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Academic literature on the topic 'Émissions aériennes'
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Journal articles on the topic "Émissions aériennes"
EL MDERSSA, Mohamed. "Détermination des paramètres d’évaluation du stock de carbone dans les écosystèmes forestiers (Cedrus atlantica Manetti, cèdre de l’Atlas au Maroc) : méthodes spécifiques et génériques." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 351 (February 28, 2022): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2022.351.a36330.
Full textKoubouana, Félix, Irène Marie Cécile Mboukou Kimbatsa Née Goma, Leckoundzou Ayessa, Saint Fédriche Ndzai, Benicia Marietta Bissanga, and Donatien Nzala. "Richesse De La Flore Ligneuse Exploitable Et Planification Des Émissions Du CO2 Dans Une Forêt De Production Du Mayombe Congolais." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 18, no. 14 (April 30, 2022): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2022.v18n14p75.
Full textDe Cara, Stéphane, and Pierre-Alain Jayet. "Évaluation et régulation de l’effet de serre d’origine agricole." Articles 75, no. 4 (February 9, 2009): 597–623. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/602304ar.
Full textMichels, Karen, and Charlotte Schoell-Glass. "Aby Warburg et les timbres en tant que document culturel." Protée 30, no. 2 (July 9, 2003): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/006734ar.
Full textMontagnini, Florencia, Muhammad Ibrahim, and Enrique Murgueitio Restrepo. "Systèmes silvopastoraux et atténuation du changement climatique en Amérique latine." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 316, no. 316 (June 1, 2013): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2013.316.a20528.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Émissions aériennes"
Leclerc, Thomas. "Les mesures correctives des émissions aériennes de gaz à effet de serre : Contribution à l'étude des interactions entre les ordres juridiques en droit international public." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0751/document.
Full textLooking for a global and corrective measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions frominternational civil aviation has been facing legal obstacles. These obstacles took the form ofconflicts of norms linked to the general challenge of the interactions between international aviationlaw, climate change law and the law of the European Union. Using evolutionary interpretation ofthe Chicago Convention in order to reconcile norms of substantive and institutional nature emergedas the best solution. However, this method perpetuates legal uncertainty and poses the generalchallenge of flexibly and elasticity of the Chicago Convention in response to the climate changechallenge. This study examines the above mentioned issues of interactions between legal ordersand provides recommendations to restore legal certainty needed to ensure sustainable developmentof international civil aviation. More specifically, this study reveals the underestimated relevance ofthe ongoing distinction between the legal regimes of air navigation and air transport, which is a keylegal element in the search for a global and corrective solution to the impact of international civilaviation on climate change
Gaillot, Tiphaine. "Évaluation de l’impact des émissions aériennes sur le changement climatique : développement de la méthode d’Analyse du Cycle de Vie et recommandations pour la sélection de carburants alternatifs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS538.pdf.
Full textGiven the increase in demand from the aviation sector and its emissions, we need to assess the impact of aviation on the environment. This thesis focuses on the impact of aviation emissions on climate change. This category is the most impacted by subsonic aircraft. Various levers have been deployed to mitigate this impact, including the incorporation of alternative fuels. The Life Cycle Assessment method is the one used in this work. The aim is to assess all emissions having a direct and indirect impact on climate change during a long-haul or short-haul, for the fossil fuel Jet A-1, and alternative jet fuels such as FT-SPK (paraffinic kerosene from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis) and hydrogen. As most of the fuel is burnt at high altitude during the cruise phase and the majority of emissions have a greater impact at cruising altitudes, we first look at the nature of emissions at high altitude and their impact on climate change, based on GWP (global warming potential) at different time horizons. The assessment of high-altitude emissions for different types of jet fuel over 20 and 100-year time horizons illustrated the crucial role of short-lived climate forcers, especially nitrogen oxides and contrails-cirrus. In a second stage, the scope of the air transport assessment has been extended to include the airport, the aircraft, and the production and use of the fuel. These results demonstrate the importance of high-altitude emissions and the production phase in the complete assessment. The thesis concludes with an assessment of the impact of emissions during the use and production phase of fuel mix in 2050, based on the different energy demands specific to the of the International Energy Agency (IEA) report published in 2022. The development of low-emission processes, as well as changes in behavior and the implementation of specific sobriety policies, are essential to reducing the environmental impact of the aviation sector
Samaké, Abdoulaye. "Processus de transfert vers l'atmosphère et de l'impact sanitaire des émissions biogéniques particulaires." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAU025/document.
Full textAirborne particles (called « PM » for Particulate matter") are nowadays at the core of societal concerns because of their major impact on public health and their strong participation in climate change. Organic matter (OM) generally represents the first mass component of PM but it is still poorly understood, in particular the organic fraction from primary biogenic origin (PBOA). Some specific primary sugars are proposed as molecular tracers to study the atmospheric transport processes as well as to estimate the contribution of PBOAs to the total mass of PM. However, knowledge is still very limited about their spatial and temporal distributions (i.e., daily, seasonal and annual cycles), their main emission sources, or the environmental factors that drive their atmospheric concentrations. Moreover, although the understanding of the oxidative potential (OP) —a proxy of the health effect of PM— inherent in the chemical component of aerosols has progressed quite well in recent years, the contribution of this PBOA fraction is still very poorly understood. These aspects constitute the main objectives of this thesis work. From a methodological point of view, our questions were addressed by an interdisciplinary approach, which involved the statistical exploitation of a large database and the coupling of specific field campaigns with the implementation of an innovative experimental strategy developed for the simultaneous study of the chemical and microbiological characteristics of the samples collected.In a first work based on the exploitation of a large database, we showed that PBOAs constitute a very important fraction of PM in France, regardless of the typology of the environment, contributing on average to 13 ± 4% of the annual MO in PM10. We observed a synchronous temporal trends in both concentrations and ratios between primary sugars species for sites located in the same geographical region (up to an inter-site distance of about 200 km). These observations indicate that the PBOA source is very spatially homogeneous over distances consistent with those of large ecosystem types. This observation was then validated by an experimental approach based on two annual field sampling studies that allowed us to demonstrate (i) that daily changes in atmospheric concentrations of primary sugars are drived by only a few regionally variable atmospheric microbial taxa; and (ii) that these taxa come from local and regional flora for study sites that are directly influenced and not by agricultural activities, respectively. Finally, in the framework of the OP study, our results demonstrated (i) that all the tested model bioaerosols have a significant intrinsic OP, which is comparable for some species to the model atmospheric chemical components known for their high redox reactivity; and (ii) that they can significantly influence the OP of chemical PM models or sampled under real ambient conditions.This work provides a different look into the mass importance of PBOAs and new insights into the dominant sources and processes leading to their introduction into the atmosphere, as well as the influence of environmental factors on these processes. Alltogether these results argue for a systematic consideration of PBOAs in atmospheric chemistry models for better prediction of air quality
Giralt, Mireille. "Adaptation d'un modèle de décharge en vue de son application à la conception de l'isolation aérienne H. T. Et T. H. T." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ECDL0033.
Full textToru, Tuba. "Essais empiriques sur l'organisation industrielle du transport aérien." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0069.
Full textThis thesis examines three important issues in the air transport industry. The first chapter deals with the structural impacts and policy changes on the airline industry. A structural econometric model is used to analyse the extent to which the air traffic is affected by an increase in fuel prices and the proposal of the European Commission on the accession of air transport to the European Emission Trading Scheme (EU-ETS). An increase in energy costs implies an increase of air fares and a dec1ine in the levels of traffic. The EU-ETS could indeed significantly affect the level of aviation emissions while he should not radically change the competitiveness of European airlines. The second chapter analyzes the model of case of the airport in the framework of two-sided market. The airports of our database are not internalize externalities exist between the two parties. They use different price setting strategies for each side. We find the empirical evidence of profit maximization pricing for the passengers and the Ramsey prices for the airlines. The third chapter focuses on code sharing between airlines by a structural econometric model. The prices increase and the dec1ine in the consumer surplus after code sharing if it does not encourage the entry ofnew products. The parameter for the division of profits between partner airlines in a code-share agreement is estimated 91 percent mean that the operating carrier receives 91 percent of the profits of the sharing of the product code
Hamdan, Sadeque. "Optimization Models for Air Traffic Flow Management." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST042.
Full textDelays and emissions are critical topics in the aviation industry. The major delay sources are imbalanced demand and capacity, air traffic controller staffing, and severe weather conditions. In some cases, flights can choose to fly at a higher speed than the scheduled one, which increases emissions. Moreover, several projects have been initiated to improve information sharing, and consequently, decision making in order to benefit all aviation parties and reduce delays and emissions.In this Ph.D. thesis, we aim at studying the air traffic flow management (ATFM) problem from an operations research/operations management perspective. We study the ATFM model, a widely used model in the literature, and analyze it. We correct the formulation deficiencies, and we extend the network design and the considered features to reach a better representation of the real-life network. In this extension, we consider several types of flights and several decision options, such as changing the path or the landing airport. The objectives of this research can be summarized in the following points.(1) To study the impact of centralizing the decision-making process in the ATFM problem compared to the current situation where decisions by ATFM authority and airlines are made independently.(2) To analyze the inter-flight and inter-airline fairness in the ATFM problem.(3) To construct a weather-capacity model for airports and develop scenario trees for stochastic ATFM networks based on real data.(4) To integrate dynamic airspace configuration in the ATFM problem and to analyze the impact.(5) To account for CO2 emissions and different fuel types in the ATFM.Therefore, we develop several extensions to the ATFM model to accommodate these issues. First, we propose a deterministic ATFM model that centralizes the decisions of the ATFM authority and the airlines, and that considers different rerouting options. Then, we formulate a stochastic ATFM model that accounts for airports' weather uncertainties. The weather-capacity relationship and the stochastic scenario trees are developed using meteorological aerodrome reports, the AirportCorner database, and the k-means clustering technique. After that, we focus on optimizing the airspace configuration simultaneously with the ATFM problem by minimizing the total unused airspace capacity and the total network cost. Finally, we integrate the CO2 emissions in the ATFM model through a bi-objective optimization approach. The model is used to study the CO2 emissions' impact on the network's cost and the effect of fuel type on the network decisions. The developed models are solved using the exact approach, and in the case of long computational times, a fix-and-relax heuristic is used.The proposed models can help decision-makers through analyzing the impact of the decisions to be made on the network and the stakeholders involved. Therefore, the consequences and the associated costs can be calculated. In addition, these models help decision-makers fine-tune and verify findings of several ATFM projects and initiatives. They also suggest to decision makers how flight plans can be updated in cases of network disturbance and the associated costs of the changes
Books on the topic "Émissions aériennes"
Morris, Doug. From the Flight Deck. Chicago: ECW Press, 2008.
Find full textFrom the Flight Deck: Plane Talk and Sky Science. ReadHowYouWant.com, Limited, 2012.
Find full textMorris, Doug. From the Flight Deck: Plane Talk and Sky Science. ECW Press, 2010.
Find full textMorris, Doug. From the Flight Deck: Plane Talk and Sky Science. Ecw Press, 2007.
Find full text