Journal articles on the topic 'Electrostatic precipitators (ESP)'
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1
Dhayef, Haidar K., and Thamir H. Khalaf. "The Impact of Electrodes Arrangement on ESP Efficiency." NeuroQuantology 20, no. 2 (February 25, 2022): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/nq.2022.20.2.nq22020.
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In the last few decades, electrostatic precipitators (ESP) have been improvement and many new methods have been implemented to increase in term of Particles collection efficiency in the sub micrometer size range. electrostatic precipitators rely on corona discharge processes to remove airborne dust particles. To understand particle behavior and flow dynamics inside electrostatic precipitators, a precise measurement of the electric field and charge density distribution is required. The electric field and charge density distributions in the negative wire-to-duct electrostatic precipitator were calculated using Poisson and charge conservation equations. typical efficiency of ESP as a function of geometrical and operation factors. In this paper, ESP designed and simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics® 5.5. The effects of the distance between discharge-wires on collection efficiency was studied.
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Xia, Shaobo, Lu Duan, Jianpeng Wang, and Renshan Ji. "Effect of the Surface Treatment Process of Filter Bags on the Performance of Hybrid Electrostatic Precipitators and Bag Filters." Atmosphere 13, no. 8 (August 15, 2022): 1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13081294.
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Hybrid electrostatic precipitators consisting of electrostatic precipitation (ESP) and a bag filter are potential devices for ultralow emissions. The ESP captures and charges the particles; subsequently, the charged particles that escape enter the bag filter. The charged particles can cause the electric field of the filter bag to develop, thereby enhancing the filtration efficiency due to the force of the electric field. Experiments based on the coupling-reinforced electrostatic–fabric integrated precipitator system were conducted to investigate the outlet total dust concentration, dust removal efficiency, pressure drop, energy consumption of bag filter, and hybrid electrostatic precipitators with various filter bags. The measured results demonstrate that the removal performance of filter bags with smaller fiber diameters was superior. However, the pressure drop and energy consumption were high due to the increased filtration resistance. Compared to bag filters, hybrid electrostatic precipitators had lower total and grade dust mass concentrations at the outlet, higher total and grade dust removal efficiencies, a minor average pressure drop variation per minute, and lower total energy consumption. Consequently, the quality factor was utilized to comprehensively evaluate the overall performance of dust collectors. The hybrid electrostatic precipitators had a significant greater quality factor; their overall performance was superior to that of bag filters. Overall, a smaller filter bag’s fiber diameter resulted in more effective dust removal capabilities. Hybrid electrostatic precipitators with various filter bags were significantly better than bag filters in terms of dust removal performance, cycle life, and energy consumption.
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Han, Bangzhong. "Prospect Analysis of High Frequency Inverter Used in ESP." Electronics Science Technology and Application 2 (December 3, 2015): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/esta.v2i1.2.
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It has been difficult for the old ESP to meet the new dust emission standards, and the update of the equipment costs a lot of money, therefore, how to reach a higher cost performance becomes the focus of attention. After researches we found that the replacement of the industrial frequency power with the high-frequency inverter of the ESP power can greatly improve the collection efficiency, with a high cost performance and a good prospect of application. The core idea of electrostatic precipitators of high frequency inverter is to transfer three-phase working frequency power into DC power, make use of modernized power electronic technologies and transfer DC power inverter into high frequency AC for control. We can see from this article that electrostatic precipitators of high frequency inverter enjoy the following strengths: (l) Three-phase rectifier transfers three-phase AC power into DC power; the inverter transfers DC voltage into high frequency AC voltage. This method enjoys great flexibility in the control. (2) The output form of high frequency AC voltage square wave in the inverter transfers step-up transformer into high frequency transformer. (3) Compared with the traditional power supply of controllable silicon working frequency phase control electrostatic precipitators, the electrostatic precipitators power supply of high frequency inverter adopts full-controllable power component: IGBT which features swift switch-on/off speed and in case of flashover in the electrostatic precipitators, it is switched off immediately. Research has discovered that high frequency inverter can greatly upgrade the dust collection efficiency, enjoy favorable advancement and very high performance-price ratio and realize broad application prospect.
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SRETENOVIC, IVAN. "New learnings and strategies for meeting future recovery boiler particulate emission limits with existing electrostatic precipitators." June 2021 20, no. 6 (July 1, 2021): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj20.6.405.
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It is foreseeable that recovery boiler particulate emission limits in the United States and Canada will continue to get more stringent with time. Because of this, continued improvement of emission control equipment, as well as a better understanding of how operating parameters affect performance, are necessary. Although electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are often viewed as a mature technology, many improvements in ESP technology continue to be developed. In recent years, academic efforts have improved the understanding of recovery boiler operating conditions on ESP performance. Additionally, advancements in materials, power supplies, and design continue to improve the efficiency and reliability of ESPs. This paper discusses how recovery boiler and electrostatic precipitator (ESP) operating factors affect ESP performance based on process simulations and practical experience, and how these learnings can be implemented to improve future operation of existing ESPs.
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Dobrowolski, Adrian, Damian Pieloth, Helmut Wiggers, and Markus Thommes. "Electrostatic Precipitation of Submicron Particles in a Molten Carrier." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 6 (June 13, 2019): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11060276.
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Recently, submicron particles have been discussed as a means to increase the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Separation of these small particles is done with both fibre and membrane filters, as well as electrostatic precipitators. A major disadvantage of an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is the agglomerate formation on the precipitation electrode. These agglomerates frequently show low bioavailability, due to the decreased specific surface area and poor wettability. In this work, a new melt electrostatic precipitator was developed and tested to convert submicron particles into a solid dispersion in order to increase the bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The submicron particles were generated by spray drying and transferred to the ESP, where the collection electrode is covered with a melt, which served as matrix after solidification. The newly developed melt electrostatic precipitator was able to collect isolated naproxen particles in a molten carrier. A solid naproxen xylitol dispersion was prepared, which showed a reduction of the dissolution time by 82%, and a release of 80% of the total drug, compared to the physical mixture.
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Pavithra, V., and P. Karpagavalli. "Power Electronic Solution for Dust Emission from Thermal Power Plant." Journal of Electrical Engineering and Automation 4, no. 2 (July 22, 2022): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jeea.2022.2.006.
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In thermal power stations, flue gases are let to the atmospheric air through the chimney. This exhaust gas contains some toxic elements like Suspended Particle Matter (SPM), SOX, NOX, Mercury etc. It causes air pollution in the atmosphere and affects the human beings and aquatic lives. The allowable limit of this flue gas dust emission to the atmosphere is about 50 mg/m3. In order to separate this dust particle from the flue gas, Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP) are used to collect those unwanted suspended particles before passing them to chimney. ESP requires high efficiency to extract those dust and hence, High-Frequency High Voltage (HFHV) power supply is applied to increase the efficiency of the collecting electrode of the electrostatic precipitator. The HFHV power supply provides a significant reduction in the size and weight of the complete ESP installation.
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David, Beula, Indira Megaravalli Shankarappa, and Balaji Nerayanur. "High voltage power supply controller for Electrostatic precipitators." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i1.pp432-443.
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Gaseous exhausts from various industries pollute the environment with fly-ash generally filtered by electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) before being released to the atmosphere. This paper presents the development of a controller for ESP power supply. The controller maintains the voltage applied to ESP at its maximum average value by duty cycle control that results in an improvement in dust collection-efficiency. The limiting factor for the output voltage is the breakdown of gas (spark/arc) in the electrode gap of ESP. During a spark/arc condition, the duty cycle limit imposed by the controller causes a reduction in output voltage that leads to the prevention of spark/arc. The present design has a response faster than line frequency power supply controllers. The control circuit is simpler, easy to implement and uses a standard PWM controller IC. The design of power stage uses a flyback current-fed push-pull DC-DC converter with multiple secondary circuits, which has the advantages of instantaneous current limit and less voltage stress on rectifier-diodes. Simulation is performed to obtain a 1 kV, 100 W output from a 24VDC source. The results are compared with experimental values to validate the controller’s ability to achieve good load regulation during normal operation and a reduction in output voltage during spark/arc condition.
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Chen, Deng Feng, Xiao Dong Yang, and Hai Yan Xiao. "Numerical Simulation of Particle Trajectory in Electrostatic Precipitator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 568-570 (June 2014): 1743–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.568-570.1743.
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The performance of Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) is significantly affected by complex flow distribution. Recent years, many numerical models have been developed to model the particle motion in the electrostatic precipitators. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code FLUENT is used in description of the turbulent gas flow and the particle motion under electrostatic forces. The gas flow are carried out by solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations and turbulence is modeled by the k-ε turbulence model. The effect of electric field is described by a series equations, such as the electric field and charge transport equations, the charged particle equation, the charge conservation equation, the mass and momentum equations of gas, the mass and momentum equations of particle and so on. The particle phase is simulated by using Discrete Phase Model (DPM). The simulations showed that the particle trajectory inside the ESP is influenced by both the aerodynamic and electrostatic forces. The simulated results have been validated by the established data.
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Feng, Zhuangbo, Long Zhengwei, and Kazimierz Adamiak. "A CRITICAL REVIEW OF MODELS USED IN NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS." Informatics Control Measurement in Economy and Environment Protection 6, no. 4 (December 18, 2016): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.5182.
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The electrostatic precipitators (ESP) have been drawing more and more attention due to their high efficiency and low costs. Numerical simulation is a powerful, economical and flexible tool to design ESP for industry applications. This review summarizes the available numerical models to simulate different physical processes in ESP, including ionized electric field, air flow, particle charging and motion. It has been confirmed that the available models could provide acceptable results and the computing requirements are affordable in industry applications. The coupling between different physical processes can also be considered in simulation. However, there are still some problems not solved, such as selection of a suitable turbulence model in EHD simulation and the coupling criteria. The future study should focus on these issues. This review also includes new types of ESP developed in recent years, such as dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) ESP and corona assisted fibrous filter. These new types of ESP have had high efficiency and low energy consumption. Even though nearly all new ESP types can be modeled using the available numerical models, the most challenging issue is the DBD simulation.
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Jin, Shuo, Meng Gao, Ji-Xiong Xiao, Xiao-Xing Zhang, Wen-Hao Han, Qian-Jun Deng, Ying-Hao Guo, and Yang Yang. "Simulation Research on Particle Collection Efficiency of Electrostatic Precipitators." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 16, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 1797–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2021.3138.
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Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) have been widely used to remove particles from exhausted gases in many industrial processes. The performance of ESPs is affected by operating parameters such as inlet velocity, applied voltage and other factors. A numerical method of multi-field coupling is used to study the influence of different factors on the distributions of electric field and flow field in an ESP. The results show that the particle collection efficiency of 0.1–10 µm particles has a U-shaped distribution relationship with particle size. With the increase of applied voltage and electrode length, and the decrease of inlet velocity and anode-cathode distance, the particle collection efficiency increases. The established numerical model and corresponding conclusion can provide some guidance for the optimal design of ESPs.
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Ozawa, M., and J. I. Yanagihara. "EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF OHMIC RESISTIVITY OF FLY ASH FOR DESIGN OF ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2005): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v4i2.5403.
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The objective of the present work is to determine the ohmic resistivity of fly ashes collected at electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) attached to boilers burning Brazilian coals. An experimental device to measure the fly ash resistivity was designed and constructed; tests were conducted according to accepted standards in other countries. It was the first time that this kind of measurement was conducted for Brazilian coals. The tested materials were collected from ESPs operating in the southern region of Brazil, where the mineral coal is commonly used. The ohmic resistivity of the tested materials was smaller compared to mineral coals from abroad. The resistivity of the fly ash increased when the temperature was raised, which is in accordance with reported results for mineral coals from abroad. Tests with particulate material collected from the electrostatic precipitator (ESP) of a biomass boiler showed that its ohmic resistivity is much lower than the resistivity of fly ash from the mineral coal. This means that the ESP for biomass boiler should be smaller, which is in accordance with the industrial practice. Based on the experimental results, practical comments about ESP sizing were made in order to assist engineers and technicians dealing with the problem of gas treatment in coal combustion.
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Volchyn, I. A., O. M. Kolomiets, and V. A. Raschepkin. "AN ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION TO ESP RECONSTRUCTION FOR THE COAL FIRING THERMAL POWER PLANTS." Energy Technologies & Resource Saving, no. 3 (September 20, 2017): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33070/etars.3.2017.06.
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The mathematical modeling is performed of the efficiency of flue gas cleaning from fly ash particles of coal-fired thermal power plants, upon installation of a preliminary flue gas cleaning system that consists of a louvered dust concentrator and a battery cyclone, with the recirculation of flue gas from the battery cyclone outlet to the electrostatic precipitator pre-chamber. Based on the available experimental data for the fractional composition of fly ash downstream the boilers of coal-fired TPPs, the size distribution functions were calculated, of fly ash particles at each stage of the preliminary dust-cleaning process, as well as concentrations and modified particle size distributions, to be further used as the input data for designing options and scope of the reconstruction of existing electrostatic precipitators. Bibl. 13, Fig. 3.
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Afshari, Alireza, Lars Ekberg, Luboš Forejt, Jinhan Mo, Siamak Rahimi, Jeffrey Siegel, Wenhao Chen, Pawel Wargocki, Sultan Zurami, and Jianshun Zhang. "Electrostatic Precipitators as an Indoor Air Cleaner—A Literature Review." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 22, 2020): 8774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218774.
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Many people spend most of their time in an indoor environment. A positive relationship exists between indoor environmental quality and the health, wellbeing, and productivity of occupants in buildings. The indoor environment is affected by pollutants, such as gases and particles. Pollutants can be removed from the indoor environment in various ways. Air-cleaning devices are commonly marketed as benefiting the removal of air pollutants and, consequently, improving indoor air quality. Depending on the type of cleaning technology, air cleaners may generate undesired and toxic byproducts. Different air filtration technologies, such as electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) have been introduced to the market. The ESP has been used in buildings because it can remove particles while only causing low pressure drops. Moreover, ESPs can be either in-duct or standalone units. This review aims to provide an overview of ESP use, methods for testing this product, the performance of existing ESPs concerning removing pollutants and their byproducts, and the existing market for ESPs.
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Kılıç, Muhsin, Mustafa Mutlu, and Ayşe Fidan Altun. "Numerical Simulation and Analytical Evaluation of the Collection Efficiency of the Particles in a Gas by the Wire-Plate Electrostatic Precipitators." Applied Sciences 12, no. 13 (June 23, 2022): 6401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12136401.
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In this study, a numerical simulation model and an analytical method are introduced to evaluate the particle collection efficiency and transport phenomena in an electrostatic precipitator (ESP). Several complicated physical processes are involved in an ESP, including the turbulent flow, the ionization of gas by corona discharge, particles’ movement, and the displacement of electric charge. The attachment of ions charges suspended particles in the gas media. Then, charged particles in the fluid move towards the collection plate and stick on it. The numerical model comprises the gas flow, electrostatic field, and particle motions. The collection efficiency of the wire-plate type ESP is investigated for the particle diameter range of 0.02 to 10 µm. It is observed that electric field strengths and current densities show considerable variation in the solution domain. Meanwhile, changing supply voltage and charging wire diameters significantly affect the acquired charges on the electrostatic field and particle collecting efficiencies. Simultaneously, the distance between the charging and collecting electrodes and the main fluid inlet velocity has an important effect on the particle collection efficiency. The influence of the different ESP working conditions and particle dimensions on the performance of ESP are investigated and discussed.
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Jaroudi, Ezzat, Ivan Sretenovic, Greg Evans, and Honghi Tran. "Factors affecting particulate removal efficiency of kraft recovery boiler electrostatic precipitators: a technical review." May 2018 17, no. 05 (June 1, 2018): 273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj17.05.273.
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Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are used in most pulp mills to remove particulate from recovery boilers, power boilers, and lime kilns. As environmental regulations have become increasingly stringent in recent years, maintaining high ESP performance is of vital importance in mill operation. This paper discusses results of a literature review of the ESP technology used in industrial combustion units, including recovery boilers, as well as results of a parametric study using the well-known Deutsch-Anderson equation to correlate recovery boiler operating conditions with ESP collection efficiency. The results show that for particles up to about 0.3 μm, the ESP collection efficiency decreases drastically with increased particle size and with decreased temperature. For particles larger than 0.5 μm, however, the trend reverses; the collection efficiency increases with increased particle size and decreased temperature. The results also suggest that the particle concentration (or loading) in the flue gas has no effect on collection efficiency and that sodium chloride particles are more readily captured than sodium sulfate particles. The latter prediction, however, appears to be in contradiction with mill experience that sodium chloride particles are more difficult to capture.
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Nussbaumer, Thomas, and Adrian Lauber. "Monitoring the availability of electrostatic precipitators (ESP) in automated biomass combustion plants." Biomass and Bioenergy 89 (June 2016): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2016.02.027.
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Liu, Chao-Yun, Chao-Heng Tseng, and Kai-Feng Wang. "The Assessment of Indoor Formaldehyde and Bioaerosol Removal by Using Negative Discharge Electrostatic Air Cleaners." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 12 (June 12, 2022): 7209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127209.
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This study investigated the single-pass performance of a negative corona electrostatic precipitators (ESP) in removing suspended particulates (PM2.5 and PM10), formaldehyde (HCHO), and bioaerosols (bacteria and fungi) and measured the ozone (O3) concentration generated by ESP. The experimental results revealed that if the operational conditions for the ESP were set to high voltage (−10.5 kV) and low air flow rate (2.4 m3/min), ESP had optimal air pollutant removal efficiency. In the laboratory system, its PM2.5 and PM10 removal rates both reached 99% at optimal conditions, and its HCHO removal rate was 55%. In field tests, its PM2.5, PM10, HCHO, bacteria, and fungi removal rates reached 89%, 90%, 46%, 69%, and 85% respectively. The ESP in the laboratory system (−10.5 kV and 2.4 m3/min) generated 7.374 ppm of O3 under optimal conditions. Under the same operational conditions, O3 generated by ESP in the food waste storage room and the meeting room were 1.347 ppm and 1.749 ppm, respectively. The removal of HCHO and bioaerosols was primarily attributed to their destruction in the corona, as well as ozone oxidation, and collection on the dust collection plate.
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Qi, Li Qiang, and Ya Juan Zhang. "Investigation on the Characteristic of Fly Ash in Electrostatic Precipitators." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 869–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.869.
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The dielectric characteristic of fly ash is an important factor to influence the efficiency of electrostatic precipitators (ESP). By studying on the volt-ampere characteristic, the resistivity characteristic and the electric breakdown characteristic of fly ash burned coal, it is found that the relation among the voltage forced to the ash layer, the leak current flowed to the ash layer and the specific resistivity of fly ash does not always follow the classical ohm’s law, that is, V/I is not always constant. The volt-ampere characteristic curves of fly ash have different shapes while the voltage is in the different phases. Along with the voltage increasing, the specific resistivity is tending downward, and the range is less than 1 order of magnitude. Different fly ash has different capacity characteristic. And there are three methods to the breakdown of fly ash: the volume breakdown, the surface breakdown, and the interstice breakdown. The ways of breakdown is influenced with the particle characteristic, the surface characteristic and the electrostatic characteristic.
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Duong, Bich Ngoc, Men Van Truong, Quang Thanh Le, Tai Tan Phan, and Luong Van Truong. "A RESEARCH OF THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE GAS VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION IN ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR THROUGH CFD SIMULATION." Scientific Journal of Tra Vinh University 1, no. 42 (February 15, 2021): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.35382/18594816.1.42.2021.696.
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Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) have been widely used in different fields such as thermal power plants, cement plants, production of constructive materials, chemical industry, fertilizer production, . . . due to their advantagesover other dust collector systems. One of the parameters which influences on dust removing efficiency of the ESP devices is the speed and velocity distribution of the polluted gas in the collecting chamber. This paper presents the research results of improving the uniform distribution of the gas velocity in the collecting chamber of ESP using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation. The simulation results showed that as the dispersion plate was installed at the gas inlet of the collecting chamber the velocity distribution of gas flow was more uniform and its direction was more stable towards the outlet. In addition, the dispersion plate also improved the flow stability at different flow rates and the smaller hole diameter on the dispersion plate was better for the velocity distribution and direction in the flow. The research results provide an approach foroptimum design of a ESP with high collection efficiency.
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Lee, Jun-Bok, Ki-Hyun Kim, Heung-Joo Kim, Seog-Ju Cho, Kweon Jung, and Shin-Do Kim. "Emission Rate of Particulate Matter and Its Removal Efficiency by Precipitators in Under-Fired Charbroiling Restaurants." Scientific World JOURNAL 11 (2011): 1077–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2011.103.
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In order to explore the potent role of meat cooking processes as the emission sources of particulate matter (PM), emission rates and the associated removal efficiency by precipitators were estimated based on the on-site measurements made at five under-fired charbroiling (UFC) restaurants. The emission patterns of PM for these five restaurants were compared after having been sorted into the main meat types used for cooking: beef (B), chicken (C), intestines (I), and pork (P: two sites). The mass concentrations (μg m-3) of three PM fractions (PM2.5/PM10/TSP) measured from these restaurants were 15,510/15,701/17,175 (C); 8,525/10,760/12,676 (B); 11,027/13,249/13,488 (P); and 22,409/22,412/22,414 (I). Emission factors (g kg-1) for those PM fractions were also estimated as 3.23/4.08/4.80 (B), 3.07/3.82/3.87 (P), 8.12/8.22/8.99 (C), and 6.59/6.59/6.59 (I). If the annual emission rate of PM10is extrapolated by combining its emission factor, population, activity factor, etc., it is estimated as 500 ton year-1, which corresponds to 2.4% of the PM10budget in Seoul, Korea. Removal efficiencies of PM10via precipitators, such as an electrostatic precipitator (ESP), bag filter (BF), and the combination system (ESP + catalyst), installed in those UFC restaurants ranged between 54.76 and 98.98%. The removal efficiency of PM by this control system was the least effective for particles with <0.4 μm, although those in the range of 0.4–10 μm were the most effective.
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Cid, Natalia, Juan Jesús Rico, Raquel Pérez-Orozco, and Ana Larrañaga. "Experimental Study of the Performance of a Laboratory-Scale ESP with Biomass Combustion: Discharge Electrode Disposition, Dynamic Control Unit and Aging Effect." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 16, 2021): 10344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810344.
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The increasing use of biomass combustion systems as household appliances for heat generation is causing concern about local air quality. Areas with high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) emissions are linked to health risks. There is a need for a removal device that collects the particles before they reach the atmosphere. Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are the most suitable option. In this study, a laboratory-scale prototype ESP was tested with a pellet boiler. Retention efficiencies above 90% were obtained with three different discharge electrode dispositions. The continuous operation of the ESP was achieved with a dynamic control system despite fluctuations in emissions, gas conditions, etc. The accumulation of particles on inner ESP surfaces over the operation time reduced the effectiveness of the electric field, and thus retention efficiency. In this study, the retention efficiency fell from 90% to 31% in 34 h.
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Karthe, Daniel, Tim Hafer, Byambasuren Battulga, Lodoysamba Sereeter, and Gunther Stehr. "Pollution Reduction Potential By Implementing Electrostatic Dust Precipitators On Mongolian Small-Scale Stoves (A Pilot Study In Ulaanbaatar)." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 13, no. 3 (October 2, 2020): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2020-50.
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The Mongolian capital of Ulaanbaatarexperiences some of the world’s worst air pollution during the winter months, most of it being caused by small coal- and wood-fired stoves which are used for heating and cooking purposes in peri-urban parts of the city. A recent pilot study in Songinokhairkhan District of Ulaanbaatar City evaluated the feasibility of electrostatic dust precipitators (ESP) for reducing particulate matter (PM) emissions from small stoves. This paper focuses on the pollution reduction potentials that would result from a large-scale implementation of ESPs. Using a locally developed low- cost ESP system (which is currently in the process of further improvement), reduction rates ranging between 10 to 50% of the PM emissions (depending on the fuel and combustion conditions) could be achieved. Fitting all or at least a major fraction of the small stoves with such ESPs could reduce PM emissions by an order of several thousand tons per heating season for the whole city. The avoided particle emissions would simultaneously prevent atmospheric pollution by various trace metals and metalloids including As, Cd, Pb and Zn, which are known to be major soil and water pollutants locally, and several other toxic substances. However, this also means that safe disposal strategies must be developed for the fly ash precipitated during ESP operation.
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Neyestanak, Ali Akbar Lotfi, Saeed Adib Nazari, Ali Imam, and Cyrus Aghanajafi. "Fatigue Durability Analysis of Collecting Rapping System in Electrostatic Precipitators under Impact Loading." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/136059.
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Due to the importance of collecting rapping system in electrostatic precipitators (ESP) and controlling the relevant damage under impact loading, fatigue durability of this system is analyzed in the present study based on the numerical and experimental results considering fatigue damage growth and vibration acceleration in the collecting system because of the successive impact of rapping hammers. By microscopic examination of the fracture surface of rapping hammer, beach marks obviously show typical fatigue failure in the rapping hammer arm. In addition, the microscopic examination of the cross section of the collecting plates indicates the corrosion voids which cause crack and eventually fatigue failure. The finite element method is applied to determine both the stress and concentration positions of dynamic stress on the rapping system under impact loading. The paper results can be utilized in system optimization and new material selection for the system by evaluating rapping system durability.
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Vukosavic, Slobodan, Nikola Popov, and Zeljko Despotovic. "Power electronics solution to dust emissions from thermal power plants." Serbian Journal of Electrical Engineering 7, no. 2 (2010): 231–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sjee1002231v.
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Thermal power stations emit significant amounts of fly ash and ultra fine particles into the atmosphere. Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) or electro filters remove flying ashes and fine particles from the flue gas before passing the gas into the chimney. Maximum allowable value of dust is 50 mg/m3 and it requires that the efficiency of the ESPs better than 99 %, which calls for an increase of active surface of the electrodes, hence increasing the filter volume and the weight of steel used for the filter. In previous decades, electrostatic precipitators in thermal power plants were fed by thyristor controlled, single phase fed devices having a high degree of reliability, but with a relatively low collection efficiency, hence requiring large effective surface of the collection plates and a large weight of steel construction in order to achieve the prescribed emission limits. Collection efficiency and energy efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator can be increased by applying high frequency high voltage power supply (HF HV). Electrical engineering faculty of the University of Belgrade (ETF) has developed technology and HF HV equipment for the ESP power supply. This solution was subjected to extensive experimental investigation at TE Morava from 2008 to 2010. High frequency power supply is proven to reduce emission two times in controlled conditions while increasing energy efficiency of the precipitator, compared to the conventional thyristor controlled 50Hz supply. Two high frequency high voltage unit AR70/1000 with parameters 70 kV and 1000 mA are installed at TE Morava and thoroughly testes. It was found that the HF HV power supply of the ESP at TE Morava increases collection efficiency so that emission of fine particles and flying ashes are halved, brought down to only 50 % of the emissions encountered with conventional 50 Hz thyristor driven power supplies. On the basis of this study, conclusion is drawn that the equipment comprising HF HV supplies are the best solution for new ESP installations, as well as for the reconstruction of existing facilities. The paper describes the topology of the HF HV power supply, power management and controls, and brings the most important details of the implementation. It is found that the HF HV solution achieves several significant improvements over the conventional thyristor system. It is possible to provide more precise control of the ESP parameters such as the output voltages and currents. It is also possible to make a rapid increase or decrease in voltage and to effectuate a very fast response to load changes. Due to this advantages it is possible to suppress the supply quickly in the case of sparking, reducing the spark energy and the quantity of ionized gasses produced by the electric arc. Reduction in the spark energy is up to 10 times compared to conventional thyristors solution. This means that the erosion of the electrode system is significantly reduced, and that the quality of the collection plates is preserved for much longer periods. At the same time, lower quantity of ionized gasses produced by the spark contribute to much shorter deionization intervals, required to quit sparking and evacuate charged particles in order to reinstate the voltage and proceed with the operation. In addition, HF HV power supply provides a significant reduction in size and weight of the complete ESP installation, hence reducing the tons of steel that has to be built in. Therefore, the HF HV power supply may be the key instrument to reducing the cost of the dedusting ecological equipment. Besides, size and weight reduction leads to cost savings of installation and maintenance. According to estimates, savings in steel may reach 30%, contributing to the overall cost savings of roughly 20%. Within this paper, in addition to describing the AR70/1000 unit topology and principles of operation, the paper presents the results and measurements obtained during extensive experimental investigations wherein performances of 50 Hz based thyristor units with T/R sets are compared to HF HV power supply.
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Manzano-Agugliaro, Francisco, and Javier Carrillo-Valle. "Conversion of an existing electrostatic precipitator casing to Pulse Jet Fabric filter in fossil power plants." DYNA 83, no. 195 (February 23, 2016): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v83n195.49723.
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The combustion process of power generation plants originates particulates. There are different technologies to collecting particulate such as electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) or fabric filters. Currently, these ESPs take 25 or 35 years in service and if the performance expectations of their Plants are positives, improving investments required which can adapt to the new particulate emission limits becoming more stringent. This paper analyzes an alternative means great savings in investment costs; Conversion of the existing ESP casing to a Pulse Jet fabric filter. This study also presents a real case, implementing this conversion with good results in unit of 660 MW power plants of Italy.
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Namiki, Norikazu, Fumie Yoshikawa, Akihiro Komatsu, Yoshio Otani, Pramod Kulkarni, Pratim Biswas, and Yong-Shik Kim. "Effective Collection of Ultrafine Particles with Soft X-Ray Irradiation Under Applied Electric Field and/or Corona Discharge." Journal of the IEST 46, no. 1 (September 14, 2003): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.46.1.u82126056727rxq1.
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Conventional electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) used for exhaust gas treatment equipment and air cleaners have generally been said to have a penetration window in a submicrometer particle size range. Further, recent works have shown that the collection efficiency of particles with a diameter less than about 50 nm decreases due to poor charging by the corona. In this paper, we describe an attempt to use in situ soft X-ray irradiation to enhance the ultrafine particles in the ESP. A laboratory-scale ESP was configured to irradiate particles with soft X-rays. The collection efficiency of the particles was then measured with and without irradiation to examine the enhancement. The results showed a noticeable improvement in the efficiency of ultrafine particles (dp <60 nm) with irradiation. In particular, X-ray irradiation combined with corona discharge was much more effective than irradiation without it. Further, a higher efficiency was obtained with a positive corona than with a negative one.
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Popa, Gabriel Nicolae, Corina Maria Diniș, and Angela Iagăr. "Investigations on Three-Section Plate-Type Electrostatic Precipitators Used in Thermoelectric Power Plants." Energies 16, no. 3 (January 21, 2023): 1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16031186.
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Dust emissions must be managed and reduced as much as possible to safeguard the environment and human health. Plate-type electrostatic precipitators have been used to decrease pollution in a number of sectors, particularly for applications needing massive volumes of gas to be dedusted at high dust concentrations and temperatures. This paper examines large-capacity plate-type electrostatic precipitators with three sections used in a coal-fired thermal power plant. Using simulations and experiments, the collection efficiency (in different ways of supplying sections, without and with sections rapping), the influence of dust resistivity and a dust layer on the surfaces of collection electrodes, the electrical parameters (voltage, current density, and space charge density) for the sections of the electrostatic precipitators, and the electrical parameters of the power sources (voltage, current, power, and power factor) are studied. A higher dust resistivity will cause a change in the shape of the voltage delivered to the sections, an increase in the average voltage from sections, and a decrease in collecting efficiency (by a few percent). A greater degree of intermittence alters the current-voltage characteristics of the sections, decreases the current across the sections, and improves collection efficiency. The density of space charges increases with the degree of intermittency and is highest at the input section. With increasing thickness of the dust layer on the collection electrodes, the collection efficiency increases. PM10 dust particles (which have a lower migration speed) are the hardest to collect with ESPs. When the sections are rapping, PM 20–30 dust particles are more difficult to collect because their migration speeds decrease significantly (compared to the situation when the sections are not rapping). The operation of the power sources of the ESP sections is dynamic, being controlled by the regulators, and the current (or current density), depending on the voltage characteristics, changes permanently (at intervals of a few seconds). The power sources of the sections are deforming consumers (the current is much different from the sinusoidal form).
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Behjat, Vahid, Afshin Rezaei-Zare, Issouf Fofana, and Ali Naderian. "Concept Design of a High-Voltage Electrostatic Sanitizer to Prevent Spread of COVID-19 Coronavirus." Energies 14, no. 22 (November 22, 2021): 7808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14227808.
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In addition to public health measures, including social distancing, masking, cleaning, surface disinfection, etc., ventilation and air filtration can be a key component of a multi-pronged risk mitigation strategy against COVID-19 transmission indoors. Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) have already proved their high performance in fluid filtration, particularly in industrial applications, to control exhaust gas emissions and remove fine and superfine particles from the flowing gas, using high-voltage electrostatic fields and forces. In this contribution, a high-voltage electrostatic sanitizer (ESS), based on the electrostatic precipitation concept, is proposed as a supportive measure to reduce indoor air infection and prevent the spread of COVID-19 coronavirus. The finite element method (FEM) is used to model and simulate the proposed ESS, taking into account three main mechanisms involving in electrostatic sanitization, namely electrostatic field, airflow, and aerosol charging and tracing, which are mutually coupled to each other and occur simultaneously during the sanitization process. To consider the capability of the designed ESS in capturing superfine particles, functional parameters of the developed ESS, such as air velocity, electric potential, and space charge density, inside the ESS are investigated using the developed FEM model. Simulation results demonstrate the ability of the designed ESS in capturing aerosols containing coronavirus, precipitating suspended viral particles, and trapping them in oppositely charged electrode plates.
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Salleh, Siti Hawa, Rohaya Abdul Malek, Salmie Suhana Che Abdullah, Huseyin Zengin, and Azri Zainal Abidin. "Electrochemical Study of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/ Industrial Waste Coating on Mg Substrate via Sol-Gel Method." Materials Science Forum 1076 (December 8, 2022): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-u4ky98.
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Industrial waste is primarily handled using landfills in both developed and developing countries. While there has been a significant rise in solid waste reduction, reuse, and recycling, landfill disposal will inevitably remain the most commonly used form of waste management. Although landfilling provides an economic means of waste disposal, it can lead to environmental degradation by releasing various contaminants if not managed properly. In this work, industrial waste from electrostatic precipitators (ESP) will be beneficial for the production of coatings on metal substrates. The sol-gel coating method have been attempted for deposition on pure Mg samples. Using the potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) method and hydrogen evolution analysis, the effectiveness of the coating, which is the corrosion resistance was analyzed. A minimal application of Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the ESP dust solution has been shown to substantially reduce the corrosion rate of Mg. This is likely due to the impact of its concentrations through the sol-gel process that could increase the size of the particle shape or growth.
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Park, Dae Hoon, So-Hee An, Yeawan Lee, Yong-Jin Kim, Bangwoo Han, and Hak-Joon Kim. "Development of On-Demand Antiviral Electrostatic Precipitators with Electrothermal-Based Antiviral Surfaces against Airborne Virus Particles." Toxics 10, no. 10 (October 11, 2022): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10100601.
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Particulate matter, including airborne pathogens, is of particular concern because it can cause the spread of diseases through aerosol transmission. In this study, a new concept is proposed: on-demand antiviral electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) with electrothermal-based antiviral surfaces. We applied electrothermal-based antiviral surfaces to air-purifying applications and demonstrated that the proposed method is effective with regard to collecting airborne virus particles on collection plates in a two-stage ESP. With alternating current power, MS2 bacteriophage and H1N1 viruses were completely deactivated after exposure to 50 °C for 30 min. This remarkable antiviral performance via electrothermal effects indicates that on-demand platforms for self-antiviral surfaces can perform sterilization immediately without generating secondary pollutants, thus effectively preventing the spread of infectious microorganisms in public places. We believe that the results of this study can provide useful guidelines for the design and realization of practical and wearable devices for antiviral air-purifying applications.
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Wang, S., L. Zhang, G. Li, Y. Wu, J. Hao, N. Pirrone, F. Sprovieri, and M. P. Ancora. "Mercury emission and speciation of coal-fired power plants in China." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 6 (November 12, 2009): 24051–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-24051-2009.
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Abstract. Comprehensive field measurements are needed to understand the mercury emissions from Chinese power plants and to improve the accuracy of emission inventories. Characterization of mercury emissions and their behavior were measured in six typical coal-fired power plants in China. During the tests, the flue gas was sampled simultaneously at inlet and outlet of selective catalyst reduction (SCR), electrostatic precipitators (ESP), and flue gas desulfurization (FGD) using the Ontario Hydro Method (OHM). The pulverized coal, bottom ash, fly ash and gypsum were also sampled in the field. Mercury concentrations in coal burned in the measured power plants ranged from 17 to 385 μg/kg. The mercury mass balances for the six power plants varied from 87 to 116% of the input coal mercury for the whole system. The total mercury concentrations in the flue gas from boilers were at the range of 1.92–27.15 μg/m3, which were significantly related to the mercury contents in burned coal. The mercury speciation in flue gas right after the boiler is influenced by the contents of halogen, mercury, and ash in the burned coal. The average mercury removal efficiencies of ESP, ESP plus wet FGD, and ESP plus dry FGD-FF systems were 24%, 73% and 66%, respectively, which were similar to the average removal efficiencies of pollution control device systems in other countries such as US, Japan and South Korea. The SCR system oxidized 16% elemental mercury and reduced about 32% of total mercury. Elemental mercury, accounting for 66–94% of total mercury, was the dominant species emitted to the atmosphere. The mercury emission factor was also calculated for each power plant.
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Wang, S. X., L. Zhang, G. H. Li, Y. Wu, J. M. Hao, N. Pirrone, F. Sprovieri, and M. P. Ancora. "Mercury emission and speciation of coal-fired power plants in China." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 3 (February 3, 2010): 1183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-1183-2010.
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Abstract. Comprehensive field measurements are needed to understand the mercury emissions from Chinese power plants and to improve the accuracy of emission inventories. Characterization of mercury emissions and their behavior were measured in six typical coal-fired power plants in China. During the tests, the flue gas was sampled simultaneously at inlet and outlet of Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR), electrostatic precipitators (ESP), and flue gas desulfurization (FGD) using the Ontario Hydro Method (OHM). The pulverized coal, bottom ash, fly ash and gypsum were also sampled in the field. Mercury concentrations in coal burned in the measured power plants ranged from 17 to 385 μg/kg. The mercury mass balances for the six power plants varied from 87 to 116% of the input coal mercury for the whole system. The total mercury concentrations in the flue gas from boilers were at the range of 1.92–27.15 μg/m3, which were significantly related to the mercury contents in burned coal. The mercury speciation in flue gas right after the boiler is influenced by the contents of halogen, mercury, and ash in the burned coal. The average mercury removal efficiencies of ESP, ESP plus wet FGD, and ESP plus dry FGD-FF systems were 24%, 73% and 66%, respectively, which were similar to the average removal efficiencies of pollution control device systems in other countries such as US, Japan and South Korea. The SCR system oxidized 16% elemental mercury and reduced about 32% of total mercury. Elemental mercury, accounting for 66–94% of total mercury, was the dominant species emitted to the atmosphere. The mercury emission factor was also calculated for each power plant.
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Chang, Jing Cai, Ai Ping Tao, Ming Feng Gao, Chun Yan Xu, and Chun Yuan Ma. "Collection of Submicron Particles by Polyethylene Composite Materials Collector." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 2030–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.2030.
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Wet electrostatic precipitators (wet ESPs) are good options for effective control of PM2.5 emission. However, the common problems of uniform water film formed on rigid collector limited the applicability of typical wet ESPs, thus could be tend to cause "spark-over" and "back-corona". This research was designed to test the performance of the polypropylene fibrous as collection electrodes for PM2.5 control in wet ESP. Meanwhile, drop spreading feature and volume resistivity measurements of polypropylene fibrous collector were investigated. The results show that drop spreading existed in imbibitions experiments between hydrophobic fabrics contacted with water. The difference of spreading characteristics was accordance to the physical woven properties of fabrics. The relationship between the volume resistivity of polypropylene fibrous and the water addition rate has been investigated. The secondary current by polypropylene collection electrode was 5~20 percent higher than that by FRP. The average number collection efficiencies by polypropylene collector amounted to 89.21% for PM2.5 when the gas residence time was 1.33s at 60kV. The relationship between water addition rate and average number collection efficiency was not more regular than other factors such as gas treatment time or applied voltage.
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Mariappan Kadarkarainadar, Marichelvam, and Geetha Mariappan. "Investigation of Fiber-Based Bag Filter Coated with Metal Oxides for Dust Adsorption." Fibers 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2023): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib11010010.
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The production of cement increases every year, which leads to the emission of dust/gas/ particulate matter. The emission of unfiltered dust would create a significant environmental impact. Hence, it is the responsibility of industries to control the emission of dust. Air filters and electrostatic precipitators (ESP) play a significant role in controlling pollutants. Synthetic filter media which are dangerous to our environment are widely used in most industries. The disposal of synthetic filters is an arduous task as the biodegradability of synthetic materials is poor. Hence, it is essential to develop an eco-friendly air filter material. In this paper, a new type of bag filter was designed by using natural sisal fiber as filtering media. The biodegradability of sisal fiber is better than the synthetic polyester media and also sisal fiber is less expensive. The natural fibers were coated with zinc oxide and iron oxide nanoparticles to improve the dust adsorption rate. Various tests were conducted as per standards to validate the performance of the filler media. The results were impressive. Hence, the proposed sisal fiber-based filter media can be used in cement industries for dust adsorption to minimize the environmental impact.
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Kostova, Irena, Ralica Sabeva, Gergana Velyanova, and Elena Isaeva. "Cadmium concentrations in coals and fly ashes from coal fired thermoelectric power plants in Bulgaria." Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society 83, no. 3 (December 2022): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.52215/rev.bgs.2022.83.3.101.
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The goal of the present study is to present new data regarding concentration and distribution of Cd in feed coals and fly ashes from seven Bulgarian coal fired thermoelectric power plans (TPPs). The study was performed on feed coals and fly ashes collected from Maritza East 2, Maritza East 3, Maritza 3, Republika, Bobov Dol, Varna and Russe TPPs. Bulk fly ash from Maritza East 2 and Maritza East 3 TPPs were obtained and fly ashes from each row of electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) of Maritza 3, Republika, Bobov Dol, Varna and Russe TPPs were also collected. Feed coals from bunkers were sampled at each TPPs. The Cd was determined by using ICP-MS. The present investigation shows that the concentration of Cd in studied coal and fly ashes from almost all TPPs is around the average or lower than Cd content in comparison with Clark values. The exceptions are the fly ashes from the 2-nd and 3-rd row of ESPs from Maritza 3 TPP, where up to 2.5 times higher Cd content was registered. This study shows that Cd concentration in fly ashes gradually increases from the 1st to 3rd and 5th-row of ESP from almost all sampled thermoelectric power plants, whence the conclusion that Cd content increases significantly and is mainly concentrated in the finest fly ash particles.
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Yi, Cheng Wu, Shuai Ma, Yun Qing Zhao, and Rong Jie Yi. "Study on Ion Concentration of New Type Transverse Plate ESP." Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (February 2012): 2381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.2381.
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According to the transverse plate electrostatic precipitator with high velocity collect dust theory, established the laboratory scale transverse plate ESP combines the hydrodynamic, static electrics. In this paper, experiment of ion concentration are carried using the transverse plate ESP. (The laboratory scale transverse plate electrostatic precipitator self-designed) system. The influence rules of the factors to ion concentration are examined such as distance between the export, the discharge electrode, applied voltage, internal of dust collection plates and the gas velocity. According to the experiment result, the ion concentration can increase about 109/cm3, when the working voltage is 18kV, the gas velocity is 4m/s, the distance of effective dust collecting plate is 40mm. The ion concentration of electrostatics precipitator system reaches the maximum and is above 109.
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Kumar Samanta, Binay, and Manish Kumar Jain. "Planned redesign of beehive coke ovens for pollution control and power generation." Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels 69, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/jmmf/2021/27328.
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Fossil fuel based thermal power or ovens not only exude greenhouse gases and pollutants but transfer enormous amount of waste heat up in air. Heat gets enveloped in the stratosphere and circulate around the earth; escalating global warming. France, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Austria, Andorra, Luxembourg, Poland and Germany made it the hottest June on record in 2019. Around 50 coke ovens around Dhanbad are losing and facing closure, with fate of employees doomed. Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board, Dhanbad had been issuing letters to the small-scale refractory and beehive hard coke-ovens to bring down stack gas emissions to below 150mg/Nm3 of suspended particulate matter (SPM), equivalent to the standards of large thermal power plants, deploying electrostatic precipitators (ESP). Some locally made pollution control devices were deployed, but these reduced the chimney draft and coking time increased. Installation of wet scrubbing methods would not be economic and slow down production. With experience as the Manager of a by-product coke oven, the chimney detour method with mechanical exhauster suggested for beehive coke oven. Proposed design not only can generate power, but also trap pollutants by a kind of wet scrubbing and produce byproducts like coal tar. Various associations of small-scale hard coke ovens and refractory industries had approached The Institution of Engineers (India), Dhanbad Local Centre. In this paper, the authors briefly present how waste heat can be converted to power, while absorbing pollutants in hydraulic main in the unique chimney detour method and producing coal tar, exuding clean gas.
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Hao, Wen Ge, Xiao Zhen Ren, Meng Cheng Li, and Ru Li. "Study on Non-Static Collection Theory for Dust of Electrostatic Precipitator." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 2849–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.2849.
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In order to further improve the collection efficiency of ESP especially for high-resistivity dust and perfect electrostatic collection theory, how dust layer effects collection efficiency should be revealed more accurately. Taking dust layer as research object, the paper has theoretically analysed the charge distribution of dust layer based on basic principles of electrostatics and Ohm’s Law in order to deduce the formula of the amount of accumulated charge in dust layer. The formula of electric-field strength formed by accumulated charges in collection space was deduced according to the principle of constant voltage and the potential continuity principle of phase boundary. Then the formulas of calculating the effective collecting electric-field and the effective theory migration velocity of charged particles were obtained. The theoretical criterion of occurring back corona was proposed by theoretical analysis of distribution characteristics of electric-field strength in dust layer. Besides that, the elaboration of non-static electrostatic collection theory has enriched and developed the traditional electrostatic collection theory. The paper has player an important role in the design of structure and the selection of operating parameters of ESP, and in the direction to explore the new ways of improving collection efficiency of high-resistivity dust.
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Peng, Hao Ge, Jun An Liu, Yi Deng, and Qi Xie. "Analysis of Electrostatic Precipitator’s Vibration Cleaning Device." Advanced Materials Research 143-144 (October 2010): 1424–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.143-144.1424.
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The research shows that the proper acceleration（RMS）of collecting dust from plate under impaction is about 50g. At present electrostatic precipitator’s impaction machine is basically designed by gradual experiences, experiments and revises. With heavy workload, this way is more complex and cost much because of the large structure of ESP. This paper studies the response of Electrostatic Precipitator’s Plate under impaction with finite element method, using dynamic analysis to accomplish the design of impaction device by the analysis of the acceleration distributing on impact, and provides evidences to upgrade ESP.
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OUALID, Imene. "Novel Self-Evacuating Electrostatic Precipitator (SE-ESP)." PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY 1, no. 3 (March 7, 2022): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15199/48.2022.03.17.
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Zhang, Zi Sheng, Yi Wang, Chun Sheng Wang, Jin Cui, and Zhi Qiang Liu. "The Control of High Voltage Electrostatic Precipitator Based on EDA." Advanced Materials Research 910 (March 2014): 336–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.910.336.
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In order to achieve the automatic control of electrostatic precipitator (ESP) more efficiently and accurately, an ESP system combining hardware and software is designed. According to the requirement of the ESP system,the Electronic Design Automation (EDA) is introduced to the ESP control system and the system is divided into four modules.These sub-modules are designed and the simulation waveform of the system is ananalyzed,based on the Very-High-Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) programming language and Quartus software.The results show that the security, flexibility and reliabity of the system is improved by using EDA as the control ,which is a great value for generalization.
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Wang, Ching-Yu, and Cheng-Che Hsu. "How critical is geometrical confinement? Analysis of spatially and temporally resolved particulate matter removal with an electrostatic precipitator." RSC Advances 8, no. 54 (2018): 30925–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra04734k.
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Lusiandri, Ari Yudha, Antonius Edy Kristiyono, and Kuncoro Luhur Waskito. "The Application of Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) as Pollutant Reduction in Ship." Research, Society and Development 8, no. 12 (September 27, 2019): e148121650. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v8i12.1650.
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The burning process of fuel from the main engine in ships impacts on air and sea pollution. Afterward, in overcoming the air pollution from the result burning in industry usually use electronic precipitator (ESP) by using electric field to precipitate gas pollutant from burning result. Thus, the aim of this research is making the concept of ESP (Electrostatic Precipitator) which can be used to reduce pollutant from the result burning in the main engine. Afterward, this research is used experiment as its method. The results of this study shows that before using the ESP tool, the NO2 levels is 7.70 mg/Nm3, while after using ESP Nitrogen Oxide (NO2) levels dropped to 3.85 mg/Nm3. Before using the ESP, the data on emissions gas had SO2 levels of 72.3 mg/Nm3, while after using ESP the levels of Nitrogen Oxide (NO2) dropped to 39.6 mg/Nm3. The level of Nitrogen Oxide (NO2) in gas emissions drops to 50% while the level of Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) in emission gas drops to 45.2%.
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Chen, Deng Feng, Yu Ping Wang, and Hui Dong. "A Kind of Efficient and Energy Saving Pulsed High-Voltage Supplying Technology of Electrostatic Precipitator." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 736–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.736.
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Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is one of the most important and efficient applicants in industrial dust pollution protection. The charging method of ESP influences the efficient of dust-collection and operating stability of ESP markedly. A new pulsed high-voltage supplying technology of ESP was proposed in this paper. The principles of the pulsed high-voltage supplying circuit and the energy recuperation circuit are studied. The simulation experiments certified their feasibility and innovativeness.
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Zhou, Han Dong, Zhen Ning Liu, and Xiao Bao Lei. "Research on Electrical Resistively of Wood Dust." Advanced Materials Research 142 (October 2010): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.142.134.
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In order to design an ESP (electrostatic precipitator) used for the domain of wood processing, electrical resistively of Wood dust should be understand clearly. The ESP could be applied to the dust of which the specific resistance was 104~1011Ω·cm. Dust specific resistance was related with temperature, humidity, the ingredients of dust and so on. Therefore it must be firstly that the specific resistance of wood dust was researched to decide whether the electrostatic dust separator was applied in wood industry.
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Syamsuri, Tresna Umar, Sigi Syah Wibowo, and Agastya Rezha Perdana. "Studi Kehandalan Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) di Dept Utility PT Easterntex menggunakan Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM)." ELPOSYS: Jurnal Sistem Kelistrikan 6, no. 3 (April 5, 2022): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/elposys.v6i3.129.
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PT EASTERNTEX merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang memiliki plant PLTU pribadi. hal ini tentu menyebabkan pencemaran udara yang tidak sedikit,oleh karena itu peran Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) sangatlah penting dalam mengurangi dampak dari limbah PLTU tersebut. Tujuan dari studi dengan metode Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) ini adalah menemukan sumber masalah dengan cara analisa terpusat. Maka dari itu perlu dilakukannya analisa dari berbagai aspek Elektrik maupun aspek Mekanik dari ESP itu sendiri. Dari aspek Elektrik diperoleh nilai arus setting yang bisa diterapkan pada operasi ESP adalah sebesar 828 mA dan dari aspek mekanik dapat diperoleh kehandalan komponen-komponen yang ada di dalam Electrostatic Precipitator agar tetap bekerja secara maksimal dengan avaibilitas system yang terjaga. Komponen-komponen kritis dari ESPberdasarkan Fault Tree Analisis (FTA) adalah Hopper,Rapper,Collecting Electrode(CE) dan Discharge Electrode (DE).Interval perawatan untuk komponen-komponen kritis tersebut adalah Hopper 1752 jam,Rapper 4380 jam ,Collecting Electrode (CE) 2920 jam, Discharge Electrode (DE) 2190 jam.
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Yi, Cheng Wu, Tian Yin, Hai Qin Huang, Yan Sheng Du, and Rong Jie Yi. "Study on New Laboratory Scale Transverse Plate Electrostatic Precipitator Collecting Fly Ash." Applied Mechanics and Materials 433-435 (October 2013): 2260–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.433-435.2260.
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s. Experiments were carried out to investigate the treatment efficiency of soot particles with a new type laboratory-scale transverse plate electrostatic precipitator (ESP). It has a ω type collecting plates which are set perpendicular to the airflow and the discharged electrodes lie alongside the collecting plates. With this structure, the drift velocity has been improved while the size of ESP has been significantly minimized. Several most important factors influenced precipitator efficiency were discussed. According to the experimental results, the collection efficiency of the transverse plate ESP is above 90%. Different influential factors have different effects on each grade of particles. ω type collecting plates make them function like a dust collector cyclone without applied voltage. It also has a collection efficiency of 47.38%.
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Meyer, N. K., A. Lauber, T. Nussbaumer, and H. Burtscher. "Influence of particle charging on TEOM measurements in the presence of an electrostatic precipitator." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 1, no. 1 (December 8, 2008): 435–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-1-435-2008.
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Abstract. The efficiency of an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) for reducing wood combustion emissions was investigated. Real-time measurements were conducted by directly reading the change in frequency of the tapered element in a Thermo Scientific 1400a TEOM. The measurements have been shown to be influenced by the charge on the aerosols reaching the tapered element such that the TEOM overestimates mass concentration. This electrostatic effect was cross-checked with particle number concentration measurements where no influence was observed. Placing a radioactive neutraliser prior to the TEOM leads to agreement between observed ESP efficiencies as measured by both the TEOM and a CPC.
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Guo, Jun, Xinglian Ye, Shuai Wang, Baoyu Guo, Chucheng Zhang, and Yinbiao Su. "The Influence of Electrohydrodynamic Secondary Flow on the Collection Efficiency and Deposition Pattern in ESP." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (July 14, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8923030.
Full textAbstract:
Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is widely used for dust removal from flue gas in industry. In the electrostatic precipitation, the electrohydrodynamic secondary flow (EHD) produced by corona ionization has an important influence on the characteristics of particle transport and the collection efficiency of ESP. In this work, a comprehensive ESP model with interaction of multiple physical fields is established to study the EHD effect in ESP. The numerical results show that the EHD generally can increase the streamwise velocity of airflow near the collection plate, which makes the removal performance of ESP worsen. Meanwhile, the EHD has a significant effect on the particle deposition pattern, especially at lower flue gas velocity. When the needle tip of discharge electrode points to the collection plate, the EHD can promote the circulation of airflow near the corona wire, increase the probability of particle charging, and then improve the collection efficiency of ESP.
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Kim, Jong-Ho, Hee-Jung Yoo, You-Seong Hwang, and Hyeok-Gyu Kim. "Removal of Particulate Matter in a Tubular Wet Electrostatic Precipitator Using a Water Collection Electrode." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/532354.
Full textAbstract:
As one of the effective control devices of air pollutants, the wet electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is an effective technique to eliminate acid mist and fine particles that are re-entrained in a collection electrode. However, its collection efficiency can deteriorate, as its operation is subject to water-induced corrosion of the collection electrode. To overcome this drawback, we modified the wet ESP system with the installation of a PVC dust precipitator wherein water is supplied as a replacement of the collection electrode. With this modification, we were able to construct a compact wet ESP with a small specific collection area (SCA, 0.83 m2/(m3/min)) that can acquire a high collection efficiency of fine particles (99.7%).