Relevant bibliographies by topics / Element activation

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Element activation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 23 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Element activation"

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Mastick, G. S., and S. B. Scholnick. "Repression and activation of the Drosophila dopa decarboxylase gene in glia." Molecular and Cellular Biology 12, no. 12 (December 1992): 5659–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.12.12.5659.

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Glial expression of the Drosophila dopa decarboxylase gene (Ddc) is repressed by a regulatory region located approximately 1 kb upstream of the transcriptional start site. We have used in vitro mutagenesis and germ line transformation to determine which elements within the Ddc promoter mediate repression. Our evidence suggests that the hypodermal cell activator elements IIA and IIB play a major role in the transcriptional regulation of Ddc in glial cells. A variety of mutations demonstrate that element IIA is a strong glial activator element and that element IIB is necessary for glial repression. Although these two regulatory elements are nearly identical in sequence, our data suggest that they are not redundant. Altering the wild-type number and spacing of elements IIA and IIB indicates that the wild-type arrangement of this repeat is critical for repression. We conclude that these key elements of the Ddc promoter regulate both activation and repression in glia.
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Mastick, G. S., and S. B. Scholnick. "Repression and activation of the Drosophila dopa decarboxylase gene in glia." Molecular and Cellular Biology 12, no. 12 (December 1992): 5659–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.12.12.5659-5666.1992.

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Glial expression of the Drosophila dopa decarboxylase gene (Ddc) is repressed by a regulatory region located approximately 1 kb upstream of the transcriptional start site. We have used in vitro mutagenesis and germ line transformation to determine which elements within the Ddc promoter mediate repression. Our evidence suggests that the hypodermal cell activator elements IIA and IIB play a major role in the transcriptional regulation of Ddc in glial cells. A variety of mutations demonstrate that element IIA is a strong glial activator element and that element IIB is necessary for glial repression. Although these two regulatory elements are nearly identical in sequence, our data suggest that they are not redundant. Altering the wild-type number and spacing of elements IIA and IIB indicates that the wild-type arrangement of this repeat is critical for repression. We conclude that these key elements of the Ddc promoter regulate both activation and repression in glia.
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Fedoroff, N. "The heritable activation of cryptic Suppressor-mutator elements by an active element." Genetics 121, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 591–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/121.3.591.

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Abstract A weakly active maize Suppressor-mutator (Spm-omega) element is able to heritably activate cryptic Spm elements in the maize genome. The spontaneous activation frequency, which is 1-5 x 10(-5) in the present genetic background, increases by about 100-fold in the presence of an Spm-omega and remains an order of magnitude above the background level a generation after removal of the activating Spm-omega. Sectorial somatic reactivation of cryptic elements can be detected phenotypically in kernels. Selection of such kernels constitutes an efficient selection for plants with reactivated Spm elements. Analysis of the reactivation process reveals that it is gradual and proceeds through genetically metastable intermediates that exhibit different patterns of element expression during plant development. Newly reactivated elements tend to return to an inactive form. However, the probability that an element will remain in a heritably active state increases when the element is maintained in the presence of an active Spm element for several generations.
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Dilchert, Katharina, Thorsten Scherpf, and Viktoria H. Gessner. "Carbenoid‐Mediated Formation and Activation of Element‐Element and Element–Hydrogen Bonds." European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2020, no. 43 (November 5, 2020): 4111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejic.202000860.

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Aoki, Yutaka, Thomas Braun, David Davies, Odile Eisenstein, Ian Fairlamb, Natalie Fey, Mike George, et al. "Understanding unusual element-element bond formation and activation: general discussion." Faraday Discussions 220 (2019): 376–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9fd90071c.

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Frost, Bess E., Wenyan Sun, Hanie Samimi, and Habil Zare. "JUMP AROUND, JUMP AROUND: TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT ACTIVATION IN NEURODEGENERATIVE TAUOPATHY." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2178.

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Abstract Transposable elements, or “jumping genes,” constitute ~45% of the human genome. We have identified transposable element activation as a key mediator of neurodegeneration in tauopathies, a group of disorders that are pathologically defined by deposits of tau protein in the brain. Cellular defenses that limit transposable element mobilization include 1) formation of silencing heterochromatin and 2) generation of piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that clear transposable element transcripts. Using genetic approaches in Drosophila models of tauopathy, we find evidence for a causal relationship between tau-induced heterochromatin decondensation and piRNA depletion, transposable element mobilization, and neurodegeneration. 3TC, an FDA-approved inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, suppresses transposable element mobilization and neuronal death in tau transgenic Drosophila. We detect a significant increase in transcripts of the human endogenous retrovirus class of transposable elements in postmortem human Alzheimer’s disease brains. Our data identify transposable element activation as a conserved, pharmacologically targetable driver of neurodegeneration in tauopathy.
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Drazinic, C. M., J. B. Smerage, M. C. López, and H. V. Baker. "Activation mechanism of the multifunctional transcription factor repressor-activator protein 1 (Rap1p)." Molecular and Cellular Biology 16, no. 6 (June 1996): 3187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.16.6.3187.

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Transcriptional activation in eukaryotic organisms normally requires combinatorial interactions of multiple transcription factors. In most cases, the precise role played by each transcription factor is not known. The upstream activating sequence (UAS) elements of glycolytic enzyme genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are excellent model systems for the study of combinatorial interactions. The yeast protein known as Rap1p acts as both a transcriptional repressor and an activator, depending on sequence context. Rap1p-binding sites are found adjacent to Gcr1p-binding sites in the UAS elements of glycolytic enzyme genes. These UAS elements constitute some of the strongest activating sequences known in S. cerevisiae. In this study, we have investigated the relationship between Rap1p- and Gcr1p-binding sites and the proteins that bind them. In vivo DNA-binding studies with rap1ts mutant strains demonstrated that the inability of Rap1p to bind at its site resulted in the inability of Gcr1p to bind at adjacent binding sites. Synthetic oligonucleotides, modeled on the UAS element of PYK1, in which the relative positions of the Rap1p- and Gcr1p-binding sites were varied prepared and tested for their ability to function as UAS elements. The ability of the oligonucleotides to function as UAS elements was dependent not only on the presence of both binding sites but also on the relative distance between the binding sites. In vivo DNA-binding studies showed that the ability of Rap1p bind its site was independent of Gcr1p but that the ability of Gcr1p to bind its site was dependent on the presence of an appropriately spaced and bound Rap1p-binding site. In vitro binding studies showed Rap1p-enhanced binding of Gcr1p on oligonucleotides modeled after the native PYK1 UAS element but not when the Rap1p- and Gcr1p-binding sites were displaced by 5 nucleotides. This work demonstrates that the role of the Rap1p in the activation of glycolytic enzyme genes is to bind in their UAS elements and to facilitate the binding of Gcr1p at adjacent binding sites.
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Wu, T. J., G. Monokian, D. F. Mark, and C. R. Wobbe. "Transcriptional activation by herpes simplex virus type 1 VP16 in vitro and its inhibition by oligopeptides." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 5 (May 1994): 3484–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.5.3484.

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VP16 is a herpes simplex virus (HSV)-encoded transcriptional activator protein that is essential for efficient viral replication and as such may be a target for novel therapeutic agents directed against viral gene expression. We have reconstituted transcriptional activation by VP16 in an in vitro system that is dependent on DNA sequences from HSV immediate-early gene promoters and on protein-protein interactions between VP16 and Oct-1 that are required for VP16 activation in vivo. Activation increased synergistically with the number of TAATGARAT elements (the cis-acting element for VP16 activation in vivo) upstream of the core promoter, and mutations of this element that reduce Oct-1 or VP16 DNA binding reduced transactivation in vitro. A VP16 insertion mutant unable to interact with Oct-1 was inactive, but, surprisingly, a deletion mutant lacking the activation domain was approximately 65% as active as the full-length protein. The activation domains of Oct-1 were necessary for activation in reactions containing the VP16 deletion mutant, and they contributed significantly to activation by full-length VP16. Addition of a GA-rich element present in many HSV immediate-early gene enhancers synergistically stimulated VP16-activated transcription. Finally, oligopeptides that are derived from a region of VP16 thought to contact a cellular factor known as HCF (host cell factor) and that inhibit efficient VP16 binding to the TAATGARAT element also specifically inhibited VP16-activated, but not basal, transcription. Amino acid substitutions in one of these peptides identified three residues that are absolutely required for inhibition and presumably for interaction of VP16 with HCF.
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Wu, T. J., G. Monokian, D. F. Mark, and C. R. Wobbe. "Transcriptional activation by herpes simplex virus type 1 VP16 in vitro and its inhibition by oligopeptides." Molecular and Cellular Biology 14, no. 5 (May 1994): 3484–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.14.5.3484-3493.1994.

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VP16 is a herpes simplex virus (HSV)-encoded transcriptional activator protein that is essential for efficient viral replication and as such may be a target for novel therapeutic agents directed against viral gene expression. We have reconstituted transcriptional activation by VP16 in an in vitro system that is dependent on DNA sequences from HSV immediate-early gene promoters and on protein-protein interactions between VP16 and Oct-1 that are required for VP16 activation in vivo. Activation increased synergistically with the number of TAATGARAT elements (the cis-acting element for VP16 activation in vivo) upstream of the core promoter, and mutations of this element that reduce Oct-1 or VP16 DNA binding reduced transactivation in vitro. A VP16 insertion mutant unable to interact with Oct-1 was inactive, but, surprisingly, a deletion mutant lacking the activation domain was approximately 65% as active as the full-length protein. The activation domains of Oct-1 were necessary for activation in reactions containing the VP16 deletion mutant, and they contributed significantly to activation by full-length VP16. Addition of a GA-rich element present in many HSV immediate-early gene enhancers synergistically stimulated VP16-activated transcription. Finally, oligopeptides that are derived from a region of VP16 thought to contact a cellular factor known as HCF (host cell factor) and that inhibit efficient VP16 binding to the TAATGARAT element also specifically inhibited VP16-activated, but not basal, transcription. Amino acid substitutions in one of these peptides identified three residues that are absolutely required for inhibition and presumably for interaction of VP16 with HCF.
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Pan, Y. B., and P. A. Peterson. "Spontaneous Activation of Quiescent Uq Transposable Elements during Endosperm Development in Zea Mays." Genetics 119, no. 2 (June 1, 1988): 457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/119.2.457.

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Abstract This study addresses the question of the activation of quiescent transposable elements in maize breeding lines. The a-ruq reporter allele of the Uq transposable element system expresses Uq activity (spots or sectors of spots in otherwise colorless aleurone tissue) when exposed to various genotypes of assorted maize inbred lines lacking any active Uq element. This activation of quiescent Uq elements occurs randomly during the growth of the endosperm. It is concluded that there are components in the genome that enhance the rare activation of quiescent Uq elements. Further, it seems that this activation occurs in the absence of any stress-inducing treatment, but that normal growth conditions provide sufficient stimulus for such activation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Element activation"

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Ryde, S. J. S. "Multi element in vivo analysis by neutron activation." Thesis, Swansea University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638733.

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The design, construction and commissioning of a unique, versatile clinical instrument for multi-element in vivo analysis by neutron activation is described. In this instrument a 4 GBq Cf-252 neutron source is stored below ground level and can be pneumatically propelled to one of two irradiation ports. From these ports collimated beams of fast neutrons, of different intensities and dose-rates, are delivered either to a localised volume such as the liver or kidneys, or across the width of a patient for head-to-toe scanning. The instrument is intended primarily for measurement of total-body calcium and nitrogen, and partial-body cadmium via the prompt-gamma-ray technique in which the characteristic gamma-ray emission is measured during neutron activation. Repeated bilateral irradiations of a tissue equivalent phantom have shown that using high-resolution germanium spectroscopy the elements calcium, chlorine, nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen can be simultaneously measured with precisions (the coefficient of variation) of 2.6% , 1.5% , 3.1% , 4.3% and 0.4% respectively for a radiation dose equivalent to the skin of 6.4 mSv (QF= 10). When nitrogen is the element of prime interest it is advantageous to use NaI(Tl) rather than germanium detectors and the elements nitrogen, chlorine and carbon can then be simultaneously measured with precisions of 1.6% , 5.1% and 7.9% respectively for a radiation dose equivalent to the skin of 0.45 mSv. The detection limits (2 standard deviations of the net peak counts) obtained for cadmium are 2.8 mg and 3.5 ppm for the kidney and liver respectively, for an incident dose equivalent to the skin of 4.4 mSv. The instrument has so far been calibrated for quantitative in vivo measurement of nitrogen and cadmium, and for measurements of calcium counts in sequential studies of the same individual.
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Kolor, Katherine. "Advancement of the timing of origin activation by a cis-acting DNA element /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10292.

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Fischer, Shain Ann. "A Three-Dimensional Anatomically Accurate Finite Element Model for Nerve Fiber Activation Simulation Coupling." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1365.

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Improved knowledge of human nerve function and recruitment would enable innovation in the Biomedical Engineering field. Better understanding holds the potential for greater integration between devices and the nervous system as well as the ability to develop therapeutic devices to treat conditions affecting the nervous system. This work presents a three-dimensional volume conductor model of the human arm for coupling with code describing nerve membrane characteristics. The model utilizes an inhomogeneous medium composed of bone, muscle, skin, nerve, artery, and vein. Dielectric properties of each tissue were collected from the literature and applied to corresponding material subdomains. Both a fully anatomical version and a simplified version are presented. The computational model for this study was developed in COMSOL and formatted to be coupled with SPICE netlist code. Limitations to this model due to computational power as well as future work are discussed. The final model incorporated both anatomically correct geometries and simplified geometries to enhance computational power. A stationary study was performed implementing a boundary current source through the surface of a conventionally placed electrode. Results from the volume conductor study are presented and validated through previous studies.
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Sugden, Frank Daniel. "A NOVEL DUAL MODELING METHOD FOR CHARACTERIZING HUMAN NERVE FIBER ACTIVATION." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1318.

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Presented in this work is the investigation and successful illustration of a coupled model of the human nerve fiber. SPICE netlist code was utilized to describe the electrical properties of the human nervous membrane in tandem with COMSOL Multiphysics, a finite element analysis software tool. The initial research concentrated on the utilization of the Hodgkin-Huxley electrical circuit representation of the nerve fiber membrane. Further development of the project identified the need for a linear circuit model that more closely resembled the McNeal linearization model augmented by the work of Szlavik which better facilitated the coupling of both SPICE and COMSOL programs. Related literature was investigated and applied to validate the model. This combination of analysis tools allowed for the presentation of a consistent model and revealed that a coupled model produced not only a qualitatively comparable, but also a quantitatively comparable result to studies presented in the literature. All potential profiles produced during the simulation were compared against the literature in order to meet the purpose of presenting an advanced computational model of human neural recruitment and excitation. It was demonstrated through this process that the correct usage of neuron models within a two dimensional conductive space did allow for the approximate modeling of human neural electrical characteristics.
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Vallinoto, Priscila. "Determinação de elementos essenciais e tóxicos em alimentos comerciais infantis por análise por ativação com nêutrons e espectrometria de absorção atômica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-04072013-144252/.

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A Organização Mundial da Saúde recomenda que os bebês sejam amamentados de forma exclusiva, pelo menos, seis meses após o nascimento. Após este período, recomenda-se a introdução de alimentos complementares, a fim de atender as quantidades nutricionais, minerais e energéticas necessárias às crianças. Produtos alimentares destinados a lactentes formam uma parte importante da dieta de muitos bebês, por isso é muito importante que esses alimentos contenham quantidades suficientes de minerais. Alimentação complementar inadequada é uma das principais causas das altas taxas de desnutrição nos países em desenvolvimento. Neste estudo, níveis dos elementos essenciais: Ca, Cl, Co, Cr, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Se e Zn e dos elementos tóxicos: As, Cd e Hg foram determinados em amostras de vinte e sete diferentes produtos alimentares por Análise por Ativação com Nêutrons Instrumental (INAA) e Espectrometria de Absorção Atômica (AAS). Para a validação da metodologia foram analisados os materiais de referência: INCT MPH-2 Mixed Polish Herbs e NIST SRM 1577b Bovine Liver para INAA e NIST SRM 1548a Typical Diet e NIST SRM 1547 Peach Leaves para AAS. As vinte e sete amostras de alimentos para bebês foram adquiridas em supermercados e drogarias da cidade de São Paulo. Os elementos essenciais e tóxicos foram determinados e a maioria das concentrações obtidas dos elementos essenciais estava abaixo das recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde, enquanto as concentrações dos elementos tóxicos foram inferiores ao limite superior tolerável. As concentrações baixas dos elementos essenciais obtidas nessas amostras indicam que as crianças não devem ser apenas alimentadas com esses alimentos comerciais.
The World Health Organization recommends that infants should be breastfed exclusively for at least six months after birth. After this period, it is recommended to start introducing complementary foods, in order to meet the child´s nutritional, mineral and energy needs. Commercial food products for infants form an important part of the diet for many babies. Thus, it is very important that such food contains sufficient amounts of minerals. Inadequate complementary feeding is a major cause of high rates of infant malnutrition in developing countries. In this study, essential elements: Ca, Cl, Co, Cr, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Se and Zn and toxic elements: As, Cd, Hg levels were determined in twenty seven different commercial infant food product samples by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). In order to validate both methodologies the reference material: INCT MPH-2 Mixed Polish Herbs and NIST - SRM 1577b Bovine Liver by INAA and NIST - SRM 1548a Typical Diet and NIST - SRM 1547 Peach Leaves by AAS were analyzed. The twenty seven baby food samples were acquired from São Paulo city super markets and drugstores. Essential and toxic elements were determined. Most of the essential element concentrations obtained was lower than the World Health Organization requirements, while concentrations of toxic elements were below the tolerable upper limit. These low essential element concentrations in these samples indicate that infants should not be fed only with commercial complementary foods.
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AGUIAR, AMILTON R. "Aplicacao do metodo de analise por ativacao com neutrons a determinacao de elementos traco em unhas humanas." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2001. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10890.

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IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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COCCARO, DANIELA M. B. "Estudo da determinacao de elementos - tracos em liquens para monitoracao ambiental." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2001. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10844.

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IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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CAVALCANTE, CASSIO Q. "Estudo sobre a determinação de paládio em amostras biológicas pelo método de análise por ativação em nêutrons." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2007. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11544.

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IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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PIASENTIN, RICARDO M. "Acompanhamento da variacao mineral de duas cultivares de guandu (Cajanus cajan(L.)Millsp) submetidas a diferentes doses de fertilizantes, pelo metodo de analise por ativacao com neutrons." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2001. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10903.

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IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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Vernois, Vincent. "Determination de certains microconstituants de l'email dentaire humain." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05M116.

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Books on the topic "Element activation"

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A, Bulman Robert, Cooper John R, Commission of the European Communities. Directorate-General for Science, Research, and Development., and Great Britain. National Radiological Protection Board., eds. Speciation of fission and activation products in the environment. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1986.

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Baryshev, Ruslan. Proactive library in the information and educational environment of the University. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1123649.

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In the monograph, the University library is presented as a complex system that includes elements of various properties and varying complexity. As in any system, structural change inevitably affects the performance of all its components. In this regard, the library is an element of the information and educational environment of the University, which is designed to support and improve the effectiveness of educational and scientific activities. The article reveals the concept of active University library" as a system for providing information services to the reader in any form and on any medium based on classical and network forms of service based on query advance services. The article analyzes the opportunities provided by the active University library for its users. The mechanism of activation of an electronic library through selective provision of information is considered, and the principle of the influence of an active electronic library on its proactivity is approved. For all those interested in librarianship and Informatization of education."
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Jikkenjo), "Kyōdairo (KUR) ni okeru Sōgōteki Biryō Genso Keisoku Shisutemu no Kōchiku to Ōyō" Senmon Kenkyūkai (2011 Kyōto Daigaku Genshiro. "Kyōdairo (KUR) ni okeru Sōgōteki Biryō Genso Keisoku Shisutemu no Kōchiku to Ōyō oyobi Hōshaka Bunseki o Mochiita Biryō Genso Bunseki no Genjō" Senmon Kenkyūkai hōkokusho. Ōsaka-fu Sennan-gun Kumatori-chō: Kyōto Daigaku Genshiro Jikkenjo, 2012.

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"Kyōdairo (KUR) ni okeru Sōgōteki Biryō Genso Keisoku Shisutemu no Kōchiku to Ōyō" Senmon Kenkyūkai (2010 Kyōto Daigaku Genshiro Jikkenjo). ""Kyōdairo (KUR) ni okeru Sōgōteki Biryō Genso Keisoku Shisutemu no Kōchiku to Ōyō" Senmon Kenkyūkai hōkokusho. Ōsaka-fu Sennan-gun Kumatori-chō: Kyōto Daigaku Genshiro Jikkenjo, 2011.

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Zaafarany, Ishaq A. Determination of trace elements in natural zeolites by neutron activation analysis (NAA). Salford: University of Salford, 1987.

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Poole, M. A. Effect of activator elements on the anodic behaviour ofaluminium. Manchester: UMIST, 1994.

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Kulm, LaVerne D. Elemental content of heavy-mineral concentrations on the Continental Shelf off Oregon and northernmost California. Portland, Or: Oregon, Dept. of Geology and Mineral Industries, 1988.

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Azmi, Peter B. Bacterially-derived DNA elements from the gene GPT can block enhancer-dependent transcriptional activation of an adjacent gene in a position-dependent manner. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2002.

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Heydorn. Neutron Activation Analysis for Clinical Trace Element Research. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Scholle, Carol Curio. Rapid Response Team Organization and Activation (DRAFT). Edited by Raghavan Murugan and Joseph M. Darby. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190612474.003.0002.

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The Rapid Response System (RRS) is organized into four basic components. These components include an activation limb, a response limb, a quality assurance infrastructure, and an administrative component. These components remain consistent despite campus size, physical layout, patient population, available technical resources, and personnel. Oversight of the RRS is provided by the patient safety, risk management experts, as well as clinical experts to maintain high quality of care delivered to acutely ill patients. Administrative support in the development of policy, allocation of resources, and communicating a strong and clear message regarding the mission and vision of the RRS is invaluable. In this chapter, we review each element of the RRS.
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Book chapters on the topic "Element activation"

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Glascock, M. D. "Activation analysis." In Instrumental Multi-Element Chemical Analysis, 93–150. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4952-5_4.

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Schmid, W., U. Strähle, R. Mestril, W. Ankenbauer, and G. Schütz. "Steroid Response Elements: Composite Structure and Definition of a Minimal Element." In Activation of Hormone and Growth Factor Receptors, 137–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1936-5_13.

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Kennedy, Gregory G. "Trace Element Determination in Polymers by Neutron Activation." In ACS Symposium Series, 128–34. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1990-0440.ch008.

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Bauer, Dennis M., Dania M. Kendziora, Ishtiaq Ahmed, Yu-Chueh Hung, and Ljiljana Fruk. "DNA as Nanostructuring Element for Design of Functional Devices." In Novel Approaches for Single Molecule Activation and Detection, 85–121. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43367-6_6.

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Nakanishi, Tomoko M. "Element-Specific Distribution in a Plant." In Novel Plant Imaging and Analysis, 75–107. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4992-6_3.

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AbstractFor the first stage of the study of the elements, the distribution of the element within the plant tissue was presented employing neutron activation analysis (NAA). Since NAA allows nondestructive analysis of the elements in the sample, this is the only method to measure the absolute amount of elements in the sample.The results showed that the element-specific profile varied throughout the whole plant, and this distribution tendency remained similar throughout development. There were many junctions of element-specific concentrations between the tissues, suggesting barriers to the movement of the elements. Generally, heavy elements tended to accumulate in roots, except for Mn and Cr. Of the elements measured, Ca and Mg showed changes in concentration with the circadian rhythm. Since the amount of the element in a plant reflects the features of the soil where the plant grows, multielement analysis of the plant could specify the site of the agricultural products produced.Before addressing the development of a real-time RI imaging system (RRIS), the production of RIs for essential elements for plant nutrition, 28Mg and 42K, is presented. The reason why concentrating on RIs is because when we examine the history of plant research, physiological research on the elements without available radioisotopes has not been well developed. For example, the boron (B) transporter was recently found and the study of B in plants is far behind compared to the other elements.Therefore, we developed a preparation method for elements whose available RIs were not previously employed in plant research, 28Mg and 42K. They are the radioisotopes we prepared and a root absorption study using 28Mg as a tracer is presented as an example. It was found that the orientation of Mg transfer was different according to the site of the root where Mg was absorbed. The specific role of Mg has not yet been clarified by florescent imaging because the overwhelming amount of Ca makes it difficult to distinguish Mg and Ca.
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Haus-Seuffert, Philipp, and Michael Meisterernst. "Mechanisms of transcriptional activation of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein CREB." In Control of Gene Expression by Catecholamines and the Renin-Angiotensin System, 5–9. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4351-0_1.

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Riel, Stefanie, Mohammad Bashiri, Werner Hemmert, and Siwei Bai. "Computational Models of Brain Stimulation with Tractography Analysis." In Brain and Human Body Modeling 2020, 101–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45623-8_6.

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AbstractComputational human head models have been used in studies of brain stimulation. These models have been able to provide useful information that can’t be acquired or difficult to acquire from experimental or imaging studies. However, most of these models are purely volume conductor models that overlooked the electric excitability of axons in the white matter of the brain. We hereby combined a finite element (FE) model of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) with a whole-brain tractography analysis as well as the cable theory of neuronal excitation. We have reconstructed a whole-brain tractogram with 2000 neural fibres from diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance scans and extracted the information on electrical potential from the FE ECT model of the same head. Two different electrode placements and three different white matter conductivity settings were simulated and compared. We calculated the electric field and second spatial derivatives of the electrical potential along the fibre direction, which describes the activating function for homogenous axons, and investigated sensitive regions of white matter activation. Models with anisotropic white matter conductivity yielded the most distinctive electric field and activating function distribution. Activation was most likely to appear in regions between the electrodes where the electric potential gradient is most pronounced.
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Reis, M. F., M. Abdulla, R. M. Parr, A. Chatt, H. S. Dang, and A. A. S. C. Machado. "Trace Element Contents in Food Determined by Neutron Activation Analysis and Other Techniques." In Nuclear Analytical Methods in the Life Sciences 1994, 481–87. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6025-5_57.

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Li, Zhong, Jing Li, Baoqing Mo, Chunyan Hu, Huaqing Liu, Hong Qi, Xinru Wang, and Jida Xu. "Genistein induces G2/M cell cycle arrest via stable activation of ERK1/2 pathway in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells." In Proceedings of the VIIIth Conference of the International Society for Trace Element Research in Humans (ISTERH), the IXth Conference of the Nordic Trace Element Society (NTES), and the VIth Conference of the Hellenic Trace Element Society (HTES), 2007, 121–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9056-1_10.

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Burr, Benjamin, and Frances A. Burr. "Activation of Silent Transposable Elements." In Plant Transposable Elements, 317–23. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5550-2_24.

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Conference papers on the topic "Element activation"

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Cho, Jin, Yoo Choi, Do Kim, and Seung Kim. "Node activation technique for finite element system." In 19th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2001-1256.

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Jensen, Thomas. "Function Integration Explained by Allocation and Activation of Wirk Elements." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/dtm-14551.

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Abstract In mechanical engineering design, the conceptual design phase involves the determination of the structural means for realizing the functions of a product. Function integration is a means for achieving an efficient design, where the same means contributes to the realization of multiple functions. This paper contributes to a phenomenological understanding of function integration and aims at refining design theories treating this subject. The work rests upon and contributes to German design theory and the design theories of the WDK School. For explaining function integration, the concept of wirk element is introduced. A wirk element is defined as a functionally active form element that is part of an organ and contributes to the realization of a function. Furthermore, based upon the allocation and activation of wirk elements, a definition of function integration is given, and six kinds of integration are classified. Finally, opportunistic design is explained by the wirk element concept and the implication of function integration on product modeling in configuration systems is treated. Throughout the paper, several examples are given to illustrate the explanatory power of the proposed modeling concept.
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Link, Dwight E., and David E. Williams. "Modification of the USOS to Support Installation and Activation of the Node 3 Element." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-2416.

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Silva, Sofia, Peter J. Basser, and Pedro C. Miranda. "The Activation Function of TMS on a Finite Element Model of a Cortical Sulcus." In 2007 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2007.4353886.

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Morrow, Duane A., Tammy L. Haut Donahue, Gregory M. Odegard, and Kenton R. Kaufman. "A Validated Finite Element Model of Force in Active and Passive Skeletal Muscle." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19385.

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A fully 3D, continuum mechanics based model of skeletal muscle, validated against experimental force data, can be used to computationally solve for individual muscle forces. A constitutive formulation, representing muscle as a transversely isotropic, hyperelastic, and isovolumetric material [1] has been implemented in a finite element model (FEM) of passive skeletal muscle and validated against experimental tension measurements [2]. Of further interest is an expanded formulation that will allow for the addition of muscle activation levels on the overall skeletal muscle force generation. The purpose of this study was to expand the FEA model to include muscle activation and validate it with tests of active skeletal muscle tissue at varied lengths.
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SALITA, MARK. "A simple finite-element model of O-ring deformation and activation during squeeze and pressurization." In 23rd Joint Propulsion Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1987-1739.

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Rehorn, Michael R., and Silvia S. Blemker. "3D Finite Element Modeling of the Biceps Femoris Muscle." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206695.

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Hamstring strain injury is a significant problem for many athletes [1]. Muscle-tendon (MT) length changes and activation patterns during the sprinting cycle likely contribute to the high risk of injury. It has been suggested that injury may occur during the late swing phase of the sprinting cycle when the hamstring fibers experience activated muscle lengthening [2]. Of the hamstrings muscles, the biceps femoris longhead (BFLH) is the most commonly injured, with the injury most frequently localized along the proximal muscle-tendon junction [3]. We hypothesize that the injuries are localized in this region because it is also the area of highest localized strains.
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"On coupling cellular automata based activation and finite element muscle model applied to heart ventricle modelling." In BIOMEDICINE 2003, edited by R. Cimrman, J. Kroc, E. Rohan, J. Rosenberg, and Z. Tonar. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/bio030031.

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Pillalamarri, Ila. "Trace element analysis of K, U and Th in high purity materials by neutron activation analysis." In TOPICAL WORKSHOP ON LOW RADIOACTIVITY TECHNIQUES: LRT 2004. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2060453.

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Stender, Michael E., Lauren L. Beghini, Michael G. Veilleux, Samuel R. Subia, and Joshua D. Sugar. "Thermal Mechanical Finite Element Simulation of Additive Manufacturing: Process Modeling of the Lens Process." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65992.

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Laser engineered net shaping (LENS) is an additive manufacturing process that presents a promising method of creating or repairing metal parts not previously feasible with traditional manufacturing methods. The LENS process involves the directed deposition of metal via a laser power source and a spray of metal powder co-located to create and feed a molten pool (also referred to generically as Directed Energy Deposition, DED). DED technologies are being developed for use in prototyping, repair, and manufacturing across a wide variety of materials including stainless steel, titanium, tungsten carbide-cobalt, aluminum, and nickel based superalloys. However, barriers to the successful production and qualification of LENS produced or repaired parts remain. This work proposes a finite element (FE) analysis methodology capable of simulating the LENS process at the continuum length scale (i.e. part length scale). This method incorporates an element activation scheme wherein only elements that exceed the material melt temperature during laser heating are activated and carried through to subsequent analysis steps. Following the initial element activation calculation, newly deposited, or activated elements and the associated geometry, are carried through to thermal and mechanical analyses to calculate heat flow due to radiation, convection, and conduction as well as stresses and displacements. The final aim of this work is to develop a validated LENS process simulation capability that can accurately predict temperature history, final part shape, distribution of strength, microstructural properties, and residual stresses based on LENS process parameters.
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Reports on the topic "Element activation"

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David A. Dixon and III Anthony J. Arduengo. Final Report: Main Group Element Chemistry in Service of Hydrogen Storage and Activation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/989180.

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Edwards, John R. Mammary Cancer and Activation of Transposable Elements. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada614053.

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Edwards, John. Mammary Cancer and Activation of Transposable Elements. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada614054.

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Peaston, Anne E. Mammary Cancer and Activation of Transposable Elements. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada591352.

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Edwards, John R. Mammary Cancer and Activation of Transposable Elements. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada599612.

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Edwards, John R. Mammary Cancer and Activation of Transposable Elements. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada618871.

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Robin P. Gardner. Prompt Gamma-Ray Neutron Activation Analysis (PGNAA) for Elemental Analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/882478.

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Robertson, R., and D. D. Burgess. Rapid separation of the rare-earth elements from some matrix interferences prior to analysis by neutron activation. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/193316.

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Robertson, R. A quick separation of the rare-earth elements from some major matrix interferences prior to analysis by neutron activation. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/193286.

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Parry, S. J., and M. Asif. The rapid determination of the platinum group elements and gold with nickel sulphide fire assay and neutron activation analysis (NAA). Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/193281.

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