Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Electroweak One Loop Corrections'

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1

Macorini, Guido. "One loop electroweak corrections for single top production at LHC." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/2708.

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2006/2007
In this thesis we report and discuss the results for the first complete calcula- tion of the one-loop electroweak corrections for the two dominant processes of single Top production at the Large Hadron Collider: the tW-associated pro- duction and the t-channel process. We calculate the corrections working both in the Standard Model (SM) and in the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM, as- suming a mSUGRA scenario), analysing the effect of the corrections on several observables and trying to understand whether deviations from the Standard Model prediction could be observable. The single Top production is the main source of information about the Top weak interaction, and a privileged laboratory to understand the symmetry breaking in the weak sector. Moreover at the hadronic colliders the single Top processes provide the only known way to measure directly the Vtb element of the CKM matrix, providing a fundamental test of the Standard Model struc- ture. For the tW production process we present the complete calculation of the one- loop electroweak effect, including the effect of the hard real photon emission; we combine our results with the available calculation for the QCD and SUSY QCD corrections, providing a complete one loop description of the process. Our interest has been concentrated on the particular quantities that we have defined as partial rates, with special emphasis on the low (400 GeV) final in- variant mass. In this region with the addition of SUSY QCD one-loop terms, the genuine SUSY contribution reaches an interesting 10% size. The analysis of t-channel process is limited to the pure electroweak componet (adding the soft photon emission only, to cancel the infrared divergences aris- ing from diagrams with virtual photon). The electroweak corrections for the t-channel are less sensitive to the presence of the SUSY particles: this conclusion holds for all the four examined bench- mark points in themSUGRA scheme. In addition, considering the small contri- bution of the known SUSY QCD corrections, we conclude that in themSUGRA scenario it will be probably impossible to detect at the LHC any deviation from the SM predictions. In the SMcontext the size of the electroweak correctionswithout the hard emis- sion seems to be very large, but we expect that the total effect should be con- siderably reduced adding the hard emission part.
Nella tesi vengono riportati e discussi i risultati per il calcolo completo delle correzioni radiative elettrodeboli ad un loop per i due processi dominanti nella produzioe di quark Top singoli al Large Hadron Collider: la produzione associata tW e il processo di "canale t". Le correzioni ad un loop sono calcolate sia nelModello Standard (SM) che nella sua estensione supersimmetrica minimale (MSSM, assumendo uno scenario di mSUGRA); si è quindi analizzato l’effetto delle correzioni su varie osservabili fisiche, tentando di comprendere se siano riscontrabili deviazioni misurabili dalle predizioni del Modello Standard. La produzione di quark Top singoli costituisce la principale fonte di informzioni riguardo le interazioni deboli del Top e per lo studio e la comprensione della rottura della simmetria elettrodebole. Inoltre ai collider adronici la produzione di quark Top singoli costituisce l’unico processo che permette una misura diretta dell’elemento Vtb della matrice CKM, costituendo dunque un test fondamentale per la struttua del Modello Standard. Per la produzione associata tW si presenta il calcolo completo dell’effetto elettrodebole ad un loop, includendo poi l’effetto dell’emissione di fotoni duri; si combinano dunque i nostri risultati con i risultati (noti in letteratura) per le correzioni di QCD e QCD supersimmetrica, fornendo una descrizione completa ad un loop del processo. Abbiamo concentrato il nostro interesse su paticolari osservabili dette "rate parziali", con speciale attenzione alla regione di bassemasse invarianti: in data regione, tenendo conto delle correzioni di QCD supersimmetrica, il contributo genuinamente supersimmetrico dell’effetto ad un loop raggiunge il 10%, costituendo una deviazione potenzialmente osservabile. L’analisi del canale t è limitata alla sola componente elettrodebole (con l’aggiunta dell’emissione di fotini "soft", in modo da ottenere un risultao IR-finito): le correzioni ad un loop elettrodeboli per questo processo si sno rivelate meno sensibili alla presenza di eventuali particelle supersimmetriche; questa conclusione è comune nei quatro scenari mSUGRA analizzati. Considerando inoltre che l’effetto della QCD supersimmetrica è piccolo, si può concludere che sarà verosimilmente impossibile osservare deviazioni dalle predizioni SM. Nel Modello Standard le correzioni dovute alla parte elettrodebole sembrano numericamente molto significative, ma ci può aspettare una drastica riduzione di tale effetto una volta aggiunta l’emissione di fotoni reali "hard".
XX Ciclo
1978
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2

Panizzi, Luca. "One loop electroweak analysis for third family scalar quarks production at LHC." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3064.

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2007/2008
The thesis is devoted to the analysis of electroweak one-loop corrections to processes of production of scalar quarks of the third family at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in the context of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM). Third family squarks are are predicted to be among the lightest supersymmetric particles, hence they could be among the first signals of new physics to be detected at the LHC. Moreover, a very light stop (with a mass of the same order of the top mass) might play a relevant role within a cosmological model of electroweak baryogenesis. A precise analysis of one-loop corrections to processes of production of stop and sbottom particles and the determination of theoretical predictions to be tested against LHC data are therefore mandatory to understand the properties of these particles. The EW NLO corrections to the most meaningful observables related to these processes (differential and total cross sections) have been calculated and the dependence on supersymmetric parameters of the considered observables has been analysed. The considered processes are: 1) PP -> gg -> stop-antistop (sbottom-antisbottom); 2) PP-> bg -> stop-chargino. In both cases the analysis has been performed within various mSUGRA scenarios. For this purpose three C++ codes which exploit Monte Carlo techniques for the integration of cross sections have been developed. For the stop-antistop production case the diagonal production shows a total cross section of the order of 10 picobarns in some scenarios which predict a light stop; electroweak corrections, however, are of the order of few percent for every scenario considered; through the definition of the partial rates it is possible to obtain correction near to 10% in the high invariant mass region. The analysis of the dependence of one-loop corrections on mSUGRA parameters has been performed and it has been verified that the dependence is quite mild (variations up to 4%). In the case of sbottom production the total cross sections are generally smaller than 1pb and the one-loop corrections are not very sizable. As far as the parametric dependence is concerned, for diagonal production of light sbottom an interesting dependence on the parameter tg(beta) has been found in a particular scenario. For the stop-chargino production process the total cross sections are of the order of the picobarn in scenarios where stop and charginos are not too massive. The one-loop corrections are of the order of few percent and, due to the small cross sections in the considered scenarios, they are unfortunaltely quite difficult to observe at the LHC; the analysis through the partial rates predicts higher corrections, though difficult to detect. Due to these results, the parametric analysis has been performed at tree level, where the observables depend on a limited number of supersymmetric parameters: the strongest dependence has been found to be on the stop mixing angle and on the supersymmetric parameter mu. The analysis of stop production processes within scenarios of electroweak baryogenesis has been performed in both cases. For the case of diagonal production of light stop-antistop pairs, the electroweak one-loop effect on the total cross section has been found to be quite mild. Due to the small stop mass the total cross section is however of the order of 10pb. Therefore, through the analysis of partial rate it is possible to predict effects of the order of 10% with a still detectable cross section. In the stop-chargino case, the total cross section has been found to be smaller than 1pb even in the lightest configuration, and the one-loop correction is 2%.
La presente tesi consiste nell'analisi delle correzioni elettrodeboli a 1 loop di alcuni processi di produzione di quark scalari della terza famiglia al Large Hadron Collider nell'ambito dell'estensione supersimmetrica minimale del Modello Standard (MSSM). Gli squark della terza famiglia sono particolarmente importanti perché si prevede che siano fra le particelle supersimmetriche più leggere, e per questo motivo potrebbero essere fra i primi segnali di nuova fisica ad essere osservati all'LHC. Inoltre, uno stop particolarmente leggero (con una massa dello stesso ordine di quella del top) potrebbe giocare un ruolo rilevante nell'ambito di un modello cosmologico di bariogenesi elettrodebole. Una precisa analisi delle correzioni a 1 loop dei processi di produzione di stop e sbottom con la determinazione di previsioni teoriche da verificare sperimentalmente ad LHC è quindi fondamentale per cercare di comprendere le proprietà di queste particelle. In questa tesi vengono calcolate le correzioni sui principali osservabili legati a questi processi (sezioni d'urto differenziali e totali) e viene analizzata la dipendenza dai parametri supersimmetrici degli osservabili considerati. I processi analizzati sono: 1) PP -> gg -> stop-antistop (sbottom-antisbottom); 2) PP -> bg -> stop-chargino. In entrambi i casi l'analisi è stata effettuata nel contesto di diversi scenari mSUGRA. Sono stati sviluppati per questo scopo tre codici in C++ che si avvalgono di tecniche di Monte Carlo per l'integrazione delle sezioni d'urto. Nel caso del processo di produzione di stop, si è verificato che per alcuni scenari che prevedono uno stop leggero, la produzione diagonale ha una sezione d'urto totale dell'ordine della decina di picobarn; le correzioni elettrodeboli però sono dell'ordine di qualche punto percentuale per tutti gli scenari considerati; tramite la definizione delle cosiddette rate parziali è possibile ottenere correzioni vicine al 10% nella regione di alte masse invarianti. E' stata poi eseguita un'analisi di come gli effetti a un loop dipendono dai parametri mSUGRA, verificando che la dipendenza è poco apprezzabile (variazioni del 4%). Nel caso di produzione di sbottom le sezioni d'urto sono generalmente inferiori al picobarn e le correzioni a 1 loop rimangono abbastanza limitate. Per quanto riguarda la dipendenza parametrica, per produzione diagonale di sbottom leggeri c'è una interessante dipendenza dal parametro tg(beta) in un particolare scenario supersimmetrico. Nel caso del processo di produzione di stop-chargino la sezione d'urto è dell'ordine del picobarn nei casi che prevedono stop e chargini non eccessivamente massivi. Anche in questo caso le correzioni a 1 loop sono di qualche punto percentuale, difficilmente visibili a LHC a causa delle basse sezioni d'urto negli scenari considerati; l'analisi delle rate parziale consente di ottenere correzioni maggiori, ma difficilmente osservabili. A causa della scarsa visibilità del processo, l'analisi parametrica è stata effettuata a livello albero, dove gli osservabili dipendono da un numero limitato di parametri supersimmetrici: la dipendenza maggiore risulta essere per l'angolo di mixing dello stop e dal parametro supersimmetrico mu. Per quanto riguarda l'analisi dei processi di produzione di stop nell'ambito di scenari di bariogenesi elettrodebole, nel caso di produzione diagonale di stop leggeri, l'effetto a 1 loop è scarso, ma data la piccola massa dello stop che determina una sezione d'urto dell'ordine della decina di picobarn, l'analisi della rate parziale permette di prevedere effetti dell'ordine del 10%. Nel caso di stop-chargino la sezione d'urto risulta essere inferiore al picobarn anche nella configurazione più leggera e la correzione a 1 loop è del 2%.
XXI Ciclo
1980
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3

Dovier, Giacomo Oliviero. "Semi-inclusive associated bottom-Higgs production at LHC: the complete one-loop electroweak in the MSSM." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/4815.

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2009/2010
Il bosone di Higgs il tassello mancante del Modello Standard: predetto da Peter Higgs negli anni sessanta, non ancora stato osservato sperimental- mente. Il Large Hadron Collider stato costruito con questo obiettivo in mente, assieme a molti altri. Uno dei processi pi interessanti per la pro- duzione di Higgs Supersimmetrico bg -> bH0 ( A0, h0). La natura dell'accoppiamento Yukawa nel MSSM lo rende predominate per alti valori di tan(beta) . In questa tesi vengono calcolate le correzioni elettrodeboli ad un loop alla sezione d'urto del processo nel MSSM, e viene mostrato come esse possano essere molto rilevanti per alcune regioni dello spazio dei parametri. Viene anche mostrato come i risultati siano indipendenti dalla scelta dello schema di rinormalizzazione tra DCPR and DR, ed anche come la consueta Improved Born Approximation non riproduca accuratamente i risultati ad un loop, mentre una diversa possibile approssimazione, la Reduced Vertex Approximation, in migliore accordo con il calcolo completo. Viene quindi eff ettuato un confronto con i risultati per un Two Higgs Doublet Modle, e viene mostrato come la di erenza con i risultati nel MSSM sia rilevante ad un loop, rendendo lo studio di questo processo una possibile via per discriminare tra i due modelli.
The Higgs particle is the missing piece of the Standard Model picture: pre- dicted by Peter Higgs in the late sixties, it has yet to be observed in a collider. The Large Hadron Collider has been built with this goal in mind, among many others. A very important channel to look at for SUSY Higgs production is bg -> bH0 (A0, h0). The nature of the MSSM Yukawa couplings make it dominant for high Values of tan(beta) . In my work I calculate the electroweak one loop corrections to the cross section of the process' cross section in the MSSM, and show that they can be very relevant for some regions of the parameters' space. It is also shown how the results obey a nice scheme independence at one loop for the two renormalization schemes DCPR and DR, as well as how the usual Improved Born Approximation fails in this case to reproduce the one loop results accurately, while a di fferent suggested Reduced Vertex Approximation is in better agreement with the full calculation. I then proceed to make a comparison with the results for a Two Higgs Doublets Model, and show that the di fference with the MSSM are big at the one loop level, such that this process could provide a way to discriminate between the two models.
XXIII Ciclo
1983
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4

Alam, S. (Sher) Carleton University Dissertation Physics. "The one loop radiative corrections to W pair production in electron positron annihilation in the supersymmetric extension of the Salam-Weinberg model of the electroweak interactions." Ottawa, 1992.

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5

Rodgers, Mark. "Automation of one-loop corrections for multi-particle processes." Thesis, Durham University, 2012. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4460/.

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With the advent of the Large Hadron Collider, we are in a new era in Particle Physics, in which unprecedented energy scales can be probed. Although it is a discovery machine, it has already been shown to be able to produce experimental precisions at the percent level, and so our theoretical calculations must match that, which requires (at least) calculations to next-to-leading order (NLO). In this thesis, we explain and develop new techniques for the evaluation of one-loop integrals, which have historically been the bottleneck in NLO calculations. After introducing Quantum Field Theory and NLO calculations, we explain the process of tensor reduction and the golem95 method for avoiding its numerical instabilities. We follow this by discussing the techniques used to improve the stability of a library of scalar integrals (for two- and three-point integrals), and then we discuss the extension of the golem95 library to include complex internal masses, along with the reasons for doing so. We then bring together the GoSam project with the event generator Sherpa, in order to calculate the process pp -> e+e−μ+μ− by diboson production to NLO, including the (formally higher order) loop-induced process with gluons in the initial state.
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6

Prezeau, Gary Marcel. "One loop corrections to a hadronic model with vector mesons." W&M ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623951.

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The linear sigma model and its extension, Quantum Hadro-dynamics 3 (QHD-III) are discussed. QHD-III is a gauge-invariant model of the strong interaction based on the linear sigma model, which is made locally invariant under SU(2)L x SU(2)R. Parity conservation is imposed. The gauge bosons rho and a1 are made massive via a Higgs mechanism as in the standard model. The low-energy symmetries of QCD, the ability to evaluate corrections coming from meson loops and the derivation of unambiguous conserved currents is used to motivate QHD-III. A renormalized pipi scattering amplitude to 1-loop using Feynman diagrams in the linear sigma-model is derived. The renormalized corrections due to vector boson exchange are also calculated in QHD-III and explicitly shown to be negligible when their masses become large. The pion decay constant to 1-loop is also calculated and discussed. The gauge invariance of the theory is analyzed and exploited to identify the physical pion and to considerably simplify the QHD-III lagrangian. The 1-loop effective action of the linear sigma model is derived and its predictions are shown to be identical to the amplitudes calculated using Feynman diagrams. The 1-loop effective action of QHD-III is discussed and shown to provide an explicit proof of the decoupling theorem.
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7

Graham, Noah Matthew 1972. "Exact renormalized one-loop quantum corrections to energies of solitonic field configurations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84759.

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8

Buri´c, Maja, Voja Radovanovi´c, and rvoja@rudjer ff bg ac yu. "Quantum Corrections for (Anti)--Evaporating Black Hole." ESI preprints, 2000. ftp://ftp.esi.ac.at/pub/Preprints/esi917.ps.

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9

Schmidt-Sommerfeld, Maximilian. "One-loop and D-instanton corrections to the effective action of open string models." Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-103433.

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10

Le, Duc Ninh. "One-loop Yukawa corrections to the process pp → bb̄H in the standard model at the LHC : Landau singularities." Chambéry, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CHAMS022.

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Le sujet de ma thèse recouvre deux aspects. En premier lieu, I'objectif était d'étudier et d'améliorer les méthodes de calcul à une boucle pour les corrections radiatives (CR) dans le cadre des théories de champs perturbatives. En second lieu, I'objectif était d'appliquer ces techniques pour calculer les effets dominants des CR électrofaibles au processus important de production de Higgs associé à deux quarks bottom au LHC du CERN. L'étude concerne Ie Higgs du Modèle Standard (MS). Le premier objectif est d'importance plutôt théorique. Bien que la méthode générale pour Ie calcul à une boucle des CR dans Ie MS soit, en principe, bien compris par Ie biais de la renormalisation, il y a un certain nombre de difficultés techniques. Celles-ci sont liées aux intégrales de boucle. Pour les processus avec plus de 4 particules externes, les expressions d'amplitude obtenues en utilisant la méthode d'analyse sont extrêmement lourdes et très difficiles à manipuler. Dans cette thèse, nous avons étudié ce problème et réalisé que tout Ie calcul peut être facilement optimisé si I'on utilise la méthode des amplitudes d'hélicité. Un autre problème est lié aux propriétés analytiques des intégrales scalaires. Une partie importante de cette thèse est consacrée à ce problème et a I'étude des équations de Landau. Nous avons trouvé des effets significatifs en raison de singularités de Landau dans Ie processus pp → b anti-b Higgs au LHC. Le deuxième objectif est d'ordre pratique avec des conséquences expérimentales. On peut résumer les résultats obtenus dans cette thèse comme suit. Si la masse du Higgs est d'environ 120GeV, la correction au premier ordre dominant est petite de I'ordre d'environ - 4%. Si la masse de Higgs est d'environ 160GeV, seuil de production d'une paire de W par Ie Higgs, les corrections électrofaible bénéficient du couplage fort du Yukawa du top et sont amplifiées par la singularité de Landau conduisant à une importante correction d'environ 50%
The aim of this thesis is twofold. First, to study methods to calculate one-loop corrections in the context of perturbative theories. Second, to apply those methods to calculate the leading electroweak (EW) corrections to the important process of Higgs production associated with two bottom quarks at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Our study is restricted to the Standard Model (SM). The first aim is of theoretical importance. Though the general method to calculate one- loop corrections in the SM is, in principle, well understood by means of renormalisation, it presents a number of technical difficulties. They are all related to loop integrals. The analytical method making use of various techniques to reduce all the tensorial integrals in terms of a basis of scalar integrals is most widely used nowadays. A problem with this method is that for processes with more than 4 external particles the amplitude expressions are extremely cumbersome and very difficult to handle even with powerful computers. In this thesis, we have studied this problem and realised that the whole calculation can be easily optimised if one uses the helicity amplitude method. Another general problem is related to the analytic properties of the scalar loop integrals. An important part of this thesis is devoted to studying this by using Landau equations. We found significant effects due to Landau singularities in the process pp → b anti-b H at the LHC. The second aim is of experimental importance. This process is important to understand the bottom-Higgs Yukawa coupling. The result obtained in this thesis is the following. If the Higgs mass is about 120GeV then the next-to-leading order correction is small, about - 4%. If the Higgs mass is about 163GeV then the EW correction is strongly enhanced by the Landau singularities, leading to a significant correction of about 50%. This important phenomenon is carefully studied in this thesis
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Hessenberger, Stephan [Verfasser], Wolfgang F. L. [Akademischer Betreuer] Hollik, Alejandro [Gutachter] Ibarra, and Wolfgang F. L. [Gutachter] Hollik. "Two-Loop Corrections to Electroweak Precision Observables in Two-Higgs-Doublet-Models / Stephan Hessenberger ; Gutachter: Alejandro Ibarra, Wolfgang F. L. Hollik ; Betreuer: Wolfgang F. L. Hollik." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1152006819/34.

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12

Usovitsch, Johann. "Numerical evaluation of Mellin-Barnes integrals in Minkowskian regions and their application to two-loop bosonic electroweak contributions to the weak mixing angle of the Zbb(bar)-vertex." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19484.

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In der Z-Boson-Resonanzphysik sind mehrere Präzisionsobservablen in einem perfekten Zustand, bei dem die theoretische Unsicherheit niedriger ist als die gegenwärtige experimentelle Unsicherheit. Das Konzept für den zukünftigen Teilchenbeschleuniger Future Circular Collider (FCC), will eine Verbesserung der Messungen für die Präzisionsobservablen um ein bis zwei signifikante Stellen erreichen. Damit werden die Vorhersagen des elektroschwachen Standardmodells in eine Situation versetzt, in der vollständige Zweischleifenkorrekturen zusammen mit den führenden Dreischleifenkorrekturen obligatorisch werden. 2016 wurden die vollständigen Zweischleifenkorrekturen für den effektiven schwachen Mischungswinkel für die bottom Quarks sin^2/theta/^b_eff berechnet, indem die fehlenden bosonischen Zweischleifenkorrekturen bereitgestellt wurden. Dabei liegt die Schwierigkeit in der Berechnung der entsprechenden Zwei-Schleifen Vertex-Feynman-Integrale, die mehrere massive Teilchen einschließen. Gegenwärtig ist die analytische Rechnung der meisten dieser Integrale schwierig und deswegen werden rein numerische Techniken, mittels Sektorzerlegungsansatz und der Integralansatz nach Mellin-Barnes, angewandt. Es war bis vor kurzem nicht bekannt, wie Mellin-Barnes-Integraldarstellungen in den minkowskischen Integrationsgebieten numerisch behandelt werden können. Um dieses Problem anzugehen, stellen wir eine Vielzahl von ein- und mehrdimensionaler Techniken vor, die ein Teil des neuen Programms MBnumerics.m sind, welches in dieser Dissertation entwickelt wurde. Der Sektorzerlegungsansatz und der Integralansatz nach Mellin-Barnes sind zusammen ausreichend, um elektroschwache Zweischleifenkorrekturen für die Präzisionsobservablen der Annihilation von e^+e^- in zwei Fermionen in der Z-Bosonresonanz auszurechnen. Aktuell führt dies zu der genauesten Vorhersage für den effektiven elektroschwachen Mischungswinkel für bottom Quarks sin^2/theta/^b_eff = 0.232312.
In the Z-boson resonance physics several precision observables are in a perfect state, where the theory uncertainty is lower than the present experimental uncertainty. The ambitious concepts for the future collider, Future Circular Collider (FCC), aim for an improvement of measurements for the precision observables by one to two significant digits. This will put the Electroweak Standard Model predictions in a situation where complete two-loop corrections together with the leading three-loop corrections will become mandatory. The complete two-loop corrections for effective weak mixing angle for bottom quarks sin^2/theta/^b_eff were reported recently, by providing the missing bosonic two-loop corrections. The difficult task in this computation is the calculation of the corresponding two-loop vertex Feynman integrals which include several massive particles. At present the analytic evaluation for most of these integrals is out of reach and purely numerical techniques were applied. Only two methods, sector decomposition approach and the Mellin-Barnes integral approach, are known to extract infrared and ultraviolet singularities in a systematic way for a general Feynman integral with fully automatized algorithms. It was not known until recently how to treat Mellin-Barnes integral representations in Minkowskian regions numerically. To address this problem we introduce and discuss in detail a variety of one- and multi-dimensional techniques, which are part of a new program MBnumerics.m developed in this thesis work. Two techniques, sector decomposition and Mellin-Barnes integral approach, are together sufficient to treat electroweak two-loop corrections to the precision observables for the e^+e^- annihilation into two fermions at the Z-boson resonance. This leads to the most precise prediction at present for the effective weak mixing angle for bottom quarks: sin^2/theta/^b_eff=0.232312.
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13

Oliveira, Sancho Moura 1972. "Electroweak loop corrections to high energy processes." Doctoral thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/1566.

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14

Gabriel, Pedro Tiago Lopes. "One-loop corrections to Higgs decay to dark matter." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/49369.

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Tese de mestrado em Física (Física Nuclear e Partículas), 2021, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
À medida que as medições dos acoplamentos do bosão de Higgs se tornam cada vez mais precisas, a sua largura de decaimento poderá tornar-se numa ferramenta poderosa no estudo de extensões ao Modelo Padrão (SM) com sectores escuros, no Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Neste trabalho, queremos calcular as correcções electrofracas a 1-loop à amplitude de decaimento do bosão de Higgs para um par de partículas candidatas a matéria escura, no contexto da fase de dubleto escuro do Next-to-minimal 2- Higgs-doublet Model (N2HDM), com o objectivo de limitar o espaço de parâmetros do modelo. Começamos por apresentar os sectores escalar e de Yukawa do N2HDM geral. O N2HDM é uma extensão simples do Modelo Padrão da Física de Partículas (SM) com dois dubletos e um singleto de isospin fraco. O potencial do N2HDM contém duas simetrias Z2 para além da simetria de CP. Existem várias configurações de vácuo (fases) possíveis no N2HDM, nas quais se inclui a fase de dubleto escuro (DDP). Nesta fase, um dos dubletos e o singleto obtêm um valor de expectação de vácuo (VEV) não nulo, quebrando uma das simetrias Z2 do potencial e resultando em dois sectores escalares diferentes: um sector visível composto por dois bosões de Higgs neutros CP-par e um sector escuro composto por um escalar neutro CP-par, um escalar neutro CP-ímpar e dois escalares carregados. No âmbito da DDP, existem quatro processos de decaimento distintos que podem representar o decaimento do bosão de Higgs do Modelo Padrão para um par de partículas de matéria escura. Para que possamos calcular as correcções radiativas a 1-loop às amplitudes de decaimento destes processos, é necessário proceder à renormalização dos sectores escalar e de gauge do modelo. As massas e as funções de onda são renormalizadas recorrendo ao esquema de renormalização on-shell (OS), no qual a forma dos propagadores das partículas a ordens superiores é fixada como sendo igual à do nível árvore. Em conjunto com o esquema OS, também utilizamos o esquema alternativo de tadpoles (AT), através do qual são renormalizados os VEVs. Neste esquema de renormalização, os VEVs sofrem um desvio que resulta em diagramas de Feynman adicionais que contribuem para as correcção a 1-loop dos processos. A carga eléctrica é renormalizada recorrendo ao esquema Gµ. Este esquema trata de cor recções logarítmicas que surgem devido às baixas massas dos fermiões em relação à escala de energia electrofraca. O ângulo de mistura dos escalares CP-par, é renormalizado recorrendo ao esquema KOSY, assim denominado em honra a Shinya Kanemura, Yasuhiro Okada, Eibun Senaha, C.-P. Yuan. Junta mente com o esquema KOSY, utilizamos a pinch technique de modo a garantir a independência de gauge das amplitudes corrigidas. Os parâmetros restantes do potencial, são renormalizados utilizando três esquemas de renormalização distintos: o esquema MS e dois esquemas dependentes de processos físicos (process-dependent). Em ambos os esquemas process-dependent, o processo Hi → ADAD é utilizado como processo auxiliar para renormalizar o processo Hi → HDHD. Um dos esquemas é denominado OS process-dependent onde as partículas externas que participam no processo auxiliar estão on-shell. O outro esquema é denominado ZEM process-dependent onde as partículas externas que participam no processo auxiliar têm momento linear nulo. Neste trabalho definimos também os observáveis que pretendemos calcular. Começamos por definir os conceitos de largura parcial e largura total de decaimento, derivando a sua forma a leading order (LO) e a next-to-leading order (NLO). Por fim, definimos o conceito de fracção de decaimento, apresentando também a sua forma a LO e a NLO. Apresentamos dois cenários possíveis para o decaimento do bosão de Higgs para um par de partículas de matéria escura, no contexto da DDP. Estes cenários resultam da hierarquia entre as massas das duas partículas escalares do sector visível do DDP. No primeiro cenário, o cenário do Higgs leve, o bosão de Higgs do modelo padrão corresponde ao escalar visível mais leve, identificado como H1. No segundo cenário, o cenário do Higgs pesado, o bosão de Higgs corresponde ao escalar visível mais pesado na DDP, identificado como H2. Para cada cenário, apresentamos a forma explícita das correcções a 1-loop à amplitude do processo de decaimento. Também são apresentadas de forma explícita, as expressões para a largura parcial de decaimento e a fracção de decaimento a NLO. São apontadas algumas diferenças entre os dois cenários, nomeadamente o maior espaço de parâmetros e a contribuição adicional para a largura total de decaimento do processo H2 → H1H1, ambas no cenário do Higgs pesado. Relativamente a resultados numéricos, são apresentados dois estudos. No primeiro estudo, observamos como os diferentes esquemas de renormalização utilizados para fixar os contra-termos dos parâmetros m2 22 e λ8 se comportam relativamente a alguns parâmetros do modelo. Primeiro, abordamos a relação entre a largura parcial de decaimento e o acoplamento escuro λH1HDHD , no limite do modelo do dubleto inerte (IDM). Observamos que o esquema MS é muito sensível à massa do escalar carregado, produzindo correcções muito grandes à largura parcial de decaimento para valores mais altos da massa do escalar carregado. No caso dos esquemas process-dependent isto não ocorre, sendo que estes esquemas produzem correcções muito mais pequenas mesmo para valores mais altos da massa do escalar carregado. Estudamos também a relação entre o tamanho das correcções à largura parcial de decaimento e a diferença entre as massas dos escalares neutros do sector escuro. Concluímos que as correcções a 1-loop nos esquemas process-dependent são tanto maiores quanto maior é a diferença entre as massas. No caso do esquema MS isto não ocorre, mantendo-se o tamanho das correcções constante relativamente à diferença de massas. No segundo estudo numérico, realizamos um scan no espaço de parâmetros da DDP. Utilizamos o código ScannerS para gerar pontos do espaço de parâmetros para cada cenário, considerando constrangimentos teóricos e experimentais. Para cada ponto, é calculada a fracção de decaimento a NLO para o decaimento do bosão de Higgs para um par de partículas de matéria escura, no esquema MS e nos dois esquemas process-dependent. Concluímos que o esquema OS process-dependent é o mais estável dos três, enquanto que o esquema MS é o mais instável. Concluímos que a instabilidade do esquema MS não pode ser atribuída à escolha de escala de renormalização e que este esquema de renormalização simplesmente não é adequado a este caso em particular. Concluímos também que a estabilidade dos esquemas process-dependent está relacionada com o limite superior de 10 GeV para a diferença entre as massas dos escalares neutros do sector escuro. Por fim, comparamos as fracções de decaimento dos pontos com o actual limite experimental dos decaimentos invisíveis do bosão de Higgs, BR(h125 → invisible) < 0.11, excluindo todos os pontos com correcções à largura parcial de decaimento maiores do que 100%. Concluímos que, se impusermos limites às correcções a 1-loop de modo a que a teoria de perturbações seja válida, a maioria das fracções de decaimento a NLO para os esquemas de renormalização process-dependent estão abaixo do limite experimental. Desta forma, ainda não é possível obter constrangimentos para o espaço de parâmetros da DDP do N2HDM a next-to-leading order. No entanto, à medida que as medições dos acoplamentos do bosão de Higgs e dos seus decaimentos invisíveis se tornam cada vez mais precisas, estamos certos de que no futuro poderemos utilizar este método para restringir o espaço de parâmetros do modelo.
With the measurements of the Higgs boson couplings becoming more and more precise, its invisible decay width may prove to be a powerful tool in probing Standard Model extensions with dark sectors at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In this work, we calculate the one-loop electroweak corrections to the partial decay width of the Higgs boson decay into a pair of dark matter particles, in the context of the Next to-minimal 2-Higgs-doublet model in its dark doublet phase. We start by performing the renormalization of the scalar and gauge sectors of the N2HDM. With the renormalized model, we calculate the expressions for the one-loop corrected partial decay width and branching ratio of the Higgs boson decay into a pair of dark matter particles. In the end, we show that the current measurement on the Higgs-to-invisible branching ratio, BR(h125 → invisible) < 0.11, does not constrain the parameter space of the N2HDM at leading order. We also conclude that, by requiring the one-loop corrections to not be unphysically large, no constraints on the parameter space can be extracted yet at next-to-leading order.
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Boughezal, Radja [Verfasser]. "Three loop corrections to electroweak precision observables in the large Higgs mass limit / vorgelegt von Radja Boughezal." 2005. http://d-nb.info/976352311/34.

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XIE, GUO-HAO, and 謝國豪. "One loop corrections to the coefficient function of the quark condensate inthe QCD sum rule for the δmeson." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25550513061729733409.

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Schmidt-Sommerfeld, Maximilian [Verfasser]. "One-loop and D-instanton corrections to the effective action of open string models / vorgelegt von Maximilian Schmidt-Sommerfeld." 2009. http://d-nb.info/995755442/34.

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