Relevant bibliographies by topics / Emissions

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Emissions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 October 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Emissions"

1

Guven, Denizhan, M. Özgür Kayalica, and Gülgün Kayakutlu. "CO2 emissions analysis for East European countries: the role of underlying emission trend." Environmental Economics 11, no. 1 (June 5, 2020): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.11(1).2020.07.

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This paper aims to analyze the impact of energy consumption, economic structure, and manufacturing output on the CO2 emissions of East European countries by applying the Structural Time Series Model (STSM). Several explanatory factors are used to construct the model using annual data of the 1990–2017 period. The factors are: total primary energy supply, GDP per capita and manufacturing value added, and, finally, a stochastic Underlying Emission Trend (UET). The significant effects of all variables on CO2 emissions are detected. Based on the estimated functions, CO2 emissions of Belarus, Ukraine, Romania, Russia, Serbia, and Hungary will decrease, by 2027, to 53.2 Mt, 103.2 Mt, 36.1 Mt, 1528.2 Mt, 36 Mt, and 36.1 Mt, respectively. Distinct from other countries, CO2 emissions of Poland will extend to 312.2 Mt in 2027 due to the very high share of fossil-based supply (i.e., coal and oil) in Poland. The results also indicate that the most forceful factor in CO2 emissions is the total primary energy supply. Furthermore, for Poland, Romania, Hungary, and Belarus, the long-term impact of economic growth on CO2 emissions is negative, while it is positive for Russia, Ukraine, and Serbia. The highest long-term manufacturing value-added elasticity of CO2 emissions is calculated for Serbia and Belarus.
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Wang, Xinling. "International Carbon Emissions: Evolutionary Patterns, Trends, and Influencing Factors." International Journal of Energy 4, no. 3 (May 10, 2024): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/v9r2zm71.

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This paper investigates the status and trends of global carbon emissions, including total emissions, per capita emissions, and emission intensity. It reviews the evolution and influencing factors of international carbon emissions. The increase in emissions is mainly concentrated in emerging economies and developing countries. Developed nations, despite having high total emissions, exhibit low emission intensity and stable or declining trends, often aiming for “carbon neutrality.” Emerging economies, including newly industrialized countries, are experiencing rapid increases in emissions, and are setting targets for carbon peaking and neutrality. Additionally, this paper examines global carbon emission policies, summarizing strategies and commitments for emission reduction. In the end, it anticipates future policy directions for global carbon emissions.
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Herrington, T., and K. Zickfeld. "Path independence of climate and carbon cycle response over a broad range of cumulative carbon emissions." Earth System Dynamics 5, no. 2 (November 24, 2014): 409–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-5-409-2014.

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Abstract. Recent studies have identified an approximately proportional relationship between global warming and cumulative carbon emissions, yet the robustness of this relationship has not been tested over a broad range of cumulative emissions and emission rates. This study explores the path dependence of the climate and carbon cycle response using an Earth system model of intermediate complexity forced with 24 idealized emissions scenarios across five cumulative emission groups (1275–5275 Gt C) with varying rates of emission. We find the century-scale climate and carbon cycle response after cessation of emissions to be approximately independent of emission pathway for all cumulative emission levels considered. The ratio of global mean temperature change to cumulative emissions – referred to as the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions (TCRE) – is found to be constant for cumulative emissions lower than ∼1500 Gt C but to decline with higher cumulative emissions. The TCRE is also found to decrease with increasing emission rate. The response of Arctic sea ice is found to be approximately proportional to cumulative emissions, while the response of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation does not scale linearly with cumulative emissions, as its peak response is strongly dependent on emission rate. Ocean carbon uptake weakens with increasing cumulative emissions, while land carbon uptake displays non-monotonic behavior, increasing up to a cumulative emission threshold of ∼2000 Gt C and then declining.
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Herrington, T., and K. Zickfeld. "Path dependence of climate and carbon cycle response over a broad range of cumulative carbon emissions." Earth System Dynamics Discussions 5, no. 1 (June 17, 2014): 747–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esdd-5-747-2014.

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Abstract. Recent studies have demonstrated the proportional relationship between global warming and cumulative carbon emissions, yet the robustness of this relationship has not been tested over a broad range of cumulative emissions and emission rates. This study explores the path dependence of the climate and carbon cycle response using an Earth System model of intermediate complexity forced with 24 idealized emissions scenarios across five cumulative emission groups (1275–5275 GtC) with varying rates of emission. We find the century-scale climate and carbon cycle response after cessation of emissions to be approximately independent of emission pathway for all cumulative emission levels considered. The ratio of global mean temperature change to cumulative emissions – referred to as the transient climate response to cumulative emissions (TCRE) – is found to be constant for cumulative emissions lower than ~1500 GtC, but to decline with higher cumulative emissions. The TCRE is also found to decrease with increasing emission rate. The response of Arctic sea ice is found to be approximately proportional to cumulative emissions, while the response of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) does not scale linearly with cumulative emissions, as its peak response is strongly dependent on emission rate. Ocean carbon uptake weakens with increasing cumulative emissions, while land carbon uptake displays non-monotonic behavior, increasing up to a cumulative emission threshold of ~2000 GtC and then declining.
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Liu, Shiwen, Hongxiong Li, Wen Kun, Zhen Zhang, and Haotian Wu. "How Do Transportation Influencing Factors Affect Air Pollutants from Vehicles in China? Evidence from Threshold Effect." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (August 1, 2022): 9402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159402.

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In recent years, China has promoted a series of legal norms to reduce the environmental impact of air pollutants from vehicles. The three main vehicle emission species (carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides) contribute significantly to air pollution. In this study, the emission factor method was used to estimate air pollutants from vehicles in 31 provinces from 2006 to 2016. The results show a trend of total vehicle carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC) emissions decreasing with time; the vehicle nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission trend is divided into two stages: an upward trend between 2006 and 2012 and a downward trend after 2012. Based on a panel threshold, a regression method was used to divide the vehicle NOx and CO emissions in China into four emission zones: low emissions, medium emissions, high emissions, and extra-high emissions. Vehicle HC emissions were divided into three emission zones, which corresponded to low emissions, medium emissions, and high emissions. Overall, vehicle pollution emission efficiency and per capita GDP have a significant inhibitory effect on the three main air pollutants from vehicles (NOx, HC, CO). Both passenger and freight turnover have significant roles in promoting the three air pollutants from vehicles (NOx, HC, CO). Road density and road carrying capacity have a significant role in promoting vehicle HC and CO emissions. Increasing truck proportion inhibits vehicle CO emissions and promotes vehicle NOx emissions. The urbanization rate has a positive effect on vehicle HC and CO emissions. Moreover, there is obvious heterogeneity in different emission zones of the three air pollutants from vehicles (NOx, HC, CO).
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Kholmi, Masiyah, Attika Dewi Shaqinnah Karsono, and Dhaniel Syam. "Environmental Performance, Company Size, Profitability, And Carbon Emission Disclosure." Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi dan Keuangan 10, no. 2 (August 3, 2020): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jrak.v10i2.11811.

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This study aims to examine the effect of environmental performance, company size, profitability on disclosure of carbon emissions in non-service companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The population of this study used non-service companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2017. The research sample was 34 companies selected through the purposive sampling method. The data collection technique using documentation method. Data analysis techniques using multiple regression analysis with statistical tools used are SPSS V.24. The results showed that the company's environmental performance did not influence the company to conduct carbon emission disclosure. by obtaining a PROPER rating, it does not guarantee the company will disclose carbon emissions properly. While company size and profitability, have no effect on carbon emission disclosure, because companies still choose to make other disclosures that can increase their legitimacy in the eyes of the public. Companies consider carbon emission disclosure as not yet able to add value to companies and the nature of emissions disclosures carbon which is still in the form of voluntary disclosure. This research contributes to disclosure of carbon emissions from company activities in the annual report and the company can prevent and reduce carbon emissionsc.
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Pan, Juntao, Zhou Yang, Xingqiu Wei, and Zhenglei Zhou. "A real-time estimation method of carbon emission for cement corporations based on load identification." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2814, no. 1 (August 1, 2024): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2814/1/012008.

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Abstract Accurate carbon emission estimation is the basis for assessing the carbon emissions of various regions and industries and formulating reasonable and feasible emission reduction programs. This paper presents a generalized real-time corporate carbon footprint measurement method. The total carbon emissions are categorized into direct emissions and indirect emissions. For the former, a load identification method based on CNN-BLSTM is proposed to monitor the state of the devices, and the carbon emissions are directly calculated in combination with the carbon emission intensity of the devices; for the latter, accurate estimation of carbon emissions is achieved through the application of marginal carbon emission factor. By utilizing this analytical model, the estimated carbon emissions are more accurate than those of other methods, which can better grasp the carbon emissions of enterprises and promote energy saving and emission reduction.
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Tu, Ran, Islam Kamel, Baher Abdulhai, and Marianne Hatzopoulou. "Reducing Transportation Greenhouse Gas Emissions Through the Development of Policies Targeting High-Emitting Trips." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 25 (April 18, 2018): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118755714.

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Traffic emission inventories have been under development for decades, often relying on data from traffic assignment models, ranging from macroscopic models generating average link speeds, to more detailed microscopic models with instantaneous speed profiles. Policy testing within such frameworks has often focused on identifying changes in total emissions, or in emissions aggregated at a zonal or street level. Emissions from specific trips or trajectories are seldom analyzed, although reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be achieved more efficiently when targeting high emitters. In this paper, we propose a different approach to reducing transportation GHG emissions, by catering policies to specific trips based on their emission burden. We focus on the City of Toronto downtown. Using second-by-second speed data for entire trajectories, GHGs (in CO2eq) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions were estimated. We observe that the destinations attracting the highest trip emissions tend to be in the hospital and financial districts. Trips originating and ending in the downtown area are responsible for a small share of total emissions, although they have high emission intensity. Removing trips with high total emissions and high emission intensity led to significant reductions in CO2eq and NOx emissions, whereas removing shorter trips, did not have a significant influence on total emissions nor emission intensities.
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Shao, Cheng-Tsung, Wen-Hsi Cheng, Yuan-Chung Lin, Ken-Lin Chang, Kang-Shin Chen, and Chung-Shin Yuan. "Qualifying and Quantifying the Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds from the Coking Process in a Steel Plant Using an Innovative Sampling Technique." Atmosphere 13, no. 9 (August 26, 2022): 1363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091363.

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The aim of this paper is to quantify the amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from a coke oven in a steel plant in Taiwan and estimate the emission factors of VOCs using an innovative sampling technique. The identification of VOCs emissions was referred to in the AP-42 report issued by the USEPA and the field measurement data of fugitive emissions. VOCs were sampled using a self-designed closed sampling system. A total of six emission points, including quenching emissions, charge lid emissions, combustion stack emissions, door emissions, charging emissions, and coke pushing emissions, were identified in the coking process after comparing with the report of AP-42, and the emission factor of VOCs was 0.030 kg/ton-coke. It showed that the emission factor of VOCs via field measurement was approximately 56% of that reported by Taiwan EPA. Therefore, VOCs emissions estimated by the Taiwan EPA would be highly overestimated than those from the coke oven in the site.
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Zhai, Zhiqiang, Ran Tu, Junshi Xu, An Wang, and Marianne Hatzopoulou. "Capturing the Variability in Instantaneous Vehicle Emissions Based on Field Test Data." Atmosphere 11, no. 7 (July 20, 2020): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11070765.

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Emission models are important tools for traffic emission and air quality estimates. Existing instantaneous emission models employ the steady-state “engine emissions map” to estimate emissions for individual vehicles. However, vehicle emissions vary significantly, even under the same driving conditions. Variability in the emissions at a specific driving condition depends on various influencing factors. It is important to gain insight into the effects of these factors, to enable detailed modeling of individual vehicle emissions. This study employs a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS), to collect vehicle emissions including the corresponding parameters of engine condition, vehicle activity, catalyst temperature, geography, and meteorology, to analyze the variability in emission rates as a function of those factors, across different vehicle specific power (VSP) categories. We observe that carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particle number emissions are strongly correlated with engine parameters (engine speed, torque, load, and air-fuel ratio) and vehicle activity parameters (vehicle speed and acceleration). In the same VSP bin, emissions per second on highways and ramps are higher than those on arterial roads, and the emissions when the vehicle is traveling downhill tend to be higher than the emissions during uphill traveling, because of higher observed speeds and accelerations. Morning emissions are higher than afternoon emissions, due to lower temperatures.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Emissions"

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Jooste, Dustin. "Emissions trading scheme for South Africa : opportunities and challenges." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79330.

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ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research report aims to determine whether an emissions trading scheme or carbon tax is the most suitable market-based emissions reduction mechanism for South Africa, given its multiple environmental, social and economic objectives. Key factors considered in this comparison include: environmental effectiveness; economic efficiency; social welfare impacts; public finance considerations; administrative complexity and costs; and, finally, the relationship to global greenhouse gas reduction mechanisms. These factors are compared in the short and long term to determine which mechanism is most likely to deliver South Africa’s emissions reduction targets within the given time frames. The comparison of these factors involves a non-empirical literature review, followed by a rating of the mechanisms in order to distil a best fit in terms of the various aspects of an effective emissions reduction mechanism, taking into account the specific needs and conditions of South Africa. The research found that, in the short term, a carbon tax was best suited to the South African context. This is because of the fiscal certainty inherent in this mechanism, which provides clear price signals and a stable public income. However, the reasons for these comparative advantages over an emissions trading scheme relate to the long lead times and structure of the latter mechanism, which requires years of implementation and favours environmental effectiveness over economic efficiency. Further reasons include a lack of understanding and buy-in in terms of market-based mechanisms, a situation that favours familiarity over effectiveness in some instances. Taking these issues into account, the research shows that an emissions trading scheme is better suited to the South African context in the long term. Once properly implemented, this mechanism provides superior results in terms of the above-mentioned factors, and specifically in terms of environmental effectiveness and the potential for benefit through international integration. This research report concludes that the South African government has failed to take a long-term view of the mechanisms available for emissions reduction, choosing instead to implement a carbon tax, which favours economic growth at the expense of the environment and future generations. A general lack of understanding of the structures and opportunity costs of the two mechanisms necessitates an investigation by government of the applicability and structure of an emissions trading scheme in the South African context before market-based mechanisms can play an effective part in the future development of the country’s environmental regulatory regime.
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Paulsson, Fredrik. "Emissions for Sale : The Ethics of Emissions Trading." Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1954.

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International regulations target a global reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions through the allocation of national reduction targets and the definition of mechanisms to achieve these targets. One of these mechanisms is international emissions trading, these trading programs have been the targets of widespread criticism since they were introduced into the policy-making arena. The point of departure in this study has been that the trading raises questions about morality, since it implies signals, which legitimates pollution. The main purpose with this study has been to find out if emissions trading systems can be morally justified with the method of wide reflective equilibrium. From the study it was found that the moral intuition; it is wrong to pollute the environment, and perform activities, which legitimates pollution, finds support from the different theories within environmental ethics and Kantian ethics. But, it was also found that there are a number of background theories, such as neo-classical economic thinking, liberalism, and utilitarianism, that supports the notion of emissions trading. The paper argues that even though the concept of CO2-emissions trading raises moral questions it can be morally defended on the basis of rationality. When the theory about specification is applied to the concept of emissions trading it is possible to reach a situation were a wide reflective equilibrium is achieved.

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Vice, President Research Office of the. "Undermining Emissions." Office of the Vice President Research, The University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/9509.

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Once a source of environmental concern, mine tailings could now contribute to the fight against climate change. Greg Dipple and team are discovering how mines can potentially ofset their own emissions.
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Nord, Kent. "Particles and unregulated emissions from CI engines subjected to emission control /." Luleå : Luleå University of Technology, 2005. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1544/2005/09.

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Kim, Tae-Kyung. "Dynamic analysis of sulfur dioxide monthly emissions in U.S. power plants." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1086195964.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xviii, 218 p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Jean Michael Guldmann, City and Regional Planning Graduate Program. Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-133).
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de, Souza Nayara. "Total Fume Emissions and Emission Factors Applicable to Gas Metal Arc Welding." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2603.

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Welding is a common industrial practice that has the potential to emit air pollutants. Emission factors are useful indicators to help in the understanding of the extent of pollution from a process and managing them to reduce or minimize health impacts. The objective of this thesis is to determine emission factors applicable to the gas metal arc welding (GMAW), under varying current and voltage conditions. The most used base metals and an electrode for the shipbuilding industry were considered. A weld fume chamber was used to achieve the project goals along with standard sampling and analytical procedures. Three test runs were performed for each sampling scenario to ensure repeatability. The EPA EF average for MS experiments with the ER70S-6 electrode is 5.2 g/kg, and for SS experiments with the ER316L-Si electrode is 3.2 g/kg, while the average results for this study were 6.81 g/kg and 3.28 g/kg respectively.
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Bannister, Christopher David. "Vehicle emissions measurement." Thesis, University of Bath, 2007. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437600.

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Nemalapuri, Vijay Krishna. "Impact of Traffic Operations on Carbon Monoxide Emissions Analysis." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1282322424.

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Bowerman, Niel H. A. "Emission targets for avoiding dangerous climate change." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a330ad41-54e4-46d7-99b5-110bd40a820b.

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A number of recent studies have found a strong link between peak global warming due to anthropogenic carbon dioxide and cumulative carbon emissions from the start of the industrial revolution. This thesis builds on this work by using a simple climate model to apply the concept of cumulative emissions to emission floors, by comparing cumulative emissions with other types of emissions target, and by extending the work to apply to noncarbon dioxide (CO2) greenhouse gases and short-lived climate forcers (SLCFs). Though peak global warming correlates well with cumulative carbon emissions, the link to emissions over shorter periods or in the years 2020 or 2050 is shown to be weaker. It is also shown that the introduction of emissions floors does not reduce the importance of cumulative emissions, but may make some warming targets unachievable. For pathways that give a most likely warming up to about 4°C, cumulative emissions from pre-industrial times to year 2200 correlate strongly with most likely resultant peak warming in the simple model used, regardless of the type of emissions floor used. The maximum rate of CO2- induced warming is not determined by cumulative emissions but is shown to be limited by the peak rate of CO2 emissions. A simple model of non-CO2 greenhouse gases is also developed and used to investigate SLCFs. It is shown that emissions of SLCFs today have little impact on peak warming, and that delaying near-term reductions in SLCFs would not have a significant impact on peak warming. Only once CO2 emissions are falling do SLCF emissions have a significant impact on peak warming. A global climate policy framework is presented as an example of how the work in this thesis could be used in policy. Future work is also discussed, particularly verification of these results in a more complex model.
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Seward, Balaji B. "Small engine emissions testing laboratory development and emissions sampling system verification." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/11024.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2010.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xvi, 110 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-110).
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Books on the topic "Emissions"

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Engineers, Society of Automotive, and International Fall Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition (1996 : San Antonio, Tex.), eds. Emissions and emissions control. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1996.

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Engineers, Society of Automotive, and SAE International Congress and Exposition (1996 : Detroit, Mich.), eds. Engine emissions and emissions measurement. Warrendale, Pa: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1996.

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Engineers, Society of Automotive, and SAE International Congress & Exposition (1996 : Detroit, Mich.), eds. Engine emissions and emissions measurement. Warrendale, Pa: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1996.

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International, SAE. Particulates-emission control ; NOx emission control; intergrated emissions systems; emissions measurements; and worldwide OnRoad emission control experience Europe, USA and Japan. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 2006.

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Antes, Ralf, Bernd Hansjürgens, Peter Letmathe, and Stefan Pickl, eds. Emissions Trading. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20592-7.

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Antes, Ralf, Bernd Hansjürgens, and Peter Letmathe, eds. Emissions Trading. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73653-2.

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Frenz, Walter. Emissions-handelsrecht. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b138431.

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Meynell, Katharine. Emissions book. London: Gefn Press, 1992.

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Engineers, Society of Automotive, and International Fall Fuels & Lubricants Meeting & Exposition (1998 : San Francisco, Calif.), eds. SI emissions. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 1998.

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Engineers, Society of Automotive, and SAE International Spring Fuels & Lubricants Meeting and Exposition (2004 : Toulouse, France), eds. Emissions technologies. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Emissions"

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Palocz-Andresen, Michael. "Emissions." In Decreasing Fuel Consumption and Exhaust Gas Emissions in Transportation, 81–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11976-7_5.

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Basu, Prabir. "Emissions." In Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers, 121–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06173-3_5.

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Urbanski, Shawn P., Susan M. O’Neill, Amara L. Holder, Sarah A. Green, and Rick L. Graw. "Emissions." In Wildland Fire Smoke in the United States, 121–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87045-4_5.

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AbstractThis chapter assesses the current state of the science regarding the composition, intensity, and drivers of wildland fire emissions in the USA and Canada. Globally and in the USA wildland fires are a major source of gases and aerosols which have significant air quality impacts and climate interactions. Wildland fire smoke can trigger severe pollution episodes with substantial effects on public health. Fire emissions can degrade air quality at considerable distances downwind, hampering efforts by air regulators to meet air standards. Fires are a major global source of aerosols which affect the climate system by absorbing and scattering radiation and by altering optical properties, coverage, and lifetime of clouds. A thorough understanding of fire emissions is essential for effectively addressing societal and climate consequences of wildland fire smoke.
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Roth, Hannah Rae, Meghan Lewis, and Liane Hancock. "Emissions." In The Green Building Materials Manual, 89–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64888-6_7.

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McAllister, Sara, Jyh-Yuan Chen, and A. Carlos Fernandez-Pello. "Emissions." In Fundamentals of Combustion Processes, 177–98. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7943-8_9.

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Hadler, Markus, Beate Klösch, Stephan Schwarzinger, Markus Schweighart, Rebecca Wardana, and David Neil Bird. "Estimating and Explaining the Greenhouse Gas Emissions." In Surveying Climate-Relevant Behavior, 73–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85796-7_5.

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AbstractThis chapter starts with an overview of the current national emission figures for Austria. Subsequently, the emissions of our respondents are presented in detail and contrasted with the number of national emissions. Since one goal of the study was to improve survey research in measuring environmentally significant behavior, questions are selected which allow a valid estimation of the total emissions caused by a person. We propose a set of five variables which capture around 77% of an individual’s total emissions. Furthermore, we are able to confirm that socio-demographic variables such as age, income, and residential area have a significant impact on an individual’s emission consumption.
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Hamamoto, Mitsutsugu. "Target-Setting Emissions Trading Program in Saitama Prefecture: Impact on CO2 Emissions in the First Compliance Period." In Economics, Law, and Institutions in Asia Pacific, 117–27. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6964-7_7.

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Abstract This chapter investigates whether the Target-Setting Emissions Trading (TSET) Program launched in 2011 by Saitama Prefecture in Japan had an impact on CO2 emissions during the first compliance period. Facility-level data are used to estimate the causal relationship between implementation of the program and changes in CO2 emissions. The results indicate that the TSET Program spurred emission reduction efforts. In addition, this chapter shows that the TSET Program also functioned as an incentive for facilities that are not covered by the program to lower their energy consumption. These findings indicate that the TSET Program succeeded in encouraging emission reduction efforts by the facilities, even though the program includes no penalty for facilities that do not meet emission goals.
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Kruger, Joseph. "Companies and regulators in emissions trading programs." In Emissions Trading, 3–20. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73653-2_1.

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Klingelhöfer, Heinz Eckart. "Investment decisions and emissions trading." In Emissions Trading, 149–64. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73653-2_10.

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Hesselbarth, Charlotte. "Emissions trading and Corporate Sustainability Management." In Emissions Trading, 167–81. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73653-2_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Emissions"

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Zaqarashvili, T. V. "Magnetohydrodynamic Shocks and Solitons in the Solar Atmosphere: Recent Challenges in Observations and Theory." In Planetary Radio Emissions VII. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/pre7s465.

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Veronig, A. M. "STEREO Observations of Large-Scale Waves in the Solar Corona (abstract)." In Planetary Radio Emissions VII. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/pre7s471.

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Muhr, N. "Study of the Kinematics, Driver of the Global Moreton Wave Observed on 28-10-2003 (abstract)." In Planetary Radio Emissions VII. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/pre7s473.

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Rucker, H. O. "Implications of Antenna System Calibration on Spacecraft Design and Radio Data Analysis." In Planetary Radio Emissions VII. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/pre7s475.

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Sampl, M. "Numerical Simulations of the Solar Orbiter Antenna System RPW ANT." In Planetary Radio Emissions VII. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/pre7s487.

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Girard, J. N. "Antenna Design and Distribution for a LOFAR Super Station in Nançay." In Planetary Radio Emissions VII. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/pre7s495.

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Zarka, P. "Planetary and Exoplanetary Studies with the Giant Radio Telescope LOFAR (abstract)." In Planetary Radio Emissions VII. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/pre7s505.

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Mann, G. "Solar Observations with LOFAR." In Planetary Radio Emissions VII. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/pre7s507.

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Gurnett, D. A. "An SLS4 Longitude System Based on a Tracking Filter Analysis of the Rotational Modulation of Saturn Kilometric Radiation." In Planetary Radio Emissions VII. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/pre7s51.

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Karlsson, R. "Combined Radio Observations with LOFAR and the Giant Ukrainian Radio Telescope." In Planetary Radio Emissions VII. Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/pre7s513.

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Reports on the topic "Emissions"

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Le Fevre, Chris. Methane Emissions. Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, July 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26889/9781784670887.

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McGrath, Tom, Wendy Coulson, and James McCarthy. PR-312-18209-E01 Methane Emissions from Compressors in Transmission and Storage Subpart W Sources. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011630.

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This white paper provides a step-by-step review of the methodology and data sources for development of compressor methane emission factors (EFs), and develops updated EFs based on Subpart W compressor measurement and leak survey data. The methodology is analogous to that used in a previous GRI/EPA Methane Emissions Study. In all cases, updated T and S compressor emission factors are lower than historical emission factors, and significantly lower in some cases. The updated emission factors provide a current best-estimate of T and S compressors emissions, and can be used to update emission estimates in the EPA Annual GHG Inventory Report, and to provide an alternative method for the annual estimate of compressor emissions for Subpart W.
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Clark, Nigel. Transportable Emissions Testing Laboratory for Alternative Vehicles Emissions Testing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1177776.

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Coulson, Wendy, Tom McGrath, and James McCarthy. PR-312-16202-R03 Methane Emissions from Transmission and Storage Subpart W Sources. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011619.

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A 2018 PRCI report evaluated related emissions from compressor seals, isolation valves, and blowdown valves based on direct measurements required by Subpart W of the GHG Reporting Program. This report presents the methane emissions data from 2011 - 2016 for the balance of the Subpart W emission sources, including: facility leaks (other than from compressor isolation valves and blowdown valves), pneumatic controller venting, condensate tank dump valve leakage, and blowdown emissions from stations. Transmission pipeline blowdown emission reporting was added to the EPA regulation in late 2015, and 2016 and 2017 pipeline blowdown data are presented in this report. The objective of the project is to evaluate and analyze the dataset, and compare methane emission estimates from these sources to historical data used by EPA, primarily the emission factors (EFs) from the mid-1990s EPA/Gas Research Institute (GRI) study used by EPA in its annual GHG inventory (GHGi) report. The results and related EFs and analysis of relative contribution from different sources can be used: (1) as an alternative to GHGi EFs for estimating methane emissions for Transmission and Storage (T and S) operations; (2) to document the relative contribution of different T and S methane emission sources; and (3) to identify reductions relative to historical estimates and support more efficient methane mitigation strategies. The Subpart W data for leaks and pneumatic devices are consistently lower than GHGi estimates, and blowdown emissions from compressor stations and transmission pipelines are similar in magnitude to GHGi estimates.
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Chepeliev, Maksym. Development of the Non-CO2 GHG Emissions Database for the GTAP 10A Data Base. GTAP Research Memoranda, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.rm32.

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The purpose of this note is to document data sources and steps used to develop the non-CO2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions database for the GTAP Data Base Version 10A. Emissions are reported for three types of non-CO2 GHGs – CH4 (methane), N2O (nitrous oxide) and the group of fluorinated gases (F-gases), and cover four reference years – 2004, 2007, 2011 and 2014. FAOSTAT dataset is used for sourcing agricultural non-CO2 emissions, EDGAR v5.0 and v4.2 databases are used to source non-agricultural emissions. Each emission flow is associated with one of the four sets of emission drivers: output by industries, endowment by industries, input use by industries and consumption by households.
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CIFOR. Measuring carbon emissions. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/004262.

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Skone, Timothy J. Petroleum Refinery Emissions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1509439.

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Hammond, M. R., J. V. Eccles, and R. A. Armstrong. Infrared Plasma Emissions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada306140.

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Mann, M. D., M. E. Collings, and B. C. Young. Nitrous oxide emissions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10114523.

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Precila, C. F., and Russell A. Armstrong. IR Plasma Emissions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada227713.

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