Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Embedded battery'
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Meng, Jianwen. "Battery fault diagnosis and energy management for embedded applications." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST003.
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Les véhicules électriques (VEs) connaissent un développement en plein essor ces dernières années pour faire face aux problèmes environnementaux et aux dérèglements climatiques. Du point de vue du stockage de l'énergie, c'est essentiellement la technologie des batteries lithium-ion (LIB) qui est la plus utilisée pour d'alimentation des véhicules électriques compte tenu de leur haute densité d'énergie / puissance et de leur longue durée de vie. La fiabilité des LIBs est sans aucun doute d'une importance fondamentale pour le développement des VE. Dans cet objectif, les travaux de thèse s'inscrivent dans le développement des algorithmes dédiés à l'estimations des états de la batterie ainsi qu'au diagnostic de court-circuit naissant. L'estimation des états de la batterie, qui peut également être qualifiée de surveillance de la batterie, est un élément indispensable de la stratégie de gestion de l'énergie d'un véhicule électrique ou hybride. Par ailleurs, le vieillissement prématuré peut être évité grâce à la surveillance des états de batterie telles que l'état de charge (SOC) et l'état de santé (SOH). De plus, étant donné que l'emballement thermique (TR) peut être la conséquence d'un défaut de court-circuit (SC) électrique, de ce fait, une détection efficace de SC naissant de la batterie peut donc donner une alerte protectrice de TR. La principale contribution de cette thèse réside dans les aspects théoriques et méthodologiques dans le domaine de la surveillance de la batterie et du diagnostic SC naissantIn order to cope with environmental problems and climate change, electric vehicles (EVs) gain the ever booming development in recent years. From the point of view of energy storage, because of their high energy / power density and their extended lifespan, it is essentially the lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology which is the most used power unit for EVs. Doubtlessly, the reliability of LIBs is of vital importance for the development of EVs. To this end, this thesis is dedicated to the algorithmic development of battery state and parameter estimation as well as incipient short-circuit diagnosis. The battery state and parameter estimation, which can also be termed as battery monitoring, is a critical part in the so-called health conscious energy management strategy for electric or hybrid electric vehicle. Premature aging can be avoided through the accurate battery state estimation such as state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH). Furthermore, as the thermal runaway (TR) can be ultimately attributed to short-circuit (SC) electrical abuse, therefore, effective battery incipient SC detection can give an early warning of TR. The main contribution of this thesis lies in the theoretical and methodological aspects in the domain of battery monitoring and incipient SC diagnosis
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Quraan, Mahran. "Modular multilevel converter with embedded battery cells for traction drives." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6653/.
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This thesis proposes a new modular multilevel converter with embedded cell balancing for battery electric vehicles. In this topology, the battery cells are directly connected to the half-bridge choppers of the sub-modules, allowing the highest flexibility for the discharge and recharge of each individual cell. Tht: traditional battery management system is replaced by the control of the converter, which individually balances all the cells. A new balancing algorithm is presented and discussed in. the thesis, showing that the converter generates symmetric three-phase voltages with low harmonic distortion even for significantly unbalanced cells. The thesis also analyses stationary recharge of the battery cells from both three-phase and single-phase ac sources. The performance of the converter as a traction drive is assessed in terms of torque-speed characteristic and power losses for the full frequency range, including field weakening. A simplified model for estimating conduction and switching losses for the proposed modular multilevel converter is presented and the results for a typical driving cycle are compared with a traditional two-level converter. Simulation and experimental results on a kW-size prototype have confirmed the feasibility of the proposed traction modular converter in terms of effectiveness of the cell balancing control, validity of the proposed loss model, suitability of use for traction and effectiveness of recharging operations.
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Soleiman, Andreas. "Battery-free Visible Light Sensing." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för datorteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-381370.
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In this thesis, we show that it is possible to design a battery-free light sensing system that can sense and communicate hand gestures while operating fully on harvested power from indoor light. We present two main innovations that push our system to tens of microwatts of power to enable battery-free operation. First, we introduce a novel visible light sensing system that can track variations in light intensity by using a solar cell as a sensor. Solar cells are unlike photodiodes optimized for energy yield in the visible light region and hence do not require any power hungry active components such as an operational amplifier. Furthermore, solar cells can operate under more diverse light conditions as they are not susceptible to saturation under bright light. Second, we devise two ultra-low power communication mechanisms based on radio frequency backscatter to transmit sensor readings at various resolutions without the need of any energy-expensive computational blocks. We design two battery-free and self-powered hardware prototypes that are based on these two innovations. Our first design utilizes an on-board comparator based circuit to perform a 1-bit digitization of changes in light readings, consuming only sub-microwatt of power for digitization. For our second prototype, we design an analog backscatter mechanism that can map raw sensor readings directly to backscatter transmissions. We demonstrate the feasibility of our designs when sensing significant changes in light intensity caused by shadows from hand gestures, and reconstruct these at a receiving device. Our results demonstrate the ability to sense and communicate various hand gestures at a peak power of 20 microwatts when performing 1-bit digitization, and a mean power of 60 microwatts when performing analog backscatter. Both designs represent orders of magnitude improvement in terms of power consumption over state-of-the-art visible light sensing systems.Battery-free Visible Light Sensing
MobiCom: G: Battery-free Visible Light Sensing
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Hylamia, Abdullah. "Towards Battery-free Radio Tomographic Imaging : Battery-free Boundary Crossing Detection." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-234819.
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Radio tomographic imaging (RTI) is a novel device-free localization technique which utilizes the changes in radio signals caused by obstruction to enable various sensing applications. However, the deployment of these applications is hindered by the energy-expensive radio sensing techniques employed in these systems. In this thesis, we tackle this issue by introducing a novel way to realize a battery-free RTI sensor. We go through the design process and produce and evaluate a working prototype that operates on minuscule amounts of energy. Our design reduces power consumption by orders of magnitude compared to traditional RTI sensors by eliminating the energy-expensive components used in current RTI systems, enabling battery-free operation of RTI sensors. We demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of our system in a boundary crossing scenario. We Discuss its limitations and tackle some of the security threats correlated with the deployment of such a system.Radiotomografisk avbildning (RTA) är en ny, anordningsfri lokaliseringstekniksom utnyttjar förändringarna i radiosignaler orsakat av obstruktioner för att möjliggöraolika avkänningsapplikationer. Utvecklingen av dessa applikationer hindrasemellertid av de energiineffektiva radioavkännande tekniker som användsi dessa system. I denna avhandling behandlar vi problemet genom att introduceraen ny metod för att skapa en batterifri RTA-sensor. Vi går igenom konstruktionsprocessenoch producerar och utvärderar en arbetsprototyp som kräver minusklermängder energi. Vår design minskar energiförbrukningen signifikantjämfört med traditionella RTA-sensorer, genom att eliminera de energiineffektivakomponenterna som används i dagens RTA-system, vilket möjliggör batterifridrift av RTA-sensorer. Vi demonstrerar effektiviteten och noggrannheten hos vårtsystem i ett gränsöverskridande scenario. Vi diskuterar begränsningarna och taritu med några av de säkerhetshot som är korrelerade med utplaceringen av ettsådant system.
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Copello, Claudio Gustavo. "Enhancing Data Security and Energy Efficiency on Battery-Free Programmable Platform via Adaptive Scheduling." OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2038.
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Embedded devices constantly face two challenges in data security and energy efficiency. These devices are limited in processing such secure functions, as well as maintaining enough energy for the device to function properly. One example involves the healthcare industry, where some patients may require an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) in their hearts to measure the heartbeat rate, while powered by a battery. The heartbeat rate is sent wirelessly, and the ICD can receive a jolt of electricity when the heartbeat rate reaches an abnormal value. Transmitting data alone, however, yields potential security risks when sending plain data. Work has shown that an attacker could intercept the heartbeat rate of the ICD, and intentionally send jolts of electricity. Also, replacing the battery on an ICD involves quite a painful process for the patient. A battery-less device that can receive energy wirelessly is much more convenient, but also poses a challenge where power loss may occur under long distances due to a limited supply of energy. In this paper, we design an adaptive light-weight scheduling mechanism that enhances data security, as well as improving energy efficiency on a device with such constraints. We will then prototype this scheduler on a Wireless Identification and Sensing Platform (WISP) device, which includes these constraints. Our results will then demonstrate the capabilities of such adaptive scheduling under various distances.
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Li, Jiayin. "ENERGY-AWARE OPTIMIZATION FOR EMBEDDED SYSTEMS WITH CHIP MULTIPROCESSOR AND PHASE-CHANGE MEMORY." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/ece_etds/7.
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Over the last two decades, functions of the embedded systems have evolved from simple real-time control and monitoring to more complicated services. Embedded systems equipped with powerful chips can provide the performance that computationally demanding information processing applications need. However, due to the power issue, the easy way to gain increasing performance by scaling up chip frequencies is no longer feasible. Recently, low-power architecture designs have been the main trend in embedded system designs.
In this dissertation, we present our approaches to attack the energy-related issues in embedded system designs, such as thermal issues in the 3D chip multiprocessor (CMP), the endurance issue in the phase-change memory(PCM), the battery issue in the embedded system designs, the impact of inaccurate information in embedded system, and the cloud computing to move the workload to remote cloud computing facilities.
We propose a real-time constrained task scheduling method to reduce peak temperature on a 3D CMP, including an online 3D CMP temperature prediction model and a set of algorithm for scheduling tasks to different cores in order to minimize the peak temperature on chip. To address the challenging issues in applying PCM in embedded systems, we propose a PCM main memory optimization mechanism through the utilization of the scratch pad memory (SPM). Furthermore, we propose an MLC/SLC configuration optimization algorithm to enhance the efficiency of the hybrid DRAM + PCM memory. We also propose an energy-aware task scheduling algorithm for parallel computing in mobile systems powered by batteries.
When scheduling tasks in embedded systems, we make the scheduling decisions based on information, such as estimated execution time of tasks. Therefore, we design an evaluation method for impacts of inaccurate information on the resource allocation in embedded systems. Finally, in order to move workload from embedded systems to remote cloud computing facility, we present a resource optimization mechanism in heterogeneous federated multi-cloud systems. And we also propose two online dynamic algorithms for resource allocation and task scheduling. We consider the resource contention in the task scheduling.
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Gao, Peng. "Viewer-Aware Intelligent Mobile Video System for Prolonged Battery Life." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31738.
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In the modern society, mobile is gradually going to become all about video streaming. The main reasons of video growth are mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets which enable people to have access to videos they would like to watch at anywhere and anytime. However, due to the large video data size and intensive computation, video processing leads to a huge power consumption. Mobile system designers typically focus on hardware-level power optimization techniques without considering how hardware performance interfaces with viewer experience. In my research, I investigated how viewing context factors affect mobile viewing experience. Furthermore, a viewer-aware intelligent mobile video system was designed to optimize power efficiency automatically in real-time according to the viewing context and maintain the same viewing experience. Our research opened a door for developments of future viewer-aware mobile system design, accelerating low-cost mobile devices with longer battery life.
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Malachowska, Julia, and Miko Nore. "Emulation of Analog Front-End isoSPI communication for Battery Management Systems." Thesis, KTH, Mekatronik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297789.
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This study aims to investigate how an emulator could be developed as a testing tool for Battery Management Systems (BMS) by emulating the Analog Frontend (AFE) circuit communicating with a control unit for monitoring of LithiumIon Batteries. All of the research was conducted in the context of the company Northvolt. By analysing data collected through a questionnaire, it was evident that an emulator testing tool could potentially make the BMS development process significantly more efficient. A demonstrator was developed as a part of the study. It fulfilled almost all of the requirements initially stated, but required the control unit to send commands in a fixed sequence, which the current BMS control unit did not. A fixed sequence would however enable the incorporation of the developed emulator, as well as introducing other advantages such as predictability. The study showed that the most important factor to consider for developing an AFE communication emulator for BMS testing was robustness and repeatability of the timings of the communication signals.Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur ett testverktyg baserat på en emulator skulle kunna utvecklas för batteristyrsystem. Studien genomfördes på batteriföretaget Northvolt. Genom att analysera data insamlad via ett frågeformulär framgick det tydligt att ett testverktyg baserat på en emulator hade god potential att göra utvecklingsprocessen av batteristyrsystem mer effektiv. En prototyp utvecklades som en del av studien. Denna uppfyllde nästan alla de initialt uppsatta kraven, men var anpassad för kommunikation i en fix sekvens, till skillnad från det aktuella systemet hos företaget. Via studien fann man att implementationen av en fix kommunikationssekvens skulle medföra önskvärda egenskaper hos systemet såsom förutsägbarhet. Vidare visade studien att den viktigaste faktorn att ta i beaktning för utveckling av en emulator var robusthet och repeterbarhet hos timingen av kommunikationssignalerna. Detta eftersom kommunkationen mellan enheter förlitar sig på korrekt timing av varje skickad bit för korrekt inlästa meddelanden.
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MALACHOWSKA, JULIA, and MIKO NORE. "Emulation of Analog Front-End isoSPI communication for Battery Management Systems." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-299264.
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This study aims to investigate how an emulator could be developed as a testing tool for Battery Management Systems (BMS) by emulating the Analog Front-end (AFE) circuitcommunicating with a control unit for monitoring of Lithium-Ion Batteries. All of the research was conducted in the context of the company Northvolt. By analysing data collected through a questionnaire, it was evident that an emulator testing tool could potentially make the BMS development process significantly more efficient. A demonstrator was developed as a part of the study. It fulfilled almost all of the requirements initially stated, but required the control unit to send commands in a fixed sequence, which the current BMS control unit did not. A fixed sequence would however enable the incorporation of the developed emulator, as well as introducing other advantages such as predictability. The study showed that the most important factor to consider for developing an AFE communication emulator for BMS testing was robustness and repeatability of the timings of the communication signals.Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur ett testverktyg baserat på en emulator skulle kunna utvecklas för batteristyrsystem. Studien genomfördes på batteriföretaget Northvolt. Genom att analysera data insamlad via ett frågeformulär framgick det tydligt att ett testverktyg baserat på en emulator hade god potential att göra utvecklingsprocessen av batteristyrsystem mer effektiv. En prototyp utvecklades som en del av studien. Denna uppfyllde nästan alla de initialt uppsatta kraven, men var anpassad för kommunikation i en fix sekvens, till skillnad från det aktuella systemet hos företaget. Via studien fann man att implementationen av en fix kommunikationssekvens skulle medföra önskvärda egenskaper hos systemet såsom förutsägbarhet. Vidare visade studien att den viktigaste faktorn att ta i beaktning för utveckling av en emulator var robusthet och repeterbarhet hos timingen av kommunikationssignalerna. Detta eftersom kommunkationen mellan enheter förlitar sig på korrekt timing av varje skickad bit för korrekt inlästa meddelanden.
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Sarban, Singh Ranjit Singh. "A design scheme of energy management, control, optimisation system for hybrid solar-wind and battery energy storages system." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13788.
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Hybrid renewable energy system was introduced to improve the individual renewable energy power system’s productivity and operation-ability. This circumstance has led towards an extensive technological study and analysis on the hybrid renewable energy system. The extensive technological study is conducted using many different approaches, but in this research the linear programming, artificial intelligence and smart grid approaches are studied. This thesis proposed a complete hardware system development, implementation and construction of real-time DC Hybrid Renewable Energy System for solar-wind-battery energy source integrated with grid network support. The proposed real-time DC HRES hardware system adopts the hybrid renewable energy system concept which is composed of solar photovoltaic, wind energy system, battery energy storage system and grid network support. The real-time DC HRES hardware system research work is divided into three stages. Stage 1 involves modelling and simulation of the proposed system using MATLAB Simulink/Stateflow software. During this stage, system’s methodological design and development is emphasised. The obtained results are considered as fundamental finding to design, develop, integrate, implement and construct the real-time DC HRES hardware system. Stage II is designing and developing the electronic circuits for the real-time DC HRES hardware system using PROTEUS software. Real time simulation is performed on the electronic circuits to study and analyse the circuit’s behaviour. This stage also involves embedded software application development for the microcontroller PIC16F877A. Thus, continuous dynamic decision-making algorithm is developed and incorporated into microcontroller PIC16F877A. Next, electronic circuits and continuous dynamic decision-making algorithm are integrated with the microcontroller PIC16F877A as a real-time DC HRES hardware system to perform real time simulation. The real-time DC HRES hardware system simulation results are studied, analysed and compared with the results obtained in Stage 1. Any indifference between the obtained results in Stage 1 and Stage 2 are analysed and necessary changes are made. Stage 3 involves integrating, implementation and construction of real-time DC HRES. The continuous dynamic decision-making algorithm is also incorporated into the real microcontroller PCI16F877A development board. Real-time DC HRES’s experimental results have successfully demonstrated the system’s ability to perform supervision, coordination, management and control of all the available energy sources with lease dependency on the grid network. The obtained results demonstrated the energy management and optimisation of the available energy sources as primary power source deliver.
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Krupa, Miroslav. "Metody technické prognostiky aplikovatelné v embedded systémech." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233568.
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Hlavní cílem dizertace je poskytnutí uceleného pohledu na problematiku technické prognostiky, která nachází uplatnění v tzv. prediktivní údržbě založené na trvalém monitorování zařízení a odhadu úrovně degradace systému či jeho zbývající životnosti a to zejména v oblasti komplexních zařízení a strojů. V současnosti je technická diagnostika poměrně dobře zmapovaná a reálně nasazená na rozdíl od technické prognostiky, která je stále rozvíjejícím se oborem, který ovšem postrádá větší množství reálných aplikaci a navíc ne všechny metody jsou dostatečně přesné a aplikovatelné pro embedded systémy. Dizertační práce přináší přehled základních metod použitelných pro účely predikce zbývající užitné životnosti, jsou zde popsány metriky pomocí, kterých je možné jednotlivé přístupy porovnávat ať už z pohledu přesnosti, ale také i z pohledu výpočetní náročnosti. Jedno z dizertačních jader tvoří doporučení a postup pro výběr vhodné prognostické metody s ohledem na prognostická kritéria. Dalším dizertačním jádrem je představení tzv. částicového filtrovaní (particle filtering) vhodné pro model-based prognostiku s ověřením jejich implementace a porovnáním. Hlavní dizertační jádro reprezentuje případovou studii pro velmi aktuální téma prognostiky Li-Ion baterii s ohledem na trvalé monitorování. Případová studie demonstruje proces prognostiky založené na modelu a srovnává možné přístupy jednak pro odhad doby před vybitím baterie, ale také sleduje možné vlivy na degradaci baterie. Součástí práce je základní ověření modelu Li-Ion baterie a návrh prognostického procesu.
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Abdirahman, Khalid, and Sebastian Förnberg. "Styrsystem för solcellsladdade batterier." Thesis, KTH, Hälsoinformatik och logistik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230114.
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Användandet av solceller ökar kontinuerligt i Sverige och effekten som genererasav solcellerna förvaras oftast i bly-syra batterier. Dessa batterier har en dåligpåverkan på miljön eftersom det krävs mycket energi och miljöfarliga material såsom bly och svavelsyra för att tillverka dessa batterier. Östersjökompaniet AB ochmånga av dess kunder inser vikten av ett hållbart tänkande och var intresseradeav att veta om det var möjligt att maximera livslängden av dessa batterier. Underarbetets gång analyserades olika metoder för upp- och urladdning av batterier somkan påverka ett batteris livslängd och hur man kan bära sig åt för att optimera det.En laddningskontroller användes för att optimera laddningen av batteriet. För attberäkna laddningsnivån i batteriet användes metoden ”Extended voltmeter”. Enprototyp som kunde ladda batterierna på ett optimalt sätt, varna då batterietsladdningsnivå blev för låg samt en användarvänlig applikation för övervakning avbatteriet konstruerades. Ett batteris beräknade livslängd är ingen exakt vetenskap.Enligt studier kan livslängden av ett batteri fördubblas om det laddas upp ochladdas ur på ett optimalt sätt i jämförelse med då det laddas ur helt.The use of solar cells is continuously increasing in Sweden and the powergenerated by the solar cells is usually stored in lead acid batteries. These batterieshave a bad impact on the environment as much energy and environmentallyhazardous materials like lead and sulfuric acid are required to manufacture thesebatteries. Östersjökompaniet AB and many of its customers realize the importanceof sustainable thinking and were interested in knowing if it was possible tomaximize the lifetime of these batteries. During the course of the work, differentmethods of battery charging and discharging were analyzed that could affect thebatteries lifetime and how to take care of them to optimize them. A chargecontroller was used to optimize the charge of the battery. To calculate theremaining state of charge in the battery, the Extended voltmeter method was used.A prototype that was able to charge the batteries optimally, warn when the batterycapacity became too low, and a user-friendly application for battery monitoring wasdesigned. The calculated lifetime of a battery is not an exact science. According tostudies the lifetime of a battery can be doubled if it is c
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Biondani, Luca. "Control system for agricultural autonomous electric vehicle." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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The subject of this thesis is the realization of the control system of an autonomous electric vehicle for agricultural applications. The robot will be used for field experimentation of innovative agricultural techniques.
The software is developed in LabVIEW programming language, and is employed on an embedded system manufactured by National Instruments that is used as Platform Control Unit. MATLAB and Simulink software are used for simulations and processing of the collected experimental data.
As a secondary activity, the electrical circuit was realized including both high-power and signal control wiring harness.
The result of the thesis is a working prototype that will be used in a first section of the experimental plant, located at the DISTAL Experimental Center in Cadriano.
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Chen, Hao-Jun, and 陳浩鈞. "Embedded system design of lithium battery gas gauges." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98983706279945243050.
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碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
電機工程學系
96
The article mainly presented the thesis on MCS-51 Embeded system design of LiFePO4 battery gas gauge. Include many hardware units like voltmeter, ammeter, and microcontroller. Learned by experiment on the characteristic of the battery, that prior storage the characteristic parameter into the microcontroller flash ROM, and assist the microcontroller to calculation the capacity of battery. In the research of the characteristic of the battery, through measure and create the characteristic parameter of the battery in advance, and utilize the curve fitting storing in the microcontroller by segment. This method can reduce the device space stored. Besides, the different discharge rate of lithium battery depend on diverse load. Previously estimate can figure out the surplus battery capacity. Once the gas gauge working, the parameters can calculate out remain time under load at present.
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簡國明. "A Battery Management System for Electrical Vehicle based on Embedded System." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78564223840966134067.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
車輛科技研究所
99
This research applies embedded system to design battery management system for electric vehicle use. The different feature of batteries causing the unbalance charge and discharge in the battery structure of traditional electric vehicle, result in decreasing of efficiency and life cycle. Architecture of my dissertation focus on management process for each battery, we monitor each battery under normal voltage range. If one of battery set become abnormal, we’ll isolate it quickly and allow normal battery set to discharge except for the abnormal battery. Above all action will enhance the battery discharging efficiency and life cycle. Our study implement ARM-TDMI-S (Philips LPC2119) to battery management system with Hall Unit, Relay, Switching Power Converter and LiFePO4 Lithium battery. The battery residual capacity measuring methodology using the Open Circuit Voltage to configure the safety voltage range of battery. According to the output voltage of different serial battery set, we can change PWM signal to Switch Power Converter. Finally, our study can automatically apply demanding output power of load. Keyword : Embedded System , LiFePO4, Battery Residual Capacity
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Ke, Pei-ru, and 柯佩汝. "Design of a Portable Battery Information Platform with the Embedded Technologies." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58235353839415377534.
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碩士國立臺南大學
電機工程研究所
99
Many of portable devices, such as mobile phone and notebook, have grown explosively in recent years. The electric power demand of these devices almost relies on small energy storage element. Therefore, the rechargeable batteries have been widely used to power these equipments. Under the concepts, this thesis is aimed to develop a real-time battery information platform with the intelligent energy estimation based on the monitoring and computation of programmable ARM-based system, Labview, and dsPIC micro-controller. In this method, the polynomial function is firstly included through the measurement of output voltage with respect to a certain SOC value. Then using the obtained function of battery intrinsic, a method to estimate residual energy of battery is suggested. The method proposed in this thesis is examined under various scenarios. The results help consolidate the feasibility and practicability of the approach for the applications considered.
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Huang, Yen-Pu, and 黃彥浦. "Flexible microsensor embedded in vanadium redox flow battery for real-time microscopic diagnosis." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70572450280240007747.
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碩士元智大學
機械工程學系
104
Temperature distribution, electrolyte flow rate, voltage, and current play very critical roles in terms of the performance and service life of a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). The fuel delivery of a vanadium redox flow battery uses a pump to deliver electrolyte from the outside to the inside for reaction. Since only external machines can be used to adjust the pump speed so as to control the flow rate of electrolyte, best performance cannot be achieved yet. In terms of the demand of real-time microscopic diagnosis of vanadium redox flow battery, as this work, the researcher hereby proposes that the researcher will use micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) to develop a flexible integrated (temperature, flow, voltage, and current) micro-sensor and embed it inside a vanadium redox flow battery to conduct real-time microscopic sensing and diagnosis. The advantages of this innovative technology include (1) It has small volume; (2) The position of measurement is elastic. And the micro-sensor can be embedded accurately; (3) It is highly accurate and sensitive with short response time; (4) It can be customized in terms of design and development. The flexible integrated micro-sensor can accurately measure the real-time operating conditions inside the vanadium redox flow battery and can feedback internal information in a real-time manner so that the control system of the stack can be adjusted to optimum operating parameters and effectively increase its performance and service life.
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Elvmarker, Simon. "Visualization and simulation of idle truck energy usage : Prediction of battery discharge in a Volvo truck cab." Thesis, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-364028.
Full textAbstract:
Volvo Group Trucks Technology has found a need for a new way to present the battery status and electricity consumption of their on-board batteries in combustion engine trucks. Many battery related issues the drivers are facing could be prevented if a tool was developed that could assist with energy planning in an intuitive way. In many cases, the climate control system will constitute the bulk of the energy supplied by the battery. In addition, the climate system energy demand is dependent on both user settings and factors beyond the driver’s control. This work describes the process of developing a grey-box Simulink model able to predict the battery charge depletion rate based on signals already sampled by many Volvo truck versions. The resulting model is able to estimate the time remaining until the battery state of charge (SOC) is getting close to the crankability (starting engine) limit or risks causing battery damage. The settings of the climate system are shown to have great impact on the battery charge depletion rate. Predicting the time until the battery will reach a critical limit, and adjusting the climate system settings accordingly, can make the difference between the battery charge lasting overnight or not. A way to implement additional influences, such as sunlight, are discussed and recommendations are given.
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(5930459), Wuyang Yu. "A Diaper-Embedded Paper-Based Sensing Platform with On-Board Urine-Activated Battery for Urinary Tract Disease Screening." Thesis, 2019.
Find full textAbstract:
Urinalysis is a common laboratory test used for diagnosis of a variety of systemic and genitourinary diseases. Although, collection of sample for urinalysis is extremely easy, when performed during an office visit, in pediatric and geriatric populations, who use diaper, such collection is not trivial and can result in missing important diagnostic information. For example, urinary tract infections (UTIs), are a major source of morbidity in incontinent elderly with dementia who cannot communicate their symptom to their caregivers. Although most UTIs are easily treatable with antibiotics, if not identified and treated timely, they can cause ascending infection, loss of kidney function, sepsis, and possible death. Deployment of smart, autonomous, diaper-embedded systems that can detect early signs of urinary dysfunction can have a significant impact on healthcare of our rapidly aging population. In this dissertation, I propose a diaper-embedded, low-cost, and disposable sensing platform comprising of a urine-activated battery and sensors for detection of nitrite (a surrogate for UTI), red blood cells (hematuria), and protein (proteinuria). I will first discuss my efforts to develop an optical/colorimetric nitrite sensor and a urine-activated power source, all fabricated on a hydrophobic paper/polymeric substrate through laser-assisted machining and lamination-assembly. The system stays in a dormant state until wetted by urine, after which the on-board power source is activated, awakening the rest of the measurement system (i.e., a light emitting diode, a photodetector, interface electronics, and a low-power Bluetooth module) and transmitting the presence or absence of nitrite in the urine to vicinal caregivers in a point-of-care and autonomous fashion. Thorough characterization of the performance and reliability analysis of the platform are also presented to envision its use as an end product. Afterwards, I will discuss the characterization of sensors, based on similar principle, for detecting red blood cells (hematuria) and protein (proteinuria), and the extendibility of the proposed platform for a multi-parameter system measuring nitrite, blood, and protein in the urine. Finally, I will conclude with other possible applications besides urinalysis for the proposed system.
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Okpako, O., P. I. Adamu, Haile S. Rajamani, and Prashant Pillai. "Optimization of community based virtual power plant with embedded storage and renewable generation." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/11125.
Full textAbstract:
NoThe current global challenge of climate change has made renewable energy usage very important. There is an ongoing drive for the deployment of renewable energy resource at the domestic level through feed-in tariff, etc. However the intermittent nature of renewable energy has made storage a key priority. In this work, a community having a solar farm with energy storage embedded in the house of the energy consumers is considered. Consumers within the community are aggregated in to a local virtual power plant. Genetic algorithm was used to develop an optimized energy transaction for the virtual power plant. The results shows that it is feasible to have a virtual power plant setup in a local community that involve the use of renewable generation and embedded storage. The result also show that when maximization of battery state of charge is considered as part of an optimization problem in a day ahead market, certain trade-off would have to be made on the profit of the virtual power plant, the incentive of the prosumer, as well as the provision of peak service to the grid.
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陳雅萍. "A Robust Switch-mode Li-Ion Battery Charger with Bootstrap Detector and Soft-start Embedded in Type Ⅲ compensation Technique." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32955274556394674647.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
電控工程研究所
100
Bootstrap detector and soft-start embedded in Type Ⅲ compensation are implemented in the switch-mode lithium-ion charger to achieve robustness and high efficiency. Based on the physical properties of the battery cell, the charger charges the cell with three stages, which are trickle current (TC), constant current (CC), and constant voltage (CV) stages [1], [2]. How to deliver power to charge battery in an optimal and safe way is important for fast charging. Switch-mode charger is able to guarantee high efficiency regardless of the applications and provides higher current capability to accelerate charging process. To ensure the stability of both CC stage and CV stage, the switch-mode charger employ one Type Ⅲ compensation circuit to two parallel loop CC loop and CV loop. For applications with removable battery packs, a soft-start mechanism is necessary to ensure the operation of charger system and prevent inrush current whether battery is connected or not. Considering area and cost, two N-type power MOSFETs is adopted in the switch-mode charger. For appropriate turn-on resistance to maintain high efficiency and prevent the power MOSFET to burn out, the gate-source voltage of the N-type power MOSFET should be large enough. The proposed BSD monitors the voltage across the bootstrap capacitor, which is the source applies the high side power MOSFET driving voltage to avoid low efficiency and serous burning problem in both synchronous and non-synchronous charging mode. Furthermore, soft-start embedded in type Ⅲ compensation technique employs the compensation elements and the error amplifier of the type Ⅲ compensation circuit to achieve soft-start function without any external components and auxiliary circuits to greatly minimize the chip and footprint areas.