Academic literature on the topic 'Elite (Social sciences) – Europe, Eastern'

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Journal articles on the topic "Elite (Social sciences) – Europe, Eastern"

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Bozóki, András. "Theoretical Interpretations of Elite Change in East Central Europe." Comparative Sociology 2, no. 1 (2003): 215–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156913303100418762.

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AbstractElite theory enjoyed a remarkable revival in Central and Eastern Europe, and also in international social science research, during the 1990s. Many researchers coming from different schools of thought turned to the analysis of rapid political and social changes and ended up doing centered research. Since democratic transition and elite transformation seemed to be parallel processes, it was understandable that sociologists and political scientists of the region started to use elite theory. The idea of "third wave" of democratization advanced a reduced, more synthetic, "exportable" understanding of democracy in the political science literature. The main focus of social sciences shifted from structures to actors, from path dependency to institutional choices. Transitions, roundtable negotiations, institution-building, constitution-making, compromise-seeking, pactmaking, pact-breaking, strategic choices — all of these underlined the importance of elites and research on them. Elite settlements were seen as alternatives of social revolution. According to a widely shared view democratic institutions came into existence through negotiations and compromises among political elites calculating their own interests and desires. The elite settlement approach was then followed by some important contributions in transitology which described the process of regime change largely as "elite games." By offering a systematic overview of the theoretical interpretations of elite change from New Class theory to recent theorizing of elite change (conversion of capital, reproduction, circulation, political capitalism, technocratic continuity, three elites and the like), the paper also gives an account of the state of the arts in elite studies in different new democracies of Central and Eastern Europe.
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2

Zimmerman, Andrew. "Race against Revolution in Central and Eastern Europe." East Central Europe 43, no. 1-2 (September 16, 2016): 14–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763308-04302004.

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Racism and racial “science” emerged in Europe as an elite response to a worldwide wave of rural insurgencies that began in the era of the French and Haitian Revolutions and continues, in its own way, to this day. In his dialectic of lord and bondsman, g.w.f. Hegel formulated political, economic, and biopolitical ideas from the uprisings occurring in his world, creating a now long-standing dialogue between dialectical theory, including Marxism, and rural insurgency. Racism was part of a biopolitical counterrevolution that sought to maintain the power of elites over insurgent populations. Here Prussia played a central role, as its struggle against the autonomy of migrant agricultural labors took the form of campaigns against the “Polonization” of Prussia. The social scientist Max Weber theorized this struggle in a series of essays on race and rural labor that produced a racism based on culture rather than biology. This cultural racism, like the insurgent discourses it opposes, persists in many forms in Central Europe and around the world.
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Adam, Frane, Primož Kristan, and Matevž Tomsšič. "Varieties of capitalism in Eastern Europe (with special emphasis on Estonia and Slovenia)." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 42, no. 1 (February 25, 2009): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2009.02.005.

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The authors proceed from the assumption that the institutional and economic efficiency of a particular country (or society) depends on its historic legacy or ‘path-dependence’, strategic interactions of the elite and the impact of the international environment. Estonia and Slovenia are both — not only economically, but also institutionally — perceived as relatively successful and prominent post-communist countries and new members of the EU. Yet they have developed completely different — in some aspects even diametrically opposite — regulative settings and socio-political arrangements. The main emphasis is on the connection between the dynamics and ideological preferences of political actors and the pace of reforms as well as institutional regulations. One can argue that the political elite in Estonia encouraged the shaping of the state in a direction close to the liberal-market model, whereas Slovenia is closer to the corporatist social welfare-state model. In both cases, some dysfunctional effects are evident that represent a new challenge to the elites and, at the same time, a test of their credibility and competence.
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4

Kristóf, Luca. "From Nomenclature To Elite (Shlapentokh, V., Vanderpool, C. and Doktorov, B. eds.: The New Elite in Post-communist Eastern Europe)." Review of Sociology 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2004): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/revsoc.10.2004.1.9.

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5

Serguei Alex. Oushakine. "Introduction: Wither the intelligentsia: the end of the moral elite in Eastern Europe." Studies in East European Thought 61, no. 4 (November 2009): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11212-009-9093-z.

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6

Tesser, Lynn M. "Identity, Contingency, and Interaction: Historical Research and Social Science Analysis of Nation-State Proliferation." Nationalities Papers 47, no. 3 (May 2019): 412–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nps.2018.33.

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AbstractScholars of nation-building and secession tend to prioritize elite or broader nationalist activism when explaining the proliferation of nation-states. Yet, recent historical research reveals a major finding: the influence of great powers tended to eclipse nationalist mobilization for new states in Latin America, the Balkans, Anatolia, and Central and Eastern Europe. Drawing on recent trends in historical research largely unknown in other fields, this article examines context, timing, and event sequencing to provide a new approach to multi-case research on nation-state proliferation. Major power recognition of new states in the Balkans also emerges as transformational for the post-World War I replacement of dynastic empires with nation-states in Europe. These findings suggest a shift of focus to the interplay of nationalist activism and great power policy for explaining the spread of nation-states.
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Markowski, Radoslaw. "Political Parties and Ideological Spaces in East Central Europe." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 30, no. 3 (September 1, 1997): 221–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-067x(97)00006-8.

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This article analyzes the structuring of party systems of four East Central European countries. At the outset an assumption is proposed that the region is by no means homogeneous (as is often treated) but exhibits different levels of ideological articulation and party formation. First, we concentrate on the left-right ideological identities and its' attitudinal-issue correlates as well as the social roots of left-right ideological orientations. The main part deals with socio-political attitudes as predictors of ideological orientations, both on mass and elite level. The results indicate different levels of ideological structuration and political divisions of the party systems in Eastern Europe, which are explained not only by socio-economic factors, but mainly by varying experiences of pre-communist rule, communist governance and pathways to democracy.
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Ágh, Attila. "INCREASING EUPOPULISM AS A MEGATREND IN EAST CENTRAL EUROPE: FROM FACADE DEMOCRACIES TO VELVET DICTATORSHIPS." Baltic Journal of Political Science 5, no. 5 (January 17, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/bjps.2016.5.10334.

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Brexit and Donald Trump’s victory in the 2016 US presidential election has launched a wave of discussions in the international media and political science literature on “authoritarian populism” and a “populist explosion.” Although this paper also reflects on this new wave of populism in the West, it concentrates on the connections between democracy’s decline and the so-called populist explosion in eastern central Europe (ECE) and closely investigates the Hungarian case within the context of ECE. This paper describes populism in ECE as a product of the transition from fading facade democracies to emerging velvet dictatorships. These velvet dictatorships rely on the soft power of media and communication rather on the hard power of state violence. Paradoxically, the ruling anti-elite populist parties have developed a system of populism from above, managed by the new politico-business elite. Populism (social and national) and Euroscepticism are the two most basic, and twin, terms used to describe these new (semi)authoritarian regimes. Populism and Euroscepticism are convertible; they are two sides of the same coin as they express the same divergence from the EU mainstream. Therefore, this paper introduces the term: Eupopulism.
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9

EASTER, GERALD M. "Politics of Revenue Extraction in Post-communist States: Poland and Russia Compared." Political Theory 30, no. 4 (August 2002): 599–627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0090591702030004005.

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Since the late 1990s, a consensus has emerged among scholars of the post-communist transitions that an enfeebled state is not an asset but a liability to a transition economy. Moreover, it is now accepted that underdeveloped fiscal capacity is a leading cause of state weakness in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. This article compares the alternative revenue extraction strategies developed by state leaders in post-communist Poland and Russia. It stresses political institutional constraints to explain why Poland opted for a social pact with labor over household incomes, while Russia developed a system of elite bargaining over corporate profits.
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Kirpichnikov, Ivan. "Integration in Muscovy: The Case of Ryazan Elite." ISTORIYA 13, no. 11 (121) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840023147-0.

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The integration of previously independent political entities into a single political unit was one of the main challenges facing European Medieval and Early modern rulers. The case analyzed in this study is the Ryazan region located in the southern part of Eastern Europe, which was ultimately annexed by the expanding Muscovite state in 1521. The first part of the article covers the main historiographical approaches to the problem of regionalism in the history of Early Modern Russia. The second part is devoted to a discussion of the methodology and results of the prosopographical study of the Ryazan service elite in the end of the 15th — first third of the 17th century. This case is one of the clearest examples of “soft” (non-violent) integration since the annexation of the Grand Duchy of Ryazan was not accompanied by either property confiscation or forced resettlement. The Muscovite government consistently preserved the local social structure. The members of the local elite were often involved in carrying out administrative and military service in their native region. The Ryazan community was significantly transformed by the Oprichnina confiscations, but the old local elite families preserved their traditional position in the local community. The Ryazan elite had a relatively low social status in the Muscovite ruling class hierarchy. The Time of Troubles opened a new page in the history of the Ryazan elite. Ryazan service people securely settled in Moscow, which led to a deep transformation of their career strategies and lifestyles.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Elite (Social sciences) – Europe, Eastern"

1

Tunkis, Peter Jan. "Strength in Numbers: Social Identity, Political Ambition, and Group-based Legislative Party Switching." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524563343963192.

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2

Kuznetsova, Maria. "Adjustment of Families with Children Adopted from Eastern Europe." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2556.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the adjustment of older children and adolescents adopted from Eastern Europe and the impact of their preadoption history and family’s functioning on their adjustment. This is a follow-up study of families first surveyed in 2005 with an addition of new families. One hundred and forty-five families reporting on 194 adopted children (9 to 19 years; 104 girls) participated in this study at Time 2. The project was conducted as an internet-based survey. Parents and adopted children reported on children’s emotional, behavioral and social problems (CBCL and YSR), as well as family environment (FACES-III and PEQ). Children also reported on their attachment to parents (IPPA) and their preoccupation with adoption (ADQ). Results revealed that children adopted as infants or toddlers (18 months and younger) evidenced lower problem behaviors and higher competence scores than children adopted at later ages. History of preadoption abuse and/or neglect also played a role. Children without such history scored better on all problem and competency scales than their peers with reported history of either abuse or neglect. Relationships with the adoptive parents and family environment also contributed to better adjustment in this sample of adopted children. Children from more cohesive families displayed lower levels of internalizing and externalizing problems. Additionally, less conflict between adolescents and their parents was associated with lower levels of these problems. Adolescents with higher attachment levels to their parents self-reported lower internalizing and externalizing problems. Adolescents’ interest in their adoptions is a healthy thing; however, excessive preoccupation was associated with higher levels of internalizing behaviors, such as anxiety and depression. Preoccupation with adoption was not related to externalizing behaviors, as reported by children. This study replicates findings of previous studies of intercountry adoption of children from Eastern Europe. Implications of these findings are discussed.
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3

Erdemir, Burcu. "The Specifity Of The Eastern Enlargement:." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12606138/index.pdf.

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This thesis analyses the Eastern enlargement of the EU in comparison with the past four enlargement rounds, as a result of which it proves that Central and Eastern enlargement (CEE) is a unique experience for the EU. After the fourth enlargement, the EU turned its face to the CEECs, which witnessed unexpected events of a historic nature, with the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. This date symbolises a great change for the CEECs, such as the end of communism, transition to open market economy, democratisation and stability. A special focus is given to the inclusion of the CEECs into the EU necessitating to make adjustments both in the EU and in the CEECs. The specifity of the fifth enlargement derives from all the changes and challenges that it poses to the applicant countries and the Union but also to its neighbours. It concludes that the factors of uniqueness of the Eastern enlargement will strengthen the probability of the inclusion of the future applicants in the Eastern part of the continent. This enlargement is a positive development for the old and the new member states, it is one of the most important &lsquo
political necessities&rsquo
and &lsquo
historical opportunities&rsquo
that the EU is facing since its establishment, because it will not only ensure the unification, stabilisation, security, economic growth and general well-being of the continent but also because it has opened the way of membership to the future possible applicants in the Eastern part of the continent.
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Weber, Thomas. "Our friend "the enemy" : elite education in Britain and Germany before World War I /." Stanford, Calif. : Stanford University Press, 2007. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0715/2007013862.html.

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Weber, Thomas. "Our friend "the enemy" elite education in Britain and Germany before World War I /." Stanford, Calif. : Stanford University Press, 2008. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/122973796.html.

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Tezcan, Seden. "European Union's Relations with South Eastern Europe: A Case Study of Bosnia and Herzegovina&the Implementation of the Stabilisation and Association Process." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2710.

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Since the beginning of the 1990s important changes took place, such as the collapse of Communism and the dissolution of Yugoslavia. Consequently, the European Union (EU) has faced a new agenda in SouthEastern Europe. The EU policies towards this region were not very well coordinated in the first half of the 1990s. From the second half of the 1990s onwards, the EU has become more focused in its policies towards South Eastern Europe. Since 1999, the Stabilisation and Association Process is the new institutional framework of the EU towards this region. The main purpose of the Stabilisation and Association Process is to promote peace, prosperity and stability in this region.

This study aims to explore the EU relations with South Eastern Europe with a single case study of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the implementation of the Stabilisation and Association Process. The main research questions are: What are the main aims and dynamics of the EU’s relations with South Eastern Europe? What are the main problems concerning the implementation of the Stabilisation and Association Process in the case of Bosnia? How do the norms, values and culture of Bosnia affect the implementation of the Stabilisation and Association Process?

The focus of this study is on democratization as an open- ended process. Thus, it is relevant to apply democratization theories, with a focus on the Transition Approach as a theoretical framework. Democratization theories aim to explain how authoritarian regimes change into liberal democratic ones. The transition approach makes a clear distinction between democratic transition and democratic consolidation phases, and identifies the necessary conditions for the success of each phase. New Institutionalism is another theoretical orientation that will be applied to this study. New Institutionalism is used in this study to discuss the concepts of institutional change and democratic governance, and to further study both the formal and informal institutions in Bosnia and how they limit the implementation of the Stabilisation and Association Process.

This study comes up with the conclusion that South Eastern Europe remains one of the priority regions for the EU. The dynamics of EU-South Eastern Europe relations is based on a number of different factors, such as political and economic considerations, concerns about peace, prosperity, and stability at the doorstep of the EU. The implementation of EU policies in this region is related to the debate on the future of the EU as well. The conclusions about Bosnia and Herzegovina point out that the country has moved forward a considerable amount after the 1992-95 Bosnian War. Democracy is beginning to emerge in the country. However, the implementation of the Stabilisation and Association Process is constrained by the complex formal institutional structure as laid out in the Dayton Peace Agreement. Moreover, the informal institutions in Bosnia limit the implementation. For instance, the path-dependent authoritarian legacy of former Yugoslavia, exclusive ethnic nationalism, and distrust among the major ethnic groups in Bosnia are obstacles in front of the effective implementation of the Stabilisation and Association Process. The level of international community involvement in the country is still very intensive. Bosnia has not become a self-sustainable democratic state yet. Strengthening the civil society in Bosnia and Herzegovina and promoting an inclusive civic identity that will lead to the enhancement of democratic values in the country can be recommended as solutions for the current problems of the country.

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Aidukaite, Jolanta. "The Emergence of the Post-Socialist Welfare State - The Case of the Baltic States : Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania." Doctoral thesis, Huddinge : Södertörns högskola, 2004. http://www.diva-portal.org/su/theses/abstract.xsql?dbid=270.

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Akyurek, Engin Ahmet. "Changing Conceptions Of European Identity And Shifting Boundaries." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12604993/index.pdf.

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In the end of the 1980s and in the beginning of the 1990s Europe and the world witnessed the collapse of the Soviet Union. In the mid-1990s the member states of the European Union decided to enlarge the Union towards the Eastern Europe. Thus European integration entered into an unprecedented phase. Integration of the Eastern Europeans with the Western Europe contributed to the debates on the notions of European identity and the idea of Europe. Adherence of the East Europeans to the ideals of the Western European civilization brought up some questions about the changing identities and shifting boundaries of Europe. Various theories deal with the problems of identity in general and European identity in particular. However to a great extent they are limited within a rigid description of self-other relationship. They do not intend to investigate the real motives or purposes behind these transformations of the prevailing identities and shifting of the boundaries of Europe. So, it will be argued that, in order to understand construction/reconstruction process of the new European identity, one should also take into consideration the more dynamic effects on changing European identity and shifting borders of Europe.
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Alpan, Basak. "Changing Conceptions Of." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12605214/index.pdf.

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Departing from the idea of a slippery ideological surface over which the term &ldquo
Europe&rdquo
is conceptualized, which is continuously susceptible to shifts and redefinitions, this thesis is devoted to the attempt to outline the differences between the two ways of the conceptualization of &ldquo
Europe&rdquo
in Central Eastern Europe in two specific periods and political contexts. The first period mentioned is the early 1980s, or pre-1989 period, punctuated with the Central European intellectuals&rsquo
(the so-called dissidents&rsquo
) discourse on the &ldquo
European&rdquo
affiliation of the region-especially in cultural terms. The transformation literature is also mentioned in order to pose the counter-factual arguments of this intellectual strand. The second period mentioned is the late 1990s and early 2000s, where the idea of &ldquo
Europe&rdquo
is identified with the EU and the EU accession. In this respect, Poland and Hungary are chosen as the sample countries for the scrutiny of the second period. Euro-discourses of the political parties and the concept of &ldquo
party-based Euroscepticism&rdquo
are scrutinised. The Polish and Hungarian media and the public opinion are also investigated to understand how and with what references &ldquo
Europe&rdquo
is conceptualised in late 1990s and early 2000s in the political space of Central Eastern Europe. Thus, in this study, the basic claim is that the intense debates and the literature on the &ldquo
Europeanness&rdquo
of Central Europe and on the transition that these countries have to realize in order to be &ldquo
European&rdquo
do not have a substantial basis in the conceptualization of &ldquo
Europe&rdquo
in the current political spaces of Poland and Hungary.
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10

Ozdemir, Burcu. "Enlarging The Eu Further Eastwards: The Prospective Eu Membership Of The Western Balkans." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607408/index.pdf.

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The main aim of this thesis is to analyze EU-Western Balkans relations with regard to the prospective EU membership of the Western Balkans, and to make an analysis of the EU&rsquo
s Western Balkans enlargement strategy and the scope of membership conditionality imposed on the Western Balkans from post Dayton period (1995) to present (2006). This thesis examines how the EU membership conditionality worked in the Western Balkans&rsquo
preparatory stages for pre-accession, and to what extent it is different from the CEE enlargement process. Lastly, considering the discussions on rediscovered absorption capacity and the commitment of EU for further eastward enlargements after the CEE enlargement of 2004, it is looked into whether there has been a shift in EU&rsquo
s Western Balkans strategy. This thesis argues that the dominant factor determining the dynamics of the EU-Western Balkans relations are preferences, priorities and internal dynamics of the EU. The comparison between the CEE&rsquo
s and Western Balkans&rsquo
EU integration process reveals that EU tailored a long term and flexible enlargement strategy with increasing conditionality within SAP framework for the Western Balkans. Hence as long as the EU does not feel a sense of urgency straining the stability and EU integration of the region, a motivation for presenting an immediate enlargement platform will not emerge. In this sense, after the CEE enlargement, EU rediscovered its absorption capacity as a main membership condition and further differentiated the regional countries in terms of their own merits in fulfilling EU&rsquo
s conditionality and standards.
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Books on the topic "Elite (Social sciences) – Europe, Eastern"

1

Best, Heinrich, and Ulrike Becker. Elites in transition: Elite research in Central and Eastern Europe. Opladen: Leske + Budrich, 1997.

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John, Higley, Pakulski Jan 1950-, and Wesołowski Włodzimierz, eds. Postcommunist elites and democracy in Eastern Europe. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998.

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John, Higley, Pakulski Jan, and Wesołowski Włodzimierz, eds. Postcommunist elites and democracy in Eastern Europe. Houndmills, UK: Macmillan Press, 1998.

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Vladimir, Shlapentokh, Vanderpool Christopher K, Doktorov Boris Zusmanovich, and International Conference "The New Elite in the Post-Communist World" (1994 : Michigan State University), eds. The new elite in post-communist Eastern Europe. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1999.

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Janina, Frentzel-Zagórska, Wasilewski Jacek 1945-, and Instytut Studiów Politycznych (Polska Akademia Nauk), eds. The second generation of democratic elites in Central and Eastern Europe. Warsaw: Institute of Political Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2000.

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Elites and politics in Central and Eastern Europe (1848-1918). Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang Edition, an imprint of Peter Lang GmbH, 2014.

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Eliten und zivile Gesellschaft: Legitimitätskonflikte in Ostmitteleuropa. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 2014.

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Eyal, Gil. Making capitalism without capitalists: Class formation and elite struggles in post-communist Central Europe. London: Verso, 1998.

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Mattei, Dogan, and Higley John, eds. Elites, crises, and the origins of regimes. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 1998.

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Bozóki, András. Theoretical interpretations of elite change in East Central Europe. Florence: European University Institute, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Elite (Social sciences) – Europe, Eastern"

1

Donohue, Christopher. "“A Mountain of Nonsense”? Czech and Slovenian Receptions of Materialism and Vitalism from c. 1860s to the First World War." In History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences, 67–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12604-8_5.

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AbstractIn general, historians of science and historians of ideas do not focus on critical appraisals of scientific ideas such as vitalism and materialism from Catholic intellectuals in eastern and southeastern Europe, nor is there much comparative work available on how significant European ideas in the life sciences such as materialism and vitalism were understood and received outside of France, Germany, Italy and the UK. Insofar as such treatments are available, they focus on the contributions of nineteenth century vitalism and materialism to later twentieth ideologies, as well as trace the interactions of vitalism and various intersections with the development of genetics and evolutionary biology see Mosse (The culture of Western Europe: the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Westview Press, Boulder, 1988, Toward the final solution: a history of European racism. Howard Fertig Publisher, New York, 1978; Turda et al., Crafting humans: from genesis to eugenics and beyond. V&R Unipress, Goettingen, 2013). English and American eugenicists (such as William Caleb Saleeby), and scores of others underscored the importance of vitalism to the future science of “eugenics” (Saleeby, The progress of eugenics. Cassell, New York, 1914). Little has been written on materialism qua materialism or vitalism qua vitalism in eastern Europe.The Czech and Slovene cases are interesting for comparison insofar as both had national awakenings in the middle of the nineteenth century which were linguistic and scientific, while also being religious in nature (on the Czech case see David, Realism, tolerance, and liberalism in the Czech National awakening: legacies of the Bohemian reformation. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 2010; on the Slovene case see Kann and David, Peoples of the Eastern Habsburg Lands, 1526-1918. University of Washington Press, Washington, 2010). In the case of many Catholic writers writing in Moravia, there are not only slight noticeable differences in word-choice and construction but a greater influence of scholastic Latin, all the more so in the works of nineteenth century Czech priests and bishops.In this case, German, Latin and literary Czech coexisted in the same texts. Thus, the presence of these three languages throws caution on the work on the work of Michael Gordin, who argues that scientific language went from Latin to German to vernacular. In Czech, Slovenian and Croatian cases, all three coexisted quite happily until the First World War, with the decades from the 1840s to the 1880s being particularly suited to linguistic flexibility, where oftentimes writers would put in parentheses a Latin or German word to make the meaning clear to the audience. Note however that these multiple paraphrases were often polemical in the case of discussions of materialism and vitalism.In Slovenia Čas (Time or The Times) ran from 1907 to 1942, running under the muscular editorship of Fr. Aleš Ušeničnik (1868–1952) devoted hundreds of pages often penned by Ušeničnik himself or his close collaborators to wide-ranging discussions of vitalism, materialism and its implied social and societal consequences. Like their Czech counterparts Fr. Matěj Procházka (1811–1889) and Fr. Antonín LenzMaterialismMechanismDynamism (1829–1901), materialism was often conjoined with "pantheism" and immorality. In both the Czech and the Slovene cases, materialism was viewed as a deep theological problem, as it made the Catholic account of the transformation of the Eucharistic sacrifice into the real presence untenable. In the Czech case, materialism was often conjoined with “bestiality” (bestialnost) and radical politics, especially agrarianism, while in the case of Ušeničnik and Slovene writers, materialism was conjoined with “parliamentarianism” and “democracy.” There is too an unexamined dialogue on vitalism, materialism and pan-Slavism which needs to be explored.Writing in 1914 in a review of O bistvu življenja (Concerning the essence of life) by the controversial Croatian biologist Boris Zarnik) Ušeničnik underscored that vitalism was an speculative outlook because it left the field of positive science and entered the speculative realm of philosophy. Ušeničnik writes that it was “Too bad” that Zarnik “tackles” the question of vitalism, as his zoological opinions are interesting but his philosophy was not “successful”. Ušeničnik concluded that vitalism was a rather old idea, which belonged more to the realm of philosophy and Thomistic theology then biology. It nonetheless seemed to provide a solution for the particular characteristics of life, especially its individuality. It was certainly preferable to all the dangers that materialism presented. Likewise in the Czech case, Emmanuel Radl (1873–1942) spent much of his life extolling the virtues of vitalism, up until his death in home confinement during the Nazi Protectorate. Vitalism too became bound up in the late nineteenth century rediscovery of early modern philosophy, which became an essential part of the development of new scientific consciousness and linguistic awareness right before the First World War in the Czech lands. Thus, by comparing the reception of these ideas together in two countries separated by ‘nationality’ but bounded by religion and active engagement with French and German ideas (especially Driesch), we can reconstruct not only receptions of vitalism and materialism, but articulate their political and theological valances.
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Világi, Aneta, Darina Malová, and Dobrinka Kostova. "Political Science in Central European Democracies Under Pressure." In Opportunities and Challenges for New and Peripheral Political Science Communities, 119–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79054-7_5.

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AbstractThe chapter examines the challenges that six Central European Democracies (Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia) have faced in the development of political science during the last three decades. We argue that political science as a new social science has gone through many structural reforms: it has acquired a relatively well-institutionalised position, gained autonomy and managed to form its identity. Nevertheless, its position is endangered by the erosion of its legitimacy.In this chapter, we show that political science as a new social science in the Central and Eastern Europe region has acquired a relatively stable position. The discipline has gained autonomy and managed to form its own identity, and has shown a capacity to cope with several challenges that have arisen. However, some of the structural reforms, including the commodification of higher education and the proliferation of political science at universities and other teaching institutions, have recently undermined the stability it had previously gained, as it progressively suffers from a loss of public recognition. We argue that the oversimplified, technocratic approaches of governments in recent years have impaired the legitimacy of the social sciences, and of political science in particular. This common trend is observable in all of the selected countries, albeit with certain variations from one country to another.
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Parau, Cristina E. "Introduction: Argument and methods." In Transnational Networking and Elite Self-Empowerment, 1–38. British Academy, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266403.003.0001.

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This chapter defines the monograph's scope of inquiry – to elucidate the origins of Judiciary branch institutions in the newly democratizing countries of Central and Eastern Europe – and sets out its research puzzles: how came the institutional design of the Judiciary to be patterned on always the same transnational template which happens to maximize judicial empowerment to the exclusion of alternatives? And why was it accepted so uniformly across the whole region, despite its obvious drawbacks for the self-interest of the national parliaments called on to ratify it? The thesis of the book is then outlined. Judicial empowerment is explained as the empowerment, in fact, of a new social class, a transnational community networked around elite legal professionals. A literature review critiques some of the most pertinent works in the fields of law, political science, international law, and socio-legal studies, showing the connections between their findings and the instant thesis. The complex methodological approach used herein is finally outlined, consisting of multi-modal research strategies, sources of data, and forms of reasoning: case study and process tracing, Grounded Theory, comparative historical analysis, and logic triangulation.
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Turkowski, Andrzej, and Tomasz Zarycki. "OD PARADYGMATU ZALEŻNOŚCI DO NEOLIBERALIZMU. NIEDOSTRZEŻONA REWOLUCJA W POLSKIM POLU NAUK SPOŁECZNYCH." In Polskie nauki społeczne w kontekście relacji władzy i zależności międzynarodowych, 263–96. University of Warsaw Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323556695.pp.263-296.

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The article focuses on the important but so far little studied phenomenon of the impact that the systemic transformations/transitions in Eastern Europe exerted on the field of social sciences, in the dimension of ideas and scientific theories as well as in the realm of career trajectories of scholars. We examine this phenomenon by analyzing the example of the Polish researchers from various fields of social science who during the communist period formed an informal network of scholars studying underdevelopment in the context of global dependencies. What is shown in particular is the formation of a specific “ecosystem” of researchers and its spectacular disappearance in the wake of global ideological changes and, more locally, of reshuffling within the elites. The presented analysis contributes to the understanding of the functioning of Polish intellectual elites and global transformations of social science.
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Zaviršek, Darja. "Social Work in Eastern Europe." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 795–800. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.28089-6.

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Kingkade, W. W. "Fertility Control: Eastern Europe." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 5525–28. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/02182-3.

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Baydalova, Ekaterina V. "The Must-read of Ukrainian Intellectual Elite: The Magazine «Krytyka» as a Socio-cultural Phenomenon." In Modern Literatures of Central and South-Eastern Europe, 48–64. Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2618-8554.2020.02.

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The study is a review of the Ukrainian magazine «Krytyka» and the publishing house «Krytyka»’s history and a review of its main areas of activity on the Ukrainian last two decades socio-cultural events. The conclusion is made that the articles and the activity of this magazine is very important for the development of the modern Ukrainian humanitarian science.
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"Eastern Europe as a Laboratory for Social Sciences." In After the Soviet Empire, 133–64. BRILL, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004291454_008.

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Rychtařková, J. "Infant and Child Mortality: Central and Eastern Europe." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 7393–98. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/02122-7.

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von Beyme, K. "Revolutions of 1989–90 in Eastern Central Europe." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 13306–10. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/02695-4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Elite (Social sciences) – Europe, Eastern"

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Nikolova, Antoaneta. "Far Eastern spirituality in Europe." In 3rd International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.03.23241n.

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Croitoru, Ion. "THE FLOW OF MENTALITIES IN SOUTH-EASTERN EUROPE." In 2nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2015/b31/s11.095.

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Precup, Mihai. "THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF EASTERN EUROPE FOR PRIVATE EQUITY INVESTORS." In 6th SWS International Scientific Conference on Social Sciences ISCSS 2019. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sws.iscss.2019.1/s03.062.

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Bolotova, U. V., N. G. Bondarenko, I. S. Arakelyan, L. V. Kryukova, and M. B. Yanukyan. "MOUNTAIN ELITE IN CONDITIONS STRENGTHENING OF RUSSIAN POSITIONS ON THE NORTH CAUCASUS." In VII International symposium «Humanities and Social Sciences in Europe: Achievements and Perspectives». Prague: Premier Publishing s.r.o., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29013/vii-symposium-pp-7-6-11.

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Sobierajewicz, Piotr. "THE NEW ERA OF SUSTAINABLE CITIES IN EASTERN EUROPE DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS." In 6th SWS International Scientific Conference on Social Sciences ISCSS 2019. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sws.iscss.2019.5/s19.050.

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Vilkaite-Vaitone, Neringa. "MARKETING COMMUNICATION IN SOCIAL MEDIA: THE CASE OF AIRLINES IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE." In 4th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/15/s05.080.

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Рidhorbunskyi, M. A. "South-eastern influences the formation and establishment of church music in Kievan Rus." In IX International symposium «Humanities and Social Sciences in Europe: Achievements and Perspectives». Viena: East West Association GmbH, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.20534/ix-symposium-9-23-27.

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Jancovicova Bognarova, Kristina. "VENTURE CAPITAL AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF FIRM�S FINANCING IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE." In 2nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2015/b22/s6.073.

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Zayniddinov, T. B. "SPECIFIC INNOVATIVE PEDAGOGICAL IDEAS OF EASTERN MUSLIMENTS ON UPBRINGING, EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITIES." In VII International symposium «Humanities and Social Sciences in Europe: Achievements and Perspectives». Prague: Premier Publishing s.r.o., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29013/vii-symposium-pp-7-27-31.

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Nuhanović, Amra, and Jasmila Pašić. "United Europe – Yes, or no?" In 7th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.07.05043n.

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In recent years, the European Union has been facing a number of challenges that it is finding it increasingly difficult to overcome. Most EU member states are facing a crisis of confidence in Europe and its institutions, and at the same time nationalist political parties and ideas are developing more and more, leading to a weakening of European solidarity. Eastern European countries weakened awareness of the collective interest. The common values that existed until then have become “diluted”, because different understandings of the nature of the state have emerged, as well as different views on international politics. At the same time, support for European integration among citizens has been declining, and fewer and fewer have seen membership as good and can bring significant benefits. Today, the idea of a united EU is in crisis and that is precisely the cause of the crisis the Union is facing.
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