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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Emergence'
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Wyss, Peter. "Reconsidering emergence." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429192.
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Otis, Roger W. "Realistic emergence /." Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10919.
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Brooke, Keith. "Genotopia : the emergence of story, the emergence of theme." Thesis, University of Essex, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510994.
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Ednie-Brown, Pia Hope, and pia@rmit edu au. "The aesthetics of emergence." RMIT University. Architecture and Design, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080804.161628.
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Principles of design composition are commonly understood to pertain to geometrical systems for arranging parts in assembling a formal whole. Connection to socio-cultural 'meaning' and relevance arguably occurs primarily via the assumed divinity or universality of these systems. In the contemporary architectural world, where explicitly held beliefs in fundamental, geometrically defined principles or values have dissipated, guiding principles of composition appear to be obsolete. This seems particularly true in relation to work that highlights process - or change, responsiveness, interactivity and adaptability - since this implies that the composition remains in flux and unable to be grounded in the composition of form. While processually inflected architecture (referred to here as 'processual architecture'), has been an active field since at least the 1960s, it has been significantly developed since design experiments involving digital computation intensified in t he 1990s. For this field of work, both highly celebrated and criticised as superficial or unethical, any connection to 'meaning' or value that might be offered by principles of composition would appear especially lost. This thesis reviews, counterpoises and reorients these assumptions, arguing a case for the value of processual architectural that has not been previously articulated. After the last 10 to 15 years of digital experimentation, it is clear that digital technology in itself is not the primary issue, but simply part of a complex equation. The thesis articulates this 'equation' through the model of emergence, which has been used in the field with increasing prominence in recent years. Through both practice-based research and theoretical development, a processually inflected theory of composition is proposed. This offers pathways through which the potential of processual architecture might be productively developed, aiming to open this field of work into a deeper engagement with pressing contemporary socio-political issues. The thesis demonstrates how the cultivation of particular modes of attention and engagement, found to hold an implicit but nevertheless amplified significance within processual architecture, make it possible to develop an embodied awareness pertaining to an 'ethico-aesthetic know-how'. This know-how is acquired and matured through attention to the affective dimensions that arise through design activity. The thesis highlight aspects of design process and products that are routinely suppressed in architectural discourse, generating new insights into the importance of affect for design process, design products and the relations between them. The ethical dimensions of such an approach become especially poignant through the explicit connection made between design activity and the practices of everyday life. Relationships between architecture and the social become re-energised, in a radically alternative manner to the social agendas of modernism or the more literary critiques of post-modernism. Through detailed discussions of the specific, local conditions with a series of design projects I have undertaken, I argue how and why close attention to the affective dimensions of design process offers new and productive ways to approach research through design practice. This offers a response to the calls for new 'post-critical' forms of research through empowering both sides of a previously held divide: theory and practice.
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Blitz, David. "Evolution, emergence and mind." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66021.
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MacTaggart, David. "Theoretical magnetic flux emergence." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1692.
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Magnetic flux emergence is the subject of how magnetic fields from the solar interior can rise and expand into the atmosphere to produce active regions. It is the link that joins dynamics in the convection zone with dynamics in the atmosphere. In this thesis, we study many aspects of magnetic flux emergence through mathematical modelling and computer simulations. Our primary aim is to understand the key physical processes that lie behind emergence. The first chapter introduces flux emergence and the theoretical framework, magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), that describes it. In the second chapter, we discuss the numerical techniques used to solve the highly non-linear problems that arise from flux emergence. The third chapter summarizes the current literature. In the fourth chapter, we consider how changing the geometry and parameter values of the initial magnetic field can affect the dynamic evolution of the emerging magnetic field. For an initial toroidal magnetic field, it is found that its axis can emerge to the corona if the tube’s initial field strength is large enough. The fifth chapter describes how flux emergence models can produce large-scale solar eruptions. A 2.5D model of the breakout model, using only dynamic flux emergence, fails to produce any large scale eruptions. A 3D model of toroidal emergence with an overlying magnetic field does, however, produce multiple large-scale eruptions and the form of these is related to the breakout model. The sixth chapter is concerned with signatures of flux emergence and how to identify emerging twisted magnetic structures correctly. Here, a flux emergence model produces signatures found in observations. The signatures from the model, however, have different underlying physical mechanisms to the original interpretations of the observations. The thesis concludes with some final thoughts on current trends in theoretical magnetic flux emergence and possible future directions.
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Buchta, Christian, David Meyer, Andreas Mild, Alexander Pfister, and Alfred Taudes. "The Emergence of Disruption." SFB Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2002. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1476/1/document.pdf.
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We study the influence of technological efficiency and organizational inertia on the emergence of competition when firms decide myopically. Using an agent-based computer simulation model, we observe the competitive reaction of a former monopolist to the advent of a new competitor. While the entrant uses a new technology, the monopolist is free either to stick to his former technology or to switch to the new one. We find that?irrespective of details regarding the demand side?a change of industry leadership occurs only if the new (?disruptive?) technology is not too efficient and organizations are inert. (author's abstract)Series: Working Papers SFB "Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science"
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de, Silva M. Shirantha. "Emergence in active networks." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2004. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14704.
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Any complex system may potentially exhibit unpredicted and undesirable behaviour as a result of certain combinations of input stimuli. An Active Network, being a communication network in which user requested operations are undertaken in the netwOIk nodes themselves, is a candidate to exhibit such behaviour. For example, resource utilisation will be influenced by the specific combination of activities triggered by the users and may develop undesirable characteristics such as a self-sustaining profile. Conventional simulation tools do not detect such characteristics. This thesis proposes a solution based on a Petri-Net model in which the resource utilisation of the Active Network is abstracted above the link level communication element. It is then suggested that a certain type of Emergence in resource utilisation may manifest itself as Self-Similarity. The Hurst Parameter (H) of the resource utilisation profile for each node in the network can then be used to identify the presence of this characteristic. The RlS Statistic is used to estimate sets of H values for a range of different Active Application scenarios. It is subsequently seen that a self-sustaining resource utilisation profile (termed a "Cascading Effect") occurs when a significant subset of the nodes display high values of H. This thesis takes the view that Emergence in Active Networks is a problem that has to be approached with a global comprehension of the system as opposed to the conventional approach of a piecemeal development of solutions. This view is reinforced by the hypothesis that an Active Network is a Complex System and Emergence is noncomplex self-organisation within it. It proposes that the high-level abstraction of the Active Network forms a view by which global comprehension can be obtained and is used for the detection of anomalous behaviour (Le. Emergence). The key enabler for self-organisation is proposed to be 'the resources' within the Active Network nodes and hence the detection technique was focused on the utilisation characteristics of these.
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Patterson, Matthew Bradley. "Emergence and causal powers." Thesis, Durham University, 2017. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12482/.
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This thesis is concerned with the theory of ontological emergence; a theory that posits a new kind of entity – usually an emergent property – that occurs in complex systems and can explain some system-level behaviour. The theory holds that these emergent entities are dependent on, but novel with respect to, the components of those systems. Such entities have been invoked to explain behaviours as diverse as symmetry breaking in molecular physics to the possibility of personal agency. As a metaphysical theory it is useful wherever there is a lack of understanding about how system-level behaviour can occur based on what we know about the parts of that system. Besides its usefulness, the theory, if true, would profoundly impact our understanding of fundamental ontology. The first half of this thesis aims to do three things: first, identify a problem that emergence can explain; second, identify what emergence must do in order to solve that problem; third, identify a theory of emergence capable of doing it. The first and second of these aims will require us to outline issues in fundamental ontology and metaphysical methodology that are critical to any assessment of the possibility of emergence. They both also require making some commitments on these issues. Among such commitments will be a commitment to an ontology of properties as causal powers. I argue that emergence is a theory of macro-properties and that the primary problem it solves is the Problem of Reduction. I thereafter defend the theory of causal powers emergence against charges that it is incoherent and inconsonant with science and natural unity; these and other conflicts are shown to be unproblematic once the theory is properly explicated. In these respects, this thesis finds no fault with the coherence of emergence. The key claims in the second half of the thesis instead pertain to the necessity of emergence to solve the problem that I have identified. The argument is that even if causal novelty, holistic effects and top-down causation are apparent in a system, a properly developed causal powers ontology can account for them without positing new fundamental properties. I develop an option called non-reductive inherence based on a theory of powers admitting a plurality of compositional principles. The thesis ends by expounding this alternative to emergence and setting out some of the trade-offs between the positions.
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Hirose, Yuta. "Technology venture emergence characterisation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273663.
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Technology entrepreneurs and managers aim to navigate emerging technology ventures and innovations towards successful commercialisation and business development, often over long periods of time. However, this is challenging due to high uncertainties associated with planning and navigating relevant market and business drivers, technological resources and capabilities, and applications. Failure to understand and manage these uncertainties appropriately can lead to undesired consequences and poor outcomes in the realisation of value creation and capture. This research firstly built a knowledge base of technology ventures by conducting a literature review, enabling the development of a conceptual retrospective roadmapping framework as the basis for characterising the emergence of technology ventures. This leads to an analysis of 13 case studies, characterising phases, transitions, patterns, enablers and barriers associated with the emergence of technology ventures. A conceptual model, the so-called ‘emergence archetypes’, was then developed by conducting an in-depth analysis with a further 19 case studies. The concept provides practical insights regarding how emerging technology ventures can be exposed to different levels of technological and market uncertainties along the journey of technology commercialisation and business development. Finally, a strategy visualisation tool and process have been designed based on the research outputs, and a focus group was then conducted with industrial practitioners to review and evaluate the research outputs for practical use in industry. In total, 32 case studies and a focus group have been conducted in the United Kingdom, The Netherlands, Japan, Australia and the United States. Overall, this research demonstrates that characterising technology venture emergence, by applying roadmapping principles, provides significant implications for both researchers and practitioners of strategy and innovation. Success or failure of emerging technology ventures, in terms of value creation and capture, is not only directly related to products or services, but more broadly to the innovation systems in which the technology ventures operate. By demonstrating the characterisation of technology venture emergence, the conceptualisation of emergence archetypes and the strategy visualisation tool and process development, this research shows that applying roadmapping is an appropriate method to characterise and improve emerging technology venturing practices, supporting value creation and capture.
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Seevinck, Jennifer. "Emergence in interactive art." Thesis, University of Technology, Sydney, 2011.
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This thesis is concerned with creating and evaluating interactive art systems that facilitate emergent participant experiences. For the purposes of this research, interactive art is the computer based arts involving physical participation from the audience, while emergence is when a new form or concept appears that was not directly implied by the context from which it arose. This emergent ‘whole’ is more than a simple sum of its parts. The research aims to develop understanding of the nature of emergent experiences that might arise during participant interaction with interactive art systems. It also aims to understand the design issues surrounding the creation of these systems.
The approach used is Practice-based, integrating practice, evaluation and theoretical research.
Practice used methods from Reflection-in-action and Iterative design to create two interactive art systems: Glass Pond and +-now. Creation of +-now resulted in a novel method for instantiating emergent shapes. Both art works were also evaluated in exploratory studies. In addition, a main study with 30 participants was conducted on participant interaction with +-now. These sessions were video recorded and participants were interviewed about their experience. Recordings were transcribed and analysed using Grounded theory methods. Emergent participant experiences were identified and classified using a taxonomy of emergence in interactive art. This taxonomy draws on theoretical research.
The outcomes of this Practice-based research are summarised as follows. Two interactive art systems, where the second work clearly facilitates emergent interaction, were created. Their creation involved the development of a novel method for instantiating emergent shapes and it informed aesthetic and design issues surrounding interactive art systems for emergence. A taxonomy of emergence in interactive art was also created. Other outcomes are the evaluation findings about participant experiences, including different types of emergence experienced and the coding schemes produced during data analysis.
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Thomas, Llewellyn. "Ecosystem emergence : an investigation of the emergence processes of six digital service ecosystems." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/18315.
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This thesis investigates processes of ecosystem emergence. Ecosystem research has thus far focused on understanding the structure and dynamics of already existing ecosystems. However much less attention has been devoted to the emergence of ecosystems. I first theoretically develop an institutional approach to ecosystems, arguing that the ecosystem is an organisational field which has value co-creation as its recognised area of institutional life. Synthesising the theories of dominant design, social movements, and institutional entrepreneurship, I identify four activities that drive the processes of ecosystem emergence: resource, technological, institutional and contextual activities. Empirically, I compare the emergence sequences of six digital service ecosystems – Amazon, eBay, Facebook, Google, Salesforce and Wikipedia – using a narrative explanation methodology, applying event colligation, optimal matching, direct inspection, frequency analysis and an innovative statistical bootstrapping technique. I find that emergence sequences of each case are significantly dissimilar and that there are three phases of emergence – Initiation, Momentum, Control. The first of these phases is similar across cases, but subsequent phases exhibit increasing dissimilarity as the ecosystem evolves and takes on idiosyncratic characteristics. To explain these findings, I develop an ecosystem perspective that explicitly integrates value co-creation processes as an important regulator of the evolution of ecosystems. I suggest that idiosyncratic logics of value co-creation result in differing value creation processes. I show that the three distinct phases of ecosystem emergence form a coherent, distinctive whole when considered from the perspective of value co-creation. Emphasising that value appropriated must first be co-created, I propose the ‘ecosystem model’ as an analytic tool to better conceptualise value co-creation and appropriation in ecosystems. I discuss the implications of these contributions for ecosystem research, institutional theory, and strategic management practice.
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Scott, Bernadette. "Graduate employability, managing talent and emergence theory : the concept of emergent graduate talent." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.726748.
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Kopec, David M., Jeffrey J. Gilbert, D. P. Jensen, and Michael Bates. "Summer Applied Pre-Emergence Herbicides to Prevent Poa annua Emergence on Fall Overseeded Turf." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216361.
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Ronstar and Barricade herbicides were applied to bermudagrass prior to overseeding with perennial ryegrass. For the initial establishment of fall overseeded bermudagrass with perennial ryegrass, Barricade and Ronstar both showed decrease in establishment at thirty days after overseeding (October 26) when compared to the controls. Reductions in turfgrass density after overseeding were realized by all pre-emergence treatments in the mid to late fall, depending on the specific treatment. Ronstar applied in one application at 2.0 lbs AI/A noticeably reduced visual density at 30 and 65 days after overseeding, regardless of the application timing ( 6 vs. 8 weeks) before overseeding. Reductions in turfgrass quality paralleled the reduction in density. Barricade applied at 0.75 lbs AI/A at 6 WBOS showed decreased quality at 30 and 65 days after overseeding. This same treatment caused a noticeable decrease in overall plot density at thirty days after overseeding. At 65 days after overseeding (November 30), quality was not quite fully acceptable (quality mean = 5.8), but acceptable density was achieved (mean density = 6.3). Poa annua (PA) established itself quickly. By November 30 (65 days after overseeding) overseeded- untreated control plots had between 67%-77% Poa annua present. The maximum rate of PA control for Ronstar in March was 74% (showing 15% Poa plot cover) and 61% in April (34% Poa plot cover). This occurred for the 2.0 lb AI/A at 8 WBOS treatment, which was similar to the same rate applied 6 WBOS. Split sequence applications (pre and post) of Ronstar produced low PA control (28%-50%) over the season as measured, when compared to single applications which achieved the same 2 lbs AI/A rate. The greatest amount of PA control was achieved by Barricade applied at 0.75 lb AI/A at 6 WAOS (86%-94% control). No treatment achieved 95% control of PA on a season long basis. Poa pressure at the test site was uniform and heavy.
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Karthikeyan, Subramanian. "The emergence of degradative biofilms." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0029/NQ63886.pdf.
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Ehrat, David N. "Dialect emergence in Waumandee English." Oxford Bern Berlin Bruxelles Frankfurt, M. New York, NY Wien Lang, 2005. http://d-nb.info/98781608X/04.
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Bouchard, David S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Embodied emergence : distributed computing manipulatives." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41743.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-67).
Distributed systems and the emergent properties that can arise out of simple localized interactions have fascinated scientists and artists alike for the last century. They challenge the notions of control and creativity, producing outcomes that can be beautiful, engaging and surprising at the same time. While extensive work has been done using computer simulations of such systems in fields like artificial life and generative art, their physically embodied counterparts are still in their infancy, in part due to the complexity of building and deploying such systems. In this thesis, I will discuss how simple tangible nodes can enable playful and creative experimentation with the concept of emergent behavior. Specifically, I will address how embodied interaction scenarios involving parallel systems can be implemented and how a range of sensing and actuating possibilities can be leveraged to generate novel and engaging experiences for the end users. In particular, the use of sound will be explored as a medium for representation. Finally, I will argue that there is value in making the transition from software simulations to a situated and manipulable instantiation of these concepts, both for the designer of a system and its users.
by David Bouchard.
S.M.
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Ziolo, Michael Paul. "Psychohistory : emergence, theory and applications." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417176.
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Maitland, Roger. "Exploring emergence in corporate sustainability." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31139.
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As the impacts of climate change intensify, businesses are increasingly committing to ambitious sustainable development goals, yet an enduring disconnect remains between corporate sustainability activities and declining global environment and society. This study adopts a complexity view that reductionism associated with Newtonian thinking has played a key role in creating many of the sustainability issues now faced by humanity. This dissertation departs from the premise that sustainability needs to be integrated into an organisation and uses a complexity view to argue that corporate sustainability is a co-evolutionary process of emergence. Whilst many studies have examined how sustainability can be integrated into a business, less is known about corporate sustainability as an emergent process. To address the knowledge gap, this research answered three questions: (1) How does sustainability emerge in financial institutions? (2) What is the role of coherence in the emergence of sustainability? and (3) What conditions enable the emergence of sustainability? A mixed method sequential design was used. In the initial quantitative strand of the research, a holistic business assessment survey based on integral theory was implemented in two financial services organisations in Southern Africa. The results were analysed using self-organising maps and explored in narrative interviews in the subsequent qualitative strand of the research. The study makes three contributions to our understanding of emergence in corporate sustainability. First, by proposing four modes by which corporate sustainability is enacted; these elucidate how integral domains are enacted in corporate sustainability. Second, by clarifying the process of emergence by articulating how zones of coherence emerge between embodied and embedded dimensions. Third, by explaining how the shift to corporate sustainability occurs by means of four conditions. These contributions serve to advance our understanding of corporate sustainability as a fundamental shift in the functioning of an organisation towards coevolutionary self-organisation. It is recommended that corporate sustainability is holistically cultivated to support emergence and self-organisation, rather than being integrated through a linear process of change.
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Morita, Kohei. "Model Relative Emergence in Physics." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253017.
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Tucker, Zoe. "Emergence and Complexity in Music." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/hmc_theses/101.
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How can we apply mathematical notions of complexity and emergence to music, and how can these mathematical ideas then inspire new musical works? Using Steve Reich's Clapping Music as a starting point, we look for emergent patterns in music by considering cases where a piece's complexity is significantly different from the total complexity of each of the individual parts. Definitions of complexity inspired by information theory, data compression, and musical practice are considered. We also consider the number of distinct musical pieces that could be composed in the same manner as Clapping Music. Finally, we present a new musical compositions to demonstrate some of these ideas.
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Bartlett, Brendan C. "Norm emergence and humanitarian intervention." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2008/Dec/08Dec%5FBartlett.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Defense Decision-Making))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2008.Thesis Advisor(s): Clunan, Anne. "December 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 29, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-141). Also available in print.
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Dale, Laura. "A simple study of emergence." Tallahassee, Fla. : Florida State University, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/lib/digcoll/undergraduate/honors-theses/244595.
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Thesis (Honors paper)--Florida State University, 2009.Advisor: Terri Lindbloom, Florida State University, College of Visual Arts, Theatre and Dance, Dept. of Art. Includes bibliographical references.
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Mielke, Jeff. "The emergence of distinctive features." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1092833440.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.Document formatted into pages; contains xxi, 371 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 324-371). Abstract available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center; full text release delayed at author's request until 2007 Aug. 18.
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Anderson, Gilma Yannet. "Emotional intelligence and leadership emergence." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3172.
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The study looked at how emotional intelligence helps leaders meet the needs of their team. In order to be successful, teams need to exist in an environment that is burn-out preventative and fosters creativity. It was hypothesized that leaders would help meet these needs by creating an unthreatening work environment. Data was gathered from 391 individuals working in existing self-managed work teams in private and public sectors. The hypothesized model was tested using a multilevel analysis approach of structural equation modeling. Results indicated that a leader's emotional intelligence predicts a non-threatening work environment for both between and within teams, thus allowing for self-managing work teams to be more creative and burn-out preventative.
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Yezdani, Omer. "Toward a Theory of Emergence: The Role of Social Influence in Emergent Self-Organisation." Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/380295.
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The creation of perpetual novelty has long puzzled organisational theorists, scientists and philosophers. Over the last 100 years, numerous strands of inquiry have woven together to form a superstructure of ideas, concepts and principles known as complexity theory, to understand the spontaneous emergence or order. The study of complex systems has given rise to many empirical advances, including a deeper understanding of time, evolution, and the organisation of living systems. Despite being surrounded by complexity, the real-world application in organisational theory appears to have gained only few of its potential benefits. Furthermore, prior studies have failed to produce a theory for emergent self-organisation, its anchor-point phenomenon. After many years of direct theory to phenomena translations, this study reveals their tenuous link to root theory and numerous gaps in the existing body of knowledge to translate central ideas of complexity to applied social science.
In organisations faced with considerable uncertainty and responsibility for the control of immense resources, it is surprising to find an emergent, iterative approach is ingrained within key strategic activities. In an uncertain global climate, a better understanding of the capacity to adapt without explicit plans or centralised coordination could not be more timely or important. Human social systems and the mechanics of their organisation is one of the most pervasive topics of applied social science, leadership and management, and has relevance to almost all economic, political and social research that concerns dynamic interaction between people.
Drawing on pragmatic foundations, this study explores how complex organisations adapt through emergent self-organisation, with a focus on the role of social influence between agents. The study argues that social influence is a principal mechanism for energetic transfer in complex human social systems. The study examines two primary research questions, concerning: the function, and process of emergence in human social systems. Furthermore, the role emergence plays in adapting to new or acute pressures, and the general process for such a mechanism. An interview driven, multiple case study approach is used to observe the interactions and behaviours of agents within complex systems.
Data collection and analysis is without parallel in both cases, comprised of 47 interviews and over 3.2 million transcribed words. Case one focuses on the operation of Wivenhoe Dam during the Brisbane Floods Crisis of 2011, Case two examines the actions of seven investment firms at the epicentre of the Subprime Mortgage Crisis in late 2008.
The case study approach has yielded rich analysis and findings, applicable to similar firms in times of turbulence. Findings reveal a distinctly emergent process of decision making in structured organisations, and a surprising method of post hoc strategy labelling, where structural inertia has perverse impacts on risk intensification, irreversibility and the amplification of small change. Analysis extrapolates the mechanics of amplification associated with the use of structured investment products, collateralisation and bundling of risky assets, generating increased risk velocity and the erosion of strategic choice. Findings deliver a practical application of downward causation, and many recursive theoretical developments, with regard to autonomy, information coupling, sustainability and immunity of emergent, self-organising forms and the role of information and people in groups. Findings shed a number of new insights into the anatomy of crisis that unfolded in both cases, and areas for potential improvement in the practical application of theory and research outcomes. Over 40 unique contributions to the body of knowledge are noted.
The findings of this study have several important implications, to aid a more comprehensive understanding of the latent potential for emergent self-organisation in human social organisation. The study develops and proposes further sophistication and robustness in methods to continue research into complex phenomena within the field of applied social science research. The study explores warning signals, systemic risk factors, and their relationship to leadership, management and corporate strategy. While the findings of this study contribute to the body of knowledge, further research is proposed through a research extension agenda. Following the extensive review of literature and presentation of findings, the study concludes a theory of emergence is in a nascent state, and is not yet fully developed, refined or tested. This study makes a contribution toward a theory of emergence, in particular to better understand the function and process of influence in complex human social systems.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Dept Intnl Bus&Asian Studies
Griffith Business School
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Tříšková, Petra. "Emergentní chování v komplexních informačních systémech." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124693.
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This thesis concerns with both practical and theoretical aspects of phenomenon called Emergence. First part has been devoted to the research of available specialized resources on emergent topic and also on main features of complex systems. Acquired knowledge of two topics has been implemented on a real practical example of complex information system by creation of method which purpose is to help finding and determining emergent behavior. Last part of the thesis brings outcome of analysis of real system and discusses the recommendations for researchers on how to determine emergent behavior in their own systems.
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Sill, David W., Barry Tickes, and Lisa A. Carey. "Field Emergence and Seedling Growth of Lettuce as Affected by Pre-Plant/Pre-Emergent Herbicides." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221599.
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Pre plant and pre- emergence herbicides are commonly used in lettuce production. We investigated possible effects the herbicides benefin (Balan), pronamide (Kerb) and bensulfide (Prefar) had on emergence and seedling growth of several iceberg lettuce varieties that had been primed and pelleted by seed enhancement companies The herbicide Prefar and a mixture of Balan + Prefar had the greatest impact on dry weight regardless of variety, while seedlings grown on Kerby plots were not significantly different than seedlings from untreated plots. Dry weight accumulation and field emergence were influenced significantly by pellet types and priming methods.
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Fortuny, Andreu Jordi. "Emergence of Order in Syntax, The." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2091.
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The syntactic component of the faculty of language is a device responsible for ordering features or clusters of features, usually called categories. As to the syntactic component is concerned, Universal Grammar is a rewiring of three elements that are independently in place: (i) features (or instructions for the levels of interpretation of the faculty of language), (ii) a combinatorial operation responsible for creating nests (sets of sets linearly ordered by the inclusion relation), and (iii) principles of analysis (which determine constituency structure and distance relations among the categories of a syntactic object). To understand the precise shape of syntactic patterns one must explore how the syntactic component feeds the morphological component and the semantic component. Firstly, it is proposed that there exist discontinuous syntactic patterns, where two covariations of a feature are assigned to two poles of a discontinuous domain. Secondly, it is argued that, in general, the semantic component requires analytic syntactic patterns with a one-to-one relation between positions and features; some combinatorial restrictions have been attributed to the Full Interpretation Condition, a legibility condition. Indeed, discontinuous syntactic patterns are argued to be no more than a subtype of analytic syntactic patterns. Thirdly, it is defended that syncretic syntactic patterns, where two features are matched in the same projection, also exist, following the Maximize Matching Effects Principle, a principle of structural minimization. The study of how features are ordered in these patterns has provided a rather simple account of several syntactic phenomena, like some of the combinatorial restrictions observed by Cinque (1999), the so-called C-Infl connection (and also the υ-V and the P-K connections), the A'-status of preverbal subjects in Null Subject Languages (Solà 1992), the alleviation of wh-island effect in English when the embedded wh-phrase is a subject (Chomsky 1986) and the dynamic V2 patterns in double agreement dialects observed by Zwart (1993).
Some ideas that would deserve further attention have been proposed: (i) the C-Infl discontinuity may contract in English under some special circumstances, which renders Comp-insertion impossible, and (ii) the Relativized Opacity Principle, an alternative to Chomsky's Phase Impenetrability Condition to account both for subject islands and wh-islands. Several devices postulated in the literature, such as suicidal greed and the existence of uninterpretable features, the Extended Projection Principle and merely occurrential features (EPP/OCC) and the Vacuous Movement hypothesis, have been considered concluding that they are inaccurate and unnecessary. Importantly, no language-or-construction-specific rules redundant in its form (Chomsky 1965) or no abstract template like the X'-theory (Chomsky 1981, Chomsky & Lasnik 1993) need to be attributed to UG to derive the knowledge of hierarchy; the Linear Correspondence Axiom (Kayne 1994) neither needs to be postulated as an axiom: it is not a proposition one needs to take for granted to derive other propositions, namely the X'-theory. No more than a recursive procedure responsible for nesting categories is needed to account for the knowledge of hierarchy.
El component sintàctic de la facultat del llenguatge és un mecanisme responsable d'ordenar trets o conglomerats de trets, normalment anomenats categories. La Gramàtica Universal, pel que fa al component sintàctic, és una reconnexió de tres elements que estan independentment en joc: (i) trets (o instruccions pels nivells d'interpretació de la facultat del llenguatge), (ii) una operació combinatorial responsable de crear nius (conjunts de conjunts linealment ordenats per la relació d'inclusió), i (iii) principis d'anàlisi (que determinen l'estructura de constituents i les relacions a distància entre les categories d'un objecte sintàctic).
Per entendre la forma precisa d'un patró sintàctic cal explorar com el component sintàctic alimenta els components morfològic i semàntic. En primer lloc, s'ha proposat que existeixen patrons sintàctics discontinus, on dues covariacions d'un tret s'assignen a dos pols d'un domini discontinu. En segon lloc, hem defensat que, en general, el component semàntic requereix patrons sintàctics analítics amb una relació bijectiva entre posicions i trets; certes restriccions combinatorials s'han atribuït a la Full Interpretation Condition, una condició de legibilitat. De fet, s'ha argumentat que els patrons sintàctics discontinus no són altra cosa que un subtipus de patrons sintàctics analítics. En tercer lloc, s'ha argumentat que també existeixen objects sintàctics sincrètics, on dos trets es computen a una mateixa projecció, satisfent la Maximize Matching Effects Principle, un principi de minimització estructural. L'estudi de com els trets s'ordenen en aquests tres patrons obeint la Full Interpretation Condition i el Maximize Matching Effects Principle ha proporcionat una explicació força simple de diversos fenòmens sintàctics, com certes restriccions combinatorials observades per Cinque (1999), l'anomenat lligam C-Infl (i també els lligams υ-V i P-K), l'estatus A' dels subjectes preverbals en llengües de subjecte nul (Solà 1992), l'alleujament dels efectes d'illa-qu quan el sintagma-qu subordinat és un subjecte (Chomsky 1986) i els patrons dinàmics de V2 observats per Zwart (1993).
S'han expressat certes idees que s'han d'investigar amb més cura: (i) la discontinuïtat C-Infl es pot contraure en anglès en certes circumstàncies especials, fent impossible la inserció de complementador, i (ii) el Relativized Opacity Principle, una alternativa a la Phase Impenetrability Condition, per explicar les illes de subjecte i les illes-qu. S'han considerat diverses propostes que es troben a la literatura, com la teoria de comprovació i l'existència de trets no-interpretables, el Principi de Projecció Ampliada i els trets merament ocurrencials (EPP/OCC), i la Hipòtesi del Moviment Vacu, concluent que són poc acurades i innecessàries. És important notar que no cal postul·lar regles específiques que varien segons la llengua o la construcció i redundants en la forma (Chomsky 1965), ni cap esquema abstracte com la teoria de la X' (Chomsky 1981, Chomsky & Lasnik 1993) per derivar el coneixement de la jerarquia; tampoc cal postul·lar el Linear Correspondence Axiom (Kayne 1994), ja que no és necessari per derivar la teoria de la X'. Per donar compte de la jerarquia, no cal res més que un mecanisme responsable d'enniuar categories.
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Falck, Oliver. "Emergence and survival of new businesses." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:105-158031.
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Die Gründung und das Überleben neuer Unternehmen sind von individuellen, regionalen und sektoralen Faktoren abhängig. Die ökonometrische Analyse dieser Zusammenhänge mit Hilfe multidimensionaler Ansätze setzt die Verfügbarkeit stark regional und sektoral disaggregierter Daten voraus, die in einer entsprechend langen Zeitreihe vorliegen müssen. Anhand der Betriebsdatei der Beschäftigtenstatistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit und des IAB Betriebspanels analysiert die vorliegende Arbeit Gründungen und deren Überleben in Westdeutschland von 1983 bis 2002. Langlebige, innovative Unternehmensgründungen spielen im Marktselektionsprozess eine herausragende Rolle und sind ein wichtiger Impulsgeber für das Wirtschaftswachstum. Das Gründungsgeschehen variiert beträchtlich zwischen Regionen und Branchen. Nur ein Bruchteil der Gründungen einer Gründungskohorte überlebt langfristig. Die Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit neu gegründeter Unternehmen wird neben der Verfügbarkeit von finanziellen Ressourcen und Wissen insbesondere durch das regionale und sektorale Umfeld beeinflusst.
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Busse, Marc. "Emergence and dynamics of pointer states." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-115853.
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Walker, Rebecca, and n/a. "The emergence of the representational mind." University of Otago. Department of Psychology, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20061106.161621.
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Theory of mind has been described in philosophical and psychological literature as "folk psychology", and is the tacit understanding that our behaviour is driven by our thoughts, desires and beliefs (Wellman, Cross, & Watson, 2001). Children are widely considered to have attained theory of mind understanding when they are able to pass the test of false belief understanding devised by Wimmer and Perner (1983), at around 4 years of age. There are many theories as to how a child comes to hold a folk psychology, including innate modularism (Leslie, 1987, 1988, 1994), theory change (Gopnik & Wellman 1992), developing representational understanding (Perner, 1991, 1995, 2000), and experiential understanding developed in a socio-linguisitic context (Nelson, 1996). In addition, theory of mind has been linked to the development of symbolic understanding (Deloache & Smith, 1999; Perner, 1991), pretend play (Leslie, 1987; Taylor & Carlson, 1997; Youngblade & Dunn, 1993), language (Astington & Jenkins, 1999; Nelson, 1996; Olson, 1988) and executive function (e.g. Hughes, 1998a; Kochanska et al., 1996; Reed et al., 1984). The present study sought to bring together these diverse findings and to attempt to provide an integrated account of the emergence of theory of mind understanding during the preschool years. Sixty-four New Zealand children were assessed on their mental state understanding, deceptive abilities, symbolic functioning, language, and executive skills, when they were aged 30, 36, 42 and 48 months of age.
There were a number of key findings in the present study. Language was a powerful predictor of false belief performance both within and across time, and was also related to many of the other variables included in the study. Performance on the scale model test of symbolic functioning was related across time to children�s concurrent and later false belief understanding. Scale model performance was also intertwined in a bidirectional relationship with language, and language appeared to play an increasingly important role in mediating the relationship with false belief understanding across time. False belief understanding and scale model performance were also related within and across time to executive function. There was evidence to suggest that the importance of working memory was due to its role in conflict inhibition. Although deception has sometimes been posited to be a precocious manifestation of theory of mind (Chandler, Fritz, & Hala, 1989), in the present study deceptive ability lagged false belief understanding. Furthermore, false belief understanding was related to children�s subsequent (but not earlier) responses to a protagonist�s intention. This supports the hypothesis that false belief understanding allows a qualitative change in the execution of deception, whereby children can move from simple physical strategies to more sophisticated mentalist strategies. Overall, the present study provides some evidence to suggest that symbolic functioning, language, and later theory of mind may form part of a single developing skill set of symbolic representation. In dynamic interaction with social understanding, and supported by cognitive abilities such as executive function, and the socio-linguistic context, it is argued that understanding of one�s own and other minds emerges. Children�s ability to solve the false belief problem at 4 years of age is presented as a milestone on a developmental continuum of social understanding.
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Brenner, Phyllis Ann. "The emergence of the English contralto /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1989. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/10909540.
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Thesis (Ed.D)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1989.Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Includes appendices. Sponsor: Hal Abeles. Dissertation Committee: Robert Pace. Bibliography: leaves 195-212.
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Gallaway, C. "The emergence of 'a' and 'the'." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380360.
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Jackson, Chris. "Topology emergence in networks-on-chip." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.573910.
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We introduce a technique that allows the topology of a Network-on-Chip (NoC) to reconfigure continuously at runtime. Existing approaches have permitted reconfiguration between execu- tions of statically analysed applications. Starting from a regular mesh topology, our technique allows the network to adapt to a traffic pattern in order to reduce router activity and the average hop count of packets. We apply the concept of emergence so that macro-scale topology reconfig- , urations emerge as a consequence of repeatedly applying micro-scale rules at individual nodes. Our method utilises simple distributed single-hop message passing. This allows the technique to scale to arbitrary size networks with no extra logic cost or increased latency in reconfiguration. This is inspired by emergent goal-oriented networks, where global optimisations are produced by micro-scale reconfigurations. We believe that emergent processes are an efficient and scalable method of managing in- terconnect resources in large parallel systems. We present an architecture that reorganises the logical structure of the network as an example of the global optimisations that can be achieved using emergence. Each node of the network acts independently, applying a set of micro-rules that perform an analysis of local traffic to choose when to place or remove a local topology micro-reconfiguration known as a Skip-link. A set of placement rules limit the extent to which the topology may be deformed and are enforced by relaying topology changes to directly adjacent nodes, The bandwidth used by these communications is negligible. A new routing algorithm, Topology Adaptive Routing (TAR), is presented, In addition, asynchronous circuits to ensure packet ordering and synchronisation when placing a Skip-link are described, The system is evaluated using software simulation and a range of traffic types. Traditional permutation traffic is used to establish worst-case performance and a mono-fractal traffic synthesis model is used to generate traffic that resembles that of real applications. We compare the performance of a Skip-link enabled network with a standard mesh using Dimension Order Routing (DOR) and show that latency and energy reductions can be achieved over a static topology. The relationship between reduced average hop-count and critical load is investigated. In networks of up to 256 nodes, we achieve logical hop savings of up to 18% and critical load improvements of up to 33%. Per-flit energy savings of around 10% are also achieved. We also demonstrate that hop reductions increase with the size of the network.
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McDonald, Diane. "Understanding emergence : a pragmatic interdisciplinary approach." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2009. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21953.
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Emergence is a concept which has been the subject of resurgent interest in recent years. The term is often used to describe the appearance of new macro-level properties or capabilities, which are not manifest in the individual micro-level components. Equally, it is associated with irreducibility of explanation, novelty and downward causation. Despite a long history, during which the concept has been adopted by different disciplines, there is little agreement on the real nature of emergence. This, I claim, is due to different philosophical and disciplinary perspectives as well as some lack of conceptual clarity. The aim of this thesis is not to resolve the extremely hard problem of what emergence is; rather it is to provide clearer insight into the nature of emergence. The thesis is therefore conceptual and analytical in nature. The focus of the research is pragmatic investigation of the different perspectives, apparent disputes and real-world examples associated with emergence, in order to improve understanding of both the concept and instances of emergence. My thesis is that emergence is usefully conceptualised as fuzzy with three 'dimensions' - ontological, epistemological and complexity. This leads to the proposal of a typology of emergence which supports interdisciplinary discourse on the subject and a method of defining emergence in differing contexts. Both of these, it is argued, are vital to the development of shared meaning and the ability to engage in analytical discourse across the sphere of influence for emergence. The final proposal is a framework for investigation of real-world emergents which, while neutral to disciplinary or philosophical stances, enables exploration of the key of emergents. Together, the proposals provide a conceptual scaffold for understanding both the concept and instances of emergence. This claim is assessed through consideration of classical putative emergents and real learning communities.
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Boucher, Romagne Hoyt. "Creative breakthrough emergence| A conversational accomplishment." Thesis, Fielding Graduate University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3642065.
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Many people, organizations, institutions, and governments want and need to generate creative breakthroughs and foster creativity, but are not aware of what conversational conditions make their occurrence more likely. The creative collaborative process is dependent upon communication. There have been few studies that have analyzed in situ group creativity with a robust communication theory capable of showing what actual kinds of conversations create new and useful meaning. The purpose of this research was to identify conversational conditions that facilitate creative breakthroughs in collaborative workgroups.
A case study is presented of a 4-month creative collaboration between members of a design consultancy and a senior university design class tasked with designing 21st century communication products for a well-known greeting-card company client. The research design utilized a social constructionist communication theory, the coordinated management of meaning, (CMM). Creative breakthrough moments were identified in three different interactions from questionnaires and videotaped data. Reflective interviews of all the participants also enabled insight into the creative breakthrough moments and the narrative process that developed new meaning. The videotaped conversational patterns that produced those creative breakthrough moments were then recursively examined and analyzed with conversational analysis, CMM research methodology, and figurative language. Six specific conversational conditions were discerned as present in creative breakthrough emergence.
A reflexive pattern of critique, relationship, responsibility, idea generation, and reframing authorship enabled participants to co-evolve design narratives that made new meaning. Creative breakthroughs and new creative meaning emerged from an improvisational structure of six specific conversational conditions. By participating within this improvisational structure, group members utilized critique as a creative springboard for innovation and took fresh perspectives. These findings are counter to the dominant themes in design and sociocultural literature that nonjudgmental conditions, brainstorming, and individuals building on input are the main pathways for creativity.
Key Words: Creative breakthrough, conversational conditions, facilitate, in vivo collaborative workgroups, relational responsibility moves, new meaning-making, improvisational language structure, figurative language, CMM, social constructionist communication theory, creative and generous listening, creative collaboration
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Chow, Wen Chong Julian. "Capability delivery with fog of emergence." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/37601.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedA proposed capability delivery ontology with fog of emergence provides a language construct to relate how the processes and parts of a notional capability delivery system incrementally produce and refine a capability through well-known life cycle phases. The natural propensity for capability delivery organizations to perform these life cycle activities using intended missions and requirements instead of as-deployed missions and emergent traits give rise to the fog of emergence that obscures the organizations perception of the capability as it is taken through its life cycle. Through capability delivery ontology, the embedded fog of emergence is used as a prism to separate the white light of capability performance into its constituent colors of as needed, as-planned, as-known, and as-deployed perceived by the capability delivery organizations.
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Schostak, J. F. "Education and the emergence of individuality." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356613.
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Foley, James Jardine. "Emergence of the Scottish economic imaginary." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23497.
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Scotland’s economic capacity to prosper independently of Britain has become a key political issue, dominating the independence referendum of 2014 and continuing to influence British politics since. Often, that debate centres on the contested terms of how we imagine or construct Scotland as an economic entity. Thus, it offers a major opportunity to study the broader issue in critical social science of how economies are “imagined”. However, to date most studies of Scotland’s economy comes from the discipline of economics or from the policy profession. This study aims to address this gap. It highlights the comparatively recent history of professional interest in the Scottish economy; asks what these professionals are “doing” or “constructing”; and looks at how this influences Scotland’s conformity with and deviance from mainstream British politics. Using Jessop’s concept of “economic imaginary”, and drawing on cultural political economy, I thus examine the current Scottish economic debate’s conditions of possibility. These include the emergence of British regional policy, the discovery of North Sea oil, discourses of competitive regions in Europe and the elective affinities between devolution and “enterprise”. I pay particular attention to a general shift in attitudes away from top-down plans to equalise growth across Britain to a focus on the “spirit” of enterprising regions. My research used critical discourse analysis to analyse 100 key documents that played important roles in or highlight key issues in Scottish economic development. I also drew on 23 in-depth semi-structured interviews with professionals and journalists. My original contribution is to examine the path-shaping role of Scotland’s economic imaginary, how choices were made and how alternative paths were closed off. By looking at one contested case, we can gain insights into broader imaginative processes in national and regional economies.
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Xu, Sheila Zhi. "The emergence of a deaf economy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90193.
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Thesis: S.B. in Science in Humanities and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Science, Technology and Society, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 52-53).
Introduction: The "deaf economy" is an emerging, new niche economic system taking shape within deaf communities globally. My research attempts to understand and describe the relationship of economic networks of deaf businesses, entrepreneurs, employees, and customers embedded in the "deaf economy." I came to discover that many social-cultural aspects of the deaf communities in my research, such as social ties and attitudes of solidarity, are one of the driving forces behind the "deaf economy." There were some studies done about the employment of the deaf in both United States and Europe in the past years. There are also few research studies done on the phenomenon of American deaf business-owners and entrepreneurs, but that was not the case for European deaf business-owners and entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship has become a popular concept and research topic today in the mainstream society. However, there is very little research into entrepreneurship within the deaf communities. Hence, there is not much understanding of how the government, institutions, and other people could advocate for entrepreneurism within the deaf communities, especially in the United States and Europe. Despite such little information, in the last few decades, there has been a substantial increase in employment and education of the deaf in both United States and Europe, which also incidentally shows an increase in phenomenon of deaf business-owners and entrepreneurs. However, I believe there is virtually no research into the concept of the "deaf economy", an economic network of deaf businesses, employees, and consumers. In 2012 and 2013, I was looking for a possible research topic on the deaf population for my summer projects. By chance, in 2012, I had happened to come across Professor W. Scot Atkins's dissertation on the lived experiences of fourteen American deaf entrepreneurs.1 Professor Atkins is currently a Rochester Institute of Technology business professor interested in deaf entrepreneurism. In our email correspondence, he had indicated the need for research into the concept of the "deaf economy," so I had decided to take on the initiative to answer this simple research question: "What is the deaf economy?" Secondary questions include: "What are the composition and attributes of the 'deaf economy' for Europe? How does it compare to American 'deaf economy'?" In order to answer those questions, I have selected certain sites of my case studies in different geographic locations using a qualitative or ethnographic approach: California and Las Vegas, Nevada (United States) and London, France, and Bulgaria (Europe). Also, I was hoping to discover the premises of the "deaf economy" similar to the concept of an "ethnic economic enclave" and conduct a short comparative analysis between the United States and Europe at the conclusion of the research. My research focuses only on the "deaf economy" of first-world, developed, capitalistic countries, such as the United States and England/France. I also had time constraints, since all of my research was done during summer vacations, so I was not able to go in-depth as much as I wanted to. Also, during my fieldwork, I came to realization that the "deaf economy" is a very broad topic and encompasses wide range of areas worthy of further examination in the future. My qualitative research is by no means rigorous as a dissertation research would be. Also, it is based on my own selected interviews and field observations, so my research may or may not be generalizable, especially if my research were to be replicated in the future. However, I would like to use this research opportunity to point out my interesting observations of the "deaf economy" and help to open up a potential new research topic for future research initiatives.
by Sheila Zhi Xu.
S.B. in Science in Humanities and Science
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Huda, Fazrin. "Public diplomacy and emergence of Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.662203.
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The main focus of the thesis is the extent to which, conceptually or in practice, public diplomacy can be an effective tool in the case of an emerging nation. During its emergence the new nation state of Bangladesh employed public diplomacy alongside traditional diplomacy. It was used to influence international and regional actors and to promote the image of Bangladesh in order to change the opinions of the global community. Public diplomacy assumed great importance in the late 20th century as a means of controlling the image of a country. It has been defined as "the promotion of the national interest of any country by informing, engaging, and influencing people throughout the world". In recent years it has been used to pursue particular foreign policy goals, to acquire economic or political assistance at times of national crisis and to influence world opinion during periods of national emergency. The present thesis explores the effectiveness of the concept of public diplomacy and its role in the emergence of the state of Bangladesh. The independence war of 1971 is analysed in the light of theoretical issues associated with the study of public diplomacy. The efforts of defecting Bengali diplomats to use the different tools of public diplomacy in order to influence world opinion are examined. It is argued that public diplomacy is more likely to be successful in a context where a democratic social and political environment exists. The study also recognises that, although it may be possible to alter public opinion, changing government policy might not always occur merely as a consequence of the use of public diplomacy.
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McCusker, Maureen Elizabeth. "A Dyadic Approach to Leadership Emergence." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78142.
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Leadership emergence is best conceptualized as a complex, multi-level process arising from the dynamic interplay of all elements in the process: group members, relations, and context (Day, 2014). This study seeks to simultaneously examine to the role of each in the leadership emergence process by assessing leader and follower traits, their trait similarity, task, behaviors, and the network itself. Using a rotation design, 99 cadets in groups of three completed four tasks with alternating partners and subsequently provided sociometric ratings of each of their group members. Data was analyzed using Exponential Random Graph Modeling, which controls for endogenous group effects. In general, there was a tendency toward nominating others as leaders. High scores on dominance and intelligence predicted leadership emergence, and low scores on dominance predicted follower emergence. The type of task did not affect leadership emergence. Perceived leader behavior unexpectedly reduced the likelihood of nominating another as a leader. Results from this study highlight the importance of studying all components of leadership process and are once step closer toward doing so completely and accurately.Master of Science
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Robson, Victoria E. "Leadership Emergence: Do Males Always Dominate?" Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42184.
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The purpose of the present study was to investigate leadership emergence in mixed sex groups. Prior research has demonstrated that females have difficulty emerging as leaders in mixed sex groups. Thirty mix sex groups (two males, one female, and one female confederate) were asked to participate in a small group activity and then completed a series of scales to assess leadership emergence and inferred leadership traits. It was found that a female confederate exhibiting behaviors consistent with females high in intelligence, dominance, and self-efficacy emerged as the leader more frequently than males low in either one or two of those same three traits. In addition, the female confederate was seen as possessing more leadership traits than males low in either one or two of those traits. Implications for these results are discussed.Master of Science
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Hope, Michael. "The Emergence of Organization Through Communication." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3248/.
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Taylor, Cooren, Giroux, and Robichaud (1996) theorize that an organization is created entirely through the interpretations of its members and it evolves as those conversations change. Demonstrating the Taylor et al. theory, the current study focuses on the outcomes of management vision and strategic planning sessions in a division of a large Southwestern University. It explores the ways organization emerges through the discourse of the managers, how text is amplified to support the organization as a whole, the ways organization continues to emerge in communication, and in what ways the emergent view of organization exists throughout the division. The results of the study support the Taylor et al. theory. Management participants created an expanded view of the organization through discourse and then linked it to the university as a whole. Evidence was found supporting continued reformulation but it was limited to the management participants and did not include hourly employees.
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Heckel, Audrey Grignon Georges. "Emergence de la médecine en Mésopotamie." [S.l] : [s.n], 2003. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2003_HECKEL_AUDREY.pdf.
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Freemantle, Harry. "Conditions for the emergence of sociology." Thesis, Freemantle, Harry (1997) Conditions for the emergence of sociology. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1997. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/50565/.
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As Michel Foucault makes clear, diverse forms of empirical science, including sociology, arose in the space of knowledge opened in the last decades of the eighteenth century. I apply some of Foucault's insights to early 'sociological' writers and explore in detail what was visible and articulable in the France of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Pierre Bourdieu is also used as a theoretical resource because he treats science and scientists as part and product of their particular social world or 'field'.
By examining inventions such as perspective, the microscope, the camera obscura, the Encyclopedie, the balloon, the lithograph, the diorama and photography, re.lated products, reactions to them and the development of accompanying metaphors, I demonstrate how the visual informs the articulable at particular moments in history and chart how this vision changes over time. These inventions formed part of the epistemological and institutional conditions of the observer which underlay the discourse and determined how early 'sociological' writers saw the emerging social world.
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COSBITT, NICOLE. "MORPHOGENESIS: BUILDING AS A NATIVE PLANT." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1179327038.
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Kvarnlöf, Linda. "Först på plats : Gränsdragningar, positioneringar och emergens i berättelser från olycksplatsen." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för samhällsvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-24831.
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When accidents occur, citizens often are the real first responders. This has been acknowledged and studied from an international perspective, particularly in relation to large crises and disasters, but remains relatively unstudied from a Swedish perspective. This thesis takes its point of departure from people who have been emergency callers or witnesses to traffic accidents, studying their actions and interactions at the scene of an accident in terms of boundaries, positioning and emergence. The aim of this thesis is to study how people’s actions in a specific situation are affected by their interactions with both real and imagined others and how their actions are affected by the spatial context. The thesis consists of four individual studies that relate differently to the main aim of the thesis. The first study focuses on first responders’ options to act in a place that simultaneously is the workplace of emergency personnel: the incident site. This study shows how first responders’ options to act are governed in large part by their interaction with emergency personnel and their boundary practices at the incident site. In this study, we apply theories of boundary practices from Nippert-Eng and the concept of boundary work from Gieryn to explain how emergency personnel control their place of work through boundary practices and through that process control those first responders who are present at the site. In other words, people’s actions at the incident site are affected by both the social and the spatial context. The second study focuses on a limited selection of first responders: those who have placed emergency calls. Through interviews with callers and transcriptions of their emergency calls, this study explores how the callers frame their decision to stop and place the call through different presentations of self. These presentations are constructed through moral positioning, in which the callers position themselves and their actions in relation to both real and imagined others. Thus, the callers also construct normative accounts of what is considered a “preferable” and “non-preferable” way to act at the scene of an accident. The third study takes its point of departure from theories and previous research on emergence because they have been used by disaster sociologists to explain how citizens are the real first responders to crises and disasters. Through the concepts of emergent behavior and emergent norms, papers in this research field have argued that people in these situations act according to “new and not-yet-institutionalized behavior guidelines”. In this study, I argue that emergence, in other words, citizens as the real first responders, is also present in everyday emergencies. Through the narratives of citizen first responders, I explore how they frame their actions through different normative narratives. These normative narratives are not necessarily emergent, however. Rather, the interviewees use past experience and presentations of self to justify their actions at the scene of an accident. The fourth study is an ethnographic reflection of the researcher’s place-bounded identity in a field study that revolves around several different places. Rather than focusing on a story of first responders, this study focuses on the researcher’s, i.e., my own, story from the scene of an accident, the fire truck and the fire station. What I have been able to study through these different studies are stories of actions rather than “actual” actions or behaviors. In these stories, it becomes clear that first responders relate to both a social and spatial context as they provide accounts of their actions at the scene of an accident. They relate to a social context because they frame their actions through their interactions with different actors and position themselves in relation to those actors—and in relation to a spatial context. That is, they perform their actions in a place that is someone else’s place of work, with jurisdictional claims of both legitimacy and control. In summary, this thesis contributes a deeper knowledge of how citizen first responders interpret, understand and tell the story of their actions at the scene of an accident. The contribution considers the fact that citizen first responders are something of a “blind spot”, not only in the field of emergency research but also for emergency personnel who do not always acknowledge the experience of first responders at the scene of accidents.
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Cheung, Chung Ming Mark. "Magnetic flux emergence in the solar photosphere." Katlenburg-Lindau Copernicus GmbH, 2006. http://d-nb.info/981843441/34.
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