in emotion conveyance discover the how human emotion influences the others. Hence, this study focuses on the theory of emotional contagion, in which the emotion of individuals are spread among the others. Emotional contagion is the phenomenon where people mimic the expressions, vocalizations, postures and movements of others in social activities, and the imitation also changes their original emotions. Emotional contagion can be transmitted by specific symbols, images or sounds, for example sending animation or clicking positive feedback on social websites. That also brings the main issue in human-computer interaction for the variety in internet world. In the work, only positive emotion was considered, and the emotional contagion of happy emotions were discovered. Three interactive art installations were designed: Meditation Pyramid, Smiling Wall and Quartic Smile. The emotion state of users was collected during interaction for understand the phenomenon of emotional contagion. The contagion speed was analyzed for discovering the influences of emotional contagion in the design of interactive devices on users, if the design increases the willingness of users for participating the interaction process actively. The media of emotional contagion in the three interactive devices are agent, video and live cam, respectively. In Meditation Pyramid, positive or negative emotion state of users were back to normal through meditation. From the experimental results of Meditation Pyramid, emotional contagion causes different influences on the emotion of users. Giving different emotional stimulations, the contagion level of users changes depending on the current emotion state for they have been affected. Smiling Wall was designed for spreading smiles, and the smile emotional contagion was calculated by counting smile count during interaction. Finally, in Quartic Smile, the real-time emotional contagion between users were observed. Emotional contagion state was calculated from smile count, and contagion speed were calculated from the total duration of smiles between users. A questionnaire was used after the interactive experience for understanding the emotional contagion state of users during the interaction, the willingness of users in participation, and the distance between users. Hence, in the work, the properties of emotional contagion were observed and verified through the design of interactive installations.
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Ho, Chiu-hui, and 何秋慧. "Emotional Contagion and Gender Differences in Human-Computer Interface Character Interaction." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89291183161128368310.
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碩士國立清華大學
資訊系統與應用研究所
95
Emotional contagion is defined as” the tendency to automatically mimic and synchronize facial expressions, vocalizations, postures, and movements with those of another person and, consequently, to converge emotionally.” When exposed to people of specific emotions, people will experience the same ones. Hatfield(1994) indicated that gender differences might exist in emotional contagion, that is, females will be more susceptible to emotional contagion. On the other hand, computers are social actors paradigm（Nass,1995）proposed that people will treat computers as real people, and the effects discovered in interpersonal relationships can also be applied in human-computer interaction (HCI). Most of emotion-related researches in HCI focus on different effects of computers’ displayed emotions on users; however, there is little research on the effects of positive or negative emotions displayed by computers on users, and no research on emotional contagion in HCI so far. This study aims to investigate if users will be susceptible to interface characters’ emotions and to exam the effects of gender differences. The independent variables of this study were interface character’s emotions (positive and negative) and subject’s sex (male and female), and the dependent variables were subjects’ emotional states, their assessments of the interface character, the performance of pictures assessments and recall and analysis of facial expression recordings. The results demonstrated that users would be susceptible to interface character’s emotions during interaction; after interacting with the interface character, subjects in positive emotion groups became more positive and subjects in negative ones more negative. Otherwise, subjects in positive/negative emotion groups would have different assessments of the perception, subject’s assessment of likeability, pleasure of interaction, satisfaction, willing to interact in positive groups would be more positive than in negative ones. This could be explained by mood-congruent processing (Bower, 1982) and affect infusion model (Forgas, 1995). However the interface character’s emotional states had no significant effects on subjects’ trust toward the interface character, interface character’s decisions and the quality of arguments, it’s the similarity between users and the interface character that had impacts on those three variables. When it comes to emotional contagion and gender differences, although the interaction effects were not significant in MBS and DES, it’s significant in SAM. In positive emotion groups, females’ emotional states were more positive than males, but the difference was smaller; in negative ones, females’ emotional states were more negative than males and the difference huger. When it comes to the perception, the interface character’s emotional states had no siginificant effects n subjects’ trust toward the interface character, interface character’s decisions and the quality of arguments either, but the interaction effects were significant on likability, pleasure of interaction and the willing to interact. In positive groups, the likability, pleasure of interaction and the willing to interact of females were more positive than males; in negative ones, those thress variables of females more neagative than males. According to the results of this study, we provided some directions and design suggestions for future researchers.
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Chen, Yu-Ting, and 陳育廷. "Teachers' Emotional Contagion: A Study of the Relationships between Science Teachers' Communication Behavior, students' Academic Emotions." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u7x2kp.
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碩士大葉大學
教育專業發展研究所
104
By using emotional contagion as moderating variable, the research attempts to examine the effect of science teachers' communication behavior on students' academic emotions. This study used a questionnaire survey research. Subjects were 761 junior high students from central region of Taiwan. This study use natural teacher communication behavior scale, emotional infection scale and academic emotions scale. The data was analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, simple regression analysis, multiple regression analysis. The results of this study were as follows :( a) There were significant differences in the different background variables(sex, grade) on the natural teacher communication behavior, emotional contagion and academic emotion some significant differences. (ｂ) There were significant positive correlations in terms of the natural teacher Communication Behavior and academic emotion. (c) Emotional infection did have a positive effect to adjust the natural teacher communication behavior and academic emotions. In this study, specific recommendations based on research results provide relevant units, teachers, researchers and future reference.