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Woldu, Essayas Gebrewahid, and Fareed Ahmed Jokhio. "Experiments with Vehicle Platooning." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-5621.
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This thesis is concerned with an experimental platform for studying cooperative driving and techniques for embedded systems programming. Cooperative driving systems use vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication for safe, smooth and efficient transportation. Cooperative driving systems are considered as a promising solution for traffic situations such as blind crossings. For the thesis work we use a robotic vehicle known as PIE (Platform for Intelligent Embedded Systems) equipped with a wireless communication device, electrical motors and controlled via a SAM7-P256 development board. For the infrastructure side we use a SAM7-P256 development board equipped with nRF24l01. Vehicle to vehicle and base station to vehicle communication is established and different platooning scenarios are implemented. The scenarios are similar to platooning scenarios from the Grand Cooperative Driving Challenge GCDC1. The performance of the platoon control algorithm is measured in terms of throughput (a measure of string stability), smoothness and safety, where the safety requirements serve as pass/fail criteria.
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Adrielsson, Anders. "Zedboard based platform for condition monitoring and control experiments." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-70105.
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New methods for monitoring the condition of roller element bearings in rotating machinery offer possibilities to reduce repair- and maintenance costs, and reduced use of environmentally harmful lubricants. One such method is sparse representation of vibration signals using matching pursuit with dictionary learning, which so far has been tested on PCs with data from controlled tests. Further testing requires a platform capable of signal processing and control in more realistic experiments. This thesis focuses on the integration of a hybrid CPU-FPGA hardware system with a 16-bit analog-to-digital converter and an oil pump, granting the possibility of collecting real-time data, executing the algorithm in closed loop and supplying lubrication to the machine under test, if need be. The aforementioned algorithm is implemented in a Zynq-7000 System-on-Chip and the analog-to-digital converter as well as the pump motor controller are integrated. This platform enables portable operation of the matching pursuit with dictionary learning in the field under a larger variety of environmental and operational conditions, conditions which might prove difficult to reproduce in a laboratory setup. The platform developed throughout this project can collect data using the analog-to-digital converter and operations can be performed on that data in both the CPU and the FPGA. A test of the system function at a sampling rate of 5 kHz is presented and the input and output are verified to function correctly.
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Anozie, Chidi H. "Event-Triggered Design of Networked Embedded Automation Systems." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1291754351.
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Oliveira, Ádria Barros de. "Applying dual core lockstep in embedded processors to mitigate radiation induced soft errors." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173785.
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Os processadores embarcados operando em sistemas de segurança ou de missão crítica não podem falhar. Qualquer falha neste tipo de aplicação pode levar a consequências inaceitáveis, como risco de vida ou danos à propriedade ou ao meio ambiente. Os sistemas embarcados que operam em aplicações aeroespaciais são sucetíveis à falhas transientes induzidas por radiação. Entretanto, os efeitos de radiação também podem ser observados ao nível do solo. Falhas transientes afetam os processadores modificando os valores armazenados em elementos de memória, tais como registradores e memória de dados. Essas falhas podem levar o processador a executar incorretamente a aplicação, provocando erros na saída ou travamentos no sistema. Os avanços recentes em processadores embarcados concistem na integração de processadores hard-core e FPGAs. Tais dispositivos, comumente chamados de Sistemas-em-Chip Totalmente Programáveis (APSoCs), também são sucetíveis aos efeitos de radiação. Com objetivo de minimizar esse problema de tolerância a falhas, este trabalho apresenta um Dual-Core LockStep (DCLS) como uma técnica de tolerância para mitigar falhas induzidas por radiação que afetam processadores embarcados em APSoCs. Lockstep é um método baseado em redundância usado para detectar e corrigir falhas transientes. O DCLS proposto é implementado em um processador ARM Cortex-A9 hard-core embarcado no APSoC Zynq-7000. A eficiência da abordagem implementada foi validada tanto em aplicações executando em bare-metal como no sistema operacional FreeRTOS. Experimentos com íons pesados e emulação de falhas por injeção foram executados para analisar a sucetibilidade do sistema a inversão de bits. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a abordagem é capaz de diminuir a seção de choque do sistema com uma alta taxa de proteção. O sistema DCLS mitigou com sucesso até 78% das falhas injetadas. Otimizações de software também foram avaliadas para uma melhor compreenção dos trade-offs entre desempenho e confiabilidade. Através da análise de diferentes partições de software, observou-se que o tempo de execução de um bloco da aplicação deve ser muito maior que o tempo de verificação para que se obtenha menor impacto em desempenho. A avaliação de otimizações de compilador demonstrou que utilizar o nível O3 aumenta a vulnerabilidade da aplicação à falhas transientes. Como o O3 requer o uso de mais registradores que os otros níveis de otimização, o sistema se torna mais sucetível à falhas. Por outro lado, os resultados dos experimentos de radiação apontam que a aplicação compilada com nível O3 obtém maior Carga de Trabalho Média Entre Falhas (MWBF). Como a aplicação executa mais rápido, mais dados são computados corretamente antes da ocorrência de um erro.The embedded processors operating in safety- or mission-critical systems are not allowed to fail. Any failure in such applications could lead to unacceptable consequences as life risk or significant damage to property or environment. Concerning faults originated by the radiation-induced soft errors, the embedded systems operating in aerospace applications are particularly susceptible. However, the radiation effects can also be observed at ground level. Soft errors affect processors by modifying values stored in memory elements, such as registers and data memory. These faults may lead the processor to execute an application incorrectly, generating output errors or leading hangs and crashes in the system. The recent advances in embedded systems concern the integration of hard-core processors and FPGAs. Such devices, called All Programmable System-on-Chip (APSoC), are also susceptible to radiation effects. Aiming to address this fault tolerance problem this work presents a Dual-Core LockStep (DCLS) as a fault tolerance technique to mitigate radiation-induced faults affecting processors embedded into APSoCs. Lockstep is a method based on redundancy used to detect and correct soft errors. The proposed DCLS is implemented in a hard-core ARM Cortex-A9 embedded into a Zynq-7000 APSoC. The approach efficiency was validated not only on applications running in baremetal but also on top of FreeRTOS systems. Heavy ions experiments and fault injection emulation were performed to analyze the system susceptibility to bit-flips. The obtained results show that the approach is able to decrease the system cross section with a high rate of protection. The DCLS system successfully mitigated up to 78% of the injected faults. Software optimizations were also evaluated to understand the trade-offs between performance and reliability better. By the analysis of different software partitions, it was observed that the execution time of an application block must to be much longer than the verification time to achieve fewer performance penalties. The compiler optimizations assessment demonstrate that using O3 level increases the application vulnerability to soft errors. Because O3 handles more registers than other optimizations, the system is more susceptible to faults. On the other hand, results from radiation experiments show that O3 level provides a higher Mean Workload Between Failures (MWBF). As the application runs faster, more data are correctly computed before an error occurrence.
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Keresztes, Janos C., Koshel R. John, Karlien D’huys, Ketelaere Bart De, Jan Audenaert, Peter Goos, and Wouter Saeys. "Augmented design and analysis of computer experiments: a novel tolerance embedded global optimization approach applied to SWIR hyperspectral illumination design." OPTICAL SOC AMER, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622951.
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A novel meta-heuristic approach for minimizing nonlinear constrained problems is proposed, which offers tolerance information during the search for the global optimum. The method is based on the concept of design and analysis of computer experiments combined with a novel two phase design augmentation (DACEDA), which models the entire merit space using a Gaussian process, with iteratively increased resolution around the optimum. The algorithm is introduced through a series of cases studies with increasing complexity for optimizing uniformity of a short-wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging (HSI) illumination system (IS). The method is first demonstrated for a two-dimensional problem consisting of the positioning of analytical isotropic point sources. The method is further applied to two-dimensional (2D) and five-dimensional (5D) SWIR HSI IS versions using close-and far-field measured source models applied within the non-sequential ray-tracing software FRED, including inherent stochastic noise. The proposed method is compared to other heuristic approaches such as simplex and simulated annealing (SA). It is shown that DACEDA converges towards a minimum with 1 % improvement compared to simplex and SA, and more importantly requiring only half the number of simulations. Finally, a concurrent tolerance analysis is done within DACEDA for to the five-dimensional case such that further simulations are not required. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
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Favre, Dominguez Mario Benjamin. "Experimental investigation of a gas-embedded z-pinch." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37688.
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SLACK, MICHAEL JAMES. "EXPERIMENTAL TESTING OF NON-EMBEDDED POSITIVE MOMENT CONNECTIONS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1022154276.
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Gunupudi, Vandana Tate Stephen R. "Exploring trusted platform module capabilities a theoretical and experimental study /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-6101.
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Lam, Wai-yin, and 林慧賢. "Experimental study on embedded steel plate composite coupling beams." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26643352.
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Hatemipur, Hussein. "Embedded programming and construction of the PCB SiC In Space Experiment." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-244395.
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This thesis consists of the compilation of four previous bachelor theses as well as the continued work that has been carried out within the SiC in Space project, which is a part of the student satellite project MIST in KTH. SiC in Space is a project whose aim is to examine and verify the characteristics of the semiconductor Silicon Carbide, SiC, in harsh environments, in space specifically. In order to carry out the tests on SiC, a PCB was designed, where the BJT measurement circuits, voltage circuits, selection of MCU as well as software, assembling and testing of the final PCB, were divided in four parts, due to the size of the project. This work discusses testing, programming and verifying of the previous designed PCB:s as well as the design of a new PCB which includes new requirements and specifications from MIST. A test oriented approach of programming was made to verify that the circuits met the desired functions in order to put together a complete programme for automatic measuring and communication with the satellite. The errors that were discovered in carried out tests, were adjusted for the new PCB, making it in accordance with all the requirements set by the MIST- and SiC group.Detta examensarbete bygger vidare på de fyra tidigare kandidatuppsatserna som har avhandlats samt det fortsatta arbetet inom SiC in Space projektet, vilket ingår i KTHs student satellit projekt MIST. SiC in space är ett projekt vars ändamål är att undersöka och verifiera halvledarmaterialet kiselkarbid, SiC, karakteristik i tuffa miljöer, specifikt i rymden för detta projekt. För att kunna göra tester på SiC designades ett kretskort, där experimentkretsarna, spänningskretsar, val av mikrokontroller samt mjukvara och montering och testning av det slutgiltiga kortet delades upp i fyra delar på grund av omfattningen av projektet. Detta arbete avhandlar i synnerhet testning, programmering samt verifiering av tidigare designade PCB tillika designen av ett nytt PCB inkluderande nya krav och specifikationer från MIST. En testorienterad programmeringsansats gjordes för att verifiera att kretsarna uppfyllde de önskade funktionerna för att sedan sammanställa ett fullständigt program för automatisk mätning och kommunikation med satelliten. De fel som upptäckts efter utförda tester har justerats för den nya PCBn, vilket i dagsläget uppfyller alla krav satta av både MIST och SiC gruppen.
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Sanders, Sharon Parris. "Embedded strategies in mathematics vocabulary instruction a quasi-experimental study /." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1202500268/.
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Mukhopadhyay, Supratik. "Failure of laminates containing embedded wrinkle defects : numerical and experimental study." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.701649.
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The work presented in this PhD project has investigated the effect of out-of-plane fibre waviness or 'wrinkling' defects on the failure of fibre reinforced composite laminates both experimentally and numerically. A quasi-isotropic lay-up ([+45/90/-45/0]3s) was chosen for this study because it is sufficiently representative of industrial components and from a failure perspective, presents a general scenario where both interlaminar failure (delamination), and intra-laminar failure (transverse cracking and fibre breakage/kinking) occur in a progressive and interactive manner. The initial focus was to assess the quasi-static tension and compression failure response of specimens with an artificially introduced embedded wrinkle of controllable severity. Specimens with three different grades of wrinkle severities were manufactured and tested, with high-speed video being used to monitor the damage initiation and propagation. Following the test findings, finite element models of wrinkle specimens were developed using the actual specimen geometry. Continuum damage models and cohesive zone models were implemented in Abaqus/Explicit to simulate failure. Excellent predictions were obtained both for failure stress levels and matrix crack/delamination interactions. Under axial compression, a switch of failure mode from fibre kinking to delamination with increasing ~le severity was also captured well. The study was then expanded to investigate the fatigue performance of laminates with embedded wrinkles. For the experimental programme, a number of moderate and lowest severity wrinkle specimens were manufactured and tested at 40, 50, 60 and 70% of the quasi-static tensile strength in tension-tension fatigue loading with R ratio 0.1. In addition pristine specimens (without any wrinkle defect) were also tested. The damage progression was continually monitored by a camera focused on the wrinkle, capturing images at regular intervals throughout the test. Some tests were interrupted partway through and x-ray CT scanned to identify the damage location and state inside the laminate. Numerical models for fatigue delamination were implemented in LS-Dyna. A crack-tip tracking based fatigue degradation law was implemented in a cohesive element framework. To improve its accuracy a phenomenological fatigue initiation model was integrated into the code. This m9del showed excellent qualitative and quantitative agreement with the tests. Finally, a parallel stream of work was undertaken to develop and implement a numerical tool to model mesh-independent discrete matrix cracking. This was applied to the problem of quasi-static tensile failure in a wrinkle specimen and successfully shown to overcome the limitation of mesh-orientation bias of crack growth otherwise seen in continuum damage models.
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OLIVEIRA, WALTER EDGLEY DE. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF ANCHORAGE PLATES EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4239@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOELETROBRAS TERMONUCLEAR S.A - ELETRONUCLEAR
Placas de ancoragem embutidas em concreto são empregadas, geralmente, com a finalidade de permitir a fixação de elementos para a introdução de cargas concentradas nas estruturas de concreto, bem como viabilizar as ligações estruturais entre componentes pré-fabricados. As placas são ancoradas no concreto através de pinos soldados a elas. Estas placas são bastante empregadas em estruturas de usinas nucleares onde um grande número de equipamentos e tubulações são apoiados na estrutura de concreto. A pesquisa é de natureza experimental e tem como objetivo investigar a redução da resistência à tração de placas de ancoragem com grupo de chumbadores, placas instaladas com pequena distância dos bordos do elemento de concreto, e também de duas placas adjacentes, devido a interferência de seus cones de ruptura. A eficiência de uma armadura de suspensão (que transmite a carga além do cone de ruptura), também é verificada. Os resultados experimentais sugerem uma notável redução da resistência à tração para placas com grupo de chumbadores, e que o uso da armadura de suspensão para placa instalada nas proximidades do bordo do elemento de concreto não é muito eficiente. A armadura de suspensão apresentou um bom rendimento quando foi empregada em placas com grupo de chumbadores. Os resultados teóricos obtidos através de equações desenvolvidas para estimativa da carga de ruptura, apresentaram, de maneira geral, uma boa aproximação quando comparados com os resultados experimentais.
Anchorage plates embedded in concrete are used with the purpose of allowing the fixation of elements for the introduction of concentrated loads into concrete structures, as well as to make possible the structural connections between prefabricated components. The plates are anchored in the concrete through studs welded to them. These plates are used in structures of nuclear power stations where a great number of equipments and pipings are fixed in the concrete structure. The research is of experimental nature and its objective is to investigate the reduction of the tensile strength of multiple studs group, anchorage plates located close to a free edge, and also of two adjacent plates, due to interference of failure concrete cones. The efficiency of an additional reinforcement (that transfers the load beyond the concrete cone), is also addressed. The experimental results suggest a significant reduction of the tensile strength for plates with studs group, and that the use of the additional reinforcement for anchorage plates located close to a free edge is not too efficient. The additional reinforcement presented a good efficiency when it was used in plates with studs group. The theoretical results obtained from equations developed to estimate the concrete failure load show, in a general way, a good agreement with the experimental results.
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Jebur, A. A. J. "An experimental and theoretical study of pile foundations embedded in sand soil." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/9211/.
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This study aimed to examine the load carrying capacity of model instrumented piles embedded in sand soil, and to develop and verify reliable, highly efficient predictive models to fully correlate the non-linear relationship of pile load-settlement behaviour using a new, self-tuning artificial intelligence (AI) approach. In addition, a new methodology has been developed, in which the most effective pile bearing capacity design parameters can be precisely determined. To achieve this, a series of comprehensive experimental pile load tests were carried out on precast concrete piles, steel closed-ended piles and steel open-ended piles, comprised of three slenderness ratios of 12, 17 and 25, using an innovative calibrated testing rig, designed and manufactured at Liverpool John Moores University. The model piles were tested in a large pile testing chamber at a range of different densities of sand; loose (18%), medium (51%) and dense (83%). It is worth noting that novel structural fibres were utilised and optimised for different volume fractions to enhance the mechanical performance of concrete piles. The obtained results revealed that the higher the values of the of the pile effective length, Lc (embedded length of pile), sand density, and the soil-pile angle of shearing resistance, the higher the axial load magnitudes to reach the yield limit. This can be attributed to the increase in the end bearing point and mobilised shaft resistance. In addition, the plastic mechanism occurring in the surrounding soil was identified as the leading cause for the presence of nonlinearity in the pile-load tests. Furthermore, a new enhanced self-tuning supervised Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) training algorithm, based on a MATLAB environment, was introduced and applied in this process. The proposed algorithm was trained after conducting a comprehensive statistical analysis, the key objectives being to identify and yield reliable information from the most effective input parameters, highlight the relative importance “Beta values” and the statistical significance “Sig values” of each model input variable (IV) on the model output. To assess the accuracy and the efficiency of the employed algorithm, different measuring performance indicators (MPI), suggested in the open literature, were utilised. Common statistical performance indexes, i.e., root mean square error (RMSE), Pearson’s moment correlation coefficient (p), coefficient of determination (R), and mean square error (MSE) for each model were determined. Based on the graphical and numerical comparisons between the experimental and predicted load-settlement values, the results revealed that the optimum models of the LM training algorithm fully characterised load-settlement response with remarkable agreement. Additionally, the proposed algorithm successfully outperformed the conventional approaches, demonstrating the feasibility of the current study. New design charts have been developed to calculate the individual contribution of the most significant pile bearing capacity design parameters “the earth pressure coefficient (K) and the bearing capacity factor (N )”. The improved approach takes into account the change in sand relative density, pile material type, and the pile slenderness ratios. It is therefore a significant improvement over most conventional design methods recommended in the existing design procedures, which do not consider the influence of the most significant parameters that govern the pile bearing capacity design process.
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Barnwell, Nicholas Valgardson. "Experimental Testing of Shallow Embedded Connections Between Steel Columns and Concrete Footings." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4428.
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Shallow embedded column connections are widely used for columns resisting gravity loads in current design methods. These connections are usually considered “pinned” for structural analysis. In reality these connections fall in between a fixed and a pinned condition. Although methods exist to estimate the stiffness and strength of exposed columns or embedded columns under lateral loads, little research has been done to determine the strength of shallow embedded columns. An experimental study was carried out to investigate the strength of these connections. A total of 12 specimens with varying orientation, embedment depth, and column size were loaded laterally until failure or significant loss in strength. The results showed that shallow embedded connections are 86%-144% stronger in yielding and 32%-64% stronger in ultimate strength than current design methods would predict. This strength comes from a combination of the embedment depth and the resistance from the base plate and anchor rods. A model is proposed to explain the strength of the specimens and to conservatively estimate the strength of specimens with different variables. The specimens also exhibited stiffness ranging from 50%-75% of what would be expected from fully embedded columns.
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Gunupudi, Vandana. "Exploring Trusted Platform Module Capabilities: A Theoretical and Experimental Study." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc6101/.
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Trusted platform modules (TPMs) are hardware modules that are bound to a computer's motherboard, that are being included in many desktops and laptops. Augmenting computers with these hardware modules adds powerful functionality in distributed settings, allowing us to reason about the security of these systems in new ways. In this dissertation, I study the functionality of TPMs from a theoretical as well as an experimental perspective. On the theoretical front, I leverage various features of TPMs to construct applications like random oracles that are impossible to implement in a standard model of computation. Apart from random oracles, I construct a new cryptographic primitive which is basically a non-interactive form of the standard cryptographic primitive of oblivious transfer. I apply this new primitive to secure mobile agent computations, where interaction between various entities is typically required to ensure security. I prove these constructions are secure using standard cryptographic techniques and assumptions. To test the practicability of these constructions and their applications, I performed an experimental study, both on an actual TPM and a software TPM simulator which has been enhanced to make it reflect timings from a real TPM. This allowed me to benchmark the performance of the applications and test the feasibility of the proposed extensions to standard TPMs. My tests also show that these constructions are practical.
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Melnick, Michael Blake. "Experimental study of boundary layer flow over three dimensional arrays of embedded cavities." Thesis, [Tuscaloosa, Ala. : University of Alabama Libraries], 2009. http://purl.lib.ua.edu/66.
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Abdelaal, Reem. "theoretical and experimental analysis of silicon nanocrystallites embedded in an amorphous silicon matrix." Thesis, Abdelaal, Reem (2008) theoretical and experimental analysis of silicon nanocrystallites embedded in an amorphous silicon matrix. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2008. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41592/.
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Silicon is one of the world’s most plentiful elements and has found many uses in the electronics industry. Thin films with silicon nanostructure are promising materials for a wide range of applications such as photovoltaic devices. In this thesis theoretical and experimental studies have been carried out on silicon nanocrystallites embedded in an amorphous tissue. Samples with average crystallite sizes (L) in the range (5nm < L ≤16nm) were deposited using hot wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) technique. The samples were classified according to their Raman line shape and average crystallite sizes as: protocrystalline silicon (pc-Si), nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si) and microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si). Theoretical analysis and experimental techniques have been applied to study the structure of the samples.
The phenomenological phonon confinement (PC) model was applied to the Raman spectra to obtain the average crystallite sizes of all samples. Raman spectroscopy was also used to identify the phases of the materials. A peak fitting procedure was applied to decouple the Raman spectra and obtain the crystalline volume fraction (Xc). Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) was employed to investigate the nanostructure and the morphology of the films. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy was used to measure the effective thickness of the samples.
Treatments and techniques have been applied either to the substrates or the samples as means to control and tailor the properties of the films we deposited and to produce a wider range of sample morphologies and crystallite sizes. These consisted of; grooving substrates by mechanical means, using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) isotropic etching technique and developing an anisotropic alkaline etching technique.
The PC model was used to evaluate the crystallite sizes from the frequency downshift and the peak broadening of the Raman line. To confirm the validity of the model, a comparison was obtained between the modelling prediction and the crystallite sizes as measured from the FESEM images. In this study, the model worked very well in predicting the average crystallite sizes of pc-Si and nc-Si samples. For μc-Si, the experimental data and the theoretical model deviate more evidently.
Grooved substrates possess better crystallization and induce more compact crystal growth than normal substrates. Although, grooving has no significant effect on the crystallite sizes it enhances the coalescence of nanocrystallites and results in larger grain sizes in pc Si and nc-Si samples.
ICP and alkaline etching have been applied, to all types of silicon samples deposited. ICP etching is an isotropic; it etched the three phases of silicon films (i.e., the crystalline grains, the amorphous tissue and the grain boundaries) at the same rate. ICP etching study helped us to predict and draw the nanostructure of the three types of silicon films we are studying. Alkaline solution is a strongly anisotropic etchant. It etched the amorphous tissue at the highest rate and the grain boundaries at a slower rate. Etching the amorphous tissue has enhanced the crystallinity of the silicon samples by increasing the crystalline volume fractions (Xc) while etching the grain boundaries has enhanced the average crystallite sizes.
By applying the PC model and studying the FESEM images of both the grooved and the etched samples, a good agreement was found between the theoretical predictions and the experimental measurements of crystallite sizes.
Theoretical and experimental analyses conducted in this thesis have also clarified the characteristics and the origin of the intermediate phase in pc-Si, nc-Si and μc-Si materials.
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Nursal, Ali Ozgu. "Modular Embedded System Design / Implementation For Mechatronic Education And Research." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608852/index.pdf.
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In this thesis a modular embedded system for Mechatronics education and research is designed and implemented. Four types of control boards are manufactured and related software is developed at board and PC level.
A star like topology is used for boards architecture. One bridge board is responsible for handling communication between the PC and all the other boards that are connected independently to that bridge board. For PC communication Universal Seial Bus (USB), for inter peripheral communication serial peripheral interface (SPI) is used. By the use of USB and SPI, the system becomes scalable and hot pluggable.
All these four boards can be used in stand alone and/or together in different applications. The system coversgeneral analog digital input output, several types of motor control and simple graphical display applications. The firmware and software is developed in a modular, flexible and transparent way allowing users all level accessibility. This way, the application fields and the content of the courses that will be using this system become very versatile. A simulation of hard disk reading experiment is designed and implemented to show the integral capabilities of the system. In this experiment all the boards are utilized and used together. As a result, a system is designed for Mechatronics experiments and research. A modular approach is adopted which is compsed of units that can also work in a stand-alone manner. A software library developed for the PC platform facilitates high-level usage of these cards whereas it is possible to implement custom codes on these boards. To sum up, an affordable, versitale, scalable and transparent system is developed which is specifically tailored for Mechatronics applications.
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Baah-Frempong, Emmanuel. "Experimental and numerical analyses of geosynthetic-reinforced soil slopes." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2019. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2231.
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The application of geosynthetic reinforcements in civil/geotechnical engineering projects (retaining walls, foundations, pavements, dams, slopes, etc.) has gained much popularity during the past few decades due to several benefits, including cost-effectiveness, environmentally friendly and sustainability. A detailed literature review as presented in this thesis has indicated that when a slope is reinforced with the geosynthetic layer(s), it improves the overall stability of the slope with or without loaded footing on the slope crest. However, studies on the performance of strip footings embedded in the slopes are very limited, and, especially for the geosynthetic-reinforced slopes, there is no work when the slope is reinforced with geosynthetic layers with or without wraparound ends. Also, there is no available literature on the design charts for low-height slopes, without footing/surcharge loads on the crest, which are usually constructed for the landscape developments in many countries. Furthermore, the literature has no information on the stability charts for reinforced sand slopes carrying embedded strip footing subjected to loads.
This thesis work is based on the laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. The laboratory model tests were conducted on a sand slope supporting an embedded strip footing (width B = 75 mm ) in a rigid test tank (internal dimensions of 1250 mm × 445 mm in plan and 800 mm in height). The slope was reinforced with a single and multilayer geotextile with and without wraparound ends as different test trials. The model tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of the footing embedment depth D, footing edge distance e , number of geotextile layers N , and wraparound end of geotextile on the behaviour of the embedded footing. The footing was subjected to incremental loads to observe the corresponding stabilised settlements until it failed. The slope angle and relative density of the sand were maintained at constant values, β = 35 and Dr = 70%, respectively, throughout the laboratory experiments. For the case of the single geotextile layer with no wraparound ends, the geotextile was installed at the depth ratio u / B = 0.5 below the base of the footing which was first fixed at the edge distance ratio e / B = 1, while the depth ratio (D/ B)was varied from 0 to 1.5. After that, the footing was maintained at a constant depth ratio D/ B = 1 while the edge distance ratio (e / B) was varied from 0 to 3. In the case of the multilayer geotextile (N = 2, 3) , with no wraparound ends and single layer geotextile with wraparound ends, the top geotextile layer was placed at the depth ratio u / H = 0.5 below the base of the footing and the subsequent layers were positioned at a constant vertical spacing(h) to footing width ratio h / B = 0.5 from the top layer. The footing edge distance ratio was kept constant as e / B = 1 while depth ratio (D/ B) was varied from 0 to 1. The numerical models for the laboratory experiments were developed using the Plaxis 2D, a finite element package. The numerical analysis utilised the Mohr-Coulomb criterion to model the slope soil, the geogrid option to model the geotextile layer(s), the gravity force to simulate the initial stress condition within the slope and prescribed footing load option to simulate the applied footing loads accompanied by iterative analysis until failure occurred. The developed numerical after validation has been used for a detailed parametric study in order develop design charts for the stability of slopes with embedded footing. Additionally, the stability (factor of safety) analysis of a geotextile-reinforced low-height sandy slope, without footing or surcharge loads, was carried out using the limit equilibrium method available in Slope/W package.
The experimental results indicate that the bearing capacity of the footing increases with increasing D/ B , e / B and N . The benefits derived from reinforcing the slope with geotextile layers have been evaluated using a non-dimensional parameter, called the ultimate bearing capacity ratio BCRu , defined as the ratio of ultimate bearing capacity of the reinforced case to that of unreinforced case. In the case of the single layer geotextile without wraparound ends, the maximum value of BCRu ≈ 2.5 − 3 is observed for D/ B = 0 and e / B = 0 , while the minimum value of BCRu ≈1.5 has been obtained for D/ B =1and e / B = 3 . The BCRu for the multilayer geotextile with no wraparound ends improves with an increase in N but reduces with an increase in D/ B . The minimum BCRu , BCRu (min) ≈ 2 , is observed for N =1 and D/ B =1, while the maximum BCRu , BCRu (max) ≈ 6 is attained when the footing is placed at D/ B = 0 and N = 3 . The installation of the single layer geotextile with wraparound ends brings an additional improvement in the bearing capacity of the footing compared to the case of no wraparound ends. The results obtained from the numerical simulations, on the load-settlement analysis of the embedded footing, closely agree with the experimental data, particularly for low settlements.
The results from the numerical slope analysis show that the factor of safety (F) of the unreinforced sandy slope with an embedded footing increases with an increase in the footing edge distance ratio (e / B) , footing depth ratio (D/ B) and soil relative density(Dr ) , but it decreases with an increase in the slope angle (β ) and applied pressure on the footing(q) . For the surface footing (D/ B = 0) , F increases to a critical value at e / B = 3 then remains constant for e / B > 3. Though in the experimental study, only Dr = 70% was used, in the numerical simulations, = 50% r D and = 90% r D have also been considered. The study shows that with respect to increase in Dr , F significantly improves until Dr = 70%; after that, further increase in reduces the rate of increase in F .
For the low-height sandy slopes, placing a single geosynthetic reinforcement layer at the depth ratio u / H = 0.5 in the 40° slope results in a stable slope with a maximum factor of safety Fr (max) = 1.61 , but this depth is not appropriate to stabilize the 50° and 60° slopes. The study shows that three geosynthetic layers are generally not be required as the two-reinforcement layers are adequate to attain the minimum factor of safety as usually recommended in most standards on stability of slopes. This thesis has many graphical presentations, which can be used as the design charts by the practising engineers.
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Kamineni, Surya Bharat. "Experimental Analysis on the Feasibility of Voice Based Symmetric Key Generation for Embedded Devices." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6874.
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In this thesis, we present results of an experimental study in order to generate a secure cryptographic key from the user’s voice which is to be shared between two mobile devices. We identified two security threats related to this problem, discussed the challenges to design the key generation/sharing mechanism, and proposed a new protocol based on bloom filters that overcomes the two main attacks by the intruder. One is when the attacker places its device in the close vicinity of the location where the user attempts to generate/share the key in order to derive the key from eavesdropping on communication messages. The second is when the attacker visually observes the experiment being performed and it tries to replicate the same experiment to reproduce the key. We present several results that demonstrate the practicality of our proposed technique in the context of communications between smart-phone
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Pintard, Ludovic. "From safety analysis to experimental validation by fault injection - Case of automotive embedded systems." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/14459/1/Pintard.pdf.
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Due to the rising complexity of automotive Electric/Electronic embedded systems, Functional Safety becomes a main issue in the automotive industry. This issue has been formalized by the introduction of the ISO 26262 standard for functional safety in 2011. The challenges are, on the one hand to design safe systems based on a systematic verification and validation approach, and on the other hand, the fulfilment of the requirements of the ISO 26262 standard. Following ISO 26262 recommendations, our approach, based on fault injection, aims at verifying fault tolerance mechanisms and non-functional requirements at all steps of the development cycle, from early design phases down to implementation. Fault injection is a verification technique that has been investigated for a long time. However, the role of fault injection during design phase and its complementarities with the experimental validation of the target have not been explored. In this work, we investigate a fault injection continuum, from system design validation to experiments on implemented targets. The proposed approach considers the safety analyses as a starting point, with the identification of safety mechanisms and safety requirements, and goes down to the validation of the implementation of safety mechanisms through fault injection experiments. The whole approach is based on a key fault injection framework, called FARM (Fault, Activation, Readouts and Measures). We show that this approach can be integrated in the development process of the automotive embedded systems described in the ISO 26262 standard. Our approach is illustrated on an automotive case study: a Front-Light system.
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Di, Nicola Federico. "Energy harvesting from piezoelectric devices embedded in a 3D printed wing." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9705/.
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This thesis work has been carried out at Clarkson University in Potsdam NY, USA and involved the design of a low elongation wing, consisting of parts made by polylactide (PLA) using the fused deposition model (FDM) technology of Rapid Prototyping, then assembled together in a thin aluminum spar. The aim of the research is to evaluate the feasibility of collecting electrical energy by converting mechanical energy from the vibration of the wing flutter. With this aim piezoelectric stripes were glued in the inner part of the wing, as well as on the aluminum spar, as monomorphic configuration.
During the phases of the project, particular attention was given to the geometry and the materials used, in order to trigger the flutter for low flow velocity.
The CAD software SolidWorks® was used for the design of the wing and then the drawings were sent to the Clarkson machine shop in order to to produce the parts required by the wing assembly.
FEM simulations were performed, using software MSC NASTRAN/PATRAN®, to evaluate the stiffness of the whole wing as well as the natural vibration modes of the structure. These data, in a first approximation, were used to predict the flutter speed.
Finally, experimental tests in the Clarkson wind tunnel facility were carried out in order to validate the results obtained from FEM analysis. The power collected by the piezoelectrics under flutter condition was addressed by tuning the resistors downstream the electronic circuit of the piezoelectrics.
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Habib, Alexander J. "A Wireless Acquisition and Control System for a High Measurement-Density, Rotating Internal Heat Transfer Experiment." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397661589.
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Hernández, Navarro Lluís. "Theoretical and experimental approaches for the initiation and propagation of activity in spatially embedded neuronal cultures." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/565905.
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Spatial embedding and inherited metric constraints are a fundamental trait of biological neuronal circuits. However their role in shaping connectivity and dynamics has been often disregarded, with models of neuronal networks paying much more attention to the distribution of connections in the quest for understanding network's behavior. In this thesis we aim at filling this gap by studying the importance of metric features in the complex connectivity- dynamics-noise interplay that shapes spontaneous neuronal activity.
This thesis combines experiments in rat dissociated neuronal cultures with theoretical analyses to better comprehend the relevance of spatial embedding. We developed a new theoretical model grounded on Ising Models to assess metric effects in neuronal cultures' behavior, and in the context of percolation approaches. Once metric effects were settled, we illustrated their relevance in shaping spontaneous activity by perturbing the structural connectivity blueprint of neuronal cultures. This was achieved by patterning the substrate where neurons grow, and by using topographical molds that dictated the connectivity of the network. Next, and since the initiation of bursting activity is governed in great manner by a complex amplification mechanism that involves metric correlations and noise, we focused on the metric-driven amplification of spontaneous single-neuron noise to derive an analytical model that predicts the frequency of bursting events in neuronal cultures. We then further investigated in an experimental context the contribution of noise to the observed activity patterns, and by implementing a moderate electrical stimulation protocol that increases the level of activity noise in cultures. Finally, the latter study was completed with experiments regarding the specific role of inhibition in neuronal networks, to provide a wider understanding of the mechanisms that govern the initiation and propagation of activity fronts in cortical cultures.L'objectiu d'aquesta tesis és investigar els mecanismes que generen l'activitat espontània i estimulada en xarxes neuronals, més concretament en cultius corticals dissociats, i fent un especial èmfasi en l’efecte de les correlacions mètriques. En aquest marc, l’activitat col·lectiva consisteix en episodis esporàdics de dispars quasi sincronitzats entre totes les neurones del cultiu, anomenats “esclats de xarxa”. Tres elements principals en determinen les característiques: connectivitat entre neurones, dinàmica intrínseca neuronal, i soroll (activacions neuronals aleatòries). La investigació s’ha centrat en cinc línies de recerca: l’estudi de correlacions mètriques en cultius neuronals; el desenvolupament d’un model teòric per descriure i predir l’esclat de xarxa; l’anàlisi de la propagació dels fronts d’activitat experimentals sota pertorbacions estructurals de la connectivitat del cultiu; l’estudi de l’efecte de la inhibició en la iniciació i propagació dels esclats ‘in vitro’; i l’estudi de la resposta experimental dels cultius sota una estimulació elèctrica moderada de baixa freqüència. En la primera línia de recerca hem comprovat que les correlacions mètriques dominen el comportament dinàmic del cultiu, fins al punt d’emmascarar la contribució de la distribució del nombre de connexions. En la segona línia hem desenvolupat un model analític que prediu semi- quantitativament la freqüència dels esclats observada experimentalment. La tercera línia s’ha centrat en l’efecte de pertorbacions estructurals en la connectivitat; la dinàmica resultant ha mostrat una gran riquesa en patrons d’activitat, esclats de xarxa a diferents escales, i propagació altament específica de cada cultiu. La quarta línia de recerca ha demostrat que les xarxes sense inhibició disminueixen la seva freqüència d’esclat respecte a les xarxes control, que la velocitat de propagació de l’activitat incrementa lleugerament quan s’ha bloquejat la inhibició, i que els punts on s’inicien ens esclats varien respecte als controls. I, finalment, la cinquena línia de recerca ha constatat que l’aplicació d’un camp elèctric feble augmenta el soroll d’activitat de la xarxa, generant un increment en la freqüència dels esclats de xarxa.
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Li, S. "Experimental testing and numerical investigation of materials with embedded systems during indentation and complex loading conditions." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/8981/.
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In this work, parametric FE (Finite Element) modelling has been developed and used to study the deformation of soft materials with different embedded systems under indentation and more complex conditions. The deformation of a soft material with an embedded stiffer layer under cylindrical flat indenter was investigated through FE modelling. A practical approach in modelling embedded system is evaluated and presented. The FE results are correlated with an analytical solution for homogenous materials and results from a mathematical approach for embedded systems in a half space. The influence of auxeticity on the indentation stiffness ratio and the de-formation of the embedded system under different conditions (indenter size, thickness and embedment depth of the embedded layer) was established and key mechanisms of the Poisson’s ratio effect are highlighted. The results show that the auxeticity of the matrix has a direct influence on the indentation stiffness of the system with an embedded layer. The enhancement of indentation resistance due to embedment increases, as the matrix Poisson’s ratio is decreased to zero and to negative values. The indentation stiffness could be increased by over 30% with a thin inextensible shell on top of a negative Poisson’s ratio matrix. The deformation of the embedded layer is found to be significantly influenced by the auxeticity of the matrix. Selected case studies show that the modelling approach developed is effective in simulating piezoelectrical sensors, and force sensitive resistor, as well as investigating the deformation and embedded auxetic meshes. A full scale parametric FE foot model is developed to simulate the deformation of the human foot under different conditions including soles with embedded shells and negative Poisson’s ratio. The models used a full bone structure and effective embedded structure method to increase the modelling efficiency. A hexahedral dominated meshing scheme was applied on the surface of the foot bones and skin. An explicit solver (Abaqus/Explicit) was used to simulate the transient landing process. Navicular drop tests have been performed and the displacement of the Navicular bone is measured using a 3D image analysing system. The experimental results show a good agreement with the numerical models and published data. The detailed deformation of the Navicular bone and factors affecting the Navicular bone displacement and measurement is discussed. The stress level and rate of stress increase in the Metatarsals and the injury risk in the foot between forefoot strike (FS) and rearfoot (RS) is evaluated and discussed. A detailed full parametric FE foot model is developed and validated. The deformation and internal energy of the foot and stresses in the metatarsals are comparatively investigated. The results for forefoot strike tests showed an overall higher average stress level in the metatarsals during the entire landing cycle than that for rearfoot strike. The increased rate of the metatarsal stress from the 0.5 body weight (BW) to 2 BW load point is 30.76% for forefoot strike and 21.39% for rearfoot strike. The maximum rate of stress increase among the five metatarsals is observed on the 1st metatarsal in both landing modes. The results indicate that high stress level during forefoot landing phase may increase potential of metatarsal injuries. The FE was used to evaluate the effect of embedded shell and auxetic materials on the foot-shoe sole interaction influencing both the contact area and the pressure. The work suggests that application of the auxetic matrix with embedded shell can reinforce the indentation resistance without changing the elastic modulus of the material which can optimise the wearing experience as well as providing enough support for wearers. . Potential approaches of using auxetic structures and randomly distributed 2D inclusion embedded in a soft matrix for footwear application is discussed. The design and modelling of foot prosthetic, which resembles the human foot structure with a rigid structure embedded in soft matrix is also presented and discussed.
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Bakhshandeh, Mohammad. "Macro Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Concrete: Effect Of Fiber Embedded Length On Interface Properties." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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Summary of the Thesis
This thesis concerns the study of the Macro-Synthetic Fiber, with the main objective of analyzing the effect of fiber embedded length on interface bond properties regard to different concrete mix design parameters. In particular the effect of different fiber embedded length, Water-Cement ratio (W/C), Cement-Sand ratio (C/S) and Cement strength on interfacial bond properties will be studied.
The research is carried on by means of experimental direct pull-out tests on crimped macro-synthetic fibers embedded for two different lengths in a cementitious matrix characterized by different mix design. The experimental program employed is a part of a bigger experimental campaign on macro fiber reinforced concrete behavior which is under investigation at the University of Bologna.
This experimental campaign was done to contribute the overall understanding of the fiber reinforced concrete, with the main goal of the calibration of a constitutive debonding law through numerical model and codification of fiber reinforced concrete in future, which is discussed in details in 5 Chapters in this study.
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Persson, Martin. "Evaluating Unison's Speedup Estimation : An experimental study of the estimated speedup of code generated by Unison for the Hexagon DSP." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210647.
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Unison is a code generator integrated into the LLVM compilation chain which solves the problem of instruction scheduling and register allocation in conjunction as a constraint optimization problem, producing possibly optimal code. The solution from LLVM of the very same problem acts as a baseline for the code generated by Unison, and along with an improved version of the code is an estimation of the speedup compared to the baseline given by Unison.This thesis investigates the accuracy of this estimation for the Hexagon v4 DSP by executing the code produced by LLVM and Unison on a simulation platform. The results show that the estimations is not accurate, but there is a strong correlation between the given estimation and the observed speedup. The main reason for inaccuracy is hardware stalls of which the code produced by Unison suffers more of compared to the code produced by LLVM.Unison är en kodgenerator integrerad i LLVMs kompileringskedja som löser problemen med instruktionsschemaläggning och registerallokering tillsammans som ett optimeringsproblem, vilket möjligen resulterar i optimal kod. Lösningen av LLVM för samma problem agerar måttstock för koden som Unison genererar, och tillsammans med en förbättrad version av koden ger Unison ifrån sig en uppskattning om hur mycket snabbare dess kod är.Den här avhandligen undersöker precisionen för denna uppskattning för Hexagon v4 DSP genom exekvering av kod producerad av LLVM och Unison på en simuleringsplattform. Resultaten visar att upskattningen är oriktig, men att det är en stark korrelation mellan en given uppskattning och observerad förbättring. Den största orsaken till felaktigheter i uppskattningen beror på uppehåll i hårdvaran, vilket kod från Unison lider mer av jämfört med kod från LLVM.
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André, Mikael, and Hannes Paulsson. "Design of microcontroller circuit and measurement software for SiC and MOREBAC experiment." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188836.
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This paper describes the development of an experiment to test the characteristics and functionality of Silicon Carbide (SiC) components in a space environment. The experiment is a part the "Miniature Student Satellite" (MIST) project, and the "Work on Venus" project, both situated at KTH, Stockholm, Sweden The paper primarily covers the development and implementation of the experiments microcontroller and its software, whilst the construction and development of the test circuit for the transistors is carried out at the same time by another team, and therefore described in a separate paper. A microcontroller is selected for this experiment after consideration is taken to both the Low Earth Orbit environment where the experiment will take place, end the power consumption restrictions due to the limited amount of power available at the satellite itself. The software on the microcontroller is then developed to read temperature and voltage input from the different transistors under test, and transform the input data to a readable format sent to the satellites On Board Computer, which can then communicate the readings to the Earth Base Station. Apart from the software of the SiC experiment, a similar software solution on a similar microcontroller is developed for another experiment called MOREBAC, which will be placed on the same satellite. The main difference between the MOREBAC project and SiC in Space will be the type of data read on the input, the number of inputs and the format of the package sent to the On Board Computer. The final stage of the work for this thesis is the design and construction of a Printed Circuit Board. The board contains the microcontroller and connected components, the transistors to be tested, as well as power supplying components, covered in yet another thesis work.Den här rapporten beskriver utvecklingen av ett experiment vars uppgift är att testa karaktäristiken och funktionaliteten hos Kiselkarbid(SiC)-komponenter i rymden. Experimentet, som går under namnet SiC in Space, är en del av "Minitature Student Satellite"-projektet (MIST), samt projektet "Working on Venus", vilka båda utförs på KTH, Stockholm, Sverige. Rapporten avhandlar huvudsakligen utvecklingen och implementationen av experimentets mikrokontroller samt den tillhörande mjukvaran, samtidigt som testkretsen för den transistor som undersökts utvecklades i ett annat projekt, och är således avhandlat i en annan rapport. En mikrokontroller valdes ut för projektet baserat både klimatet i "Low Earth Orbit" där satelliten kommer att befinna sig, samt de krav som ställdes på strömförbrukningen baserat på den begränsade strömförsörjningen på själva satelliten. Mjukvaran på mikrokontrollern utvecklades sedan för att avläsa temperaturvärden och spänningsnivåer vid testpunkter på transistorerna, för att sedan översätta denna data till ett läsbart format samt skicka den till satellitens omborddator, som i sin tur kan skicka datan till basstationen på jorden. Utöver den mjukvara som utvecklats till SiC in Space, utvecklades även en liknande lösning för ett annat experiment på satelliten, kallat MOREBAC. Den huvudsakliga skillnaden mellan de två mjukvarulösningarna är att de testpunkter som ska läsas av på MOREBAC skiljer sig både i antal och i utförande från de testpunkter som ska läsas på SiC in Space, samt det datapaket som sedan skickas till omborddatorn. Det slutgiltiga steget under detta projekt var sedan att designa och konstruera ett kretskort (PCB). Kretskortet innehåller både den mikrokontroller som avhandlas i denna rapport, transistorerna som ska testas, samt en strömförsörjningslösning som utvecklats i ytterligare ett parallellt projekt.
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Wälivaara, Jesper. "Wireless Sensor And Actuator Nodes For A Process Control Experiment." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-67824.
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This report details the work which has been done to redesign an older process control lab setup, in order for it to become fully modular and wirelessly controllable.The process control lab setup of interest was the quadruple water tank process. Asa proof of concept, a single prototype tank module of the quadruple tank setup wasto be redesigned, where this new design would use entirely modular and wirelesslycontrollable sensors and actuators. The design of these wireless devices was donefrom scratch, the end result was that a set of micro-controller based devices whichcommunicate over Xbee radios were manufactured. Control of this wireless tanksystem was achieved through a custom Simulink interface, said interface was alsocreated during this project. The finalized tank prototype system worked as intendedand it fulfilled all of the relevant system requirements regarding the sensor and actuator network design. There was originally a mechanical design component in thisproject which had to be left after the initial research stages due to time constraints,which concerned the construction of a new tank system. This prototype system wasa proof of concept, which proved the feasibility of building larger scale wirelesslycontrollable process control systems, such as the quadruple water tank process.
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Derlaga, Joseph Michael. "An Experimental Study of Longitudinally Embedded Vortices in a Turbulent Boundary Layer via the Non-Invasive Comprehensive LDV Technique." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32776.
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This report documents the measurements of turbulence quantities resulting from vortices embedded in a zero pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer. Turbulent boundary layers are found in most flow regimes over large scale vehicles and have been studied for many years. Various systems to control separation of boundary layers have been proposed, but vortex generators have proven to be an economical choice as they are often used to fix deficiencies in a flow field after large scale production of a vehicle has commenced. In order to better understand the interaction between vortex generators and the boundary layer in which they are embedded, an experiment has been performed using through non-invasive Comprehensive Laser Doppler Velocimeter.
The results show that normalization on edge velocity is appropriate for comparison with previous work. The 1/S parameter and vq^2 parameter were found to be most appropriate to correlate the Reynolds stresses and triple products, respectively. The higher inflow edge velocity and greater momentum thickness, creating a lower vortex generator to boundary layer height ratio, result in a more diffuse vortex as compared to previous work conducted in the same wind tunnel, with the same geometry, but with different inflow conditions.Master of Science
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Matsuno, Junya. "On the origin and formation process of glass with embedded metal and sulfides (GEMS) inferred from 3D observation and reproduction experiment." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199114.
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Cheng, Michael Fong. "Experimental Study and Modeling of the GM-I Dependence of Long-Channel Mosfets." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2019. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1965.
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This thesis describes an experimental study and modeling of the current-transconductance dependence of the ALD1106, ALD1107, and CD4007 arrays. The study tests the hypothesis that the I-gm dependence of these 7.8 µm to 10 µm MOSFETs conforms to the Advanced Compact Model (ACM). Results from performed measurements, however, do not support this expectation. Despite the relatively large length, both ALD1106 and ALD1107 show sufficiently pronounced ‘short-channel’ effects to render the ACM inadequate. As a byproduct of this effort, we confirmed the modified ACM equation. With an m factor of approximately 0.6, it captures the I-gm dependence with sub-28% maximum error and sub-10% average error. The paper also introduces several formulas and procedures for I-gm model extraction and tuning. These are not specific to the ALD transistor family and can apply to MOSFETs with different physical size and electrical performance.
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Simon, Jessy. "Numerical simulation and experimental investigation of the forming of tailored fibre placement preforms : a mixed embedded-ALE finite element formulation." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ECDN0024.
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La technologie Tailored Fibre Placement (TFP) permet de fabriquer des préformes fibreuses planes à orientation et épaisseur continûment variables. L’hybridation du TFP et du formage est une solution attractive pour produire des pièces composites 3D optimisées. Au cours du formage de pièces complexes, les changements de trajectoires curvilignes des fibres sont inévitables. La prédiction de l’état final de la préforme TFP est nécessaire pour utiliser pleinement le potentiel de cette solution hybride dans le monde industriel.Une première approche de modélisation est proposée pour simuler le formage de préformes TFP. Deux modèles semi-discrets basés sur des éléments finis embarqués sont développés pour représenter des préformes avec et sans matériau support. Dans ces deux modèles, les mèches de fibres sont représentées explicitement avec des éléments finis de poutre et le glissement entre les constituants de la préforme est d’abord négligé. La validation du modèle sans matériau support est réalisée au travers du formage sur des poinçons hémisphérique et tétraédrique avec obtention d’orientations orthotropes. Finalement, une formulation mixte d’éléments embarqués ALE (Lagrangienne-Eulérienne Arbitraire) est proposée pour introduire le glissement des mèches sans modifier les ingrédients initiaux des modèles. Une étude paramétrique expérimentale d’extraction de mèches est menée pour caractériser le comportement en friction à implémenter dans les modèles. La validation de cette stratégie de modélisation pour le TFP est réalisée et son extension pour le renforcement local des textiles conventionnels est abordéeTailored Fibre Placement (TFP) allows manufacturing flat, net shape fibrous reinforcements with continuously varying orientation and thickness. The hybridisation of TFP and forming is an attractive solution to manufacture mechanically optimized 3D shelllike composite parts. During the forming of complex parts, inevitable fibre path changes occur in the TFP preform. Prediction of the final state of TFP preforms is required to take full advantage of this hybrid solution in the industry.A first numerical modelling strategy is proposed to address the forming of flat TFP preforms. Two semi-discrete models based on an embedded formulation are developed to offer the possibility of removing or keeping the backing material. Both finite element models use an explicit discretisation of the fibre tows using beam elements and assumes no slippage between the preform constituents. Full-scale validations of the model without backing material are successfully addressed by forming hemispherical and tetrahedral parts with final orthotropic orientations. Finally, a mixed embedded element-ALE (Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian) formulation is proposed to introduce fibre slippage into the models without modifying their initial ingredients. A parametric study of pull-out experiments is performed to characterize the friction behaviour to be implemented in the models. Numerical validations for TFP preforms and an extension to model fibre slippage in conventional textiles are proposed
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Scardera, Giuseppe ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Silicon Photovoltaics & Photonics Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Correlating structural and optical properties of silicon nanocrystals embedded in silicon nitride: An experimental study of quantum confinement for photovoltaic applications." Publisher:University of New South Wales. ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Silicon Photovoltaics & Photonics, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41472.
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Silicon nanocrystals embedded in silicon nitride have received attention as promising materials for optoelectronic applications. More specifically, band gap engineering of novel materials based on silicon nanocrystals has been proposed for possible application in an all-silicon tandem solar cell within the field of `third generation' photovoltaics. Such an application would require nanocrystals to exhibit quantum confinement whereby the optical and electrical properties of a film could be tuned by controlling the size of these `quantum dots'. This thesis investigates the correlation between the structural and optical properties of silicon nanocrystals grown in silicon nitride multilayer structures via solid phase crystallisation, as part of an experimental investigation into quantum confinement. A study of the relevant processing parameters for the solid phase crystallization of silicon nanocrystals in amorphous silicon nitride is presented and the effectiveness of the multilayer approach for controlling nanocrystal size is demonstrated. Structural characterisation using transmission electron microscopy and glancing incidence x-ray diffraction is complemented with a new application of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the detection of silicon nanocrystals. A case study on the effects of annealing temperature on the photoluminescence from silicon nitride multilayers is presented. While a clear correlation between the structural, molecular and optical properties is demonstrated, evidence of quantum confinement remains ambiguous. The investigation into the limits of parameter space for the formation of silicon nanocrystals in silicon nitride multilayers also leads to the formation of a novel Si-Si3N4 nanocomposite material. A comprehensive study of the photoluminescence from silicon nanocrystals embedded in nitride is presented in the context of homogeneous and multilayer nitride films. Size dependent PL and absorption is demonstrated for silicon nitride multilayers with silicon-rich silicon nitride layer thicknesses varying from 1 to 4.5 nm, indicating the formation of quantum wells. These same structures are annealed to form arrays of silicon nanocrystals. Although the PL and absorption spectra suggest quantum effects, inherent ambiguities remain. The findings in this thesis provide greater insight into the nature of confinement and indicate the need for further research if the successful implementation of these structures into an all silicon tandem cell is to be achieved.
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Riccardi, Francesco. "Experimental and numerical investigation of the interaction between concrete and FRP reinforcement anchorages." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST065.
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Des opérations de renforcement ou réparation sont souvent nécessaires pour garantir l’intégrité des structures en Béton Armé (BA) vis-à-vis du risque sismique. Dans ce cadre, le Polymère Renforcé de Fibres (PRF) stratifié au contact a démontré son efficacité pour améliorer le comportement en flexion des éléments de structures tant en termes de résistance que de ductilité. Afin d’en améliorer la liaison en proximité des jonctions, les ancrages noyés dans le béton représentent une solution avantageuse en termes de performances et de facilité de mise en place. Néanmoins, leur comportement mécanique est fréquemment associé à des mécanismes locaux de déformation qui peuvent affecter la réponse globale de la structure. Un nouveau montage expérimental a été donc conçu pour réaliser des essais de flexion in-situ sur des poutres renforcées de petite échelle avec l’utilisation de la tomographie 3D et étudier l’interaction entre le béton et les ancrages. L’objectif principal est de suivre grâce à la Corrélation d’Images Volumiques (CIV) l’évolution de la dégradation du matériau pendant le chargement et de reconstruire la cinématique de la zone renforcée. D’un point de vue numérique, un modèle éléments finis enrichis inspiré par la Méthode des Discontinuités Fortes (SDA) a été développé dans le but d’améliorer la représentation de l’interface. De cette façon, des comportements mécaniques complexes comme les phénomènes d’arrachement peuvent être facilement reproduits, en limitant en même temps le coût de calcul. La calibration du comportement d’interface est faite enfin grâce aux résultats des essais in-situ qui permettent de valider le modèle dans le cas de problèmes non-linéairesStrengthening and retrofitting techniques are often required for guaranteeing the integrity of Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures to prevent seismic risk. In such a framework, Externally Bonded (EB) FRP strengthening systems have proven their effectiveness in enhancing the flexural performances of structural members both in terms of bearing capacity and ductility. In order to improve the bond in the vicinity of RC joints, embedded anchors represent an attractive solution in terms of both performances and ease of installation. Nevertheless, their mechanical behaviour is often associated with localised deformation mechanisms that can strongly affect the overall structural response. A novel experimental apparatus has therefore been designed in order to carry out in-situ bending tests on small-scale strengthened beams in conjunction with 3D tomography and study the interaction between concrete and anchors. The main goal is to track the evolution of material degradation over the entire loading history by means of Digital Volume Correlation (DVC) and to reconstruct the kinematics of the strengthened region. From a numerical point of view, an enriched finite element model inspired by the Strong Discontinuity Approach (SDA) has been developed with the aim of improving the interface representation. By means of a kinematic enrichment, this strategy allows, on the one hand, to account for complex mechanical behaviours such as pull-out deformation modes and debonding mechanisms, on the other hand, to limit the computational effort. The calibration of the interfacial behaviour is then realised by means of the in-situ experimental results which allow to validate the model in the case of non-linear problems
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McHugh, Garrett R. "An Experimental Investigation in the Mitigation of Flutter Oscillation Using Shape Memory Alloys." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1479119992818089.
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Prado, Camila Oliveira do. "Padronização de uma Reação em Cadeia pela Polimerase (PCR) para detecção do herpesvírus equino tipo 1 em tecidos incluídos em parafina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-04092012-152506/.
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O Herpesvírus equino tipo -1 (EHV-1) pertence ao gênero Varicellovírus da subfamília Alphaherpesvirinae pertencente à Família Herpesviridae. É um vírus envelopado, de DNA linear fita dupla, composto por 76 genes distintos. O EHV-1 é responsável por grandes prejuízos econômicos na equinocultura mundial. Responsável por doença neonatal fatal, mieloencefalopatia, rinopneumonite e abortamento, encontra-se amplamente distribuído pela população equina do território nacional. O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de padronizar uma reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR) para detecção do EHV-1 em tecidos incluídos em parafina a fim de permitir estudos retrospectivos em arquivos de amostras histopatológicas. Assim, foram inoculados experimentalmente 12 camundongos com 21 dias de idade da linhagem CH3/Rockfeller com três diferentes isolados de EHV-1, dois provenientes da Argentina e um do Brasil. Esses animais foram observados por quatro dias e, após sacrifício por sobre dose de uma associação de ketamina e xilazina, foram submetidos à necropsia e colhidos o pulmão e sistema nervoso central (SNC). Os órgãos colhidos foram divididos em duas partes aproximadamente iguais: uma mantida a -20ºC até processamento e a outra fixada em formalina 10% tamponada e posteriormente incluída em parafina. A extração foi realizada com nove fragmentos contínuos de 4µm cada, a partir do protocolo de extração com proteinase K/ fenol/ clorofórmio. Foi realizada avaliação da sensibilidade analítica da PCR com oito diluições na base 10 para os três isolados utilizados. A amplificação do DNA viral foi realizada utilizando primers direcionados para a ORF64. A fim de descartar a eventual presença de inibidores da reação de PCR e assegurar a adequada extração de DNA, foram incluídos primers direcionados para o gene da beta-actina. A PCR mostrou-se capaz de amplificar DNA viral alvo numa diluição de até 10-5, sendo positiva entre 10-1 a 10-2 DICT50/25µL. Com a PCR padronizada, foi possível detectar o DNA do EHV-1 em: a) 100% (12/12) das amostras de pulmão congeladas e 100% (12/12) das amostras de pulmão incluídas em parafina; b) em 91% (11/12) das amostras de SNC congeladas e 41% (5/12) das amostras de SNC incluídas em parafina. A aplicação da PCR padronizada em uma coleção de amostras incluídas em parafina do Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica do IB/SP, colhidas de cinco casos de abortamento em equinos, revelou que o DNA do EHV-1 foi detectado em: a) um caso em que originalmente foi possível isolar o EHV-1; b) em 4/4 amostras que revelaram-se originalmente negativas. Com base nos resultados obtidos, foi possível concluir que a PCR padronizada teve bom desempenho na detecção de DNA viral em amostras incluídas em parafina de animais experimentalmente infectados e, provavelmente, uma sensibilidade diagnóstica mais elevada que os métodos utilizados para o diagnóstico do EHV-1 na coleção de amostras de equino testada.The equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) belongs to Varicellovírus genus, Alphaherpesvirinae subfamíly of the Herpesviridae Famíly. It is an enveloped virus, double stranded linear DNA, composed of 76 distinct genes. The EHV-1 is responsible for great losses in horsebread world. Responsible for neonatal death, mieloencephalopaty, rinopneumonite and abortion, it is widely distributed into brasilian equine population. The purpose of this study was to standardize a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for EHV-1detection in paraffin- embedded tissues allowing retrospective studies based on the collection histopatological samples. Thus, 12 mice (CH3/Rockfeller) with 21 days of age were inoculated with 3 different isolates of EHV-1, 2 from Argentina and one from Brazil. These mice were observed for 4 days and, after sacrifice by overdose of a combination of ketamine and xylazina, it were subjected to necropsy and collected the lung and central nervous system (SNC). The collected tissues were divided into 2 approximately equal parts: 1one stored at -20ºC until processing, and another set at 10% buffering formalin and later paraffin-embedded. The extraction was performed with continuous 9 fragments of 4µm each, using the extration protocol with proteinase K/ fenol/ clorofórmio. The assessment of analytical sensitivity of PCR were determined using 8 dilutions for all 3 virus isolates. The viral DNA amplification was performed using primers targeted to ORF64. In order to rule out the possible presence of PCR inhibitors and to ensure adequate extraction of DNA, primers directed to the gene for beta-actin were included It was possible to amplify viral DNA until 10-5 dilution, corresponding to 10-1 to 10-2 DICT50/25µL. With the standardized PCR, it was possible to detect the EHV-1 DNA in: a) 100% (12/12) of lung frozen sample and 100% (12/12) of the paraffin-embedded lung; b) 91% (11/12) of the frozen CNS and 41% (5/12) CNS paraffin-embedded. Moreover, the standardized PCR was tested in a collection of paraffin-embedded specimens from Pathological Anatomy Laboratory od Biological Institute Sao Paulo State, taken 5 cases of the abortion in horses. It were possible to detect EHV-1 DNA in: a) 1 sample from a case in that originally was possible to isolate the EHV-1, b) 4/4 sample originally negative diagnosed. Based on these results, it is possible to conclude that the standardized PCR performed well for detection viral DNA in paraffin-embedded tissues of experimentally infected animals, and probably a higher diagnostic sensitivity than the methods used for diagnosis of EHV-1 in the collection samples tissues tested for equine.
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Amorim, Mauricio Jose. "Desenvolvimento de bancada didatico-experimental de baixo custo para aplicações em controle ativo de vibrações." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264102.
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Orientador: Euripedes Guilherme de Oliveira NobregaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta uma bancada didática destinada ao ensino nos cursos de engenharia de aplicações em projetos de controle, processamento digital de sinais e programação em tempo real. Bancadas didáticas são ferramentas indispensáveis ao ensino, considerando que os conceitos vistos apenas em sala de aula são muitas vezes abstratos. A bancada em questão foi desenvolvida partindo de projeto mecânico já existente, tendo sido colocados na estrutura sensores extensométricos para obter a resposta do sistema como deformação e projetado o circuito condicionador do sinal para essa resposta. Para a prirneira fase, envolvendo identificação, controle da estrutura e análise dos resultados, foram projetados dois acionadores para os motores que aplicam o distúrbio e o esforço de controle sobre a planta. Após terem sido satisfeitas as etapas da primeira fase, o próximo passo foi transferir o sistema de controle para uma configuração embarcada utilizando um microcontrolador. Para tanto, algumas adaptações e novos projetos emergiram diante da mudança do ambiente de processamento. A necessidade de adaptar os sinais para a nova placa de aquisição exigiu mudança em alguns circuitos. o acionador de motor para uma saída de controle modulada em largura de pulso foi desenvolvido utilizando componentes discretos. Além disso, é detalhadamente abordada a programação em tempo real do sistema de controle em questão
Abstract: This work presents the design of a didactic tesbed intended to teaching control system design, digital processing of signals and real-time programming. Didactic tesbeds are very vaIuabIe tools when applying concepts developed inside the classroom. The testbed developed here is built upon a previous mechanical design. Strain gages were used as measuring devices using a conditioning circuit. FirstIy, system identification, structural control and analysis of the results were proceeded, two motor drives were designed to operate motors performing both disturbance and control inputs. Afterwards, the control system was redesigned to operate using a micracontraller unit in a embedded architeture. Some adaptations on the circuits were needed and are covered here. A DC motor circuit driver using PWM signal was developed using discrete components. Besides, real-time programming of the control system is covered in detail
Mestrado
Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Carneiro, Gabriela Pereira. "Arquitetura interativa: contextos, fundamentos e design." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16134/tde-30062014-095124/.
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Este trabalho trata da relação entre arquitetura e tecnologia digital, a partir da constatação de que a capacidade de processamento digital de informações está se espalhando não apenas pela adoção e uso de aparatos computacionais pelas pessoas, mas também por meio de sua inserção em objetos e lugares. Neste contexto, fornece bases para o entendimento e o design da arquitetura interativa, um tipo de espaço físico que pressupõe a implementação de interações viabilizadas por processadores de informação digital. Para tal, o trabalho é dividido em três partes: contexto, fundamentos e design. Na primeira, fornece chaves de leitura para o entendimento de instâncias com as quais a arquitetura interativa dialoga, colocando-a, não como uma consequência do desenvolvimento tecnológico e, sim, parte de um contexto maior, complexo e conectado. Especificamente, aborda a interrelação entre os contextos ideológico, tecnológico e sócioespacial. Na segunda parte, explora a arquitetura interativa enquanto consequência da incorporação da tecnologia no produto arquitetônico, para depois analisar aspectos que conferem coerência a ela enquanto uma forma particular de intervenção e de manifestação. A terceira parte aborda as principais questões motivadoras desta pesquisa, a saber: o design da arquitetura interativa e as contribuições que o design de interação pode fornecer a esse tipo de prática. Por fim, são esboçados parâmetros -- elementos conceituais passíveis de serem manipulados -- para guiar o design da arquitetura interativa. Entre outras utilidades, a função desses parâmetros é ampliar o vocabulário e os modos de trabalho da arquitetura como um todo. No geral, a aproximação realizada foi um meio de explorar e entender um pouco mais o mundo tecnológico que vivemos. Assim, a motivação de entender o que é necessário para projetar a arquitetura interativa, ou seja, para incluir a tecnologia em seu produto, pressupõe discussões que alargam o campo da arquitetura. Inclui nele, a possibilidade e necessidade de que arquitetos atuem, além de consumidores dessa tecnologia, como protagonistas ativos em sua conformação.This work delas with the relation between architecture and technology, from the observation that, the potential of digital information processing is spreading, not only through the adoption and use of computing devices by people, but also, their addition on objects and places. Within this context, this study provides basis for the understanding and design of interactive architecture, a type of physical space that compels the implementation of interactions, enabled by digital information processors. To achieve this, the work is divided into three parts: context, fundamentals and design. At the first part, Reading keys to understand instances with which the interactive architecture dialogues are provided. This type of spaces is understood, not as a consequence of technological development, but as part of a bigger, complex and connected context. Specifically, it adresses the interrelation between the ideological, technological and socio--spatial contexts. The second part, explores the topic of interactive architecture, as a result of technology introduction into the architectural product, and then, analyzes some aspects that give coherence to it as a specific form of intervention and expression. The third part, adresses the main issues that motivated this research, namely the design process of interactive architecture and the contributions that interaction design can provide this type of practice. Finally, nine parameters -- conceptual elements capable of being manipulated -- are outlined to guide the design of interactive architecture. Among other uses, the function of these parameters is to expand the vocabular and methods of architecture practice as a whole. Overall, the approach adopted is a means to explore and understand more about the technological world we live. The motivation to understand what is required to design the interactive architecture, that is, to include the technology in the final product, presupposes discussions that broaden the architectural field. It includes within it, the possibility and need for architects to act, beyond consumers of this technology, as active protagonists in their conformation.
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Kalmbach-Özdem, Monika. "Neurostimulations-Kultur." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18804.
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Die Medizintechnik Tiefe-Hirnstimulation ist nicht nur als naturwissenschaftlich-technisches Produkt zu sehen, sondern vor allem auch als kultur-technische Leistung mit historischen Wurzeln. Dieserart Schnittstellenhandlungen nehmen einen festen Platz in der Medizingeschichte ein und sind nicht losgelöst von dieser zu bestimmen. Ein- und zugreifende Praktiken wie Trepanationen und Schädelkulte sind vielfältig verankert und offenbaren einen menschheitsalten Wunsch nach Einflussnahme und Bemächtigung. Hierüber lässt sich der Mensch als verknüpf-, einstell- und gestaltbare Entität im Rahmen 'eutoper' Welt- und Technikbilder sowie deterministischer Menschenbilder darstellen. Mit der Integration aktiver, technischer Elemente in den menschlichen Körper verschieben wir die Grenzverläufe zwischen biologischen und artifiziellen Entitäten. Sowohl die Hardware-Software-Relationen als auch die Körper-Geist-Relationen unterliegen dabei Verknüpfungs- und Gestaltungsprozessen. Aus der Interaktion zwischen menschlichen und nicht-menschlichen Handlungsteilnehmern resultieren neuartige Wechselbeziehungen, welche unter Zuhilfenahme der Embodiment- und Embedded-Theorie nachgezeichnet werden. Den schwerwiegenden Aus- und Nebenwirkungen dieser Interkation wird mit einem empirischen Fallbeispiel nahegekommen. Dass diese Entwicklung hin zu einer konfigurierenden Gestaltungskultur risikobehaftet ist, wird unter Zuhilfenahme des Terminus 'Experimentalsystem' dargelegt. Dabei ist festzuhalten, dass die Tiefe-Hirnstimulation nicht trotz sondern wegen experimenteller Faktoren erfolgreich und faszinierend ist. Neurostimulationen in erster Linie als Konzept zu begreifen bedeutet, den Fokus auf kulturelle Anschichten und Handlungen zu lenken. In welchem Ausmaß wir zu ein- und zugreifenden Gestaltungen unserer Selbst bereit sind, hängt in letzter Konsequenz an unserem menschlichen Selbstverständnis.Medical technology deep brain stimulation is not only a scientific and technical product, but also a cultural and technical achievement with historical roots. This kind of interface actions occupy a firm place in medical history and cannot be determined separately from it. Interfering practices such as trepanations and cults of the skull are rooted in many different ways and reveal an ancient human desire for influence and empowerment. In this way, man can be represented as a connectable, adjustable and configurable entity within the framework of 'eutoper' world and technology images as well as deterministic human images. By integrating active technical elements into the human body, we are shifting the boundaries between biological and artificial entities. Both the hardware-software-relations as well as the body-spirit-relations are subject to connection and design processes. The interaction between human and non-human action participants results in novel interrelationships, which are traced with the aid of the Embodiment and Embedded Theory. The serious side effects of this interaction are approached with an empirical case study. The fact that this development towards a configuring design culture entails risk is explained with the help of the term 'experimental system'. It should be noted that deep brain stimulation is successful and fascinating not despite but because of experimental factors. Understanding neurostimulation primarily as a concept means focusing on cultural strata and actions. The extent to which we are prepared to embrace and intervene in shaping ourselves depends ultimately on our human self-conception.
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Jannoun, Mayssam. "Fiabilité des structures en vibrations aléatoires : application aux systèmes mécatroniques embarqués." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMIR06.
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Les vibrations aléatoires sont les sollicitations les plus représentatives à celles qui se trouvent dans l'environnement réel. Elles sont souvent rencontrées dans l'environnement de fonctionnement automobile, aéronautique, spatial, ferroviaire et d'autres. La particularité des vibrations aléatoires est l'utilisation de son analyse par fatigue. Grâce aux propriétés statistiques des signaux aléatoires que les méthodes spectrales permettent d'estimer la moyenne du dommage d'une façon efficace et économique mais avec certaines limitations. Une étude numérique sur un système électronique embarqué accompagnée des essais expérimentaux ont été mis en place dans cette thèse pour présenter une démarche complète d'une analyse spectrale des vibrations aléatoires. Une modélisation par éléments finis a été réalisée ainsi qu'une technique du 'zoom structural' en analyse spectrale des vibrations aléatoires a été proposée dans ce travail avec la présentation des équations de cette technique. Une application numérique a montré la validité de la technique proposée en appliquant une étude de l'endommagement par fatigue par l'approche temporelle et par l'approche spectrale. Les résultats numériques de cette application mènent à une estimation d'un temps à l'initiation de la fissure très proche du temps de défaillance observé dans les résultats des essais expérimentaux. Cette technique montre la performance et l'efficacité des méthodes spectrales dans l'estimation du dommage par fatigue aléatoire. Une étude de l'optimisation d'un système soumis aux sollicitations aléatoires a été développée. L'objectif de cette étude est de rechercher la conception optimale du système soumis aux vibrations aléatoires en posant des limitations sur le dommage qui en résulte. Ce dommage estimé par les méthodes spectrales de Dirlik et de Single Moment ne doit pas dépasser un dommage cible pour assurer la fiabilité du système étudiéRandom vibrations are the most representative excitations that can be found in the real environment. They are often encountered in the automotive, aeronautical, space, railway and other operating environments. The special feature of the random vibrations is their important role in damage fatigue analysis. The spectral methods allow to estimate efficiently and economically the mean of the damage using the statistical properties of the random signals. A numerical study on an embedded electronic system with experimental tests was set up in this thesis to present a complete spectral analysis of random vibrations methodology. A finite element model was performed as well as submodelling technique in spectral analysis of random vibrations with associated equations was proposed in this work. A numerical application has shown the validity of the proposed technique by applying the fatigue damage study using the time-domain approach and the spectral approach. The numerical results of this application lead to the estimation of a crack initiation time very close to the failure time observed in the experimental tests. This technique shows the performance and efficiency of spectral methods in the estimation of random fatigue damage. The optimization of a system subjected to random excitations has been developed in this work. The objective of this study is to retrieve the optimal design of the system subjected to random vibrations with limitations on the resulting damage. This damage estimated by Dirlik and Single Moment spectral methods must not exceed defined target damage in order to insure the reliability of the studied system
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Xue, Ying-Jiunn, and 薛穎駿. "Field Impact Experiments of Plastic Pipes Embedded in Soil-cement Backfill." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69261087589217420428.
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碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
營建工程所
97
The soil-cement has been applied in the reservoir, embankment and abutment to prevent seepage and erosion problems. With its improved strength, it may be able to prevent the flood damage to public roads in Taiwan during rainy seasons. The study objective is to evaluate the strength of the soil-cement as a backfill material by means of standard laboratory tests and field experiments using heavy impact loads. To understand the strength differences between soil-cement and natural soil, laboratory works such as sieve analysis, compaction test, tri-axial test and compression test were carried out to determine the mechanical parameters to be used in the numerical modeling and analysis of backfills. The field impact tests considered both natural soil and soil-cement. The test results demonstrate that mixing 10% of cement in the natural soil produces higher stiffness and strength than the natural soil. During impact tests at a backfilled site, it was found that the maximum dent deformation is reduced by about 70% averagely. The use of soil-cement as a backfill material might be a good solution to low-quality road works.
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Ho, Wen-Jie, and 何文傑. "Design of Experiments and Development of LED Rotator Based on Embedded System." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83753478575084556840.
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碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
機械與自動化工程所
95
As for large size LED monitor, the cost of high luminance LED is expensive, so this thesis puts forward a design that can reduce the quantity of the used LED. This design is based on the special relationship between time and space, with persistence of vision, if the frequency of the rotational LED strip is higher than human eyes’ switch frequency, this LED strip could be used to replace space and brightness of vision. And based on time and space variation, it can scan all of the image bright points and show animation as well; so significant quantity of used LED could be reduced. The scan structure in this thesis is scanning one dimension with rotational structure of one plane aluminum tray that is drove by brushless D.C. motor. In order to stabilize scan speed, we implement PI control feedback structure on the dsPIC, moreover, we adjust with Taguchi metthod and Dual response surface mothod to get a group of optimal parameters. Then with Microchip network module to implement embedded web page server, so monitoring and controlling the status of motor rotational speed can use the way of network communication, it is useful for operator who is whenever near or far to control the load variable situation.
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Gellie, Nicholas James Court. "Best practice restoration: building the evidence-base for restoring eucalypt woodlands of Southern Australia." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119640.
Full textAbstract:
Approximately a third of the Earth’s surface is degraded. The enormous scale of degradation has stimulated multilateral agreements with ambitious restoration targets (e.g. The Bonn Challenge aspires to restore 350 million ha by 2030). Humankind has greater awareness than ever before of the factors contributing to landscape degradation, and has developed sophisticated practices to assist in its repair. The principal management intervention used to combat the biodiversity declines associated with land degradation is restoration. However, unprecedented environmental challenges from climate change, rapid biodiversity loss, and human population pressures add to the complexity of achieving sustainable restoration outcomes. There are valid concerns that sub-optimal restoration interventions are jeopardizing outcomes, which brings into question our capacity to reach global targets. To establish a strategic approach for improving restoration practice and to promote resilient outcomes, I reviewed current restoration practices and found that the management of plant genetic resources and inconsistent monitoring of projects are key impediments to optimal restoration outcomes. I found a suitable mechanism for investigating these knowledge gaps, through embedded experiments, and subsequently established them in restoration projects. I addressed the plant genetic resource knowledge gaps by testing in situ the relationship between plant fitness and seed origin for six Myrtaceae species. I investigated plant fitness in three empirical studies that included five common garden experiments, from provenances spanning 2.5 degrees of latitude (ca. 460 km) in southern Australian eucalypt woodlands, and found sub-optimal plant performance was common. Furthermore, signals of maladaptation occurred in two of my three empirical studies. I determined that the Myrtaceae species I studied persisted in a range of climatic conditions by combining specific adaptations to aridity and acclimating to new environmental conditions via phenotypic plasticity. I confirmed that this response was strongly directional (e.g. arid to mesic), and the genetic diversity harboured in non-local provenances could be harnessed to counteract plant fitness concerns (e.g. adaptation lags due to climate or lack of connectivity due habitat fragmentation), and ultimately help to achieve more sustainable outcomes. I then explored the utility of high throughput 16S amplicon sequencing (e.g. metabarcoding soil eDNA) as an assessment tool to assist in monitoring restoration performance. I used metabarcoding of soil eDNA to assess a chronosequence of restoration and found that the process of restoration (i.e. revegetation of the native plant community) strongly impacted soil bacteria, an important functional component of the ecosystem. I observed dramatic changes of the bacterial community after eight years of revegetation, where the bacterial communities in younger sites were more similar to cleared degraded land and older restoration sites were more similar to remnant native stands. This work has identified evidence of community flux and functional recovery following restoration that would remain unrecognised through orthodox monitoring. The synthesis of this work supports the use of evidence-based approaches to iteratively improve restoration practices. Science-practice synergies will come from harvesting the knowledge of these approaches and networking the results more broadly is the most efficient mechanism to achieve best-practice restoration and resilient project outcomes.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Biololgical Sciences, 2018
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Chiou, Yung-Ling, and 邱永凌. "Experiments on the Performance of Upright Heat Modules Embedded with Heat Pipes and Numerical Simulation on the Flow and Thermal Fields in Personal Computers." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92355562009904527281.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
機械與機電工程學系
96
The world is in digital era nowadays. Due to the fast development of computer and IC, the speed and performance of the computer chips increases year by year. Consequently, the cooling problems of the electronic components are getting more and more serious. In the past, the improvements of cooling capability are either increasing the fin area or increasing the flow rate of the fans. However, owing to the trend of compactness in the electronic products, such as desktop or notebook computers, the fin area and the fan size are restricted. The objective of this study is to improve the cooling performance within the limited space inside a personal computer via flow and thermal analysis. This work is composed of three parts mainly. First, the cooling performance of three kinds of CPU coolers was examined experimentally, which include a square type, a radial type and an upright cooler embedded with heat pipes. The flow and the thermal fields were also studied numerically by using a commercial code FLOTHERM V6.1. Next, the radial type and the upright coolers were cast in a personal computer respectively. The velocity and temperature fields were found and the overall cooling performance was analyzed. Finally, several ways for improving the flow fields as well as the cooling performance were investigated. The results obtained in this study can be summarized as follows: （1）Use of copper for the base plate and /or use of heat pipes will enhance the cooling capability of the CPU coolers significantly. （2）Due to the difference in configuration for between the upright coolers and traditional ones, it is possible to change the locations of inlet/outlet and also to use baffles. The resulting flow field and the cooling capability can be improved. （3）Baffles can change the cross-sectional area normal to the flow are well as flow fields. Therefore, the temperature inside the computer can be lowered effectively. （4）It is suggested that the baffles be made of materials of low thermal conductivity. Otherwise, baffles can transfer heat to other places, and therefore increase the temperature of other components. （5）Proper opening position for the outlet can greatly reduce accumulation of the waste heat and hence cause significant temperature drops for the components.
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Chung-Yi, Wu, and 吳崇溢. "Design of an Embedded Expert System on Pneumatic Experiment." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bkjq2v.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
應用電子科技研究所
97
Expert systems are knowledge-based systems that emulate expert thought to solve significant problems in a particular domain of expertise. The artificial intelligence represented by expert systems has evolved to be a very useful approach for problem solving. In this research, produces an Intelligence Computer-Assisted Instruction (ICAI) system for Pneumatics, including expert system and knowledge-based systems design. The real-based teaching systems harness the power of information technology to increase interaction between the teacher and the students, to promote individualized learning environments, and to improve the quality of teaching and learning. In this research, Silicon Laboratories development is used as the system module. Its’ system kernel uses system on chip microprocessor for 8051 based. According to the expert system inference results, classify knowledge rule base, experiment rule base, and diagnosis rule base. Finally, those expert rules are embedded on microprocessor. The microprocessor properties are real time, interaction and intelligent reasoning. The function of the module in Reality Wiring Service Panel (RWSP) is to receive the signal from signal acquisition module. Students can practice and accustom to the operating and experimenting on this test-platform for the experiment study of pneumatic operation. Following the requests of real-time, small-volume, low-loss, high- stability, this research develop an interaction and intelligence system for assist teachers to give a guidance and examples to students. Students could use and practice in the virtual wiring environment to achieve the practice purpose of skill learning. Finally, this environment can monitor different kinds of wiring study, and it has the functions of real-time interaction, intelligent guidance and determination for wiring experiment on pneumatic. This system has enhances the efficiency of learning environment and the effectiveness of learning.
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Dwyer, Mark. "Embedded Software Design for the Canadian Advanced Nanospace eXperiment Generic Nanosatellite Bus." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18941.
Full textAbstract:
The Space Flight Lab (SFL) at the University of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies (UTIAS) has developed an ambitious satellite program called the Canadian Advanced Nanospace eXperiment (CanX). The newest generation of CanX missions are based on the Generic Nanosatellite Bus (GNB). This bus was designed to accommodate many missions using a single, common platform. Currently, there are three nanosatellite missions using the GNB design. These missions include AISSat-1, CanX-3 (BRITE) and CanX-4&5. This thesis describes the high level embedded software design for the on-board computer (OBC), as part of the generic nanosatellite bus. The software discussed includes the Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) Thread, Serial Communications Controller (SCC) Thread, Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) Thread, Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Thread, Communications Thread, Memory Management Thread, Power Thread, House Keeping Computer (HKC) Thread, AISSat-1 Payload Thread and the Time Tag Thread. In addition to the application threads mentioned above, the software design and validation of the On Board Computer (OBC) design for the AISSat-1 mission is also discussed.
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Lin-Zan, Cai. "Library Construction for Embedded System Verification: An Experiment with JPetStore." 2005. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-2407200522163700.
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Cai, Lin-Zan, and 蔡麟讚. "Library Construction for Embedded System Verification: An Experiment with JPetStore." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32829555295432317434.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
電機工程學研究所
93
RED(Region-Encoding Diagram) is an integrated symbolic TCTL model-checker/simulator for timed automata with CRD (Clock-Restriction Diagram) technology and linear hybrid automata with HRD (Hybrid-Restriction Diagram) technology. In order to share the symbolic verification technology of RED for dense-time systems and linear hybrid systems, develop more other applications on RED, and provide a more flexible and efficient way of formal method construction. We construct the library interface of RED, REDLIB, and do an experiment with JPetStore which is a completely new implementation of Pet Store demo application written in Java. This experiment demonstrates how to use REDLIB to construct verification applications.