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Sedrak, Mina Samir, Roger B. Cohen, Raina M. Merchant, and Marilyn M. Schapira. "Cancer communication in the social media age: Could Twitter help clinical trial accrual?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 7_suppl (March 1, 2016): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.194.
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194 Background: Twitter, a social networking site, is transforming communication. Effective use of Twitter might be one way to communicate with the public about cancer clinical trials and increase awareness and perhaps enrollment. We conducted a content analysis of tweets about lung cancer, describing dialogues specific to lung cancer clinical trials and seeing where embedded-links in tweets about therapeutic trials are leading the public. Methods: We used the Twitter search engine to identify a cohort of 26,059 tweets with the keyword “lung cancer” from January 5 - 21, 2015. Tweets were captured and prepared using Nvivo qualitative data analysis software. Duplicate and non-English tweets were excluded. Of the remaining 15,346 unique tweets, 1,516 (10%) were randomly selected for detailed content analysis (kappa = 0.71). Tweets related to clinical trials underwent further analysis to categorize the trial type and embedded-links. University of Pennsylvania IRB exempted this study from review. Results: Most, 83% (1,260/1,516) of tweets in our sample contained lung cancer-specific content and 17% (256/1,516) were categorized as miscellaneous (e.g., extraneous content, non-sequiturs). Table 1 shows the distribution of content categories of lung cancer related tweets by frequency. Most of the tweets focused on support or prevention. Among the lung cancer related tweets, 18% (221/1,260) related to clinical trials. Of clinical trial tweets, 83% (183/221) concerned therapeutic trials, 13% (28/221) non-therapeutic, and 4% (10/221) basic research. Among the therapeutic clinical trial tweets, 79% (144/183) concerned immunotherapy and 86% (158/183) had embedded-links directing users to news articles. Only 1 tweet linked to a patient recruitment website. Conclusions: A significant proportion of lung cancer tweets are about clinical trials, but virtually none direct patients to enrollment sites. Twitter is a new communication medium for the cancer community, and further research is needed to test its potential to promote clinical trial accrual. [Table: see text]
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Gul, Sumeer, Tariq Ahmad Shah, Muzaffer Ahad, Mir Mubashir, Suhail Ahmad, Muntaha Gul, and Shueb Sheikh. "Twitter sentiments related to natural calamities." Electronic Library 36, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 38–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-12-2015-0244.
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Purpose The study aims to showcase public sentiments via social media, Twitter, during 2014 floods of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on content analysis of tweets related to Kashmir floods. Search was performed with “#kashmirfloods” and was confined to tweets posted from 4 September 2014 through 3 November 2014. A naturalistic approach was applied to examine the content and classify tweets into 5 major and 25 sub categories. Data as such collected were tabulated in SPSS 21 for analysis. Findings During the study period, individuals, news channels, and organisations posted a total of 36,697 tweets related to Kashmir floods. It all started with an outburst of tweets which goes on declining (exponentially) with every passing day. People express themselves in a number of ways with informational tweets used more during the time of disaster. Individuals expressing their sentiments outscore other types of sentiments with text-based tweets ranking high. About 44 per cent of tweets were retweeted, and nearly 31 per cent tweets were marked favourite. Comparatively, more number of informational and help tweets were retweeted or marked favourite. Contextual richness of tweet (i.e. number of embedded expressions) enhances its visibility by means of getting liked and/or retweeted. A statistically significant positive association is observed between the number of expressions in a tweet and the number of times it is liked (favourite) or retweeted. Research limitations/implications Twitter plays a pivotal role during natural calamities like Kashmir floods to connect people in the hour of need and help. It provides a platform where the plight of people is heard across the globe and which encourages people to unite and overcome hurdles together. Originality/value This study examines the sentiments of people expressed during Jammu and Kashmir (India) Floods 2014 on social media – Twitter.
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Pérez Garcias, Adolfina, Gemma Tur, Antònia Darder Mesquida, and Victoria I. Marín. "Reflexive Skills in Teacher Education: A Tweet a Week." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (April 14, 2020): 3161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083161.
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Social media has been broadly used in the context of higher education for educational purposes due to students’ familiarity with this type of communication. As one of the most interesting cases, Twitter has often been used in teacher education for many purposes. One of the most unexplored themes is using Twitter for reflexive aims, in which discussions featuring ambiguous and contradictory results about whether the characteristics of such a short format can promote reflexive writing. This study is aimed at contributing to this research gap and explores the possibilities of using Twitter for reflective aims in teacher education, considering the reflective level of students’ tweets and students’ perceptions after engaging on Twitter. For the evaluation of this reflection, a content analysis of tweets texts and emojis has been carried out by coding their content and developing an instrument to assess their reflective level. Additionally, perceptions of students have been collected through an online survey. This study is embedded in a design-based research process that is already in its fourth cycle. Findings show that most tweets are descriptive or analytical, and that tweets are mainly text-based. Furthermore, the data show that low-level reflective tweets may include emojis, which are mainly positive and located at the end of a tweet. The conclusions suggest that Twitter could be more useful when reflections are made during learning rather than on learning.
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Lukito, Josephine, Jiyoun Suk, Yini Zhang, Larissa Doroshenko, Sang Jung Kim, Min-Hsin Su, Yiping Xia, Deen Freelon, and Chris Wells. "The Wolves in Sheep’s Clothing: How Russia’s Internet Research Agency Tweets Appeared in U.S. News as Vox Populi." International Journal of Press/Politics 25, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 196–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940161219895215.
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The Russian-sponsored Internet Research Agency’s (IRA) use of social media to influence U.S. political discourse is undoubtedly troubling. However, scholarly attention has focused on social media, overlooking the role that news media within the country played in amplifying false, foreign messages. In this article, we examine articles in the U.S. news media system that quoted IRA tweets through the lens of changing journalism practices in the hybrid media system, focusing specifically on news gatekeepers’ use of tweets as vox populi. We find that a majority of the IRA tweets embedded in the news were vox populi. That is, IRA tweets were quoted (1) for their opinion, (2) as coming from everyday Twitter users, and (3) with a collection of other tweets holistically representing public sentiment. These findings raise concerns about how modern gatekeeping practices, transformed due to the hybrid media system, may also unintentionally let in unwanted disinformation from malicious actors.
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Duwairi, Rehab, Amena Hayajneh, and Muhannad Quwaider. "A Deep Learning Framework for Automatic Detection of Hate Speech Embedded in Arabic Tweets." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 46, no. 4 (February 5, 2021): 4001–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13369-021-05383-3.
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Dr. Mamona Yasmin Khan, Syeda Aeliya Raza, and Farhana Yasmin. "Teaching Power Construction in EFL Classes through Tweets: A Discourse Analytic Based Study." Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review (RJSSER) 2, no. 1 (March 16, 2021): 317–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/rjsser-vol2-iss1-2021(317-329).
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Communicative approaches and methods are still found to be inadequate in addressing the pedagogical issues of EFL learners. In developing countries, there is a dire need for EFL teachers to make the students understand and deconstruct ideologies embedded in the English language. The study sets out to define and explore the ways and dimensions of Critical Discourse Analysis that will assist EFL teachers to reveal and teach power constructions embedded in language. This study focuses on The Ideological Square Model of CDA proposed by Van Dijk (2000). Following a mixed-method approach, twenty tweets of Donald Trump are selected through random sampling dated from 27th May to 5th October 2020. The analysis reveals that Trump’s tweets expose polarization, use of pronouns (54% in-group pronouns, and 46% Out-group pronoun) emphasize positive In-Group representation. These ways expose the stances of extreme power use, criticism, and discriminatory attitude towards Out-Group and reveal that the centralizations of all authorities are entitled to In-Group that holds the status quo. The research implies that EFL learners will be better able to aware of ideological constructions of language by the CDA in teaching. This study can be expanded by adopting CDA as a teaching tool in EFL classes, which can be used to expose and deconstruct many other ideologies like, Feminism, Racism, and Marxism etc. that are rooted in language.
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Mathur, Puneet, Ramit Sawhney, and Rajiv Ratn Shah. "Suicide Risk Assessment via Temporal Psycholinguistic Modeling (Student Abstract)." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 10 (April 3, 2020): 13873–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i10.7209.
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Social media platforms are increasingly being used for studying psycho-linguistic phenomenon to model expressions of suicidal intent in tweets. Most recent work in suicidal ideation detection doesn't leverage contextual psychological cues. In this work, we hypothesize that the contextual information embedded in the form of historical activities of users and homophily networks formed between like-minded individuals in Twitter can substantially improve existing techniques for automated identification of suicidal tweets. This premise is extensively tested to yield state of the art results as compared to linguistic only models, and the state-of-the-art model.
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Bel-Enguix, Gemma, Helena Gómez-Adorno, Alejandro Pimentel, Sergio-Luis Ojeda-Trueba, and Brian Aguilar-Vizuet. "Negation Detection on Mexican Spanish Tweets: The T-MexNeg Corpus." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (April 25, 2021): 3880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11093880.
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In this paper, we introduce the T-MexNeg corpus of Tweets written in Mexican Spanish. It consists of 13,704 Tweets, of which 4895 contain negation structures. We performed an analysis of negation statements embedded in the language employed on social media. This research paper aims to present the annotation guidelines along with a novel resource targeted at the negation detection task. The corpus was manually annotated with labels of negation cue, scope, and, event. We report the analysis of the inter-annotator agreement for all the components of the negation structure. This resource is freely available. Furthermore, we performed various experiments to automatically identify negation using the T-MexNeg corpus and the SFU ReviewSP-NEG for training a machine learning algorithm. By comparing two different methodologies, one based on a dictionary and the other based on the Conditional Random Fields algorithm, we found that the results of negation identification on Twitter are lower when the model is trained on the SFU ReviewSP-NEG Corpus. Therefore, this paper shows the importance of having resources built specifically to deal with social media language.
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Chong, Miyoung. "Discovering fake news embedded in the opposing hashtag activism networks on Twitter: #Gunreformnow vs. #NRA." Open Information Science 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opis-2019-0010.
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Abstract After Russia’s malicious attempts to influence the 2016 presidential election were revealed, “fake news” gained notoriety and became a popular term in political discourses and related research areas. Empirical research about fake news in diverse settings is in the beginning phase while research has revealed limitedly that “what we know about fake news so far is predominantly based on anecdotal evidence.” The purpose of this study is to investigate fake news included in politically opposing hashtag activism, #Gunreformnow and #NRA (The National Rifle Association). This study attempted to lay out the process of identifying fake news in the hashtag activism network on Twitter as a two-step process: 1) hashtag frequency analysis, top word-pair analysis, and social network analysis and 2) qualitative content analysis. This study discovered several frames through a qualitative approach. One of the prominent fake news frames was intentionally misleading information that attacks the opposing political party and its advocators. The disinformation tweets overall presented far-right wing ideologies and included multiple hashtags and a YouTube video to promote and distribute their agendas while calling for coalition of far-right wing supporters. However, the fake news tweets often failed to provide a reliable source to back up credibility of the content.
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Luzón, María José, and Sofía Albero-Posac. "‘Had a lovely week at #conference2018 ’: An Analysis of Interaction through Conference Tweets." RELC Journal 51, no. 1 (March 3, 2020): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033688219896862.
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Twitter has become a common feature of academic conferences, used by organizers to provide information about the conference and by attendees to engage in discussion about the conference topics, share information, and create social links and networks within the community. This study examines the tweets from two conferences in Applied Linguistics in order to analyse the networked language practices of scholars using Twitter during conferences. More specifically, in this study we address the following questions: (i) what are the purposes for which scholars in this disciplinary community use Twitter during conferences? (ii) how are different semiotic resources (e.g. linguistic forms, pictures, videos, embedded slides) combined to orchestrate meaning and achieve these various rhetorical purposes? We also look at how Twitter features (hashtags, replies, retweets, mentions) contribute to these rhetorical purposes. The analysis reveals that tweets are mostly intended to create and maintain cohesive links or to encourage peers to perform specific actions. In order to achieve these functions scholars compose their tweets by using a variety of (linguistic and non-linguistic) expressions of stance and engagement (Hyland, 2005). We suggest that, given the increasingly important role of social media for scholarly communication, a central concern of EAP courses should be to help students develop the competence of composing multimodal texts. Scholars need to understand the ways in which the multiple semiotic resources available to them in social media can be used effectively to engage other members of the community in these new digital contexts.
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Zheni, Thouraya. "Speech Acts and Hegemony in Discourse." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 2, no. 4 (December 26, 2020): 215–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v2i4.476.
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Language users may use the standardized forms of speech acts as a strategy to achieve their own purposes, like political agendas. This is the objective of the present study, which focuses on the manipulation of speech acts in Donald Trump’s tweets on the US-Iranian crisis. More specifically, the current research paper sheds light on hegemony in political discourse and how it is embedded in assertive, commissive, directive, declarative and expressive speech acts. The tweets of Donald Trump, delivered between January 2017 and December 2019 and related to the US-Iranian crisis, will be analyzed within the framework of Speech Act Theory. The results of the current research show that Trump’s use of speech acts demystifies his hegemonic tone towards Iranian leaders. His power is mediated explicitly via directives and commissives, while it is exerted implicitly via expressives and assertives. His use of direct and indirect speech acts reveals Trump’s ambivalence and willingness to solve the US-Iranian nuclear crisis via both hegemony and diplomacy.
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Wang, Xiaobao, Di Jin, Katarzyna Musial, and Jianwu Dang. "Topic Enhanced Sentiment Spreading Model in Social Networks Considering User Interest." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 01 (April 3, 2020): 989–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i01.5447.
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Emotion is a complex emotional state, which can affect our physiology and psychology and lead to behavior changes. The spreading process of emotions in the text-based social networks is referred to as sentiment spreading. In this paper, we study an interesting problem of sentiment spreading in social networks. In particular, by employing a text-based social network (Twitter) , we try to unveil the correlation between users' sentimental statuses and topic distributions embedded in the tweets, then to automatically learn the influence strength between linked users. Furthermore, we introduce user interest to refine the influence strength. We develop a unified probabilistic framework to formalize the problem into a topic-enhanced sentiment spreading model. The model can predict users' sentimental statuses based on their historical emotional status, topic distributions in tweets and social structures. Experiments on the Twitter dataset show that the proposed model significantly outperforms several alternative methods in predicting users' sentimental status. We also discover an intriguing phenomenon that positive and negative sentiment is more relevant to user interest than neutral ones. Our method offers a new opportunity to understand the underlying mechanism of sentimental spreading in online social networks.
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Hernandez-Suarez, Aldo, Gabriel Sanchez-Perez, Karina Toscano-Medina, Hector Perez-Meana, Jose Portillo-Portillo, Victor Sanchez, and Luis García Villalba. "Using Twitter Data to Monitor Natural Disaster Social Dynamics: A Recurrent Neural Network Approach with Word Embeddings and Kernel Density Estimation." Sensors 19, no. 7 (April 11, 2019): 1746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071746.
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In recent years, Online Social Networks (OSNs) have received a great deal of attention for their potential use in the spatial and temporal modeling of events owing to the information that can be extracted from these platforms. Within this context, one of the most latent applications is the monitoring of natural disasters. Vital information posted by OSN users can contribute to relief efforts during and after a catastrophe. Although it is possible to retrieve data from OSNs using embedded geographic information provided by GPS systems, this feature is disabled by default in most cases. An alternative solution is to geoparse specific locations using language models based on Named Entity Recognition (NER) techniques. In this work, a sensor that uses Twitter is proposed to monitor natural disasters. The approach is intended to sense data by detecting toponyms (named places written within the text) in tweets with event-related information, e.g., a collapsed building on a specific avenue or the location at which a person was last seen. The proposed approach is carried out by transforming tokenized tweets into word embeddings: a rich linguistic and contextual vector representation of textual corpora. Pre-labeled word embeddings are employed to train a Recurrent Neural Network variant, known as a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (biLSTM) network, that is capable of dealing with sequential data by analyzing information in both directions of a word (past and future entries). Moreover, a Conditional Random Field (CRF) output layer, which aims to maximize the transition from one NER tag to another, is used to increase the classification accuracy. The resulting labeled words are joined to coherently form a toponym, which is geocoded and scored by a Kernel Density Estimation function. At the end of the process, the scored data are presented graphically to depict areas in which the majority of tweets reporting topics related to a natural disaster are concentrated. A case study on Mexico’s 2017 Earthquake is presented, and the data extracted during and after the event are reported.
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Habtoor, Hussein Ali, and Ghzail Faleh Almutlagah. "Intra-Sentential Code-Switching among Bilingual Saudis on Twitter." International Journal of Linguistics 10, no. 2 (March 30, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v10i2.12915.
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Code switching (CS) is a common phenomenon in language contact situations wherein bilinguals utilize two languages in the same context. This study investigated the occurrence of intra-sentential code switching by 12 bilingual Saudi females on twitter who differed in age and education. The data were collected by taking screenshot for 1260 tweets. Data were analysed statistically to show the phenomena of Arabic- English code switching. Moreover, a qualitative method was used for data analysis. Findings of the study showed that code-switching was observed clearly on twitter and that intra-sentential code-switching occurs frequently. It was also observed that at the level of particular syntactic categories in Arabic-English CS, nouns were the most often switched elements in the corpus. This study focused on nouns and verbs as examples of these syntactic categories of CS. English as inserted language was mostly used by participant, so the study focused on Arabic sentences in which English is the embedded language. Finally, it is found that the most inserted words in English were related to the internet and other social aspects.
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Illia, Laura, Elanor Colleoni, and Katia Meggiorin. "How infomediaries on Twitter influence business outcomes of a bank." International Journal of Bank Marketing 39, no. 5 (February 1, 2021): 709–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-08-2020-0414.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically explore under which conditions Tweets of infomediaries (i.e. ordinary users having few or no followers on Twitter) might nevertheless promote a negative sentiment toward a corporation to the point of having a negative impact on the corporation's outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical study is based on a unique database that combines a sample of one year of Twitter conversations about an Italian bank and its daily business performances (i.e. number of closures and openings). The relationship between these two is analyzed using autoregressive time series models (VAR).FindingsFindings indicate that a tweet affects a bank’s outcomes only when embedded in a larger conversation about the bank, rather than simply repetitively shared. These findings contribute to two debates within bank marketing literature. First is the debate about the role of infomediaries in banks' outcomes, as it urges to reconsider the way banks' online reputation is conceptualized and measured. Second is the debate on opportunities and threats of social media for the banking industry, as it indicates that negative sentiment expressed by the general public influences not only stock markets but also directly banks' outcomes.Originality/valueThis study allows managers and corporations to understand what to do when conversations of unknown individuals become threatening for the company. To influence such situations, the company should identify not only the actors that are influencers but also the communications that have been popular in the past for their brand or the brand of their competitors and monitor the conversational volume and broadness.
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Dhaoui, Chedia, Cynthia M. Webster, and Lay Peng Tan. "Social media sentiment analysis: lexicon versus machine learning." Journal of Consumer Marketing 34, no. 6 (September 11, 2017): 480–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-03-2017-2141.
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Purpose With the soaring volumes of brand-related social media conversations, digital marketers have extensive opportunities to track and analyse consumers’ feelings and opinions about brands, products or services embedded within consumer-generated content (CGC). These “Big Data” opportunities render manual approaches to sentiment analysis impractical and raise the need to develop automated tools to analyse consumer sentiment expressed in text format. This paper aims to evaluate and compare the performance of two prominent approaches to automated sentiment analysis applied to CGC on social media and explores the benefits of combining them. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 850 consumer comments from 83 Facebook brand pages are used to test and compare lexicon-based and machine learning approaches to sentiment analysis, as well as their combination, using the LIWC2015 lexicon and RTextTools machine learning package. Findings Results show the two approaches are similar in accuracy, both achieving higher accuracy when classifying positive sentiment than negative sentiment. However, they differ substantially in their classification ensembles. The combined approach demonstrates significantly improved performance in classifying positive sentiment. Research limitations/implications Further research is required to improve the accuracy of negative sentiment classification. The combined approach needs to be applied to other kinds of CGCs on social media such as tweets. Practical implications The findings inform decision-making around which sentiment analysis approaches (or a combination thereof) is best to analyse CGC on social media. Originality/value This study combines two sentiment analysis approaches and demonstrates significantly improved performance.
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Murthy, Dhiraj, Alexander Gross, and Marisa McGarry. "Visual Social Media and Big Data. Interpreting Instagram Images Posted on Twitter." Digital Culture & Society 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 113–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/dcs-2016-0208.
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Abstract Social media such as Twitter and Instagram are fast, free, and multicast. These attributes make them particularly useful for crisis communication. However, the speed and volume also make them challenging to study. Historically, journalists controlled what/how images represented crises. Large volumes of social media can change the politics of representing disasters. However, methodologically, it is challenging to study visual social media data. Specifically, the process is usually labour-intensive, using human coding of images to discern themes and subjects. For this reason, Studies investigating social media during crises tend to examine text. In addition, application programming interfaces (APIs) for visual social media services such as Instagram and Snapchat are restrictive or even non-existent. Our work uses images posted by Instagram users on Twitter during Hurricane Sandy as a case study. This particular case is unique as it is perhaps the first US disaster where Instagram played a key role in how victims experienced Sandy. It is also the last major US disaster to take place before Instagram images were removed from Twitter feeds. Our sample consists of 11,964 Instagram images embedded into tweets during a twoweek timeline surrounding Hurricane Sandy. We found that the production and consumption of selfies, food/drink, pets, and humorous macro images highlight possible changes in the politics of representing disasters - a potential turn from top-down understandings of disasters to bottom-up, citizen informed views. Ultimately, we argue that image data produced during crises has potential value in helping us understand the social experience of disasters, but studying these types of data presents theoretical and methodological challenges.
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LoRusso, James. "To Tweet or Not To Tweet?" Bulletin for the Study of Religion 43, no. 1 (February 14, 2014): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/bsor.v43i1.40.
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This piece argues that new technologies generally, and social media in particular, are too often accepted uncritically and incorporated hastily into course designs for the humanities. The author encourages teachers to ask two basic questions when considering social media in the classroom: 1. Does social media actually improve the learning process? And 2. How are these technologies embedded in the larger socio-economic context?
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Nahlinder, Staffan, Peter Berggren, and Bjorn Persson. "Increasing Training Efficiency Using Embedded Pedagogical Tools in a Combat Flight Simulator." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 25 (September 2005): 2197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504902517.
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Many flight simulators today are made to provide a realistic environment for training. However, they often lack the possibility of providing pedagogical feedback to the person in training as well as feedback to any instructor leading the training. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the usefulness of several pedagogical tools embedded in a flight simulator and to examine their potential for increasing training efficiency. Twenty students and instructors from the Swedish Air Force Flying Training School volunteered in this study. Seven embedded pedagogical tools were assessed using questionnaires. There was a quite consistent opinion in favor of the pedagogical tools implying that the embedded pedagogical tools is the way forward in training simulator development. The results from the present study are believed to be equally valid in many other areas besides flight simulators.
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Lequesne, Christian. "Shaping Europe: France, Germany, and Embedded Bilateralism from the Elysée Treaty to Twenty-First Century Politics." West European Politics 37, no. 3 (May 4, 2014): 668–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2014.900223.
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Gardelis, S., V. Gianneta, and A. G. Nassiopoulou. "Twenty-fold plasmon-induced enhancement of radiative emission rate in silicon nanocrystals embedded in silicon dioxide." Journal of Luminescence 170 (February 2016): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2015.10.029.
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Chen, Ke Yi, Xiao Yue Zheng, and Hui Yu. "Study for Embedded Colony Algorithm Based on Morphological Technology." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 2173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.2173.
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The fast image processing based on iterative erosion principle can complete separation of colony image of adhesion target quickly. This algorithm is composed of local threshold method of image binarization; the morphological processing, analyzing; removing the edge based on Hough Transform and using improved iterative erosion algorithm to adhesion target segmentation and counting. The algorithm has scale invariance and self-adaption for recognition different size colony target. The conditional expansion algorithm designed in the paper can effectively modify the count mistakes which are caused by fragments formed by the segmentation of large size targets in the iterative and erosion processes. The algorithm has been applied in portable colony counting instrument on ARM11 embedded platform. Twenty heterotrophic bacterial samples have been tested in experiments. The results show that this algorithm can realize the image segmentation rapidly and effectively and the time of analysis is less than 2 seconds. The images edge detection rate can reach 100%. The detection accuracy can get the requirements of GB 4789.2-2010 and achieve deviation of 3% in colonies’ total number less than 300CFU.The applied of algorithm is widely in the similar particle image analysis system.
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Arafa, Mohammed, Mamoun A. Alqedra, and Ragheb Salim. "Performance of RC Beams with Embedded Steel Trusses Using Nonlinear FEM Analysis." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (December 13, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9079818.
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The current study investigates the shear performance of reinforced concrete (RC) beams with embedded steel trusses at small shear span to depth ratios a/d using nonlinear finite element (FE) model. Twenty-one (FE) models have been built using ABAQUS software to investigate the effect of different a/d ratios and web reinforcement on the shear performance and failure load of RC beams with embedded steel trusses. This research focuses on obtaining failure loads, failure modes, crack propagation, and midspan deflection from the developed FE models. The numerical results indicated that, using RC beams with embedded truss with different a/d ratios increased significantly the ultimate shear strength compared with the common RC beams. Furthermore, the numerical results confirmed that embedment of steel trusses in RC beams would significantly improve the structural behavior of RC beams at different a/d ratios. In addition, the results indicated that the shear reinforcement has a small effect on failure and midspan deflection of RC beams with embedded angle trusses at different a/d ratios.
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Appel, René. "De Woordenschat Van Allochtone Tweede-Taalverwervers; Werk in Uitvoering." Toegepaste Taalwetenschap in Artikelen 61 (January 1, 1999): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.61.02app.
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The general introduction of this article deals with the quantitative and qualitative differen-ces between the vocabularies of first and second language learners. Quantitative differen-ces concern the number of words 'known' and qualitative differences have to do with the level' of word knowledge, for instance with the way words are embedded in the semantic network or with the proficiency in providing collocations. The second part of the article describes work in progress, i.e. two projects on the quality of word knowledge. The first project is on the acquisition of polysemous words (the knowledge of multiple word meanings). The results of a pilot study are reported. The second project is an educational experiment aiming at improving the deep word knowledge of minority children in their second language ('deep word knowledge' is seen as the knowledge of the various relations between words in the semantic network, especially the conceptual hierarchical relations).
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Wright, ET, JW Jacobberger, TP Pretlow, and TG Pretlow. "Recovery of nuclei from glycol-methacrylate-embedded tissue." Blood 76, no. 8 (October 15, 1990): 1622–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v76.8.1622.1622.
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Abstract The analysis of antigens, enzyme histochemical markers, and DNA has become an important part of the classification of some leukemias, lymphomas, and other neoplastic diseases. Many of the relevant antigens and most of the relevant enzyme histochemical activities are destroyed and others are less than optimally preserved in tissues embedded in hot paraffin. Most enzymatic activities and antigens are well preserved in tissues embedded at 4 degrees C in glycol methacrylate (GMA). The measurement of DNA content in neoplastic cells with the most commonly employed techniques depended on the availability of fresh suspensions of cells until the development by Hedley of methods that permit the recovery of nuclei from paraffin blocks for this purpose. In order to facilitate the analysis of antigens, enzymatic markers, and DNA from the same sample of tissue, we have developed a means of recovery of nuclei from GMA-embedded tissues. Twenty-microns-thick sections of GMA- embedded tonsil were either pretreated with an organic solvent (absolute ethanol or 2-ethoxyethanol) followed by rehydration in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or directly rehydrated in PBS. The suspensions were formed mechanically by gentle sonication. The type of fixative and length of PBS rehydration were varied. Tissue fixed in 100% acetone, embedded in GMA, and rehydrated directly in PBS for six days gave the highest average yield of nuclei, 3.7 x 10(7) nuclei per gram tissue. In order to assess DNA binding of fluorescent dyes, 2- microns-thick GMA sections were stained with chromomycin, Hoechst 33342 (Sigma Chemical, St Louis, MO), and propidium iodide. Hoechst 33342 bound specifically to the nuclei with low background staining.
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Wright, ET, JW Jacobberger, TP Pretlow, and TG Pretlow. "Recovery of nuclei from glycol-methacrylate-embedded tissue." Blood 76, no. 8 (October 15, 1990): 1622–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v76.8.1622.bloodjournal7681622.
Full textAbstract:
The analysis of antigens, enzyme histochemical markers, and DNA has become an important part of the classification of some leukemias, lymphomas, and other neoplastic diseases. Many of the relevant antigens and most of the relevant enzyme histochemical activities are destroyed and others are less than optimally preserved in tissues embedded in hot paraffin. Most enzymatic activities and antigens are well preserved in tissues embedded at 4 degrees C in glycol methacrylate (GMA). The measurement of DNA content in neoplastic cells with the most commonly employed techniques depended on the availability of fresh suspensions of cells until the development by Hedley of methods that permit the recovery of nuclei from paraffin blocks for this purpose. In order to facilitate the analysis of antigens, enzymatic markers, and DNA from the same sample of tissue, we have developed a means of recovery of nuclei from GMA-embedded tissues. Twenty-microns-thick sections of GMA- embedded tonsil were either pretreated with an organic solvent (absolute ethanol or 2-ethoxyethanol) followed by rehydration in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or directly rehydrated in PBS. The suspensions were formed mechanically by gentle sonication. The type of fixative and length of PBS rehydration were varied. Tissue fixed in 100% acetone, embedded in GMA, and rehydrated directly in PBS for six days gave the highest average yield of nuclei, 3.7 x 10(7) nuclei per gram tissue. In order to assess DNA binding of fluorescent dyes, 2- microns-thick GMA sections were stained with chromomycin, Hoechst 33342 (Sigma Chemical, St Louis, MO), and propidium iodide. Hoechst 33342 bound specifically to the nuclei with low background staining.
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Naik Dessai, Sanket Suresh, and Varuna Eswer. "Embedded Software Testing to Determine BCM5354 Processor Performance." International Journal of Software Engineering and Technologies (IJSET) 1, no. 3 (December 1, 2016): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijset.v1i3.4577.
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Efficiency of a processor is a critical factor for an embedded system. One of the deciding factors for efficiency is the functioning of the L1 cache and Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB). Certain processors have the L1 cache and TLB managed by the operating system, MIPS32 is one such processor. The performance of the L1 cache and TLB necessitates a detailed study to understand its management during varied load on the processor. This paper presents an implementation of embedded testing procedure to analyse the performance of the MIPS32 processor L1 cache and TLB management by the operating system (OS). The implementation proposed for embedded testing in the paper considers the counting of the respective cache and TLB management instruction execution, which is an event that is measurable with the use of dedicated counters. The lack of hardware counters in the MIPS32 processor results in the usage of software based event counters that are defined in the kernel. This paper implements embedding testbed with a subset of MIPS32 processor performance measurement metrics using software based counters. Techniques were developed to overcome the challenges posed by the kernel source code. To facilitate better understanding of the testbed implementation procedure of the software based processor performance counters; use-case analysis diagram, flow charts, screen shots, and knowledge nuggets are supplemented along with histograms of the cache and TLB events data generated by the proposed implementation. In this testbed twenty-seven metrics have been identified and implemented to provide data related to the events of the L1 cache and TLB on the MIPS32 processor. The generated data can be used in tuning of compiler, OS memory management design, system benchmarking, scalability, analysing architectural issues, address space analysis, understanding bus communication, kernel profiling, and workload characterisation.
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MOSS, DAVID. "The gift of repentance: a Maussian perspective on twenty years of pentimento in Italy." European Journal of Sociology 42, no. 2 (November 2001): 297–331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000397560100100x.
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The influence of Marcel Mauss' study The Gift has largely been confined to the study of the circulation of goods and the social relations in which their transfer is embedded. One of Mauss' principal aims, however, was to show the political importance of gift-giving in averting the recourse to violence. In this paper, his approach to the offering, receiving and reciprocating of gifts is used to analyse the phenomenon of pentimento – the exchange of confessions for reduced sentences by terrorists and mafiosi which has become a central feature of the effort to combat organised violence in Italy since 1980.
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Homel, Ross. "Developmental Crime Prevention in the Twenty-first Century: Generating Better Evidence Embedded in Large-scale Delivery Systems." Journal of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology 7, no. 1 (March 2021): 112–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40865-021-00163-x.
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Pinheiro, Eduardo, Octavian Postolache, and Pedro Girão. "Study on Ballistocardiogram Acquisition in a Moving Wheelchair with Embedded Sensors." Metrology and Measurement Systems 19, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 739–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10178-012-0065-0.
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Abstract Embedding cardiac system sensing devices in wheelchairs is both necessary and attractive. Elders, diabetics, or stroke victims are a substantial group needing permanent cardiac monitoring, without restriction of their already limited mobility. A set of sensing devices was embedded in a wheelchair to monitor the user without his awareness and intervention. A dual-wavelength reflection photoplethysmogram (PPG), and a ballistocardiogram (BCG) based on MEMS accelerometers and on electromechanical film sensors are output by the hardware. Tests were conduced on twenty one subjects, for an immobility scenario. Additional recordings were made for helped propulsion over a tiled floor course, with good results in keeping track of acceleration BCG and PPG. A treadmill was also used for tests, providing a smooth floor and constant speed and inclination. The PPG and acceleration BCG could be continuously monitored in all the tests. The developed system proves to be a good solution to monitor cardiac activity of wheelchair users even during motion.
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Gardner, Jerad M., and Timothy C. Allen. "Keep Calm and Tweet On: Legal and Ethical Considerations for Pathologists Using Social Media." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 143, no. 1 (August 22, 2018): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2018-0313-sa.
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Recent privacy breaches by a major social media company have again raised questions from some pathologists regarding the legality and ethics of sharing pathology images on social media. The authors examined ethical principles as well as historic and legal precedents relevant to pathology medical photography. Taking and sharing photographs of pathology specimens is embedded into the culture of the specialty of pathology and has been for more than a century. In general, the pathologist who takes the photograph of a gross or microscopic specimen owns the copyright to that photograph. Patient consent is not legally or ethically required to take or use deidentified photographs of pathology specimens. Current US privacy laws (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act [HIPAA] of 1996) permit public sharing of deidentified pathology photographs without specific patient consent, even on social media. There is no case law of action taken against pathologists for sharing deidentified pathology images on social media or elsewhere. If there is any legal risk for pathologists or risk of patient harm in sharing pathology photographs, it is very small. The benefits of professional social media use for pathologists, patients, and society are numerous and well documented in the literature.
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Barberá, Pablo. "Birds of the Same Feather Tweet Together: Bayesian Ideal Point Estimation Using Twitter Data." Political Analysis 23, no. 1 (2015): 76–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpu011.
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Politicians and citizens increasingly engage in political conversations on social media outlets such as Twitter. In this article, I show that the structure of the social networks in which they are embedded can be a source of information about their ideological positions. Under the assumption that social networks are homophilic, I develop a Bayesian Spatial Following model that considers ideology as a latent variable, whose value can be inferred by examining which politics actors each user is following. This method allows us to estimate ideology for more actors than any existing alternative, at any point in time and across many polities. I apply this method to estimate ideal points for a large sample of both elite and mass public Twitter users in the United States and five European countries. The estimated positions of legislators and political parties replicate conventional measures of ideology. The method is also able to successfully classify individuals who state their political preferences publicly and a sample of users matched with their party registration records. To illustrate the potential contribution of these estimates, I examine the extent to which online behavior during the 2012 US presidential election campaign is clustered along ideological lines.
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Eswer, Varuna, and Sanket Suresh Naik Dessai. "Embedded Software Engineering Approach to Implement BCM5354 Processor Performance." International Journal of Software Engineering and Technologies (IJSET) 1, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijset.v1i1.4568.
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Efficiency of a processor is a critical factor for an embedded system. One of the deciding factors for efficiency is the functioning of the L1 cache and Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB). Certain processors have the L1 cache and TLB managed by the operating system, MIPS32 is one such processor. The performance of the L1 cache and TLB necessitates a detailed study to understand its management during varied load on the processor. This paper presents an implementation to analyse the performance of the MIPS32 processor L1 cache and TLB management by the operating system (OS) using software engineering approach. Software engineering providing better clearity for the system developemt and its performance analysis.In the initial stage if the requirement analysis for the performance measurment sort very clearly,the methodologies for the implementation becomes very economical without any ambigunity.In this paper a implementation is proposed to determine the processor performance metrics using a software engineering approach considering the counting of the respective cache and TLB management instruction execution, which is an event that is measurable with the use of dedicated counters. The lack of hardware counters in the MIPS32 processor results in the usage of software based event counters that are defined in the kernel. This paper implements a subset of MIPS32 processor performance measurement metrics using software based counters. Techniques were developed to overcome the challenges posed by the kernel source code. To facilitate better understanding of the implementation procedure of the software based processor performance counters; use-case analysis diagram, flow charts, screen shots, and knowledge nuggets are supplemented along with histograms of the cache and TLB events data generated by the proposed implementation. Twenty-seven metrics have been identified and implemented to provide data related to the events of the L1 cache and TLB on the MIPS32 processor. The generated data can be used in tuning of compiler, OS memory management design, system benchmarking, scalability, analysing architectural issues, address space analysis, understanding bus communication, kernel profiling, and workload characterisation.
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Raab, Courtney, and Amy Peak. "Half of purposeful sandbaggers undetected by ImPACT's embedded invalidity indicators." Neurology 91, no. 23 Supplement 1 (December 4, 2018): S4.3—S5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000550628.66504.bb.
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ObjectiveThe primary objective of this study is to determine the ability of embedded invalidity indicators (EIIs) within the Immediate Post-concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) to accurately identify individuals purposefully underperforming (sandbagging) on the baseline assessment. The secondary objective is to determine if any of the 5 specific EIIs are more or less likely to identify purposeful sandbaggers.BackgroundSandbagging baseline neuropsychological tests is a growing problem with significant potential consequences including premature post-concussion clearance.Design/methodsVolunteers were recruited to complete a baseline ImPACT assessment. Participants were randomized to either a control group or a coached sandbagging group. Primary outcome measures were the number of participants identified as invalid via any EII, as well as mean raw composite scores and percentiles for each sub-section within the ImPACT assessment.ResultsSeventy-seven participants (37 control and 40 sandbaggers) completed the study. Only half (50%, n = 20) of the purposeful sandbaggers were identified via any EII. Appropriately, no participants in the control group were identified as invalid. The Working Memory EII correctly identified 40% of the purposeful sandbaggers, and the Three Letters EII identified 35% of purposeful sandbaggers. All other EIIs identified 15% of purposeful sandbaggers. Twenty-six purposeful sandbaggers achieved at least 1 composite sub-score, 1st percentile; 27% of those were not identified via any EII. One participant scored ≤ 1st percentile in every composite category and was not identified via any EII.ConclusionSandbagging baseline ImPACT assessments without detection likely occurs more often than previous literature suggests. Half of purposeful sandbaggers were not identified via current EIIs, and 3 of 5 EIIs identified 15% of purposeful sandbaggers. Re-evaluation or recalibration of ImPACT's current EIIs may be appropriate.Disclosures: Dr. Raab has nothing to disclose. Dr. Peak has nothing to disclose.
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Nagel, Everton, Ricardo Melo Czekster, Thais Webber, and César Augusto Missio Marcon. "A Framework Prototype for Multithreaded Implementation Over Micro-Controllers." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 14, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v14i1.39.
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Multithreading is pervasive in embedded system applications development. The applications requirements are becoming more rigorous, demanding the execution of concurrent tasks that must also take into account modularity and flexibility. An important part of the operating systems development concerns the implementation of scheduling algorithms. In an embedded system context, it is essential to consider that the scheduling algorithm heavily influences application behavior. Due to restricted and finite hardware resources, it is important to evaluate the use of flexible algorithms to guarantee efficiency. Currently, projects for embedded operating systems do exist for microcontrollers’ devices that implement scheduling algorithms, however, the developer cannot change or add new scheduling policies without implementing kernel tweaks and modifications. The alternatives are not flexible when choosing the scheduling algorithm according to the application needs. This imposes restrictions to many systems, forcing them to run specific static scheduling algorithms because no other options are available. The objective of this work concerns the design and development of a framework that implements a microkernel with a modular scheduler unit, allowing the execution of tailored algorithms according to the application profile. The idea is to provide a flexible platform to conveniently select the most appropriated algorithm. We have employed low capacity hardware to implement multithreading patterns corresponding to sets of concurrent tasks, demonstrating the strengths of adopting our approach. Our results show that the use of modern techniques that combine modularity, multithreading, and scheduling methods for embedded systems yield best executions when compared to its sequential counterparts.
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Tyushka, Andriy. "Book Review: Europe: Shaping Europe: France, Germany and Embedded Bilateralism from the Elysée Treaty to Twenty-First Century Politics." Political Studies Review 13, no. 4 (October 9, 2015): 614–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1478-9302.12101_83.
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Berrington, A. J., K. Jimbow, and D. M. Haines. "Immunohistochemical Detection of Melanoma-associated Antigens on Formalin-fixed, Paraffin-embedded Canine Tumors." Veterinary Pathology 31, no. 4 (July 1994): 455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098589403100408.
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Seven monoclonal antibodies (Moabs), recognizing melanoma-associated antigens in human tissues, were evaluated for their ability to immunohistochemically stain formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded canine melanomas. Only 2 Moabs, designated human melanosome-specific antigen (HMSA)-1 and HMSA-5, stained routinely processed canine melanomas, staining 21/35 (60%) and 24/35 (69%), respectively. Twenty-nine of 35 (83%) melanomas tested were stained if results of the 2 Moabs were combined. Monoclonal antibody HMSA-1 also stained neoplastic cells of 10/35 (29%) tumors of nonmelanocytic origin and some neurons and salivary gland epithelial cells in normal canine tissues. However, Moab HMSA-1 staining in the nonmelanocytic tumors, consisting of small, discrete periodic acid-Schiff-positivc cytoplasmic droplets, was readily distinguishable from the diffusely granular, cytoplasmic staining of melanocytic tumors. In addition to melanomas, Moab HMSA-5 stained melanocytes and some melanin-containing tumor cells of a pigmented basal cell tumor and melanocytes in normal canine skin. Monoclonal antibodies HMSA-1 and HMSA-5 immunohistochemically identified the majority of canine melanomas, had limited and distinguishable staining in normal tissues and nonmelanocytic tumors, and therefore may be a useful adjunct for the diagnosis of canine melanoma in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.
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Espinet, Blanca, Beatriz Bellosillo, Elisabet Gregori, Veronica Escurriol, Marta Salido, Lourdes Florensa, Carme Pedro, et al. "Fish Is the Best Method to Detect BCL2/IgH Translocation in Follicular Lymphoma at Diagnosis. A Comparative Study with Conventional Cytogenetics, Fish and PCR (Biomed-2 Primers) Techniques." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 1377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.1377.1377.
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Abstract Introduction: Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a B-cell neoplasm characterized by the presence of the t(14;18)(q32;q21) in nearly 85% of cases. There are different methods to find such translocation. The aim of the present study was to test the efficiency of the different techniques: conventional cytogenetics, FISH and PCR, to detect t(14;18) in FL at diagnosis in fresh and paraffin embedded samples. Patients and Methods: Fifty-four FL patients were analyzed. Twenty-two samples were fresh specimens from peripheral blood (1 case), bone marrow (6 cases) and lymph nodes (15 cases). The remaining 32 samples were paraffin embedded tissues: 25 lymph nodes, 2 spleens, 1 duodenum, 1 tonsil, 1 lung and 1 nasopharynx. Three different techniques were employed and compared: conventional cytogenetics only in fresh samples and FISH and PCR in fresh and paraffin embedded samples. Conventional cytogenetics cultures were established for 72 hours with TPA and chromosomes were identified by G-banding pattern. FISH was performed with BCL2/IgH dual color-dual fusion locus specific probes (VYSIS). PCR was designed using the BIOMED-2 primers covering the MBR, 3′MBR and mcr regions for the BCL2 gene and the consensus JH primer for the IgH gene (van Dongen et al. Leukemia2003; 17: 2257–317). Results: Regarding fresh samples, 7/22 cases (32%) had cytogenetic aberrations, in three t(14;18) was found and in one t(18;22) was detected, all in a complex karyotype. FISH was performed in 19/22 patients and 14/19 (74%) were positive for BCL2/IgH translocation. PCR technique was applied to 21 cases, and positivity was detected in 10/21 (48%) samples (six cases positive for MBR region, three cases for mcr region and one case for 3′MBR region). In five cases, FISH showed positivity not detected by PCR and in one case, PCR showed positivity not detected neither by FISH nor by conventional cytogenetics. Among 22 cases, in three (14%) BCL2/IgH was not detected by any of the three tested techniques. In paraffin embedded samples, 29/32 cases (90.6%) showed t(14;18) by FISH, 8 of them not detected by PCR. Twenty-nine cases were studied by PCR and in 18 (62%) t(14;18) was detected (17 MBR, 1 mcr and no cases 3′MBR). All positive cases were detected by FISH. Ten percent of cases were negative both by FISH and PCR techniques. Conclusions: 1. FISH becomes the most effective technique to detect BCL2/IgH at diagnosis in fresh and paraffin embedded tissues, probably because BCL2 locus specific FISH probe covers all the possible breakpoints in BCL2 gene. 2. The percentage of detection of t(14;18) by FISH is higher in paraffin embedded tissues because the analysis is made in the previously identified tumoral cells by hematoxilin-eosin staining and specific immunohistochemistry. 3. PCR is useful to define molecular breakpoints that will allow the detection of minimal residual disease. 4. In fresh bone marrow samples, PCR is the most sensible technique due to the heterogeneous infiltration.
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Burrows, C. R. "Fluid Power Systems Design—Bramah's Legacy." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 210, no. 2 (April 1996): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1996_210_018_02.
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This paper gives a brief historical survey of fluid power systems. It shows that many current applications can be traced to ideas embedded in the pioneering work of Bramah and later contributors. The demand for high dynamic performance has been satisfied by advances in components and the fusion of technologies. A central theme is the importance of developing effective tools for system synthesis. It is shown that research in progress will ensure a future for fluid power in the twenty-first century.
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Goffart, Walter. "Christian Pessimism on the Walls of the Vatican Galleria delle carte geografiche." Renaissance Quarterly 51, no. 3 (1998): 788–827. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2901746.
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AbstractThe Vatican Map Gallery (1579-81) contains fifty-one historical paintings in its vault and twenty-three historical vignettes on its monumental maps of Italy. Inspired by an early-Christian conception of the past, the vault paintings illustrate a "perfect" history, typified by saints' miracles. The contrasting vignettes demand more painstaking interpretation. Embedded in geography, they appear to exemplify a terrestrial history (reminiscent of Orosius) that, when not bathed in blood, teaches the vanity of earthbound strivings. Maps for history did not again take this form.
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Sas, Darius, and Paris Avgeriou. "Quality attribute trade-offs in the embedded systems industry: an exploratory case study." Software Quality Journal 28, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 505–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11219-019-09478-x.
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AbstractThe embedded systems domain has grown exponentially over the past years. The industry is forced by the market to rapidly improve and release new products to beat the competition. Frenetic development rhythms thus shape this domain and give rise to several new challenges for software design and development. One of them is dealing with trade-offs between run-time and design-time quality attributes. To study practices, processes and tools concerning the management of run-time and design-time quality attributes as well as the trade-offs among them from the perspective of embedded systems software engineers. An exploratory case study with two qualitative data collection steps, namely interviews and a focus group, involving six different companies from the embedded systems domain with a total of twenty participants. The interviewed subjects showed a preference for run-time over design-time qualities. Trade-offs between design-time and run-time qualities are very common, but they are often implicit, due to the lack of adequate monitoring tools and practices. Practitioners prefer to deal with trade-offs in the most lightweight way possible, by applying ad-hoc practices, thus avoiding any overhead incurred. Finally, practitioners have elaborated on how they envision the ideal tool support for dealing with trade-offs. Although it is notoriously difficult to deal with trade-offs, constantly monitoring the quality attributes of interest with automated tools is key in making explicit and prudent trade-offs and mitigating the risk of incurring technical debt.
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Muchariman, Randi. "The Power of Language in Indonesia’s Reformation." Politik Indonesia: Indonesian Political Science Review 4, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 121–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ipsr.v4i1.13698.
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Indonesia’s Reformation in 1998 is a political change driven by the power of civil society and very much determined by the discourse in hegemonic struggle. One of the most influential intellectual ideas and leadership styles of reformation and civil society is suggested by Nurcholish Madjid. This article examines the twenty-year problems of Reformation in the view of Gramsci’s theory of hegemony by analyzing Nurcholish Madjid’s ideas. There is an intellectual imperialism which makes the national ideas embedded in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution unable to be developed to guide the national life due to the irrelevant social sciences. This article uses the approach of discourse analysis on Indonesian Preamble of the 1945 Constitution text. The explanation shows the possibilities and the expectations after twenty years of Reformation in Indonesia.
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Benlikaya, R., P. Slobodian, and P. Riha. "Enhanced Strain-Dependent Electrical Resistance of Polyurethane Composites with Embedded Oxidized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Networks." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/327597.
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The effect of different chemical oxidation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes with H2O2, HNO3, and KMnO4on the change of electrical resistance of polyurethane composites with embedded oxidized nanotube networks subjected to elongation and bending has been studied. The testing has shown about twenty-fold increase in the electrical resistance for the composite prepared from KMnO4oxidized nanotubes in comparison to the composites prepared from the pristine and other oxidized nanotubes. The evaluated sensitivity of KMnO4treated composite in terms of the gauge factor increases with strain to nearly 175 at the strain 11%. This is a substantial increase, which ranks the composite prepared from KMnO4oxidized nanotubes among materials as strain gauges with the highest electromechanical sensitivity. The observed differences in electromechanical properties of the composites are discussed on basis of their structure which is examined by the measurements of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope. The possible practical use of the composites is demonstrated by monitoring of elbow joint flexion during two different physical exercises.
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Höhne, Roland. "Krotz, Ulrich und Joachim Schild. Shaping Europe. France, Germany, and Embedded Bilateralism from the Elysée Treaty to Twenty-First Century Politics." Politische Vierteljahresschrift 56, no. 1 (2015): 145–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0032-3470-2015-1-145.
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Ribeiro, Patrícia, João Ferrão, and Júlia Seixas. "Mainstreaming climate adaptation in spatial planning. The case of Baixa Pombalina in Lisbon." Finisterra 53, no. 108 (August 3, 2018): 15–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18055/finis13457.
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Baixa Pombalina is the historical downtown area of Lisbon city, close to the Tagus estuary, sheltering many economic activities with tourism at first. This paper assesses and maps the vulnerability of the area, at the neighbourhood scale, to floods episodes and sea level rise. The methodology outlines how the different components of vulnerability are tackled, while taking the importance of the local context to the definition of composite indexes. Twenty two vulnerability hotspots were found, for which six adaptation options are proposed to be embedded into Plano de Pormenor currently in place.
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KALLIO, SANNA, JUHA KELA, PANU KORPIPÄÄ, and JANI MÄNTYJÄRVI. "USER INDEPENDENT GESTURE INTERACTION FOR SMALL HANDHELD DEVICES." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 20, no. 04 (June 2006): 505–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001406004776.
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Accelerometer-based gesture recognition facilitates a complementary interaction modality for controlling mobile devices and home appliances. Using gestures for the task of home appliance control requires use of the same device and gestures by different persons, i.e. user independent gesture recognition. The practical application in small embedded low-resource devices also requires high computational performance. The user independent gesture recognition accuracy was evaluated with a set of eight gestures and seven users, with a total of 1120 gestures in the dataset. Twenty-state continuous HMM yielded an average of 96.9% user independent recognition accuracy, which was cross-validated by leaving one user in turn out of the training set. Continuous and discrete five-state HMM computational performances were compared with a reference test in a PC environment, indicating that discrete HMM is 20% faster. Computational performance of discrete five-state HMM was evaluated in an embedded hardware environment with a 104 MHz ARM-9 processor and Symbian OS. The average recognition time per gesture calculated from 1120 gesture repetitions was 8.3 ms. With this result, the computational performance difference between the compared methods is considered insignificant in terms of practical application. Continuous HMM is hence recommended as a preferred method due to its better suitability for a continuous-valued signal, and better recognition accuracy. The results suggest that, according to both evaluation criteria, HMM is feasible for practical user independent gesture control applications in mobile low-resource embedded environments.
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Faggion, Laura, and Raffaello Furlan. "CULTURAL MEANINGS EMBEDDED IN THE FAÇADE OF ITALIAN MIGRANTS’ HOUSES IN BRISBANE, AUSTRALIA." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 11, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v11i1.1225.
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In the Post-WWII period, while industrial production in Italy had diminished and millions of people were unemployed, Australia was facing the opposite problem of shortage of labour, due to a rapid agricultural and industrial development. By virtue of the immigration policy adopted by the Australian government in the 1950s, assistance with the cost of migration to Australia was provided to those Italians willing to migrate to Australia. Italian migrants, as well as diverse migrant groups, brought with them cultural practices and a way of life, which are nowadays part of the multicultural Australian built environment and society. This research study focuses on the domestic dwellings built in the late 1980s and early 1990s in Brisbane by the Italian migrants. Namely, it is argued that the façade of migrants’ houses is embedded by cultural meanings. The study is of qualitative nature and as primary sources of data uses (1) semi-structured interviews, (2) photo-elicitation interviews and (3) focus group discussion, which were conducted both in Australia with twenty first-generation Italian migrants, and in Italy with ten informants, indigenous to the Veneto region, where they built their homes. Visual data about the houses was collected with (4) photographs and drawings. The findings reveal that Italian houses are concurrently a physical structure and a set of meanings based on culture: these two components are tied together rather than being separate and distinct. Namely, the Veneto migrants chose two models for the construction of their houses in Brisbane: (1) the rural houses built in the 1970s and 1980s by their ancestors (2) and the villas designed by Andrea Palladio in the 15th century in the Veneto region for noble families.
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Eklund Karlsson, Leena, Anne Leena Ikonen, Kothar Mohammed Alqahtani, Pernille Tanggaard Andersen, and Subash Thapa. "Health Equity Lens Embedded in the Public Health Policies of Saudi Arabia: A Qualitative Document Analysis." SAGE Open 10, no. 4 (October 2020): 215824402096277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020962776.
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In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), no studies have been documented to analyze the equity aspects of public health policies. The aims of the study were to identify policy documents in the KSA relevant to public health and to explore whether these include an equity approach. Twenty health-related documents were identified from various ministries’ websites and analyzed through directed content analysis. The results showed that the term “equity” was neither defined nor explained in the documents and suggestions on how to tackle health inequities were lacking. None of the suggested measures communicated an explicit focus on promoting health equity or the social gradient. Several upstream, midstream, and downstream measures were suggested to improve justice and public health for the people. The study reveals that there is a need for an in-depth assessment of the policy measures across sectors and their influence on health equity to inform future health policy development and action in the KSA.
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Smith, Keith. "The realism that did not speak its name: E. H. Carr’s diplomatic histories of the twenty years’ crisis." Review of International Studies 43, no. 3 (February 17, 2017): 475–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210517000055.
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AbstractE. H. Carr was one of Europe’s pre-eminent thinkers in the field of international affairs. Yet his contribution to International Relations theory is continually questioned. Realists depict Carr as a quintessential realist; revisionists draw from his wider corpus to qualify his contribution. Although not inaccurate, the revisionist literature is incomplete as it neglects a number of Carr’s diplomatic histories. Refocusing on these, especially the manner in which traces of Ranke’s ‘the primacy of foreign affairs’ tradition is evident, this article points to a more conservative and less critical Carr. Utilising an interpretivist framework, this shift in traditions of thought is explained by the dilemmas Carr faced. Although works of history rather than theory, the article contends that Carr’s diplomatic histories remain relevant, particularly with regard to the embedded criticism of realpolitik they contain. This realisation is made evident through a reading of Carr in parallel with the concept of tragedy.
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Menezes, Danilo J. Ayres de, Antonio C. Assis Neto, Moacir F. Oliveira, and E. C. Farias. "Morphology of the male agouti accessory genital glands (Dasyprocta prymnolopha Wagler, 1831)." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30, no. 9 (September 2010): 793–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2010000900014.
Full textAbstract:
The morphology of the accessory genital glands of the male agouti was studied in twenty-three animals that were raised in captivity. Twenty animals had their genital glands dissected in situ for macroscopic description. The samples of each gland were recovered, embedded in paraffin, sliced and stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin technique. It was founded four pairs of glands: the vesicular glands, the coagulating glands, the prostate and the bulbourethral glands. Histological characteristics of the vesicular, coagulating and prostate glands showed similar morphology, within the pseudostratified columnar epithelium. The tubulo-alveolar type of the bulbourethral glands showed a lack of connective tissue among the tubules, a small amount of red stained presented it the cytoplasm, and the presence of vacuoles in the tissue. This study concluded that the agouti showed to have similar morphological aspect described in the others species of rodents.