Relevant bibliographies by topics / Electrons and muons

Academic literature on the topic 'Electrons and muons'

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Published: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Electrons and muons"

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BLUMENSCHEIN, ULLA. "SEARCH FOR ASSOCIATE CHARGINO NEUTRALINO PRODUCTION IN TRILEPTON FINAL STATES." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 15 (June 20, 2005): 3325–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05026467.

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Searches have been performed for the trilepton decay signature from the associated production of the lightest chargino and the next-to-lightest neutralino in leptonic channels with (a) two electrons and a lepton, (b) an electron, a muon and a lepton (c) two muons and a lepton and (d) two like-sign muons. The searches use data taken with the DØ detector at the Fermilab Tevatron proton-antiproton collider at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 147 pb-1 to 249 pb-1.
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Kajita, Takaaki. "Atmospheric Neutrinos." Advances in High Energy Physics 2012 (2012): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/504715.

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Atmospheric neutrinos are produced as decay products in hadronic showers resulting from collisions of cosmic rays with nuclei in the atmosphere. Electron-neutrinos and muon-neutrinos are produced mainly by the decay chain of charged pions to muons to electrons. Atmospheric neutrino experiments observed zenith angle and energy-dependent deficit of muon-neutrino events. It was found that neutrino oscillations between muon-neutrinos and tau-neutrinos explain these data well. This paper discusses atmospheric neutrino experiments and the neutrino oscillation studies with these neutrinos.
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Akzhigitova, E. М., V. О. Kurmangaliyeva, А. D. Duisenbay, and N. K. Kalzhigitov. "LEPTON CHARACTERISTICS OF "HEAVY ELECTRONS" AND THEIR MANIFESTATIONS IN NEUTRON STARS." BULLETIN Series of Physics & Mathematical Sciences 69, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-1.1728-7901.30.

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This work is intended to develop a new direction of theoretical and nuclear astrophysics by studying reactions that occur at high pressure on the crusts of neutron star. Interest in neutron stars is related to the mystery of its structure. In addition, there are a high density, an extremely strong magnetic and gravitational fields. The physical properties of leptons in weak interaction are involved and provided. The manifestation of lepton universality is discussed. The decay of the muon was investigated in the standard model. The ways in which muons occur in denser matter are studied. The muon is a very unstable particle on Earth. Its lifetime is a few microseconds. However, in a very dense, neutron star, it is stable. The appearance of muons in the composition of denser stars, that is, the transformation of the electron into a muon is energetically advantageous. It can also participate in some nuclear reactions.
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Holmlid, Leif. "Charge Asymmetry of Muons Generated in a Muon Generator from Ultra-Dense Hydrogen D(0) and p(0)." Particles 6, no. 1 (January 30, 2023): 188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/particles6010010.

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Laser-induced nuclear reactions in ultra-dense hydrogen H(0) (review in Physica Scripta 2019) create mesons (kaons and pions). These mesons decay mainly to muons. The muons created are useful (patented source) for the muon-induced fusion process. The sign of the muons from the source depends on the initial baryons used. With D(0) (ultra-dense deuterium) the source produces mainly positive muons and with p(0) (ultra-dense protium) the source produces mainly negative muons. Negative muons are required for muon-induced fusion. This charge asymmetry was reported earlier, and has now been confirmed by experiments with a coil current transformer as the beam detector. The current coil detector would give no signal from the muons if charge symmetry existed. The charge asymmetry could indicate unknown processes, for example, caused by the different annihilation processes in D(0) and p(0). The conclusions of a new analysis of the results are presented here. Using D(0) in the muon source, the asymmetry is likely due to the capture of µ- in D atoms and D2 molecules. This leads to emission of excess µ+ from D(0). With p(0) in the muon source, the capture rate of µ- is lower than in D(0). The emitted number of µ+ will be decreased by the reaction between µ+ and the surrounding abundant electrons, forming neutral muonium particles. This effect decreases the amount of emitted µ+ for both p(0) and D(0), and it is proposed to be the main reason for a larger fraction of emitted µ- in the case of p(0). Thus, there is no dominant emission of negative muons which would violate charge conservation.
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Abbiendi, G. "Status of the MUonE experiment." Physica Scripta 97, no. 5 (April 8, 2022): 054007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ac6297.

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Abstract The MUonE experiment has been proposed to measure the differential cross section of μe elastic scattering, by colliding the 160 GeV muons of the CERN M2 beam with atomic electrons of thin target plates. From a very precise measurement of the shape one can achieve a competitive determination of the leading hadronic contribution to the muon magnetic moment, independent from the other existing ones. In preparation for the Test Run with a reduced setup the detector geometry has been optimised. Expected yields for a first physics run with limited statistics are discussed, together with prospects for the assessment of the main systematic uncertainties.
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Varsi, F., S. Ahmad, M. Chakraborty, A. Chandra, S. R. Dugad, U. D. Goswami, S. K. Gupta, et al. "A GEANT4 based simulation framework for the large area muon telescope of the GRAPES-3 experiment." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 03 (March 1, 2023): P03046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/03/p03046.

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Abstract The GRAPES-3 experiment located in Ooty, India, samples the electron and muon components in extensive air showers using an array of plastic scintillator detectors and a muon telescope (G3MT) consisting of proportional counters to study the composition of primary cosmic rays (PCRs) as well as γ-ray sources in the TeV–PeV energy range. The G3MT is designed with an appropriate mass absorber to shield the electromagnetic and hadronic components in the shower and to detect muons above 1 GeV×sec(θ) energy, incident from a zenith angle θ. We developed a simulation framework based on the GEANT4 toolkit to evaluate the response of shower particles such as muons, γ-rays, electrons and hadrons in the G3MT. We discuss the geometric modeling of the G3MT using GEANT4 starting with the proportional counter. We estimated the punch-through contribution of hadrons in the G3MT. We compare the simulated muon multiplicity distributions with the observed ones assuming PCR composition from a four population supernova remnant acceleration model namely H4a.
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Holt, Ewa M. "Estimating the mass of cosmic rays by combining radio and muon measurements." EPJ Web of Conferences 216 (2019): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921602002.

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The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is a radio detector at the Pierre Auger Observatory and it is dedicated to measure the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. AERA is co-located with the underground muon detectors of the Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground Array (AMIGA). This provides a perfect setup to experimentally test the benefits of combining muons and radio emission for estimating the primary mass. We have investigated this combination using air-shower simulations. We compared the performance for mass separation of this new method to alternative methods in which the electrons and muons are measured with particle detectors at the surface. Forshowers with zenith angles below 50° the new method is of comparable performance, and for showers more inclinedthan 50° it is clearly superior. Therefore, measuring the radio signal in addition to the muons significantly improves the mass sensitivity compared to techniques using solely particle measurements.
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Lawie, Megan Rose, Freddie Vosper, Linda Cremonesi, and Alexander Booth. "Exploring the Sensitivity of MiniPix Devices to the Detection of a Variety of Particles." Emerging Minds Journal for Student Research 1 (September 16, 2023): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.59973/emjsr.26.

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The MiniPix EDU devices by ADVACAM have been used to study electrons, muons and alpha particles from both thoriated tungsten rods and natural sources. The natural radiation experiments looked at muons, focusing on the determination of muon count as a function of detector altitude and inclination with respect to the horizon. This included taking readings at ground level compared to those atop a building, and the floors in between, and rotating the detector face a certain angle to find the optimal angle to detect muons. The experiments involving a radiation source looked at alpha and beta decay. This included using the detector’s measurement of kinetic energy to explore the relativistic nature of electrons produced via beta decay, and the decay characteristics of alpha radiation. The material attenuation of alpha particles has also been explored. Insights from these experiments provide data on the capabilities of the detector. Through these experiments, particle behaviour and interactions unfold, shedding light on fundamental scientific principles. The project's experiments and results have been simplified to cater to secondary school education, specifically GCSE-level students. The experiments are designed to be performed within a school setting, helping students to understand these fundamental scientific principles of physics.
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Dordevic, Milos. "The CMS Particle Flow Algorithm." EPJ Web of Conferences 191 (2018): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201819102016.

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The event reconstruction at the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is predominantly based on the Particle Flow algorithm. This algorithm for a global event description uses the information from all subdetector systems, unlike the previous, traditional approaches that were focused on the localized information in each subdetector. These traditional methods use the raw information (tracks, hits), while the Particle Flow algorithm completely reconstructs the event by identifying and reconstructing the comprehensive list of final-state particles (photons, electrons, muons, charged and neutral hadrons), resulting in superior reconstruction of jets, missing transverse energy, tau leptons, electrons and muons. This approach also allows for efficient identification and mitigation of the pileup effect. The concept and performance of the Particle Flow algorithm, together with the prospects for its development in the context of the upgraded CMS detector, are presented in this overview.
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Neumeister, N. "CMS: Electrons, photons, and muons." EPJ direct 4, S1 (September 2002): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s1010502cs110.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electrons and muons"

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Chhetri, Rabin Kumar. "Study of the structures of electrons and muons in cosmic ray extensive air showers." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/685.

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Hughes, Gareth James. "A search for scalar electrons and muons using the DELPHI detector at LEP2." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.344006.

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Keoshkerian, Houry. "Mesure de la production de di-bosons WZ auprès du LHC avec l'expérience ATLAS." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY030/document.

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Ce travail de thèse se situe dans le cadre de l'experience ATLAS au LHC. Une première partie du travail présenté dans ce document porte sur l'étalonnage temporel du calorimètre à argon liquide d'ATLAS (LAr). Le control de l'alignement temporel du calorimètre est important pour la bonne qualité de l'énergie reconstruite dans le calorimètre. Les résultats présentésdans cette thèse ont permis une amélioration de 30% de la résolution temporelle globale du calorimètre LAr.Le Modèle Standard de la physique des particules prédit, lors des collisions de protons, la production de bosons faibles W et Z par paire via l'interaction d'un quark et d'un anti-quark. La production de dibosons peut être sensible aux couplages des bosons vecteurs entre eux. Une déviation anomale de ces couplages par rapport aux valeurs prédites par le MS pourrait signer la présence de nouvelle physique. L'exploitation de toute la statistique des données 2012 d'ATLAS nous a permis d'accroitre la précision de la mesure de ces couplages par rapport aux précédents résultats basés sur des lots de données moindres. Cette thèse présente donc la mesure de la section efficace de production des dibosons WZ utilisant l'ensemble de données collectées par ATLAS en 2012 lors de collisions p-p au LHC à une énergie de 8 TeV au centre de masse. Avecla statistique disponible, le rapport des sections efficaces de production des événements W^+Z et W^-Z a pu être aussi mesuré. Cette dernière mesure n'avait pu être effectuée jusqu'alors en utilisant les données 2011 en raison du manque de statistique. Enfin, des mesures de section efficaces différentielles normalisées en fonction de quatre variables cinématiques ont aussi étéeffectuées. La précision sur la section efficace integrée mesurée est de 5.5%, ce qui est atteint en réduisant l'incertitude statistique par 55% par rapport aux précédents résultats d'ATLAS. Ainsi, les incertitudes expérimentales des mesures ont commencé à se rapprocher des incertitudes des prédictions théoriques. Ceci est prometteur pour les futures mesures au LHC avec beaucoup plus de statistique où l'on s'attend alors à une augmentation significative de la précision expérimentale
This thesis is performed in the frame of the ATLAS experiment at the LHC.A first part of the work presented in this document consists on the time calibration of the ATLAS Liquid Argon (LAr) calorimeter. The control of the time alignment of the calorimeter is important for the goodness of the quality of the energy reconstructed in the calorimeter. The results presented in this thesis have allowed an improvement of 30% of the global time resolution of the LAr calorimeter.The Standard model of particle physics predicts, during proton collisions, the production of the W and Z weak bosons as a pair due to the interaction of a quark with an anti-quark. The diboson production can be sensitive to the couplings between vector bosons.An anomalous deviation of these couplings from the prediction of the SM would point to the presence of new physics.The use of the full statistics of the 2012 ATLAS data allowed us to increase the precision of the measurement of these couplings compared to previous results based on smaller datasets.This thesis presents therefore the measurement of the WZ dibosons production cross section using the full 2012 data collected by the ATLAS experiment from the p-p collisions at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 8~TeV. Also, with the available statistics the ratio of the production cross sections of W^+Z and W^-Z events were measured. This measurement was not performed previously using the 2011 data due to a lack of statistics. Finally, measurements of the normalized differential cross section as a function of four kinematic variables were also performed.The precision on the measured integrated cross section is 5.5% which is reached mainly by the reduction of the statistical uncertainty by 55% with respect to the previous ATLAS results. Therefore, the order of magnitude of the experimental uncertainties on the measurement started to approach that of the theoretical predictions. This is promising for future measurements at the LHC as with higher statistics the experimental precision is expected to overcome the theoretical one
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Brüggemann, Marc. "Determination of an arrival time cut for the separation of electrons and muons in extensive air showers." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=983413223.

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Reis, Thomas. "Search for new massive resonances decaying to dielectrons or electron-muon pairs with the CMS detector." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209131.

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Le sujet de cette thèse porte sur la recherche de nouvelles résonances massives se désintégrant en une paire d’électrons ou une paire électron-muon avec le détecteur CMS, installé auprès du Grand Collisionneur du Hadrons (LHC) au CERN. Les données analysées correspondent à l’ensemble des collisions proton-proton enregistrées par le détecteur en 2012 à une énergie dans le centre de masse de 8 TeV. Après une brève introduction au modèle standard des particules élémentaires et à quelques unes des théories allant au-delà, le LHC et le détecteur CMS sont présentés. La reconstruction des différentes particules créées lors des collisions, en particulier des électrons et muons de haute énergie, est ensuite discutée. Deux analyses séparées sont menées.

La première consiste en la recherche d’une nouvelle résonance étroite, plus massive que le boson Z, dans le spectre de masse invariante des paires d’électrons, dont la principale contribution, dans le modèle standard, provient du processus de Drell–Yan. De telles résonances sont notamment prédites par des modèles dits de grande unification ou à dimensions spatiales supplémentaires. Le bruit de fond provenant des processus du modèle standard étant réduit dans la région étudiée, quelques événements localisés peuvent suffire pour mener à une découverte, et la sélection des électrons est optimisée afin de ne perdre aussi peu d’événements que possible. Les différentes contributions des bruits de fond sont partiellement estimées à partir de simulations. Une méthode basée sur le spectre de masse invariante des paires électron-muon mesuré dans les données est développée pour valider la contribution du second bruit de fond en terme d’importance. Aucun excès n’est observé par rapport aux prédictions du modèle standard et des limites supérieures à 95% de niveau de confiance sont placées sur le rapport entre la section efficace de production multipliée par le rapport de branchement d’une nouvelle résonance et celle au pic du boson Z. Ces limites sont ensuite converties en limites inférieures sur la masse de différentes particules hypothétiques de spin 1 ou de spin 2.

La seconde analyse consiste en une recherche de résonances massives et étroites dans le spectre de masse invariante des paires électron-muon. De telles résonances briseraient la conservation du nombre leptonique tel que prédit par le modèle standard. Cette possibilité existe cependant dans certains modèles de nouvelle physique. C’est notamment le cas pour un modèle à dimensions supplémentaires où apparaissent des nouveaux bosons neutres lourds. La sélection des événements demande un électron de haute énergie comme dans l’analyse précédente, et un muon de grande impulsion transverse. La stratégie de recherche est similaire au cas des paires d’électrons :le fait de rechercher un signal étroit rend l’analyse statistique très peu sensible aux erreurs systématiques affectant la normalisation absolue du spectre de masse électron-muon. Comme aucune déviation significative n’est observée par rapport aux prévisions du modèle standard, des limites supérieures sur la section efficace multipliée par le rapport de branchement sont établies pour le modèle à dimensions spatiales supplémentaires. Étant données les faibles valeurs théoriques de la section efficace de production des résonances violant la conservation de la saveur dans ce modèle, la quantité de données analysées ne permet pas d’en déduire une limite inférieure sur leur masse. Cette analyse représente néanmoins la première recherche directe avec l’expérience CMS, de bosons massifs, se désintégrant avec violation du nombre leptonique, en une paire électron-muon.


Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Durand, J. D. "Mesures du melange effectif et des asymetries des quarks b et c dans les desintegrations semileptoniques en electrons et en muons." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00002742.

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Abraham, Nicola Louise. "Search for Electroweak Supersymmetry in final states with three electrons or muons plus missing transverse momentum in 13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider with the ATLAS Detector." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/79859/.

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A search for the electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos decaying into final states involving three electrons or muons is presented. The analysis is based on 36.1 fb^-1 of √s = 13TeV proton–proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Scenarios considered are based on simplified models with the associated production of the next-to-lightest neutralino and the lightest chargino, followed by their decays into final states with leptons and the lightest neutralino via either sleptons or Standard Model gauge bosons. No significant deviations from Standard Model expectations are observed and stringent limits at 95% confidence level are placed on the masses of relevant supersymmetric particles. For a massless lightest neutralino, masses up to 1.13TeV are excluded for the associated production of the next-to-lightest neutralino and the lightest chargino, assuming slepton mediated decays, whereas for gauge-boson-mediated decays, masses up to 380 GeV are excluded.
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Sheridan, Alexandra Ellen. "A search for the standard model Higgs boson using the DELPHI detector at LEP2." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367146.

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Santos, George De Conto. "Electron and muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment in the 3-3-1 model with heavy leptons /." São Paulo, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153288.

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Orientador: Vicente Pleitez
Banca: Juan Carlos Montero Garcia
Banca: Ricardo D'Elia Matheus
Banca: João Pacheco Bicudo Cabral de Melo
Banca: Marcelo Moraes Guzzo
Resumo: Nós calculamos, no contexto do modelo 3-3-1 com léptons pesados carregados, vínculos sobre alguns dos parâmetros das partículas extras do modelo ao impor que suas contribuições aos fatores (g-2) do elétron e do múon estejam de acordo com os dados experimentais dentro de 1 sigma - 3 sigma. Para obter resultados realistas nós consideramos algumas das possíveis soluções das matrizes unitárias esquerda e direita que diagonalizam as matrizes de massa leptônicas, dando as massas leptônicas observadas e ao mesmo tempo acomodando a matriz de mistura de Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS). Nós mostramos que, ao menos até a ordem de 1-loop, na faixa de parâmetros explorada, não é possível acomodar simultaneamente os fatores (g-2) do elétron e do múon a não ser que um dos léptons extras tenha massa da ordem de 20-40 GeVs e a escala de energia da simetria 331 esteja em torno de 60-80 TeVs.
Abstract: We calculate, in the context of the 3-3-1 model with heavy charged leptons, constraints on some parameters of the extra particles in the model by imposing that their contributions to both the electron and muon (g ���� 2) factors are in agreement with experimental data up to 1 -3 . In order to obtain realistic results we use some of the possible solutions of the left- and right- unitary matrices that diagonalize the lepton mass matrices, giving the observed lepton masses and at the same time allowing to accommodate the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) mixing matrix. We show that, at least up to 1-loop order, in the particular range of the space parameter that we have explored, it is not possible to t the observed electron and muon (g ���� 2) factors at the same time unless one of the extra leptons has a mass of the order of 20-40 GeVs and the energy scale of the 331 symmetry to be of around 60-80 TeVs
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Yokoyama, Koji. "Muon probes of spin-polarized electrons in GaAs." Diss., UC access only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=104&did=1907186881&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=7&retrieveGroup=0&VType=PQD&VInst=PROD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1270484411&clientId=48051.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009.
Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-123). Issued in print and online. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations.
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Books on the topic "Electrons and muons"

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International School of Nuclear Physics (1994 Erice, Italy). Electromagnetic probes and the structure of hadrons and nuclei: Proceedings of the International School of Nuclear Physics, Erice, 15-23 September 1994. Oxford [England]: Elsevier Science, 1995.

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Couch, Matthew J. The detection of muons produced in electronic positron collisions at the OPAL experiment. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1990.

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Engelmore, Tatia. Electron-Muon Correlations in Proton+Proton and Deuteron+Gold Collisions at PHENIX. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2011.

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Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan Pedro. A Search for Muon Neutrino to Electron Neutrino Oscillations in the MINOS Experiment. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7949-0.

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A search for muon neutrino to electron neutrino oscillations in the MINOS experiment. New York: Springer, 2011.

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Bates, D. R. Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics, 29. Burlington: Elsevier, 1991.

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Faessler, A. Progress in Particle & Nuclear Physics. Elsevier Science Pub Co, 1995.

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Wigmans, Richard. The Physics of Shower Development. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786351.003.0002.

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The processes that play a role in the absorption of different types of particles in dense matter are described, with emphasis on the aspects that are important for calorimetry. A distinction is made between particles that develop electromagnetic showers (electrons, photons) and particles that are subject to the strong nuclear interaction, such as pions and protons. A separate section is dedicated to muons, which are typically not fully absorbed in practical calorimeters. The energy dependence of the various processes, and the consequences for the size requirements of detectors, are discussed in detail. The practical importance and limitations of Monte Carlo simulations of the shower development process are reviewed. The chapter ends with a summary of facts deriving from the physics of shower development that are important for calorimetry.
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Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan Pedro. Search for Muon Neutrino to Electron Neutrino Oscillations in the MINOS Experiment. Springer, 2011.

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Ochoa-Ricoux, Juan Pedro. A Search for Muon Neutrino to Electron Neutrino Oscillations in the MINOS Experiment. Springer, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Electrons and muons"

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Kuzmany, Hans. "Spectroscopy with Electrons, Positrons and Muons." In Solid-State Spectroscopy, 367–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01479-6_15.

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Becker, Ulrich. "Photons, Electrons and Muons in Past, Present and Future." In Heavy Flavours and High-Energy Collisions in the 1–100 TeV Range, 323–56. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9981-0_20.

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Frühwirth, Rudolf, and Are Strandlie. "Event Reconstruction." In Pattern Recognition, Tracking and Vertex Reconstruction in Particle Detectors, 23–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65771-0_2.

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AbstractThe chapter gives an outline of the event reconstruction chain of a typical large experiment, from the trigger to the physics object reconstruction. The concept of the trigger is illustrated by two examples, CMS and LHCb, followed by a discussion of track reconstruction and its stages: hit generation, local reconstruction, and global reconstruction. The section on vertex reconstruction introduces a classification of vertices and sets the scene for the dedicated chapters on vertex finding and vertex fitting. The chapter concludes with some remarks on particle identification and reconstruction of physics objects such as electrons, muons, photons, jets,τleptons, and missing energy.
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Nachtmann, Otto. "The Muon and Muon Pair Production in Electron-Positron Annihilation." In Elementary Particle Physics, 142–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61281-7_11.

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Bernabeu, J. "Electro-weak interaction in muonic atoms." In The Future of Muon Physics, 24–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77960-2_6.

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Minty, Michiko G., and Frank Zimmermann. "Cooling." In Particle Acceleration and Detection, 263–300. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08581-3_11.

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AbstractMany applications of particle accelerators require beam cooling, which refers to a reduction of the beam phase space volume or an increase in the beam density via dissipative forces. In electron and positron storage rings cooling naturally occurs due to synchrotron radiation, and special synchrotron-radiation damping rings for the production of low-emittance beams are an integral part of electron-positron linear colliders. For other types of particles different cooling techniques are available. Electron cooling and stochastic cooling of hadron beams are used to accumulate beams of rare particles (such as antiprotons), to combat emittance growth (e.g., due to scattering on an internal target), or to produce beams of high quality for certain experiments. Laser cooling is employed to cool ion beams down to extremely small temperatures. Here the laser is used to induce transitions between the ion electronic states and the cooling exploits the Dopper frequency shift. Electron beams of unprecedentedly small emittance may be obtained by a different type of laser cooling, where the laser beam acts like a wiggler magnet. Finally, designs of a future muon collider rely on the principle of ionization cooling. Reference [1] gives a brief review of the principal ideas and the history of beam cooling in storage rings; a theoretical dicussion and a few practical examples can be found in [2].
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Minty, Michiko G., and Frank Zimmermann. "Collimation." In Particle Acceleration and Detection, 141–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08581-3_6.

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AbstractParticles at large betatron amplitudes or with a large momentum error constitute what is generally referred to as a beam halo. Such particles are undesirable since they produce a background in the particle-physics detector. The background arises either when the halo particles are lost at aperture restrictions in the vicinity of the detector, producing electro-magentic shower or muons, or when they emit synchrotron radiation that is not shielded and may hit sensitive detector components. In superconducting hadron storage rings, a further concern is localized particle loss near one of the superconducting magnets, which may result in the quench of the magnet, i.e., in its transition to the normalconducting state.
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Schenck, A. "Recent applications of μ + SR in magnetism: Novel magnetic features in heavy electron compounds." In The Future of Muon Physics, 261–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77960-2_43.

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Canetti, Laurent, and Mikhail Shaposhnikov. "The νMSM and muon to electron conversion experiments." In SSP 2012, 5–11. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6485-9_2.

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Depommier, P., R. Poutissou, S. Ahmad, G. Azuelos, D. A. Bryman, R. A. Burnham, E. T. H. Clifford, et al. "Search for Muon — to — Electron Conversion in Titanium." In Weak and Electromagnetic Interactions in Nuclei, 798–802. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71689-8_158.

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Conference papers on the topic "Electrons and muons"

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Urusova, Baidymat I., Mecca S. Kh Bolatchieva, and Umar M. Laipanov. "Cosmic rays at ultrahigh energies." In Sustainable and Innovative Development in the Global Digital Age. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.iohr6570.

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In this paper, the nature of the origin of cosmic rays is considered. By studying the chemical composition, the intensity of cosmic rays is determined. And when collisions with the nuclei of the interstellar medium, unstable particles appear. The astronomical role of cosmic rays and the probable galactic model of the origin of cosmic rays have been clarified. The results of the chemical composition of cosmic rays are obtained. It is shown that: a) cosmic rays are mostly located in the Galaxy; b) the Virgo supercluster is a metagalactic model in which the main part of the proton-nuclear component forms superclusters; c) the metagalactic model differs from the galactic one in the energy density of cosmic rays. Models of the origin of cosmic rays in the region of energies up to 1017 Ev, the most preferred model is one that assumes an increase in multiplicity. The energy density of cosmic rays is determined. The dependences of the average number of muons on the number of electrons in the shower and the energy spectrum of muons in the shower are found. Depending on where the main sources of cosmic rays are located, the following models of cosmic rays are shown: solar, galactic and metagalactic, and galactic models have several modifications and differ from halo and disk models, since cosmic rays fill a quasi- pherical volume.
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Ibe, Eishi, Tadanobu Toba, Ken-ichi Shimbo, and Hitoshi Taniguchi. "Fault-based reliable design-on-upper-bound of electronic systems for terrestrial radiation including muons, electrons, protons and low energy neutrons." In 2012 IEEE 18th International On-Line Testing Symposium (IOLTS 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iolts.2012.6313840.

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Rivera-Rangel, David, Juan Carlos Arteaga-Velázquez, and for the KASCADE-Grande Collaboration. "Lateral density distributions of muons and electrons in EAS from the KASCADE-Grande data for different zenith angle intervals." In 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0372.

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Del Pio, Clara Lavinia, and Ettore Budassi. "Neutral pion production in muon-electron scattering at MUonE." In 41st International Conference on High Energy physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.414.1035.

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Freundlich, Elena Murielle. "Search for pair- and single-production of vector-like quarks in final states with at least one Z boson decaying into a pair of electrons or muons in pp collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at $\sqrt{s}$= 13 TeV." In Sixth Annual Conference on Large Hadron Collider Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.321.0017.

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Bolognini, D., P. Bene, A. Blondel, F. Cadoux, S. Debieux, G. Giannini, J. S. Graulich, et al. "Frontend and readout electronics of the MICE Electron Muon Ranger detector." In 2010 17th Real-Time Conference - IEEE-NPSS Technical Committee on Computer Applications in Nuclear and Plasma Sciences (RT 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rtc.2010.5750446.

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Lietti, D., A. Berra, D. Bolognini, S. Hasan, A. Mattera, M. Prest, A. Blondel, et al. "Performance of the readout electronics chain of the MICE Electron Muon Ranger." In Proceedings of the 11th Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814307529_0076.

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Ahmad, S., G. Azuelos, M. Blecher, D. A. Bryman, R. A. Burnham, E. T. H. Clifford, P. Depommier, et al. "Search for muon‐electron and muon‐positron conversion." In 3rd Conference on the Intersections Between Particle and Nuclear Physics. American Institute of Physics, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.37677.

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Schüler, K. Peter. "A muon polarimeter based on elastic muon-electron scattering." In International symposium on high−energy spin physics. AIP, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.38381.

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Czarnecki, Andrzej. "Muon-electron conversion in nuclei." In The seventh conference on the intersection of particles and nuclear physics. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1345401.

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Reports on the topic "Electrons and muons"

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Kulsrud, R. M. Cold fusion catalyzed by muons and electrons. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6507612.

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Marx, M. D. EMPACT: Electrons Muons Partons with Air Core Toroids. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6312926.

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Becker, U. Photons, electrons and muons in past, present and future. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6042114.

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Whiteson, Daniel. Standard Model and Exotic Physics with Electrons and Muons at D0. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1419207.

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Majewski, Ryan. Balancing particle absorption with structural support of the muon beam stop in muons-to-electrons experimental chamber. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1212172.

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Perl, Martin. Certainty and Uncertainty in the Practice of Science: Electrons, Muons and Taus. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/9966.

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Hohlmann, Marcus. Observation of Top Quark Pairs in the Dilepton Decay Channel using Electrons, Muons and Taus. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1421718.

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Gallinaro, Michele. Observation of the Top Quark at CDF in the Dilepton Channel with Electrons Muons and Taus. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1421744.

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Fuyuto, Kaori. Searching for Muon to Electron Conversion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2329231.

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Fuyuto, Kaori. Searching for muon to electron transition. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2282518.

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