Relevant bibliographies by topics / Embryonic chick spinal cord; Expression; Binding

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Academic literature on the topic 'Embryonic chick spinal cord; Expression; Binding'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Embryonic chick spinal cord; Expression; Binding"

1

Park, Sang Wook, Ha Seong Lim, Eun Jung Roh, Dong Woon Kim, Gye Sun Jeon, and Sa Sun Cho. "Developmental Expression of Transferrin Binding Protein in Oligodendrocyte Lineage Cells of the Embryonic Chick Spinal Cord." Neurochemical Research 32, no. 1 (December 6, 2006): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-006-9216-6.

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2

Trupp, M., M. Rydén, H. Jörnvall, H. Funakoshi, T. Timmusk, E. Arenas, and C. F. Ibáñez. "Peripheral expression and biological activities of GDNF, a new neurotrophic factor for avian and mammalian peripheral neurons." Journal of Cell Biology 130, no. 1 (July 1, 1995): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.130.1.137.

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Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a neurotrophic polypeptide, distantly related to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), originally isolated by virtue of its ability to induce dopamine uptake and cell survival in cultures of embryonic ventral midbrain dopaminergic neurons, and more recently shown to be a potent neurotrophic factor for motorneurons. The biological activities and distribution of this molecule outside the central nervous system are presently unknown. We report here on the mRNA expression, biological activities and initial receptor binding characterization of GDNF and a shorter spliced variant termed GDNF beta in different organs and peripheral neurons of the developing rat. Both GDNF mRNA forms were found to be most highly expressed in developing skin, whisker pad, kidney, stomach and testis. Lower expression was also detected in developing skeletal muscle, ovary, lung, and adrenal gland. Developing spinal cord, superior cervical ganglion (SCG) and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) also expressed low levels of GDNF mRNA. Two days after nerve transection, GDNF mRNA levels increased dramatically in the sciatic nerve. Overall, GDNF mRNA expression was significantly higher in peripheral organs than in neuronal tissues. Expression of either GDNF mRNA isoform in insect cells resulted in the production of indistinguishable mature GDNF polypeptides. Purified recombinant GDNF promoted neurite outgrowth and survival of embryonic chick sympathetic neurons. GDNF produced robust bundle-like, fasciculated outgrowth from chick sympathetic ganglion explants. Although GDNF displayed only low activity on survival of newborn rat SCG neurons, this protein was found to increase the expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide and preprotachykinin-A mRNAs in cultured SCG neurons. GDNF also promoted survival of about half of the neurons in embryonic chick nodose ganglion and a small subpopulation of embryonic sensory neurons in chick dorsal root and rat trigeminal ganglia. Embryonic chick sympathetic neurons expressed receptors for GDNF with Kd 1-5 x 10(-9) M, as measured by saturation and displacement binding assays. Our findings indicate GDNF is a new neurotrophic factor for developing peripheral neurons and suggest possible non-neuronal roles for GDNF in the developing reproductive system.
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Goodearl, A. D., A. G. Yee, A. W. Sandrock, G. Corfas, and G. D. Fischbach. "ARIA is concentrated in the synaptic basal lamina of the developing chick neuromuscular junction." Journal of Cell Biology 130, no. 6 (September 15, 1995): 1423–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.130.6.1423.

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ARIA is a member of a family of polypeptide growth and differentiation factors that also includes glial growth factor (GGF), neu differentiation factor, and heregulin. ARIA mRNA is expressed in all cholinergic neurons of the central nervous systems of rats and chicks, including spinal cord motor neurons. In vitro, ARIA elevates the rate of acetylcholine receptor incorporation into the plasma membrane of primary cultures of chick myotubes. To study whether ARIA may regulate the synthesis of junctional synaptic acetylcholine receptors in chick embryos, we have developed riboprobes and polyclonal antibody reagents that recognize isoforms of ARIA that include an amino-terminal immunoglobulin C2 domain and examined the expression and distribution of ARIA in motor neurons and at the neuromuscular junction. We detected significant ARIA mRNA expression in motor neurons as early as embryonic day 5, around the time that motor axons are making initial synaptic contacts with their target muscle cells. In older embryos and postnatal animals, we found ARIA protein concentrated in the synaptic cleft at neuromuscular junctions, consistent with transport down motor axons and release at nerve terminals. At high resolution using immunoelectron microscopy, we detected ARIA immunoreactivity exclusively in the synaptic basal lamina in a pattern consistent with binding to synapse specific components on the presynaptic side of the basal lamina. These results support a role for ARIA as a trophic factor released by motor neuron terminals that may regulate the formation of mature neuromuscular synapses.
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4

Chilton, John K., and Andrew W. Stoker. "Expression of Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Embryonic Chick Spinal Cord." Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience 16, no. 4 (October 2000): 470–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/mcne.2000.0887.

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5

Ono, K., R. Bansal, J. Payne, U. Rutishauser, and R. H. Miller. "Early development and dispersal of oligodendrocyte precursors in the embryonic chick spinal cord." Development 121, no. 6 (June 1, 1995): 1743–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.121.6.1743.

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Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the vertebrate CNS, originally develop from cells of the neuroepithelium. Recent studies suggest that spinal cord oligodendrocyte precursors are initially localized in the region of the ventral ventricular zone and subsequently disperse throughout the spinal cord. The characteristics of these early oligodendrocyte precursors and their subsequent migration has been difficult to assay directly in the rodent spinal cord due to a lack of appropriate reagents. In the developing chick spinal cord, we show that oligodendrocyte precursors can be specifically identified by labeling with O4 monoclonal antibody. In contrast to rodent oligodendrocyte precursors, which express O4 immunoreactivity only during the later stages of maturation, in the chick O4 immunoreactivity appears very early and its expression is retained through cellular maturation. In embryos older than stage 35, O4+ cells represent the most immature, self-renewing, cells of the chick spinal cord oligodendrocyte lineage. In the intact chick spinal cord, the earliest O4+ cells are located at the ventral ventricular zone where they actually contribute to the ventricular lining of the central canal. The subsequent migration of O4+ cells into the dorsal region of the spinal cord temporally correlates with the capacity of isolated dorsal spinal cord to generate oligodendrocytes in vitro. Biochemical analysis suggests O4 labels a POA-like antigen on the surface of chick spinal cord oligodendrocyte precursors. These studies provide direct evidence for the ventral ventricular origin of spinal cord oligodendrocytes, and suggest that this focal source of oligodendrocytes is a general characteristic of vertebrate development.
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6

Berki, �gnes Cs, Michael J. O'Donovan, and Mikl�s Antal. "Developmental expression of glycine immunoreactivity and its colocalization with gaba in the embryonic chick lumbosacral spinal cord." Journal of Comparative Neurology 362, no. 4 (November 27, 1995): 583–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cne.903620411.

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7

Dodd, J., and T. M. Jessell. "Cell surface glycoconjugates and carbohydrate-binding proteins: possible recognition signals in sensory neurone development." Journal of Experimental Biology 124, no. 1 (September 1, 1986): 225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.124.1.225.

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Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurones transmit cutaneous sensory information from the periphery to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Subpopulations of DRG neurones that subserve distinct sensory modalities project to discrete regions in the dorsal horn. The formation of specific sensory connections during development may involve cell-surface interactions with spinal cord cells. Molecules that are expressed on the surface of functional subpopulations of DRG and dorsal horn neurones have therefore been identified. Distinct subsets of DRG neurones express globo- or lactoseries carbohydrate differentiation antigens. The expression of defined carbohydrate structures correlates with the embryonic lineage, peptide phenotype and the central termination site of DRG neurones. Similar or identical glycoconjugates have been implicated in cellular interactions that contribute to preimplantation embryonic development. Small-diameter DRG neurones that project to the superficial dorsal horn express N-acetyllactosamine backbone structures that are potential ligands for beta-galactoside-specific binding proteins (lectins). Two lectins have been identified that are expressed early in development in the superficial dorsal horn. These complementary molecules may contribute to the development of sensory afferent projections in the spinal cord.
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8

Wenner, Peter, Michael J. O'Donovan, and Michael P. Matise. "Topographical and Physiological Characterization of Interneurons That Express Engrailed-1 in the Embryonic Chick Spinal Cord." Journal of Neurophysiology 84, no. 5 (November 1, 2000): 2651–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.5.2651.

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A number of homeodomain transcription factors have been implicated in controlling the differentiation of various types of neurons including spinal motoneurons. Some of these proteins are also expressed in spinal interneurons, but their function is unknown. Progress in understanding the role of transcription factors in interneuronal development has been slow because the synaptic connections of interneurons, which in part define their identity, are difficult to establish. Using whole cell recording in the isolated spinal cord of chick embryos, we assessed the synaptic connections of lumbosacral interneurons expressing the Engrailed-1 (En1) transcription factor. Specifically we established whether En1-expressing interneurons made direct connections with motoneurons and whether they constitute a single interneuron class. Cells were labeled with biocytin and subsequently processed for En1 immunoreactivity. Our findings indicate that the connections of En1-expressing cells with motoneurons and with sensory afferents were diverse, suggesting that the population was heterogeneous. In addition, the synaptic connections we tested were similar in interneurons that expressed the En1 protein and in many that did not. The majority of sampled En1 cells did, however, exhibit a direct synaptic connection to motoneurons that is likely to be GABAergic. Because our physiological methods underestimate the number of direct connections with motoneurons, it is possible that the great majority, perhaps all, En1-expressing cells make direct synaptic connections with motoneurons. Our results raise the possibility that En1 could be involved in interneuron-motoneuron connectivity but that its expression is not restricted to a distinct functional subclass of ventral interneuron. These findings constrain hypotheses about the role of En-1 in interneuron development and function.
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9

Lance-Jones, Cynthia, Natalia Omelchenko, Anya Bailis, Stephen Lynch, and Kamal Sharma. "Hoxd10 induction and regionalization in the developing lumbosacral spinal cord." Development 128, no. 12 (June 15, 2001): 2255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.128.12.2255.

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We have used Hoxd10 expression as a primary marker of the lumbosacral region to examine the early programming of regional characteristics within the posterior spinal cord of the chick embryo. Hoxd10 is uniquely expressed at a high level in the lumbosacral cord, from the earliest stages of motor column formation through stages of motoneuron axon outgrowth. To define the time period when this gene pattern is determined, we assessed Hoxd10 expression after transposition of lumbosacral and thoracic segments at early neural tube stages. We present evidence that there is an early prepattern for Hoxd10 expression in the lumbosacral neural tube; a prepattern that is established at or before stages of neural tube closure. Cells within more posterior lumbosacral segments have a greater ability to develop high level Hoxd10 expression than the most anterior lumbosacral segments or thoracic segments. During subsequent neural tube stages, this prepattern is amplified and stabilized by environmental signals such that all lumbosacral segments acquire the ability to develop high levels of Hoxd10, independent of their axial environment. Results from experiments in which posterior neural segments and/or paraxial mesoderm segments were placed at different axial levels suggest that signals setting Hoxd10 expression form a decreasing posterior-to-anterior gradient. Our experiments do not, however, implicate adjacent paraxial mesoderm as the only source of graded signals. We suggest, instead, that signals from more posterior embryonic regions influence Hoxd10 expression after the early establishment of a regional prepattern. Concurrent analyses of patterns of LIM proteins and motor column organization after experimental surgeries suggest that the programming of these characteristics follows similar rules.
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10

Loeb, J. A., T. S. Khurana, J. T. Robbins, A. G. Yee, and G. D. Fischbach. "Expression patterns of transmembrane and released forms of neuregulin during spinal cord and neuromuscular synapse development." Development 126, no. 4 (February 15, 1999): 781–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.126.4.781.

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We mapped the distribution of neuregulin and its transmembrane precursor in developing, embryonic chick and mouse spinal cord. Neuregulin mRNA and protein were expressed in motor and sensory neurons shortly after their birth and levels steadily increased during development. Expression of the neuregulin precursor was highest in motor and sensory neuron cell bodies and axons, while soluble, released neuregulin accumulated along early motor and sensory axons, radial glia, spinal axonal tracts and neuroepithelial cells through associations with heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Neuregulin accumulation in the synaptic basal lamina of neuromuscular junctions occurred significantly later, coincident with a reorganization of muscle extracellular matrix resulting in a relative concentration of heparan sulfate proteoglycans at endplates. These results demonstrate an early axonal presence of neuregulin and its transmembrane precursor at developing synapses and a role for heparan sulfate proteoglycans in regulating the temporal and spatial sites of soluble neuregulin accumulation during development.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Embryonic chick spinal cord; Expression; Binding"

1

Chilton, John K. "The role of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases in axon guidance." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365814.

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