Academic literature on the topic 'Embedded stems'

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Journal articles on the topic "Embedded stems"

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Johnson, M. P., A. J. Mueller, W. M. Harris, and K. S. Kim. "HISTOLOGY OF ANOMALOUS GROWTH AND ADVENTITIOUS ROOTS ASSOCIATED WITH MAINSTEM GIRDLING BY THREECORNERED ALFALFA HOPPER, SPISSISTILUS FESTINUS (SAY) (HOMOPTERA: MEMBRACIDAE) ON SOYBEAN1." Journal of Entomological Science 23, no. 4 (October 1, 1988): 333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-23.4.333.

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Cell and tissue structure of undamaged soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, stems were compared with those from the swollen area immediately above (< 1 cm) threecornered alfalfa hopper, Spissistilus festinus (Say), girdles. Examination of epoxy - resin embedded transverse sections from the swollen stems revealed growth that differed significantly from the normal dicot structure. The anomalous growth consisted of vascular bundles scattered in the secondary phloem surrounded by parenchyma cells. Examination of Paraplast® embedded transverse and longitudinal sections of adventitious root - like growths arising from or above the swollen hypocotyl area revealed normal root structure.
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Beyersmann, Elisabeth, Jonathan Grainger, and Anne Castles. "Embedded stems as a bootstrapping mechanism for morphological parsing during reading development." Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 182 (June 2019): 196–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2019.01.010.

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Mansfield, Edward D., and Nita Rudra. "Embedded Liberalism in the Digital Era." International Organization 75, no. 2 (2021): 558–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818320000569.

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AbstractIn recent years, the volume and intensity of attacks on globalization have been steadily rising. It is frequently argued that the antiglobalization backlash stems from strains that have been placed on the compromise of embedded liberalism. We argue that existing research underemphasizes how technological change and the digital revolution have contributed to these strains. Global value chains facilitated by the digital revolution have linked technology in advanced industrial countries to low-cost labor in developing countries, precipitating distributional losses for low-skilled labor in the industrial world. Further, the digital revolution has led to regulatory challenges involving both capital and labor. We argue that, as a result, governments face both mounting opposition to globalization and heightened difficulty in supporting the programs and policies necessary to buffer the adverse domestic effects of globalization and maintain support for embedded liberalism.
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Schulz, K. S., P. H. Kass, S. M. Stover, and D. R. Mason. "Effect of stem flattening on rotational stability of a canine femoral total hip component in polymethylmethacrylate cement." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 16, no. 04 (October 2003): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632786.

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SummaryThis study was designed to determine the effect of flattening the lateral aspect of a commercially available femoral prosthesis on its rotational stability in polymethylmethacrylate cement. Five standard design and five laterally flattened size 7 canine femoral components were evaluated. The stems were embedded in commercially available medical grade polymethylmethacrylate and rotated 15° while torque and angular displacement data were collected. The stiffness, yield and failure variables were compared between commercial and flattened stems. None of the mechanical testing variables were statistically different between commercial and flattened stems although all of the mean values for flattened stems were higher (1-30%) than mean values for commercial stems. Rotational stability of a canine total hip replacement femoral component was not significantly enhanced by the flattened component design modification evaluated by the testing protocol in this study.
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Wang, Mingyang, Eldad J. Avital, Xin Bai, Chunning Ji, Dong Xu, John J. R. Williams, and Antonio Munjiza. "Fluid–structure interaction of flexible submerged vegetation stems and kinetic turbine blades." Computational Particle Mechanics 7, no. 5 (December 13, 2019): 839–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40571-019-00304-6.

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AbstractA fluid–structure interaction (FSI) methodology is presented for simulating elastic bodies embedded and/or encapsulating viscous incompressible fluid. The fluid solver is based on finite volume and the large eddy simulation approach to account for turbulent flow. The structural dynamic solver is based on the combined finite element method–discrete element method (FEM-DEM). The two solvers are tied up using an immersed boundary method (IBM) iterative algorithm to improve information transfer between the two solvers. The FSI solver is applied to submerged vegetation stems and blades of small-scale horizontal axis kinetic turbines. Both bodies are slender and of cylinder-like shape. While the stem mostly experiences a dominant drag force, the blade experiences a dominant lift force. Following verification cases of a single-stem deformation and a spinning Magnus blade in laminar flows, vegetation flexible stems and flexible rotor blades are analysed, while they are embedded in turbulent flow. It is shown that the single stem’s flexibility has higher effect on the flow as compared to the rigid stem than when in a dense vegetation patch. Making a marine kinetic turbine rotor flexible has the potential of significantly reducing the power production due to undesired twisting and bending of the blades. These studies point to the importance of FSI in flow problems where there is a noticeable deflection of a cylinder-shaped body and the capability of coupling FEM-DEM with flow solver through IBM.
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Heathcote, Lauren, Kate Nation, Anne Castles, and Elisabeth Beyersmann. "Do ‘blacheap’ and ‘subcheap’ both prime ‘cheap’? An investigation of morphemic status and position in early visual word processing." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71, no. 8 (January 1, 2018): 1645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1362704.

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Much research suggests that words comprising more than one morpheme are decomposed into morphemes in the early stages of visual word recognition. In the present masked primed lexical decision study, we investigated whether or not decomposition occurs for both prefixed and suffixed nonwords and for nonwords which comprise a stem and a non-morphemic ending. Prime–target relatedness was manipulated in three ways: (1) primes shared a semantically transparent morphological relationship with the target (e.g., subcheap-CHEAP, cheapize-CHEAP); (2) primes comprised targets and non-affixal letter strings (e.g., blacheap-CHEAP, cheapstry-CHEAP); and (3) primes were real, complex words unrelated to the target (e.g., miscall-CHEAP, idealism-CHEAP). Both affixed and non-affixed nonwords significantly facilitated the recognition of their stem targets, suggesting that embedded stems are activated independently of whether they are accompanied by a real affix or a non-affix. There was no difference in priming between stems being embedded in initial and final string positions, indicating that embedded stem activation is position-independent. Finally, more priming was observed in the semantically interpretable affixed condition than in the non-affixed condition, which points to a semantic licensing mechanism during complex novel word processing.
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Yang, Chaodong, Xia Zhang, Junkai Li, Manzhu Bao, Dejiang Ni, and James L. Seago. "Anatomy and Histochemistry of Roots and Shoots in Wild Rice (Zizania latifolia Griseb.)." Journal of Botany 2014 (February 6, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/181727.

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Wild rice (Zizania latifolia Griseb.) is a famous, perennial, emergent vegetable in China. The current work explores the anatomy and histochemistry of roots, stems, and leaves and the permeability of apoplastic barriers of wild rice. The adventitious roots in wild rice have suberized and lignified endodermis and adjacent, thick-walled cortical layers and suberized and lignified hypodermis, composed of a uniseriate sclerenchyma layer (SC) underlying uniseriate exodermis; they also have lysigenous aerenchyma. Stems have a thickened epidermal cuticle, a narrow peripheral mechanical ring (PMR), an outer ring of vascular bundles, and an inner ring of vascular bundles embedded in a multiseriate sclerenchyma ring (SCR). There is evidence of suberin in stem SCR and PMR sclerenchyma cells. Sheathing leaves are characterized by thick cuticles and fibrous bundle sheath extensions. Air spaces in stems and leaves consist of mostly lysigenous aerenchyma and pith cavities in stems. Apoplastic barriers are found in roots and stems.
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Hu, Yue, Kaili Jiang, Kim Meow Liew, and Lu-Wen Zhang. "Nanoarray-Embedded Hierarchical Surfaces for Highly Durable Dropwise Condensation." Research 2022 (August 10, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9789657.

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Durable dropwise condensation of saturated vapor is of significance for heat transfer and energy saving in extensive industrial applications. While numerous superhydrophobic surfaces can promote steam condensation, maintaining discrete microdroplets on surfaces without the formation of a flooded filmwise condensation at high subcooling remains challenging. Here, we report the development of carbon nanotube array-embedded hierarchical composite surfaces that enable ultra-durable dropwise condensation under a wide range of subcooling (ΔTsub=8 K–38 K), which outperforms existing nanowire surfaces. This performance stems from the combined strategies of the hydrophobic nanostructures that allow efficient surface renewal and the patterned hydrophilic micro frames that protect the nanostructures and also accelerate droplet nucleation. The synergistic effects of the composite design ensure sustained Cassie wetting mode and capillarity-governed droplet mobility (Bond number<0.055) as well as the large specific volume of condensed droplets, which contributes to the enhanced condensation heat transfer. Our design provides a feasible alternative for efficiently transferring heat in a vapor environment with relatively high temperatures through the tunable multiscale morphology.
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Puławska, Z. "The parenchymo-vascular cambium and its derivative tissues in stems and roots of Bougainvillaea glabra Choisy (Nyctaginaceae)." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 42, no. 1 (2015): 41–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1973.003.

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In the shoots and roots of <i>Bougainmllaea</i>, the parenchymo-vascular cambium produces thinwalled secondary parenchyma to one side and the secondary vascular bundles embedded in the "conjunctive tissue" to the other. Periclinal division of a single cambial cell in one radial row brings about periclinal divisions of the adjacent cells of the neighbouring rows. Anticlinal division of a single cambial cell at one level, on the other hand, causes anticlinal. divisions of the adjacent cells of the overlying and underlying tiers.
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Caridà, Angela, Bo Edvardsson, and Maria Colurcio. "Conceptualizing resource integration as an embedded process: Matching, resourcing and valuing." Marketing Theory 19, no. 1 (April 29, 2018): 65–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470593118772215.

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The strong linkage between the creation of value and the actors’ resource-integrating efforts forces academics and practitioners to understand how value stems from resource integration (RI). This article analyses RI as an embedded process within the wider process of interactive value formation. The study is conceptual in nature and adopts a qualitative research approach and an empirical contextualization strategy. It provides a granular perspective on RI and proposes a framework that depicts RI as a process that shapes and results from a complex service context through a sequence of three phases: matching, resourcing and valuing. The article, particularly the suggested new framework, contributes to the extant literature on RI in service research; it reconceptualizes RI as process per se that is embedded in actors’ value co-creation efforts and offers the opportunity to reflect on this process as a fundamental enabler in value-creating service ecosystems.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Embedded stems"

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Minck, Justin Stewart. "DEVELOPING A LOW COST BIOLOGICAL ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM FOR FABRICATING GEL EMBEDDED CELLULAR CONSTRUCTS." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/844.

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Organ transplantation has made great progress since the first successful kidney transplant in 1953 and now more than one million tissue transplants are performed in the United States every year (www.organdonor.gov/statistics-stories, 2015). However, the hope and success of organ transplants are often overshadowed by their reputation as being notoriously difficult to procure because of donor-recipient matching and availability. In addition, those that are fortunate enough to receive a transplant are burdened with a lifetime of immunosuppressants. The field of regenerative medicine is currently making exceptional progress toward making it possible for a patient to be their own donor. Cells from a patient can be collected, reprogrammed into stem cells, and then differentiated into specific cell types. This technology combined with recent advances in 3D printing provides a unique opportunity. Cells can now be accurately deposited with computerized precision allowing tissue engineering from the inside out (Gill, 2016). However, more work needs to be done as these techniques have yet to be perfected. Bioprinters can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars, and the bioink they consume costs thousands per liter. The resulting cost in development of protocols required for effective tissue printing can thus be cost-prohibitive, limiting the research to labs which can afford this exorbitant cost and in turn slowing the progress made in the eventual creation of patient derived stem cell engineered organs. The objective of my research is to develop a simple and low-cost introductory system for biological additive manufacturing (Otherwise known as 3D bioprinting). To create an easily accessible and cost-effective system several design constraints were implemented. First, the system had to use mechanical components that could be purchased “off-the-shelf” from commonly available retailers. Second, any mechanical components involved had to be easily sterilizable, modifiable, and compatible with open-source software. Third, any customized components had to be fabricated using only 3D printing and basic tools (i.e. saw, screwdriver, and wrench). Fourth, the system and any expendable materials should be financially available to underfunded school labs, in addition to being sterilizable, biocompatible, customizable, and biodegradable. Finally, all hardware and expendables had to be simple enough as to be operated by high school science students.
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Kouamo, Sime Michel Carmel, Christian Behler, Tobias Loke, and Gilles Bertrand Gnokam Defo. "Schnittstellensynthese -Modellierung, Optimierung, Codegenerierung." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200601085.

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Diese Schriftenreihe präsentiert wissenschaftliche Arbeiten zum Entwurf und zur Selbstorganisation von eingebetteten Systemen. In dem ersten Band dieser Schriftenreihe liegt der Fokus auf der Konzeption von „Rekonfigurierbaren Schnittstellen“. Der vorliegende zweite Band stellt eine vollständige Methodik für die Adaptierung von inkompatiblen Schnittstellen in komplexen, verteilten, eingebetteten Systemen vor. Diese Methodik wird als Interface Synthese (IFS) bezeichnet. In den vier Beiträgen werden im Einzelnen die Modellierung, die Analyse und Optimierung sowie die Codegenerierung als methodische Entwurfsschritte untersucht. Der erste Beitrag behandelt die Modellierung von komplexen Kommunikationssystemen als ersten Schritt des Interface Synthesis Design Flows. Es wird ein UML2.0 Profil sowie dessen Transformation in das Synthesewerkzeug vorgestellt. Die zwei folgenden Beiträge befassen sich mit der Analyse und Optimierung der Schnittstellensynthese. Der erste Ansatz basiert auf der Optimierung der Ausführungspipeline, während der zweite Ansatz eine globale Optimierung durch partitionierendes Clustering in Verbindung mit benutzerspezifischen Protokollen anwendet. Der vierte Beitrag greift die Codegenerierung und somit den letzten Schritt des Interface Synthesis Design Flows auf. Es wird ein dedizierter VHDL-Codegenerator vorgestellt, der insbesondere die Rekonfigurierbarkeit der Schnittstelle unterstützt.
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Behler, Christian, Bertrand Defo, Sime Michel Kouamo, and Tobias Loke. "Schnittstellensynthese: Modellierung - Optimierung - Codegenerierung." TUDpress, 2006. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A18547.

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Diese Schriftenreihe präsentiert wissenschaftliche Arbeiten zum Entwurf und zur Selbstorganisation von eingebetteten Systemen. In dem ersten Band dieser Schriftenreihe liegt der Fokus auf der Konzeption von „Rekonfigurierbaren Schnittstellen“. Der vorliegende zweite Band stellt eine vollständige Methodik für die Adaptierung von inkompatiblen Schnittstellen in komplexen, verteilten, eingebetteten Systemen vor. Diese Methodik wird als Interface Synthese (IFS) bezeichnet. In den vier Beiträgen werden im Einzelnen die Modellierung, die Analyse und Optimierung sowie die Codegenerierung als methodische Entwurfsschritte untersucht. Der erste Beitrag behandelt die Modellierung von komplexen Kommunikationssystemen als ersten Schritt des Interface Synthesis Design Flows. Es wird ein UML2.0 Profil sowie dessen Transformation in das Synthesewerkzeug vorgestellt. Die zwei folgenden Beiträge befassen sich mit der Analyse und Optimierung der Schnittstellensynthese. Der erste Ansatz basiert auf der Optimierung der Ausführungspipeline, während der zweite Ansatz eine globale Optimierung durch partitionierendes Clustering in Verbindung mit benutzerspezifischen Protokollen anwendet. Der vierte Beitrag greift die Codegenerierung und somit den letzten Schritt des Interface Synthesis Design Flows auf. Es wird ein dedizierter VHDL-Codegenerator vorgestellt, der insbesondere die Rekonfigurierbarkeit der Schnittstelle unterstützt.
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Than, Trong Emmanuel. "Le rôle de la signalisation Notch3 dans le maintien des cellules souches neurales du télencéphale adulte Neural stem cell quiescence and stemness are molecularly distinct outputs of the Notch3 signaling cascade in the vertebrate adult brain her4-expressing neural stem cells are maintained through population asymmetry and embedded into a hierarchy of progenitors responsible for their life-long expansion Radial Glia and Neural Progenitors in the Adult Zebrafish Central Nervous System." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS541.

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Un certain nombre de régions du cerveau des vertébrés, y compris chez l’homme, continuent d’être le siège de l’ajout de nouveaux neurones à l’âge adulte. Ces nouveaux neurones sont produits à partir de cellules spécialisées, appelées cellules souches neurales (CSN). Celles-ci sont capables de s’auto-renouveler et sont principalement trouvées dans un état d’arrêt transitoire du cycle cellulaire que l’on appelle quiescence. A l’heure actuelle, les mécanismes cellulaires et moléculaires permettant aux CSN de trouver un équilibre entre maintien et différentiation, ainsi que les règles générales gouvernant l’évolution de leur population, ne sont que partiellement compris. A l’échelle moléculaire, plusieurs facteurs et voies de signalisation apparaissent déterminants pour l’homéostasie des CSN. Notamment, la voie de signalisation du récepteur Notch s’avère essentielle pour maintenir à la fois l’état de quiescence et le caractère souche des CSN. Il demeure néanmoins inconnu si la signalisation Notch affecte ces deux propriétés de manière indépendante ou non. A l’échelle cellulaire, la plupart des modèles actuels suggèrent que les CSN se divisent rarement et principalement de manière asymétrique. Cette dernière propriété permettrait aux CSN de se perpétuer tout en donnant naissance à des cellules filles déterminées à se différencier en neurones. Le pallium du poisson-zèbre abrite une population particulièrement importante de CSN, que l’on appelle glies radiaires (GR), et qui possèdent les mêmes caractéristiques fondamentales que leurs homologues chez les mammifères. Notre laboratoire avait précédemment démontré que le récepteur Notch3 était nécessaire au maintien de la quiescence des GR. Le travail présenté dans ce manuscrit se décompose en deux études complémentaires dont les objectifs respectifs étaient: (1) d’améliorer notre compréhension du rôle de la voie de signalisation Notch3 dans l’homéostasie des GR et (2) d’étudier les schémas de divisions adoptés par les GR afin de maintenir leur nombre sur une longue durée. Dans la première étude, nous démontrons que le rôle de la signalisation Notch3 s’étend au-delà du simple contrôle de la quiescence des GR en contribuant également au maintien de leur caractère souche par l’intermédiaire de son gène cible hey1. Un point important de cette découverte est que l’action du facteur Hey1 sur le caractère souche des GR apparaît indépendante du rôle de Notch3 dans le maintien de leur quiescence. Dans la seconde étude, nous avons réalisé une analyse clonale du devenir des GR exprimant le gène her4.1. Ceci nous a permis de mettre en évidence que leurs choix entre différentiation, amplification et auto-renouvellement apparaissent stochastiques, mais équilibrés, ce qui leur permet de maintenir leur population dans le temps. De façon très intéressante, nous avons aussi observé que le nombre total de GR du pallium augmente au cours de la vie, ce qui, au regard du comportement homéostatique de la population de GR exprimant her4.1, nous amène à proposer que la zone neurogénique du pallium est organisée selon une hiérarchie dans laquelle une population inconnue de progéniteurs produit continuellement de nouvelles GR, qui ensuite se maintiennent grâce à un équilibre probabiliste entre leurs différents lignages
New neurons continue to be added into discrete brain regions of most adult vertebrate species, including humans. Adult born neurons arise from precursor cells, called neural stem cells (NSCs), endowed with self-renewal potential and mostly found in a state of reversible cell cycle arrest, named quiescence. Currently, the molecular, cellular and population rules allowing NSC to balance maintenance and differentiation remain incompletely understood. At the single cell level, several factors and signalling pathways were demonstrated to be essential for NSC homeostasis. Among them, the Notch signalling pathway is critically involved in the control of NSC quiescence and stemness. However, whether these two properties represent molecularly distinct or overlapping outputs of the Notch signalling pathway remains unknown. At the cellular level, current models state that NSCs divide rarely and mostly asymmetrically, allowing both self-renewal and the generation of a more committed progeny that ultimately exits the cell cycle and fulfils neuronal differentiation. The adult zebrafish pallium harbours NSCs, called radial glia (RG), which share with their mammalian counterparts the same basic properties. Previously, our laboratory demonstrated that Notch3 was necessary to maintain RG quiescence. Here, in two different and complementary works, we took advantage of the widespread neurogenic ventricular zone (VZ) of the adult zebrafish pallium to (1) explore further the role of Notch3 signalling in RG homeostasis and (2) investigate the division pattern and dynamics allowing the RG population to be maintained on the long run. In the first study, we demonstrate that the role of Notch3 signalling extends beyond the simple maintenance of RG quiescence and that Notch3 also contributes to RG stemness. By overlapping the transcriptomic profiles of both notch3 mutant RG and adult pallial VZ progenitors, we identified different sets of Notch3 target genes potentially responsible for its pleitropic effect in RG. Notably, we show that the Notch3 signalling contribution to RG stemness critically relies on the transcriptional activation of its canonical target gene hey1 and this, independently of Notch3 action on RG quiescence. In the second study, we performed a quantitative analysis of the fates of individual her4.1(Hes5)-expressing RG. We demonstrate that these cells adopt balanced stochastic fates, which allows their population to reach homeostasis. We also report that the overall RG population of the zebrafish pallium continues to grow during adulthood and that this expansion is very likely driven by a yet undefined upstream population of progenitors. As a consequence, we propose that the adult zebrafish is organised into a hierarchy of progenitors dominated by an unknown population that fuels the ongoing production of an intrinsically homeostatic population of RG which, itself, follows neutral drift dynamics
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KUO, JUI-KANG, and 郭瑞崗. "A novel stem-cell-embedded wound healing patch fabricated by photopolymerization 3D printing." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/t5c5jm.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
生醫電子與資訊學研究所
107
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to be potential candidates to cell therapy due to their immunomodulation and regeneration abilities. Lots of clinical trials have reached successful results that MSCs could enhance the wound healing process. However, the mechanism how MSCs affect the process and what is the most efficient way to apply cells to the wound still need to be investigated. Some novel cell-embedded patches are introduced in this study to keep the cells at the wound site. The GelMA-based wound healing patch can be fabricated on customization to any shape to meet the clinical needs through 3D printing technique. Most of the cells could survive for more than 12hrs under proper condition, which made the patch a promising product for clinical use in the near future.
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Hsieh, Tsung Chih, and 謝宗志. "Study of Hyaluronic acid embedded human umbilical cord Wharton's Jelly mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates liver fibrosis in mice." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10392485699632439586.

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碩士
正修科技大學
化工與材料工程研究所
100
Due to the development of society in recent years, has changed the structure of traditional society and the way people live, with increasing population of chronic diseases. According to the statistics of Department of Health, there are 5153 people died because of chronic liver disease or liver cirrhosis in 2011, has ranked eighth place in top 10. Some studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells from human umbilical cord Wharton’s Jelly has the ability of proliferation, differentiation into other lineage of cell and also has the ability of self regeneration and tissue repair. Mesenchymal stem cells from Human umbilical cord Wharton’s Jelly (WJ-MSCs) has a strong expression of CD44 surface marler, we take advantage that hyaluronic acid could mediate with CD44 to protect cells and has the ability of anti-inflammation, to figure out that whether Mesenchymal stem cells from Human umbilical cord Wharton’s Jelly embedded with hyaluronic acid could ameliorate Carbon tetrachloride induced liver fibrosis in mice or not. This study use Carbon Tetrachloride equally mixed in olive oil to induce liver fibrosis in mice by intraperitoneal injection at a dose 1.0mL/Kg twice a week. Cell transplantation was four weeks later since the first injection, four more weeks of the induction, all mice were sacrificed at four weeks after cell transplantation. Results have shown that four weeks after cell transplantation, serum AST and ALT has down regulated in WJ/HA group (p<0.005), serum albumin has up regulated after hWJ-MSCs transplantation (p=0.001), and fibrous area in the liver has decreased using Masson’s Trichrome Stain (p<0.05). We also detected the expression of α-Smooth muscle actin by immunohistochemistry stain in liver section, which is down regulated in WJ/HA group (p<0.005) suggested that activated hepatic stellate cells could be suppressed, and MMP 9 has also down regulated in liver section, which means it has the ability of degradation of extracellular matrix. To make sure it is mesenchymal stem cells that transplanted in this study, we pre-stained WJ-MSCs with PKH26 cell tracking dye, and it did observed PKH26 expression from liver section in the WJ/HA Group. Suggested that transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells from human umbilical cord Wharton’s Jelly has the ability to ameliorate carbon tetrachloride induced liver fibrosis in mice.
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Lin, Se Yu, and 林瑟玉. "Investigation of the effects of a wound healing promoting matrix containing adipose-derived stem cell spheroids embedded in collagen." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14096272428984210500.

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碩士
國立清華大學
分子醫學研究所
103
Skin is the first line of barrier to protect the body from pathogens. Patients suffering from burns, diabetes wounds and chronic skin wounds are susceptible to infections. Tissue engineering- based cell therapies have been used to promote wound healing and demonstrated to be more effective than conventional wound dressing. In this study, we examined whether adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) spheroids, a simple three-dimensional (3D) substitute, can accelerate wound healing. First, we found ADSC co-cultured with the human intestinal epithelial C2BBe1 cells formed tube-like structure. We then investigated whether ADSC could promote cell migration using the scratch wound healing assay on monolayers of C2BBe1 cells. The result showed that wound healing was significantly enhanced after treatment with conditioned medium from ADSC. In addition, we found that ADSC-spheroids formation by hanging drop had higher cells growth rate, and ADSC conditioned medium reduced IL-1β level during inflammation. This study was followed by using the cutaneous excisional nude mice model. We covered the 8 mm-diameter wound on mice with a dressing consisting of ADSC-spheroids embedded in a collagen gel. The ADSC- spheroids collagen dressing treated-group displayed a significant faster healing rate after one week than its untreated counterpart. Data from histology sections of the wounds suggest that the quicker healing rates by ADSC-spheroids embedded collagen dressing treatment may be due to the reduction of inflammation in the wound healing process. The establishment of the ADSC-spheroids collagen dressing is beneficial to patients with skin wounds. The dressing is also simple to prepare and is convenient to be used in patients. Therefore, ADSC-spheroids collagen dressing may provide a clinical alternative to promote wound healing.
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(6857492), Emilie A. Siverling. "Heat Transfer Conceptions Used in an Engineering Design-Based STEM Integration Unit: A Case of Struggle." Thesis, 2019.

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In the United States, there has been an increased emphasis on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), and especially engineering, in pre-college settings. There are several potential benefits of this, including: increasing the quantity and diversity of students who pursue STEM careers, improving all students’ technological literacy, and improving student learning in the STEM disciplines. While current standards support the integration of the four STEM disciplines in pre-college classrooms, research still needs to be done to determine which models of STEM integration are effective and how and why they impact student learning. The context of this study is a model of STEM integration called engineering design-based STEM integration. The purpose of this study was to do an in-depth exploration of students’ use of science conceptions during an engineering design-based STEM integration unit, with additional focus on how engineering design, redesign, teamwork, and communication influence students’ use of science conceptions. For this study, the unit was designed to address middle school-level physical science concepts related to heat transfer, including temperature, thermal energy, and processes of heat transfer (i.e., conduction, convection, and radiation).

An embedded case study design was used to explore students’ science conceptions while they participated in an engineering design STEM integration unit. The case was one student team from a seventh-grade science class, and the students within the team were the embedded sub-units. Data were collected on each day of the unit’s implementation; these data included video of the student team and entire classroom, audio of the student team, observations and field notes, and student artifacts, including their engineering notebooks. Data were analyzed primarily using methods from qualitative content analysis. Themes emerged for the whole team, with emphasis on specific students when appropriate.

The results show that there were a few key features of engineering (i.e., engineering design, redesign, teamwork, and communication) that influenced students’ use of heat transfer conceptions. During much of the problem scoping stage, which included the science lessons focused on heat transfer, students mostly used scientific conceptions about conduction, convection, and radiation. However, when they needed to think about those three processes of heat transfer together, as well as apply them to the context of the engineering design challenge, the students began to use a larger mix of scientific conceptions and alternative conceptions. Several alternative conceptions emerged when they combined ideas and vocabulary from conduction and radiation to create one set of rules about thermal properties of materials (i.e., did not distinguish between conduction and radiation). Even when they used scientific conceptions, the students sometimes applied the conceptions unscientifically when designing, which led them to create a prototype that performed poorly. However, the student team then learned from the failures of their first design and redesigned, during which they appropriately used mostly scientific conceptions. In other words, the opportunity to learn from failure and redesign was critical to this team’s use of correct conceptions about heat transfer. Two other features of engineering that emerged were teamwork and communication through notebooks. Students on the team learned from each other, but they learned both scientific and alternative conceptions from each other and from their peers on other teams. Engineering notebooks proved to be somewhat helpful to students, since they referred to them a few times when designing, but more importantly they were helpful in revealing students’ conceptions, especially for one student on the team who rarely spoke.

The findings of this study contribute to future development and implementation of other engineering design-based STEM integration curricula because they show how various features of engineering influenced this student team’s use of science conceptions. In particular, the results demonstrate the importance of giving students the opportunity to learn from failure and redesign, since this process can help students use more scientific conceptions and potentially repair their alternative conceptions. Additionally, it is important for curriculum developers and teachers to think carefully about the transition from problem scoping to solution generation and how to include effective scaffolds for students to help them combine their conceptions from science lessons and apply them correctly when designing. These results also have implications related to heat transfer conceptions, as the student team in this study demonstrated some scientific and alternative conceptions that were already in the literature. Additionally, they used alternative conceptions when they confused concepts from conduction and radiation, which are not in literature about pre-college heat transfer conceptions. These findings suggest that more research should be done to explore the interaction of engineering design and students’ science conceptions, especially heat transfer conceptions.
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Books on the topic "Embedded stems"

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Bonneh, Yoram. Motion-Induced Blindness. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0103.

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Motion-induced blindness (MIB) is a phenomenon characterized by “visual disappearance” in which relatively small but salient visual objects may disappear from one’s awareness intermittently for several seconds when embedded within a moving pattern. It is a compelling example of multistable perception in which physically invariant stimulation leads to fluctuations in perception. The interest in MIB stems from its potential use in studying visual processing outside the locus of awareness and the neural correlates of consciousness. Current studies of MIB provide evidence against low-level suppression of the visual signal and demonstrate residual processing of the invisible. This chapter explores these and related concepts.
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Kobylińska, Anna, and Maciej Falski, eds. Architects and their Societies. Cultural Study on the Habsburg-Slavic Area (1861-1938). University of Warsaw Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323549918.

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The idea of looking at the architects operating within the cultural framework of the Habsburg Empire, embedded in this book, stems from our previous research. It has its roots in the research on Slavic peripheral narratives, conducted by the Research Group on the Slavic Cultures in the Habsburg Monarchy (http://uwhabsburgstudies.uw.edu.pl/), which has operated since 2011 at the Institute of Western and Southern Slavic Studies of the University of Warsaw. We studied the issue of peripheral attitudes towards both national narratives, created after 1861 by the Slovak, Czech and Croatian elites, and the imperial project imposed by Vienna and Budapest. Faithful to the microlevel approach, we looked at figures, spaces and social phenomena that do not fit into the stereotypical view of national historiography.
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Reiff, Mark R. Punishment in the executive suite: Moral responsibility, causal responsibility, and financial crime. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755661.003.0006.

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Despite the enormity of the financial losses flowing from the 2008 financial crisis and the outrageousness of the conduct that led up to it, almost no individual involved has been prosecuted for criminal conduct, much less actually gone to prison. This chapter argues that the failure to punish those in management for their role in this misconduct stems from a misunderstanding of the need to prove that they personally knew of this wrongdoing and harbored an intent to defraud. Not only would negligence be a sufficient legal and moral basis for imposing terms of imprisonment in these cases, mere causal responsibility would also be enough, for causal responsibility has embedded in it all we need to find those causally responsible morally responsible too, and once some basis for moral responsibility is established, the imposition of terms of imprisonment is both legally possible and morally just.
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Plotnik, Adam N., and Stephen Kee. Removing the Angled Inferior Vena Cava Filter with an Embedded Hook: The “Hangman” Technique. Edited by S. Lowell Kahn, Bulent Arslan, and Abdulrahman Masrani. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199986071.003.0054.

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Multiple advanced techniques for the retrieval of difficult inferior vena cava (IVC) filters have been published in the literature, most of which describe mechanical methods to disrupt the fibrous capsule in cases in which the filter hook or struts have become embedded in the IVC wall. Despite reported high success rates, these techniques often require multiple venous access sites or the use of special equipment. The “hangman” technique is a modified “loop snare” technique that requires only a single venous access and uses standard interventional equipment. It modifies the loop snare technique by passing the wire loop between the filter neck and IVC wall, as opposed to the filter. This chapter elaborates on the hangman technique and its applications and steps.
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Get going with Amazon Echo and Alexa: In easy steps. 2018.

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Sewall, Joseph. Dialogue Concerning the Slavery of the Africans. Beaufort Books, 1976.

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Manglos-Weber, Nicolette D. The Shape of Identity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190841041.003.0006.

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Migrations abroad for a better life take place within the context of complex lifelong trajectories. While Ghanaians coming to the United States are usually motivated by specific aspirations, frequently having to do with education or professional opportunities, their aspirations often change over time and in response to opportunities and setbacks. They are constantly revising their aspirations while also negotiating their identities along dimensions of race, ethnicity, and nationality. Furthermore, this process is deeply embedded in the relationships they hold on to from home and the new ones they form abroad. In that sense, revisions of aspirations and negotiations of identity are embedded in social networks. This chapter steps slightly away from the topic of religion to the more general issues of aspiration and identity, in order to support the ultimate argument that religious-based relationships of personal trust influence such revisions and negotiations.
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Smart homes in easy steps: Master smart technology for your home. 2018.

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Arabi, Mohammad. Laser Sheath Assisted Filter Removal. Edited by S. Lowell Kahn, Bulent Arslan, and Abdulrahman Masrani. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199986071.003.0057.

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This chapter presents a step-by-step guide to the use of laser sheath assisted filter removal. It describes the clinical applications of laser-tipped sheath in removing chronically embedded filters using controlled photothermal ablation of the endothelium surrounding the filter struts. This technique has been long used for extraction of pacemaker leads and has recently been extrapolated to filter removal because it minimizes the forces applied during difficult retrieval procedures and allows for removal of permanent filter devices. In addition to requiring less force for filter retrieval, laser sheath assisted removal helps reduce the total fluoroscopic time needed to complete the procedure. This chapter details the technical steps, potential pitfalls, and possible complications of this technique.
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Bacskai-Atkari, Julia. The relative cycle in Hungarian declaratives. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747307.003.0004.

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This chapter examines word order variation and change in the high CP-domain of Hungarian embedded clauses containing the finite subordinating C head hogy ‘that’. It is argued that the complementizer hogy developed from an operator of the same morphophonological form, meaning ‘how’, and that its grammaticalization path develops in two steps. In addition to the change from an operator, located in a specifier, into a C head (specifier-to-head reanalysis), the fully grammaticalized complementizer hogy also changed its relative position on the CP-periphery, ultimately occupying the higher of two C head positions (upward reanalysis). Other complementizers that could co-occur with hogy in Old Hungarian eventually underwent similar reanalysis processes. Hence the possibility of accommodating two separate C heads in the left periphery was lost and variation in the relative position of complementizers was replaced by a fixed order.
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Book chapters on the topic "Embedded stems"

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Albers, Karsten, Benjamin Bolte, Max-Arno Meyer, Axel Terfloth, and Anna Wißdorf. "Tool Support for Co-Simulation-Based Analysis." In Model-Based Engineering of Collaborative Embedded Systems, 269–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62136-0_13.

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AbstractThe development of collaborative embedded systems (CESs) requires the validation of their runtime behavior during design time. In this context, simulation-based analysis methods play a key role in the development of such systems. Simulations of CESs tend to become complex. One cause is that CESs work in collaborative system groups (CSGs) within a dynamic context., which is why CESs must be simulated as participants of a CSG. Another cause stems from the fact that CES simulations cover various cyber-physical domains. The models incorporated are often managed by different tools that are specialized for specific simulation disciplines and must be jointly executed in a cosimulation. Besides the methodological aspects, the interoperability of models and tools within such a co-simulation is a major challenge. This chapter focusses on the tool integration aspect of enabling co-simulations. It motivates the need for co-simulation for CES development and describes a general tool architecture. The chapter presents the advantages and limitations of adopting existing standards such as FMI and DCP, as well as best practices for integrating simulation tools and models for CESs and CSGs.
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Beningo, Jacob. "Next Steps." In Embedded Software Design, 395–99. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-8279-3_16.

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Agrawal, Dharma Prakash. "Deployed Large-Scale WSNs and Associated Design Steps." In Embedded Sensor Systems, 429–45. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3038-3_19.

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Meron, M., S. Y. Goldberg, A. Solomon-Halgoa, and G. Ramon. "Embedded stem water potential sensor." In Precision agriculture '15, 527–32. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-814-8_65.

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Singh, Rajesh, Anita Gehlot, Bhupendra Singh, and Sushabhan Choudhury. "Steps to Design a Proteus Simulation Model." In Arduino-Based Embedded Systems, 13–18. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2018.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315162881-3.

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Gehwolf, Renate, Gabriel Spitzer, Andrea Wagner, Christine Lehner, Nadja Weissenbacher, Herbert Tempfer, and Andreas Traweger. "3D-Embedded Cell Cultures to Study Tendon Biology." In Stem Cells and Aging, 155–65. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7651_2019_208.

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Singh, Rajesh, Anita Gehlot, Bhupendra Singh, and Sushabhan Choudhury. "Steps to Write a Program with Arduino Integrated Development Environment." In Arduino-Based Embedded Systems, 7–11. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2018.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315162881-2.

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Ricciardi, Mario, Mauro Krampera, and Marco Chilosi. "Quantitative Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization on Paraffin Embedded Tissue." In Stem Cells and Aging, 167–73. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-317-6_13.

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Gamatié, Abdoulaye. "Design in Polychrony: First Steps." In Designing Embedded Systems with the SIGNAL Programming Language, 83–92. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0941-1_6.

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Lee, Yunho, Kwangwoo Lee, Seungjoo Kim, Dongho Won, and Hyungkyu Yang. "A Method for Deciding Quantization Steps in QIM Watermarking Schemes." In Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing – EUC 2005 Workshops, 965–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11596042_99.

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Conference papers on the topic "Embedded stems"

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Rezaee, M., and H. Fekrmandi. "Analysis of Free Nonlinear Vibration Behavior for Curved Embedded Carbon Nanotubes on Elastic Foundation." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24592.

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are expected to have significant impact on several emerging nanoelectromechanical (NEMS) applications. Vigorous understanding of the dynamic behavior of CNTs is essential for designing novel nanodevices. Recent literature show an increased utilization of models based on elastic continuum mechanics theories for studying the vibration behavior of CNTs. The importance of the continuum models stems from two points; (i) continuum simulations consume much less computational effort than the molecular dynamics simulations, and (ii) predicting nanostructures behavior through continuum simulation is much cheaper than studying their behavior through experimental verification. In numerous recent papers, CNTs were assumed to behave as perfectly straight beams or straight cylindrical shells. However, images taken by transmission electron microscopes for CNTs show that these tiny structures are not usually straight, but rather have certain degree of curvature or waviness along the nanotubes length. The curved morphology is due to process-induced waviness during manufacturing processes, in addition to mechanical properties such as low bending stiffness and large aspect ratio. In this study the free nonlinear oscillations of wavy embedded multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are investigated. The problem is formulated on the basis of the continuum mechanics theory and the waviness of the MWCNTs is modeled as a sinusoidal curve. The governing equation of motion is derived by using the Hamilton’s principle. The Galerkin approach was utilized to reduce the equation of motion to a second order nonlinear differential equation which involves a quadratic nonlinear term due to the curved geometry of the beam, and a cubic nonlinear term due to the stretching effect. The system response has been obtained using the incremental harmonic balanced method (IHBM). Using this method, the iterative relations describing the interaction between the amplitude and the frequency for the single-wall nanotube and double-wall nanotube are obtained. Also, the influence of the waviness, elastic medium and van der Waals forces on frequency-response curves is researched. Results present some useful information to analyze CNT’s nonlinear dynamic behavior.
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Khonsari, S. V., G. L. England, and A. R. Mohammadi. "Behaviour of an Innovative Universal Structural Connection Under Monotonic and Cyclic Shear Loading." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-80047.

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A new structural connection with special unique features was developed. While under bending it showed very high rotational capacity, in shear, unlike other existing connections, it also demonstrated a large shear deformation capacity. The ductile response of this connection stems from its innovative geometry as well as the ductility of the elements embedded in it. Since the previous shear tests on the specimens of this connection were carried out under ‘unrestricted’ conditions, the tests reported here were all under ‘restricted’ conditions. These shear tests consisted of ‘monotonic’ as well as ‘cyclic’ tests on mild steel specimens. Due to the restrictions imposed on the specimens during the test, the stiffness increased, compared with that of their unrestricted counterparts. Also, the transition from shear phase to tensile phase of deformation took place at an earlier stage compared with its non-restricted counterpart. The monotonic tests proved the high shear deformation capacity of the connection which exists alongside its high stiffness as well as strength. The cyclic tests, however, showed the large number of hysteresis cycles the specimens could endure before failure. Both types of tests, monotonic and cyclic, proved the ability of the connection to dissipate energy in shear under either loading regime in a very efficient manner.
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Drgona, Jan, Lieve Helsen, and Draguna L. Vrabie. "Cutting the Deployment Costs of Physics-Based MPC in Buildings by Simulation-Based Imitation Learning." In ASME 2020 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2020-3118.

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Abstract It has been shown that model predictive control (MPC) is a promising solution for energy-efficient building operations. However, the deployment of MPC in a large portion of the building stock has not been possible partially because of high installation costs. Every building is unique and requires a tailored MPC solution. The best performing solutions are often based on physics-based modeling, which is, however, computationally expensive and requires dedicated software. A promising direction that tackles this problem is to train a neural network-based optimal control policy to imitate the behavior of physics-based MPC from the simulation data generated offline. The neural networks give control actions that closely approximate those produced by physics-based MPC, but with a fraction of the computational and memory requirements and without the need for licensed software. The main advantage of the proposed approach stems from simple evaluation at execution time, leading to low computational foot-prints and easy deployment on embedded HW platforms. In the case study, we present the energy savings potential of physics-based MPC applied to an office building in Belgium. We demonstrate how neural network approximators can be used to cut the implementation and maintenance costs of MPC deployment without compromising performance. We also critically assess the presented approach by pointing out the remaining challenges and open research questions.
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Santiago-Aviles, Jorge J., and Gerri Light. "Embedded controlled gardening: An academically based service course." In 2018 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isecon.2018.8340467.

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Nguyen, Thao D., Reese E. Jones, and Brad L. Boyce. "Modeling the Anisotropic Finite-Deformation Viscoelastic Behavior of Soft Fiber-Reinforced Tissues." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176919.

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This paper presents a constitutive model for the anisotropic, finite-deformation viscoelastic behavior of soft fiber-reinforced tissues. Soft fiber-reinforced tissues, such as the cornea, tendons, and blood vessels, have a unique combination of mechanical properties that enables them to perform important structural, protective, and energy-absorbing functions. Because of their fiber-reinforced microstructure, these tissues are extraordinarily stiff and strong for their weight. Many are also flexible and tough. The toughness of these tissues arises from the ability of both the soft fiber and matrix phases to dissipate energy through large viscoelastic deformations. The viscoelastic behavior of the matrix of soft tissues can arise from fluid flow through a swollen polymer network and/or the diffusive motion of polymer segments within the network. The time-dependent behavior of the fiber reinforcements, which themselves can be composite structures, stems from the viscoelastic nature of the fiber material and/or the dissipative mechanisms of the fiber/matrix interface. To model the distinct time-dependent behavior of both fiber and matrix constituents, the tissue is represented as a continuum mixture consisting of a variety of fiber families embedded in an isotropic matrix. Both phases are required to deform with the continuum deformation gradient. However, the model attributes a different viscous stretch measure and free energy density to the matrix and fiber phases. Separate viscous flow rules are specified for the matrix phase and the individual fiber families. The flow rules for the fiber families are combined to give an anisotropic effective viscous flow rule for the fiber phase. An attractive feature of model is that key parameters can be related to the material properties (i.e., moduli, viscosities, volume fraction) of the fiber and matrix phases. Also, the anisotropy exhibited by both the elastic and viscous response of the composite arises directly from the fiber arrangement.
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Tewolde, Girma. "Student-Inspired Project-Based Learning in an Embedded Systems Course." In 2020 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isec49744.2020.9280656.

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Rao, A. Ravishankar, Daniel Clarke, Manthan Bhdiyadra, and Siddharth Phadke. "Development of an embedded system course to teach the Internet-of-Things." In 2018 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isecon.2018.8340468.

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Subbian, V., and C. Purdy. "Redesigning an advanced embedded systems course: A step towards interdisciplinary engineering education." In 2013 3rd IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isecon.2013.6525231.

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Rao, A. Ravishankar. "A three-year retrospective on offering an embedded systems course with a focus on cybersecurity." In 2020 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isec49744.2020.9280671.

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Petruzzi, Alessandro, Francesco D’Auria, Tomislav Bajs, and Francesc Reventos. "International Training Program in Support of Safety Analysis: 3D S.UN.COP—Scaling, Uncertainty and 3D Thermal-Hydraulics/Neutron-Kinetics Coupled Codes Seminars." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89902.

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Thermal-hydraulic system computer codes are extensively used worldwide for analysis of nuclear facilities by utilities, regulatory bodies, nuclear power plant designers and vendors, nuclear fuel companies, research organizations, consulting companies, and technical support organizations. The computer code user represents a source of uncertainty that can influence the results of system code calculations. This influence is commonly known as the ‘user effect’ and stems from the limitations embedded in the codes as well as from the limited capability of the analysts to use the codes. Code user training and qualification is an effective means for reducing the variation of results caused by the application of the codes by different users. This paper describes a systematic approach to training code users who, upon completion of the training, should be able to perform calculations making the best possible use of the capabilities of best estimate codes. In other words, the program aims at contributing towards solving the problem of user effect. The 3D S.UN.COP (Scaling, Uncertainty and 3D COuPled code calculations) seminars have been organized as follow-up of the proposal to IAEA for the Permanent Training Course for System Code Users [1]. Five seminars have been held at University of Pisa (2003, 2004), at The Pennsylvania State University (2004), at University of Zagreb (2005) and at the School of Industrial Engineering of Barcelona (2006). It was recognized that such courses represented both a source of continuing education for current code users and a mean for current code users to enter the formal training structure of a proposed ‘permanent’ stepwise approach to user training. The 3D S.UN.COP 2006 was successfully held with the attendance of 33 participants coming from 18 countries and 28 different institutions (universities, vendors, national laboratories and regulatory bodies). More than 30 scientists (coming from 13 countries and 23 different institutions) were involved in the organization of the seminar, presenting theoretical aspects of the proposed methodologies and holding the training and the final examination. A certificate (LA Code User grade) was released to participants that successfully solved the assigned problems. A sixth seminar will be organized in 2007 at the Texas A&M University involving more than 30 scientists between lecturers and code developers. (http://dimnp.ing.unipi.it/3dsuncop/2007)
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Reports on the topic "Embedded stems"

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Taiber, Joachim. Unsettled Topics Concerning the Impact of Quantum Technologies on Automotive Cybersecurity. SAE International, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2020026.

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Quantum computing is considered the “next big thing” when it comes to solving computational problems impossible to tackle using conventional computers. However, a major concern is that quantum computers could be used to crack current cryptographic schemes designed to withstand traditional cyberattacks. This threat also impacts future automated vehicles as they become embedded in a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) ecosystem. In this scenario, encrypted data is transmitted between a complex network of cloud-based data servers, vehicle-based data servers, and vehicle sensors and controllers. While the vehicle hardware ages, the software enabling V2X interactions will be updated multiple times. It is essential to make the V2X ecosystem quantum-safe through use of “post-quantum cryptography” as well other applicable quantum technologies. This SAE EDGE™ Research Report considers the following three areas to be unsettled questions in the V2X ecosystem: How soon will quantum computing pose a threat to connected and automated vehicle technologies? What steps and measures are needed to make a V2X ecosystem “quantum-safe?” What standardization is needed to ensure that quantum technologies do not pose an unacceptable risk from an automotive cybersecurity perspective?
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