Academic literature on the topic 'Emergency camp'
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Journal articles on the topic "Emergency camp"
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Otto, Katrina, and Stephen Juma Bota. "Kenya Medical Camp 2007." Journal of Emergency Nursing 34, no. 2 (April 2008): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2008.01.005.
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Mattera, Connie J. "Musings of a camp nurse." Journal of Emergency Nursing 24, no. 1 (February 1998): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0099-1767(98)90176-3.
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Jensen, E. C., R. C. Albrecht, S. L. Hansen, C. N. Paul, and D. W. Voigt. "Camp within a Camp: A Unique Experience for Burn Survivors." Journal of Burn Care & Research 27, Supplement (March 2006): S153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01253092-200603001-00210.
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Currie, Jane. "Emergency nursing on the Everest base camp trek." Emergency Nurse 9, no. 1 (April 2001): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/en.9.1.6.s11.
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Katz, Irit. "Camp evolution and Israel's creation: Between ‘state of emergency’ and ‘emergence of state’." Political Geography 55 (November 2016): 144–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2016.09.003.
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Abourahme, Nasser. "The Camp." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 40, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-8186016.
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Abstract The figure of the camp towers over our present. Our planners find it indispensable. Our political grammar finds it unavoidable. Our very conceptions of “the city,” and its once stable inside/outside demarcations, find its challenge insuperable. Not only do more people and more categories of people inhabit camps than ever before, from refugees and migrants to the homeless and detainees, but the camp form today proliferates at the heart of urban space and across the global North/global South divide. Camps are no longer temporary sites of emergency management. They are a global logic of government, an enduring colonial technology at the heart of the response to the climate/border crisis. Taking up the example of the Palestinian refugee camp, this article argues that camps no longer teach us anything about legal exceptions; rather they underline the politics of inhabitation. Camps enact the collapse of the separation between life and politics by making the very fact of inhabitation in itself the basis of political control and contestation. If our world is becoming uninhabitable, the camp, the most common defense against racialized bodies moving to find a place to live, becomes the place where the very political stakes of inhabitation come to the fore.
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Brandenburg, Mark A., Mary Beth Ogle, Beth A. Washington, Mike J. Garner, Sue A. Watkins, and Karin L. Brandenburg. "“Operation Child-Safe”: A Strategy for Preventing Unintentional Pediatric Injuries at a Hurricane Katrina Evacuee Shelter." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 21, no. 5 (October 2006): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00004015.
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AbstractIntroduction:Children represent a vulnerable population, and special considerations are necessary to care for them properly during disasters. Comprehensive disaster responses include addressing the unique needs of children during mass-casualty incidents, such as the prevention of unintentional injuries. Early in the morning of 04 September 2005, approximately 1,600 Hurricane Katrina and/or flood survivors from NewOrleans, including approximately 300 children, arrived at Camp Gruber, an Oklahoma National Guard base in Eastern Oklahoma.Problem:The primary function of Camp Gruber to train support personnel for the Oklahoma National Guard. This is not a child-safe environment. It was hypothesized that the camp contained numerous child injury hazards and that these hazards could be removed systematically using local child injury prevention experts, thereby preventing unintentional injuries to the displaced children.Methods:On 08 September, “Operation Child-Safe” was launched by the Pediatric Injury Response Team to identify and remove pediatric injury hazards from Camp Gruber. Injury prevention experts from the Safe Kids Tulsa Area (SKTA) Chapter, the closest pediatric injury prevention group in the region, spearheaded the operation. Several visits were required to remove all of the injury hazards that were identified.Results:Many hazards were identified and removed immediately, while others were addressed in a formal letter to the Camp Gruber Commander for required consent to implement changes. Hazards identified in the camp included, but were not limited to: (1) dangerous chemicals; (2) choking hazards; (3) open electrical outlets; and (4) missing smoke detectors. Bicycle helmets, car seats, strollers, portable cribs, and other safety-related items were passed out to families in need. A licensed daycare facility also was established in order to give the adult guardians a break from constant supervision. Over the course of one month, only one preventable injury (minor head injury) was reported during camp operations, and this particular injury occurred two days before “Operation Child-Safe” was initiated (Day 3 of camp operations).Conclusions:In the aftermath of an event that displaces large numbers of people, it is likely that children will be exposed to numerous injury hazards. Volunteers with expertise in child injury prevention are needed to make an evacuee shelter safer for children.
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Radics-Johnson, Jennifer B., Li Zhang, Anwen Huang, and Daniel W. Chacon. "92 Is Virtual Burn Camp as Effective as In-Person Burn Camp?" Journal of Burn Care & Research 42, Supplement_1 (April 1, 2021): S63—S64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irab032.096.
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Abstract Introduction Burn camps provide a safe haven for child burn survivors to socialize and participate in recreational activities away from the unwanted stares from the public. But when a worldwide pandemic forced one of the world’s largest burn camps to forgo an in-person camp and pivot to a virtual camp, would the virtual burn camp prove as effective as an in-person burn camp? Methods In a 4-year retrospective review of camper evaluations within 2017–2020, we aimed to assess if the campers’ evaluation responses of virtual camp were consistent with their responses from past in-person camp evaluations. Camper self-evaluation forms were reviewed to record camper responses to questions regarding their opinions on camp. Camp rosters were reviewed to determine which campers attended virtual Burn Camp in 2020 as well as in-person Burn Camp among the years 2017–2019, and matched sample comparisons were reviewed (2020 vs. 2017; 2020 vs. 2018 and 2020 vs. 2019). Categorical variables were summarized as frequency and percentage, and continuous variables were described as median and range. To assess if the responses to each question were consistent between 2020 vs. 2017, 2018 and 2019, McNemar’s test was used. Statistical significance was declared based on a p value< 0.05. Results Within 2017–2020, there were 444 camper evaluations submitted. In 2020, there were 137 registered campers. Sample size of this study was small due to a low response rate to evaluation form requests from virtual Burn Camp participants. There were 31 individual completed evaluations forms (23% response rate). Among 31 campers, 20, 22 and 20 campers attended 2017, 2018, and 2019 in-person Burn Camp, respectively. Participants’ demographic characteristics are summarized in Table 1. Comparisons between 2020 vs. 2017, 2018 and 2019, in general, the campers’ responses were consistent. However, for Question #8 (Did you learn anything new from the other burn survivors at this event?) in 2020, more people (n=8) answered Not/A little while they answered Yes/Mostly in 2019 (p=0.046). Participants’ responses to Question#8 are summarized in Tables 2 and 3. Conclusions Virtual Burn Camp was generally as effective as in-person Burn Camp in almost all areas of assessment, except for the ability for burn-injured children to learn from other burn-injured children. The virtual Burn Camp model provided some interaction between counselors and campers, but did not allow for much interaction between campers, resulting in a greater response of “A Little” or “Not at All” to the question “Did you learn anything new from the other burn survivors at this event?”
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Purdin, Susan, Paul Spiegel, Katelyn P. Mack, and Jennifer Millen. "Surveillance beyond Camp Settings in Humanitarian Emergencies: Findings from the Humanitarian Health Information Management Working Group." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 24, S2 (August 2009): s202—s205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00021592.
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AbstractIntroduction:Surveillance is an essential component of health and nutrition information management during humanitarian situations. Changes in the nature and scope of humanitarian assistance activities have created new challenges in health surveillance, particularly outside of camp-based settings.Objectives:The primary aim of the Humanitarian Health Information Management Working Group was to identify challenges and areas that need further elucidation in a range of non-camp settings, including urban and rural as well as low-and middle-income countries.Results:Three major themes emerged: (1) standardization of measures and methodologies; (2) context in data collection and management; and (3) hidden populations and the purpose of surveillance in urban settings. Innovative examples of data collection and management in community-based surveillance were discussed, including task-shifting, health worker to community member ratio, and literacy needs.Conclusions:Surveillance in non-camp settings can be informed by surveillance activities in camp-based settings, but requires additional consideration of new methods and population needs to achieve its objectives.
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Minkowitz, Shlomo, Kristen Leeman, Ashley E. Giambrone, Jennifer F. Kherani, Lily M. Belfi, and Roger J. Bartolotta. "Emergency Radiology “Boot Camp”: Educating Emergency Medicine Residents Using E-learning Radiology Modules." AEM Education and Training 1, no. 1 (January 2017): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aet2.10002.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Emergency camp"
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Min, Alice A., Lisa R. Stoneking, Kriti H. Grall, and Karen Spear-Ellinwood. "Implementation of the Introductory Clinican Development Series: an optional boot camp for Emergency Medicine interns." Dove Press, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/617202.
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UA Open Access Publishing FundBackground: The transition from medical student to first-year intern can be challenging. The stress of increased responsibilities, the gap between performance expectations and varying levels of clinical skills, and the need to adapt to a new institutional space and culture can make this transition overwhelming. Orientation programs intend to help new residents prepare for their new training environment. Objective: To ease our interns’ transition, we piloted a novel clinical primer course. We believe this course will provide an introduction to basic clinical knowledge and procedures, without affecting time allotted for mandatory orientation activities, and will help the interns feel better prepared for their clinical duties. Methods: First-year Emergency Medicine residents were invited to participate in this primer course, called the Introductory Clinician Development Series (or “intern boot camp”), providing optional lecture and procedural skills instruction prior to their participation in the mandatory orientation curriculum and assumption of clinical responsibilities. Participating residents completed postcourse surveys asking for feedback on the experience. Results: Survey responses indicated that the intern boot camp helped first-year residents feel more prepared for their clinical shifts in the Emergency Department. Conclusion: An optional clinical introductory series can allow for maintenance of mandatory orientation activities and clinical shifts while easing the transition from medical student to clinician.
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Galvanese, Carolina Simões. "Paradigmas do planejamento territorial em debate : contribuições críticas a um campo científico emergente." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2018.
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Orientador: Prof. Dr. Arilson FavaretoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Planejamento e Gestão do Território, São Bernardo do Campo, 2018.
Os últimos anos vêm assistindo a um reaquecimento dos debates sobre o desenvolvimento de longo prazo e os rumos do capitalismo no século XXI. A ênfase crescente na redução de desigualdades e no equacionamento da questão ambiental como principais desafios a serem enfrentados no mundo contemporâneo e a busca por novos padrões de relacionamento entre economia, sociedade e natureza exigem, cada vez mais, aparatos teórico-conceituais que desafiam a especialização disciplinar característica do campo científico desde finais do século XIX, e trazem novas oportunidades e desafios ao planejamento territorial. Por um lado, mudanças recentes na economia, no Estado e na agenda de desenvolvimento demandam novos olhares e conteúdos a esse campo de estudos, que sejam capazes de auxiliar no entendimento da complexa trama territorial que sustenta o mundo contemporâneo e na proposição de novas estratégias e políticas com ela condizentes. Por outro, a ausência de respostas às questões hoje colocadas, característica comum em contextos de crise e mudança de paradigmas, consiste em uma importante e necessária oportunidade de revisão e reconstrução das bases teóricas e conceituais que envolvem o planejamento territorial no cenário atual. O presente trabalho busca contribuir com esse reexame e com a construção de quadros analíticos condizentes com os desafios contemporâneos, a partir de uma revisão crítica da evolução recente das teorias sobre território e desenvolvimento e da busca pela identificação de algumas bases para uma nova geração de artefatos científicos com eles coerentes. Partindo das injunções entre as teorias e sua normatização em recomendações de políticas no decorrer do tempo até os dias de hoje, tanto em âmbito internacional quanto no Brasil, o trabalho ilumina as insuficiências das reflexões e abordagens que atualmente conformam o campo do planejamento territorial e a necessidade de construção de aparatos analíticos que, aproximando especialidades disciplinares tradicionalmente apartadas ¿ dedicadas ao rural, ao ambiental, ao urbano ou ao regional ¿ e articulando as diferentes dimensões por elas priorizadas ¿ economia, política, sociedade e meioambiente ¿ sejam capazes de fornecer as bases a novos olhares acerca da dimensão territorial do desenvolvimento contemporâneo.
The debates about the long term development and orientation of XXI century capitalism have been warming up over the last years. Growing emphasis on reducing inequality and solving the environmental question as the main challenges to be faced in the contemporary world, and the search for new patterns of interaction among economy, society and nature increasingly demand theoretical-conceptual instruments which defy the academic specialization that became academic standard since the end of the XIXth century, and bring new opportunities and challenges to the field of territorial planning. On the one hand, recent changes in economy, in the State and in the agenda of development demand new approaches and contents to this field of studies, ones that are able to help understanding the complex territorial network that supports the contemporary world and proposing new strategies and policies that respond to it. On the other hand, the absence of answers to today¿s questions, something common in contexts of crisis and paradigms change, amount to an important and needed opportunity to review and reconstruct theoretical and conceptual bases for the territorial planning in the present scenario. Our work seeks to contribute to such reexamining and to the construction of analytic frameworks that respond to contemporary challenges, departing from a critical review of the recent evolution of theories about territory and development, and the search for the identification of some bases for a new generation of scientific artifacts that befit them. Working from the articulations between theories and their transformation into policies guidelines along the time until today, in the international arena as well as in Brazil, our work throws light onto the insufficiencies of reflections and approaches that nowadays make up the field of territorial planning, and the need of elaborating an analytic apparatus that, bringing closer traditionally separated specialized disciplines ¿ dedicated to rural, environmental, urban or regional questions ¿ and articulating the different dimensions they prioritize ¿ economy, politics, society and environment ¿ are able to provide us with the basis needed to new views of the territorial dimension of contemporary development.
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Lima, Gustavo Ferreira da Costa. "Formação e dinamica do campo da educação ambiental no Brasil : emergencia, identidades, desafios." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279827.
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Orientador: Arlete Moyses RodriguesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: A pesquisa interpreta a formação e a dinâmica do campo da educação ambiental no Brasil. Explora seus antecedentes históricos e culturais, a emergência e institucionalização material e simbólica do campo, a diferenciação entre as diversas tendências político-pedagógicas e discursos que o dividem, a dinâmica que orienta a disputa entre essas tendências e discursos pela hegemonia do campo, as características que definem o perfil identitário do educador ambiental, sujeito coletivo da educação ambiental, assim como as principais possibilidades e desafios experimentados pelo campo da educação ambiental em seu processo de consolidação. Utiliza um referencial teórico-metodológico plural que articula aportes da sociologia compreensiva, da dialética, da Teoria dos campos sociais de Pierre Bourdieu e da Teoria da complexidade, sobretudo a partir de Edgar Morin. O trabalho realiza uma interpretação que simultaneamente descreve, analisa, historia e problematiza criticamente a formação de um novo campo social em suas identidades, trajetórias, conflitos e desafios. Nesse processo constata a diversidade interna do campo, seu caráter político e conflitivo, a disputa entre as tendências que o compõe, os limites e potencialidades de cada uma de suas tendências e a complexidade que o caracteriza. Conclui, enfim, que o caráter complexo e político das relações entre a educação, a sociedade e o ambiente exige um tipo de análise crítica e integradora capaz de incluir e articular o conjunto de suas dimensões
Abstract: The following thesis interprets the development and dynamic of the environmental education field in Brasil. It explores its cultural and historical background, tracing its ideal and material growth until its institutionalization; the different existing currents of its political-pedagogical discourses; the dynamics of its territorial disputes, the characteristics that shape the environmental educator's identity as well as the main possibilities and challenges experienced as the field of environmental education gains ground. It draws on a multifaceted theoretical and methodological structure, including contributions from comprehensive sociology, dialectics, Pierre Bourdieu's Theory of social fields to Edgar's Morin Complexity Theory. The work develops an interpretation that simultaneously describes, analyses, narrates and critically questions the formation of a new social field in its identities, conflicts and challenges. In this way it confirms the internal diversity of the field, its political and conflicting character, the dispute between its different currents, the limits and potential of each of the latter, and the complexity that characterizes them. It concludes, finally, that the political complexity of the interplay of education, society and the environment requires a critical and integrative form of analysis incorporating and expressing ali of its dimensions
Doutorado
Ciencias Sociais
Doutor em Ciências Sociais
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Salum, Juliane Dossi. "Testes laboratoriais para a avaliação do desempenho germinativo no campo de sementes de lotes de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96801.
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Resumo: trabalho foi desenvolvido na Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias do Câmpus de Jaboticabal (UNESP), na Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" em Piracicaba (USP) e na Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco (UNICASTELO) em Fernandópolis, e teve por objetivo verificar a eficiência de alguns testes de vigor, conduzidos em laboratório, na previsão do desempenho germinativo de sementes de lotes de soja quando semeados sob condições de campo compatíveis com a prática agrícola. Foram avaliados nove lotes de sementes por meio dos seguintes testes laboratoriais: primeira contagem, padrão de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, condutividade elétrica, frio, comprimento de plântula de acordo com procedimentos recomendados pela ISTA (1995), comprimento de plântulas de acordo com procedimentos recomendados pela ABRATES (1999), massa seca e emergência de plântulas no campo nas três localidades. O tempo de duração de cada teste foi também determinado. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Dados da correlação entre resultados laboratoriais e desempenho germinativo no campo foram também determinados. Os resultados deste trabalho indicam que o produtor de sementes de soja dispõe de um número razoavelmente alto de testes entre os quais optar para avaliar, com um grau aceitável de confiança, o que esperar do desempenho germinativo de um lote de sementes quando semeado sob condições ambientais usuais para a prática agrícola. Os testes de maior precisão seriam os do envelhecimento artificial, o da condutividade elétrica e o do frio. Se, além da confiabilidade, ao produtor de sementes interessar também rapidez na obtenção de resultados, o teste da condutividade elétrica seria o mais... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)Abstract: This research work was carried out on the campi of Jaboticabal, a unit of the Paulista State University (UNESP), Piracicaba, a unit of the University of São Paulo (USP), and Fernandópolis, a unit of the Camilo Castelo Branco University, the three of them localities of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The objective of this work was the evaluation of some laboratory tests for the analysis of soybean seeds quality as to their efficiency in forecasting seed lots germinative performance in the field. The environmental conditions in Jaboticabal, Piracicaba, and Fernandópolis were within the limits usually found under normal agricultural practice. Nine commercial soybean seed lots were used whose vigor levels previous laboratory tests showed to be high, medium, and low. The laboratory tests were the following: standard germination, germination first count, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, cold, seedling length according to procedures found in ISTA (1995), seedling length according to procedures found in ABRATES (1999), seedling dry matter and field emergence at the three localities. The results indicate that soybean seed companies have a reasonably high number of laboratory tests among which to choose, all of them yielding highly trustable results. The accelerated aging, the electrical conductivity, and the cold tests would be those of the highest precision. The electrical conductivity test, in addition to being of high precision, was found to be the fastest one. In addition to those, the seed company still has a high number of tests from which to choose. Among them, those in which seedling length is measured were found to be more efficient than those in which seedling dry matter is measured. The seedling length tests have a duration between 128 and 151 hours. The measuring of seedling length according to... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Orientador: Nelson Moreira de Carvalho
Coorientador: Silvio Moure Cícero
Coorientadora: Gisele Herbst Vazquez
Banca: João Nakagawa
Banca: Roberval Daiton Vieira
Mestre
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Montero, Montero Sara Lucia. "Experiencias de las enfermeras que se desempeñan en un campo laboral emergente no hospitalario : visitadores médicos, Chiclayo 2016." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, 2017. http://tesis.usat.edu.pe/handle/usat/966.
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El campo laboral, es el sitio de trabajo u ocupación de una persona, en donde desarrolla sus actividades cotidianas, involucra el área de desempeño profesional, y genera ingresos económicos para satisfacer sus necesidades. La enfermera según Ley, se desarrolla a través de un conjunto de acciones orientadas al cuidado del individuo, la familia y la comunidad, desenvolviéndose en las áreas: Asistencial, Administrativa, Docente y de Investigación; con preponderancia en la asistencia hospitalaria. En la actualidad, existen otros campos laborales emergentes, distintos, donde el profesional enfermera se está desarrollando; entre ellas instituciones, como la farma – industria, la cual siendo distinta a lo común, ocasiona en la enfermera, un sin número de acontecimientos que motivaron a la investigadora a realizar la presente investigación “Experiencias de las enfermeras que se desempeñan en un campo laboral emergente no hospitalario: Visitadores Médicos, Chiclayo-2016.” Fue cualitativa, con abordaje estudio de caso; tuvo como objetivos: Describir, comprender y analizar las experiencias de las enfermeras que laboran en esta área. Sus referentes teóricos fueron: K. Wojtyla (Experiencia) y P. Reed (Teoría de la Auto trascendencia). La muestra estuvo conformada por 10 enfermeras, elegidas por el método bola de nieve y delimitada por saturación. El instrumento de recolección de datos fue la entrevista semi-estructurada; arribándose a tres grandes categorías: La enfermera como protagonista en el campo laboral emergente; El desempeño laboral como visitadora médica; y Expectativas futuras; fueron analizadas con la técnica de contenido temático. Se aplicaron los principios éticos de E, Sgreccia y rigor científico de S. Hernández.Tesis
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Salum, Juliane Dossi [UNESP]. "Testes laboratoriais para a avaliação do desempenho germinativo no campo de sementes de lotes de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merrill." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96801.
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salum_jd_me_jabo.pdf: 501902 bytes, checksum: 620f27e762303dc5c1baa13c0b5715ef (MD5)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
trabalho foi desenvolvido na Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias do Câmpus de Jaboticabal (UNESP), na Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” em Piracicaba (USP) e na Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco (UNICASTELO) em Fernandópolis, e teve por objetivo verificar a eficiência de alguns testes de vigor, conduzidos em laboratório, na previsão do desempenho germinativo de sementes de lotes de soja quando semeados sob condições de campo compatíveis com a prática agrícola. Foram avaliados nove lotes de sementes por meio dos seguintes testes laboratoriais: primeira contagem, padrão de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, condutividade elétrica, frio, comprimento de plântula de acordo com procedimentos recomendados pela ISTA (1995), comprimento de plântulas de acordo com procedimentos recomendados pela ABRATES (1999), massa seca e emergência de plântulas no campo nas três localidades. O tempo de duração de cada teste foi também determinado. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Dados da correlação entre resultados laboratoriais e desempenho germinativo no campo foram também determinados. Os resultados deste trabalho indicam que o produtor de sementes de soja dispõe de um número razoavelmente alto de testes entre os quais optar para avaliar, com um grau aceitável de confiança, o que esperar do desempenho germinativo de um lote de sementes quando semeado sob condições ambientais usuais para a prática agrícola. Os testes de maior precisão seriam os do envelhecimento artificial, o da condutividade elétrica e o do frio. Se, além da confiabilidade, ao produtor de sementes interessar também rapidez na obtenção de resultados, o teste da condutividade elétrica seria o mais...
This research work was carried out on the campi of Jaboticabal, a unit of the Paulista State University (UNESP), Piracicaba, a unit of the University of São Paulo (USP), and Fernandópolis, a unit of the Camilo Castelo Branco University, the three of them localities of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The objective of this work was the evaluation of some laboratory tests for the analysis of soybean seeds quality as to their efficiency in forecasting seed lots germinative performance in the field. The environmental conditions in Jaboticabal, Piracicaba, and Fernandópolis were within the limits usually found under normal agricultural practice. Nine commercial soybean seed lots were used whose vigor levels previous laboratory tests showed to be high, medium, and low. The laboratory tests were the following: standard germination, germination first count, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, cold, seedling length according to procedures found in ISTA (1995), seedling length according to procedures found in ABRATES (1999), seedling dry matter and field emergence at the three localities. The results indicate that soybean seed companies have a reasonably high number of laboratory tests among which to choose, all of them yielding highly trustable results. The accelerated aging, the electrical conductivity, and the cold tests would be those of the highest precision. The electrical conductivity test, in addition to being of high precision, was found to be the fastest one. In addition to those, the seed company still has a high number of tests from which to choose. Among them, those in which seedling length is measured were found to be more efficient than those in which seedling dry matter is measured. The seedling length tests have a duration between 128 and 151 hours. The measuring of seedling length according to... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
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Melo, Seane Alves. "Discursos e práticas: um estudo do jornalismo investigativo no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27152/tde-19092016-155529/.
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Quais as definições do jornalismo investigativo no Brasil? Na prática profissional, o que o distingue do jornalismo de modo geral e de outras especialidades da área? Quais os critérios de consagração de um jornalista como repórter investigativo? Essas e outras questões estão no seio desta pesquisa que busca identificar as condições de possibilidade da emergência dos discursos sobre o jornalismo investigativo em nosso país e, principalmente, esclarecer as apropriações que foram feitas a partir deles. Nosso intuito era compreender as definições de jornalismo investigativo que têm sido trabalhadas na bibliografia nacional à luz das disputas que tomam forma no interior do campo jornalístico. Partimos da análise de obras teóricas sobre o tema, de coletâneas de reportagens investigativas e de fontes documentais (como resultados de premiações, dados de associações etc.) para levantarmos definições, referências e apropriações do discurso do \"jornalismo investigativo\" em nosso país. Ao longo da pesquisa - que se focou na análise de obras publicadas principalmente entre 1970 e 2010 - conseguimos identificar três eixos nos quais as definições de JI poderiam ser divididas (um com foco no papel ativo do jornalista, outro com foco na função de denúncia e um terceiro que considera o jornalismo investigativo um pleonasmo) e, pelo menos, três usos diferentes dessa especialidade jornalística: ora ela aparece como sinônimo de grande reportagem, ora está identificada com o jornalismo policial e, após a redemocratização e a profissionalização do jornalismo brasileiro, ela será mais identificada com o escândalo político. Argumentamos que cada um desses deslocamentos de sentido, que por vezes são muito sutis e não necessariamente lineares, podem ser entendidos como posicionamentos diante de acontecimentos e transformações que ocorreram no período: o fim da censura prévia e o início da abertura política do regime militar, o crescimento do papel das Relações Públicas e das assessorias de imprensa, as regulamentações profissionais e o desenvolvimento do ensino de jornalismo, bem como as reformas editoriais em grandes veículos de comunicação. Compreendendo essas disputas e tendo em vista as transformações que as novas mídias estão promovendo no campo, defendemos uma nova compreensão do jornalismo investigativo, em termos de sua posição em relação à esfera do poder, que recusa os critérios puramente baseados nos métodos de apuração ou nos seus efeitos.What are the definitions of investigative journalism in Brazil? In professional practice, which distinguishes it from ordinary journalism and other specialties of the area? What are the acclaim criteria of a journalist as an investigative reporter? These and other questions are at the core of this research that seeks to identify the emergence conditions of discourses on investigative journalism in our country, and, primarily, clarify the appropriations made from them. Our aim was to understand the investigative journalism definitions that have been put forth in the national bibliography in light of disputes that take shape within the journalistic field. We started from the analysis of theoretical works on the subject, investigative reports collections and documentary sources (such as results of awards, associations data etc.) to gather definitions, references and appropriations of the \"investigative journalism\" discourse in our country. During the research - which focused on the analysis of works published mainly between 1970 and 2010 - we were able to identify three areas in which IJ definitions could be divided (one focusing on the journalist\'s active role, the other focusing on the denunciation function and a third part who considers investigative journalism pleonastic) and at least three different uses of this journalistic branch: sometimes it appears as synonymous with cover story, occasionally it is identified with police reporting and, after the democratization and professionalization of Brazilian journalism, it will be identified with political scandal. We argue that each of these shifts of direction, which are sometimes very subtle and not necessarily linear, can be understood as stances regarding events and changes that occurred during the period such as: the end of censorship and the beginning of the political relaxation of the military regime, the growth of the role of Public Relations and press offices, professional regulations and development of journalism education, as well as editorial reform in major media outlets. Understanding these disputes and in light of the changes in the field promoted by the media, we advocate a new understanding of investigative journalism, in terms of its position in relation to the power sphere, a sphere that refuses criteria based purely based on the reporting methods or its effects.
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Luppi, Marta. "Tecniche di utilizzo e classificazione di immagini satellitari multispettrali in un'ottica di pianificazione e gestione delle emergenze umanitarie." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7536/.
Full textAbstract:
Il presente lavoro è inserito nel contesto di applicazioni che riguardano la pianificazione e gestione delle emergenze umanitarie. Gli aspetti che si sono voluti mettere in evidenza sono due. Da un lato l'importanza di conoscere le potenzialità dei dati che si hanno di fronte per poterli sfruttare al meglio. Dall'altro l'esigenza di creare prodotti che siano facilmente consultabili da parte dell'utente utilizzando due diverse tecniche per comprenderne le peculiarità. Gli strumenti che hanno permesso il presente studio sono stati tre: i principi del telerilevamento, il GIS e l'analisi di Change Detection.
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Venturi, Greta. "Radioprotezione in risonanza magnetica nucleare: regolamento di sicurezza ed effetti biologici." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/14574/.
Full textAbstract:
La presenza, all’interno di una struttura sanitaria, di apparecchiature diagnostiche a Risonanza Magnetica (RM) determina l’esistenza di una serie di rischi legati alle caratteristiche strutturali e tecnologiche dell’impianto stesso.
Con il presente lavoro di tesi si intende fare un sunto ragionato dei principali aspetti riguardanti la sicurezza del sito di risonanza magnetica in fase di installazione e i controlli di qualità necessari al fine di un duraturo mantenimento dell’impianto. Si evidenziano inoltre le linee guida comportamentali delle figure coinvolte, in riferimento alle normative vigenti, con particolare attenzione al paziente nella fase di preparazione all’esame RM. Infine si mettono in luce le possibili situazioni di emergenza e i protocolli da seguire in tali circostanze.
L’obiettivo del documento consiste nel descrivere in modo conciso tutte le conoscenze che chiunque si accinga a un sito di Risonanza Magnetica dovrebbe avere, conscio dei rischi sanitari connesso ad esso.
In particolare i rischi sono dovuti alla presenza di:
• Un campo magnetico statico.
• Un campo elettromagnetico a radiofrequenza (RF), con frequenza dipendente dall’intensità del campo magnetico statico, attivato nel momento di esecuzione degli esami;
• Gradienti di campo magnetico necessari per la codifica spaziale del segnale RM, attivati durante le sequenze di acquisizione.
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Krauss, Vivian Wolf. "Laboratório, estúdio, ateliê: fotógrafos e ofício fotográfico em São Paulo (1939-1970)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-09012014-121717/.
Full textAbstract:
O objeto de estudo desta dissertação é o surgimento do campo fotográfico profissional paulistano entre 1939 e 1970, fenômeno intimamente ligado à consolidação da sociedade de consumo em São Paulo. Ela tem como objetivo investigar as diferentes forças sociais que atuaram na formação da imagem da metrópole de seus artefatos, edifícios, pessoas e espaços componentes procurando entender por que uma e não outra representação da cidade; por que determinados profissionais e não outros a produziram. O tema foi abordado em três escalas. O primeiro capítulo traz um zoom sobre a atividade de um estúdio fotográfico, o Fotolabor, propriedade dos irmãos Werner e Geraldo Haberkorn. Descreve sua produção, as relações de trabalho, de aprendizado, os clientes e outros aspectos relevantes. O segundo capítulo abre um pouco o foco e tem como tema os fotógrafos de estúdio do período, a relação entre fotografia, publicidade e o desenvolvimento dos meios de comunicação impressos no Brasil. O terceiro amplia o campo de visão, como uma lente grande angular, e traz à cena fotógrafos, comerciantes e importadores de produtos fotográficos, numa visão de conjunto do que se denominou mercado fotográfico. Espera-se, assim, contribuir para uma melhor compreensão do trabalho dos fotógrafos profissionais em São Paulo no século XX.The subject of this thesis is the rise of the professional photographic field in São Paulo between 1939-1970, understood as a phenomenon that establishes a deep relationship with the consumer societys growth in the city at that time. It aims to investigate the different social forces that led to the conception and creation of the metropolis image its artifacts, buildings, people and spaces trying to understand why that image has been created and why a specific kind of professional produced it (foreign photographers in Brazil). The theme was approached on three levels. The first chapter gives a close up upon the activities of a photography studio, named Fotolabor, owned by the brothers Werner and Geraldo Haberkorn. This first chapter describes its production, its work relationships, the apprenticeship in the studio, its clients and other relevant aspects. The second chapter focuses on and looks at the photographers themselves (their life histories, the way they saw themselves and their colleagues) and at the relationship between photography, advertising and the press development in Brazil. The third chapter extends the field of view, much like a wide angle lens, and brings to the scene photographers, traders and importers of photographic products, an overview of what was called photographic market. It aims, therefore, to contribute to a better understanding of the work of professional photographers in São Paulo in the twentieth century.
Books on the topic "Emergency camp"
1
Djamaluddin, Dasman. Misssion Accomplished: Catatan Rais Abin Panglima Pasukan Perdamaian PBB Di Timur Tengah 1976-1979. Jakarta,Indonesia: Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2012.
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Wolf, Conradin. Ausnahmezustand und Menschenrecht: Unter Berücksichtigung des Falls Guantanamo. Zürich: Labor, 2005.
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Borisova, M. Pedagogy of the camp. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/25002.
Full textAbstract:
Academic edition is a part of the educational complex consisting of a tutorial and workshop, which is designed to help the students in mastering of educational disciplines included in the undergraduate program, and teaching practice. The textbook discusses the history of the emergence and development of summer camps, presents materials that are necessary for the organization of work in children's camp: theoretical foundations of organizing the activities of counselors, guidelines for working with children of different age groups, the performance of the regime moments, forms and methods of organization of process of education in DOLLARS, etc. In the workshop the material presented on the organization of different activities of children and adolescents in the camp. The allowance is aimed at assisting the counselor in working with the temporary children's collective in the conditions of the camp.
The content of the textbook meets the requirements of Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation.
For students of higher educational institutions enrolled in the fields of study within the enlarged group "Education and pedagogy", as well as professionals of education and all those interested in problems of children's recreation and recuperation.
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Villalobos, Francisco Cruces. La ciudad emergente: Transformaciones urbanas, campo político y campo asociativo en un contexto local. Madrid: Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, 1996.
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Manyé, Adam. En cos i ànima: Una dècada d'art emergent : Camp de Tarragona, 2000-2010. Barcelona: Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament de Cultura i Mitjans de Comunicació, 2010.
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Shṭal, Tsevi. Jewish ghettos' and concentration camps' money (1933-1945). London: D. Richman Books, 1990.
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1962-, Kuhn Helmut, ed. Fünf Jahre meines Lebens: Ein Bericht aus Guantánamo. Berlin: Rowohlt Berlin, 2007.
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Muia, Esther. Enhancing the use of emergency contraception in a refugee setting: Findings from a baseline survey in Kakuma refugee camps, Kenya. [Nairobi]: International Rescue Committee, 2000.
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N, Raúl Fuentes. La emergencia de un campo académico: Continuidad utópica y estructuración científica de la investigación de la comunicación en México. Jalisco, México: Universidad de Guadalajara, 1998.
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Shṭal, Tsevi. Kesef geṭaʼot u-maḥanot rikuz (1933-1945). London: D. Rits'man, 1990.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Emergency camp"
1
Taylor, A. E., W. K. Adkins, and T. M. Moore. "Ischemia Reperfusion Lung Injury: Repair of Endothelial Damage by Adenosine and cAMP." In Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 1993, 12–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84904-6_2.
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Armillei, Riccardo. "The Business of the Camps During the ‘Nomad Emergency’." In The ‘Camps System’ in Italy, 113–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76318-7_4.
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Tresalti, E., F. Abdulle, and H. Ismail. "Nutritional Problems of Refugees: Three Years’ Experience in the Somali Camps." In Emergency and Disaster Medicine, 197–204. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-69262-8_33.
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Polte, Alexander, Sebastian Haunss, Achim Schmid, Gabriela de Carvalho, and Heinz Rothgang. "The Emergence of Healthcare Systems." In Networks and Geographies of Global Social Policy Diffusion, 111–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83403-6_5.
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AbstractSome sort of medical infrastructure has existed in all modern states and dependent territories. However, healthcare systems that provide legal entitlements to medical care at least for specific groups of the population, and that regulate access to and provision of healthcare on a national level only came into existence at the end of the nineteenth century. In our chapter, we trace the global emergence of healthcare systems and test whether their introduction date is related to a diffusion process through networks of trade, culture or health-related cooperation, or whether it is mainly influenced by domestic medical needs, capabilities, and wealth.
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Miller, Peter. "Afterword: Quantifying, Mediating and Intervening: The R Number and the Politics of Health in the Twenty-First Century." In The New Politics of Numbers, 465–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78201-6_14.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis essay discusses the unassailable power and popularity that numbers have come to assume during the COVID-19 pandemic. Epidemiological statistics have come to play a remarkable and public role, regulating our lives, while shaping and justifying political decisions. This essay traces the emergence of one particular number, the “R” number or reproduction number in multiple and dispersed sites, drawing attention to the bifurcation of demography and epidemiology in its emergence. It examines how and why the R number came to act as a crucial mediating instrument during the pandemic, linking the health and well-being of the population with the health of the economy and supporting arguments both in favour of and against restrictions of various kinds.
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Molitor, Jochen. "The Imagined Disastrous: West German Civil Defence Between War Preparation and Emergency Management 1950–1990." In Cold War Civil Defence in Western Europe, 53–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84281-9_3.
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AbstractHistories of civil defence have tended to focus on large-scale endeavours during the early Cold War. In West Germany, however, civil defence became more successful after concepts of ‘total defence’ and accompanying shelter construction programmes were discontinued. From the mid-1960s, officials who had initially spoken of ‘disasters’ to avoid the unpopular term ‘war’ began focusing on less obtrusive, attainable all-hazards measures. Similarly, the majority of German physicians involved in disaster medicine pragmatically imagined scenarios up to, but not exceeding, nuclear reactor meltdowns or isolated nuclear strikes. In the wake of political détente and technical disasters during the 1980s, most critics came to agree that at least some specialised preparation for more extreme scenarios might be warranted and did not necessarily amount to militarisation.
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de Rond, Mark. "Camp Bastion." In Doctors at War. Cornell University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501705489.003.0003.
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The author describes Camp Bastion and its fifty-bed field hospital. Prior to its handover in late 2014, Camp Bastion covered eight square miles of desert in southwestern Afghanistan and served as the coalition's logistical hub in Helmand. Some 600 aircraft flew in and out of the camp every day. The hospital featured an ordinary and intensive care ward, a six-bed resuscitation bay (or emergency department), a four-theater (or bed) operating room, GP and dentist practices, and a pharmacy. Each day in the hospital began and ended with a meeting of department chiefs and included many of the surgeons. It was here that patients were discussed on an individual basis and life-or-death decisions made. The author discusses the hospital facilities, services, and amenities as well as day-to-day activities.
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Shin, Yoon Ah, and Jungwon Yeo. "Response to Ebola Virus Outbreak in a Refugee Camp." In Cultural Competency for Emergency and Crisis Management, 197–209. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367321888-14.
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Parsloe, Toby. "21 From Emergency Shelter to Community Shelter: Berlin’s Tempelhof Refugee Camp." In Structures of Protection?, 275–86. Berghahn Books, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781789207132-023.
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Brower, Lowell. "Mice, Cows, and Real Rwandans." In The Art of Emergency, 280–308. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190692322.003.0012.
Full textAbstract:
As an alternative to NGO- or state-initiated arts, this chapter explores traditional oral performance genres mobilized by Kinyarwanda-speakers from DR Congo resettled in a Rwandan refugee camp. Storytellers and poets find ways to unite their communities, obliquely re-narrate their histories, endure amid “emergency conditions,” and assert their agency in an environment otherwise bent toward defining them as passive refugees and victims. Close linguistic attention to the moments and manner in which these stories and poems are performed reveals that oral traditions are not simply sources of automatic authenticity in which to couch development messages, but rather the very means by which substantive demands for development can be articulated and promulgated. Like any other foreign intervention, arts projects initiated amid humanitarian crises would do best to begin by listening to local voices.
Conference papers on the topic "Emergency camp"
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Salehin, Sayedus, Huaichen Zhang, Tomas Larriba Martinez, Giorgos Papakokkinos, Govinda Upadhyay, Eric Bowler, and J. M. N. van Kasteren. "Designing of an Emergency Energy Module for relief and refugee camp situations: Case study for a refugee camp in Chad-Sudan border." In 2011 World Congress on Sustainable Technologies (WCST). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcst19361.2011.6114227.
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Camacho, Lea, Eliana Penedos-Santiago, and Elga Ferreira. "Health and Design at Service of a Refugee Camp in Iraq." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001412.
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This project emerges from the need to counteract a scenario of risk and unpredictability in the care provided to patients in illness situations, which stems from a poor or non-existent health record system (HRS). The direct contact in the year of 2017 with an emergency medical Non-Governmental Organization (NGO), working in context of humanitarian crises, demonstrated the precarious and yet scarce presence of such a system. The lack of practicality, easy understanding and access to other health partners proved to compromise the quality of care.Since a functional HRS (via paper or electronic means) is a core component for the management, delivery, and safety of quality in healthcare, the identification of a simple and yet effective system, capable of maintaining a history of care provided, is imperative. This need increases exponentially when the focus is on a humanitarian crisis context, in which populations have been forced into displacement and the health system is disrupted, of which the Internal Displaced Persons in Iraq are an example (commonly referred as refugees). The constraint of resources and the clash of different cultures and experiences between professionals, can hinder or even compromise the provision and quality of care, as well as the experience and perception of patients themselves regarding the services provided.With this study I propose the mapping of a HRS within an emergency medical field hospital, in a refugee camp in Iraq, to ensure the quality of emergency management and delivery of care, in a scenario of instability and political uncertainty. This system, which functions as a systematically collected database, presents specific health characteristics of a given patient when receiving differentiated care essential to guarantee high standards of care.A service design methodology to test the hypothesis will be used through a service blueprint development, capable of mapping the activities, processes and systems involved in a patient's health experience. Design research methods such as service safari and user shadowing with informal ethnographic interviews will be implemented, as well as workshops with national and international health professionals involved with NGO work.Thus, it is expected to re-design a robust monitoring and patient track, with faster access of the patient’s history to health professionals, a better prevention of medication errors and duplication, and a greater transparency in the management and delivery of care. The easy implementation of the system will also allow an easier communication of patient’s needs and care, between different health stakeholders.
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Gonzalez-Cadelo, J., C. Queral, J. Montero, and J. C. Martinez-Murillo. "Accident Management Actions in a Lower Head SBLOCA With HPSI Failed." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54280.
Full textAbstract:
In the framework of CAMP and OECD/NEA ROSA projects a broad analysis of Lower Head SBLOCA with High Pressure Safety Injection (HPSI) unavailable in a Westinghouse PWR has been performed. The simulations have been performed with TRACE 5 patch1 and the selected methodology has been the Integrated Safety Assessment (ISA) methodology, developed by the Spanish Nuclear Safety Council (CSN), which allows obtaining the damage domain as a function of the operator actuation times. The objective of this work is to find the available time for accident management actions by means of ISA methodology. The main conclusions are that present emergency operating procedures are adequate for this kind of sequences and there is not necessary to modify them and also that, the ISA methodology is adequate to analyze safety issues that include time delays uncertainties.
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Chambers, Justin R., Andrew D. Lowery, and James E. Smith. "Collapsible Wind Powered Energy Generation and Storage Device." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-51816.
Full textAbstract:
The described research is a light weight, inexpensive portable and collapsible wind turbine, small enough to be carried in a backpack, ruck sack or within the storage compartment of a vehicle, which can be used to recharge batteries and provide off-site, emergency, or campsite power. As a means to extend the battery life of electronic equipment while moving away from the power grid and extra battery storage, a power generating unit is needed. Current approaches are to carry the anticipated number of spare batteries, to use solar cells or any number of small generating thermionic devices. While each of these have a place in the market, they also have negative cost, size, and weight drawbacks. The objective of this research is to create a power generating/storage wind turbine device for recreational, emergency, and military use that can easily be collapsed and transported as needed. The device is a lightweight, collapsible wind turbine constructed of rugged materials to be used on camp sites, remote locations etc. and carried within a pack for travel. It is of a size and weight to be part of an emergency or survival pack. The wind turbine, in its preferred embodiment, is a self-starting/sustaining device that starts at low wind speeds so no monitoring or priming of the device is necessary. In addition to the novelty of it being collapsible, the wind turbine device employs advanced features to increase its wind energy capture efficiency and its energy storage and delivery system, along with unique design features that make it rugged, lightweight and easily assembled.
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Bruza, P. D. "Concept combination, emergence and abduction." In Knowledge Management (CAMP). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infrkm.2010.5466900.
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Richa, Luan, Germain Venero, and Roberto Carvalho. "Feasibility of Riser Emergency Disconnections During Drilling MPD Operations With Surface Back Pressure." In ASME 2022 41st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2022-80858.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Managed-Pressure Drilling (MPD) techniques are used by operators to reduce the non-productive time associated with kicks, losses and well-control events. There are different MPD techniques applied to work reservoirs where fluid loss are common, or where the fracture gradient and the pore pressure are close [1]. MPD techniques on deep water drilling operations can lead to extreme scenarios for the riser integrity, with low effective tension scenarios for Floating Mud Cap Drilling (FMCD) up to high effective tension for Pressurized Mud Cap Drilling (PMCD) and Surface Back Pressure (SBP). Feasibility of drilling operations using MPD techniques will depend, among other factors, on the feasibility of the riser disconnection on an emergency scenario, which present restrictions due to the distribution of effective tension and axial forces along the riser. Recoil analysis is required to define safe windows for emergency disconnection during MPD operations. The critical parameters during emergency disconnection of a riser with MPD have been studied based on recoil analyses, which were performed for ultra-deep water for a range of SBP scenarios and for a non-pressurized operation with equivalent bottomhole pressure. Numerical simulations are applied for solving the transient problem of the riser disconnection in the time domain, considering the mud outflow, the riser dynamics, the vessel response and detailed tensioning system model to properly capture the system behaviour during the disconnection. Individual and comparative results are presented, and conclusions describes the influence of the SBP usage for the riser integrity during an emergence disconnection.
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Andreassi, Fabio, and Ottavia Aristone. "Geografia e storia nei territori sensibili: rischio, emergenza e memoria: prove di dialogo." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Roma: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7934.
Full textAbstract:
Si vuole esplorare il significato nella pratica di alcune parole chiave quali cambiamento,
collasso, emergenza, memoria, rischio e la loro eventuale capacità di esplicitare i nessi tra
geografia e storia nei territori sensibili.
Per i sapere non esperti, la nozione di rischio diventa cangiante: declinata al passato in forma di
mitografia o respinta e scomoda declinazione del futuro, al presente tende a perdere un
significato proprio per scivolare nel campo semantico dell'emergenza. Questa coniugazione
produce azioni, nell'unità di spazio-temporale del disastro, che appartengono all'emergenza:
depotenziata di un passato irripetibile e di un futuro incerto, si configura quale potente veicolo
del potere, avendo liberato le decisioni dalle procedure necessarie per la verifica della
opportunità tecnica e del consenso consapevole. Nei "casi di emergenza" si riduce la relazione
decisionale con gli abitanti coinvolti; il coordinamento e la gestione assumono forme autoritative
e astratte, inconsapevoli della soglia di sopportabilità del rischio da parte delle popolazioni.
L'efficienza dell'intervento di prima istanza non corrisponde alla efficacia nella media durata
laddove l'azione pubblica non orienta le possibili scelte e non ne supporta i processi attuativi e
adattivi. Our intention is to explore the practical meaning of certain key-words such as change, collapse,
emergency, memory and risk, and how they may explain the links between the geography and
history of sensitive areas.
For non-experts, the notion of risk is many-faceted: when declined in a past sense as a myth, or
a rejected, inconvenient declination of the future, in the present, it loses its intrinsic meaning
and comes to refer to an emergency.
This conjugation produces actions, within the space and time of the disaster, which are proper
to the emergency: its unrepeatable past weakened and with an uncertain future, it emerges as a
forceful vehicle of power, which takes all the decisions and enforces the procedures necessary
for assessing technical necessities and conscious consensus. In "cases of emergency", the inhabitants involved are deprived of their part in decision-making, while the management of the
emergency takes on an abstract and authoritarian form and seems unable to sense the
threshold of tolerance of risk of the population. The immediate intervention is seen to be
effective, but not in the mid-term, where public action does not take into account the possible
alternatives or sustain the local people in their attempt to adapt.
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Polo, A., F. Viani, A. Massa, A. Zorer, S. Marchesi, and L. Zappini. "Advances in decision-making support tools for fleet management in emergency and security applications." In 2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cama.2014.7003364.
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Morales Tirado, Alba Catalina, Enrico Daga, and Enrico Motta. "Reasoning on Health Condition Evolution for Enhanced Detection of Vulnerable People in Emergency Settings." In K-CAP '21: Knowledge Capture Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3460210.3493551.
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Barbosa da Silva, André Luiz, and Juracy Parente. "CAMPO PRÉ-EMERGENTE: BAIXA MATURIDADE DO CAMPO INSTITUCIONAL E OS DESAFIOS PARA A LEGITIMIDADE DO EMPREENDEDOR INSTITUCIONAL VAREJISTA." In ANAIS DO XI EGEPE - ENCONTRO DE ESTUDOS SOBRE EMPREENDEDORISMO E GESTãO DE PEQUENAS EMPRESAS. ANEGEPE - Associação Nacional de Estudos em Empreendedorismo e Gestão de Pequenas Empresas, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14211/xi-egepe-117985.
Full textReports on the topic "Emergency camp"
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Muia, Esther G., and Joyce Olenja. Enhancing the use of emergency contraception in a refugee setting: Findings from a baseline survey in Kakuma refugee camps, Kenya. Population Council, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh2000.1038.
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In August 1992, the International Rescue Committee (IRC) at the request of the United Nations, the United Nations High Commission for Refugees, and the Kenyan Government, initiated a primary health care program in the Kakuma Refugee Camp. Since then, the population of the camp has continued to grow, and activities have moved from a crisis to a maintenance phase. In January 1997, IRC assumed the additional responsibility of the camp hospital, bringing the entire health sector under their management. IRC's programs focus on maintaining and improving public health and promoting self-reliance, particularly of the most vulnerable communities. This project focuses on emergency contraception as an aspect of the reproductive health (RH) needs of refugee women and men of reproductive age. The project will especially target the large adolescent community currently resident in the camp. The objective is to contribute to the improved quality of RH services for refugees and the local Turkana population in Kakuma through operations research on the introduction of emergency contraception. This report presents findings from the baseline survey.
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Patchett, Hannah. Za'atari Refugee Camp, 10 Years On: Stalled ambitions and lost hope, but durable solutions are possible. Oxfam, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.9356.
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Ten years since Za'atari refugee camp was established in Jordan's northern desert, it has evolved into the world's biggest Syrian refugee camp. The camp was set up as an emergency shelter; 10 years on, residents struggle to see a way out. This briefing note presents the perspectives of Syrian refugees on 10 years of life in Za'atari camp, their needs and their hopes, and it explores the impact of a series of external economic shocks on a community that has exhausted all safety nets. Finally, it offers recommendations to mitigate immediate vulnerabilities and facilitate durable solutions.
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Aldana, Alexander. Optimizing Naval Hospital Camp Pendleton's Primary Care Access by Managing Demand of the Emergency Department through a Health Services Center: A Marcus Welby Care Initiative. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada473562.
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Day, St John, Tim Forster, and Ryan Schweitzer. Water Supply in Protracted Humanitarian Crises: Reflections on the sustainability of service delivery models. Oxfam, UNHCR, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.6362.
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UNHCR estimates that the average time spent by a refugee in a camp is 10 years, while the average refugee camp remains for 26 years. WASH (water, sanitation and hygiene) is a crucial component of humanitarian response and longer-term recovery. Humanitarian agencies and host governments face many challenges in protracted situations and complex long-term humanitarian crises. One key issue is how water supplies should be managed in the long term. Who is best placed to operate and manage WASH services and which delivery model is the most viable? At the end of 2019, there were 15.7 million refugees in protracted situations, representing 77% of all refugees. This report takes stock of the various alternative service delivery models, to enable humanitarian and development agencies to work together to smooth the transition from emergency relief to sustainable services.
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Owens, Janine, Rosie Allen, Amelia Pearson, Susan Davies, Catherine Robinson, and Alys Young. The impact of COVID-19 on social care and social work in the UK: A Scoping Review Protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0174.
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Review question / Objective: What are the medium and long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on practitioners and organisations providing social work and social care to adults in the UK? Rationale: The pandemic has exerted adverse effects on staff morale and well-being, with sickness absence rises across the sector and increased difficulties in recruiting staff from agencies, despite a pre-COVID government recruitment campaign (https://www.gov.uk/government/news/adult-social-care-recruitment-care-campaign-launched-to-boost-workforce). Care home providers report extreme anxiety and distress, burnout and financial concerns (CQC, 2020). These worsened during the proposed introduction of mandatory vaccination care home workers (Bell et al. 2021). Social care workers report a lack of support in terms of training and equipment, sleep disturbances and increasing levels of mental ill health (Pappa et al. 2020; Williamson et al. 2020; Donnelly et al. 2021). They also report experiencing conflicts in terms of caring for people with diverse needs (Greenberg et al. 2020). Some research suggests that workers experienced professional growth during the pandemic, but that this came at a cost to their own mental health (Billings et al. 2021). Other research reported increased team unity and more reflection on what mattered in life (Aughterson et al. 2021). One editorial claims that the pandemic created a reduction of bureaucracy and the emergence of more efficient ways of working in social care in Local Authorities (Golightley & Holloway 2020). The evidence appears conflicting and frequently fails to separate health care and social care work, when the roles and structures of service delivery organisations are different. There is also a lack of differentiation in reporting on effects on the social care workforce in general, and specifically social workers and statutory social work.
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Hunter, Fraser, and Martin Carruthers. Scotland: The Roman Presence. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.104.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings: Scotland in the Roman world: Research into Roman Scotland requires an appreciation of the wider frontier and Empire-wide perspectives, and Scottish projects must be integrated into these wider, international debates. The rich data set and chronological control that Scotland has to offer can be used to inform broader understandings of the impact of Rome. Changing worlds: Roman Scotland’s rich data set should be employed to contribute to wider theoretical perspectives on topics such as identity and ethnicity, and how these changed over time. What was the experience of daily life for the various peoples in Roman Scotland and how did interactions between incomers and local communities develop and change over the period in question, and, indeed, at and after its end? Frontier Life: Questions still remain regarding the disposition and chronology of forts and forces, as well as the logistics of sustaining and supplying an army of conquest and occupation. Sites must be viewed as part of a wider, interlocking set of landscapes, and the study of movement over land and by sea incorporated within this. The Antonine Wall provides a continuing focus of research which would benefit from more comparison with frontier structures and regimes in other areas. Multiple landscapes: Roman sites need to be seen in a broader landscape context, ‘looking beyond the fort’ and explored as nested and interlocking landscapes. This will allow exploration of frontier life and the changing worlds of the Roman period. To do justice to this resource requires two elements: o Development-control archaeology should look as standard at the hinterland of forts (up to c.1 km from the ‘core’), as sensitive areas and worthy of evaluation; examples such as Inveresk show the density of activity around such nodes. The interiors of camps should be extensively excavated as standard. o Integrated approaches to military landscapes are required, bringing in where appropriate topographical and aerial survey, LIDAR, geophysics, the use of stray and metal-detected finds, as well as fieldwalking and ultimately, excavation. The Legacy of Rome: How did the longer term influence of the Romans, and their legacy, influence the formation, nature and organisation of the Pictish and other emergent kingdoms?
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Mahdavian, Farnaz. Germany Country Report. University of Stavanger, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.180.
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Germany is a parliamentary democracy (The Federal Government, 2021) with two politically independent levels of 1) Federal (Bund) and 2) State (Länder or Bundesländer), and has a highly differentiated decentralized system of Government and administration (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit, 2021). The 16 states in Germany have their own government and legislations which means the federal authority has the responsibility of formulating policy, and the states are responsible for implementation (Franzke, 2020). The Federal Government supports the states in dealing with extraordinary danger and the Federal Ministry of the Interior (BMI) supports the states' operations with technology, expertise and other services (Federal Ministry of Interior, Building and Community, 2020). Due to the decentralized system of government, the Federal Government does not have the power to impose pandemic emergency measures. In the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to slowdown the spread of coronavirus, on 16 March 2020 the federal and state governments attempted to harmonize joint guidelines, however one month later State governments started to act more independently (Franzke & Kuhlmann, 2021). In Germany, health insurance is compulsory and more than 11% of Germany’s GDP goes into healthcare spending (Federal Statistical Office, 2021). Health related policy at the federal level is the primary responsibility of the Federal Ministry of Health. This ministry supervises institutions dealing with higher level of public health including the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), the Paul-Ehrlich-Institute (PEI), the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) and the Federal Centre for Health Education (Federal Ministry of Health, 2020). The first German National Pandemic Plan (NPP), published in 2005, comprises two parts. Part one, updated in 2017, provides a framework for the pandemic plans of the states and the implementation plans of the municipalities, and part two, updated in 2016, is the scientific part of the National Pandemic Plan (Robert Koch Institut, 2017). The joint Federal-State working group on pandemic planning was established in 2005. A pandemic plan for German citizens abroad was published by the German Foreign Office on its website in 2005 (Robert Koch Institut, 2017). In 2007, the federal and state Governments, under the joint leadership of the Federal Ministry of the Interior and the Federal Ministry of Health, simulated influenza pandemic exercise called LÜKEX 07, and trained cross-states and cross-department crisis management (Bundesanstalt Technisches Hilfswerk, 2007b). In 2017, within the context of the G20, Germany ran a health emergency simulation exercise with representatives from WHO and the World Bank to prepare for future pandemic events (Federal Ministry of Health et al., 2017). By the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, on 27 February 2020, a joint crisis team of the Federal Ministry of the Interior (BMI) and the Federal Ministry of Health (BMG) was established (Die Bundesregierung, 2020a). On 4 March 2020 RKI published a Supplement to the National Pandemic Plan for COVID-19 (Robert Koch Institut, 2020d), and on 28 March 2020, a law for the protection of the population in an epidemic situation of national scope (Infektionsschutzgesetz) came into force (Bundesgesundheitsministerium, 2020b). In the first early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, Germany managed to slow down the speed of the outbreak but was less successful in dealing with the second phase. Coronavirus-related information and measures were communicated through various platforms including TV, radio, press conferences, federal and state government official homepages, social media and applications. In mid-March 2020, the federal and state governments implemented extensive measures nationwide for pandemic containment. Step by step, social distancing and shutdowns were enforced by all Federal States, involving closing schools, day-cares and kindergartens, pubs, restaurants, shops, prayer services, borders, and imposing a curfew. To support those affected financially by the pandemic, the German Government provided large economic packages (Bundesministerium der Finanzen, 2020). These measures have adopted to the COVID-19 situation and changed over the pandemic. On 22 April 2020, the clinical trial of the corona vaccine was approved by Paul Ehrlich Institute, and in late December 2020, the distribution of vaccination in Germany and all other EU countries
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Monetary Policy Report - January 2022. Banco de la República, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr1-2022.
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Macroeconomic summary Several factors contributed to an increase in projected inflation on the forecast horizon, keeping it above the target rate. These included inflation in December that surpassed expectations (5.62%), indexation to higher inflation rates for various baskets in the consumer price index (CPI), a significant real increase in the legal minimum wage, persistent external and domestic inflationary supply shocks, and heightened exchange rate pressures. The CPI for foods was affected by the persistence of external and domestic supply shocks and was the most significant contributor to unexpectedly high inflation in the fourth quarter. Price adjustments for fuels and certain utilities can explain the acceleration in inflation for regulated items, which was more significant than anticipated. Prices in the CPI for goods excluding food and regulated items also rose more than expected. This was partly due to a smaller effect on prices from the national government’s VAT-free day than anticipated by the technical staff and more persistent external pressures, including via peso depreciation. By contrast, the CPI for services excluding food and regulated items accelerated less than expected, partly reflecting strong competition in the communications sector. This was the only major CPI basket for which prices increased below the target inflation rate. The technical staff revised its inflation forecast upward in response to certain external shocks (prices, costs, and depreciation) and domestic shocks (e.g., on meat products) that were stronger and more persistent than anticipated in the previous report. Observed inflation and a real increase in the legal minimum wage also exceeded expectations, which would boost inflation by affecting price indexation, labor costs, and inflation expectations. The technical staff now expects year-end headline inflation of 4.3% in 2022 and 3.4% in 2023; core inflation is projected to be 4.5% and 3.6%, respectively. These forecasts consider the lapse of certain price relief measures associated with the COVID-19 health emergency, which would contribute to temporarily keeping inflation above the target on the forecast horizon. It is important to note that these estimates continue to contain a significant degree of uncertainty, mainly related to the development of external and domestic supply shocks and their ultimate effects on prices. Other contributing factors include high price volatility and measurement uncertainty related to the extension of Colombia’s health emergency and tax relief measures (such as the VAT-free days) associated with the Social Investment Law (Ley de Inversión Social). The as-yet uncertain magnitude of the effects of a recent real increase in the legal minimum wage (that was high by historical standards) and high observed and expected inflation, are additional factors weighing on the overall uncertainty of the estimates in this report. The size of excess productive capacity remaining in the economy and the degree to which it is closing are also uncertain, as the evolution of the pandemic continues to represent a significant forecast risk. margin, could be less dynamic than expected. And the normalization of monetary policy in the United States could come more quickly than projected in this report, which could negatively affect international financing costs. Finally, there remains a significant degree of uncertainty related to the duration of supply chocks and the degree to which macroeconomic and political conditions could negatively affect the recovery in investment. The technical staff revised its GDP growth projection for 2022 from 4.7% to 4.3% (Graph 1.3). This revision accounts for the likelihood that a larger portion of the recent positive dynamic in private consumption would be transitory than previously expected. This estimate also contemplates less dynamic investment behavior than forecast in the previous report amid less favorable financial conditions and a highly uncertain investment environment. Third-quarter GDP growth (12.9%), which was similar to projections from the October report, and the fourth-quarter growth forecast (8.7%) reflect a positive consumption trend, which has been revised upward. This dynamic has been driven by both public and private spending. Investment growth, meanwhile, has been weaker than forecast. Available fourth-quarter data suggest that consumption spending for the period would have exceeded estimates from October, thanks to three consecutive months that included VAT-free days, a relatively low COVID-19 caseload, and mobility indicators similar to their pre-pandemic levels. By contrast, the most recently available figures on new housing developments and machinery and equipment imports suggest that investment, while continuing to rise, is growing at a slower rate than anticipated in the previous report. The trade deficit is expected to have widened, as imports would have grown at a high level and outpaced exports. Given the above, the technical staff now expects fourth-quarter economic growth of 8.7%, with overall growth for 2021 of 9.9%. Several factors should continue to contribute to output recovery in 2022, though some of these may be less significant than previously forecast. International financial conditions are expected to be less favorable, though external demand should continue to recover and terms of trade continue to increase amid higher projected oil prices. Lower unemployment rates and subsequent positive effects on household income, despite increased inflation, would also boost output recovery, as would progress in the national vaccination campaign. The technical staff expects that the conditions that have favored recent high levels of consumption would be, in large part, transitory. Consumption spending is expected to grow at a slower rate in 2022. Gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) would continue to recover, approaching its pre-pandemic level, though at a slower rate than anticipated in the previous report. This would be due to lower observed GFCF levels and the potential impact of political and fiscal uncertainty. Meanwhile, the policy interest rate would be less expansionary as the process of monetary policy normalization continues. Given the above, growth in 2022 is forecast to decelerate to 4.3% (previously 4.7%). In 2023, that figure (3.1%) is projected to converge to levels closer to the potential growth rate. In this case, excess productive capacity would be expected to tighten at a similar rate as projected in the previous report. The trade deficit would tighten more than previously projected on the forecast horizon, due to expectations of an improved export dynamic and moderation in imports. The growth forecast for 2022 considers a low basis of comparison from the first half of 2021. However, there remain significant downside risks to this forecast. The current projection does not, for example, account for any additional effects on economic activity resulting from further waves of COVID-19. High private consumption levels, which have already surpassed pre-pandemic levels by a large margin, could be less dynamic than expected. And the normalization of monetary policy in the United States could come more quickly than projected in this report, which could negatively affect international financing costs. Finally, there remains a significant degree of uncertainty related to the duration of supply chocks and the degree to which macroeconomic and political conditions could negatively affect the recovery in investment. External demand for Colombian goods and services should continue to recover amid significant global inflation pressures, high oil prices, and less favorable international financial conditions than those estimated in October. Economic activity among Colombia’s major trade partners recovered in 2021 amid countries reopening and ample international liquidity. However, that growth has been somewhat restricted by global supply chain disruptions and new outbreaks of COVID-19. The technical staff has revised its growth forecast for Colombia’s main trade partners from 6.3% to 6.9% for 2021, and from 3.4% to 3.3% for 2022; trade partner economies are expected to grow 2.6% in 2023. Colombia’s annual terms of trade increased in 2021, largely on higher oil, coffee, and coal prices. This improvement came despite increased prices for goods and services imports. The expected oil price trajectory has been revised upward, partly to supply restrictions and lagging investment in the sector that would offset reduced growth forecasts in some major economies. Elevated freight and raw materials costs and supply chain disruptions continue to affect global goods production, and have led to increases in global prices. Coupled with the recovery in global demand, this has put upward pressure on external inflation. Several emerging market economies have continued to normalize monetary policy in this context. Meanwhile, in the United States, the Federal Reserve has anticipated an end to its asset buying program. U.S. inflation in December (7.0%) was again surprisingly high and market average inflation forecasts for 2022 have increased. The Fed is expected to increase its policy rate during the first quarter of 2022, with quarterly increases anticipated over the rest of the year. For its part, Colombia’s sovereign risk premium has increased and is forecast to remain on a higher path, to levels above the 15-year-average, on the forecast horizon. This would be partly due to the effects of a less expansionary monetary policy in the United States and the accumulation of macroeconomic imbalances in Colombia. Given the above, international financial conditions are projected to be less favorable than anticipated in the October report. The increase in Colombia’s external financing costs could be more significant if upward pressures on inflation in the United States persist and monetary policy is normalized more quickly than contemplated in this report. As detailed in Section 2.3, uncertainty surrounding international financial conditions continues to be unusually high. Along with other considerations, recent concerns over the potential effects of new COVID-19 variants, the persistence of global supply chain disruptions, energy crises in certain countries, growing geopolitical tensions, and a more significant deceleration in China are all factors underlying this uncertainty. The changing macroeconomic environment toward greater inflation and unanchoring risks on inflation expectations imply a reduction in the space available for monetary policy stimulus. Recovery in domestic demand and a reduction in excess productive capacity have come in line with the technical staff’s expectations from the October report. Some upside risks to inflation have materialized, while medium-term inflation expectations have increased and are above the 3% target. Monetary policy remains expansionary. Significant global inflationary pressures and the unexpected increase in the CPI in December point to more persistent effects from recent supply shocks. Core inflation is trending upward, but remains below the 3% target. Headline and core inflation projections have increased on the forecast horizon and are above the target rate through the end of 2023. Meanwhile, the expected dynamism of domestic demand would be in line with low levels of excess productive capacity. An accumulation of macroeconomic imbalances in Colombia and the increased likelihood of a faster normalization of monetary policy in the United States would put upward pressure on sovereign risk perceptions in a more persistent manner, with implications for the exchange rate and the natural rate of interest. Persistent disruptions to international supply chains, a high real increase in the legal minimum wage, and the indexation of various baskets in the CPI to higher inflation rates could affect price expectations and push inflation above the target more persistently. These factors suggest that the space to maintain monetary stimulus has continued to diminish, though monetary policy remains expansionary. 1.2 Monetary policy decision Banco de la República’s board of directors (BDBR) in its meetings in December 2021 and January 2022 voted to continue normalizing monetary policy. The BDBR voted by a majority in these two meetings to increase the benchmark interest rate by 50 and 100 basis points, respectively, bringing the policy rate to 4.0%.
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Monetary Policy Report - April 2022. Banco de la República, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr2-2022.
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Macroeconomic summary Annual inflation continued to rise in the first quarter (8.5%) and again outpaced both market expectations and the technical staff’s projections. Inflation in major consumer price index (CPI) baskets has accelerated year-to-date, rising in March at an annual rate above 3%. Food prices (25.4%) continued to contribute most to rising inflation, mainly affected by a deterioration in external supply and rising costs of agricultural inputs. Increases in transportation prices and in some utility rates (energy and gas) can explain the acceleration in regulated items prices (8.3%). For its part, the increase in inflation excluding food and regulated items (4.5%) would be the result of shocks in supply and external costs that have been more persistent than expected, the effects of indexation, accumulated inflationary pressures from the exchange rate, and a faster-than-anticipated tightening of excess productive capacity. Within the basket excluding food and regulated items, external inflationary pressures have meaningfully impacted on goods prices (6.4%), which have been accelerating since the last quarter of 2021. Annual growth in services prices (3.8%) above the target rate is due primarily to food away from home (14.1%), which was affected by significant increases in food and utilities prices and by a rise in the legal monthly minimum wage. Housing rentals and other services prices also increased, though at rates below 3%. Forecast and expected inflation have increased and remain above the target rate, partly due to external pressures (prices and costs) that have been more persistent than projected in the January report (Graphs 1.1 and 1.2). Russia’s invasion of Ukraine accentuated inflationary pressures, particularly on international prices for certain agricultural goods and inputs, energy, and oil. The current inflation projection assumes international food prices will increase through the middle of this year, then remain high and relatively stable for the remainder of 2022. Recovery in the perishable food supply is forecast to be less dynamic than previously anticipated due to high agricultural input prices. Oil prices should begin to recede starting in the second half of the year, but from higher levels than those presented in the previous report. Given the above, higher forecast inflation could accentuate indexation effects and increase inflation expectations. The reversion of a rebate on value-added tax (VAT) applied to cleaning and hygiene products, alongside the end of Colombia’s COVID-19 health emergency, could increase the prices of those goods. The elimination of excess productive capacity on the forecast horizon, with an output gap close to zero and somewhat higher than projected in January, is another factor to consider. As a consequence, annual inflation is expected to remain at high levels through June. Inflation should then decline, though at a slower pace than projected in the previous report. The adjustment process of the monetary policy rate wouldcontribute to pushing inflation and its expectations toward the target on the forecast horizon. Year-end inflation for 2022 is expected to be around 7.1%, declining to 4.8% in 2023. Economic activity again outperformed expectations. The technical staff’s growth forecast for 2022 has been revised upward from 4.3% to 5% (Graph 1.3). Output increased more than expected in annual terms in the fourth quarter of 2021 (10.7%), driven by domestic demand that came primarily because of private consumption above pre-pandemic levels. Investment also registered a significant recovery without returning to 2019 levels and with mixed performance by component. The trade deficit increased, with significant growth in imports similar to that for exports. The economic tracking indicator (ISE) for January and February suggested that firstquarter output would be higher than previously expected and that the positive demand shock observed at the end of 2021 could be fading slower than anticipated. Imports in consumer goods, retail sales figures, real restaurant and hotel income, and credit card purchases suggest that household spending continues to be dynamic, with levels similar to those registered at the end of 2021. Project launch and housing starts figures and capital goods import data suggest that investment also continues to recover but would remain below pre-pandemic levels. Consumption growth is expected to decelerate over the year from high levels reached over the last two quarters. This would come amid tighter domestic and external financial conditions, the exhaustion of suppressed demand, and a deterioration of available household income due to increased inflation. Investment is expected to continue to recover, while the trade deficit should tighten alongside high oil and other export commodity prices. Given all of the above, first-quarter economic growth is now expected to be 7.2% (previously 5.2%) and 5.0% for 2022 as a whole (previously 4.3%). Output growth would continue to moderate in 2023 (2.9%, previously 3.1%), converging similar to long-term rates. The technical staff’s revised projections suggest that the output gap would remain at levels close to zero on the forecast horizon but be tighter than forecast in January (Graph 1.4). These estimates continue to be affected by significant uncertainty associated with geopolitical tensions, external financial conditions, Colombia’s electoral cycle, and the COVID-19 pandemic. External demand is now projected to grow at a slower pace than previously expected amid increased global inflationary pressures, high oil prices, and tighter international financial conditions than forecast in January. The Russian invasion of Ukraine and its inflationary effects on prices for oil and certain agricultural goods and inputs accentuated existing global inflationary pressures originating in supply restrictions and increased international costs. A decline in the supply of Russian oil, low inventory levels, and continued production limits on behalf of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies (OPEC+) can explain increased projected oil prices for 2022 (USD 100.8/barrel, previously USD 75.3) and 2023 (USD 86.8/barrel, previously USD 71.2). The forecast trajectory for the U.S. Federal Reserve (Fed) interest rate has increased for this and next year to reflect higher real and expected inflation and positive performance in the labormarket and economic activity. The normalization of monetary policy in various developed and emerging market economies, more persistent supply and cost shocks, and outbreaks of COVID-19 in some Asian countries contributed to a reduction in the average growth outlook for Colombia’s trade partners for 2022 (2.8%, previously 3.3%) and 2023 (2.4%, previously 2.6%). In this context, the projected path for Colombia’s risk premium increased, partly due to increased geopolitical global tensions, less expansionary monetary policy in the United States, an increase in perceived risk for emerging markets, and domestic factors such as accumulated macroeconomic imbalances and political uncertainty. Given all the above, external financial conditions are tighter than projected in January report. External forecasts and their impact on Colombia’s macroeconomic scenario continue to be affected by considerable uncertainty, given the unpredictability of both the conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the pandemic. The current macroeconomic scenario, characterized by high real inflation levels, forecast and expected inflation above 3%, and an output gap close to zero, suggests an increased risk of inflation expectations becoming unanchored. This scenario offers very limited space for expansionary monetary policy. Domestic demand has been more dynamic than projected in the January report and excess productive capacity would have tightened more quickly than anticipated. Headline and core inflation rose above expectations, reflecting more persistent and important external shocks on supply and costs. The Russian invasion of Ukraine accentuated supply restrictions and pressures on international costs. This partly explains the increase in the inflation forecast trajectory to levels above the target in the next two years. Inflation expectations increased again and are above 3%. All of this increased the risk of inflation expectations becoming unanchored and could generate indexation effects that move inflation still further from the target rate. This macroeconomic context also implies reduced space for expansionary monetary policy. 1.2 Monetary policy decision Banco de la República’s board of directors (BDBR) continues to adjust its monetary policy. In its meetings both in March and April of 2022, it decided by majority to increase the monetary policy rate by 100 basis points, bringing it to 6.0% (Graph 1.5).