Academic literature on the topic 'Elite paralympic athletes'
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Journal articles on the topic "Elite paralympic athletes"
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Pensgaard, Anne Marte, Glyn C. Roberts, and Holger Ursin. "Motivational Factors and Coping Strategies of Norwegian Paralympic and Olympic Winter Sport Athletes." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 16, no. 3 (July 1999): 238–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.16.3.238.
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This study aimed to compare individual and situational motivational factors and the use of coping strategies among elite athletes with and without physical disabilities. Participants were Norwegian athletes from the 1994 Winter Olympics (n = 69) and Paralympics (n = 30) at Lillehammer. Quantitative data came from questions concerning expectations and satisfactions, and three instruments (Perception of Success Questionnaire, Perceived Motivational Climate Questionnaire, and the COPE Inventory). Qualitative data came from interviews. MANOVA analyses revealed that Paralympic and Olympic athletes had similar motivational profiles, but the Paralympic athletes perceived a more mastery-oriented climate, F(1, 98) = 12.6, p < .001. Both groups used similar types of coping strategies, except that Olympic athletes employed more redefinition and growth strategies, F(1, 97) = 6.72, p < .01. Paralympic athletes were also significantly more satisfied with effort and results. Paralympic and Olympic athletes were significantly different on only 4 of 11 variables.
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Pensgaard, Anne Marte, Tom Henning Oevreboe, and Andreas Ivarsson. "Mental health among elite athletes in Norway during a selected period of the COVID-19 pandemic." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 7, no. 1 (February 2021): e001025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-001025.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of mental health problems and satisfaction with life among different groups of elite athletes during a selected period of the COVID-19 pandemic and examine how COVID-19 related consequences were associated with these variables.DesignCross-sectional data collection during a selected period of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway.Participants378 elite athletes, mean age 26.86 (range 18–59), 159 females and 219 males, divided into Olympic-level and Paralympic-level athletes (n=194) and elite and semielite athletes (n=184).Main outcome measuresHopkins Symptoms Check List − 10; symptoms of anxiety and depression; Bergen Insomnia Scale; Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire Short; Canadian Problem Gambling Index and Satisfaction with Life Scale. In addition, we included specific COVID-19 questions (eg, financial concern, keeping daily routines, perceived coping and motivation).ResultsSymptoms of insomnia (38.3%) and depression (22.3%) were most prevalent within the sample. Symptoms of eating disorders more prevalent among female athletes (8.8% vs 1.4%) while symptoms of gambling problems were higher among male athletes (8.6% vs 1.3%). Olympic and Paralympic athletes reported lower levels of anxiety and depression symptoms than elite and semielite athletes. Financial concerns were associated with an increased risk of mental health problems, while daily routines and perception of coping were associated with less mental health problems and higher satisfaction with life.ConclusionSymptoms of insomnia and depression were the two most common mental health problems reported during this selected phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Elite and semielite athletes reported financial concerns as a risk factor for mental health problems at a larger degree than Olympic and Paralympic athletes.
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Harrington, Shana E., Sean McQueeney, and Marcus Fearing. "Understanding Injury and Injury Prevention in Para Sport Athletes." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 30, no. 7 (September 1, 2021): 1053–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2020-0477.
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Context: Training loads, injury, and injury prevention in the Para sports population has not been well established. Objective: The purpose of this study was to survey elite-level swimming, cycling, and athletic Para sport athletes in the United States who were competing in the 2016 US Paralympic trials to better understand common injuries among athletes in each sport and to determine whether injury prevention programs were being utilized. Design: Cross-sectional, survey study. Setting: The 2016 US Paralympic trials for swimming, cycling, and athletics. Participants: Athletes who competed in swimming, cycling, and/or athletics at the 2016 US Paralympic trials (N = 144; 83 males and 61 females). Main Outcome Measures: Participants completed electronic survey using Qualtrics XM (Qualtrics, Provo, UT) with questions pertaining to average number of hours trained per week, number of cross-training hours performed each week, descriptive information regarding sport-related injuries, pain, whether athletes received treatment for injuries, and descriptive information regarding whether the athletes had participated in an injury prevention program. Results: Over 64% of respondents reported training greater than or equal to 11 hours per week, and 45% of athletes reported spending greater than or equal to 6 hours per week cross-training. Forty-two percent of athletes reported currently having pain with 34% reporting missing a competition because of injury. Only 24% of respondents reported having participated in an injury prevention program. Conclusions: Many Para sport athletes train at similar durations as able-bodied counterparts and have pain that interferes with their ability to train and compete, however, only a small percentage consistently perform injury prevention programs.
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Derman, Wayne, Phoebe Runciman, Esme Jordaan, Martin Schwellnus, Cheri Blauwet, Nick Webborn, Jan Lexell, et al. "High incidence of injuries at the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games: a prospective cohort study of 6804 athlete days." British Journal of Sports Medicine 54, no. 1 (February 22, 2019): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-100170.
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ObjectiveTo describe the epidemiology of sports injury at the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games.Methods567 athletes from 49 countries were monitored daily for 12 days over the Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games (6804 athlete days). Injury data were obtained daily from teams with their own medical support (41 teams and 557 athletes) and teams without their own medical support (8 teams and 10 athletes) through two electronic data capturing systems.Results112 of 567 athletes (19.8%) reported a total of 142 injuries, with an injury incidence rate (IR) of 20.9 per 1000 athlete days (95% CI 17.4 to 25.0). The highest IR was reported for para snowboard (IR of 40.5 per 1000 athlete days [95% CI 28.5 to 57.5]; p<0.02), particularly in the lower limb and head/face/neck anatomical areas. Across all sports at the Games, acute traumatic injuries (IR of 16.2 per 1000 athlete days [95% CI 13.2 to 19.8]) and injuries to the shoulder/arm/elbow complex (IR of 5.7 per 1000 athlete days [95% CI 4.2 to 7.8]) were most common. However, most injuries (78.9%) did not require time loss.ConclusionThe new Paralympic Winter Games sport of Para snowboard requires attention to implement actions that will reduce injury risk. The shoulder was the most injured single joint—a consistent finding in elite para sport.
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Newsome, Laura J., J. P. Barfield, David N. Sallee, Emanuel B. John, and Laurie A. Malone. "Accelerometry and Muscle Fatigue in Elite Paralympic Athletes." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 48 (May 2016): 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000487537.98556.07.
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Wolbring, Gregor, and Brian Martin. "Analysis of the Coverage of Paratriathlon and Paratriathletes in Canadian Newspapers." Sports 6, no. 3 (August 29, 2018): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports6030087.
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From recreational to elite levels, sport has many benefits for disabled people. At the same time, it is acknowledged that there is a trickle-down problem from para-elite sport to sport participation of disabled people, in general. Newspapers are one form of media that sets agendas and influences public opinion. Many studies have highlighted problematic aspects of parasport and para-athlete coverage in newspapers. Paratriathlon was one of two new events added to the Paralympics in Rio 2016, which increased its visibility in the public domain. We investigated the coverage of paratriathlon and paratriathletes in 300 Canadian newspapers using the ProQuest database Canadian Newsstream as a source, and utilizing a descriptive quantitative and a qualitative thematic content analysis. The main themes evident in the reporting on paratriathlon and paratriathletes, in the three hundred Canadian newspapers we covered, were the supercrip imagery of the para-athlete, personal stories mostly linked to the supercrip imagery, and the theme of able-bodied athletes in juxtaposition to the para-athletes. Using the lens of the four legacy goals of the International Paralympic Committee, we conclude that our findings are detrimental to the fulfillment of the four legacy goals.
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Silva, Marilia Magno e., James Bilzon, Edison Duarte, Jose Gorla, and Roberto Vital. "Sport Injuries in Elite Paralympic Swimmers With Visual Impairment." Journal of Athletic Training 48, no. 4 (July 1, 2013): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-48.4.07.
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Context: Visually impaired athletes sustain overuse injuries in the lower limbs, but the pattern of injuries may vary according to the sport. The characteristics of sports injuries in visually impaired swimmers are unknown. Objective: To determine the characteristics and epidemiologic measures (prevalence, clinical incidence, and incidence rate) of sports injuries in visually impaired elite national swimmers and to assess differences among visual classes and between sexes. Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting: International Paralympic competitions held between 2004 and 2008. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-eight elite, visually impaired swimmers (19 males, 9 females) from the Brazilian Paralympic Team participated in this study. Twelve were visual class S11 (blind swimmers), 12 were S12 (low-vision swimmers), and 4 were S13 (low-vision swimmers). Intervention(s): A standardized report form was used to collect data during 5 competitions. This was endorsed by 2 Brazilian sports governing bodies. Main Outcome Measures: The characteristics, prevalence, clinical incidence, and incidence rate of injuries were calculated. Results: Eighteen athletes reported 41 sports injuries, with a prevalence of 64%, clinical incidence of 1.5 injuries per athlete, and an incidence rate of 0.3 injuries per athlete per competition. Overuse injuries (80%) were more frequent than traumatic injuries (20%). The clinical incidence and prevalence varied according to sex and visual class, but no statistical differences were observed (P > .05). The highest proportion of injuries was in the trunk (46.34%), followed by the upper limbs (34.15%). The shoulders (29.27%) were most affected, followed by the thoracic (21.95%) and lumbar spine (17.07%). Spasm (36.59%) was the most frequent diagnosis, followed by tendinopathy (26.83%). Conclusions: Visually impaired swimmers had a relatively high proportion of overuse injuries, predominantly associated with muscle spasm in the spine and tendinopathy in the shoulders. No differences were apparent in injury prevalence and clinical incidence among visual classes or between sexes.
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Aitchison, Beth, Andrew Soundy, Paul Martin, Alison Rushton, and Nicola R. Heneghan. "Lived experiences of social support in Paralympic swimmers: A protocol for a qualitative study." BMJ Open 10, no. 9 (September 2020): e039953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039953.
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IntroductionOver the past decade, there has been an increase in awareness of and investment into disability sport as a result of the ‘Paralympic Movement’. The provision of personal and professional support to elite athletes is important for the well-being and success of the athlete, with various studies advocating a holistic approach to performance enhancement. However, little is known about social support experiences in elite para-swimming. Swimming is a popular Paralympic sport and the British para swimmers have been very successful in recent years, most recently winning 47 medals at Rio 2016. This study will be the first to explore the lived experiences of British Paralympic swimmers with respect to the personal and professional support available, perceived use of the support network and the influence it has on well-being and performance.Methods and analysisA hermeneutic phenomenological study will be undertaken using a subtle-realist paradigmatic view. A purposive sample of British Paralympic swimmers will be recruited to enable exploration of social support experiences. In-depth semistructured interviews will explore participants’ experiences of being an elite para-athlete, their support network, the social support available and how they perceive it relates to their well-being and performance. Strategies including reflexivity and member checking will be used to ensure trustworthiness. Data will be analysed following the Framework Method; a seven-stage process used for qualitative data analysis.Ethics and disseminationThis study has ethical approval (ERN_20–0344) granted by the University of Birmingham in April 2020. The findings of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated to key stakeholders in elite para-sport to inform support services and improve athlete well-being and performance.
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Marín-González, Fabián Humberto, Iago Portela-Pino, Juan Pedro Fuentes-García, and María José Martínez-Patiño. "Relationship between Sports and Personal Variables and the Competitive Anxiety of Colombian Elite Athletes of Olympic and Paralympic Sports." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (June 24, 2022): 7791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137791.
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Background: Anxiety is one of the most complex and the most studied constructs in psychology, and it is extremely frequent in high-level sportsmen and women. The main goal was to study the influence of sex, age, type of sport, sport modality, other professional occupation, and competitive level on the competitive anxiety symptoms and self-confidence of elite athletes. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with Colombian elite athletes who were members of the “Support to the Excellence Coldeportes Athlete” program. The total population studied included 334 Colombian elite athletes: mean age 27.10 ± 6.57 years old with 13.66 ± 6.37 years practicing his/her sports modality. The precompetitive anxiety symptoms of the participants were assessed using the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory—2R (CSAI-2R). Results: Men showed higher levels of self-confidence than women. Younger athletes had a higher cognitive and somatic anxiety. The athletes of individual sports had a higher mean somatic anxiety than those of collective sports. The higher-level athletes had lower values of cognitive and somatic anxiety and higher levels of self-confidence. Finally, the values of anxiety symptoms positively correlated with each other, and negatively correlated with self-confidence. Conclusion: Individualised psychological intervention programs adapted to elite athletes are needed, considering the divergent results found in various variables of scientific interest.
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Barfield, JP, Laura Newsome, David Sallee, Emmanuel John, Laurie Malone, and Chris Frames. "EMG Assessment of Muscle Fatigue in Elite Paralympic Athletes." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 47 (May 2015): 419–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000477574.25228.c8.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Elite paralympic athletes"
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de, Haan Donna. "Evaluating the experience of the Olympic and Paralympic Games in the career histories of elite equestrian athletes." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/17384.
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Equestrian sport has been present on the Modern Olympic programme since 1900 with Para-Equestrian Dressage making its debut at the 1996 Paralympic Games. Due to the combined governance of Olympic and Paralympic versions of the sport, the mixed gender of competition and the potential age range of competitors, equestrian sport provides an opportunity through which to understand a unique context of athlete experience. This thesis has sought to identify and evaluate athlete experience within the context of the Olympic and Paralympic Games and to place this experience within the wider career histories of members of the British Equestrian Team. This study utilised a combination of a systematic literature review methodology and ethnographic data collection and analysis with a critical realist approach, creating a framework that values interpretive insights into how the subjects perceive and construct their world whilst at the same time considering ways in which the literature and individual subjects identify, comment on, and frame the reality of the world of equestrian sport. This study has resulted in the emergence of six themes pertaining to experiencing the games; equestrian sporting culture, identity, values, challenges, performance support and success. Results show many similarities and shared experiences for both the Olympic and Paralympic equestrian athletes. The differences regarding the lived experience for these athletes are predominantly associated with the development of the sport, the relative short Paralympic history of equestrian sport in comparison to the Olympic disciplines, and the place of the Games in the context of the riders career histories. Recognising and understanding the kinds of satisfactions and challenges that individuals experience, the significant features of their athlete identity, and the structural constraints and opportunities of their environment may help identify and design the services and provision required to support the athletes through this elite sporting experience.
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Constantinou, Demitri. "Profiles of illness and injury among South African elite athletes with disability at the 2012 Summer Paralympic Games." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22788.
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Epidemiological data is important to better understand injury and illness patterns in para athletes. Medical teams used a web-based injury and illness surveillance system (WEB-IISS system) to all the para-athlete injuries and illnesses during the 2012 London Paralympic games. All team physicians could access the system at any time to log data, providing a vast database for potential research. The relative ease of data collection permits large amounts of data to be analysed, providing important surveillance data on injury and illness. Data on the South African para-athletes, provided by the team's Chief Medical Officer, were assessed and compared to all countries. This study aimed to describe the illness and injury profiles in South African elite paraathletes who participated in the 2012 Summer Paralympic Games; and compare these profiles to data from the other countries that participated. A retrospective sub-analysis of the data-set collected from a large prospective study of injury and illness at the London Summer Paralympic Games in 2012 was compared to data collected on all para-athletes from input by team physicians into the WEB-ISS system. In total, 62 South African para-athletes presented with 19 injuries, with an injury rate of 21.9 per 1000 athlete days. Twenty-five para-athletes presented illness, with an illness rate of 28.8 per 1000 athlete days. The overall injury and illness rate in the South African para-athletes was higher than the injury and illness rate in all para-athlete participants at the London Paralympic Games. The anatomical distribution of injuries (lower limbs, axial and upper limbs) and the nature of illness (respiratory, skin & subcutaneous and digestive systems) were however similar. Causative factors are not evident and need to be further studied. Increased efforts in injury and illness surveillance and preventative programmes should be employed to reduce the incidence of injury and illness, and their severity . Such efforts in para-athlete care should be ongoing with surveillance to monitor and manage trends to ensure the culmination of Paralympic competition does not result in high rates of injury and illness. Education of healthcare providers, para-athletes, coaches and others in the management of para-athletes, is key.
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Hsu, Li-Hui, and 許麗蕙. "A Qualitative Study of Elite Paralympic Athletes’ Motivation in Sport Participation." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12916113272547788201.
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碩士國立體育大學
教練研究所
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Disability sport was for the purpose of leisure and health when it’s at early stage of development in Taiwan. With increasing population and upgrading skills in sport, it gradually expanded to competitive sport. Athletes with physical disability in Taiwan had outstanding performance in paralympic games. What reason makes them invest in sport and devote so much? The purpose of this study was to investigate the elite paralympic athletes’ motivation in sport participation. Qualitative research method was adopted in this study and in-depth interview was the main source of information collection. A purposeful sampling was used to select the athletes who won prizes in 2008 Beijing paralympic games. Data obtained from the interviews were analyzed and organized with the concept of grounded theory. The results were as following: the elite paralympic athletes’ motivation in sport participation were categorized into 5 categories: “social motivation”, “self-enrichment”, “self-esteem enhancement”, “sport experience”, and “social support”, which included the 15 subcategories: social mission, social interaction, entertainment, interest, self-concept, self-efficacy, achievement motivation, physical and mental integrity, comprehension in sport, expand the views, introduced by others, significant others, association promotion, and policy encouragement. Through sport participation, they improved their body function, built better interpersonal relationship, adopted new views and attitude of life, learned how to look upon all things smoothly, possessed positive attitude, and expanded their views by travelling abroad for competition. They identified themselves with what they did and hoped to improve negative stereotype for the physical disabled in the society. During the process, the problem of living made them hesitate whether they should continue participate sport or not. But once they thought that the uppermost goals hasn’t been fulfilled yet and together with the supports and encouragements from the families, the coach, and related personnel, and their own passion for sport, all of these help them keep positive and gain the courage to face the challenges. The goal for the future was to represent the country and win an honor. At present, they were worried about the population fault in disability sport, and the respondents hoped that their efforts and persistence will catch somebody’s eyes, bring some interest, and then pass them down. All of above were the reasons for persisting in sport participation. Based on the research findings, further descriptions and discussions were made. Suggestions were also provided for the future development of related personnel in this area.
Books on the topic "Elite paralympic athletes"
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Gajdos, Anton. Osobnosti slovenského športu, 1896-2010: Slovak elite athletes : Olympians and Paralympians, 1896-2010. 2nd ed. Martin: Matica slovenská, 2010.
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Martin, Jeffrey J. Coaching. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190638054.003.0012.
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The purpose of this chapter is to examine research on disability sport coaching. Many athletes with disabilities receive no or very minimal coaching, although elite athletes (e.g., Paralympians) from wealthy countries usually have the benefit of good coaching during the Paralympics and at national training camps. The chapter first documents the history of coaching in disability sport and notes some negative outcomes of self-coaching. Coaches’ attitudes toward disability sport are addressed, which are mostly positive but colored by inexperience, a lack of knowledge about disability conditions, and how various impairments influence sport performance. Coaches face various challenges, such as trying to understand when impairments hamper training or when inadequate training might be the result of fatigue, lack of skill or knowledge, or lack of effort. Positive athlete outcomes stemming from effective coaching are discussed. such as reduced anxiety and enhanced confidence. Finally, effective disability sport coaching practices are reviewed.
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Zetaruk, Merrilee, and Shareef F. Mustapha. Exercise, physical activity, and children with physical or intellectual disabilities. Edited by Neil Armstrong and Willem van Mechelen. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757672.003.0028.
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Many physical and psychological benefits of exercise and sport participation exist for blind or deaf children, as well as children with disabilities such as cerebral palsy, myelomeningocoele, spinal cord injury, and amputations. There are also a number of challenges these children must face in these endeavours. It is important to understand the injuries to which children with disabilities are predisposed and general strategies for prevention. Some adaptations via adjustments in rules and use of specialized wheelchairs and prosthetic devices allow participation in a more diverse range of athletic activity for this population. Many opportunities exist for children with disabilities, including Down syndrome and other intellectual disabilities, to participate in sports at a local or recreational level, all the way to the elite level in the Paralympic Games and Special Olympic World Games. It is important that health professionals become familiar with the unique challenges faced by these individuals.
Book chapters on the topic "Elite paralympic athletes"
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Swartz, Leslie. "Mental Health in Paralympic Athletes." In Mental Health Care for Elite Athletes, 215–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08364-8_23.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Elite paralympic athletes"
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Binns, Jonathan R., Mark Habgood, Norman R. Saunders, Paula Cunningham, and John Mooney. "The Use of Sailing Simulation to Increase Participation." In SNAME 20th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium. SNAME, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/csys-2011-013.
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Virtual Sailing (VS) has been producing the world’s only ride-on sailing simulator for 10 years. Based on fundamental principles of sailing dynamics the underlying simulation has shown great robustness permitting significant R&D to be performed and retrofitted to existing simulators. The initial intention of the VSail-Trainer was for fitness training and physiological evaluation of elite athletes. Although this has shown promise, with four sailors at the recent Olympics using and praising the simulator as a useful tool for fitness training, tactics and strategy development, the real value in terms of human interaction with sailing has been shown in recent years to be in introducing novice sailors to sailing. Perhaps the most exciting area that the simulator is finding extended use is in rehabilitation of spinal injury patients. For a recent spinal cord injury (SCI) patient the thought of getting into a small sailing boat must be daunting. However, combined with simulation hours the jump from wheelchair to water is becoming quite successful, with one recent participant transferring from simulator to on water sailing within 6 months and has recently been selected for the Skud 18 world championships in July 2010 and then qualifying her country (New Zealand) to compete in the 2012 Paralympics. The essential ingredients for the success of this simulator are: its level of immersion and the degree of active involvement of the participants. As sailing is a complex interaction of cognitive, motor and perceptual skills, the correct balance of immersion and interaction is crucial to an effective simulation. This paper will describe why the VSail-Trainer might just have this balance right.