Academic literature on the topic 'Elsevier Science (Firm)'

Facing the dynamics of global market share, companies are required to have a competitive advantage and be supported by important factors, namely utilizing technology and implementing innovation strategies to be able to create or maintain competitiveness, especially for manufacturing companies. This is also driven by measurable company performance, such as financial performance in several indicators, sales growth, and asset profit measurement, and sales returns. This research will be conducted using a systematic literature review on several research journals on innovation strategy and company performance, using a systematic literature review method. The search for these journals was carried out through electronic databases on several sites such as Mendeley, Elsevier/Sciencedirect, Research Gate, Semanticscholar and Wiley. The articles are searched using Booelan Technique with the keywords used are Innovation and Performance. The dominant methods emerging by researchers to examine the relationship between innovation strategy and firm performance are Regression Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of this study indicate that process innovation and product innovation have a direct influence on company performance. Process innovation and product innovation are those that are considered the most appropriate and have the strongest relationship to financial performance in manufacturing companies.

A ripe fruit rot of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) associated with stink bug (Euschistus conspersus) feeding caused extensive losses in the Sacramento Valley of California in 1998. Portions of several fields were abandoned at harvest due to fruit rot levels >30%. Symptoms included a soft, water-soaked rot often surrounding a firm, dark green island. Entire fruit sometimes became watery and soft. The ascomycetous yeast, Eremothecium coryli, characterized by spindle-shaped ascospores with long, thin, whip-like terminal appendages (1), was consistently isolated from diseased tissue plated on V8 or potato dextrose agar amended with tetracycline. Ripe tomato fruit were inoculated with a 0.1-ml suspension of 1.5 × 105 ascospores per ml injected to a depth of ≈4 mm to simulate stink bug probing. Fruit were placed in plastic containers and, in initial tests, were held at room temperature. In subsequent tests, inoculated fruit were maintained at constant temperatures of 20, 25, 30, or 35°C. Controls included inoculum either placed on the fruit surface or injected with sterilized water. Each treatment consisted of one to four fruit in two to four replications. All experiments were repeated. Lesions were visible within 5 days after inoculation and were >25 mm in diameter after 7 days. Progression of rot occurred at all temperatures but was fastest at 30 and 35°C. Controls remained symptomless. E. coryli was reisolated from infected fruit. This is the first documentation of field-level losses caused by E. coryli associated with stink bug feeding. Isolates are maintained in the Herman J. Phaff Collection of Yeast and Yeast-like Microorganisms at the University of California, Davis. Reference: (1) G. S. de Hoog et al. 1998. Eremothecium Borzi emend. Kurtzman. Pages 201-208 in: The Yeasts—A Taxonomic Study. C. P. Kurtzman and J. W. Fell, eds. Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze business model (BM) and intellectual capital (IC) of a firm with a focus on their common elements. The common bases in the field of strategic management for these two concepts are, among others, resource-based view, knowledge-based view, intellectual capital-based view, dynamic capabilities, and configurational approach. It indicates areas in which these two concepts can benefit from each other, e.g. in classification of components, their configuration, or dynamic approach. This general review examines the following research questions: What are the common concepts for the BM and IC? What are their common components? What does the dynamic approach to IC and BM mean? Design/methodology/approach The Web of Science™ Core Collection database was selected for the period 1975-2014 and the Journal of Intellectual Capital (JIC) indexed in Scopus® (Elsevier) was incorporated into the analysis for the period it had been indexed by Scopus (1990-2015). These databases were selected because they offer a reliable overview of historical data regarding journals, articles, and citation impact. The key filter criteria were the presence of the phrases “business model” or “intellectual capital” in the article title, abstract, and key words in order to narrow down the selection to the most appropriate results for the research area. Findings This paper investigates two concepts from the point of view of their underpinnings in management, definitions, and components, as well as value creation. Analysis of the foundations in management allows the author to present a cohesive model, which depicts a comprehensive approach to analysis of these two concepts. Many common elements have been identified and investigated. Originality/value First, it provides an indication of the common underpinnings of the analyzed concepts within the framework of strategic management and proposals for their development toward resource, knowledge, and IC accumulation, combination and heterogeneity-based views. Second, it presents an analysis of the BM and IC components, showing common elements between them. Third, it provides a description and analysis of dynamic view of BM and IC components in a value creation context.

Introduction: Surfactant is usually deficiency in adult acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients and surfactant administration may be a useful therapy. The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of the effect of surfactant administration on outcomes of adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane database, Elsevier, Web of Science and http://clinicaltrials.gov were searched and investigated until December 2017. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing surfactant administration with general therapy in adult patients with ARDS were enrolled. The primary outcome was mortality (7-10-day, 28-30-day and 90-180-day). Secondary outcome included oxygenation (PaO2/FiO2 ratio). Demographic variables, surfactant administration, and outcomes were retrieved. Sensitivity analyses were used to evaluate the impact of study quality issues on the overall effect. Funnel plot inspection, Egger's and Begger's test were applied to investigate the publication bias. Internal validity was assessed with the risk of bias tool. Random errors were evaluated with trial sequential analysis (TSA). Quality levels were assessed by Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology (GRADE). Results: Eleven RCTs with 3038 patients were identified. Surfactant administration could not improve mortality of adult patients [Risk ratio (RR) (95%CI)) = 1.02(0.93-1.12), p = 0.65]. Subgroup analysis revealed no difference of 7-10-day mortality [RR(95%CI)) = 0.89(0.54-1.49), p = 0.66], 28-30-day mortality[RR(95%CI) = 1.00(0.89-1.12), p = 0.98] and 90-180-day mortality [RR(95%CI) = 1.11(0.94-1.32), p = 0.22] between surfactant group and control group. The change of the PaO2/FiO2 ratio in adult ARDS patients had no difference [MD(95%CI) = 0.06(− 0.12-0.24), p = 0.5] after surfactant administration. Finally, TSA and GRADE indicated lack of firm evidence for a beneficial effect. Conclusions: Surfactant administration has not been shown to improve mortality and improve oxygenation for adult ARDS patients. Large rigorous randomized trials are needed to explore the effect of surfactant to adult ARDS patients.

Traditional heat treatment methods are an integral part of the dairy industry. However, non-thermal methods ensure microbiological safety while preserving nutritional value of the dairy product, as well as improving its technological properties. The article reviews scientific and technical publications on ultraviolet (UV) treatment and its effect on the structure and properties of milk proteins and technological indicators of dairy products. The review includes English and Russian articles published in Scopus, Web of Science, Elsevier, ResearchGate, and Elibrary databases in 2004–2021. Most publications focus on maintaining the microbiological safety of milk and dairy products. Depending on the radiation dose, UV treatment was reported to cause denaturation and aggregation of milk proteins, followed by new cross-links. Conformational changes improve the functional properties of milk proteins, which makes them valuable food ingredients of film coatings and fermented milk products. Electromagnetic treatment polymerizes whey proteins. This property can be used to produce strong film coatings with low vapor permeability. In fermented milk production, UV radiation improves such technological properties of yogurt as viscosity and water-holding capacity. The effect of electromagnetic waves on animal proteins and dairy products remains an understudied area of advanced research.

Purpose Market efficiency suggests that price of the security must reflect its intrinsic value by impounding all the available and accessible information. Asset pricing in capital markets has been an exceptionally dynamic area of scholarly research and is considered as a barometer for assessing market efficiency. This phenomenon was very well explained by several market pricing models and theories over the last few decades. However, several anomalies, which cannot be explained by the traditional asset pricing models due to seasonal and psychological factors, were observed historically. The same has been studied by several researchers over the years and is well captured in the literature pertaining to market asset pricing. The purpose of this paper is to revisit the research studies related to a few asset pricing anomalies, collectively referred to as “calendar anomalies”, such as – day-of-the-week, turn-of-the-month, turn-of-the-year and the holiday effects. In this pursuit, a thorough survey of literature in this area, published over the last 80 years (from 1934 to 2016) across 24 prominent journals, has been made and presented in a comprehensive, structured and chronologically arranged major findings and learnings. This literature survey reveals that the existing literature do provide a great depth of understanding around these calendar anomalies often with reference to specific markets, the size of the firm and investor type. The paper also highlights a few aspects where the existing literature is silent or provides little support leaving a gap that needs to be addressed with further research in this area. Design/methodology/approach The goal of the study requires a comprehensive review of the past literature related to calendar anomalies. As a consequence, to identify papers which sufficiently represent the area of study, the authors examined the full text of articles within EBSCOHost, Elsevier-Science direct, Emerald insight and JSTOR databases with calendar anomalies related keywords for articles published since inception. Further, each article was classified based on the anomaly discussed and the factors used to sub-categorize the anomaly. Once all the identified fields were populated, we passed through another article by constantly updating the master list till all the 99 articles were populated. Findings It is also important to understand at this juncture that most of the papers surveyed discuss the persistence of the asset pricing anomalies with reference to the developed markets with a very few offering evidences from emerging markets. Thus leaving a huge scope for further research to study the persistence of asset pricing anomalies, the degree and direction of the effect on asset pricing among emerging markets such as India, Russia, Brazil vis-a-vis the developed markets. Further, regardless of the markets with reference to which the study is conducted, the research so far appears to have laid focus only on the overall market returns derived from aggregate market indices to explain the asset pricing anomalies. Thus leaving enough scope for further research to study and understand the persistence of these anomalies with reference to various strategic, thematic and sectoral indices in various markets (developed, emerging and underdeveloped countries) across different time periods. It will be also interesting to understand how, some or all of, these established asset pricing anomalies behave over a certain time period when markets move across the efficiency maturity model (from weak form to semi-strong to strong form of efficiency). Originality/value The main purpose of the study entails a detailed review of all the past literature pertinent to the calendar anomalies. In order to explore the prior literature that sufficiently captures the research area, various renowned databases were examined with keywords related to the calendar anomalies under scope of current study. Furthermore, based on the finalized articles, a comprehensive summary table was populated and provided in the Appendix which gives a snapshot of all the articles under the current assessment. This helps the readers of the article to directly relate the findings of each article with its background information.

Este trabalho reune estudos que abordam o tema simulação computacional na segurança contra incêndio, por meio de uma revisão sistemática de literatura. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas de textos completos, disponíveis no portal Periódicos CAPES: SciELO; ScienceDirect (Elsevier); Academic Search Premier – ASP (EBSCO); e Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). O período delimitado na busca de referências foi de 2015 a 2021 pela contemporaneidade do saber científico. Foram localizados 207 documentos, dentre os quais 31 foram mapeados, selecionados e serão discutidos neste estudo. Grande parte dos documentos selecionados são artigos científicos publicados em periódicos, sendo considerados os mais relevantes e com mais citações: Physica A - Statistical Mechanics and its Applications; Fire Safety Journal; e Safety Science. Nos estudos de simulação computacional de evacuação de pessoas, os modelos matemáticos microscópicos são os mais utilizados. Os softwares mais recomendados pela comunidade científica para simulações de evacuação em situação de incêndio são o PyroSim e o Pathfinder. As ferramentas computacionais elencadas podem auxiliar arquitetos e engenheiros na tomada de decisão, frente as diferentes situações e soluções projetuais, sendo um dos desafios recorrentes, tanto para normativas quanto para pesquisas, a determinação do tempo de evacuação de uma edificação em situação de incêndio. Palavras-chave: Evacuação, Rotas de fuga, Saídas de emergência.

Electric vehicles (EVs) are vehicles or automobiles that utilise a single or several electric-based motors, battery packs and collector systems for propulsion. With the paradigm shift to green electricity, EVs are considered major technological innovations that could mitigate GHG emissions from transportation. Despite their potential, EVs have numerous problems ranging from thermal runaways and electric shocks to fire and explosions. Therefore, electric vehicle safety (EVS) has become an important research area with over 5,000 publications to date. Based on data from the Elsevier Scopus database, the PRISMA technique was used to critically examine the research landscape and scientific developments in EVS research from 2006 to 2021. The results revealed 220 published documents comprising conference papers, articles, reviews, and book chapters. Research landscape analysis revealed that Zhenpo Wang, Ming H. Lu and Ming U. Jen are the most prolific authors, whereas the largest funding organisation is the National Natural Science Foundation (NSFC) of China. The findings indicate that EVS research/researchers have received significant financial support and non-monetary resources, which has resulted in numerous scientific developments and published documents over the years. For example, the improvements in the safety and efficiency of Li-ion batteries, along with tackling operational problems such as thermal runaway, electric shock, explosions, and other risks associated with battery damage, are under examination. In conclusion, the study shows that the research impact and scientific developments on EVS research will continue to grow, especially with growing calls to reduce fossil fuel-based energy dependence and GHG emissions from transportation.

This technical note summarizes a technical comparison of common testing procedures, as well as reviewed of the UN Test N` 5, for the assessment of the self-heating properties of cargoes and materials that has shown a clear trend on maritime fire and explosions events, as well as considering of external factors that can combine self-heating and emit flammable gases to conclude in an unlikely event affecting the security of crews and ships. A high understanding of the external factors effect on the cargo materials certainly will help the application of spontaneous reactions management actions (SRMA) on board of ships during the cargo sea passage. The intended comparison is based on laboratory, industry and field observations and data, whereas the among the external factors considered are, moisture content, stockpile procedure and aging, air velocities and moderate pressures internal and externally to the cargo material. The comparison results have shown that the self-heating and the flammable gas emissions has a common pattern when reacting with any oxygen available source, regardless the reactive material chemical composition. Keywords: reactive materials, self-heating, self-ignition, direct reduced iron fines, materials handling, UN test N` 5, maritime safety, spontaneous reactions, risk management. IMSBC Code , IMO. References [1]A. M. DeGennaro, M. W. Lohry, L. Martinelli, C. W. Rowley. Uncertainty Quantification for Cargo Hold Fires. Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. [2]L.L.Sloss Assessing and Managing Spontaneous Combustion of Coals. IEA Clean Coal Center (CCC 259). Oct. 2015. [3].A. Janes, G Marlair, D Carson, j. Chaneausx. Towards the improvement of UN Test N1 5 Method for the characterization of substances which in contact with water emit Flammable Gases. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. Elsevier 2012, 25 (3), pp 524-534. [4]G. Rouget, B. Majidi, D. Picard, G. Gauvin, D. Ziegler, J. Mashreghi, and H. Alamdar. Electrical Resistivity Measurement of Petroleum Coke Powder by Means of Four-Probe Method. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B. Vol. 48B, Oct. 2017-2543. [5]Y. Rubiela Hernández Puerto, M.Triviño Restrepo. El coque metalúrgico aplicado a protección catódica (Metallurgia coque applied to catodic protection). Revista del Instituto de Investigaciones FIGMMG. Vol. 10, Nº 20, 60-67 (2007) UNMSM I. [6]S. Narayan Jha, K. Narsaiah, A.L. Basediya, R.Sharma, P. Jaiswal, R. Kumar, and R. Bhardwaj. Measurement techniques and application of electrical properties for nondestructive quality evaluation of foods—a review. Food Sci Technol. 2011 Aug; 48(4): 387–411. [7]R. Fontes Araujo, J. Batisa Zonta, E. Fontes Araujo, E. Heberle, E, F. Miranda Garcia Zonta. Teste de Conductividade Eletrica para Smentes de Feijao Mungo Verde 1. Rev. Brasikleira de Sementes, Vol. 33, N` 1, pp123/130, 2011. [8]P.A. Eidem. Electric Resistivity of Coke Beds. PhD Thesis. Norwegian University of Science and Technology Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering. Tronheim Oct. 2008. [9]N. Birks, et.al. - Mechanism in Corrosion Induced Auto-ignition of Direct Reduced Iron. Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh. [10]Monitoring Implementation of the Hazardous and Noxious Substances Convention. Report on incidents involving HNS. Submitted by the United Kingdom. IMO 85th Session, Agenda item 5- LEG 85/INF.2, 19 September 2002.

Este artigo busca apresentar a pesquisa que mapeou o desenvolvimento, na literatura, sobre o tema Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção/Hiperatividade (TDAH) e Jogos Digitais, por meio de pesquisa bibliométrica nas bases científicas SpringerLink, ScienceDirect (Elsevier), Scopus (Elsevier), Web of Science - Coleção Principal (Clarivate Analytics), ACM Digital Library, MEDLINE/PubMed (via National Library of Medicine), IEEE Xplore e Compendex (Engineering Village - Elsevier. Para cumprir com esta meta, lançamos mão das diretrizes do protocolo propostas por Ki-tchenham e Charters [12] para realizar o mapeamento sistemático, começando pela identificação da necessidade do estudo, seguido por: formulação da questão de pesquisa, busca dos estudos primários, avaliação de qualidade, extração de dados, síntese e análise dos resultados. Por fim, os principais resultados obtidos na pesquisa comprovam que os jogos digitais conseguem auxiliar no desenvolvimento das funções cognitivas no tratamento do TDAH. Ao fim deste artigo apresentamos a composição de estudos que foram escritos nas línguas portuguesa e espanhola e que serviram de subsídio para extração dos dados utilizados na pesquisa supracitada.

Introdução: O tabagismo é um importante problema de saúde pública, caracterizado como uma doença crônica degenerativa, de caráter mental e comportamental. A cessação do hábito de fumar traz benefícios como normalização da pressão arterial e da frequência cardíaca, melhora da circulação e da respiração, redução do risco de infarto agudo do miocárdio e de acidente vascular cerebral. Objetivo: mapear e identificar fontes de evidências relacionadas às intervenções que, com base em teoria, possam interferir na mudança do comportamento de fumar em adultos. Método: protocolo de revisão elaborado segundo normas do Framework Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) e, norteado pela pergunta: quais são as intervenções baseadas em teoria para mudança do comportamento de fumar em adultos? De acordo com o mnemônico População, Conceito e Contexto (PCC), considerou-se P fumantes com idade superior a 18 anos. Conceito: intervenções que, com base em uma ou mais teorias, poderiam levar alterações no comportamento de fumar e, por fim, o Contexto, em que foram considerados todos os níveis de atenção à saúde. Serão elegíveis artigos originais, que apresentem avaliação da intervenção e que a população alvo seja de fumantes; publicados em inglês, português ou espanhol e, sem restrição relacionada à data de publicação. Serão excluídos estudos que apresentem formas de fumo que não o cigarro; estudos em que a intervenção não foi fundamentada em teoria; estudos de predição e protocolos. A busca será realizada na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Medline (Pubmed), Cochrane, Cinahl, PsycNet, Embase (Elsevier), Web of Science e Scopus. A extração dos dados será feita em formulário pré-definido por dois revisores independentes e, possíveis divergências serão analisadas por um terceiro revisor. Os dados serão apresentados no formato de fluxogramas e diagramas, de acordo com a pergunta de pesquisa e o mnemônico PCC, que possam mapear intervenções direcionadas ao comportamento de fumar em adultos.