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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Electrooptics / Dissertations / Theses

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Electrooptics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Bhatambrekar, Nishant. "Realizing a fractional volt half-wave voltage in Mach-Zehnder modulators using a DC biased push-pull method and synthesis and characterization of indole based NLO chromophores for improving electro-optic activity /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11606.

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2

Gowda, Madhu H. "Optical characterization of wide-band gap bulk crystals and epitaxial layers." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3349.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--George Mason University, 2008.
Vita: p. 156. Thesis director: Mulpuri V. Rao. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical and Computer Engineering. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Jan. 11, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 149-155). Also issued in print.

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3

Bhattacharjee, Sanchali. "Novel concepts in the design and synthesis of organic nonlinear optical and electro-optic materials /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8605.

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4

Akelaitis, Andrew J. P. "Advanced non-linear optic chromophores and dendritic molecules for optimizing electro-optic materials properties /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11537.

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5

Rant, Ulrich. "Electrical manipulation of DNA-layers on gold surfaces /." Garching : Verein zur Förderung des Walter Schottky Instituts der Technischen Universität München, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy1001/2008423154.html.

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6

Liu, Sen. "Design, synthesis, and characterization of nonlinear optic chromophores for electro-optic materials /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10601.

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7

Jones, Christopher D. "Domains, defects, and de Vries: Electrooptics of smectic liquid crystals." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3284490.

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8

Harston, Geof. "Swift electro-optic modulator /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2003. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd296.pdf.

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9

Firestone, Kimberly A. "Frequency-agile hyper-rayleigh scattering studies of nonlinear optical chromophores /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11546.

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10

Haller, Marnie A. "Characterization of nonlinear optical polymers and dendrimers for electro-optic applications /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10602.

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11

Sullivan, Philip A. "Theory guided design and molecular engineering of organic materials for enhanced second-order nonlinear optical properties /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11569.

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12

Lima, Rafael Araújo [UNESP]. "Sensor eletro-óptico de tensões elevadas e sua viabilidade para implementação de TP óptico." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87081.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-05-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:49:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 lima_ra_me_ilha.pdf: 2147608 bytes, checksum: ffed1e67ca6abfae1bf18b6925796fec (MD5)
Os transformadores de potencial baseados em tecnologia óptica têm sido desenvolvidos com as finalidades de melhorar o desempenho da proteção e medição dos sistemas elétricos de potência, para monitorar a tarifação do consumo ou a qualidade da energia desses sistemas. Apesar da tecnologia já consolidada dos transformadores para instrumentos convencionais, as versões ópticas possuem diversas vantagens, tais como: medições mais precisas, menor peso, reduzida necessidade de manutenção, facilidade na isolação física e galvânica, maiores faixa dinâmica e largura de banda, além dos enlaces de transmissão e recepção de sinais serem menos susceptíveis às interferências eletromagnéticas. Esses transformadores de potencial podem ser projetados em torno dos moduladores eletro-ópticos de amplitude que, por sua vez, podem ser baseados no efeito eletro-óptico em cristais que apresentam essa propriedade, em que a diferença de fase óptica induzida entre os modos ordinário e extraordinário pode ser relacionada à tensão elétrica aplicada. As medições foram realizadas para duas diferentes configurações: a primeira, dedicada a medir baixas tensões, apresenta campo elétrico externo aplicado na direção Z e propagação óptica na direção X dos eixos principais do cristal. Na segunda configuração, voltada para a medição de tensões mais elevadas (kV), a célula Pockels apresenta campo elétrico externo aplicado na direção Y e propagação óptica na direção Z (eixo óptico) do cristal. Para ambas as configurações foram usados cristais eletro-ópticos de Niobato de Lítio. Nesta dissertação de mestrado, relata-se a aplicação de diferentes formas de ondas periódicas à célula Pockels, a fim de realizar a medição óptica dessas funções comparando-se, posteriormente, os sinais de entrada e saída. Fazendo uso do...
Optical voltage transformers have been developed in order to enhance the performance of protection and measurement circuits in electric power systems, to monitor energy tax revenues and power quality of these systems. Although the technology for conventional instrument transformers has been consolidated for years, optical versions of these devices have several advantages, such as: more accurate measurements, lower weight, reduced maintenance requirements, easer insulation and isolation, higher dynamic range and bandwidth, and less susceptibility to electromagnetic interference when optical fiber links between transmitter and receiver are used. Such optical voltage transformers can be designed based on amplitude electro-optical modulator principle, and on Pockels cell devices. In turn, this last can be built according to the electro-optic effect in non-centro-symmetrical crystals, where the induced induced optical phase shift between ordinary and methods extraordinary modes can be directly related to applied voltage. Measurements were performed for two different sensor configurations: the first one is dedicated to measuring low voltages (few hundred of volts), in which the external electric field is applied in the Z direction (optical axis) and the optical propagation is in the X direction of principal axes of the crystal. In the second configuration, dedicated to measuring higher voltages (tens of kV), the external electric field is applied in the Y direction and optical propagation is in the Z direction of the crystal. For both configurations Lithium Niobate crystals were used. In this dissertation, the Pockels cell is driven by periodic waveform voltages, the photo detected signal is acquired and computationally processed, and the comparison between input and demodulated signals are compared. By using the Sampled Piece-Wise... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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13

Murphy, Richard F. "Aza-analogues of distyrilbenzene (DSB) synthesis, structures, and properties of 1,4-phenylenediamine bisimines (PDABI)." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5922.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 30, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.

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14

Cosimbescu, Lelia. "From nematic to ferroelectric/antiferroelectric fluorinated tolane liquid crystals with electrooptic properties /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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15

Rueda, Sanchez Alfredo Rolando [Verfasser], Harald [Akademischer Betreuer] Schwefel, and Joachim von [Gutachter] Zanthier. "Resonant Electrooptics / Alfredo Rolando Rueda Sanchez ; Gutachter: Joachim von Zanthier ; Betreuer: Harald Schwefel." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162340304/34.

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16

Buchler, Benjamin Caird. "Electro-optic control of quantum measurements." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2001. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20020527.131758/index.html.

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17

Hung, Raymond Jui-pu. "Organic materials for microelectronics 157 nm photoresists and electrooptic liquid crystals /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3037503.

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18

Sinness, Jessica Schendel. "Design and synthesis of functionalizable ProDOT based chromophores for use in electro-optics /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11553.

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19

Hammond, Scott R. "Molecular and nanoscale engineering for enhanced order in organic electro-optic materials /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11604.

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20

Meney, Alistair Thomas. "Theory of the optical properties of III-V semiconductor quantum wells." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 1992. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/881/.

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21

Casmier, Daniel Michael. "Systematic study of thiazole incorporated NLO gradient bridge chromophores /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8487.

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22

Kim, Tae-Dong. "Directing the self-assembly and click chemistry of organic photonics materials for exceptional electro-optic properties /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10593.

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23

Lochab, Bimlesh. "Polymers for electro-optic applications." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:34ac7813-b315-415c-ac8a-eac269c23432.

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Polymer based photovoltaic cells are being intensively investigated. In such cells three key processes need to occur; namely light absorption, charge separation of the exciton, and transport of the separated charges to the electrodes. Light absorption is reliant on the optical density of the polymer. In general charge separation is achieved by blending an electron acceptor with the polymer film. However, blending materials gives rise to potentially unreliable manufacturing and lifetime issues. This thesis describes the preparation of poly(l,4-phenylenevinylene) derivatives containing dipoles in which the process of charge separation can be achieved intramolecularly. The dipole was created with the use of electron donating alkoxy groups attached to the polymer backbone, and electron withdrawing nitro group attached to the fluorenyl side chains. These groups are believed to facilitate the dissociation of the photogenerated exciton, and potentially stabilise the holes and electrons that are formed when the exciton is separated. The fluorenyl side chains were attached to the polymer backbone via biphenyl or vinyl linkages. The polymers were primarily formed using the Gilch method and the conjugated polymers were obtained either via a soluble precursor route or directly from the monomer. The photophysical properties were studied for polymers with the fluorenyl side-chains as they were found to be more easily formed and stable. For poly[2-(7-nitro-9,9-dipropylfluorenyl)-5-(2'- ethylhexyloxy)-l,4-phenylenevinylene] it was found that the photoluminescence quantum yield dropped by a factor of eight relative to the polymer without the nitro group. It was further elucidated that this was due to the exciton being separated. Solar cells containing the polymers from this study showed modest performance.

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24

Wallace, Paul M. "Microscopy studies of non-linear optical materials /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8525.

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25

Rodgers, John Scott. "Multimode interference in a Kerr nonlinear material." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13365.

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26

McGinnis, Brian Patrick. "Four-wave mixing and the study of optical nonlinearities in semiconductors and semiconductor quantum dots." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184890.

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This dissertation describes the study of various nonlinear optical effects in both bulk and quantum-confined semiconductors. Transverse effects in increasing absorption optical bistability are considered in bulk CdS for both single beam and wave mixing geometries. Measurement of the temporal response of BiI₃ quantum dots is described using degenerate four-wave mixing and explained theoretically. Finally, the experimental techniques developed to measure the one- and two-photon absorption coefficients of CdS quantum dots in glass are described along with the latest theoretical description and interpretation of the experimental spectra. The basic theory of increasing absorption optical bistability is presented along with experimental observation of this effect in CdS at low temperature. Transverse effects in increasing absorption optical bistability were observed in single beam experiments with CdS at low temperatures. The ring structures observed experimentally are explained theoretically. Degenerate four-wave mixing performed with this nonlinearity is theoretically shown to produce new scattering orders compared with a standard Kerr analysis. Experimental observation of these new scattering orders is presented. The temporal response of the nonlinearity in a solution of BiI₃ quantum dots in acetonitrile is determined using degenerate four-wave mixing. The independent contributions to the phase-conjugate signal are determined for both of the spatial gratings induced in the solution. The observed temporal responses indicated that a thermal mechanism was responsible for the nonlinearity. A theoretical analysis based on a thermal nonlinearity is presented which provides good agreement with the observed responses. The experimental techniques necessary to measure the one- and two-photon absorption coefficients of CdS quantum dots are described. The resultant measurements of quantum dot samples with microcrystallites ranging from 3.6 to 10.8 nm in diameter indicate no splitting of the energy levels associated with the hole. Theoretical spectra indicate this can be partially explained by the inclusion of Coulombic effects of the charged electron-hole pair.

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27

Sakar, Susanta Kumar. "Tunable all-optical delay via nonlinear optical processes in semiconductor quantum wells /." view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1188885251&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-137). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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28

Renkoski, Timothy Eli. "Study of a high frequency electro-optic beam deflector utilizing reflection-based velocity matching /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422958.

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29

Degerman, Engfeldt Johnny. "Predicting Electrochromic Smart Window Performance." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Tillämpad elektrokemi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-95167.

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The building sector is one of the largest consumers of energy, where the cooling of buildings accounts for a large portion of the total energy consumption. Electrochromic (EC) smart windows have a great potential for increasing indoor comfort and saving large amounts of energy for buildings. An EC device can be viewed as a thin-film electrical battery whose charging state is manifested in optical absorption, i.e. the optical absorption increases with increased state-of-charge (SOC) and decreases with decreased state-of-charge. It is the EC technology's unique ability to control the absorption (transmittance) of solar energy and visible light in windows with small energy effort that can reduce buildings' cooling needs. Today, the EC technology is used to produce small windows and car rearview mirrors, and to reach the construction market it is crucial to be able to produce large area EC devices with satisfactory performance. A challenge with up-scaling is to design the EC device system with a rapid and uniform coloration (charging) and bleaching (discharging). In addition, up-scaling the EC technology is a large economic risk due to its expensive production equipment, thus making the choice of EC material and system extremely critical. Although this is a well-known issue, little work has been done to address and solve these problems. This thesis introduces a cost-efficient methodology, validated with experimental data, capable of predicting and optimizing EC device systems' performance in large area applications, such as EC smart windows. This methodology consists of an experimental set-up, experimental procedures and a twodimensional current distribution model. The experimental set-up, based on camera vision, is used in performing experimental procedures to develop and validate the model and methodology. The two-dimensional current distribution model takes secondary current distribution with charge transfer resistance, ohmic and time-dependent effects into account. Model simulations are done by numerically solving the model's differential equations using a finite element method. The methodology is validated with large area experiments. To show the advantage of using a well-functioning current distribution model as a design tool, some EC window size coloration and bleaching predictions are also included. These predictions show that the transparent conductor resistance greatly affects the performance of EC smart windows.
Byggnadssektorn är en av de största energiförbrukarna, där kylningen av byggnader står för en stor del av den totala energikonsumtionen. Elektrokroma (EC) smarta fönster har en stor potential för att öka inomhuskomforten och spara stora mängder energi för byggnader. Ett elektrokromt fönster kan ses som ett tunnfilmsbatteri vars laddningsnivå yttrar sig i dess optiska absorption, d.v.s. den optiska absorptionen ökar med ökad laddningsnivå och vice versa. Det är EC-teknologins unika egenskaper att kunna kontrollera absorptionen (transmittansen) av solenergi och synligt ljus i fönster med liten energiinsats som kan minska byggnaders kylningsbehov. EC-teknologin används idag till att producera små fönster och bilbackspeglar, men för att nå byggnadsmarknaden är det nödvändigt att kunna producera stora EC-anordningar med fullgod prestanda. En välkänd utmaning med uppskalning är att utforma EC-systemet med snabb och jämn infärgning (laddning) och urblekning (urladdning), vilket även innebär att uppskalning är en stor ekonomisk risk på grund av den dyra produktionsutrustningen. Trots att detta är välkända problem har lite arbete gjorts för att lösa dessa. Denna avhandling introducerar ett kostnadseffektivt tillvägagångssätt, validerat med experimentella data, kapabelt till att förutsäga och optimera ECsystems prestanda för anordningar med stor area, såsom elektrokroma smarta fönster. Detta tillvägagångssätt består av en experimentell uppställning, experiment och en tvådimensionell strömfördelningsmodell. Den experimentella uppställningen, baserad på kamerateknik, används i de experimentella tillvägagångssätten så att modellen kan utvecklas och valideras. Den tvådimensionella strömfördelningsmodellen inkluderar sekundär strömfördelning med laddningsöverföringsmotstånd, ohmska och tidsberoende effekter. Modellsimuleringarna görs genom att numeriskt lösa en modells differentialekvationer med hjälp av en finita-element-metod. Tillvägagångssättet är validerat med experiment gjorda på stora EC anordningar. För att visa fördelarna med att använda en väl fungerande strömfördelningsmodell som ett designverktyg, har några prediktioner av infärgning och urblekning av EC-fönster inkluderats. Dessa prediktioner visar att den transparenta strömtilledarresistansen har stor påverkan på EC-fönsters prestanda.

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30

Lawson, Llewellyn Rhys. "Hybrid silicon-organic ring resonator photonic devices /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11542.

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31

Buker, Nicholas D. "Guanidine donors in nonlinear optical chromophores /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8669.

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32

Ghimire, Mukunda Mani. "Design, Synthesis and Optoelectronic Properties of Monovalent Coinage Metal-Based Functional Materials toward Potential Lighting, Display and Energy-Harvesting Devices." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1011848/.

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Groundbreaking progress in molecule-based optoelectronic devices for lighting, display and energy-harvesting technologies demands highly efficient and easily processable functional materials with tunable properties governed by their molecular/supramolecular structure variations. To date, functional coordination compounds whose function is governed by non-covalent weak forces (e.g., metallophilic, dπ-acid/dπ-base stacking, halogen/halogen and/or d/π interactions) remain limited. This is unlike the situation for metal-free organic semiconductors, as most metal complexes incorporated in optoelectronic devices have their function determined by the properties of the monomeric molecular unit (e.g., Ir(III)-phenylpyridine complexes in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and Ru(II)-polypyridyl complexes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs)). This dissertation represents comprehensive results of both experimental and theoretical studies, descriptions of synthetic methods and possible application allied to monovalent coinage metal-based functional materials. The main emphasis is given to the design and synthesis of functional materials with preset material properties such as light-emitting materials, light-harvesting materials and conducting materials. In terms of advances in fundamental scientific phenomena, the major highlight of the work in this dissertation is the discovery of closed-shell polar-covalent metal-metal bonds manifested by ligand-unassisted d10-d10 covalent bonds between Cu(I) and Au(I) coinage metals in the ground electronic state (~2.87 Å; ~45 kcal/mol). Moreover, this dissertation also reports pairwise intermolecular aurophilic interactions of 3.066 Å for an Au(I) complex, representing the shortest ever reported pairwise intermolecular aurophilic distances among all coinage metal(I) cyclic trimetallic complexes to date; crystals of this complex also exhibit gigantic luminescence thermochromism of 10,200 cm-1 (violet to red). From applications prospective, the work herein presents monovalent coinage metal-based functional optoelectronic materials such as heterobimetallic complexes with near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield, metallic or semiconducting integrated donor-acceptor stacks and a new class of Au(III)-based black absorbers with cooperative intermolecular iodophilic (I…I) interactions that sensitize the harvesting of all UV, all visible, and a broad spectrum of near-IR regions of the solar spectrum. These novel functional materials of cyclic trimetallic coinage metal complexes have been characterized by a broad suit of spectroscopic and structural analysis methods in the solid state and solution.

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33

Wu, Xiaohua. "Field simulation and calibration in external electro-optic sampling /." *McMaster only, 1996.

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34

Fortin, Michel. "Contribution au développement d'un capteur optique de champ électrique /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2002. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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35

Cecelja, Franjo. "High frequency electrooptic sensor." Thesis, Brunel University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361329.

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36

Boertjes, David Weldon. "Passive and electrooptic polymer photonic devices." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0002/NQ39506.pdf.

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37

Cresswell, J. P. "Waveguiding in electrooptic Langmuir-Blodgett films." Thesis, Durham University, 1992. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6142/.

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This thesis describes work on the waveguiding and second-order nonlinear optics of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films. A number of new monomeric materials are assessed for their LB deposition and their second-order nonlinear properties. Both the Pockels effect and second harmonic generation are studied. One new chromophore, diphenyl butadiyne is shown to possess exceptional nonlinear effects in monolayer form with x((^2))(-w; w, 0) = 2.7 x 10(^-10) mV(^-1) A novel aminonitrostilbene carboxylic acid with x((^2))(-w;w,0) = 1.43 x 10(^-10) m V(^-1) is also described. Polymeric LB materials have been found to possess greater stability than monomers but the deposition properties are often poor. Two oligomers are investigated, these both form high-quality LB layers and one gave X((^2))(-w;w,0) = (3.4-1-1.0j) x 10(^-11) m V(^-1). Two alternate-layer systems are considered. The first, of an amidonitrostilbene and a novel functionalised diarylalkyne deposits to 150 bilayers, but the nonlinear coefficients are shown to diminish after fewer than ten layers. X-ray diffraction, waveguiding and Fourier transform infra-red measurements are also performed. The second system alternates the two oligomers; only films of fewer than seven layer are studied due to the low value of Pockels effect and second-harmonic generation detected. A novel method of waveguide fabrication combining solution dipped polymer layers with LB films is introduced. This technique allows the rapid fabrication of waveguides with nonlinear properties. Monomode waveguides are produced and their electrooptic properties measured. These are the first such measurements on an LB film waveguide. It is shown theoretically that such waveguides could be used to produce modulators of similar figures of merit to those made from poled-polymers but that an order of magnitude improvement in X((^2))(-w; w, 0) is needed to match lithium niobate systems.

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38

Hung, Yu-Chueh. "Linearized electrooptic polymeric directional coupler modulator." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1383481091&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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39

Cummings, Uri Vaughan Bridges William B. "Linearized and high frequency electrooptic modulators /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2005. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05312005-225644.

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40

Rousseau, Lionel. "Développement de nouvelles matrices de micro-électrodes pour l’analyse et la compréhension du système nerveux central." Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST1039/document.

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La compréhension et l'étude du système nerveux est un des grands enjeux du XXIème siècle à la fois pour la recherche fondamentale, mais également pour la mise au point de neuroprothèses implantables pour la réhabilitation fonctionnelle (exemple : implants rétiniens, implants cochléaires). Depuis quelques années, des systèmes basés sur l'utilisation de multi-électrodes (MEA : Multi-Electrode-Array) offrent la possibilité d'enregistrer des milliers de cellules interconnectées entre-elles sur plusieurs jours sur des tranches de tissu nerveux ou des systèmes nerveux complets. Mais une des limites de cette technique est le faible nombre de voies de ces systèmes (64 voies). Les travaux de cette thèse ont consisté à développer une technologie de fabrication permettant la réalisation d'un système multiélectrode s « haute densité 3D ». Cela passe par le développement d'une nouvelle technologie dans la réalisation de micro pointes basée sur la gravure profonde du silicium (DRIE), qui permet d'obtenir des pointes en silicium de 80 µm de haut espacées de 50 µm. Des matrices 60, 256 et 1024 voies ont été fabriquées par cette technique. L'utilisation de la stimulation est aussi un point important dans l'étude de ces grands réseaux, mais il n'est pas possible actuellement de disposer de système permettant une stimulation focale. Pour résoudre ce problème, nous avons développé des matrices spécifiques permettant d'obtenir des stimulations focales du tissu. Nous avons également dans ces travaux de thèse étudié le comportement de l'interface métal/liquide, qui est cruciale pour la réalisation de MEA, en utilisant des techniques d'électrochimie
One challenge of the XXIème century will be to understand dynamics of large neural networks for research and to develop neuroprothesis implant (ex retinal implant, cochlear implant). Today microelectrodes arrays (MEAs) positioned in contact with the neural tissue offer the opportunity to record and simulate neuronal tissue. But the main drawback of his technique is low number of recording sites (typically 64). During this thesis, we have developed a specific process using deep reactive ions etching (DRIE), to achieve high density 3D MEAs containing several hundreds of microelectrodes. We have fabricated microneedles 80 µm of height with spacing of 50 µm and MEAs with 60 – 256 and 1024 microelectrodes have been built with this process. Microstimulation, which makes use of electrodes on the micron scale, is gaining increasing interest in both fundamental and clinical research, opening the possibility to stimulate small groups of neurons instead of large regions. However, controlling the spatial extent of microstimulation to achieve focal activation of neuron networks is a challenge. We have proposed a new configuration of MEA specifically designed to achieve a local stimulation. We have also characterised the interface metal/liquid, that was very important for MEA and we have used electrochemistry techniques

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41

Rickard, Malcolm J. "Electronic electrooptic effects in ferroelectric liquid crystals." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/colorado/fullcit?p3190375.

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42

Shames, Paul E. "Characterization and modeling of scattering electrooptic ceramics /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9935443.

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43

Shamir, Orit A. "Broadband electrooptic modulators based on gallium arsenide materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/75649.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-171).
Optical Arbitrary Waveform Generation (OAWG) combines frequency combs and frequency-by- frequency pulse shapers to synthesize optical waveforms. The OAWG technique has a wide variety of applications, ranging from high resolution imaging, Light Detecting and Ranging (LIDAR) systems for high precision distance measuring, high-speed communication networks, and high capacity transmission systems. Frequency combs, generated by Ti:Sapphire mode-locked lasers, span the optical spectrum from A=0.65pm to 1.1pm and necessitate the development of compatible modulator devices which could be based on materials in the III-V semiconductor groups for the construction of an optical arbitrary waveform generation system. An OAWG system in the visible and near-infrared will motivate many novel applications yet to be envisioned, and will allow the transfer of technologies currently operating in the radio frequencies to the optical spectrum. The design of electrooptic ultra-broadband modulators operating at wavelengths longer than A=0.65ptm is investigated. Novel epitaxial heterostructures lattice-matched to GaAs - a p-i-n structure with a dilute core and a n-i-n Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) heterostructure offering superior mode confinement - are modeled, and grown. The electric field distribution in the n-i-n MOS structure is examined through simulations and capacitancevoltage measurements. A Mach-Zehnder Interferometer modulator design is proposed, employing both multimode interferometers and Y-junctions as power splitters. A self-aligned fabrication mask set and process are developed and demonstrated, verifying the performance of the modulator epitaxial heterostructures through the demonstration of waveguiding and optical power splitting. A mask set is offered for improved processing yield and a fabrication process is designed to enable push-pull operation of the n-i-n MOS modulator.
by Orit A. Shamir.
Ph.D.

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44

Kuo, Hsin-Hui. "Investigation of an electrooptic tunable filter in lithium niobate." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5858.

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A polarization independent electrooptic add/drop tunable filter fabricated on a LiNbO3 substrate with a narrow -3 dB bandwidth (FWHM) of 1.56 nm operating in the 1.55 ÃÂ¼m wavelength regime has been developed to meet the demands of fast tuning speed and increased channel capacity for dense wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) networks. The operation of the filter is based on passive polarization beam splitters and strain-induced phase-matched TEÃ¢ÂÂTM polarization mode converters. Extinction ratios as high as 20 dB for polarization beam splitters were achieved using zero-gap two-mode interference directional couplers with an opening angle of 0.55ÃÂ°. A tunable TEÃ¢ÂÂTM polarization mode converter with 98.2 % conversion efficiency was obtained using a strain-induced refractive index grating consisting of 765 parallel strips 10.5 ÃÂ¼m wide in a strained SiO2 surface film with a spatial period of 21 ÃÂ¼m. Thermal and electrooptic tuning of the polarization mode converters were examined. A polarization independent electrooptic add/drop tunable filter in which the fabrication parameters of the splitter and the mode converter were optimized was produced. Fiber-to-fiber insertion loss less than 6.3 dB was measured on a 62 mm long filter device. The spectral characteristics reveal a -3 dB bandwidth of 1.56 nm and nearest sidelobes about 12 dB below the center peak. A thermal tuning rate of -0.903 nm/ÃÂ°C was realized. Electrooptic tuning was also demonstrated. A tuning range of 14.08 nm with applied DC voltages from -80 V to +80 V was achieved indicating an electrooptic tuning rate of 0.086 nm/V. The filter performance for both TE and TM modes was examined and polarization independence of the spectral characteristics was confirmed.

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45

Li, Zili. "A magneto and electrooptic study of ferroelectric liquid crystals." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1055437731.

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46

Podgornov, Fedor V. "Thresholdless electrooptical mode in ferroelectric liquid crystals." Phd thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://elib.tu-darmstadt.de/diss/000445.

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47

Walley, Rickey Don. "A prototype encoding scheme for electrooptic analog to digital converters." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA303120.

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48

Bhatranand, Apichai. "Electrooptic light modulator with improved response linearity using optical feedback." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2750.

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The use of optical feedback for improving response linearity of electrooptic light modulators has been investigated. The modulator is configured as a straight channel waveguide flanked by electrodes in a lithium niobate (LiNbO3) substrate. Light is coupled into the waveguide in both TE and TM polarizations, and a voltage applied across electrodes causes a relative phase shift between two polarization components. An output analyzer converts the phase modulation to intensity modulation. Optical feedback of light in both polarization modes results from reflection of light at the polished edges of the substrate. Channel waveguides supporting a single guided mode for TE and TM polarizations were fabricated in x-cut LiNbO3 substrates using titanium-indiffusion technique. The waveguides and modulators were characterized at a wavelength of 1.55 ??m using a distributed feedback laser. The modulators were driven with a sinusoidal voltage waveform. To minimize harmonics of the modulating frequency in the intensity output, the magnitude of the optical feedback and the substrate temperature were adjusted. The feedback level was altered by applying refractive index-matching liquid to one or both ends of the waveguide at the edges of the crystal. It was found that a high degree of response linearity in the presence of feedback was achievable at certain substrate temperatures. The spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) relative to the noise floor was measured at different feedback levels and substrate temperatures in an effort to maximize the modulator response linearity. An SFDR of 68.04 dB, limited by third-order nonlinearity, was achieved by applying index-matching fluid to the input end of the substrate. This compares with an SFDR of 64.84 dB limited by second-order nonlinearity when index-matching fluid was applied at both ends of the substrate. By changing the temperature of the same substrate to adjust the phase shifts experienced by TE and TM polarizations, the SFDR with index-matching fluid at the input end increased to 71.83 dB, limited by third-order nonlinearity. In tests at constant modulation depth, an improvement of as much as 9.6 dB in SFDR vs. the theoretical value for an interferometric modulator without feedback was achieved.

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49

Trinh, Duc Thien. "Linear electrooptic microscopy : applications to micro and nano-structured materials." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DENS0012/document.

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Nous avons développé une nouvelle méthode de microscopie par effet électro-optique linéaire (effet Pockels), dite PLEOM, permettant de cartographier la susceptibilité du deuxième ordre Chi(2) d'un matériau non-centrosymétrique [1, 2]. Cette méthode est complémentaire de la microscopie de génération de seconde harmonique, et s’en distingue par différents aspects physiques et pratiques. Grâce à une détection interférométrique stabilisée, le retard de phase provoqué par une variation d'indice locale du matériau non-linéaire sous l'effet d'un champ électrique est détecté à 10-6 radians près, ouvrant la voie à l'imagerie d'échantillons biologiques ou au suivi du mouvement de nano-sondes [3]. PLEOM apporte un type de données nouveau, la "réponse en phase" du matériau, porteuse d'information physiques plus difficilement accessibles en microscopie biphotonique.Ce manuscrit décrit de nouveaux domaines de développement et d’application de PLEOM, qui a évolué vers une plateforme aux applications variées et multi-échelles, allant du nanométrique au millimétrique.Nous avons tout d’abord montré comment déterminer le vecteur de polarisation attaché à des nano-cristaux ferroélectriques uniques, en vue de leur utilisation comme nano-sondes. Cette nouvelle méthode permet, à notre connaissance de façon unique, de distinguer deux nano-cristaux mono-domaines d'orientations exactement opposées, dont les réponses en SHG ne peuvent pas être distinguées. Une image de phase électro-optique, combinée à un diagramme de polarisation, donne accès à l'orientation vectorielle d'un nano-cristal orienté aléatoirement dans le référentiel du laboratoire. Un verrou est ainsi levé pour des applications comme l'imagerie de nano-domaines ferroélectriques, celle de potentiels électrochimiques membranaires, où l'étude de la dynamique de rotation de molécules. Deux spécificités remarquables de PLEOM en font une méthode d'avenir : la faible intensité de pompage qui assure une bien meilleure biocompatibilité ainsi que la simplicité de la source laser continue utilisée.Nous avons ainsi pu utiliser PLEOM pour caractériser les domaines ferroélectriques d'un cristal de KTiOPO4 périodiquement réorienté en vue d’un quasi-accord de phase, ainsi que ceux d'un cristal bidimensionnel quasi-périodique de LiNbO3. Un retournement clair de la phase de 180 degree est observé au travers des parois de domaines, dont les coefficients électro-optiques apparaissent opposés dans le référentiel du laboratoire. PLEOM se présente ainsi comme un outil de caractérisation non destructif des propriétés de ces cristaux artificiels dont les motifs et les défauts (tels qu'une orientation localement incomplète) ont été caractérisés spatialement, et permet de mesurer localement leurs propriétés non-linéaires, dont le caractère tensoriel permet d’aller au-delà des informations acquises en microscopie classique.En outre, nous avons fait la preuve de principe d'une nouvelle expérience biomimétique, visant à étudier les potentiels membranaires cellulaires, en utilisant PLEOM sur des membranes phospholipidiques créées sur puce micro-fluidique et dopées en colorants
Complementing Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy, a new home-made nonlinear microscope named Pockels Linear Electro-Optical Microscopy (PLEOM) based on the linear electrooptic (Pockels) effect, has been developed and used to map the second-order susceptibility Chi(2) of non-centrosymmetric materials with high sensitivity due to a stabilized interferometric homodyne detection scheme [1, 2]. This enables PLEOM to detect the electrooptic phase retardation of light resulting from the variation of the refractive index of nonlinear materials down to 10-6 radian and to investigate nonlinear materials at the nano-scale [3] towards applications in imaging of biological samples and tracking of labels therein. With PLEOM, a new imaging method allows to access, besides the aplitude, the no less crucial phase response, which is not readily amenable to classical SHG microscopy. In the frame of this dissertation, we have further extended the range of applications of PLEOM to investigate nonlinear materials and structures from nano- to millimeter-scale.Firstly, we have proposed and demonstrated a new approach towards the full vector determination of the spontaneous polarization of single ferroelectric nano-crystals used as SHG nano-probes. This method allows to remove the ambiguity inherent to earlier polarization-resolved SHG microscopy experiments, and has permitted full determination of the orientation of single domain ferroelectric nano-crystals. The electrooptic phase response obtained in the form of phase images and polarization diagrams yields the full orientation in the laboratory frame of randomly dispersed single nano-crystals, together with their electric polarization dipole. The complete vector determination of the dipole orientation is a prerequisite to important applications including ferroelectric nano-domain orientation, membrane potential imaging and rotation dynamics of single biomolecules, especially by using a new low-cost non-invasive imaging method with a low intensity illumination beam.The ferroelectric domain pattern of periodically poled KTiOPO4 and of a two-dimensional decagonal quasi-periodic LiNbO3 nonlinear crystal was determined by local measurement of their electro-optically induced phase retardation. Owing to the sign reversal of the electrooptic coefficients upon domain inversion, a 180 degree (pi) phase shift is observed across domain barriers between domains with opposed orientations. PLEOM allows to reveal the nonlinear and electrooptic spatially modulated patterns in ferroelectric crystals in a non-destructive manner and to determine their poling period, duty cycle and short-range order as well as to detect local defects in the domain structure, such due to incomplete poling.In addition, we have also proposed and demonstrated a new method, based on the voltage dependence of the electrooptic dephasing, to mimic the membrane potential in cells, working at this stage on nonlinear dye containing phospholipidic membranes, grown in a microfluidic set-up

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50

Tunaboylu, Bahadir. "Synthesis, deposition and characterization of ferroelectric films for electrooptic devices /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9820856.

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