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Salas, Villalobos Sergio. "Temporary Measures on the Merits Its uniqueness in the Peruvian procedural system and its necessary adequacy as a Self-Help Measure." IUS ET VERITAS, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122529.
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This article addresses the temporary measures on the merits, to the author this is a hybrid concept within the Peruvian procedural system. to explain this procedural notion, the author begins alluding to the differentiated tutelage and, within it, the self-help measures; then he refers to the procedural stage where the temporary measures on the merits should be placed and also makes a comparison between precautionary measures and self-help measures to conclude that the temporary measures on the merits must be treated as self-help measures.El presente artículo aborda las medidas temporales sobre el fondo, que para el autor es un concepto híbrido dentro del sistema procesal peruano. Para explicar esta noción procesal el autor empieza haciendo alusión a la tutela diferenciada y, dentro de ella, a las medidas autosatisfactivas; luego de ello, se refiere al escenario procesal donde deberían ubicarse las medidas temporales sobre el fondo y, además, hace una comparación entre las medidas cautelares y las medidasautosatisfactivas para concluir que las medidas temporales sobre el fondodeben asimilarse como medidas autosatisfactivas.
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Aldridge, Jesse Philmore. "The role of health physicists in contemporary radiological emergency response." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19434.
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Egri, Erica. "USING SURROGATE MEASURES TO PREDICT PATIENT SATISFACTION IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3980.
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With healthcare organizations struggling to remain competitive and financially stable in a market where minimizing costs is a priority, hospital administrators feel the sense of urgency when it comes to keeping patients satisfied with services in order to expand volume and market share. The Emergency Department is considered the front door of a healthcare organization, and keeping its visitors satisfied in order to guarantee a future visit or a referral to a friend or family member is a must. While patient input on the services received in a healthcare facility is essential to improving quality of care, the costs associated with measuring, collecting and analyzing their feedback are remarkable. This research focuses on developing a linear regression model to predict patient satisfaction in the ED using surrogate measures related to patient's socio-demographic characteristics and visit characteristics. With a model of this kind, healthcare administrators can potentially eliminate survey costs while still being able to determine where the hospital stands in the eyes of the patient. Three modeling approaches were used to develop a multiple regression equation. Modeling approach 1 used monthly patient satisfaction scores as the dependent variable collected by a third-party survey organization. The goal of this model was to predict monthly patient satisfaction scores. Modeling approach 2 used patient satisfaction scores collected by the discharge registrar prior to the patient leaving the ED. The goal of this model was to predict patient satisfaction scores on a patient-by-patient basis. Modeling approach 3 used patient satisfaction scores collected by a third-party survey organization. The goal of this modeling approach was to predict patient satisfaction scores on a patient-by-patient basis. Each modeling approach developed in this study used its own survey tool. Though this study had limitations when it came to developing the models and validating the findings, results are very promising. Analysis shows that predicting average patient satisfaction scores on a monthly basis gives the most accurate results, with socio-demographic characteristics and visit characteristics explaining 96% of variation in monthly average patient satisfaction scores. Other model indicators, such as normality of residuals, predicted error, mean square error, and predicted R-square show that the model fits the data very well and has strong predictive ability. Models that attempted to predict patient satisfaction on a patient-by-patient basis appeared to be ineffective, with very large predicted errors and prediction intervals and low predictive ability.Ph.D.
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science
Industrial Engineering PhD
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Yazdani, Shahid. "Emergency safeguard : WTO and the feasibility of emergency safeguard measures under the general agreement on trade in services." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/573/.
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The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) along with other agreements was concluded in the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations in 1994. However, negotiations continued within the WTO framework and are still a work in progress on some specific issues under the GATS including the question of Emergency Safeguard Measures, which has been raised in Article X of the GATS as part of its ‘built-in agenda’. The thesis looks at the concept of the Emergency Safeguards Measures (ESMs) in the GATT/WTO and tries to develop an answer to the ‘question of ESMs’, which is deluding the negotiators and researchers for more than fifteen years. The thesis tries to analyse whether the GATT type ESMs can be transposed to GATS. It also explores that whether ESMs that are modelled on GATT are feasible under GATS, and if feasible, are these really desirable. If these are feasible and desirable then what should be their possible structure remaining within the existing GATT paradigm. The thesis walks through the provisions that already exist in the GATS to meet the circumstances perceived by the countries that are seeking specific ESMs under GATS and whether these provisions address the concerns of the demanders of the concept. The thesis not only takes into account the academic and legal literature on the subject but also and perhaps more practically, takes into account the dynamics of the negotiations, discussions and debates within the WTO system on the subject. The thesis tries to provide an in-depth analysis of the issue and goes beyond what is already available in the International Trade Law literature on the ESMs under the cross border trade in services. It seeks to answer a question that presently exists in the International Trade Law especially with reference to the law emerging out of WTO.
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Murray, Heather Elizabeth. "Cellulitis in the emergency department: Developing and testing objective outcome measures." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6277.
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Introduction. The treatment of cellulitis with intravenous antibiotics administered in Emergency Departments is a new phenomenon with significant inter-physician variation. A clinical trial will address many of the questions surrounding this practice. Previous trials have been flawed because of the absence of a validated objective outcome measure. Methods. Eligible patients with cellulitis were prospectively recruited for an observational cohort study and underwent daily measurements of their infection. These measurements were evaluated for their feasibility, inter-rater reliability and criterion validity (compared with the primary outcome of treatment failure versus clinical response; a classification based on physician treatment decisions) Results. Only the infection size and change in size over time performed well, obtaining statistical significance in all domains. Conclusions. The change in size of infection over time is a valid and reliable reflection of clinical decisions for patients with cellulitis, and should be used as the primary outcome for clinical trials of cellulitis therapy.
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Willhaus, Janet. "Measures of physiological and psychological stress in novice health professions students during a simulated patient emergency." Thesis, Washington State University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3587191.
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Learning to provide emergency care alone and with others in the clinical environment imposes unexplored stresses on novice caregivers. It is unclear whether this stress inhibits or promotes performance and learning. Many academic health professions programs incorporate simulation as a method for teaching patient care emergencies. This study employed a modified switching replications design to explore the relationships and differences between psychological, physiological, and performance measures in health professions students who participated in acutely stressful health care simulation scenarios. Twenty-seven volunteer participants recruited from nursing, medicine, pharmacy, physical therapy, occupational therapy and speech therapy were assigned to teams in either a simulation treatment or a control group. Teams participated in two simulations scenarios where a fallen patient required assistance. Subjects in the simulation treatment groups received a standardized training module called the First Five Minutes® between simulation experiences. Mean heart rate, maximal mean heart rate, salivary alpha amylase levels, and salivary cortisol levels were compared at intervals before, during, and after each simulation scenario. Psychological stress was evaluated using the Stressor Appraisal Scale (SAS). Team performance during scenarios was scored by independent evaluators using an skills checklist adapted from a standardized commercially available training module, The First Five Minutes™. Performance scores improved in both groups during the second simulation. Mean performance scores of the simulation intervention teams (M = 14.1, SD = 1.43) were significantly higher (t = 4.54, p < .01) than the performance scores of the control teams ( M = 10.6, SD = .96). Psychological and physiological measures did not significantly predict performance. Psychological and physiological indicators were reactive to the simulations across time, but did not differ significantly between the control and simulation intervention groups. This investigation explored the multi-dimensional nature of stress (psychological and physiological) that health professions students experience while learning. Simulation intervention did significantly improve group performance, but did not mitigate individual participant stress. Future research should include study with teams of working professionals to determine whether performance and stress measures differ with experience and expertise.
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Thomas, Ruth. "Test of a Smock System on CPR Primary Emergency Measures and Medical Errors During Simulated Emergencies." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/759.
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Rates of survival of victims of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) using cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) have shown little improvement over the past three decades. Since registered nurses (RNs) comprise the largest group of healthcare providers in U.S. hospitals, it is essential that they are competent in performing the four primary measures (compression, ventilation, medication administration, and defibrillation) of CPR in order to improve survival rates of SCA patients. The purpose of this experimental study was to test a color-coded SMOCK system on:1) time to implement emergency patient care measures 2) technical skills performance 3) number of medical errors, and 4) team performance during simulated CPR exercises. The study sample was 260 RNs (M 40 years, SD=11.6) with work experience as an RN (M 7.25 years, SD=9.42).Nurses were allocated to a control or intervention arm consisting of 20 groups of 5-8 RNs per arm for a total of 130 RNs in each arm. Nurses in each study arm were given clinical scenarios requiring emergency CPR. Nurses in the intervention group wore different color labeled aprons (smocks) indicating their role assignment (medications, ventilation, compression, defibrillation, etc) on the code team during CPR. Findings indicated that the intervention using color-labeled smocks for pre-assigned roles had a significant effect on the time nurses started compressions (t=3.03, p=0.005), ventilations (t=2.86, p=0.004) and defibrillations (t=2.00, p=.05) when compared to the controls using the standard of care. In performing technical skills, nurses in the intervention groups performed compressions and ventilations significantly better than those in the control groups. The control groups made significantly (t=-2.61, p=0.013) more total errors (7.55 SD 1.54) than the intervention group (5.60, SD 1.90). There were no significant differences in team performance measures between the groups. Study findings indicate use of colored labeled smocks during CPR emergencies resulted in: shorter times to start emergency CPR; reduced errors; more technical skills completed successfully; and no differences in team performance.
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Lourens, Andrit. "Developing an in-depth understanding of acute pain assessment and management in the prehospital setting in the Western Cape, South Africa, the factors influencing practice and what improvement measures could advance prehospital acute pain management." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32775.
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Introduction: Acute pain is a common reason for seeking emergency care in the prehospital and emergency centre settings where pain prevalence ranges widely. Pain is a significant global health problem which often goes unnoticed and is undermanaged. To this end, a project consisting of a series of research studies aimed to develop an understanding of acute prehospital pain assessment and management in South Africa was conducted to identify how best to improve this field. Methods: The project consisted of four distinct objectives to be investigated as separate but interconnected studies. The first objective was answered through a secondary research methodology (scoping review) to identify and map the body of evidence on acute prehospital pain assessment and management in Africa. The remaining three objectives were answered using primary research methods in studies conducted in the Western Cape, South Africa. Two observational studies, (i) a cross-sectional online survey and (ii) a retrospective review, respectively, aimed to describe (i) the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding prehospital acute pain assessment and management among emergency care providers and (ii) current prehospital acute pain assessment and management practices in high acuity trauma patients. The final study employed qualitative research methods using focus groups and content analysis to explore and describe emergency care providers' perspectives of acute pain assessment and management as well as perceived barriers and facilitators to pain management. Main results: In the scoping review, six publications on acute pain research in the African prehospital setting were identified, indicative of the paucity and immaturity of this research area. In the cross-sectional online survey, suboptimal levels of knowledge and attitudes regarding pain (58.01%) were found among emergency care providers, with gaps in all aspects of pain knowledge and attitudes of distrust in self-reported pain identified. The retrospective review recorded pain scores were documented in only 18.1% of the high acuity trauma patients reviewed, while moderate-to-severe pain (78.6%) was prevalent among those who had a pain score documented. Less than 3% of all trauma patients, and less than 8% of those with moderate-to-severe pain received analgesic medication, thus, suggesting less than ideal prehospital pain assessment and management practices. In the final qualitative study, six focus groups and one interview were conducted among 25 emergency care providers. Through content analysis five themes, namely: assessing pain is difficult in this setting; many factors affect clinical reasoning some unique to this (hostile) setting; basic and intermediate life support practitioners' reality of prehospital pain care; the emergency centre does not understand what we do, how we work, what it is like; and how can we do better; emerged from the data. Conclusion: Africa has a scarcity of prehospital pain research with current evidence mainly from South Africa while knowledge of prehospital pain assessment and management in the Western Cape, South Africa proved to be a significant gap. This gap appears to be underpinned by limited educational focus, lack of pain prioritisation in emergency medical services (EMS) organisations, lack of clear evidence-based prehospital pain clinical practice guidelines, and emergency care providers' indifference towards prehospital pain care. A joint approach from EMS organisations and educational institutions, coupled with clinical practice guideline development, as well as interdisciplinary collaboration between prehospital emergency care and emergency medicine, are required. Further research must focus on developing the body of African prehospital pain knowledge to inform clinical practice and advance quality prehospital pain care.
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Warlick, James S. "The Preparedness for Emergency Conditions of Public Schools in Texas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277810/.
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A survey of Texas public schools was conducted to determine the state of their emergency preparedness programs with particular interest in hazard analysis, disaster experience, chain of command of responsibility, personnel training, and inter-agency cooperation. A model emergency management plan was proposed. A stratified random sample of all Texas public school districts was drawn from the twenty education service center regions and university interscholastic league district size classifications. Of the 275 districts sampled, 214 questionnaires were completed for a 78% return. The strong return justified a generalization to the entire population.
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Lorentz, Andrew. "Design, construction and testing of an ascending micropenetrometer to measure soil crust resistance." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2014. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8511.
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The increasing world population is putting pressure on global food production.
Agriculture must meet these growing demands by increasing crop yields. One phenomenon
which prevents seedling emergence and damages crop yield is soil crusting. Understanding
of soil crusting and the factors which influence it is fundamental to ensuring good crop
production. An instrument which will test soil crust strength in a novel way, mimicking
seedling growth, may lead to pre-emptive agricultural soil management which could
increase crop production. This work details the process of design, construction and testing
of an ascending penetrometer to measure soil crust strength. The full design process is
discussed from concept generation and evaluation, using experimental methods and a
multi-criteria decision making tool, through to final design configuration, specification,
manufacture and testing.
Traditionally, soil penetrometers measure soil strength by forcing a probe from the surface
of the soil into the bulk soil below. To more accurately measure the direct impedance a
seedling would experience a device should measure impedance from the bulk soil upwards
and into the soil crust, mimicking what a growing seedling would experience. Results
prove that the manufactured ascending penetrometer with a force resolution of 0.01N and
displacement resolution of 0.0004mm is capable of detecting differences in soil crusts. At
these resolutions and accuracy to 0.1N and 0.1mm excellent repeatability was achieved.
The machine is therefore a useful and realistic tool for quantitatively comparing soil crusts
in soil. It is hoped that being able to compare soil crust strength will lead to improved soil
management techniques.
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Chen, Ted L. "Design and evaluation of an in-cockpit re-planning tool as an emergency decision aid." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12240.
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McClatchey, Kirstie. "Developing guidance to inform a clinically meaningful and feasible suicide risk assessment measure for use in emergency departments." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2018. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/1256366.
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Introduction: Over 800,000 people die by suicide each year, and despite being a global public health issue, limited research exists exploring suicide risk assessment practices in emergency departments. The current thesis investigated emergency department suicide risk assessment practices and clinician experiences in Scotland, to develop guidance to inform the development of a clinically meaningful and feasible suicide risk assessment for these settings which is theoretically underpinned. Methods: A mixed-method triangulation approach was utilised. Two systematic reviews were conducted to update the risk and protective factor literature. This was followed by a national survey of suicide risk assessment practices in emergency departments. Fifty-one clinicians across 17 emergency departments participated, and six clinicians participated in follow-up semi-structured interviews to investigate their experiences, which were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings of the thesis were triangulated using the ‘following-a-thread' method, to develop guidance for informing the development of future risk assessment for use in emergency departments. Results: The systematic reviews identified emerging risk and protective factors including, sexual orientation and internet usage. The survey identified substantial variation in practice between emergency department clinicians. Only 35 (68.6%) participants reported using a suicide risk assessment tool. Importantly, variation was found not only across clinicians and departments, but also within departments, with clinicians based within the same department reporting differing risk assessment practices, indicating both inter- and intra-department suicide risk assessment practice differences. The qualitative analysis of clinician experience established four major themes (current experiences; components of suicide risk assessment; clinical decision-making; suicide risk assessment needs). Triangulation of findings developed recommendations for suicide risk assessment tools and training for emergency departments. Discussion: The risk and protective factor literature has evolved due to societal changes, and there is substantial variation in suicide risk assessment practices, both across and within emergency departments. Clinicians also find suicide risk assessment challenging. There is a need for consistent training, appropriate and helpful guidelines, and the improvement of risk assessment tools to improve practice. It is recommended that suicide risk assessment tools are developed to align to clinicians' needs, while taking into account research from the health domain and from related psychological research domains.
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Kari, Uday Shankar. "Emergency evacuation around nuclear power stations : a systems approach /." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03122009-040357/.
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Hessel-Garten, Rebecca. "Development of a manual for small towns and rural areas to develop a hazardous materials emergency plan." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9913.
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Wilder, Jessica A. "Operationalizing the Pressure and Release Theoretical Framework Using Risk Ratio Analysis to Measure Vulnerability and Predict Risk from Natural Hazards in the Tampa, FL Metropolitan Area." Scholar Commons, 2018. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7245.
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Significant damage and loss is experienced every year due to natural hazards such as hurricanes, tornadoes, droughts, floods, wildfires, volcanoes, and earthquakes. NOAA’s National Center for Environmental Information (NCEI) reports that in 2016 the United States experienced more than a dozen climate disaster events with damages and loss in excess of a billion dollars (NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, 2017). Identifying vulnerabilities and risk associated with disaster threats is now a major focus of natural hazards research. Natural hazards research has yielded numerous theoretical frameworks over the last 25 years that have explained important elements of risk and vulnerability in disasters (Birkmann, 2016b). However, there has been much less progress made in operationalizing these frameworks. While the theory is well established, one of the more pressing challenges before us is the lack of development of user-friendly and flexible risk assessment techniques for emergency managers (Mustafa et al., 2011).
The trend in operationalizing natural hazards, theoretical frameworks has been the development of general, all-purpose, static models to measure vulnerability. However, important missing elements in the current hazards literature is the need for an operationalized risk model that is (1) simple, quick and easy to use, (2) flexible for changing conditions, and (3) site-specific for various geographic locations. Many of the current models for determining risk and vulnerability are very complex and time consuming to calculate and thus make them of little use for emergency and risk managers. In addition, little analysis has been conducted to see if a flexible risk identification measurement system could be developed. As vulnerability and risk become fluid due to changing conditions (environmental—hazard and location) and circumstances (social, economic, and political), our measurement tools need to be able to capture these differences in order to be effective.
This dissertation examines whether the Pressure and Release (PAR) natural hazards, theoretical framework can be operationalized using financial risk ratio methods. Specifically, it analyzes risk ratios using key vulnerability indicators to identify escalating vulnerability and ultimately predict risk. A structured modeling approach was used to identify key vulnerability indicators and develop risk ratios. These are applied to a case study to demonstrate whether this new approach can identify emerging risk trends. My research suggests that instead of operationalizing natural hazards theoretical frameworks using the current static, aggregate index method, a flexible risk ratio method could provide a new, viable option.
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Yeki, Zandisile Rupert. "The health and injury risks faced by emergency medical workers in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/4561.
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This study investigated the health and injury risks faced by emergency medical workers in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality. The aim of the study was to establish the emergency worker`s awareness, level of knowledge and attitude to practices of health and safety issues. The study sample consisted of eighty (80) emergency medical workers stationed in Port Elizabeth and Uitenhage. A self- administered questionnaire was developed and used in an empirical survey to collect data from the respondents on information such as health and safety knowledge, behavior, experiences, attitudes, beliefs and opinions in their workplace. The results of the study indicated that 90% of the workers experienced all occupational hazards identified in the questionnaire. Percutaneous injuries were found to be at 48%, PTSD was rated at 40% due to horrific accidents and incidents complicated by violent threats and armed robberies with emergency workers being victims. Musculoskeletal injuries were found to be very common. Ordinary stress was caused by dissatisfaction over human resources issues and structural changes by the management internally. The findings revealed that some workers took incapacity leave for long periods, sometimes more than three years at a time. The emergency workers are at high risk of being infected by ordinary TB or the more complex type, the DR-TB in their line of duty. The study revealed that there were no health and safety structures in the institution; as a result there was no formal documenting and identification of hazards in order to implement measures to protect the workers from future incidences. Health related absenteeism was high when employees were exposed to such hazards and replacement of skill was not implemented. The main recommendations included wearing of personal protective equipment, safe disposal of sharps objects, guidelines for lifting objects, introduction of organizational safety culture and safe transportation of PTB patients.
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Tsang, Yuenting. "GIS application in emergency management of terrorism events on the University of North Texas campus." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9021/.
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This thesis presents a Web-based geographic information system (GIS) application for campus emergency management that allows users to visualize, integrate, and analyze student population, facilities, and hazard data for efficient emergency management of University of North Texas before, during, and after a terrorism event. End-users can locate and search the source area of an event on a digital map from the ArcIMS-based Website. The website displays corresponding population information and attributes of impacted facilities in real time. School officials and first responders including police, firefighters and medical personnel can promptly plan the appropriate rescue and response procedures according to the displayed results. Finally, the thesis outlines the limitations of Web-based GIS in the arena of campus emergency management.
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Osburn, Toby W. "Hazard mitigation and disaster preparedness planning at American Coastal University: Seeking the disaster-resistant university." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9745/.
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This study employed a qualitative case study method to evaluate the efforts of one university to conduct hazard mitigation and disaster preparedness planning activities and used the Federal Emergency Management Agency framework and selected writings of sociologist and disaster researcher E.L. Quarantelli as models for evaluating the institution's approach. The institution studied was assigned a fictitious name and the identities of the study participants withheld in order to protect the integrity of the institution's planning efforts and its personnel. The study utilized a 92-item questionnaire, field interviews, and review and analysis of documentary materials provided by the institution for data collection purposes. Pattern-matching techniques were applied to identify themes and trends that emerged through the course of data collection. The results indicate the institution has developed an organizational culture that is broadly responsive to and engaged in disaster preparedness planning at multiple levels in a manner generally consistent with principles identified in select writings of Quarantelli. Results further indicate the institution has engaged in identifying hazard mitigation priorities but not in a manner consistent with that advocated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency in its publication entitled Building a Disaster-Resistant University.
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Bull, Torres Maria. "An Index to Measure Efficiency of Hospital Networks for Mass Casualty Disasters." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5145.
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Disaster events have emphasized the importance of healthcare response activities due to the large number of victims. For instance, Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans, in 2005, and the terrorist attacks in New York City and Washington, D.C., on September 11, 2001, left thousands of wounded people. In those disasters, although hospitals had disaster plans established for more than a decade, their plans were not efficient enough to handle the chaos produced by the hurricane and terrorist attacks. Thus, the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) suggested collaborative planning among hospitals that provide services to a contiguous geographic area during mass casualty disasters. However, the JCAHO does not specify a methodology to determine which hospitals should be included into these cooperative plans. As a result, the problem of selecting the right hospitals to include in exercises and drills at the county level is a common topic in the current preparedness stages. This study proposes an efficiency index to determine the efficient response of cooperative-networks among hospitals before an occurrence of mass casualty disaster. The index built in this research combines operations research techniques, and the prediction of this index used statistical analysis. The consecutive application of three different techniques: network optimization, data envelopment analysis (DEA), and regression analysis allowed to obtain a regression equation to predict efficiency in predefined hospital networks for mass casualty disasters. In order to apply the proposed methodology for creating an efficiency index, we selected the Orlando area, and we defined three disaster sizes. Then, we designed networks considering two perspectives, hub-hospital and hub-disaster networks. In both optimization network models the objective function pursued to: reduce the travel distance and the emergency department (ED) waiting time in hospitals, increase the number of services offered by hospitals in the network, and offer specialized assistance to children. The hospital network optimization generated information for 75 hospital networks in Orlando. The DEA analyzed these 75 hospital networks, or decision making units (DMU's), to estimate their comparative efficiency. Two DEAs were performed in this study. As an output variable for each DMU, the DEA-1 considered the number of survivors allocated in less than a 40 miles range. As the input variables, the DEA-1 included: (i) The number of beds available in the network; (ii) The number of hospitals available in the network; and (iii) The number of services offered by hospitals in the network. This DEA-1 allowed the assignment of an efficiency value to each of the 75 hospital networks. As output variables for each DMU, the DEA-2 considered the number of survivors allocated in less than a 40 miles range and an index for ED waiting time in the network. The input variables included in DEA-2 are (i) The number of beds available in the network; (ii) The number of hospitals available in the network; and (iii) The number of services offered by hospitals in the network. These DEA allowed the assignment of an efficiency value to each of the 75 hospital networks. This efficiency index should allow emergency planners and hospital managers to assess which hospitals should be associated in a cooperative network in order to transfer survivors. Furthermore, JCAHO could use this index to evaluate the cooperating emergency hospitals* plans. However, DEA is a complex methodology that requires significant data gathering and handling. Thus, we studied whether a simpler regression analysis would substantially yield the same results. DEA-1 can be predicted using two regression analyses, which concluded that the average distances between hospitals and the disaster locations, and the size of the disaster explain the efficiency of the hospital network. DEA-2 can be predicted using three regressions, which included size of the disaster, number of hospitals, average distance, and average ED waiting time, as predictors of hospital network efficiency. The models generated for DEA-1 and DEA-2 had a mean absolute percent error (MAPE) around 10%. Thus, the indexes developed through the regression analysis make easier the estimation of the efficiency in predefined hospital networks, generating suitable predictors of the efficiency as determined by the DEA analysis. In conclusion, network optimization, DEA, and regressions analyses can be combined to create an index of efficiency to measure the performance of predefined-hospital networks in a mass casualty disaster, validating the hypothesis of this research. Although the methodology can be applied to any county or city, the regressions proposed for predicting the efficiency of hospital network estimated by DEA can be applied only if the city studied has the same characteristics of the Orlando area. These conditions include the following: (i) networks must have a rate of services lager than 0.76; (ii) the number of survivors must be less than 47% of the bed capacity EDs of the area studied; (iii) all hospitals in the network must have ED and they must be located in less than 48 miles range from the disaster sites, and (iv) EDs should not have more than 60 minutes of waiting time. The proposed methodology, in special the efficiency index, support the operational objectives of the 2012 ESF#8 for Florida State to handle risk and response capabilities conducting and participating in training and exercises to test and improve plans and procedures in the health response.Ph.D.
Doctorate
Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science
Industrial Engineering
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Johnstone, William McAdam. "Life safety modelling framework and performance measures to assess community protection systems : application to tsunami emergency preparedness and dam safety management." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43485.
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Rapid-Onset, High-Intensity hazards such as dam failures, tsunami, flash floods, volcanic lahars, urban-wildland interface fires and industrial accidents can produce catastrophic mortality for Populations at Risk (PAR). Governments, local communities and other stakeholders can use risk management, sustainable hazards mitigation and emergency/disaster management processes before an event to establish a Community Protection System (CPS) to protect the PAR. A CPS is a system-of-systems that combines the capabilities of the natural, critical infrastructure and social infrastructure environments. Since a CPS can be expensive to establish and maintain, and since there can be many uncertainties associated with system performance, there is a need to develop reliability-based Life Safety Measures that can be used to analyse and rank alternatives, to optimize designs and to inform stakeholders. Forensic datasets that describe historic disaster outcomes generally cannot support the process of loss and survival estimation; therefore, analytical and simulation-based methods must be used to develop synthetic CPS performance data. Life Safety can be assessed using two limit state equations that assess the sufficiency of time and the sufficiency of protection offered to individuals in the hazard impact zone. These equations consider causal event chains, spatial pathways, network interdependencies, management decisions, differential vulnerabilities, individual decisions and emergent/non-linear systems behaviours. The performance estimates can be estimated and visualized using a Life Safety Performance Space and a time-dependent Life Safety State Space. A Systems Modelling Framework is developed to guide the integration of the analytical and systems simulation models used to estimate mortality and survival. The framework combines concepts from systems engineering, systems safety, Geographic Information Systems, systems simulation, critical infrastructure modelling, hazards research and disaster research. The resulting probabilistic-causal-quantitative framework provides a basis for developing estimates that are transparent and defensible. Detailed theoretical formulations of the Systems Modelling Framework and the Life Safety Measures are developed. A series of hypothetical examples are used to demonstrate the methods. Applications are developed for tsunami preparedness and dam safety at the macro-, meso- and micro-resolutions. The tsunami example considers the Cascadia Subduction Zone tsunami hazard. The dam safety examples consider the St. Francis and Malpasset Dam Failures.
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Baldwin, Timothy D'arcy. "Communicating with university students in an emergency. A survey of what they know and how to reach them." Thesis, School of Information and Library Science, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1901/539.
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The recent emergencies on college campuses including the Virginia Tech massacre of April, 2007, the Northern Illinois University shootings and the Union University tornado highlight the importance of disaster preparedness within the university community. This study is a survey exploring the daily rhythms of student life, the communication channels open to students and students composition and characteristics. This survey finds that students have frequent access to communication technologies which can be utilized as warning channels. The study also concludes that many students do not actively seek out information relative to emergency preparedness and the gaps in the populations knowledge require increased disaster education by the university.
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Ha, Wai On. "Empirical studies toward DRP constructs and a model for DRP development for information systems function." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2002. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/432.
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Musil, Jan. "Plán opatření pro případ vzniku mimořádné události v objektu výrobního charakteru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232698.
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This Diploma thesis deals with creating the Plan of Measures in Case of Exceptional Incidents on manufacture Premises. The first part of thesis is dedicated to description of Exceptional Incidents, primarily accidents with leak of hazardous chemical substances, legislation background of Exceptional Incidents and Emergency planning, Civil Protection, as a complex within Czech Republic and then individual measures (the plan are assembled of) are descripted. The Plan of Measures, as such itself, is created on the basis of processed analysis of hazardous properties connected with chemical substances, used in McBride, a.s., mainly the Acids and mixtures of alcohol. The leak of this compounds was simulated in software ALOHA, which gives information about degree of threat to inhabitants of this area. Suggested Measures are created to be practicable in particular situation in surroundings of McBride, a.s. Aim of this Diploma thesis is not just to create a particular Plan, but integrally describe the issues of Emergency planning especially for smaller subjects within municipality, that do not come under the scope of law n. 59/2006 Sb., and to create a tool, that can help to other creators of similar Plans of Measures to understand to partial relations.
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Ertan, Pinar. "Regulatory Measures To Reduce Natural Hazard Impacts And Local Seismic Attributes In Planning Decisions: The Case Of Fatih District In Istanbul." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610611/index.pdf.
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Urban risks have been questioned since the 1999 events in Turkey confirming that local seismic attributes are primary indicators for urban risk management. During the past decade tools and frameworks for global disaster risk management have shifted the priorities from emergency management to pre-disaster risk management and demand new tasks from urban planning. Security and resilience in local, national and global levels becomes a shared accountability which brings in a prominent role to the planning discipline in reducing local seismic vulnerabilities via research, implementation and disseminating methods of mitigation. In the local context, the so called Disasters Law and the Development Law do not contain the necessary concern for safety in urban planning and have no aspiration to devise appropriate tools for mitigation. The role of city planners, who could mainstream a holistic approach and provide community participation into decision making processes, is hardly apparent in legislation.
Urban mitigation planning methodology thus provides a new area of progression and expansion for the planning profession. This method is investigated in the local context of Fatih, sub-province in Istanbul. It is established that mitigation planning involves an elaborate set of procedures to include hazard identification, determination of vulnerable assets, spatial risk assessment, risk area prioritization, analyses of the emergency state and identification of more effective measures for risk reduction both in spatial and non-spatial terms in line with local development potential. This approach promises a new specialization in the planning theory and practice, and calls for new regulatory tools to facilitate implementation.
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Takeda, Renata Algisi. "Uma contribuição para avaliar o desempenho de sistemas de transporte emergencial de saúde." Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18137/tde-15052014-102209/.
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A rapidez na realização do atendimento às vítimas é uma das maiores necessidades de serviços de atendimento médico de urgência, e o tempo decorrido entre o instante da ocorrência da solicitação pelo serviço e o início do atendimento, denominado tempo de resposta, é um dos principais fatores que influenciam o desempenho do sistema. Este tempo depende de uma reunião de fatores como condições de tráfego, dia e período do dia, número de veículos disponíveis e suas localizações, capacitação profissional da equipe, etc. Apresenta-se neste trabalho uma análise do desempenho do serviço oferecido na cidade de Campinas-SP, tratando o problema por meio do modelo hipercubo de filas, que considera as variações aleatórias dos processos de chegadas e atendimento dos chamados. Sua aplicação produz uma ampla variedade de indicadores de desempenho para o sistema, que são comparados com os valores reais observados, para validar a hipótese de aplicação do modelo. Os resultados de sua aplicação para configurações operacionais alternativas, tais como descentralização e aumento do número de ambulâncias, mostraram uma elevação significativa do nível de serviço oferecido ao usuário. Conclui-se que o modelo constitui uma importante ferramenta de análise para este tipo de sistema, auxiliando na tomada de decisões estratégicas e operacionais do sistema.One of the major concerns of medical emergency systems is to provide the fastest possible medical attention for the victims. The time elapsed between the emergency call and the assistance, called the response time, is one of the main factors that influence the system\'s performance. This time lapse depends on traffic conditions, the day of the week and time of day, the number of available vehicles and their location, the rescue team\'s professional qualifications, etc. This work consists of an analysis of the performance of the emergency service available in Campinas, SP, and deals with the problem using the hypercube queuing model, which considers stochastic variations of the arrival and assistance processes. The application of this model produces a wide variety of system performance indicators, which are compared with the real observed values to validate the model\'s hypothetical application. Application of the model in alternative operational scenarios, such as decentralization and a greater number of ambulances, showed a significant increase in the quality of the service offered to the user. It was concluded that the model constitutes an important analytical tool for this type of system, serving as an aid for strategic and operational decision-making.
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Falkengren, Caroline. "Att stanna inne : så ser människor runt Forsmarks känrkraftverk på skyddsåtgärden." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Centrum för klimat och säkerhet (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78523.
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I Sverige finns en beredskapszon och en indikeringszon som sträcker sig 12-15 respektive cirka 50 kilometer runt de svenska kärnkraftverken. Strålsäkerhetsmyndigheten (SSM) har föreslagit nya beredskapszoner kring kärnkraftverken. Myndighetens förslag är att det ska finnas en inre och en yttre beredskapszon som sträcker sig ungefär fem respektive 25 kilometer runt kärnkraftverken. I zonerna ska det finnas planer för utrymning, inomhusvistelse och intag av jodtabletter. Information och jodtabletter ska delas ut i förväg och varning till allmänheten ska finnas förberett. Myndigheten föreslår också ett planeringsavstånd på 100 kilometer kring kärnkraftverken. Inom planeringsavståndet ska det finnas en plan för utrymning, som bygger på underlag från strålningsmätning av markbeläggningen, en plan för inomhusvistelse samt en plan för begränsad extrautdelning av jodtabletter. I och med att SSM föreslår att det ska finnas en plan för inomhusvistelse så långt som 10 mil runt kärnkraftverken kommer de föreslagna beredskapszonerna innebära att en större andel människor än tidigare kommer att beröras av myndigheternas förberedande arbete. Att det ska finnas en plan för inomhusvistelse innebär att människor som bor i det berörda området behöver känna till att skyddsåtgärden används och vilka fördelarna med den är. Inomhusvistelse är en viktig skyddsåtgärd för att skydda människor men det är samtidigt en frivillig åtgärd, människor i Sverige har all frihet att gå utomhus även om myndigheter rekommenderar annat under en kärnkraftsolycka. Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka inställningen till en rekommendation om inomhusvistelse hos människor bosatta utanför nuvarande beredskapszon men innanför de planerade zonerna runt kärnkraftverket i Forsmark. Frågor som studien avser att besvara är vad det är som kan få människor att bryta rekommendationen och vad myndigheter behöver göra för att förmå människor att stanna inomhus. Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ metod med induktiv ansats. Data har samlats in våren 2019 genom intervjuer med en fokusgrupp och ett par. Datamaterialet bestod därmed av människors funderingar, antaganden och upplevelse av hur de skulle reagera och agera vid de situationer som behandlades under intervjuerna. Texterna från de transkriberade intervjuerna har genomgått kvalitativ innehållsanalys och tolkats genom systematisk kategorisering av teman och mönster där både det manifesta och det latenta innehållet har beaktats. Resultatet av studien visar att människors inställning till en rekommendation om inomhusvistelse på en latent nivå handlar om att hantera osäkerhet. På en konkret nivå är det kategorierna Myndighetsförtroende, Kunskap samt Förberedelse och respons som påverkar inställningen till inomhusvistelse.In Sweden there is a emergency planning zone and an indication zone that extends 12-15 and about 50 kilometers around the nuclear power plants. The Swedish Radiation Safety Authority has proposed new emergency planning zones around the nuclear power plants. The Authority's proposal is that there should be a precautionary action zone and an urgent protective action planning zone extending approximately five and 25 kilometers around the nuclear power plants. The emergency planning zones are to have planning in place for evacuation, sheltering and iodine thyroid blocking. Furthermore, information and iodine thyroid blocking should be distributed in advance and warnings to the public should be pre-planned. The authority also proposes an extended planning distance of 100 kilometers around the nuclear power plants. Within the extended planning distance planning should be in place for relocation based on input from measurements of ground deposition, sheltering, and limited distribution of iodine thyroid blocking. As it is proposed that there should be a plan for sheltering as far as 100 kilometers around the nuclear power plants, the proposed emergency planning zones will imply that a larger proportion of people than before will be affected by the authorities' preparatory work. The fact that there must be a plan for sheltering means that people who live in the area in question need to know that the security measure is applyed and what the benefits of it are. Sheltering is an important protective measure to keep people safe, but at the same time it is a voluntary measure, people in Sweden have the freedom to go outside even if authorities recommend otherwise during a nuclear power plant emergency. The purpose of this study is to investigate the attitude to a recommendation of sheltering in people living outside the current emergency planning zone but within the planned zones around the nuclear power plant in Forsmark. Questions that the study intends to answer is what it is that can cause people to break the recommendation and what authorities need to do to induce people to stay indoors. The study has been carried out with a qualitative method with inductive approach. Data has been collected in spring 2019 through interviews with a focus group and a couple. The data material thus consisted of people's thoughts, assumptions and experience of how they would react and act in the situations that were dealt with during the interviews. The texts from the transcribed interviews have undergone qualitative content analysis and been interpreted through systematic categorization of themes and patterns in which both the manifest and the latent content have been taken into account. The result of the study shows that people's attitude to a recommendation on shelter in place at a latent level is about managing uncertainty. At a specific level, it is the categories of government trust, knowledge and also Preparation and respons that affect the attitude to sheltering.
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Sharifnia, Hamidreza. "Safety related model and studies of Trojan Nuclear Power Plant electrical distribution system." PDXScholar, 1988. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3875.
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The most important requirement for running a nuclear power plant safely is having a reliable safety system, especially during the emergency shutdown condition. For performing a scrutiny load flow and voltage drop study a detailed and comprehensive electrical model for the emergency electrical distribution system of the Trojan Nuclear Power Plant has been developed. This model includes the representation of the transformers, circuit breakers, motors, cables and load data from 4160 volts level down to the individual 480 volts loads.
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Mendes, Tatiane de Jesus Martins. "Avaliação de um protocolo de acolhimento com classificação de risco em relação à capacidade de predizer o desfecho clínico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22134/tde-11082017-193016/.
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Os serviços de saúde destinados ao atendimento às urgências e emergências encontram-se, em sua grande maioria, superlotados ocasionando longas filas de espera, o que pode resultar em prejuízo para o atendimento às pessoas com agravos que demandam urgência no atendimento. Diante deste cenário, faz-se necessário uma organização do sistema, a fim de evitar danos aos pacientes que aguardam por atendimento médico. Neste contexto, o Acolhimento com Classificação de Risco traz ao atendimento de urgência e emergência um norteador para classificar os pacientes e realizar atendimento segundo o potencial de risco, atendendo os casos prioritários e não mais por ordem de chegada. Sendo assim, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a capacidade de um protocolo de Classificação de Risco adaptado do Ministério da Saúde em predizer o desfecho clínico dos pacientes. O estudo foi realizado em uma unidade de urgência e emergência de um hospital privado do interior paulista, compreendendo os meses de julho de 2014 a junho de 2015, com uma amostra de 1674 prontuários de pacientes que buscaram atendimento clínico. Dos prontuários avaliados, 65% eram de pacientes do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 42,0 anos, a queixa mais frequente estava relacionada ao trato digestório (14,8%). A maioria dos pacientes atendidos foi classificada como pouco urgente (verde) 91,2%, seguido de 8,8% de urgentes (amarelos) e 0,1% classificados como emergentes (vermelho). O tempo de atendimento pela classificação de risco e atendimento médico se mostrou-se mais breve nas classificações com maior prioridade. Na análise dos desfechos, 98,7% receberam alta após atendimento médico, tendo como prevalente a classificação não urgente. Dos pacientes encaminhados à internação 59,1% foram classificados como emergentes/urgentes. Ao relacionarmos a classificação de risco com o escore de alerta precoce (MEWS), observamos uma pontuação superior nos pacientes classificados como emergentes/urgentes, sendo que os pacientes internados obtiveram pontuação maior dos que foram liberados de alta. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que a classificação de risco foi efetiva em definir a prioridade de atendimento dos pacientes em uma unidade de urgência e emergênciaThe health services intended to provide urgent and emergency care are mostly overcrowded, which causes long waiting queues and may entail damage to the care of injured people requiring urgent care. Faced with this scenario, there is a need to organize the system, with the purpose of avoiding losses to the patients waiting for medical care. In such a context, the Welcoming with Risk Classification provides the urgent and emergency care with a guiding principle to classify patients and accomplish care actions in line with the potential risk, thereby caring for priority cases, and no longer on a first-come first-served basis. Accordingly, this study was aimed to assess the ability of a Risk Classification protocol adapted from the Ministry of Health to envisage the clinical outcome of the patients. The study was held in an urgent and emergency unit in a private hospital in the countryside of São Paulo, between the months of July 2014 and June 2015, with a sample of 1674 medical charts of the patients that sought clinical care. Of the assessed medical charts, 65% belonged to female patients, with an average age of 42.0 years, where the most frequent complaint was related to the digestive tract (14.8%). Most of patients served were classified as less urgent (green), 91.2%, followed by 8.8% classified as urgent (yellow) and 0.1% classified as emergency (red). The service time by the risk classification and medical care has proved to be shorter in the classifications with greater priority. Upon analyzing the outcomes, 98.7% were discharged after medical care, where the non-urgent classification was prevalent. Of the patients referred for hospitalization, 59.1% were classified as emergency/urgent. When relating the risk classification with the early warning score (MEWS), we noted a higher score in the patients classified as emergency/urgent, and the hospitalized patients have reached scores higher than those who were discharged. The results found have shown that the risk classification was effective in defining the priority of care of patients in an urgent and emergency unit
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Turcanu, Catrinel. "Multi-criteria decision aiding model for the evaluation of agricultural countermeasures after an accidental release of radionuclides to the environment." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210642.
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Multi-criteria decision aid has emerged from the operational research field as the answer given to a couple of important questions encountered in complex decisions problems. Firstly, as decision aiding tools, such methods do not replace the decision maker with a mathematical model, but support him to construct his solution by describing and evaluating his options. Secondly, instead of using a unique criterion capturing all aspects of the problem, in the multi-criteria decision aid methods one seeks to build multiple criteria, representing several points of view. This work explores the application of multi-criteria decision aid methods for optimising food chain countermeasure strategies after a radioactive release to the environment.
The core of the thesis is dedicated to formulating general lines for the development of a multi-criteria decision aid model. This includes the definition of potential actions, construction of evaluation criteria and preference modelling and is essentially based on the results of a stakeholders’ process. The work is centred on the management of contaminated milk in order to provide a concrete focus and because of its importance as an ingestion pathway in short term after an accident.
Among other issues, the public acceptance of milk countermeasures as a key evaluation criterion is analysed in detail. A comparison of acceptance based on stochastic dominance is proposed and, based on that, a countermeasures’ acceptance ranking is deduced.
In order to assess “global preferences” taking into account all the evaluation criteria, an ordinal method is chosen. This method allows expressing the relative importance of criteria in a qualitative way instead of using, for instance, numerical weights. Some algorithms that can be used for robustness analysis are also proposed. This type of analysis is an alternative to sensitivity analysis in what concerns data uncertainty and imprecision and seeks to determine how and if a model result or conclusion obtained for a specific instance of a model’s parameters holds over the entire domain of acceptable values for these parameters.
The integrated multi-criteria decision aid approach proposed makes use of outranking and interactive methodologies and is implemented and tested through a number of case studies and prototype tools.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Vítková, Věra. "Analýza řešení dopadů krize ve strojírenské firmě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222574.
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Duenas-Osorio, Leonardo Augusto. "Interdependent Response of Networked Systems to Natural Hazards and Intentional Disruptions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7546.
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Critical infrastructure systems are essential for the continuous functionality of modern global societies. Some examples of these systems include electric energy, potable water, oil and gas, telecommunications, and the internet. Different topologies underline the structure of these networked systems. Each topology (i.e., physical layout) conditions the way in which networks transmit and distribute their flow. Also, their ability to absorb unforeseen natural or intentional disruptions depends on complex relations between network topology and optimal flow patterns. Most of the current research on large networks is focused on understanding their properties using statistical physics, or on developing advanced models to capture network dynamics.
Despite these important research efforts, almost all studies concentrate on specific networks. This network-specific approach rules out a fundamental phenomenon that may jeopardize the performance predictions of current sophisticated models: network response is in general interdependent, and its performance is conditioned on the performance of additional interacting networks. Although there are recent conceptual advances in network interdependencies, current studies address the problem from a high-level point of view. For instance, they discuss the problem at the macro-level of interacting industries, or utilize economic input-output models to capture entire infrastructure interactions.
This study approaches the problem of network interdependence from a more fundamental level. It focuses on network topology, flow patterns within the networks, and optimal interdependent system performance. This approach also allows for probabilistic response characterization of interdependent networked systems when subjected to disturbances of internal nature (e.g., aging, malfunctioning) or disruptions of external nature (e.g., coordinated attacks, seismic hazards). The methods proposed in this study can identify the role that each network element has in maintaining interdependent network connectivity and optimal flow. This information is used in the selection of effective pre-disaster mitigation and post-disaster recovery actions. Results of this research also provide guides for growth of interacting infrastructure networks and reveal new areas for research on interdependent dynamics. Finally, the algorithmic structure of the proposed methods suggests straightforward implementation of interdependent analysis in advanced computer software applications for multi-hazard loss estimation.
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Peeroo, Jamsheed. "La protection de l'instance arbitrale par l'injonction anti-suit." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D038.
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L’injonction anti-suit ou anti-procédure est le seul moyen susceptible d’empêcher une partie de s’engager, de mauvaise foi, dans une procédure initiée devant un tribunal étatique de son choix dans le but d’entraver l’arbitrage. Sa forme la plus efficace est celle d’une mesure provisoire. Cet outil juridictionnel peut, conformément aux lois et règlement d’arbitrage modernes, être obtenu des tribunaux arbitraux, qui jouissent habituellement d’un imperium suffisant pour le prononcer ainsi que pour sanctionner tout non-respect de l’ordre. S’il peut être octroyé « avant dire droit », l’arbitre doit néanmoins le fonder sur une base légale se trouvant dans le champ de sa compétence juridictionnelle. L’apparence d’une possible violation de l’une des obligations découlant de la clause compromissoire, comme celle de l’exécuter de bonne foi, ou d’un manquement à une cause de confidentialité insérée dans le contrat principal en sont des exemples. Cette mesure d’interdiction est, en outre, disponible au juge étatique français, l’injonction « de ne pas faire » n’étant guère inconnue en droit français. En matière d’arbitrage, elle pourrait par ailleurs être autorisée, en dépit de l’arrêt West Tankers, au regard du nouveau Règlement Bruxelles I bis et, surtout, lorsqu’elle prend la forme d’une mesure provisoire. Lorsque son émission paraît légitime, il revient principalement au juge étatique du siège d’un arbitrage de décider si une injonction anti-suit doit être prononcée en soutien de l’instance arbitrale. Cependant, pour des raisons d’efficacité, la juridiction d’un autre Etat qui serait en mesure de mieux faire respecter l’injonction anti-suit peut aussi l’ordonnerThe anti-suit injunction is the only means capable of preventing a party from being involved in proceedings commenced before a domestic court of its choice in bad faith and with the only objective of disrupting arbitration. It is most efficient in the form of an interim measure. In accordance with modern arbitration laws and rules, this jurisdictional tool may be obtained, in this form, from arbitration tribunals, which normally have sufficient imperium to order it, as well as to impose sanctions on any non-compliant party. Although it can be issued before the parties’ rights have been determined, the arbitrator must nevertheless make sure that its legal basis falls under his jurisdiction. Examples of such legal bases are the prima facie potential breaches of one of the obligations contained in the arbitration clause, such as to perform it in good faith, or of a confidentiality clause contained in the main contract. This restraining measure is also available to the French judge, since prohibitory injunctions are hardly unknown to French law. In the field of arbitration, it appears that its use may be permitted under the new Brussels 1 bis Regulation in spite of the West Tankers case and, especially, where it takes the form of an interim measure. When its issuance appears to be legitimate, it is primarily for the court of the seat of an arbitration to decide whether it should be ordered in support of the arbitration proceedings. However, for reasons of efficiency, if the court of another country happens to be in a better position to ensure compliance with the anti-suit injunction, it may also order it
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Florentin, Arnaud. "Matrices emplois-expositions et émergence des risques professionnels : application au sein du Réseau National de Vigilance des Pathologies Professionnelles." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0309/document.
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La veille sanitaire dans le champ de la santé au travail est cruciale pour détecter l’apparition de nouveaux risques. Le réseau National de Vigilance et de Prévention des Pathologies Professionnelles (RNV3P), réseau national d’experts opérationnel depuis 2011, y participe activement. Pour cela, le RNV3P a déployé plusieurs méthodes pour détecter les nouveaux risques : émergence clinique et émergence statistique. La méthode des mesures de disproportion couramment utilisée dans le domaine de la pharmacovigilance a déjà été appliquée avec succès aux données du RNV3P. Néanmoins, une limite importante peut être soulevée. Les professionnels de santé déclarant les expositions qui leur semble liées à la pathologie déclarée, nous pouvons légitimement suspecter l'existence d'un biais de sélection de ces expositions : l'exposition la plus reconnue par le monde professionnel sera forcément déclarée. Pour tenter de maîtriser ce biais, nous avons proposé d’appliquer les matrices emploi / exposition (MEE) sur les données du RNV3P et d’examiner leur impact sur les mesures de disproportion. Dans un premier temps, nous avons testé la faisabilité de l’application des MEE au RNV3P et leur apport. Pour cela, 3 MEE issues du programme Matgéné ont été appliquées (benzène, poussières respirables de silice cristalline libre et solvants chlorés). Les données d’exposition rapportées respectivement par les experts et par la MEE ont été comparées en particulier pour des associations bien connues comme la silicose/silice ou les maladies hématopoïétiques/benzène, et pour des associations moins connues ou douteuses comme la sclérose systémique/silice et les maladies hématopoïétiques/solvants chlorés (trichloréthylène). Dans un second temps, nous avons appliqué les mesures de disproportion de type fréquentielle et bayésienne en comparant les résultats obtenus par les experts et les MEE pour trois nuisances : silice, trichloroéthylène et tétrachloroéthylène. Au final, les MEE permettent de rapporter plus d’expositions que les experts pour chaque nuisance testée et ce d’autant plus que l’association est peu connue. Cet apport d’information permet la génération de nouveaux signaux avec les mesures de disproportion qu’il est intéressant de discuter et d’explorer avec des expertsHealth surveillance in the field of occupational health is crucial to detect the emergence of new risks The National Network of Vigilance and Prevention of Occupational Pathologies (RNV3P), a national network of experts operating since 2011, actively participates in. The RNV3P has deployed several methods to detect new risks: clinical emergence and statistical emergence. In the latter case, the disproportionate measures used in the field of pharmacovigilance have been successfully applied to RNV3P. Nevertheless, an important limitation can be raised. As health professionals report exposures associated with the declared pathology, we can legitimately suspect the existence of a selection bias: the most well known exposures of the professional community inevitably are most liable to be more frequently declared. To try to control this bias, we proposed to apply job / exposure matrices (JEM) on the data of the RNV3P and to examine their impact on the measures of disproportion. Initially, we tested the feasibility of applying MEE to the RNV3P data and their contribution. For this, 3 JEMs from the Matgéné program were applied (benzene, free crystalline silica breathing dusts and chlorinated solvents). The exposure data reported by the experts and the JEM were compared in particular for well-known associations such as silicosis / silica or hematopoietic / benzene diseases, and for less known or doubtful associations such as systemic sclerosis and hematopoietic diseases / chlorinated solvents (trichloroethylene). Secondly, we applied the frequency and Bayesian disproportion measures by comparing the results obtained for experts and JEM and for three nuisances: silica, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene. In summary, MEE help to provide more exposure than the experts for each tested chemicals and especially if the association is little known. These new data allow the generation of new signals with the disproportion measures that it is interesting to discuss and explore with experts
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Dias, Paula Regina Pereira dos Santos Marques. "A VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA E FAMILIAR CONTRA A MULHER E A EFETIVIDADE DA LEI MARIA DA PENHA NA JUSTIÇA: uma análise da aplicação das medidas protetivas de urgência na cidade de Imperatriz-MA." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2014. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2705.
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Previous issue date: 2014-12-04The Law nº. 11.340, of August 7, 2006 (Maria da Penha Law), brought to the Brazilian legal system new civil, criminal, precautionary procedures, for crimes committed against women in the within the household and family such as the application of protective measures of urgency, characterized as a faster means to cease the contact between the parties, and other conditions that permit the violence, agreed in legislation. In this sense, the present paper analyzes the effectiveness of the implementation of such measures, in the city of Imperatriz, Maranhão State, the judiciary (Special Court for Domestic and Family Violence against Women), in 2013. The research begins with a reflection on the theories of fundamental human rights in the Federal Constitution of 1988 related to gender, pointing out new perspectives outlined by post- positivism, the need for immediate application of constitutional principles to give effect to the fundamental rights of women, especially those of equality, freedom, human dignity, physical, moral and psychological integrity, and the right to life itself. It also highlights the major international conventions on global and regional system of human rights of women - in other words, those contained in the special protection system in view of the vulnerability of women -, as a way of demonstrating the concern of the countries with the issue of gender and the influence of these conventions in the domestic legislation of Brazil, through legal frameworks with exposed divisive parameter presentation at the 1988 Federal Constitution. To enter in research on the effectiveness of an instrument of Maria da Penha Law analyzed in situ research mentioned, the paper discusses the importance of the conceptual aspects of domestic and family violence against women , bringing the differentiation of the concepts of household and family unit as well as featuring the actors of the process, aggressor and victim. Emphasizes the history of such violence in Brazil after Law nº. 11.340 - 2006, intertwining with the cultural and ideological context and notes of feminist movements in favor of stricter regulation. It also presents the manifestations of domestic violence against women outlined in the legislation. The research exposes the trajectory advent of Maria da Penha Law, as a consequence of the debates in the legislative sphere and civil society itself and the main discussions about its constitutionality, presenting the procedural aspects, especially the urgent protective measures and institutes of general and special prevention of recurrence. Finally, does the exhibition of documentary research conducted at the Special Court for Domestic and Family Violence of the city surveyed, to respond to questioning, observing, beyond the effective implementation of the measures, the age profile of victims, relationship to the aggressor, the types and number of police report of violence practiced, the amount of urgent protective measures that oblige the aggressor and established in favor of the victim, classified according to the described in law and the presentation of public policies existing in the municipality.
A Lei nº 11.340, de 7 de agosto de 2006 (Lei Maria da Penha), trouxe para o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro novos procedimentos civis, penais, cautelares, para os crimes cometidos contra as mulheres no seio doméstico e familiar, como é o caso da aplicação das medidas protetivas de urgência, caracterizado como meio mais célere de cessar o contato entre as partes, e outras situações que permitam a violência, avençadas na legislação. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho analisa a efetividade da aplicação de tais medidas, na cidade de Imperatriz, Estado do Maranhão, pelo Poder Judiciário (Vara Especial da Violência Doméstica e Familiar contra a Mulher), no ano de 2013. A pesquisa inicia-se com uma reflexão sobre as teorias dos direitos humanos fundamentais na Constituição Federal de 1988 relacionados com o gênero, apontando as novas perspectivas traçadas pelo póspositivismo, com a necessidade de aplicação imediata dos princípios constitucionais para dar efetividade aos direitos fundamentais das mulheres, principalmente os de igualdade, liberdade, dignidade da pessoa humana, integridade física, moral e psicológica, e o próprio direito à vida. Destaca, ainda, as principais convenções internacionais de sistema global e regional sobre os direitos humanos das mulheres ou seja, aquelas contidas no sistema especial de proteção tendo em vista a vulnerabilidade da mulher -, como forma de demonstrar a preocupação dos países com a questão de gênero e a influência destas convenções na legislação interna do Brasil, por meio dos marcos legais expostos com parâmetro divisório de apresentação na Constituição Federal de 1988. Para adentrar na pesquisa sobre a efetividade de um instrumento da Lei Maria da Penha analisado no locus de pesquisa mencionado, o trabalho aborda a importância dos aspectos conceituais sobre a violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher, trazendo a diferenciação dos conceitos de núcleo doméstico e familiar, assim como caracteriza os atores do processo, agressor e vítima. Dá ênfase na história desse tipo de violência no Brasil pós Lei nº 11.340-2006, entrelaçando com o contexto cultural e ideológico e apontamentos dos movimentos feministas em prol de normatização mais rigorosa. Apresenta, ainda, as formas de manifestação de violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher traçadas na legislação. A pesquisa expõe a trajetória de advento da Lei Maria da Penha, como consequência dos debates travados na esfera do legislativo e da própria sociedade civil organizada e as principais discussões sobre sua constitucionalidade, apresentando os aspectos processuais, especialmente das medidas protetivas de urgência e os institutos da prevenção geral, especial e da reincidência. Por fim, faz a exposição da pesquisa documental realizada na Vara Especial da Violência Doméstica e Familiar da cidade pesquisada, a fim de responder a problematização, observando, além do cumprimento efetivo das medidas, o perfil de idade das vítimas, grau de parentesco com o agressor, os tipos e número de ocorrência de violências praticadas, a quantidade de medidas protetivas de urgência que obrigam o agressor e as estabelecidas em prol da ofendida, classificadas de acordo com as descritas na legislação e a apresentação das políticas públicas existentes no município.
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Lösche, Frank. "Investigating the moment when solutions emerge in problem solving." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/12838.
Full textAbstract:
At some point during a creative action something clicks, suddenly the prospective problem solver just knows the solution to a problem, and a feeling of joy and relief arises. This phenomenon, called Eureka experience, insight, Aha moment, hunch, epiphany, illumination, or serendipity, has been part of human narrations for thousands of years. It is the moment of a subjective experience, a surprising, and sometimes a life-changing event. In this thesis, I narrow down this moment 1. conceptually, 2. experientially, and 3. temporally. The concept of emerging solutions has a multidisciplinary background in Cognitive Science, Arts, Design, and Engineering. Through the discussion of previous terminology and comparative reviews of historical literature, I identify sources of ambiguity surrounding this phenomenon and suggest unifying terms as the basis for interdisciplinary exploration. Tracking the experience based on qualitative data from 11 creative practitioners, I identify conflicting aspects of existing models of creative production. To bridge this theoretical and disciplinary divide between iterative design thinking and sequential models of creativity, I suggest a novel multi-layered model. Empirical support for this proposal comes from Dira, a computer-based open-ended experimental paradigm. As part of this thesis I developed the task and 40 unique sets of stimuli and response items to collect dynamic measures of the creative process and evade known problems of insightful tasks. Using Dira, I identify the moment when solutions emerge from the number and duration of mouse-interactions with the on-screen elements and the 124 participants' self-reports. I provide an argument for the multi-layered model to explain a discrepancy between the timing observed in Dira and existing sequential models. Furthermore, I suggest that Eureka moments can be assessed on more than a dichotomous scale, as the empirical data from interviews and Dira demonstrates for this rich human experience. I conclude that the research on insight benefits from an interdisciplinary approach and suggest Dira as an instrument for future studies.
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Panský, Martin. "Distanční výuka přírodopisu během mimořádných opatření v 2. pololetí školního roku 2019/2020." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445813.
Full textAbstract:
TITLE: Distance Teaching of Natural History During Emergency Measures in the 2nd Half of the School Year 2019/2020 AUTHOR: Martin Panský DEPARTMENT: Department of Biology and Environmental Studies SUPERVISOR: Ing. Jan Andreska, PhD. ABSTRACT: The topic of the diploma thesis is a distance teaching of natural history at primary schools during emergency measures in the second half of the school year 2019/2020, when, in response to a pandemic situation, the physical presence of pupils in schools was banned, both in the Czech Republic and in the most of the countries in the world. This was a completely new situation, to which it was necessary to respond flexibly and systemically in order for teaching to continue to work, at least to a limited extent. The aim of the work was to summarize the experience of science and biology teachers at primary schools in the Czech Republic coming from distance education in the second half of the school year 2019/2020. Moreover this thesis is focuing on naming critical points in distance education of given subjects, defining distance learning opportunities and examining whether such a situation will have further implications for the future form of our education. To meet these goals, I decided to conduct an extensive questionnaire survey, in which I managed to get over 700...
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Liu, Wei-Yu, and 劉威佑. "A Study on Emergency Safeguard Measures for GATS." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53426804016683735097.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
海洋法律研究所
95
The main discussions in the Working Party GATS Rules（WPGR） relating to the GATS Article X negotiating mandate on whether to adopt emergency safeguard measures（ESM） for service have largely focused on the technical question of desirability and desirability, then now stalemated with it. After decade, they put off the deadline of the negotiation again and again. Deadline for ESM negotiation had been repeatedly extended, with the latest, March 2004, indefinitely postponed until the end of the Doha Round. To set up the pace of the negotiations, WTO Members entered into substantive discussions of the procedures for an ESM. Thus, several mechanism were set forth, such as, Concept Paper, the proposal from ASEAN, Elements for a possible "core mechanism" for temporary suspension or modification of commitments, set forth by Australia, Further Thoughts on Emergency Safeguard Mechanism, the proposal made by ASEAN（less Singapore）, etc. The main purpose of this thesis is to study the legal issues such as the desirability and feasibility of ESM in the process of the negotiation, to find a way out of a stalemate, as well as to study all of these proposals, and compare with them. Furthermore, this thesis also analyzes our national ground in the negotiation, by examining our delegation’s talking point in WPGR meetings. Finally, this thesis will give some advice to our government about our fundamental ground in the ESM negotiations for service. Keywords：WTO, GATS, ESM, WPGR
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Horan, Joseph William. "Emergency measures and contingency in the French Revolution, 1792-1794." 2006. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11132006-162300.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Florida State University, 2006.Advisor: Darrin McMahon, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of History. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 23, 2007). Document formatted into pages; contains v, 77 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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Chang, Chin-Hsiang, and 張金祥. "Analysis and Improvement of Emergency Planning Measures for Nuclear Power Plant." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/v492f6.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
輪機工程學系
105
Nuclear power generation is an advanced power generation method of the world, it has a very attractive feature that, it does not contribute dangerous emissions. However, the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in 2011 lead to the adverse concern on nuclear power plant’s safety, the nuclear accident caused our country energy policy turn, the Luman nuclear power plant current storing up, while three nuclear power plants are still in operation, nuclear power plant’s safety and Emergency measures need to be analyzed, assessed, measured and refined to establish the ability to eliminate accidents, disaster mitigation and the ability of disaster control and organization. This study surveys the emergency response plan of the Kuosheng nuclear power plant of Taiwan Electric Power Co., Ltd. as an example, and analyzes the experience of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the International Nuclear Energy Agency (WANO) and the Nuclear Energy Research Institute (INPO) and the academic response to emergency response. Relevant recommendations, the literature and the work of the proposed content, and the Kuosheng nuclear power plant emergency response plans are compared to ascertain whether the urgent plans to take are properly consistent subject to an unexpected accident. This study collected the relevant laws and regulations, technical guidelines, academic articles, the original emergency response plans for Kuosheng nuclear power plant, and some recommendations suggested by experts and scholars for the safety improvement.Safety reinforcement proposals are provided to enhance the effectiveness of nuclear contingency measures. It is concluded that 94% of the measures and contents of the emergency response plan can meet the requirements of the regulations, for other 6% of the non-compliance, improvements may suggest to take. This study should have practical help for the extension and completeness of the Taipower emergency program for the nuclear power plant.
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Fundak, Robert. "Rapid establishment of emergency action areas as a consequence of large scale radioactive material releases from fixed nuclear facilities." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35225.
Full textAbstract:
Rapid emergency response decisions from a radiation release are necessary in
order to prevent the general public from being exposed to a potential radiation hazard.
A one meter exposure rate measurement is all that is necessary to establish relocation
and food control areas when the ground is contaminated at the Protective Action Guide
minimum response levels. With the results of these calculations, a known one meter
exposure rate is all that is necessary to establish relocation and food control areas for a
release from the WNP-2 commercial nuclear power plant or a release from a waste
tank at the Hanford site. The calculated one meter exposure rate for WNP-2 is 1.32
��R/hr at twenty-four hours. The calculated one meter exposure rate for the Hanford
tanks is 14.97 ��R/hr.Graduation date: 1995
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Chuang, Su-Chueh, and 莊素雀. "An Application of IPA to Measure the Service Quality of emergency room." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66666286278397266488.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東海大學
工業工程與經營資訊學系
95
The emergency room has a special characteristic which is processing urgent medical service event .Rescuing people and keep those sick alive is the first matter concerned. So the feelings of patients’ family members who accompanied them are usually neglected. However, it intensifies the relation between curing and disease, and also the misunderstanding of medical treatment. The purpose of this research is to probe into the serving importance of family members of the emergency case, their satisfactions and cognition of differences between importance and performance of service quality, in order to promote depending on the disease relation. This research used IPA (important-performance analysis; The important - performance degree analytic method) to carry on the questionnaire survey of sickness family members of the two forests branches of Zhanghua Christianity hospital and Lugang branch's emergency room. The statistical tests used SPSS/PC+ computer coverall software to construct the files and the statistical analysis and proving. There are narrating nature statistics to adopt the analytical method, t -test and the sample form factor in pairs making a variation and count analyzing to assay. Study of the materials shows that patients family members have great differences (p<0.05 ) between satisfaction and attention degree of attribute demand project of medical care of the emergency call. And the medical care demands of the patient family members are all better than satisfaction to attention degree .Difference value lies between（- 0.04 to 0.62）.It shows that there is very big improvement space in the “service quality”of the emergency call . Analyse with IPA that show that looks after four literary composition surface demands in emergency call medical treatment, the result is by “cures apprentice's detailed examining and elaboration conditioning”, “can understand the danger checked”, “the doctor listens attentively to my condition patiently”, “traffic convenience of the hospital, park convenient”,etc.They fall in quadrant I which shows unsatisfied most, need strengthening or improving the real behavior situation (concentrate here ) of its service badly. Result of study will offer executives of emergency ward to the hospital promoting and improving the clinical reference of looking after quality of medical treatment, improvement of attending to and the administrative reference on the clinical personnel's educational tactics of layers of management or drop into to consider proper resources to advise the hospital administrator, (manpower, material resources, equipment), etc..
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Greene, Kenneth R. (Kenneth Ray) 1958. "Nonintrusive intelligent monitoring for nuclear power plant emergency classification." Thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36351.
Full textAbstract:
A prototype real-time process monitoring emergency
classification expert system, RT/EM-CLASS, has been developed
for use at the Trojan Nuclear Power Plant. This knowledge-based
system features the integration of electronically sensed plant
data with the menu selection data representation of its
predecessor, EM-CLASS. This prototype demonstrates the
techniques required to acquire plant process data from another
computer and use that data in an expert system to determine the
proper Emergency Action Level.
Several benefits are realized by the RT/EM-CLASS application.
These include:
The resources required to make a classification are
reduced thereby freeing the responsible person to devote
time to other important tasks.
The classification may be completed more often and with
better data than the current system allows.
The human user is less likely to make an erroneous
Emergency Action Level classification.
Prototype implementation required resolution of an efficiency
problem of relating plant process data to the expert system data
forms. This was achieved through the development of multi-conditional
rules that significantly reduce the size of the rule set.
The development of RT/EM-CLASS presents a methodology
for building knowledge based applications that perform nonintrusive
real-time monitoring of dynamic systems. This
methodology features
Use of existing analytical and Al tools where possible
Monitoring of a dynamic system
Non-intrusive acquisition of data from the system
This technology might be applied to portions of the nuclear
engineering design process (control rod programming in Boiling
Water Reactors, for example) to emulate the guidance and
activities of an expert. A substantial portion of the effort by the
expert engineer involves preparation of the code input, running the
computer code, analyzing the results, and based on the results,
deciding what case to submit next. A suitably designed expert
system could act in the place of the engineer in this dynamic
design process.
This methodology has been tested against the 1988 emergency
exercise at the Trojan Nuclear Power Plant.Graduation date: 1992
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Hsu, Che-ming, and 許哲銘. "A study of the Taiwan High Speed Rail derailment emergency measure during the earthquake." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96066935861082447546.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
營建管理研究所
99
"Transport" has been an important part for everyone’s daily life.Early periods of transportation around the island, people travel by manpower bicycles, convenient locomotive, even the Taiwan Railway transport system, and air bus; each type of vehicle at different times have played a pivotal role. Recently, the demand of traffic increased along with the rise of environmental consciousness, "high-speed rail system" so that stand out. High-speed rail system is in character with rail traffic, high speed movement, as well as environmental protection consideration which is compared to internal combustion engine electric motor. Hence, the development of high-speed railway in Taiwan for north-south travel has become a revolutionary change. However, the location of Taiwan within a multi-fault seismic zone poses a major threat to high-speed rail system. Taiwan High Speed Rail at the time of construction has taken into account of the geographic features and simulated possible risks for traffic safety. Present research focuses on the response after earthquake whether if the Taiwan High Speed Rail is able to minimum the damage. Furthermore, we would like to offer suggestion for the improvement of contingency management and efficiency. This study based on the case of Taiwan High Speed Rail in derailment accident triggered by the magnitude 6.4 earthquake occurred at March 4, 2010 Kaohsiung Chiahsien. We focus on the response process for the emergency and compared with the case of Japan Joetsu Shinkansen , October 23, 2004 6.8 magnitude earthquake derailment accident. We explore the contingency measures of Taiwan High Speed Rail after the derailment by conform to its internal standard procedures, for example, whether passengers get the protection of security, whether the support units progress contingency plan, and whether implement the efficiency. We would like to educate the public to understand the difficulty in the contingency management process, and also improves the Taiwan High Speed Rail to contingency management.
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Chin, Kai, and 秦愷. "A study on accident handling and the emergency response measures for Taiwan High Speed Rail." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02031504363100829835.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
運輸科技與管理學系
102
Abstract Taiwan High Speed Railway (THSR) project was initialized in the early 1980; the major purpose is to fulfill the growing demand for intercity transportation. The total length of THSR is 345 kilometers, and the THSR services the densest population in the west corridor of Taiwan. The system is based primarily on Japan&;#39;s Shinkansen technology, and utilized the digital automatic traffic control system. In the long planning and construction period, THSR had the experiment operation on January 5, 2007, and then the official operation on February 1, 2007. From the beginning, THSR has been operating more than seven years. The overall operation skill has matured, and the safe operation is supervised by the Operation Control Center (OCC) next to Taoyuan station. The main tasks of the OCC include to monitor and dispatch trains, device control, passenger information systems and emergency response, and so on. Also, the natural disaster warning system is located in OCC which can detect earthquakes, rainfall, strong winds, floods, slope sliding, falling rocks, foreign matter intrusion and other conditions, in order to ensure the safe operation of trains. This study explores the emergency response after an accident/ incident. Also, this study utilizes a case study which is a Taichung signal abnormality on April 25, 2013, and evaluates the accident handling and emergency responses of THSR. The Methodology includes expert interviews to further discuss the efficiency of THSR. It is hoped to provide useful strategies for THSR in the fields of emergence response and accident handling.
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Chen, Yu-Long, and 陳玉龍. "Causes of In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Changes of Clinical Measures in the Emergency Department Settings." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82839766880244036545.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
流行病學與預防醫學研究所
101
Background: Patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) often exhibit abnormal vital signs before the arrest, and these warning signs may afford the chance to prevent the catastrophic event. The cardiac IHCA had less mortality than non-cardiac IHCA. The associations between antecedents to IHCA and causes of IHCA have not been well documented. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at emergency department (ED) in a tertiary medical center in Taipei city, Taiwan for 2 years. The antecedents, vital signs before IHCA, were recorded by four time duration before IHCA. All other events and variables were recorded using the Utstein style for IHCA. We measured the association between the changes of antecedents and causes of IHCA. The outcome of IHCA, including return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), survival to hospital, survival to discharge, and functional neurological outcome were also measured. Results: Of 155 IHCA adults (mean age 72.4±16 years, 62% men), 29.7% suffered cardiac IHCA at ED. The patients with chest pain (OR: 5.46; 95% CI, 1.46-20.4)，previous medical history with coronary artery disease (OR: 5.14; 95% CI, 1.95-13.6) and arrhythmia (OR: 6.86; 95% CI, 2.3-20.4)，ST segment changes in initial electrocardiography (ECG)(OR: 4.17; 95% CI, 1.5-11.6) and arrest rhythms with ventricular fibrillation / pulseless ventricular tachycardia (OR: 6.04; 95% CI, 1.27-28.8) would be likely to suffer cardiac IHCA. Among the antecedents (vital signs), the cardiac IHCA patients had favorable mental status in each time duration before IHCA. The survival to hospital was better in cardiac IHCA patients (OR: 2.76; 95%CI, 1.1-6.96). Conclusions: Antecedents in cardiac IHCA patients may be more obscured than non-cardiac, and we may miss the right time to resuscitate these patients who may have better outcome. By clinical characteristics, we may identify the possible cardiac IHCA patients, and improved the outcome by adjusting the monitor strategy for these patients.
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Chona, Tiffany L. "An analysis of Benton County small businesses' emergency and disaster preparedness." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/30429.
Full textAbstract:
Natural Hazards are a potential risk to Benton County small businesses. However,
little has been done to help prepare, respond, recover or resume business following a
significant disastrous event. 93 small businesses in Benton County responded to a
mailed survey, and 10 additional small businesses participated in both mailed surveys
and interviews. Information collected from the surveys and interviews were used to
assess current disaster preparedness of Benton County small businesses, gauge
business owner knowledge about risk reduction tools and techniques, and to better
understand small business needs in reducing risk and loss from natural hazards.
Overall, businesses were concerned about the potential impacts of natural disasters,
but few have taken steps to mitigate these hazards. Trends were identified in
interview responses that add valuable information about why businesses have not
taken appropriate steps to mitigate hazards. Most small business owners/managers are
more concerned about day-to-day activities than they are about planning for natural
disasters. Businesses that practiced environmental stewardship and other sustainable
business practices tended to be more interested in protecting their business and in
training management and employees to prepare, respond, recover, and resume
business. Overall, business owners weren't sure how to protect their business from
large-scale hazards. The cost versus benefit of emergency and disaster preparedness
was of concern for many business owners. Lastly, businesses that provided nonessential
services, such as screen-printing for clothing or a furniture store were less
prepared for an emergency or disaster event than those who provided a more essential
service.Graduation date: 2004
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Golden, Gregory Kung. "Emergency measures crisis and response in the Roman Republic (from the Gallic Sack to the tumultus of 43BC)." 2008. http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.17320.
Full text
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Lau, Airey Nga-Lui. "Parental Reflective Functioning and Children’s Emergent Reading Skills: ERP and longitudinal behavioral measures." Thesis, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-6rec-qe47.
Full textAbstract:
The current study examined the correlations between parental reflective functioning and children’s phonological awareness and reading-related neural development (measured via a phoneme-processing experiment using EEG), and its utility as a predictor of children’s reading skills one year later when they have begun literacy education.
Fourteen pre-readers’ (mean age 4.51 years) phonological awareness and their parents’ reflective functioning skills were assessed, along with their EEG responses in a phoneme- processing task. Children’s phonological awareness and emergent reading skills were assessed again 12-15 months later, at the start of First Grade.
Left-lateralized neural indices were observed to be correlated with parental reflective functioning (PRF) and children’s later reading-related skills. Specifically, scores on measures of PRF: Interest & Curiosity were positively correlated with the N2 amplitude in the left temporal cortex (p = 0.049), and the P2 amplitude in the left temporal cortex was also correlated with children’s Phonological Awareness scores (p = 0.004) and with their Basic Reading scores (p = 0.002) one year later. Multiple linear regression analyses also revealed that scores on measures of PRF: Interest and Curiosity significantly predicted children’s future phonological awareness (p = 0.014) and basic reading skills (p = 0.002). This study is the first of its kind to identify correlations between parental engagement and neural indices of children’s pre-reading skills, and to reveal parental reflective functioning as a strong predictor of children’s later reading abilities.
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Oliveira, Ana Luísa Araújo. "Emergent measures and patterns of recovery during acute exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." Tese, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/119423.
Full textAbstract:
As exacerbações agudas da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica (EADPOC) são eventos frequentes e onerosos. Contudo, o conhecimento acerca da sua avaliação e curso de evolução é limitado. Este trabalho de investigação teve como objetivo compreender a avaliação e os padrões de recuperação das EADPOC geridas em contexto de ambulatório. Especificamente, pretendeu-se: i) aprofundar oconhecimento acerca das medidas de avaliação mais utilizadas na avaliação dedoentes com EADPOC e ii) explorar os padrões de recuperação durante as EADPOC utilizando diferentes medidas de avaliação. Foram realizados seis estudos. A Revisão Sistemática e os Estudos empíricos I e II responderam ao primeiro objetivo específico deste trabalho de investigação, sintetizando e explorando a fiabilidade, validade, capacidade de resposta e interpretabilidade de medidas de avaliação comummente utilizadas e de fácil acesso para a avaliação de doentes com EADPOC em contexto de ambulatório. Os resultados revelaram que apesar de existirem poucas medidas de avaliação com as suas propriedades métricas adequadamente estudadas, os seus valores de interpretabilidade parecem semelhantes aos estabelecidos em fases estáveis da DPOC. O segundo objetivo específico deste trabalho de investigação foi alcançado através de três Estudos empíricos (Estudos III, IV e V) que demonstraram que a recuperação de uma EADPOC é influenciada pelas características dos doentes no momento inicial da exacerbação. Estes Estudos mostraram ainda que as medidas reportadas pelos doentes e as medidas clínicas diferem nos seus padrões e tempos de recuperação durante as EADPOC. Os resultados deste trabalho de investigação constituem nova evidência acerca das medidas de avaliação e dos momentos mais adequados para avaliar, monitorizar e interpretar alterações no curso de EADPOC. É necessário realizar mais investigação com metodologias padrão, amostras maiores e desenhos de estudo longitudinais com avaliações pré e pós exacerbação de forma a consolidar estes resultados preliminares e aumentar o conhecimento acerca do curso de evolução das EADPOC geridas em contexto de ambulatório.Palavras-chave: DPOC, EXACERBAÇÕES, MEDIDAS DE RESULTADOS, PROPRIEDADES DE MEDIDA, RECUPERAÇÃO, EVOLUÇÃO.Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are frequent and burdensome events. However, knowledge about their assessment and course of evolution is limited. This research work focused on understanding the assessment and recovery pattern of AECOPD managed on an outpatient setting. Specifically, it aimed to: i) gain more insight on the outcome measures most used to assess patients with AECOPD and their measurement properties and ii) explore patterns of recovery of different outcomes and outcome measures during these events. Six studies were conducted. The Systematic Review and empirical Studies I and II addressed the first specific aim of this research work by synthetising and exploring the reliability, validity, responsiveness and interpretability of outcome measures commonly used and easily available to assess outpatients with AECOPD. Findings showed that although few outcome measures exist which measurement properties have been properly studied in patients with AECOPD, their interpretability values seem to be similar to those in stable patients. The second specific aim of this research work was addressed with three empirical Studies (Studies III, IV and V) which showed that the recovery from AECOPD is influenced by patients' characteristics assessed at the onset of the exacerbation. These Studies further evidenced different patterns and timings of recovery among patient-reported and clinical outcome measures. The findings of this research work constitute new evidence on the most adequate outcome measures and timings to assess, monitor and interpret changes during the course of AECOPD managed on an outpatient setting. Further research with standardised methodologies, larger samples and longitudinal pre-/post exacerbation designs is warranted to consolidate these preliminary findings and increase the scope of knowledge on the time course of AECOPD treated on an outpatient basis.
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Oliveira, Ana Luísa Araújo. "Emergent measures and patterns of recovery during acute exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." Doctoral thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/119423.
Full textAbstract:
As exacerbações agudas da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica (EADPOC) são eventos frequentes e onerosos. Contudo, o conhecimento acerca da sua avaliação e curso de evolução é limitado. Este trabalho de investigação teve como objetivo compreender a avaliação e os padrões de recuperação das EADPOC geridas em contexto de ambulatório. Especificamente, pretendeu-se: i) aprofundar oconhecimento acerca das medidas de avaliação mais utilizadas na avaliação dedoentes com EADPOC e ii) explorar os padrões de recuperação durante as EADPOC utilizando diferentes medidas de avaliação. Foram realizados seis estudos. A Revisão Sistemática e os Estudos empíricos I e II responderam ao primeiro objetivo específico deste trabalho de investigação, sintetizando e explorando a fiabilidade, validade, capacidade de resposta e interpretabilidade de medidas de avaliação comummente utilizadas e de fácil acesso para a avaliação de doentes com EADPOC em contexto de ambulatório. Os resultados revelaram que apesar de existirem poucas medidas de avaliação com as suas propriedades métricas adequadamente estudadas, os seus valores de interpretabilidade parecem semelhantes aos estabelecidos em fases estáveis da DPOC. O segundo objetivo específico deste trabalho de investigação foi alcançado através de três Estudos empíricos (Estudos III, IV e V) que demonstraram que a recuperação de uma EADPOC é influenciada pelas características dos doentes no momento inicial da exacerbação. Estes Estudos mostraram ainda que as medidas reportadas pelos doentes e as medidas clínicas diferem nos seus padrões e tempos de recuperação durante as EADPOC. Os resultados deste trabalho de investigação constituem nova evidência acerca das medidas de avaliação e dos momentos mais adequados para avaliar, monitorizar e interpretar alterações no curso de EADPOC. É necessário realizar mais investigação com metodologias padrão, amostras maiores e desenhos de estudo longitudinais com avaliações pré e pós exacerbação de forma a consolidar estes resultados preliminares e aumentar o conhecimento acerca do curso de evolução das EADPOC geridas em contexto de ambulatório.Palavras-chave: DPOC, EXACERBAÇÕES, MEDIDAS DE RESULTADOS, PROPRIEDADES DE MEDIDA, RECUPERAÇÃO, EVOLUÇÃO.Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are frequent and burdensome events. However, knowledge about their assessment and course of evolution is limited. This research work focused on understanding the assessment and recovery pattern of AECOPD managed on an outpatient setting. Specifically, it aimed to: i) gain more insight on the outcome measures most used to assess patients with AECOPD and their measurement properties and ii) explore patterns of recovery of different outcomes and outcome measures during these events. Six studies were conducted. The Systematic Review and empirical Studies I and II addressed the first specific aim of this research work by synthetising and exploring the reliability, validity, responsiveness and interpretability of outcome measures commonly used and easily available to assess outpatients with AECOPD. Findings showed that although few outcome measures exist which measurement properties have been properly studied in patients with AECOPD, their interpretability values seem to be similar to those in stable patients. The second specific aim of this research work was addressed with three empirical Studies (Studies III, IV and V) which showed that the recovery from AECOPD is influenced by patients' characteristics assessed at the onset of the exacerbation. These Studies further evidenced different patterns and timings of recovery among patient-reported and clinical outcome measures. The findings of this research work constitute new evidence on the most adequate outcome measures and timings to assess, monitor and interpret changes during the course of AECOPD managed on an outpatient setting. Further research with standardised methodologies, larger samples and longitudinal pre-/post exacerbation designs is warranted to consolidate these preliminary findings and increase the scope of knowledge on the time course of AECOPD treated on an outpatient basis.