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Academic literature on the topic 'Élément de basculement'
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Journal articles on the topic "Élément de basculement"
Mingous, Gautier. "La nouvelle et le massacre." Revue d'histoire du protestantisme 7, no. 3 (October 24, 2022): 391–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.47421/rhp7_3_391-413.
Full textGarrouste, Clémentine, and Elsa Perdrix. "L’effet de la retraite sur la santé." médecine/sciences 36, no. 12 (December 2020): 1181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2020225.
Full textSALL, Alioune. "Relations intra et intergénérationnelles en Afrique : apprendre à vivre ensemble." Trayectorias Humanas Trascontinentales, no. 11 (November 4, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.25965/trahs.4076.
Full textGillain, Nathalie. "François Bon, ou le désir de construire un livre « comme une ville »." Phantasia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/0774-7136.1158.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Élément de basculement"
Chemison, Alizée. "Impacts d'une déstabilisation des calottes polaires sur le climat et les maladies vectorielles au XXIème siècle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASJ007.
Full textMosquitoes, major vectors of diseases, are sensitive to rainfall which is necessary for their immature aquatic stages, and to temperature which affects their development and life cycle dynamics. Climate change can therefore impact the transmission of vector-borne diseases such as malaria, the world's major parasitic disease causing over 600,000 deaths per year, and Rift Valley Fever (RVF), a zoonotic disease decimating herds, causing health risks and catastrophic economic losses in Africa.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report provides climate scenarios for the 21st century with different standard greenhouse gas emission scenarios, named Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP). By 2080, the risk of malaria transmission is estimated to decrease in the Sahel region and to increase in the East African Plateau as a result of rising temperatures under the RCP8.5 scenario. Although paleoclimate studies show that melting ice sheet can induce abrupt climate change, state of the art IPCC future projections do not consider such a potential rapid destabilisation of polar ice sheets. However, the West Antarctic and Greenland ice sheet are vulnerable to climate change and even a partial melting would cause major climatic changes, even in tropical regions. No study has yet quantified the impact of an abrupt melting of the ice sheets on the distribution of malaria and RVF. This work is based on future climate numerical simulations using the coupled global climate model IPSL-CM5A-LR with RCP8.5 as radiative forcing. Simulations of freshwater release, corresponding to the accelerated and partial melting of the polar ice sheets, were carried out with different melting assumptions:- for Greenland, a freshwater flux equivalent to a global sea level rise of 0.5m, 1m, 1.5m and 3m is released into the North Atlantic;- for Antarctica, a quantity of freshwater equivalent to a global sea level rise of 3m is released off its western part.These continuous water inputs are prescribed from 2020 to 2070.This study showed that the oceanic and atmospheric impacts of a partial melting of Greenland are stronger on the global climate, and particularly on monsoons, than those associated with the melting of West Antarctica, probably due to the effect of the circumpolar current. Subsequently, only scenarios considering a partial melting of Greenland were used to study their impacts on malaria. Simulated and/or observed temperature and precipitation were used to drive mathematical models of malaria transmission risk. Five mathematical malaria models were used. An accelerated melting of Greenland leads to a southward shift of the American and African monsoons. Malaria risk increases in southern Africa, decreases in the Sahel and increases moderately on the East African Plateau.For the study of RVF, the Liverpool Rift Valley Fever (LVRF) model was validated at country scale by comparing simulations driven by observed daily temperatures and rainfall from climate reanalyses with different health data sets. Then, a potential correlation between simulated RVF transmission risk and the main regional climate variability modes (ENSO and DMI) is shown over the Rift African region. The model correctly reproduces RVF epidemics in Kenya, Somalia and Zambia, and to a lesser extent in Senegal and Mauritania. RVF risk increases over the epidemic areas in East Africa during the El Niño phenomenon
Amor, Achref. "Actionnement des poutres bistables : modélisations statique et dynamique, optimisations et études expérimentales." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS013.
Full textThe work carried out during this thesis focused on the study of the behavior of a bistable buckled beam subjected to several types of actuations. The static and dynamic aspects of switching mecanism are analyzed. The kinematic model used is the Elastica model. This latter is adapted to take into account deformations, displacements and rotations of significant amplitudes. In addition, the extensible nature of the beam is considered. The static part is devoted to the study of bifurcation diagrams for three types of actuations: ponctual force, piezoelectric elements and Laplace forces. For each of these technologies, an optimization procedure is implemented. At the end of the static part, experimental tests are carried out. They made it possible to validate the model in the case of actuation via Laplace forces. In the dynamic part a new model is developed to simulate the dynamic behavior of the beam. This model taking into account three modes of buckling. We excited the beam via a sinusoidal point force. The influence of several parameters on the response of the beam is discussed. In particular, we established that bringing the beam into resonance reduces the switching force. In addition, the analysis of the diagrams of the Poincaré sections allows us to understand the origins of the chaotic behavior of the beam. Experimental tests were carried out at the end of the dynamic part in order to validate the model. The results issued from these studies are used to design a new technology for actuating Braille devices. This technology is based on bistable beams. The possibility of actuating these structures via electromagnetic forces and via piezoelectric elements is discussed