Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Embedded controllers design'
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Phillips, Grant. "Design and development of a remote reconfigurable internet embedded I/O controller." Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/116.
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The use of embedded Internet systems is growing rapidly in the manufacturing sector. These systems allow the monitoring and controlling of plant machinery and manufactured items from a remote location via a standard Web interface. In a manufacturing environment, it is inevitable that long running processes will require support for dynamic reconfiguration because, for example, machines may fail, services may be moved or withdrawn and user requirements may change. In such an environment it is essential that the operation and architecture of such processes can be modified to reflect such changes. This research project will present methods and ideas for establishing a reconfigurable remote system by using standard 8-bit microcontrollers and reconfigurable hardware. It will allow a manufacturing process to be modified and changed within minutes without even having to be physically present at the location where the process is running.
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Guido, James Sebastian. "Design of robust asynchronous reconfigurable controllers for parallel synchronization using embedded graphs." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2842.
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Synchronization is a key System-on-Chip (SoC) design issue in modern technologies. As the number of operating points under consideration increases, specifications which are capable of altering key parameters such as the time available for synchronization and Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) in response to input from the user/system become desirable. This thesis explores how a combination of parallelism and scheduling, referred to as wagging, can be utilized to construct schedulers for synchronizer designs which are capable of pooling the gain-bandwidth products of their composite devices, in order to satisfy this requirement. In this work, we explore the ways in which the areas of graph theory and reconfigurable hardware design can be applied to generate both combinational and sequential scheduler designs, which satisfy the behavior requirement above. Further to this point, this work illustrates that such a scheduler is primarily comprised of an interrupt subsystem, and a reconfigurable token ring. This thesis explores how both of these components can be controlled in absence of a clock signal, as well as the design challenges inherent to each part. The final noteworthy issue in this study is with regard to the flow control of data in a parallel synchronizer that incorporates a First-In First-Out (FIFO) buffer to decouple the reading and writing operations from each other. Such a structure incurs penalties if the data rates on both sides are not well matched. This work presents a method by which combinations of serial and parallel reading operations are used to minimize this mismatch.
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Maldonado, Leslie Grace. "Building blocks for co-design of controllers and implementation platforms in embedded systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81609.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-95).
One of the biggest challenges in implementing feedback control applications on distributed embedded platforms is the realization of required control performance while utilizing minimal computational and communication resources. Determining such tradeoffs between control performance (e.g., stability, peak overshoot, etc.) and resource requirements is an active topic of research in the domain of cyber-physical systems (CPS). In this thesis, a setup is considered where multiple distributed controllers communicate using a hybrid (i.e., time- and event-triggered) communication protocol like FlexRay (which is commonly used in automotive architectures). Mapping all control messages to time-triggered slots results in deterministic timing and hence good control performance, but time-triggered slots are more expensive. The event-triggered slots, while being less expensive, result in variable message delays and hence poor control performance. In order to tradeoff between cost and control performance, a number of recent papers proposed a switching scheme where messages are switched between time- and event-triggered slots based on the state of the plant being controlled. However, all of these studies were based on a monotonic approximation of the system dynamics. This while simplifying the resource dimensioning problem (i.e., the minimum number of time-triggered slots required to realize a given control performance) leads to pessimistic results in terms of usage of time-triggered communication. In this thesis, it is shown that the usage of time-triggered communication (i.e., the requirement on the minimum number of time-triggered slots for a given control performance) is reduced when an accurate, non-monotonic behavior of the system dynamics is considered in the analysis. This technique is illustrated using a number examples and a real-life case study. While the focus is on communication resources in this thesis, these results are general enough to be applied to a wide range of problems from the CPS domain.
by Leslie Grace Maldonado.
S.M.
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Groom, Eddie L. "Ethernet controller design for an embedded system using FPGA technology." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008m/groom.pdf.
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Shah, Ghafoor, and Saad Arslan. "Design of an in-field Embedded Test Controller." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, ESLAB - Laboratoriet för inbyggda system, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-70791.
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Electronic systems installed in their operation environments often require regular testing. The nanometer transistor size in new IC design technologies makes the electronic systems more vulnerable to defects. Due to certain reasons like wear out or over heating and difficulty to access systems in remote areas, in-field testing is vital. For in-field testing, embedded test controllers are more effective in terms of maintenance cost than external testers. For in-field testing, fault coverage, high memory requirements, test application time, flexibility and diagnosis are the main challenges. In this thesis, an Embedded Test Controller (ETC) is designed and implemented which provides flexible in-field testing and diagnostic capability with high fault coverage. The ETC has relatively low memory requirements for storing deterministic test data as compared to storing complete test vectors. The test patterns used by the ETC are stored separately for each component of the device under test, in system memory. The test patterns for each component are concatenated during test application according to a flexible test command. To address test application time (which corresponds to down time of the system), two different versions of the ETC are designed and implemented. These versions provide a trade off between test application time and hardware overhead. Hence, a system integrator can select which version to use depending on the cost factors at hand. The ETC can make use of an embedded CPU in the Device Under Test (DUT), for performing test on the DUT. For DUTs where no embedded CPU is available, there is the additional cost of a test specific CPU for the ETC. To access the DUT during the test application, the IEEE 1149.1 (JTAG) interface is used. The ETC generates test result that provides information of failing ICs and patterns. The designed and implemented versions of the ETC are validated through experimentations. An FPGA platform is used for experimental validation of the ETC versions. A set of tools are developed for automating the experimental setup. Performance and hardware cost of the ETC versions are evaluated using the ITC'02 benchmarks.
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Aminifar, Amir. "Analysis, Design, and Optimization of Embedded Control Systems." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-124319.
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Today, many embedded or cyber-physical systems, e.g., in the automotive domain, comprise several control applications, sharing the same platform. It is well known that such resource sharing leads to complex temporal behaviors that degrades the quality of control, and more importantly, may even jeopardize stability in the worst case, if not properly taken into account. In this thesis, we consider embedded control or cyber-physical systems, where several control applications share the same processing unit. The focus is on the control-scheduling co-design problem, where the controller and scheduling parameters are jointly optimized. The fundamental difference between control applications and traditional embedded applications motivates the need for novel methodologies for the design and optimization of embedded control systems. This thesis is one more step towards correct design and optimization of embedded control systems. Offline and online methodologies for embedded control systems are covered in this thesis. The importance of considering both the expected control performance and stability is discussed and a control-scheduling co-design methodology is proposed to optimize control performance while guaranteeing stability. Orthogonal to this, bandwidth-efficient stabilizing control servers are proposed, which support compositionality, isolation, and resource-efficiency in design and co-design. Finally, we extend the scope of the proposed approach to non-periodic control schemes and address the challenges in sharing the platform with self-triggered controllers. In addition to offline methodologies, a novel online scheduling policy to stabilize control applications is proposed.
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Tavakoli, Reza. "Design of Road Embedded Dynamic Charging Systems for Electrified Transportation." DigitalCommons@USU, 2020. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7715.
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The U.S. transportation sector represented about 28% of all energy consumption in 2018. Petroleum products accounted for 92% of this total energy. Light-duty vehicles are the largest energy consumers in the transportation sector. The high amount of petroleum used by light-duty vehicles creates significant economic and environmental challenges.
Electric Vehicles (EVs) have a higher fuel economy and can be emission-free; they are therefore an alternative solution for minimizing the negative environmental impact of internal combustion engine vehicles. However, the adoption of EVs has been limited by their limited driving range, long recharging time, and comparatively higher price.
Dynamic wireless charging technology allows for charging the EV battery in motion. Charging pads are embedded in the road and the EV battery is charged while the vehicle is passing over them. This technology not only extends the EV range but also results in a considerable reduction in battery size and capacity. Therefore, dynamic wireless charging solves one of the major issues of EVs, leading to their large-scale adoption.
In the first part of this dissertation, a pad optimization methodology is presented to minimize system cost and losses. Using this method, two pads are optimized, built and tested for charging the EV. In the next section, two methods are presented to estimate how much the EV is laterally misaligned with respect to the center of the charging pads. This helps to increase system efficiency and power transfer capability. Finally, new concrete-based material is presented and studied to reduce the charging pad cost and increase their durability.
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Jones, Omar. "DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN EMBEDDED DC MOTOR CONTROLLER USING A PID ALGORITHM." Thesis, Linköping University, Electronics System, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-58947.
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This project was held at London South Bank University in the UK, with corporation with staff from Linköping University in Sweden as Bachelor thesis.
This report will guide you through the used techniques in order to achieve a successful cooler/Fan project with a minimum budget and good energy saving methods.
The steps of setting the used software and components are supported with figures and diagrams. You will find full explanation of the used components and mathematics, in additional to a complete working code.
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Østhus, Per Magnus. "Concurrent operation of Bluetooth low energy and ANT wireless protocols with an embedded controller." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elektronikk og telekommunikasjon, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14040.
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With the introduction of low-power wireless technologies, new applicationsin the healthcare, fitness and home entertainment markets emergethrough the use of ultra low-power sensors. These devices are designed torun for years on a single coin-cell battery.ANT and Bluetooth Low Energy are two low-power protocols that emergeas competitors in this market. The ability to combine these in a single systemnot only takes away the element of choice from the manufacturers, but alsoprovides compatibility between the two protocols. An ANT-enabled devicecan be coupled to a Bluetooth network, with the benefit of connecting tonon-ANT central devices, such as smartphones, tablets and laptops.In this thesis, the co-existence of these two protocols is discussed. Animplementation with two distinct radios for each protocol, controlled by asingle embedded microcontroller, is presented. The implementation is testedwith regards to packet loss with a simple test application. Test results showthat the obtained packet loss cannot be correlated to the co-existence of thetwo protocols.
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Shah, Shriya. "Design and Implementation of a Scalable Real-Time Motor Controller Architecture for Humanoid Robots and Exoskeletons." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78734.
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Embedded systems for humanoid robots are required to be reliable, low in cost, scalable and robust. Most of the applications related to humanoid robots require efficient force control of Series Elastic Actuators (SEA). These control loops often introduce precise timing requirements due to the safety critical nature of the underlying hardware. Also the motor controller needs to run fast and interface with several sensors. The commercially available motor controllers generally do not satisfy all the requirements of speed, reliability, ease of use and small size. This work presents a custom motor controller, which can be used for real time force control of SEA on humanoid robots and exoskeletons. Emphasis has been laid on designing a system which is scalable, easy to use and robust. The hardware and software architecture for control has been presented along with the results obtained on a novel Series Elastic Actuator based humanoid robot THOR.Master of Science
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De, Beer Daniel Nel. "The development of an 8051 micro-controller evaluation and training board." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1095.
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Thesis MTech(Electrical Engineering)--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 1996The development of the 8051 Evaluation and Training Board was in response to fulfill a need to have a training board available for students at the start of a micro-controller course. This board must be used to get hands-on experience in the internal architecture, programming and operation of the controller through the testing of sample programs and exercises. It can act as an example of a practical micro-controller application board, and also as part of, or as an aid in the design and application of own projects. The board had to be cheap enough so that each student can be issued with a personal board for the duration of the course. It had to be adequately selfsufficient to be portable and to operate independent of a host PC. In addition, it had to contain adequate "intelligence" to guide the student in the use of the board: have a quick re-programming turn-around cycle; and it must be possible to use the board for user program testing and debugging. After drawing up an initial set of objectives and investigating the economic viability of similar systems in industry, an outline of the required design was made. This included the selection of suitable communication between the onboard Operating System and a user; the easiest way to load user programs into the board memory; and methods to test and debug this program. All the normal support circuitry required by a micro-controller to accommodate a minimum system for operation was included into a single Field Programmable Gate Array. The execution of the project was therefore divided into three distinct sections, the hardware, the firmware (Programmable Array configuration) and the software. In the design, the harmony between these sections had to be consolidated to yield a successful final product. The simplicity and ergonomics of the operation and application from a user's point of view, had to be accentuated and kept in mind throughout. In a design of the complexity such as this, careful planning and the investigation of various methods of approach were essential. The use of many computer-aided design and other relevant computer packages was incorporated. Interaction between the user and the Operating System on the board was done through a standard 16-character by 1-line LCD Display Module and a 32-key keyboard. The main feature of the Operating System was to enable the inspection and editing of all the memory locations on the micro-processor.
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Khan, Dawood Ashraf. "Schedulability analysis for the design of reliable and cost-effective automotive embedded systems." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL097N/document.
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Automobile système embarqué est une architecture distribuée de l'ordinateur des applications basées sur. La prolifération des systèmes embarqués dans une automobile a apporté de nombreux avantages,tels que le remplacement du système mécanique ancienne avec capteur électronique en réseau et desactionneurs, par exemple, dans des applications telles suspensions adaptatives. Le remplacement des systèmes mécaniques avec ceux électroniques et l'intégration de nouvelles fonctionnalités dans l'électronique soulève une grave préoccupation, c'est de fournir des garanties que ces systèmes embarqués seront en mesure d'effectuer, même dans des environnements difficiles, en particulier dans un système critique pour la sécurité comme un automobile. De plus, ceux-ci l'actualité informatique applications à la demande, imposée par un processus physique.Par exemple, pour éviter un événement catastrophique comme un accident de la demande de freinage doit répondre aux contraintes de minutage. Ce qui implique que la durée de temps entre l'instance de l'application du frein (à la pédale de frein) et l'instance de l'actionnement au niveau des roues d'un véhicule automobile doit être inférieure à la limite. En outre, l'application de freinage est généralement répartie sur le nombre de nœuds, qui sont embarqués communicants les uns avec les autres en utilisant une ressource de communication partagée. Par conséquent, il est important que nous fournissons des garanties que la demande, individuellement et collectivement, est atteinte de ses contrainte temporelle; qui est dans la composition de plusieurs nœuds embarqués. En outre, la prolifération des applications informatiques est également livré avec une hétérogénéité croissante et la complexité de l'architecture intégrée, ce qui conduira à l'augmentation de la complexité de l'analyse pour les systèmes automobiles.Par conséquent, il ya un besoin croissant d'assurer que ces systèmes automobiles embarqués répondre à des contraintes temporelles et de fournir des garanties de sécurité au cours de leur fonctionnement normal ou lors de situations critiques. Cette thèse vise à développer les analyses d'ordonnançabilité pour systèmes automobiles et les réseaux intégrés, avec le but de faciliter,d'une manière rentable et fiable, la conception et l'analyse des systèmes embarqués automobiles. Les analyses sont élaborées et appliquées dans le contexte de l'automobile; de façon à réduire le risque d'échec en raison de délai: les limites du matériel; frais généraux de mise en œuvre, et les interférences dues à la circulation probalisteAutomotive embedded system is a distributed architecture of computer-based applications. The proliferation of embedded systems in an automobile has brought numerous benefits; such as replacement of old mechanical system with networked electronic sensor and actuators, for example, in applications like adaptive suspensions. The replacement of mechanical systems with electronic onesand the integration of new functionality in electronics raises a serious concern; that is to provide guarantees that these embedded systems will be able to perform, even in harsh environments, particularly in a safety-critical system like an automobile.Moreover, these computer-based applications demand timeliness, imposed by a physical process. For example, to avoid a catastrophic event like a crash the braking application has to meet thetiming-constraints. This implies that the time duration between the instance of application of the brake (at brake pedal) and the instance of actuation at the wheels of an automobile should be less than the deadline. Moreover, the braking application is usually spread over number of embedded nodes, which are communicating with each other using a shared communication resource. Therefore, it is important that we provide some guarantees that an application, individually and collectively, is meeting its timing constraint; that is in the composition of multiple embedded nodes. Moreover, theproliferation of computer-based applications also comes with an increasing heterogeneity and complexity of the embedded architecture; which lead to the increase in the complexity of the analysis for the automotive systems Therefore, there is an increasing need to ensure that these automotive embedded systems meet temporal constraints and provide safety guarantees during their normal operation or during critical situations. This thesis aims at developing the schedulability analyses for automotive systems and embedded networks; with the aim to facilitate, in a cost-effective and reliable manner, the design and analysis of automotive embedded systems. The analyses are developed and applied in the automotive context; so as to reduce the risk of deadline failure due to: hardware limitations ; implementation overheads; and nterference due to probabilistic traffic
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Kureksiz, Funda. "A Real Time Test Setup Design And Realization For Performance Verification Of Controller Designs For Unmanned Air Vehichles." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12609393/index.pdf.
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In this thesis, a test platform based on real-time facilities and embedded software is designed to verify the performance of a controller model in real time. By the help of this platform, design errors can be detected earlier and possible problems can be solved cost-effectively without interrupting the development process.
An unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV) model is taken as a plant model due to its importance in current and future military operations. Among several autopilot modes, the altitude hold mode is selected since it is an important pilot-relief mode and widely used in aviation. A discrete PID controller is designed in MATLAB/Simulink environment for using in verification studies. To control the dynamic system in wide range, a gain scheduling is employed where the altitude and velocity are taken as scheduling variables. Codes for plant and controller model are obtained by using real time workshop embedded coder (RTWEC) and downloaded to two separate computers, in which xPC kernel and VxWorks operating system are run, respectively.
A set of flight test scenarios are generated in Simulink environment. They are analyzed, discussed, and then some of them are picked up to verify the platform. These test scenarios are run in the setup and their results are compared with the ones obtained in Simulink environment.
The reusability of the platform is verified by using a commercial aircraft, Boeing 747, and its controller models. The test results obtained in the setup and in Simulink environment are presented and discussed.
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Ranco, Annarita. "Design and synthesis of a software-based transceiver PHY controller." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-251809.
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Companies developing integrated circuits are expected to enhance their products’ performance at every new release, while reducing size and power consumption. The demand for more elaborate and diverse functionality, together with a reduced time-to-market, irremediably raises costs and increases the probability of bugs. Even high-performance ASICs are not immune: the complexity of the design flow implies significant non-recurring engineering and production costs. Similar challenges affect the FPGA design flow, where the allocation of programmable logic requires considerable engineering effort. Moreover, due to the limited visibility of internal operations, isolating and back-tracing malfunctions are open challenges. Ericsson AB is exploring novel approaches to deal with this complex ecosystem.This thesis investigates the feasibility and the benefits of a flexible design approach, by developing and characterizing a Proof-of-Concept (PoC) transceiver handler for highspeed link applications. The flexibility lies in the software-based controller, exploited to handle the reset and dynamic reconfiguration of a transceiver physical layer (PHY). The objective of the software implementation is to simplify error detection and on-the-fly modification compared to a traditional HW-based controller. The firmware, running on a Nios II soft-core processor, drives the control signals while monitoring the transceiver’s status. Unexpected synchronization losses are handled by a dedicated Interrupt Service Routine.The correct HW/SW interaction has been tested through simulation, whereas the software profiling proves that the timing requirements are met (only 167µs are spent on the reset sequence). Finally, the PoC has been benchmarked against an analogous system with a traditional HW-based controller, to evaluate the drawbacks of the introduction of a soft-core processor (in terms of logic utilization and power consumption).Despite the promising engineering effort reduction, further research is required to scale up the system and move from the PoC stage towards product release.Företag som utvecklar integrerade kretsar förväntas öka prestandan i nya produkter, och samtidigt reducera storlek samt effektförbrukning. Efterfrågan på mer komplicerad funktionalitet, tillsammans med förkortad time-to-market, orsakar oundvikligen högre kostnader och ökad sannolikhet för buggar. Även högprestererande ASICs drabbas av detta: det komplicerade designflödet resulterar i signifikanta engångskostnader för teknisk utveckling samt tillverkning. Liknande utmaningar påverkar designflödet hos FPGA:er, där allokeringen av programmerbar logik kräver påtagligt utvecklingsarbete. Eftersom insynen i interna operationer är begränsad är isolation och spårning av fel aktuella utmaningar. Ericsson AB utforskar nya tillvägagångssätt för att hantera sådana komplexa ekosystem.Det här examensarbetet undersöker genomförbarheten och fördelarna med ett flexibelt tillvägagångssätt för design, genom utveckling och karaktärisering av ett konceptbevis för en transceiver-hanterare för höghastighetslänkar. Flexibiliteten realiseras med en mjukvarubaserad kontroller som används för att hantera återställningssignaler och dynamisk rekonfigurering av en transceiver (PHY). Målet med mjukvaruimplementationen är att förenkla feldetektion samt modifikation i realtid, jämfört med en traditionell hårdvarubaserad kontroller. Mjukvaran, som körs på en Nios II soft-coreprocessor, driver styrsignaler och övervakar transceiverns status. Oväntade synkroniseringsförluster hanteras av en dedikerad avbrottshanteringsrutin. Simulationer har gjorts för att testa korrekt interaktion mellan hårdvara och mjukbara. Profilering av mjukvara visar att timingkraven uppfylls (återställningssekvensen tar endast 167 µs). Avslutningsvis har konceptbeviset jämförts med ett likvärdigt hårdvarubaserat system för att utvärdera nackdelarna med introduktionen av Nios II (vad gäller resursanvändningen och effektförbrukningen).Trots lovande resultat är den begränsade detaljnivån i konceptbeviset en tydlig begränsning. Vidare arbete måste göras för att skala upp systemet och generalisera det här nya tillvägagångssättet.
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Ernst, Daniel. "Development of Research Platform for Unmanned Vehicle Controller Design, Evaluation, and Implementation System: From MATLAB to Hardware Based Embedded System." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002088.
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Ren, Mingming. "An incremental approach for hardware discrete controller synthesis." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00679296.
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The Discrete Controller Synthesis (DCS) technique is used for automatic generation of correct-by-construction hardware controllers. For a given plant (a state-based model), and an associated control specification (a behavioral requirement), DCS generates a controller which, composed with the plant, guarantees the satisfaction of the specification. The DCS technique used relies on binary decision diagrams (BDDs). The controllers generated must be compliant with standard RTL hardware synthesis tools. Two main issues have been investigated: the combinational explosion, and the actual generation of the hardware controller. To address combinational explosion, common approaches follow the "divide and conquer" philosophy, producing modular control and/or decentralized control. Most of these approaches do not consider explicit communication between different components of a plant. Synchronization is mostly achieved by sharing of input events, and outputs are abstracted away. We propose an incremental DCS technique which also applies to communicating systems. An initial modular abstraction is followed by a sequence of progressive refinements and computations of approximate control solutions. The last step of this sequence computes an exact controller. This technique is shown to have an improved time/memory efficiency with respect to the traditional global DCS approach. The hardware controller generation addresses the control non-determinism problem in a specific way. A partially closed-loop control architecture is proposed, in order to preserve the applicability of hierarchical design. A systematic technique is proposed and illustrated, for transforming the automatically generated control equation into a vector of control functions. An application of the DCS technique to the correction of certain design errors in a real design is illustrated. To prove the efficiency of the incremental synthesis and controller implementation, a number of examples have been studied.
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An, Xin. "High Level Design and Control of Adaptive Multiprocessor Systems-on-Chip." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00904884.
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La conception de systèmes embarqués modernes est de plus en plus complexe, car plus de fonctionnalités sont intégrées dans ces systèmes. En même temps, afin de répondre aux exigences de calcul tout en conservant une consommation d'énergie de faible niveau, MPSoCs sont apparus comme les principales solutions pour tels systèmes embarqués. En outre, les systèmes embarqués sont de plus en plus adaptatifs, comme l'adaptabilité peut apporter un certain nombre d'avantages, tels que la flexibilité du logiciel et l'efficacité énergétique. Cette thèse vise la conception sécuritaire de ces MPSoCs adaptatifs. Tout d'abord, chaque configuration de système doit être analysée en ce qui concerne ses propriétés fonctionnelles et non fonctionnelles. Nous présentons un cadre abstraite de conception et d'analyse qui permet des décisions d'implémentation rapide et rentable. Ce cadre est conçu comme un support de raisonnement intermédiaire pour les environnements de co-conception de logiciel / matériel au niveau de système. Il peut élaguer l'espace de conception à sa plus grande portée, et identifier les candidats de solutions de conception de manière rapide et efficace. Dans ce cadre, nous utilisons un codage basé sur l'horloge abstraite pour modéliser les comportements du système. Différents scénarios d'applications de mapping et de planification sur MPSoCs sont analysés via les traces d'horloge qui représentent les simulations du système. Les propriétés d'intérêt sont l'exactitude du comportement fonctionnel, la performance temporelle et la consommation d'énergie. Deuxièmement, la gestion de la reconfiguration de MPSoCs adaptatifs doit être abordée. Nous sommes particulièrement intéressés par les MPSoCs implémentés sur des architectures reconfigurables (ex. FPGAs) qui offrent une bonne flexibilité et une efficacité de calcul pour les MPSoCs adaptatifs. Nous proposons un cadre général de conception basé sur la technique de la synthèse de contrôleurs discrets (DCS) pour résoudre ce problème. L'avantage principal de cette technique est qu'elle permet une synthèse d'un contrôleur automatique selon une spécification des objectifs de contrôle. Dans ce cadre, le comportement de reconfiguration du système est modélisé en termes d'automates synchrones en parallèle. Le problème de calcul de la gestion reconfiguration selon de multiples objectifs concernant, par exemple, les usages des ressources, la performance et la consommation d'énergie, est codé comme un problème de DCS. Le langage de programmation BZR existant et l'outil Sigali sont employés pour effectuer DCS et générer un contrôleur qui satisfait aux exigences du système. Finalement, nous étudions deux façons différentes de combiner les deux cadres de conception proposées pour MPSoCs adaptatifs. Tout d'abord, ils sont combinés pour construire un flot de conception complet pour MPSoCs adaptatifs. Deuxièmement, ils sont combinés pour présenter la façon dont le manager run-time calculé par le second cadre peut être intégré dans le premier cadre afin de réaliser des simulations et des analyses combinées de MPSoCs adaptatifs.
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Aasa, Amanda, and Amanda Svennblad. "Design of an Automated Test Setup for Power-Controlled Nerve Stimulator Using NFC for Implantable Sensors." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniska Kretsar och System, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176212.
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Electrical stimulation on nerves is a relatively new area of research and has been proved to speed up recoveryfrom nerve damage. In this work, the efficiency and stability of antennas integrated on printed circuit boards provided by the department of electrical engineering are examined. An automated test bench containing a stepmotor with a slider and an Arduino is created. Different setups were used when measuring on the boards, which resulted in that the largest antenna gave the most stable output despite the distance between transmitterand receiver. The conclusion was that the second best antenna and the smallest one would be suitable as well,and the better choice if it is to be implemented under the skin. A physical setup consisting of LEDs, an Arduino, a computer, and a function generator was created to examinethe voltage control functionality, where colored LEDs were lit depending on the voltage level. The functionality was then implemented in a circuit that in the future shall be integrated on the printed circuit board. To control high voltages a limiter circuit was examined and implemented. The circuit was simulated and tested, with a realization that a feature covering voltage enlargement is needed for the future.
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Pedretti, Davide. "Design and Development of a Multi-Purpose Input Output Controller Board for the SPES Control System." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425405.
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This PhD work has been carried out at the Legnaro National Laboratories (LNL), one of the four national labs of the National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN). The mission of LNL is to perform research in the field of nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics together with emerging technologies. Technological research and innovation are the key to promote excellence in science, to excite competitive industries and to establish a better society. The research activities concerning electronics and computer science are an essential base to develop the control system of the Selective Production of Exotic Species (SPES) project. Nowadays, SPES is the most important project commissioned at LNL and represents the future of the Lab. It is a second generation Isotope Separation On-Line (ISOL) radioactive ion beam facility intended for fundamental nuclear physics research as well as experimental applications in different fields of science, such as nuclear medicine; radio-pharmaceutical production for therapy and diagnostic. The design of the SPES control system demands innovative technologies to embed the control of several appliances with different requirements and performing different tasks spanning from data sharing and visualization, data acquisition and storage, networking, security and surveillance operations, beam transport and diagnostic. The real time applications and fast peripherals control commonly found in the distributed control network of particle accelerators are accompanied by the challenge of developing custom embedded systems.
In this context, the proposed PhD work describes the design and development of a multi-purpose Input Output Controller (IOC) board capable of embedding the control of typical accelerator instrumentation involved in the automatic beam transport system foreseen for the SPES project.
The idea behind this work is to extend the control reach to the single device level without losing in modularity and standardization.
The outcome of the research work is a general purpose embedded computer that will be the base for standardizing the hardware layer of the frontend computers in the SPES distributed control system.
The IOC board is a Computer-on-Module (COM) carrier board designed to host any COM Express type 6 module and is equipped with a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and user application specific I/O connection solutions not found in a desktop pc. All the generic pc functionalities are readily available in off-the-shelf modules and the result is a custom motherboard that bridges the gap between custom developments and commercial personal computers.
The end user can deal with a general-purpose pc with a high level of hardware abstraction besides being able to exploit the on-board FPGA potentialities in terms of fast peripherals control and real time digital data processing.
This document opens with an introductory chapter about the SPES project and its control system architecture and technology before to describe the IOC board design, prototyping, and characterization. The thesis ends describing the installation in the field of the IOC board which is the core of the new diagnostics data readout and signal processing system. The results of the tests performed under real beam conditions prove that the new hardware extends the current sensitivity to the pA range, addressing the SPES requirements, and prove that the IOC board is a reliable solution to standardize the control of several appliances in the SPES accelerators complex where it will be embedded into physical equipment, or in their proximity, and will control and monitor their operation replacing the legacy VME technology. The installation in the field of the IOC board represents a great personal reward and crowns these years of busy time during which I turned what was just an idea in 2014, into a working embedded computer today.Questo lavoro di dottorato è stato svolto presso ai Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL), uno dei quattro laboratori nazionali dell’Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare. La missione principale dei LNL è la ricerca di base nella fisica e astrofisica nucleare, sostenuta da un’importante ricerca relativa alle tecnologie emergenti. Le attività di ricerca nell’ambito dell’elettronica e dell’informatica sono essenziali per lo sviluppo del sistema di controllo del progetto SPES (produzione selettiva di specie esotiche). SPES è il progetto piú importante e rappresenta il futuro dei laboratori di Legnaro. Si tratta di una infrastruttura di tipo ISOL (separazione di isotopi in linea), di seconda generazione, il cui obiettivo è quello di generare e accelerare un fascio di ioni radioattivi dedicato alla ricerca nel campo della fisica nucleare, astrofisica nucleare, e ad applicazioni sperimentali in diversi campi della scienza come la produzione di particolari radionuclidi per la medicina nucleare che saranno utili per la diagnosi e la cura di patologie oncologiche. Il progetto del sistema di controllo di SPES sarà basato su tecnologie innovative che consentiranno di monitorare e controllare dispositivi tra loro molto diversi e che eseguono funzioni differenti che vanno dall’acquisizione e visualizzazione dei dati, condivisione dei dati in rete, memorizzazione delle informazioni, operazioni di sorveglianza, diagnostiche e trasporto del fascio. In questo contesto, il dottorato di ricerca proposto descrive il progetto e la realizzazione di una scheda elettronica di controllo (IOC) multifunzione capace di controllare quasi tutte le apparecchiature coinvolte nel trasporto del fascio di ioni radioattivi. L’idea di base di questo lavoro è quella di estendere il controllo a livello di singola apparecchiatura o piccoli gruppi di dispositivi senza rinunciare alla modularità e alla standardizzazione dell’elettronica. Il risultato del lavoro di dottorato è un computer embedded multifunzione progettato con tecnologie all’avanguardia che diventerà lo standard, a livello hardware, su cui si baserà il sistema di controllo distribuito di SPES. Questo controllore multifunzione integra tutte le funzionalità di un computer commerciale e in aggiunta è equipaggiato con un dispositivo programmabile sul campo (FPGA) e alcune periferiche non standard dedicate ad applicazioni di controllo specifiche. L’utente finale potrà sfruttare questa scheda elettronica come un qualunque pc commerciale, oppure, potrà sfruttare le potenzialità della FPGA per le elaborazioni digitali dei dati in tempo reale, per il trasferimento dei dati ad alta velocità su fibra ottica, per chiudere anelli di controllo a larga banda e per avere tempi di risposta agli stimoli in ingresso dal campo deterministici e molto brevi. Il documento apre con una introduzione sul progetto SPES prima di descrivere la progettazione, prototipizzazione e validazione della scheda IOC dando particolare risalto alle attività in cui il mio contributo è stato fondamentale. La tesi si chiude descrivendo l’integrazione della scheda IOC nel sistema di diagnostiche di fascio di SPES. Le misure del profilo di fascio eseguite sul campo e l’estensione della sensibilità di corrente a pochi pA confermano che la scheda elettronica progettata è una soluzione affidabile per standardizzare, a livello hardware, il controllo di diverse apparecchiature nel complesso degli acceleratori del progetto SPES. Questa scheda sostituirà la tecnologia VME in diverse applicazioni e sarà la base su cui implementare un sistema di trasporto di fascio automatico e di qualità, fondamentale per il successo delle attività di ricerca ai LNL. L’installazione in campo della scheda elettronica rappresenta una soddisfazione personale enorme e corona questi anni di duro lavoro durante ai quali ho trasformato quella che nel 2014 era solo un’idea, in un computer embedded pienamente funzionante.
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Aden, Hassan Abdullahi, and Källqvist Rasmus Karlsson. "Evaluating LoRa Physical as a Radio Link Technology for use in a Remote-Controlled Electric Switch System for a Network Bridge Radio-Node." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-247895.
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This report explores the design of a system for remotely switching electronics on and off within a range of at least 15 km, to be used with battery driven radio nodes for outdoor Wi-Fi network bridging. The application of the network bridges are connecting to remote networks, should Internet infrastructure fail during an emergency.The problem statement for the report was “What is a suitable radio link technology for use in a remote controlled electrical switch system and how should it best be put to use?” To answer the question, delimitation was done to exploring Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) link technologies, due to their prior use within power constrained devices.Long Range-radio, abbreviated LoRa, is a LPWAN radio modulation technique and was determined to be a good candidate as a suitable link technology for the remote electrical switch system. The range of LoRa is achieved by drastically lowering the data rate of the transmission, and is suitable for battery-powered or energy harvesting devices such as those found in the field of Internet of Things.A LoRa-based transmitter and receiver pair was implemented, and measured to have a packet delivery ratio of over 95% at a distance of 2 km, measured between two bridges. Data at further distances could not be accurately determined, because of the LoRa transceiver giving faulty readings.No conclusion could be made about the suitability for using a LoRa based system to solve the problem, partially due to an improper method for testing the radio performance was used, and partially due to an inconclusive measurement result.Denna rapport utforskar designen av ett system för att fjärrstyrt slå på eller av elektronik över ett avstånd på minst 15 km, för att användas med batteridrivna radionoder för nätverksbryggning utomhus med Wi-Fi. Tillämpningsområdet för nätverksbryggorna är att koppla samman avlägsna nätverk, om Internetinfrastruktur skulle sluta fungera vid en nödsituation.Problemställningen för rapporten var ”Vad är en lämplig radiolänksteknik att använda i ett fjärrstyrt elektriskt strömbrytarsystem, och hur ska det bäst brukas?”. För att svara på frågan gjordes en avgränsning att utforska Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN)-länktekniker, på grund av deras tidigare användning inom effektbegränsade enheter.Long Range-radio, förkortat LoRa, är en radiomodulationsteknik som används för att skicka data över långa avstånd med energibegränsade enheter. LoRa:s räckvidd uppnås genom att drastiskt sänka datatakten, och lämpar sig för bruk i batteridrivna eller energiskördande enheter, likt de som återfinns inom fältet Internet of Things.Ett LoRa-baserat sändaroch mottagarpar implementerades, och uppmättes till att ha en paketlevereringsmängd på över 95% vid ett avstånd på 2 km, mätt mellan två broar. Data vid större avstånd kunde inte bli bestämt noggrant, eftersom LoRa transceivern gav felaktiga avläsningar. Ingen slutsats kunde göras för lämpligheten för att använda ett LoRa-baserat system för att lösa problemet, delvist för att en olämplig metod för att testa radions prestanda använts, och delvist på grund av ett ofullständigt mätresultat.
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Malaník, Petr. "Řízení manipulátoru pro snímání sítnice oka." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417300.
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To use the image of the retina for biometric or medical purposes, it is necessary that the image is of the highest quality and ideally covers the largest possible area. It is therefore necessary to move the sensing device to the most suitable position while ensuring its stability. A laboratory handling platform is used for this purpose. The platform is moved by stepper motors. A control board equipped with a microcontroller has been developed for their control, which allows very fine movements. The theoretical accuracy of the manipulator is up to 20 nm. Since it is necessary for sensing, to have proper retina illumination, the control system also includes adjustable illumination elements in the infrared and visible spectrum. The resulting system allows scanning of the retina of the eye from multiple angles and thereby effectively increase the area on which it is possible to further look for diseases or biometric features.
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Hajjar, Salam. "Conception sûre de systèmes embarqués à base de COTS." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00952827.
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Le travail présenté dans ce mémoire concerne une méthode de conception sûre de systèmes(COTS). Un COTS est un composant matériel ou logiciel générique qui est naturellement conçu pour être réutilisable et cela se traduit par une forme de flexibilité dans la mise en oeuvre de sa fonctionnalité : en clair, une même fonction peut être réalisée par un ensemble (potentiellement infini) de scénarios différents, tous réalisables par le COTS. La complexité grandissante des fonctions implémentées fait que ces situations sont très difficiles à anticiper d'une part, et encore plus difficiles à éviter par un codage correct. Réaliser manuellement une fonction composite correcte sur un système de taille industrielle, s'avère être très coûteuse. Elle nécessite une connaissance approfondie du comportement des COTS assemblés. Or cette connaissance est souvent manquante, vu qu'il s'agit de composants acquis, ou développés par un tiers, et dont la documentation porte sur la description de leur fonction et non sur sa mise en IJuvre. Par ailleurs, il arrive souvent que la correction manuelle d'une faute engendre une ou plusieurs autres fautes, provoquant un cercle vicieux difficile à maîtriser. En plus, le fait de modifier le code d'un composant diminue l'avantage lié à sa réutilisation. C'est dans ce contexte que nous proposons l'utilisation de la technique de synthèse du contrôleur discret (SCD) pour générer automatiquement du code de contrôle commande correct par construction. Cette technique produit des composants, nommés contrôleurs, qui agissent en contraignant le comportement d'un (ou d'un assemblage de) COTS afin de garantir si possible la satisfaction d'une exigence fonctionnelle. La méthode que nous proposons possède plusieurs étapes de conception. La première étape concerne la formalisation des COTS et des propriété de sûreté et de vivacité (P) en modèles automate à états et/ou en logique temporelle. L'étape suivante concerne la vérification formelle du modèle d'un(des) COTS pour l'ensemble des propriétés (P). Cette étape découvrir les états de violation des propriétés (P) appelés états d'erreur. La troisième étape concerne la correction automatique des erreurs détectées en utilisant la technique SCD. Dans cette étape génère on génère un composant correcteur qui sera assemblé au(x) COTS original(aux) pour que leur comportement général respecte les propriétés souhaitées. L'étape suivante concerne la vérification du système contrôlé pour un ensemble de propriétés de vivacité pour assurer la passivité du contrôleur et la vivacité du système. En fin, une étape de simulation est proposée pour observer le comportement du système pour quelque scénarios intéressent par rapport à son implémentation finale.
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Tománek, Jakub. "Testovací rozhraní integrovaných obvodů s malým počtem vývodů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-320175.
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This study explores the possibilities for reducing the number of pins needed for scan mode interface. In the first part of this paper the existing solutions and methods that are usable for this purpose are described. Specific four pin, three pin, two pin, one pin and zero pin interfaces are designed in second part. Advantages and disadvantages of existing solutions and methods as well as designed and proposed interface are summarized in the conclusion.
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Li, Cian-yao, and 李乾耀. "Design and Implementation of Digital Controllers Using FPGA-Based Embedded Control Platform." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02599648010257913374.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
98
This thesis aims to develop necessary techniques in an embedded control system by using the FPGA based platform. The study takes piezoelectric actuator as a control system example and investigates several issues for digital controller implementation. The applied controls include non model based design such as PID control and neural network control. Moreover, repetitive control, a model based design approach, is also implemented on the piezo actuated system for periodic signal tracking at 10 kHz and 100 kHz sampling rate, respectively. The mathematical model for repetitive controller design is obtained by using Auto-Regressive eXogenous (ARX) algorithm, a system identification technique, for the repetitive controller design. To compensate for the hysteresis effect in the piezo actuated system, an inverse hysteretic compensator is also applied to further improve the tracking performance. The digital control algorithms were realized using embedded hardware CompactRIO developed by National Instruments. The controller includes Real Time module, FPGA module, and DAQ module. We specifically develop the controller firmware under an FPGA environment using LabVIEW software language and obtain extreme fast sampling rate and better control performance than similar works in the literature. Because the FPGA controller is a fixed point processor, design issues such as finite word length precision, overflow, and program optimization should be carefully considered. After performing fixed point analysis, this research successfully implements the advanced controllers on the selected embedded control system. The experimental results also demonstrate that the applied neural network control and repetitive control achieve better control performance than traditional PID control.
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YOU, DONG-HAN, and 游東翰. "Embedded Configurable I/O Controller Design." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04805292940884778555.
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碩士南臺科技大學
電機工程系
105
In order to develop embedded systems, Integrated Development Environment or In-Circuit Emulator is usually needed. Comparing the evolving speed of hardware development, there is no significant improvement on the effort paid for the hardware replacement and software migration, especially for those products belonging to different vendors. To overcome the problems of portability and reusability, the thesis implements a control system with an additional abstract I/O layer. The layer provides an abstract hardware control functions that are used to control variable hardware interfaces to the outside world such as digital I/O, analog I/O, PWM, trigger input, serial I/O etc. For the sake of supporting versatile interface functions, the abstract layer provides Loop and Select operations and makes it some kinds of logical abilities. For the services of upper layer, the JSON data format is used to standardize the control commands. It is convenient for users to issue JSON formed commands and to perform operations.
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Hwang, Chen-Wei, and 黃振偉. "Hardware/Software Tradeoff for Embedded Controller Design." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32371551366993063004.
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Chen, Hsuan-Po, and 陳宣伯. "Observer embedded controller design for E-scooter." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33026720751115713596.
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Wu, Zhi-Xian, and 吳志賢. "Embedded Adaptive Fuzzy PID Controller Design and Realization." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52850992152693256654.
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碩士中華技術學院
電子工程研究所碩士班
94
In the thesis, the conventional PD, PI, PID controllers integrated fuzzy theory are proposed, the fuzzy theory is used to tune the gain parameters of each proposed controller, so that the tracking problem can be solved in a class of nonlinear systems. The control laws of the proposed controllers (fuzzy PD, PI, PID controller) are respectively used to approximate an ideal control for nonlinear systems. In addition, a compensated controller is designed to assure the system stability. The control laws of the proposed controllers are derived from the Lyapunov stability analysis, so that the system tracking ability and the error convergence can be guaranteed in the closed-loop system. Finally, four nonlinear systems, an oscillation system, an inverted pendulum system, a Ven-Der-Pol system and an electric drive system, are respectively utilized to show the satisfactory performances of the proposed control schemes. Finally, the proposed control algorithms are realized by NIOS embedded system chip, then applied to DC motor speed control.
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Chen-Wei, Chu, and 朱晟瑋. "Embedded Control System Design and Practice: Intelligent FCU Controller." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65993316988804892485.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
自動化及控制研究所
93
An embedded control system (ECS) is a delicated system that provides specific control function to a larger system where the ECS is embedded. With the general variety of control objectives, design of embedded control systems can be very different, and generally resulting in ad hoc design. This paper proposes a systematic approach for embedded control systems; in particular, this paper addresses the threee most important issues: (1) functional specification and modeling by Statecharts, (2) modular design and implementation of software and hardware for: sensor, control algorithm, actuator and user interface, and (3) verification of the final implementation. For illustration, this thesis takes an intelligent temperature controller of HVAC system to highlight the three design stages of product development for embedded control systems.
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Zhang, Lin-Fong, and 張人丰. "Embedded Position Variable Structure Controller Design for Brushless DC Motor." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24761019622067843462.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
電機工程系
100
The thesis aims to develop a brushless DC motor position control system, including a brushless DC servo control card and a human-machine interface on the PC (personal computer) side. The brushless DC servo control card is designed as a module unit, contains a MOSFET driver, a control kernel, a communication interface, and a program control. Such design is beneficial to minimize the size of driver unit and increases the flexibility for extension application, such as the multi-axis servo control application. The control kernel embedded with a PID (proportional integral derivative) and a VSC (variable structure control) to guarantee the position loop has the desired performance, including the stability, small steady state error, and fast time response. The brushless DC control card can receive the serial command comes from the main controller via communication port. For example, on the PC side a human-machine interface is developed to send the position command to the servo control card. Then the servo control card finished the closed-loop position control and recorded the necessary signals to benefit the performance analysis. Also, an intelligent genetic algorithm is tried to design the PID and VSC parameters, the feasibility is demonstrated by experimental results.
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Tsai, Ming-Chih, and 蔡明志. "Design and Implementation of An Embedded Controller for DC Motors." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72552522458406617452.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
93
An DC Servo motor speed control system in Embedded Linux environment is developed in this paper. First, PI controller, sliding mode controller and piecewise sliding mode controller are designed to control the speed of the DC Servo motor. Next, this use Linux C language and arm-elf-tools cross compiler tool to develop control program and download ARNUX Embedded System develop platform. Finally, use D/A transformer circuit and Encoder circuit to transmit signal to control the speed of DC servo motors. Experimental results show that PI controller is designed easily, but the recover time is longer than the sliding mode controller with load. Piecewise sliding mode controller has better response and no overshoot than sliding mode controller and PI controller. Moreover, it couldn’t be affected by system parameters and disturbance outside. Also the recover time of piecewise sliding mode controller with load is shorter than others.
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Lin, Yi-Chun, and 林怡君. "A Design of Air-Conditioning Comfortable Controller Based on Embedded System." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53612551451026750207.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
電機工程學系
94
This paper develops an intelligent embedded comfort controller for air-conditioning system. The controller will maintain the best comfortable air conditioning space and automatically adjusts the indoor temperature and humidity using least enthalpy estimator (LEE) to replace to traditional controller using constant temperature setting. Through the liquid crystal display, the user will understand the environment state and feel comfortable at any time. The controller creates a comfortable living space to achieve the purpose of air-conditioning. This paper uses the processor of ARM7-TDMI structure as the system kernel. It integrated several kinds of sensors and circuits into the hardware system. The embedded system structure will be developed as the HVAC Comfort controller. The characteristics of embedded system are small volume, low cost, high stability and also can combine the network for the future network monitoring. To judge the comfort of the air-conditioning, it used the least enthalpy estimator (LEE) to automatically determine the comfortable degree of best operating points in psychrometric chart. When it obtains the indoor temperature and humidity setting, it will forecast air-conditioning load according to Neural Network control theory and determine the output of fan-coil unit. Finally, the system achieves the purpose of saving energy and keeping comfortable.
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Chang, Kung-Haw, and 張恭豪. "Design and Implementation of Energy Systems Management Research Using Embedded Controller." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42055433751957641538.
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碩士國防大學理工學院
機械工程碩士班
98
The goal of this paper is to implement embedded controllers in solar energy systems for green energy vehicle and/or other electric sources. The whole system consists of embedded single-chip system, photovoltaic cells, a battery charger, DC/DC converters, micro SD recorders, batteries and ZigBee wireless modules, where lead-acid batteries considered as the electrical energy storage device. Microchip’s PIC18F4520 is used as the embedded single-chip charge controller. The characteristic properties of the solar energy system are investigated through theoretical and experimental analysis. The concept of maximum point power tracking (MPPT) method is applied to determine the best working condition. The signal processing and state estimation of the dynamics are obtained by using least-square gradient method estimation. The experimental results show that the research of energy system management using the wireless transmission tracking may effectively improve efficiency of the solar energy system.
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Chiou, Ding-Rong, and 邱頂榮. "The Design of Embedded Electric Vehicle Driving Controller and System Integration." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b5bgh5.
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碩士國立虎尾科技大學
機械與機電工程研究所
99
This study uses the ARM9 family embedded microprocessor as the core of the hardware architecture and collcates the timing mechanism of the μC/OS II real-time operating system as the software core to send message to various controller module accurately by using the CAN Bus communication interface technology according to the planed message cycle rate. Therefore, it can perform the required forward, backward, steering, braking, and control basic functions when the vehicle is driving. When we designed the CAN Bus application layer the SAE J1939 protocol is referred to. This study aimed at the planning of the application layer for electric vehicle to testify the accomplished design we have made to be conform to the requirement for the CAN Bus communication network. The CAN Bus network system integration includes an individual and the whole system integration test. By using the CAN Bus communication capability the individual test can check the correctness for the sent and received message as well as timing accuracy when individually connected to other control module of the electric vehicle. The system integration test connect the whole constituted system module for the electric vehicle including vehicle driving module, motor control module, power management system module and vehicle dynamic module. Their testing items include the spinning of the in-wheel driving motor and EPS motor. The results showed that the vehicle driving control module can accurately transmit and receive CAN Bus messages and the in-wheel driving motor and the EPS motor can correctly move following the command signals which is sent by the specific control module.
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Li, Po-Wei, and 李柏緯. "Design and Implementation of Underwater Vehicle PID Controller Based on Embedded System." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7kf9mm.
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碩士國立高雄海洋科技大學
海事資訊科技研究所
102
This thesis is concerned with the PID control design for depth and station-keeping of the remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV). The stability of the control system is tested and ensured in pool. The hardware systems of the ROV include the embedded system, pressure sensor, digital accelerometer module, and thrusters. To overcome the disturbance of measurement signals generated form the water shaking, the Kalman Filter is used for signals process. The experiment results are given to shown the feasibility of the applied PID control method.
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Huang, Sheng-Yin, and 黃聖尹. "Design and Implementation of Embedded Gateway Controller for Modbus TCP and PLC." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44466712578016599312.
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碩士正修科技大學
機電工程研究所
95
Since the Modbus offers a rigorous mechanism of fault confinement for the communication network, it has been widely applied in the real-time control system of the industry. In order to enhance communication performance between master controller and Programmable Logic Controller, in this paper, the integrated hardware and software design of the embedded gateway control is proposed to realize the protocol converter between FX2N and Modbus master device. With the protocol design, this paper proposed the three types of communication mechanisms, which are idle process, writing process from host to target, reading process from target to host. With the help of these simple data format, the performance of the protocol converter can be largely improved. Finally, the effectiveness of the designed protocol converter and gateway device has been verified by the application of the SCADA software and FX2N PLC controller.
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Huang, Wen-Shiung, and 黃文雄. "Design and Study of NAND FLASH Memory Boot Controller for Embedded Systems." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46356747443027189441.
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碩士大同大學
資訊工程學系(所)
96
The FLASH memory is extensively applied in most embedded systems. The purpose of this thesis is to study and design a controller, using the low cost NAND FLASH for booting embedded systems and proving the high capacity data storage for embedded systems However, the speed of the NAND FLASH memory is relative slow and cannot be used in the NOR FLASH memory BUS. A microprocessor-based NAND FLASH boot controller, called “NAND PLUS,” has been proposed in this thesis, to allow the main system processor can be booted through the NAND FLASH memory BUS. After booting the system completely, the proposed device can be served as USB, ATA, IDE, CF, MMC/SD or SPI disks to provde the high capacity data storage for embedded systems.
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Sung, Hsiao-Ping, and 宋曉萍. "Embedded Controller Design upon Analog Regulation of Transient for Currents Electric Bikes." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27707498075870141304.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
機械工程學系暨研究所
101
Nowadays, the electric bike is getting more and more popular in modern society. It becomes basic needs for people who live in either suburbs or urban cities using in a variety of environments and purposes. This thesis develops an embedded system for the electric bike with capability of dynamically varying the transient for driving the motor. The system includes a DSP (digital signal processor) to process the transfer function for calculating the output current for the motor. A dynamic parameter setup approach, LPV (linear parameter varying), is used in this system to set up the transfer function. By adjusting the specific transfer function parameters with a physical knob, the system is able to change the curve of output currents for the motor, hence making the electric bike adjustable and suitable for variable usage. The system is implemented and tested on a physical electric bike, and the experiment results show that the system works properly and effectively.
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Chen, Nien-Yi, and 陳南亦. "A Modified ANFIS Controller’s Design And It’s Implementation With An Embedded Linux System." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10107112581646572471.
Full textAbstract:
碩士聖約翰科技大學
電機工程系碩士班
94
Because in real application, original ANFIS inverse learning method can not represent the inverse dynamic model of induction motor effectively. Thus in this thesis, a modified ANFIS inverse learning method is proposed. A modified training phase by introducing an overall transfer function and a modified application phase by introducing a feedback configuration which combines the ANFIS inverse model and the integral controller are proposed. This new design method gives us a simple and powerful way to design a speed controller for a servo-motor. An experimental result for a 3-phase induction motor is also given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design method. Moreover, in this thesis, a way to realize the modified ANFIS inverse learning method by XSCALE PXA255 embedded system is also proposed. In realizing the embedded intelligent controller, we use LINUX C language to implement the modified ANFIS control rules. The proposed program can gather the input and output data set of the plant, and send the data set to us via the TCP/IP protocol. In this way, we can easily get the required input and output data set using the host PC and obtain the inverse dynamic model using the off-line training method. While obtaining the inverse dynamic model, we also show a way to produce a text file which contains the parameter set of the model and transmit it to the embedded system via the TCP/IP protocol. Hence in this thesis, we have successful realized an embedded intelligent controller which combines the modified ANFIS control law and the TCP/IP communication program.
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Yen, Shih-Hsiang, and 嚴士翔. "A Design of a Modular Distributed Motor Controller using Embedded Micro-Control Chip." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53522482416132179920.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
102
With the advance of science and technology, automatic machines continually replace human labor. The industrial robot arm can be flexibly applied to different functions. However, owing to factors such as large controller size, heavy weight and high costs, implementation on intelligent home system applications has been a great challenge. This study focuses on the design of one-axis distributed motor controller for future multi-axis system. For modularization and embedded distributed architecture, the controller consists of micro SOC, as microprocessor, combined with DC motor driver and communication IC. SOC (System on Chip) can support many communication interfaces and functions despite its small size. Since the controller can be placed inside a machine without additional control elements and cables, it can be more flexibly used in small space. A CAN Bus based communication interface was chosen to independently read and send messages between different controller units. Division of motion planning and position control in the embedded program results in improved stability and instantaneity on multi-axis control system. The controller is applicable to different motion mechanisms. Hence, various one-axis controls could be integrated to a general multi-axis control system resulting in reduced development time as well as cost.
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Chou, Ching-Hsiang, and 周經翔. "Design of Multi-Core Embedded Processor Using Configurable Master-Slave I-Cache Controller." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66706797394891330274.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
電機與控制工程系所
94
Cache miss is a very significant factor to affect its efficiency for the General Embedded Processor in general applications or the Digital Signal Processor(DSP) emphasizing on computing operations. The cache miss results in the penalty of wasting of thousands of cycles or more. For this reason, if we design a cache controller that can reduce the number of cache miss and save miss penalty, we will enhance the efficiency of the processor. In the paper, an I-Cache controller hardware algorithm that can be applied in Chip is introduced. When this algorithm is applied for general application program, it can efficiently reduce the total miss penalty of the I-Cache. Even more, we can see the significant effect when it is applied for the multi-media application that has many loop operations and function calls. In order to prove the dependability and the correctness of the algorithm, the thesis designs a multi-core embedded processor that has VLIW architecture. That can be used for the operation platform of the I-Cache controller, and be intergraded into a embedded processor chip. This Chip is fabricated in UMC 0.18μm process and designed in the way of Cell-based. The chip area is 3.1x3.1 mm2 , and the max operation frequency is operated at 135MHz.
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Wang, Charles Chien Chih, and 王建智. "Design and Verification of the SDRAM Controller IP for Embedded System on Chip." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45479806584772184552.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
電機工程學系
92
Apparently, especially in post-PC era, the semiconductor industry has tried to make embedded System-on-Chip become reality after the CMOS process technologies have been significantly improved. However, to process a well designed embedded SoC is definitely not a commonplace. In most cases, there are indications that one of the major factors to influence performance of a well designed SoC is the SDRAM controller. Frequent access form a host processor, a digital signal processor and a direct memory access controller will cause a giant data flow into the SDRAM controller back and forth. That will halt the system for a while. In this thesis, memory utilization of SoC and a standard architecture and characteristics of SDRAM will be investigated. Based on the analyses above, a high-performance SDRAM controller IP, which complies with AMBA 2.0 specification and IP Qualification guidelines, can be designed. An e language will be employed to verify the SDRAM controller IP under a pre-defined AHB eVC environment. This IP is also synthesized by using UMC 0.18um CMOS technology.
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Yan, Weiyi, and 顏瑋義. "Design of a dsPIC-based Embedded Controller with It Applications to Robotic Manipulator." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09293708724159950912.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中正大學
電機工程研究所
99
The purpose of study is to, based on Distributed System, design a common work platform which can be operated for development into Robot System. With familiar software and specialized profession, different users can cooperate to simplify the development of Robot Systems. The developed platform consists of two systems: Low-Level control system and High-Level plan system. As instant response is required in Robot Systems, the designed two systems should include real-time operation system. The Low-Level control system, which provides suitable modules under different situations, mainly controls hardware module. The High-Level plan system decides the actions of the whole system based on the results from calculation of obtained information. Therefore, the ultimate goal of study aims to develop the Low-Level control system. With the core of dsPIC33FJ128MC710, manufactured by Microchip, in the Low-Level control system, this platform adopts μC/OS-II, and is completed with reliable communication interface through applying CAN transmission mechanism. The basic control functions of robotic arms are performed in CRS PLUS.
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Jiang, Yi-Xuan, and 姜義璿. "Design and implement of embedded oven temperature controlled based on PID control." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3g6jcr.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立勤益科技大學
電子工程系
106
In this thesis, the STM32F407 microcontroller is used as the core of PID control system. The system mainly collects temperature through the K-type thermocouple temperature sensor. The STM32F407 is displayed the digital temperature value on the TFT LCD display to let the user know the current temperature. The oven temperature measured using a K-type thermocouple is displayed in digital form, and the PID is used to adjust the temperature. The K-type thermocouple has a working range of (-40 ° C to + 600 ° C). In this study, PID temperature control is used to regulate temperature, and solid state relays are used to control proportional ON-OFF type heater power. The use of solid state relays allows devices that control larger currents with lower current signals. The PID of parameter control can be adjusted through MODBUS RTU mode, mainly to achieve temperature stability and baking time and fan switch in the electric oven.
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Tzeng, Shih-Min, and 曾仕民. "Industrial Controller Design and Implementation Using an Embedded Real-Time and Multitasking Operating System." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28707486954820404798.
Full textAbstract:
碩士遠東技術學院
機械研究所
92
Since the vigorous development of embedded system, the performance and application of industrial controller are improved constantly. At the same time, because of the improvement of network communication technology, the embedded system is applied to the remote control system widespreadly. In this thesis, single chip SC13 which is making by BECK Company is chosen as the kernel of system architecture. The peripherals of the embedded system are built and many kinds of industrial controllers is developed. For software view point, utilize the DOS based, RTOS(Real-Time and multitasking Operating System, RTOS) API , configure the firmware and application program, enable the software and hardware to work appropriately, and meet the requirements of design. In this thesis, the traditional PID controller and Fuzzy controller are designed. Also, the UDP network communication protocol is used to design a TCP/IP converter for a remote control system. Finally, the RTOS is used to build an IEC1131-3 compatible PLC. The PLC is designed based on the concepts of the embedded system foreground/background software by integrating the PID and Fuzzy control law, and which is applied to a levitation ball control system. It is shown that the developed embedded controller can result an excellent performance for the controlled system.
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Pan, Kuan-Yuan, and 潘冠元. "Design of a Voice-Driven Embedded Controller and Graphical User Interface for Entertainment Robots." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43584983102013373371.
Full textAbstract:
碩士聖約翰科技大學
電機工程系碩士班
99
ABSTRACT The thesis presents the design of a voice-driven embedded controller and graphical user interface for entertainment robots and the application of the embedded controller to a self-assembly transforming robot formed with multiple motors (Dynamixel AX-12) and simple mechanism. First, using the 3D CAD tool, Solidworks, we validate the feasibility of the designed mechanism to transform from the car type into the humanoid type by simulation. By utilizing an embedded system based on the SUNPLUSTM SPCE061A EMU board and a self-designed interface board, we implement a voice-driven embedded controller to control the motion of the robot, recognize the voice commands, process the sensor integration, play the recorded music, and achieve wireless transmission through the ZIG-100 board. In addition, we provide a graphical user interface to facilitate programming the motion of each motor step by step. Finally, we provide several experimental results to verify the performance of the controller.
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Liu, Chien-Hung, and 劉建宏. "The Embedded Adaptive Fuzzy of LED Lighting Energy-saving Controlled Design and Realization." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94468531499798488443.
Full textAbstract:
碩士北台灣科學技術學院
嵌入式系統產業研發碩士專班
97
The oil price goes up rapidly in recent years, make global economic devel-opment present the stagnant phenomenon too, it is excessive to add the mankind the ones that used the petrochemical industry energy to cause melted globally and warmly with the climatic anomaly phenomenon, if the speed that the petro-leum exhausts can not happen to look for the new alternative energy source, it will be a great great calamity to the human vilization Slove the problem that fu-ture energy crisis and environment are safeguarded, only develop a way of new developing energy and recycled energy. According to studying and showing, the contribution degree that the recycled energy discharges to reducing the carbon dioxide before A.D. 2030 can only be up to about 20%, the energy economized can offer 50% of the contribution degree. So it is the most important present subject at present to promote thrift of the energy and high-efficiency use energy. And the energy of consumption lighted is extremely surprising, like China's Mainland in the country that is especially developing, if the words lighting the vast territory in an all-round way, energy consumed and injury caused to the earth environment, will make people be unable to imagine. So lighting en-ergy-conservation is one of the focuses of the new energy science and technol-ogy in the future, the semiconductor may replace existing lighting equipment while lighting in the future, and is replaced by the extensive one and application. It is different to use the place to light according to the need, and the necessary intensity of illumination is different, relevant documents, the more relevant methods controlled in commonly used lighting energy-conservation both at home and abroad through consulting, have chosen with PWM (Pluse width modulation )-Pulse width way changed to transfer is it control one put on of ef-fect electric crystal, Low Side of end to come ( Mosfet) ,And apply the fuzzy theory intellectual control method to this lighting system. Energy-conserving structure of illumination of this thesis, the part of the hardware includes the il-luminance and measures the circuit, LED lighting lamps and lanterns, adjusting the photoelectric way, power supplying device, the SN8P series form chip de-veloped with the science and technology of the loose writing brush is the de-signs of core and peripheral control circuit of perimeter.
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Chung, Chien-Chin, and 鐘健晋. "RF Based Image Transfer and Remote Control via Embedded Micro-controller System Design and Implementation." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05036575280261461447.
Full textAbstract:
碩士元智大學
電機工程學系
104
In this thesis, a remote control panel system is presented to operate personal computer (PC) while the screen of computer is not easily looked at by user. Except for the operated PC, two CORTEX M3 embedded systems (namely C1 and C2) are used for implementing the presented system. The first C1 connected directly to the PC transfers mainly the mouse coordinates and screen shot image of PC to the second C2 via 2.4GHz RF. The C2 displays the mouse location and the image onto a TFT display combining with a resistive touch panel, thus the user can understand the PC’s mouse and screen information through the TFT display. In addition, since the resistive touch panel can be regarded as a pointer, the user can look at the TFT display and operate the touch panel like mouse as well as press some buttons. The touched coordinate or pressed information will be transferred back from the C2 to the C1 via 2.4GHz RF, and thus the PC’s mouse action remotely controlled is achieved. The prototype of the proposed system for the image transfer and remote control has been realized in this study. In the near future, it is expected that it can be applied to the smart home and surveillance system.
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Gao, Qi-Kai, and 高琦凱. "Design, Gait Generation and Embedded Microcontroller-based Single-axis Servo Controller Implementation for a Biped Walking Robot." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78141004201993684159.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中興大學
機械工程學系所
95
This thesis designs and develops an e-nuvo-like walking biped robot. Then, an analytic inverse kinematics solution is derived using both algebraic and geometric methods. A ZMP-based walking gait planning is also considered. The forward kinematics is considered using the D-H method. In the walking gait planning, a unique solution method is suggested for the cubic spline interpolation, and a ZMP margin method is adopted for choosing the best trajectory parameters. Furthermore, a embedded microcontroller and peripheral circuits are used to construct a required low-level joint servo control system.
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Ciou, De-Cheng, and 邱德晟. "The Two-axis Motor System Design with Embedded Fuzzy PID Controller Applied to a Smart Telescope Mount." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pv58qj.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立虎尾科技大學
資訊工程研究所
103
Telescope mount is an essential assistant tool for astronomical observation. With the advanced technology, telescope mount is combined with motor control system that with the help of the embedded system, the telescope can further carry the GoTo and tracking functions. Therefore, the motor control system plays an important role to perform these two functions. This study applies the fuzzy PID control to control the motor on the telescope mount so that the response rate, stability and precision can be accelerated. Based on the error (e) and error rate (△e) regulated by the fuzzy rule, the study modifies the rule base of the motor control system to design an intelligent control. Moreover, in the initial auto calibration, the accelerometer and magnetometer are utilizes in the study to generate two horizontal axes for the calibration. Then assessing data of time, date, and latitude and longitude from GPS, the system can generate the coordinate position of the Polaris. And finally, with smart positioning function, the telescope control system locates Polaris as the datum reference point in the whole celestial body. Furthermore, the smart telescope mount in this study applies auto tracking sun system to create a better design. The system design in this study will help the amateurs efficiently do the work of positioning and tracking while using the telescope. With a smarter way of design, the study creates a more user-friendly operational interface to develop a breakthrough for other relevant applications.