Relevant bibliographies by topics / Embedded wires

Academic literature on the topic 'Embedded wires'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Embedded wires"

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Cho, Won Woo, G. Zouganelis, and Hitoshi Ohsato. "Enhancement of Electric Field inside Metallodielectric Metamaterial." Advanced Materials Research 11-12 (February 2006): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.11-12.117.

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A metallodielectric metamaterial have been investigated by using FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain) method and fabricated with a resin based rapid prototyping machine. It was composed of 7 layers of parallel periodic copper wires embedded in resin. The metallodielectric metamaterial shows a different near field distribution with direction of incident electric field E that causes different electromagnetic (EM) properties. In particular, when incident electric field E is vertical to the wires inside resin, we observe enhacement of electric field in the vicinity of the embedded metal wires according to the incident direction of electirc field E as compared with dielectirc wihout metal wires. The enhanced electric field by the embedded metal wire is responsible for the enhancement of effective dielectric constant.
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Mahmood Baitab, Danish, Dayang Laila Abang Haji Abdul Majid, Ermira Junita Abdullah, and Mohd Faisal Abdul Hamid. "A review of techniques for embedding shape memory alloy (SMA) wires in smart woven composites." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.13 (October 9, 2018): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.13.21344.

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Metallic structures, in various industrial fields such as transport and aerospace, are mostly replaced by composite structures having less weight and good strength. There is also a need of intensification of the operational dynamic environment with high durability requirements. So a smart composite structure is required that can manifest its functions according to environmental changes. One method of producing smart composite structures is to embed shape memory alloys in composite structures. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) have significant mechanical and thermodynamic properties and are available in very small diameters less than 0.2mm. These SMAs are embedded into composites for obtaining smart composites having tunable properties, active abilities, damping capacity and self-healing properties. Shape memory alloys are available in different shapes as wires, sheets, foils, strips, etc. For smart composites, mostly SMA embedded are in wire shape. Different techniques are used for embedding SMA wires in composites. SMA wires can be embedded between layers of laminates of composites, or embedded directly as reinforcement in matrix and can be woven into fabrics and used as a reinforcement. This paper reviews the different techniques of embedding SMA wires in composite structures, their pros and cons and their applications.
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Ren, Yongsheng, Qiyi Dai, Ruijun An, and Youfeng Zhu. "Modeling and Dynamical Behavior of Rotating Composite Shafts with SMA Wires." Shock and Vibration 2014 (2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/765875.

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A dynamical model is developed for the rotating composite shaft with shape-memory alloy (SMA) wires embedded in. The rotating shaft is represented as a thin-walled composite of circular cross-section with SMA wires embedded parallel to shaft’s longitudinal axis. A thermomechanical constitutive equation of SMA proposed by Brinson is employed and the recovery stress of the constrained SMA wires is derived. The equations of motion are derived based on the variational-asymptotical method (VAM) and Hamilton’s principle. The partial differential equations of motion are reduced to the ordinary differential equations of motion by using the Galerkin method. The model incorporates the transverse shear, rotary inertia, and anisotropy of composite material. Numerical results of natural frequencies and critical speeds are obtained. It is shown that the natural frequencies of the nonrotating shaft and the critical rotating speed increase as SMA wire fraction and initial strain increase and the increase in natural frequencies becomes more significant as SMA wire fraction increases. The initial strain of SMA wires appears to have marginal effect on dynamical behaviors of the shaft. The actuation performance of SMA wires is found to be closely related to the ply-angle.
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Rajasekhar, J., and Dr JKR Sastry. "An approach to hybridisation of embedded system networks." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.7 (March 18, 2018): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.7.10748.

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Embedded systems can be networked using either wired or wireless technologies. ES systems when networked using wires can communicate serially over a bus using the technologies such as CAN, I2C, USB, RS485, and Fire wire. These standards differ in many ways which include arbitration, synchronization, address resolution, timing, type of communication etc. Embedded systems can also be network using wireless technologies which exits in many versions.Several applications these days are requiring more than one communication technology. Several sub-systems are developed using a networking method and it requires that the subsystems that are networked using different technologies are to be networked further for realizing entire application. Such a network needs to deal with many of the heterogeneous communication system leading to an issue of hybridisation. In this paper various issues/approaches that need to be addressed for hybridising of the ES networks have been presented.
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Yang, K., and C. L. Gu. "Research and application of novel planar bending embedded shape memory alloy actuator." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 221, no. 2 (February 1, 2007): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406jmes453.

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To overcome low-response speed and low-control precision in the existing traditional shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators, a new type of structure named planar bending embedded SMA actuator was developed. Two SMA wires were embedded in parallel with the axis of the elastic rod. The recovering wire, which was superposed along rod's axis, was set to obtain ‘U’ memory shape and the restoring wire, which was placed off-axially, got straight memory shape. The differential stain gauges were located at suitable position in corresponding to the actuator's bending direction in order to measure the signal of displacement. By making use of continuity, common origin and common limit conditions, and adjusting martensite fraction coefficients appropriately, the analytical model was deduced to adequately account for the presence of major and minor hysteresis loops. The structural parameters of 60 mm long actuator, such as rod's radius, wire's radius, wire's recoverable curvature, and offset distance, were optimized by combining analytical model with experimental results. The experimental results prove the merits in optimal prototype.
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Park, Jeong Eun, Won Seok Choi, and Donggun Lim. "Cell/Module Integration Technology with Wire-Embedded EVA Sheet." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (May 2, 2021): 4170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11094170.

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Silicon wafers are crucial for determining the price of solar cell modules. To reduce the manufacturing cost of photovoltaic devices, the thicknesses of wafers are reduced. However, the conventional module manufacturing method using the tabbing process has a disadvantage in that the cell is damaged because of the high temperature and pressure of the soldering process, which is complicated, thus increasing the process cost. Consequently, when the wafer is thinned, the breakage rate increases during the module process, resulting in a lower yield; further, the module performance decreases owing to cracks and thermal stress. To solve this problem, a module manufacturing method is proposed in which cells and wires are bonded through the lamination process. This method minimizes the thermal damage and mechanical stress applied to solar cells during the tabbing process, thereby manufacturing high-power modules. When adopting this method, the front electrode should be customized because it requires busbarless solar cells different from the existing busbar solar cells. Accordingly, the front electrode was designed using various simulation programs such as Griddler 2.5 and MathCAD, and the effect of the diameter and number of wires in contact with the front finger line of the solar cell on the module characteristics was analyzed. Consequently, the efficiency of the module manufactured with 12 wires and a wire diameter of 0.36 mm exhibited the highest efficiency at 20.28%. This is because even if the optical loss increases with the diameter of the wire, the series resistance considerably decreases rather than the loss of the short-circuit current, thereby improving the fill factor. The characteristics of the wire-embedded ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) sheet module were confirmed to be better than those of the five busbar tabbing modules manufactured by the tabbing process; further, a high-power module that sufficiently compensated for the disadvantages of the tabbing module was manufactured.
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Hack, Harvey, and James Windgassen. "Permeation of Artificial Seawater into Polyurethane and Its Effect on the Performance of Potted Electrical Equipment." Corrosion 78, no. 4 (February 15, 2022): 369–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/3848.

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Measurements were conducted to quantify the permeation of artificial seawater into various polyurethanes and polyethylene as a function of time and temperature. Both weight gain from water absorption and an electrical current between pairs of wires embedded into the polyurethanes were measured over a period of several months at 50°C. Water was absorbed into all materials, including polyethylene, but there was no increase in the current between wire pairs embedded in the polyurethanes, indicating that the water that was able to permeate was pure water of high resistivity whereas the charged ions in the seawater were not able to permeate to the wires.
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Yang, Qing Ping, Li Sun, and Yan Zhong Feng. "Experiment of Beam Crack Repair Using Shape Memory Alloy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 1707–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.1707.

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In this paper, the repair capacity of SMA wire by using internal and external installation was studied. The SMA wires were embedded in epoxy resin and silicon cement mortar beams made of polymer clay, and then three-point bending test was conducted on the composite beam. The ability of beams which embedded SMA wires was also studied. On the other hand, the SMA wires were installed in the external of the epoxy polymer clay cement mortar, then three point bending test was also used and its self-repair ability was also studied. The results show that the crack can be repaired very well under these two methods. If there are cracks in existing buildings, we can use an external installation method to repair them. In order to ensure the new buildings crack free, both methods are feasible.
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CITRIN, D. S. "EXCITONS IN SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM WIRES: RADIATIVE LIFETIMES AND POLARITONS." Modern Physics Letters B 07, no. 23 (October 10, 1993): 1467–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021798499300151x.

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Radiative effects felt by excitons in semiconductor quantum wires are reviewed. The interaction of an exciton with the electromagnetic field is responsible for the formation of exciton polaritons, for vacuum-field Rabi oscillations, and for spontaneous emission. It is shown that exciton radiative lifetimes in defect-free quantum wires are expected to be longer than in quantum wells of comparable size. Schemes for controlling spontaneous emission and polariton dispersion, such as the use of quantum-wire arrays and cavity-embedded structures, are discussed.
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Alebrahim, Reza, M. Iqram, M. Farizal, S. S. K. Singh, S. M. Haris, A. K. Elwaleed, and N. Nikabdullah. "Control of Crack Propagation in Composite Fiberglass-Polyester Laminates Using Nitinol Wire." Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (October 2014): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.108.

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The experimental analysis presents the control of cracked composite fiberglass-polyester by using reinforced Shape Memory Alloy (SMA). SMA wires were used to control and close the crack gap in the composite. The experimental analysis was conducted for one and two SMA wires, whereby these SMA wires were heat treated and trained before being embedded into the fiberglass matrix strip. The composite reinforced strips were pre-notched as a criterion for crack initiation and propagation under gradual tensile loading. It was observed, a complete separation into two pieces of the strip was hindered by the existence of the SMA wires. The control of cracked composite is based on the changing of resistance of the SMA wire during the deformation phase. The variation of the resistance in the stretched SMA wire acts as a feedback to the on-off controller. It was observed during the experimental analysis that when the electric current of 2 Amps is switched on, the wires temperature will be increased until 60°C to produce a contraction effect, hence this effect will close the cracks that occurred under loading condition.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Embedded wires"

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Vogel, Thibaut. "Multiphysics analyses and modeling for the development of composite structures with embedded electrical wires." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4093/document.

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A partir de l’étude d’une structure composite multifonctionnelle prédéfinie, cette thèse a pour objectif l’analyse du comportement thermomécanique et des modes d’endommagement d’une structure composite intégrant des conducteurs électriques. Des éprouvettes représentatives sont fabriquées et testées sous différentes conditions mécaniques, thermiques et électriques. L’influence des chargements mécaniques hors-plan, et plus particulièrement d’un impact basse énergie, sur la fonctionnalité électromécanique de la structure est ensuite étudiée. Des mesures de résistance électrique et te tension de claquage sont réalisées afin de déterminer les performances électriques post-impact de la structure. L’échauffement résistif interne des conducteurs, conjugué à l’environnement thermique d’une structure aéronautique nous invite finalement à étudier le comportement thermomécanique de tels assemblages multicouches et multi-matériaux. Nous présentons donc une méthodologie de caractérisation du comportement thermomécanique d’un assemblage sandwich multicouche via l’analyse de ses composants pris séparément et caractérisés par des analyses mécaniques dynamiques (DMA). La contribution majeure de ce travail réside dans la détermination de critères de dégradation électrique, et de dimensionnement, pour le développement de structures composites intégrant des conducteurs électriques
From the study of a particular multifunctional composite structure, this thesis aims at analyzing the thermomechanical behavior and failure modes of a composite structure embedding electrical wires. Representative test specimens embedding flat electrical cables are manufactured and tested under various conditions. The influence of out-of-plane loadings, and especially of low energy impacts on the electro-mechanical functionality of the structure is then investigated with both experimental and numerical considerations. Post impact electrical tests such as resistance measurements and dielectric strength tests are carried out to investigate on the post-impact electrical performances of the structure. Then, resistive heating of the embedded electrical components combined to the thermal environment of an aerospace structure lead us to further investigate on the thermo-mechanical behaviour of such multi-layered multi-materials structures. Hence, a methodology using Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) testings is developed to characterize both the temperaturedependent stiffness of the constituents, and the resulting thermo-mechanical behaviour of the assembly. The main contribution of this work consists in determining electrical degradation and sizing criteria for the development of robust composite structures embedding electrical wires
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Persson, Jesper, and Kristoffer Dahl. "Control and Monitoring of a BTES-System." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-30304.

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Termisk energi som solfångare producerar kan lagras i Borehole Thermal Energy Storage, BTES, när efterfrågan är låg, för att sedan användas när efterfrågan är hög. Målet med detta examensarbete är att utveckla en skalbar systemarkitektur för styrning och monitorering av en BTES prototyp, där ringarna som borrhålen utgör är indelade i olika temperaturhierarkier. De ringar som ligger närmare centrum av borrhålen har högre temperaturhierarki än de som ligger längre ut. Driftinformation från systemet ska kunna följas på en webbplats och temperaturdata från systemet ska sparas undan för lagring. Datakommunikationen består av en One-Wire buss som innehåller temperatursensorer och ett CAN-buss system för datakommunikation mellan sensor/aktuator-noder och server-nod. Utifrån sensordata bestäms reglering av ventiler. Driftinformation lagras i en databas och från denna databas presenteras informationen på en hemsida. Hemsidan innehåller en överblick av brunnparken där temperaturen i varje brunn kan utläsas. Regleralgoritmen uppfyller den sökta temperaturhierarkin där de högsta temperaturerna ska vara i centrum av brunnparken. Prototypen fungerar som en utvecklingsplattform och demonstrerande prototyp.
Thermal energy produced from solar collectors can be stored in Borehole Thermal Energy Storage, BTES, when demand is low for later usage when demand is high. The aim of this thesis is to develop a scalable system architecture for control and monitoring of a BTES prototype.The BTES prototype consist of 13 boreholes configured in a hierarchically manner in two circles and one core. The core is of the highest priority. The operational information is displayed on a website and stored in a database.The data communication consist of two One-wire buses and one CAN bus. The temperature sensors are connected to the One-Wire buses. The CAN bus consist of sensor/actuator nodes and a server node. Based on sensor data, a control loop configures the actuators. Operational data is stored in a database and visually presented on a website. The website displays an overview of all the boreholes where all of the sensors data can be read. The control algorithm runs successfully according to its hierarchically priorities. The prototype works as a developement platform and a demonstrating prototype.
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Moc, Filip. "Vestavěný systém pro automatizaci chovné stanice akvarijních ryb." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-385996.

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This master's thesis is concerned about embedded system for automatic water renewal in aquariums. Besides water renewal system also controls lights and ventilation in aquarium fish breeding station. In this report you will find informtions about technology relevant to automation of aquarium fish breeding station. Also you will find here informations about design and implementation of my specific final working solution.
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Wu, Kuen-Bau, and 巫坤保. "Buckling of laminated composite plates with embedded shape memory alloy wires." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87875218884830634078.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系碩士班
91
In this study, the experiments on buckling control of a laminated composite plate with embedded shape memory alloy(SMA) wire are presented. The purpose is to enhance the critical buckling load of laminated composite plates. Buckling load is related to the shape recovery force of SMA wires. Two different procedures are taken to control the action of shape recovery force: One is to actuate SMA before buckling ,The other is to actuate the SMA after buckling. The results indicate that the second procedure that actuates SMA after buckling achieves higher buckling resistance. The result obtained from the shape recovery force control test, shows that as the growing of diameter of SMA wire the recovery force will become bigger. Consquently, the SMA wire with 1mm will have superior recovery force. The experiments also show that the critical buckling stress varies with the diameter of SMA which embedded in the specimen. The final step is to estimate the relation of shape recovery force and buckling load.
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Wu, Pei-Jung, and 吳佩蓉. "Electronic transport properties in 1D wire with an embedded antidot." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40931935263855109328.

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碩士
國立清華大學
物理學系
95
We have studied the phenomena of electronic transport in a quasi one-dimensional (1D) channel with an embedded antidot. The 1D channel is defined by either a set of split gates or ring gates, with a 100-nm-in-diameter antidot in the center. The presence of an antidot in the channel force electrons to split their paths, which then merge after the antidot. Such interference of their wave functions will change the normal transport behaviors of 1D electron gas. The two terminal magneto-conductance measurements taken at 0.3 K have shown intriguing yet different features under these two geometries. We observed inference patterns by controlling the gates separately, which can be suppressed after certain magnetic fields applied normal to the sample surface. Our devices also provide the opportunity to modulate electron modes from two paths and to study the tunable Aharonov-Bohm effect. In the current configuration we cannot detect the resonant tunneling of edge states via the embedded anitdot, which has been proposed for spin-filtering application. To further understand the physics behind the interference patterns, possibilities and limitation in device application, a refined measurement set-up at a lower temperature is needed.
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Lian, Wang-nin, and 連望甯. "Kinematic Analysis of a Superelastic-wire-embedded Flexible Tube Mechanism." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62289966578098740522.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
100
This thesis studies the position, velocity and workspace analyses of a flexible tube mechanism. The mechanism is composed of two plates, one being fixed to ground and the other being movable, and three superelastic wires. When the three wires are being pushed and/or pulled respectively, the mechanism will be actuated, forming a bending shape from which the motion of the movable plate is fully defined. First, we derive the analytical solutions for the inverse kinematics problem of the mechanism. Then, we solve for the quasi-forward kinematics problem of the mechanism at general configuration and derive the analytical solutions for its forward kinematics problem at a special configuration at which the three wires are equally distributed. Next, we derive the Jacobian matrix to relate the pushing/pulling speeds of the three wires to the velocity of the movable plate. Then, given by specific motion ranges of the wires, we illustrate the reachable workspace of the mechanism. Finally, a prototype is constructed for verifying the concept of the multi-flexible mechanism driven by superelastic wires. As a result, the major contributions of this work are three holds: (1) The analytical solutions for the quasi-forward/forward kinematics problems of the mechanism at general/special configurations are obtained, respectively; (2) The Jacobian matrix of the mechanism with three equally distributed and pullable wires is derived; and (3) The reachable workspace of a three-wire-actuated tube mechanism is verified. In conclusion, this work provides a solid theoretical background for the motion analysis and control of the three-wire-acctuated tube mechanisms and its combination.
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Yu, yorain, and 俞又仁. "Intelligent Electrical Vehilce By-Wire Powertrain and Handling Control Embedded System Study." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23552137097204977794.

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碩士
大葉大學
機械與自動化工程學系
99
The purpose of this study is to establish a dynamic simulation and control system for intelligent vehicle driving and handling performance evaluation. By controlling the wheel motor drive and brake and independent steer control motor, the vehicle can have better mobility and safer handling condition. When the vehicle is straight-line driving, the slip and skid control of wheels were used to ensure the wheel torque management to has stabled drive behavior in case of wheel slip or lock conditions. The wheel speed difference, vehicle speed, yaw rate, side slip angle, and lateral acceleration during the turning maneuver conditions were used for wheel motor controller inputs for the wheel motor controller which gives commands to control each wheel speed to reduce the tire abrasive and vehicle unstable conditions. This study has constructed the plant and controller simulation methodology which integrate the control strategies including the traction control, antilock brake control, active steer, wheel motor torque management, and the Four-Wheel Steer, (4WS) control system to evaluate and improve the vehicle drive and handling performance. The active steer control system can adjust the steer gear ratio of front and rear wheels and the ratio between them according to the vehicle speed, steering wheel angle input and the vehicle yaw rate, lateral acceleration, and side slip angle were feedbacked for closed loop control to ensure safer turning maneuver. The by-wire controlled 4WS electric vehicle driving and handling control modules were established by using dynamic simulation program Simulink and the embedded controller Motohawk to form a Hardware-in-Loop, (HIL) environment. The control and design parameters were varied and validated under different operating conditions to assure better electric vehicle handling performance and longer cruise range. This study can integrate and increase the research and development capability in vehicle stability control system design area including mechanical, electronic control, computer, and communication which can then in connect with the world advanced vehicle industries and enhance the competition ability in the future intelligent vehicle electronics market.
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Chou, Siang-Kai, and 周祥凱. "A DC-DC Boost Converter Design With Embedded Bonding Wire Aging Measurement." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s3xs4s.

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碩士
國立交通大學
電機工程學系
107
This thesis presents a methodology to measure the aging condition of the bonding wires in power integrated circuits since the aging of bonding wires is a significant factor that affects the lifetime of power chips. A test circuit is designed and integrated into a voltage mode boost converter for the feasibility study. In the proposed built in self measurement circuit, a predefined constant current is injected into the wires while the output stage is at the off period in a PWM cycle. The small voltage signals are integrated for the amplification and noise reduction purposes. Then, it is converted to digital by a successive approximation register ADC. Such a wire resistance can be used to monitor the aging condition of the wire. This chip is fabricated in TSMC 0.25μm 1P5M HV CMOS process. The frequency of system clock is 1MHz. The maximum efficiency of the boost converter is 90.16%. When the bonding wire resistance is 60mΩ to 140mΩ , the measured bonding wire resistance error is not more than 5mΩ under different process parameters.
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Ying-Cho, Li, and 李穎卓. "Simulation and Validation Study of Intelligent 4WS By-Wire Drive and Handling Control Embedded System." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99310335051069805079.

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碩士
大葉大學
機械與自動化工程學系
100
The purpose of this study is to establish an Intelligent Four-Wheel-Steer (4WS) By-Wired embedded Hardware-In-Loop, (HIL) platform environment. Matlab/Simulink program was used to establish 4WS vehicle dynamic control module and program was written into embedded MotoHawk ECU. The 4WS dynamic program was validated by commercial vehicle dynamic program CarSim under different vehicle handling operating conditions. The results showed the module predictions and errors are within engineering acceptable ranges. On the HIL, the steering wheel angle and vehicle speed signals were sent to LabView through CAN-Bus by using the NI PCMCIA CAN/2 card. BOSCH front and real steering wheel angle sensors also send feedback signals to CAN-Bus simultaneously. MotoHawk Read CAN block reads the steering wheel angle command, vehicle speed command, front and real steering wheel angle senser message. Input information are decoded and entered into intelligent 4WS By-Wired handling control and embedded system from there calculate the output front and real-time EPS By-Wired angle command, and output through the MotoHawk Send CAN Block send to CAN-Bus. NI PCMCIA CAN/2 card was used with LabView to read the message of front and real EPS By-Wired steering angle commands on CAN-Bus. The command message was decoded and turned to PWM signals to drive the SSR H-Bridge by NI USB-6251 DAQ card to control the front and rear steer motor output. Feedback signals from the front and rear steering wheel angles sensors to MotoHawk ECU which can be monitored and acquisitioned real-time information through MotoHawk support software MotoTune. This study used the MotoHawk for HIL embedded controller which was tested under three different vehicle handling test conditions including the Double Lane Change, (DLC), Sine Wave Steer, (SWS), and Step Steer Test, (SST). Results can be used for evaluating handling performance and improve handling steer control system parameters. Different vehicle design parameters and control parameter effects on the performance can be tested in this HIL environment. The rapid proto-type controller in this study can be used to develop the related 4WS vehicle target control modules for shorter time and lesser expanses.
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Chen, Po-Wen, and 陳柏文. "Study on spin relaxation time due to the electron-phonon interaction in quantum dot embedded in quantum wire." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69410437049562880771.

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碩士
國立交通大學
電子物理系所
93
In this thesis, we investigate the spin relaxation time in quantum dot embedded into quantum wire. The spin relaxation time due to the electron-phonon interaction is studied. We calculate spin relaxation time by Fermi golden rule. Different effects such as the magnetic field, the quantum dot size, and the temperature on the spin relaxation time are studied.
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Books on the topic "Embedded wires"

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Paret, Dominique. Multiplexed networks for embedded systems: CAN, LIN, flexray, safe-by-wire... Chichester, UK: Wiley, 2007.

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Greece) Workshop on Intelligent Solutions in Embedded Systems (8th 2010 Ērakleion. Proceedings of the 2010 8th International Workshop on Intelligent Solutions in Embedded Systems (WISES 2010): Heraklion, Crete, Greece, July 8-9, 2010. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2010.

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Kavokin, Alexey V., Jeremy J. Baumberg, Guillaume Malpuech, and Fabrice P. Laussy. Microcavities. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782995.001.0001.

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Both rich fundamental physics of microcavities and their intriguing potential applications are addressed in this book, oriented to undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as to physicists and engineers. We describe the essential steps of development of the physics of microcavities in their chronological order. We show how different types of structures combining optical and electronic confinement have come into play and were used to realize first weak and later strong light–matter coupling regimes. We discuss photonic crystals, microspheres, pillars and other types of artificial optical cavities with embedded semiconductor quantum wells, wires and dots. We present the most striking experimental findings of the recent two decades in the optics of semiconductor quantum structures. We address the fundamental physics and applications of superposition light-matter quasiparticles: exciton-polaritons and describe the most essential phenomena of modern Polaritonics: Physics of the Liquid Light. The book is intended as a working manual for advanced or graduate students and new researchers in the field.
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Paret, Dominique. Multiplexed Networks for Embedded Systems: CAN, LIN, FlexRay, Safe-by-Wire... Wiley, 2007.

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Paret, Dominique, and Roderick Riesco. Multiplexed Networks for Embedded Systems: CAN, LIN, FlexRay, Safe-By-Wire... Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2007.

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Paret, Dominique, and Roderick Riesco. Multiplexed Networks for Embedded Systems: CAN, LIN, FlexRay, Safe-by-Wire... Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2007.

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Multiplexed Networks for Embedded Systems: CAN, LIN, Flexray, Safe-By-wire... Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2012.

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Lambert, Sharon Lee. MEN WHO ARE CAREGIVERS OF COGNITIVELY IMPAIRED WIVES: BECOMING EMBEDDED IN THE ROLE. 1991.

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Plotnik, Adam N., and Stephen Kee. Removing the Angled Inferior Vena Cava Filter with an Embedded Hook: The “Hangman” Technique. Edited by S. Lowell Kahn, Bulent Arslan, and Abdulrahman Masrani. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199986071.003.0054.

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Multiple advanced techniques for the retrieval of difficult inferior vena cava (IVC) filters have been published in the literature, most of which describe mechanical methods to disrupt the fibrous capsule in cases in which the filter hook or struts have become embedded in the IVC wall. Despite reported high success rates, these techniques often require multiple venous access sites or the use of special equipment. The “hangman” technique is a modified “loop snare” technique that requires only a single venous access and uses standard interventional equipment. It modifies the loop snare technique by passing the wire loop between the filter neck and IVC wall, as opposed to the filter. This chapter elaborates on the hangman technique and its applications and steps.
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Alter, Karen J., and Laurence R. Helfer. Nature or Nurture? Judicial Lawmaking in the European Court of Justice and the Andean Tribunal of Justice. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199680788.003.0008.

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This chapter explores a different issue raised by the Andean Tribunal of Justice's (ATJ's) origins as a legal transplant — when do international judges engage in expansive judicial lawmaking? Although many scholars assert that international courts are hard-wired for self-aggrandizement, this comparative study of the ATJ and the European Union's Court of Justice (ECJ) reveals that the political contexts in which courts are embedded are critical to how expansively they interpret their authority. Hence this chapter develops the Andean Community analogue to Joseph Weiler's famous account of the ECJ's transformation of Europe. It explores how variations in political support for integration over time have influenced lawmaking by international judges in the Andes and in Europe. The chapter focuses in particular on the ATJ's refusal to follow the ECJ in transforming the Andean Community's founding treaty, the Cartagena Agreement, into a constitutional blueprint for regional integration.
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Book chapters on the topic "Embedded wires"

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Zhou, Han, Zeyu Sun, Sheriff Sadiqbatcha, and Sheldon X. D. Tan. "EM Lifetime Constrained Optimization for Multi-Segment Power Grid Networks." In Dependable Embedded Systems, 365–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52017-5_15.

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AbstractThis chapter provides techniques for power grid network sizing while considering electromigration reliability. Starting with power grid network and electromigration (EM) fundamentals. Specifically the concerns here are EM immortality and aging effects used as EM constraints when formulating the optimization problems. The chapter first shows that the new power/ground (P/G) optimization problem, subject to the voltage IR drop and new EM constraints, can still be formulated as an efficient sequence of linear programming (SLP) problem, where the optimization is carried out in two linear programming phases in each iteration. The new optimization will ensure that none of the wires fails if all the constraints are satisfied. However, requiring all the wires to be EM immortal can be over-constrained. To mitigate this problem, the improvement is to consider the aging effects of interconnect wires in P/G networks. The idea is to allow some short-lifetime wires to fail and optimize the rest of the wires while considering the additional resistance caused by the failed wire segments. In this way, the resulting P/G networks can be optimized such that the target lifetime of the whole P/G networks can be ensured and will become more robust and aging-aware over the expected lifetime of the chip.
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Ogihara, Shinji, Hideto Yoshinari, Nobuo Takeda, and Akira Kobayashi. "Mechanical Properties of GFRP Cross-Ply Laminate with Embedded SMA Wires." In Design and Manufacturing of Composites, 349–54. New York: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003076131-63.

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Ren, Jian, and Q. Liu. "Thermal Vibration Characteristics Analysis of a Composite Thin-Cylindrical Shell Embedded with Shape Memory Alloy Wires." In Advances in Composite Materials and Structures, 933–36. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-427-8.933.

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Minakuchi, Shu, Nobuo Takeda, and Yasuo Hirose. "Memorization and Detection of an Arrested Crack in Foam-Core Sandwich Structures Using Embedded Metal Wires and Fiber-Optic Sensors." In ICAF 2011 Structural Integrity: Influence of Efficiency and Green Imperatives, 507–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1664-3_40.

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Deri, Luca, Joseph Gasparakis, Peter Waskiewicz, and Francesco Fusco. "Wire-Speed Hardware-Assisted Traffic Filtering with Mainstream Network Adapters." In Advances in Network-Embedded Management and Applications, 71–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7753-3_5.

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Kucera, Markus, and Hans Mauser. "Probabilistic Optimization and Assessment of Voting Strategies for X-by-Wire Systems." In Software Technologies for Embedded and Ubiquitous Systems, 82–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75664-4_9.

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Endo, Nobutsuna. "Wire-Pulling Mechanism with Embedded Soft Tubes for Robot Tongue." In ROMANSY 23 - Robot Design, Dynamics and Control, 313–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58380-4_38.

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Kanchidurai, S., P. Jaishankar, R. Vidya, and Prakhash Neelamegam. "Fracture and Impact Studies on Steel Fibre and Wire Mesh Embedded Concrete." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 163–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6557-8_13.

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Leydesdorff, Loet. "The Communication Turn in Philosophy of Science." In Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Scientific and Scholarly Communication, 39–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59951-5_2.

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Abstract Whereas knowledge has often been attributed to individuals or, from a sociological perspective, to communities, a communications perspective on the sciences enables us to proceed to the measurement of the discursive knowledge contents. Knowledge claims are organized into texts which are entrained in evolving structures. The aggregated citation relations among journals, for example, can be used to visualize disciplinary structures. The structures are reproduced as “ecosystems” which differ among them in terms of using specific codes in the communications (e.g., jargons). Unlike biological DNA, these codes are not hard-wired; they can be changed in the communication. The sciences develop historically along trajectories embedded in regimes of expectations. Regimes exert selection pressure on the historical manifestations. The evolutionary dynamics at the regime level induce crises, bifurcations, etc., as historical events.
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Srivastava, Rupal, and Bishakh Bhattacharya. "Thermoelastic Response Analysis of a Shape Memory Alloy Wire Embedded Active Hybrid Bimorph Composite." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 129–46. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8049-9_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Embedded wires"

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Balta-Neumann, J. Antonio, Veronique J. Michaud, Magdelena Parlinska, Rolf Gotthardt, and Jan-Anders E. Manson. "Adaptive composites with embedded NiTiCu wires." In SPIE's 8th Annual International Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, edited by Christopher S. Lynch. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.432777.

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Kumar, Satish, Jayathi Y. Murthy, and M. A. Alam. "Simulation of Thermal Transport in Nanowire Composites for Macro-Electronics Applications." In ASME 2004 3rd Integrated Nanosystems Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nano2004-46059.

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Thermal transport in thin film transistors (TFTs) composed of nanowires embedded in plastic substrates is considered. Random ensembles of intersecting and contacting wires embedded in a substrate are analyzed using Fourier theory. Heat generation due to self-heating is included. A finite volume scheme is used to obtain the temperature solutions in the wires and substrate. Temperature profiles in the ensemble are investigated as a function of wire number density, wire-contact Biot number as well as the Biot number for heat transfer to the substrate.
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Hangekar, Rohan, Stephen Furst, and Stefan Seelecke. "Development of a 6-Channel Power Controller for Simultaneous Actuation and Resistance Measurement of SMA Wires." In ASME 2010 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2010-3846.

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The use of ‘multifunctional’ Shape Memory Alloy wires as embedded actuators and sensors has been proposed for numerous novel applications. The SMA wires are actuated as a result of the Joule heating induced by passing electric current through it. The resistance of the SMA wire can simultaneously be measured during its actuation enabling it to be used as sensor data that relates to the strain and temperature of the wire. In order to control actuation stroke from the SMA wire, the Joule heating (electric power supplied to the SMA wire) of the wire needs to be controlled. Therefore, a 6-channel power controller device has been developed that simultaneously controls the power supplied to six different SMA wires and measures the resistance of these wires during excitation. This paper continues from the previously presented concept of a multi-channel power controller implementation. The focus of this paper is to discuss the operation, calibration methods and optimization techniques to improve the performance and robustness of the device and to eliminate the issues in multi-channel implementation. Further, this device is implemented in a test setup to study the position control of SMA wire using resistance feedback. Results of these tests can be utilized in practical applications involving SMA wires as embedded actuators and sensors, such as Smart Inhaler system being developed at North Carolina State University.
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Nellen, Philipp M., Andreas Frank, Rolf Broennimann, Urs Meier, and Urs J. Sennhauser. "Fiber optical Bragg grating sensors embedded in CFRP wires." In 1999 Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, edited by Richard O. Claus and William B. Spillman, Jr. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.349758.

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Furst, Stephen J., David Bumgarner, and Stefan Seelecke. "Quantification of the Effectiveness of Various Conductive and Non-Conductive Epoxies as an Attachment Method for Small SMA Wires." In ASME 2009 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2009-1450.

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The discovery of thermoelastic behavior in shape memory alloys (SMA) such as Nitinol enabled the conceptualization of many applications where actuators and sensors are embedded into a structural component. These so called “adaptive structures” can be extremely compact and energy efficient. SMA wires show characteristics similar to that of muscle fibers, and thus enable replication of an animal’s musculoskeletal system. Also, SMA wires are extremely attractive in the biomedical field where compact robotic elements can reduce the invasiveness of some surgical procedures. Unfortunately, widespread implementation of adaptive structures actuated by small SMA-wires in industry has been hindered by two significant challenges. First, SMA wires exhibit hysteretic behavior during heating and cooling that can be difficult to model without substantial computation. Second, attaching a small (∼50–100 μm diameter) SMA wire is extremely difficult because standard methods such as crimping are infeasible. The goal of this study is to quantify the effectiveness of using adhesives to hold a small SMA wire. A wide range of commercially available adhesives are tested under the conditions relevant to an application where SMA-wires are embedded directly within a structure. Epoxies are tested so that the adhesive will bond to both plastic and metallic elements. The experimental setup is designed to test the failure shear stress between an SMA wire and adhesive. A wire is encapsulated in a small drop of adhesive. Then the area of the wire that is exposed to the adhesive is measured under a microscope and the wire is pulled as a load cell measures the tensile load. The force that causes failure of the bond is recorded and used to calculate the failure shear stress between the adhesive and wire. The effects of using wires with different surface temperatures, and handling procedures (i.e. washing with acetone and handling with latex gloves) are also tested. Measurements under each set of parameters are repeated and quantitative results are obtained.
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de Oliveira, Rui, Enrico Bigi, Antoine Sigg, Véronique Michaud, and Jan-Anders E. Månson. "Passive damping of composites with embedded shape memory alloy wires." In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, edited by Zoubeida Ounaies and Jiangyu Li. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.847570.

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"Natural Vibration Analysis of Sandwich Plates with Embedded SMA Wires." In 2nd International Conference on Innovations in Engineering and Technology. International Institute of Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iie.e0914014.

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Chiroiu, Veturia, Ligia Munteanu, Traian Badea, and Cornel Mihai Nicolescu. "On a Finger Model Actuated With Shape Memory Alloy Artificial Muscles." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41064.

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The simulation of a flexible finger, actuated with the shape memory alloys (SMAs) artificial muscles, is presented in the paper. The finger is modeled as a cylindrically rod with three embedded NiTi wires in a n aluminum matrix. Forces between NiTi wires causes bending in any plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the finger. The NiTi wires are heated above the austenitic start temperature by passing an electrical current, and the deflected wire tends to return to the initial configuration. Using characteristics of SMAs such as high damping capacity, super-elasticity, thermo-mechanical behavior and shape memory, the actuation for the finger is theoretically introduced and discussed.
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Weppenaar, Nick, and Bo Andersen. "Investigation of Tensile Armor Wire Breaks in Flexible Risers and a Method for Detection." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23103.

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Tensile armor wire breaks in flexible risers have been studied by measuring strain in wires during a series of full-scale dynamic pipe tension tests. This has resulted in an understanding of wire breaks described by parameters such as time evolution, spatial distribution and the scale of the measured strain change. With the measured strain data wire break events in flexible risers can be detected and discriminated from other events in the pipe structure. Hence, by instrumenting risers with a grid of fiber optical strain sensors embedded in the tensile wires a Wire Break Detection system can be implemented. The test data and the resulting knowledge of how strain variations from a wire break event propagate in a flexible riser are presented.
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Lara-Quintanilla, Adrian, and Harald E. N. Bersee. "Improvement of the Attainable Working Frequency of SMA Wires by Means of Active Cooling and Working Strain-Ratios." In ASME 2014 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2014-7464.

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Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are one of the most widely used smart materials. Their attractive characteristics make them interesting for the development of novel devices. Most of these devices make use of their shape memory effect or superelasticity; these effects are based on diffusionless phase transitions. SMAs can be used in different forms. In particular, wires are often used for actuation purposes because they exert linear forces and large strokes, up to the 8% of their original (memorized) length. However, they work at very low frequencies. SMAs are thermally activated. The limitation on their actuation bandwidth is a consequence of their capability to increase and decrease their temperature. The most common way of heating SMA wires is by Joule heating. Afterwards, they normally cool down by releasing thermal energy to their surroundings by conduction or convection. The heating and the cooling come from different physic’s principles and the cooling is a slower process than the heating one. Therefore, the cooling of SMAs is the main concern regarding to the SMA wire’s maximum attainable working frequency. In this paper, the effect of different applied heating and cooling rates on the resulting SMA wire’s working frequency is studied. Different heating rates have been applied to an SMA wire by applying different levels of electrical power. In a similar manner, different cooling rates have been applied to the wire by applying different forced airflows around the SMA wire. The use of a forced airflow has shown to increase the convective heat transfer coefficient between the wire and the surrounding air up to eight-fold. SMA wires’ working frequency depends on the amplitude of strains at which it performs. The higher the amplitude, the lower the maximum attainable frequency. Moreover, the relationship between the temperature and the strain is highly non-linear. For that reason, the range of strains in which the wire works has also an effect on the resulting attainable frequency for a given working amplitude. This is of great interest for SMA actuators since a similar working amplitude can result in very different attainable frequencies, depending on the range of temperatures within which the wire performs. Experimental results show that the SMA wire’s working frequency can be increased up to threefold by making it work within the appropriate temperature range. Afterwards, this improvement is reflected on the overall performance of the actuator in which the SMA wire is embedded.
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Reports on the topic "Embedded wires"

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Ritter, John J., Zachary Wingard, Tony Canami, and Andrew McBain. Visualization and Measurement of the Burning Surface of Wire-Embedded Energetic Materials, Part 1: JA2 and Pentolite. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada606477.

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