Dissertations / Theses: 'Electronic resources'

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Dean, Caroline Elizabeth. "Statistics for electronic resources." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14704.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-74).
Electronic resources represent a large portion of many libraries' information resources in the current climate of hybrid libraries where print and electronic formats coexist. Since the dramatic uptake of electronic resources in libraries during the 1990's the topic of usage statistics has been on librarians' lips. The expectations that librarians had of being able to compare resources based on usage statistics were soon dashed as it became apparent that electronic resource providers were not measuring usage uniformly. Given the initial disappointments that librarians had in terms of electronic resource usage statistics the author set out to find the reasons why librarians were keeping statistics for electronic resources, which statistics they were keeping for electronic resources, and what were the issues and concerns with regard to statistics for electronic resources. To get an international answer to these questions a literature review was undertaken. The South African point of view was sought through an e-mail survey that was sent out to the 23 South African academic libraries that form the South African National Library and Information Consortium (SANLiC). A 65% response rate was recorded. The international and South African answers to the three questions were very similar. The study found that the reasons why librarians keep electronic resources statistics were to "assess the value of different online products/services"; to "make better-informed purchasing decisions"; to "plan infrastructure and allocation of resources"; and to "support internal marketing and promotion of library services". The study also found that the statistics that librarians were keeping are: sessions, searches, documents downloaded, turnaways, location of use, number of electronic resources, expenditure and virtual visits. The number of virtual visits was kept by international libraries but no South African libraries reported keeping this information. The concerns that were raised by both international and South African libraries were found to be about: the continued lack of standardisation; the time-consuming nature of data collection; the reliability of the usage data; the fact that the data need to be looked at in context; the management of the data; and how to count electronic resources. Clear definitions of the latter are essential. A concern raised in South Africa but not in the international literature is that there exists a lack of understanding amongst some South African librarians of the basic concepts of electronic resources usage statistics. The author concludes with a suggestion that the CHELSA Measures for Quality be implemented so that librarians can see that the collection of usage data for electronic resources has some purpose. Once this is in place one or more training events under the auspices of SANLiC should be organised in order to train librarians in the best practice of electronic resource usage statistics.

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Minnion, Anton Roscoe. "Crowsdsourcing semantic resources." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2013923/.

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Finding easier and less resource-intensive ways of building knowledge resources is necessary to help broaden the coverage and use of semantic web technologies. Crowdsourcing presents a means through which knowledge can be efficiently acquired to build semantic resources. Crowds can be identified that represent communities whose knowledge could be used to build domain ontologies. This work presents a knowledge acquisition approach aimed at incorporating ontology engineering tasks into community crowd activity. The success of this approach is evaluated by the degree to which a crowd consensus is reached regarding the description of the target domain. Two experiments are described which test the effectiveness of the approach. The first experiment tests the approach by using a crowd that is aware of the knowledge acquisition task. In the second experiment, the crowd is unaware of the knowledge acquisition task and is motivated to contribute through the use of an interactive map. The results of these two experiments show that a similar consensus is reached from both experiments, suggesting that the approach offered provides a valid mechanism for incorporating knowledge acquisition tasks into routine crowd activity.

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Alhouti, Dakhil. "Marketing electronic information resources in Kuwaiti higher education libraries." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5192/.

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Katabalwa, Anajoyce Samuel. "Assessing access and use of PERii electronic journal resources at the University of Dar es Salaam : the case of postgraduate students in the School of Education." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/44027.

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This study aimed at assessing access and use of PERii electronic journal resources by postgraduate students in the School of Education at the University of Dar es Salaam. Specific objectives for this study were to examine if the postgraduate students in the School of Eduction are aware of PERii electronic journal resources; to examine if the postgraduate students access PERii electronic journal resources; to examine if the postgraduate students use PERii electronic journal resources; to examine the challenges encountered by postgraduate students in the access and use of PERii electronic journal resources; and to determine possible ways to improve access and use of PERii electronic journal resources. The study was basically a cross-sectional study and data were collected through a combination of questionnaire for postgraduate students and interview for the Reference Librarians. The findings of this study were that the majority of postgraduate are aware of PERii electronic journal resources through various sources including the Library website, notice board, fliers, posters, IL training, colleagues, librarians and supervisors. Again, the majority of them use PERii electronic journal resources for various purposes including working on the assignments, research proposal writing, literature review, research report writing, current awareness, leisure, and for extra exploration of ongoing scientific debates through peer reviewed papers. The challenges encountered include power outage, inadequate bandwidth, slow download speed, inability to access the resources from home, lack of training, lack of awareness, limited access to computers and difficult in making a search. Suggested ways to improve access and use of PERii electronic journal resources include seeking to provide training on how to access and use of PERii electronic journal resources; ensure stable and reliable power, ensure adequate bandwidth; increase awareness of the resources, improve ICT infrastructure, enable access of the resources from home; increase download speed and ensure relevant information is provided. Based on these findings it was recommended that training on access and use of PERii electronic journal resources should be integrated into the University curriculum; ICT infrastructure to support access and use of PERii electronic journal resources should be improved; ensuring stable and reliable power by buying heavy duty generators at the University; increasing awareness by improving methods for promotion and marketing of the resources; enabling access of PERii electronic journal resources from home; ensuring adequate bandwidth through shaping the available bandwidth allowing certain services such as ICT services to receive a large proportion of bandwidth than other services; and ensuring relevant information is provided through subscribing more database with relevant information to all courses at the University.
Mini Dissertation (MIT)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
Information Science
MIT
Unrestricted

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Hong, Boon Hon. "Modelling of semiconductor nanostructures : electronic properties and simulated optical spectra." Thesis, University of Hull, 2011. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5126.

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III-V semiconductor nanostructures are widely used in optoelectronic devices (e.g. lasers and detectors) in the visible (0.4-0.8 μm), near-infrared (0.8-3 μm), mid-infrared (3-5 μm) and far-infrared (> 8 μm) wavelength ranges, with great potential for high performance and high temperature operation. As well as simple designs, complex structures incorporating low dimensional components (e.g. quantum wells and quantum dots) are not unusual. Often, the optical and electronic characteristics of these structures are altered significantly as compared to bulk material. As a prerequisite to design for different applications, the study of their electronic and optical properties is essential. With the increasing computational power of modern personal computers, computational modelling becomes viable and more efficient. Indeed, it has become routine to follow (or to precede) experimental studies with computational modelling of good interpretive and predictive power. Combined with experimental studies, this is a powerful tool to provide insight into new devices. This research work is primarily based on calculations of the electronic band structure of various semiconductor nanostructures, followed by modelling of optical transitions and optical spectra. All numerical calculations use a cost effective computational method. The applicability of the model to ultra-thin structures of short period InAs/GaSb superlattices is investigated. The work is then extended to study complex quantum-dot-in-well structures. Finally, the attempt to extract the structural parameters of quantum dots by a combination of modelling and optical spectroscopy is presented.

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Billa, Muralidhar Reddy. "Liquid crystalline organic semiconductors for application in opto-electronic devices." Thesis, University of Hull, 2015. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:11267.

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The synthesis and evaluation of novel photo-reactive liquid crystalline materials that exhibit light emitting, charge transporting and photovoltaic properties is described. Low-molar-mass liquid crystalline monomers, based on a series of substituted thiophenes, thieno[3,2-b]thiophenes, benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene, 4,7-dibromobenzo- 1,2,5-thiadiazole, fluorenes and carbazoles have been synthesised. Most of the materials synthesised incorporate two 9-octyl carbazole end groups at 3 positions. Some of the materials synthesised incorporate methacrylate end groups attached to the peripheries of the molecule at the end of flexible aliphatic chains. Polymerisation of these end groups allows the production of multilayer OLEDs with a very small pixel size due to the insoluble cross-linked network obtained after photo-polymerisation. The creation and analysis of novel multi-layer OLEDs with exceptionally small pixal size was possible by the incorporation of photo-polymerizable group into the liquid crystalline compounds. The molecular core incorporates either a 9-octyl carbazole end groups at the two ends of a fluorene moiety or an N-alkyl-substituted carbazole in the centre of the molecule. The presence of these two new types of liquid crystalline monomers for use as polymer networks in OLEDs should lead to higher electrochemical stability towards oxidation and thereby give rise to longer life-times in OLEDs containing them. Exceptinally, several of these novel OLED materials exhibit blue photoluminescence and electroluminescence, enabling their incorporation into multicolour OLEDs. This thesis details the synthesis of two different types of molecular central moieties, i.e., fluorene and carbazole with photopolymerisable end groups or 9-octyl carbazole end groups for implementation as initiators in multilayer organic devices. The photo reactive end groups are based on the acrylate moieties.

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Bao, Weixiao. "Liquid crystalline organic semiconductors for application in opto-electronic devices." Thesis, University of Hull, 2014. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:10866.

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This thesis collates and describes the research work carried out during my PhD programme. This work of research is mainly based on the synthesis and evaluations of novel liquid crystalline materials for use in plastic electronic applications, such as Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) and Organic Photovoltaic (OPV) devices. It also focuses on the study of the relationship between chemical structures and the mesomorphic behaviour, the liquid crystalline transition temperatures and energy levels of these new compounds. Optical Polarising Microscopy (OPM) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were used to identify the mesomophic behaviour and transition temperatures of all the new liquid crystals. A combination of UV-vis absorption and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) was used to characterize the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbitals (HOMO), Lowest Occupied Molecular Orbitals (LUMO) energy levels and, therefore, the band gap (Eg) of the final compounds. Another primary focus of this work was the study and application of various aryl-aryl, cross-coupling reaction methods, including the Stille and the Suzuki reactions and a new direct arylation method. The reaction conditions were optimised during the research work for different compounds. The direct arylation method was found to be a successful and efficient way to synthesise new thiophene derivatives using aryl halides via C-H bond activation by palladium catalysts, but unfortunately not for all substrates. A series of fluorene- and carbazole-based materials have been developed for use as hole-transporting materials and electroluminescent materials in plastic electronic applications. Some of these materials exhibit nematic phases, which is beneficial due to the lower viscosity present in the nematic phase compared to that of the smectic phases. Some of them are found to form a glass above room temperature without any observable liquid crystal phases, despite significant supercooling below the melting point. The transition temperatures and mesomorphic behaviours of these novel materials were determined. The materials are expected to exhibit appropriate ionization potential (IP) and energy levels (HOMO, LUMO and Eg). A number of compounds incorporating a thiophene-based central core have been synthesized and evaluated as hole-transporting materials in OLEDs or/and as electron-donors in OPVs hopefully with the required appropriate energy levels. A compound with four 2,5-disubstituted thiophene rings in the molecular core shows promising properties for use as an electron-donor material with PCBM as an electron-acceptor in test OPV cells fabricated by members in the Organic Semiconductor Group in the Department of Physics at the University of Hull. Several liquid crystals based on thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole central cores were synthesised by various aryl-aryl cross-coupling reaction pathways. The thiazolo-thiazole compounds based on five-membered rings only exhibit a nematic phase, while some thiazolo-thiazole compounds incorporating six-membered rings exhibit both a smectic phase and a nematic phase. However, this class of compounds exhibit relatively high melting points and liquid crystalline transition temperatures, as well as a very poor solubility, which indicates that they were not able to be used as organic semiconductors in plastic electronics applications. A class of oxadiazole homologues and a small number of isoxazole derivatives were successfully synthesized and purified. They were expected to possess relatively high electron affinity (EA) and strong fluorescence as potential materials for use as electron-transporting layers and/or emissive layers in OLEDs. The mesomorphic behaviour of these compounds is interesting and includes an unidentified SmX phase and a banana phase. The relationships between the chemical structures and mesomorphic behaviours of these materials were established.

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Zhang, Jun. "Flexible distributed computing with volunteered resources." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/358.

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Nowadays, computational grids have evolved to a stage where they can comprise many volunteered resources owned by different individual users and/or institutions, such as desktop grids and volunteered computing grids. This brings benefits for large-scale computing, as more resources are available to exploit. On the other hand, the inherent characteristics of the volunteered resources bring some challenges for efficiently exploiting them. For example, jobs may not be able to be executed by some resources, as the computing resources can be heterogeneous. Furthermore, the resources can be volatile as the resource owners usually have the right to decide when and how to donate the idle Central Processing Unit (CPU) cycles of their computers. Therefore, in order to utilise volunteered resources efficiently, this research investigated solutions from different aspects. Firstly, this research proposes a new computational Grid architecture based on Java and Java application migration technologies to provide fundamental support for coping with these challenges. This proposed architecture supports heterogeneous resources, ensuring local activities are not affected by Grid jobs and enabling resources to carry out live and automatic Java application migration. Secondly, this research work proposes some job-scheduling and migration algorithms based on resource availability prediction and/or artificial intelligence techniques. To examine the proposed algorithms, this work includes a series of experiments in both synthetic and practical scenarios and compares the performance of the proposed algorithms with existing ones across a variety of scenarios. According to the critical assessment, each algorithm has its own distinct advantages and performs well when certain conditions are met. In addition, this research analyses the characteristics of resources in terms of the availability pattern of practical volunteer-based grids. The analysis shows that each environment has its own characteristics and each volunteered resource’s availability tends to possess weak correlations across different days and times-of-day.

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Johnson, David Robert. "Conformability analysis for the control of quality costs in electronic systems." Thesis, University of Hull, 2003. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:16059.

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The variations embodied in the production of electronic systems can cause that system to fail to conform to its specification with respect to Critical to Quality features. As a consequence of such failures the system manufacture may incur significant quality costs ranging from simple warranty returns up to legal liabilities. It can be difficult to determine both the probability that a system will fail to meet its specification and estimate the associated cost of failure. This thesis presents the Electronic Conformability Analysis (eCA) technique a novel methodology and supporting tool set for the assessment and control of quality costs associated with electronic systems. The technique addresses the three main elements of production affecting quality costs associated with electronic systems which are functionality, manufacturability and testability. Electronic Conformability Analysis combines statistical performance exploration with process capability indices, a modified form of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis and a cost mapping procedure. The technique allows the quality costs associated with design and manufacture induced failures to be assessed and the effectiveness of test strategies in reducing these costs to be determined. Through this analysis of costs the technique allows the potential trade-offs between these costs and those associated with design and process modifications to be explored. In support of the Electronic Conformability Analysis technique a number of new analysis tools have been developed. These tools enable the methodology to cope with the specific difficulties associated with the analysis of electronic systems. The technique has been applied to a number of analogue and mixed signal, safety critical circuits from automotive systems. These case studies have included several different levels of system complexity ranging from relatively simple transistor circuits to highly complex mechatronic systems. These case studies have shown that the technique is effective in a commercial design and manufacturing environment.

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Klinkhieo, Supat. "On-line estimation approaches to fault-tolerant control of uncertain systems." Thesis, University of Hull, 2009. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:2184.

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This thesis is concerned with fault estimation in Fault-Tolerant Control (FTC) and as such involves the joint problem of on-line estimation within an adaptive control system. The faults that are considered are significant uncertainties affecting the control variables of the process and their estimates are used in an adaptive control compensation mechanism. The approach taken involves the active FTC, as the faults can be considered as uncertainties affecting the control system. The engineering (application domain) challenges that are addressed are: (1) On-line model-based fault estimation and compensation as an FTC problem, for systems with large but bounded fault magnitudes and for which the faults can be considered as a special form of dynamic uncertainty. (2) Fault-tolerance in the distributed control of uncertain inter-connected systems The thesis also describes how challenge (1) can be used in the distributed control problem of challenge (2). The basic principle adopted throughout the work is that the controller has two components, one involving the nominal control action and the second acting as an adaptive compensation for significant uncertainties and fault effects. The fault effects are a form of uncertainty which is considered too large for the application of passive FTC methods. The thesis considers several approaches to robust control and estimation: augmented state observer (ASO); sliding mode control (SMC); sliding mode fault estimation via Sliding Mode Observer (SMO); linear parameter-varying (LPV) control; two-level distributed control with learning coordination.

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Monkman, Gareth John. "Robotic workcell analysis and object level programming." Thesis, University of Hull, 1990. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6719.

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For many years robots have been programmed at manipulator or joint level without any real thought to the implementation of sensing until errors occur during program execution. For the control of complex, or multiple robot workcells, programming must be carried out at a higher level, taking into account the possibility of error occurrence. This requires the integration of decision information based on sensory data. Aspects of robotic workcell control are explored during this work with the object of integrating the results of sensor outputs to facilitate error recovery for the purposes of achieving completely autonomous operation. Network theory is used for the development of analysis techniques based on stochastic data. Object level programming is implemented using Markov chain theory to provide fully sensor integrated robot workcell control.

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Basarudin, Hafiz. "Development of a heterogeneous microwave network, fade simulation tool applicable to networks that span Europe." Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5774.

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Radio communication systems operating at microwave frequencies are strongly attenuated by hydrometeors such as rain and wet snow (sleet). Hydrometeor attenuation dominates the dynamic fading of most types of radio links operating above 10 GHz, especially high capacity, fixed, terrestrial and Earth-Space links. The International Telecommunication Unions – Radio Section (ITU-R) provides a set of internationally recognized models to predict annual fade distributions for a wide variety of individual radio link. However, these models are not sufficient for the design and optimisation of networks, even as simple as two links. There are considerable potential gains to be achieved from the optimized design of real-time or predictive Dynamic Resource Management systems. The development of these systems requires a joint channel simulation tool applicable to arbitrary, heterogeneous networks. This thesis describes the development of a network fade simulation tool, known as GINSIM, which can simulate joint dynamic fade time-series on heterogeneous networks of arbitrary geometry, spanning Europe. GINSIM uses as input meteorological and topological data from a variety of sources and numerically calculates the joint effects on fading on all links in a specified network. ITU-R models are used to transform rain rate into specific attenuation and to estimate the specific attenuation amplification due to non-liquid hydrometeors. The resulting simulation tool has been verified against ITU-R models of average annual fade distributions, fade slope and fade duration distributions, in the southern UK. Validation has also been performed against measured terrestrial and Earth-space link data, acquired in the Southern UK and Scotland.

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Langley, Philip. "Numerical modelling of the deformation of elastic material by the TLM method." Thesis, University of Hull, 1997. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:10448.

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The transmission line matrix (TLM) method is a numerical tool for the solution of wave and diffusion type equations. The application of TLM to physical phenomena such as heat flow and electromagnetic wave propagation is well established. A previous attempt to apply TLM models to the area of elastic wave propagation and elastic deformation had limited success. The work of this thesis extends the application base of TLM to the area of elastic deformation modelling and validates the model for several two-dimensional situations. In doing this it has been necessary to develop new nodal structures which facilitate the scaling of differential coefficients and incorporation of cross derivatives. Nodal structures which allow the modelling of two and three-dimensional, and anisotropic, elastic deformation are described. The technique is demonstrated by applying the elastic deformation model to several elastic problems. These include two-dimensional isotropic models and models of anisotropic elastic deformation. Provision is also made for the application of various boundary conditions which include displacement, force and frictional boundaries.

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Johnson, David Gary. "Integrating sensors and actuators for robotic assembly." Thesis, University of Hull, 1986. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:11276.

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This thesis addresses the problem of integrating sensors and actuators for closed-loop control of a robotic assembly cell. In addition to the problems of interfacing the physical components of the work-cell, the difficulties of representing sensory feedback at a high level within the robot control program are investigated. A new level of robot programming, called sensor-level programming, is introduced. In this, the movements of the actuators are not given explicitly, but rather are inferred by the programming system to achieve new sensor conditions given by the programmer. Control of each sensor and actuator is distributed through a master-slave hierarchy, with each sensor and actuator having its own slave controller. A protocol for information interchange between each controller and the master is defined. If possible, the control of the kinematics of a robot arm is achieved through the manufacturer's existing control system. Under these circumstances, the actuator slave would be acting as an interface between the generic command codes issued from the central controller, and the syntax of the corresponding control instructions required by the commercial system. Sensor information is preprocessed in the sensor slaves and a set of high-level descriptors, called attributes, are sent to the central controller. Closed-loop control is achieved on the basis of these attributes. The processing of sensor information which is corrupted by noise is investigated. Sources of sensor noise are identified and new algorithms are developed to quantify the noise based on information obtained from the closed-loop servoing. Once the relative magnitudes of the system and measurement noise have been estimated, a Kalman filter is used to weight the sensor information and hence reduce the credibility given to noisy sensors; in the limit ignoring the information completely. The improvements in system performance by processing the sensor information in this way are demonstrated. The sensor-level representation and automatic error processing are embedded in a software control system, which can be used to interface commercial systems as well as purpose-built devices. An'industrial research project associated with the lay-up of carbon-fibre provides an example of its operation. A list of publications resulting from the work in this thesis is given in Appendix E.

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Pollet, Didier Michel. "A study of low force fabric characteristics and vibrational behaviour for automated garment handling." Thesis, University of Hull, 1998. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:11092.

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One of the fundamental concepts in automated garment assembly is that the orientation of a fabric panel should never be lost. However, if a panel does become distorted, several techniques, such as vision, air flotation tables, and vibratory conveyors are available to restore the orientation. This thesis has investigated the behaviour of a fabric panel on a vibratory table. Several table parameters such as amplitude of vibration, frequency and angle of inclination, together with some important fabric properties as friction and compressibility are required to understand the behaviour. However, most work on friction in textiles considers fibre-fibre or fabric-fabric friction, which is not appropriate to this and so low force frictional properties between unloaded fabric and engineering surfaces (i.e., aluminium, Formica and rubber) have been studied. The influence of several experimental variables on friction is demonstrated, in particular, the effect of humidity and velocity. Further, an in depth study is made on the stick-slip of fabric panels wherein a novel measuring technique is introduced. An estimate of the damping, which is required to model the fabric, has been obtained from an in-plane vibration test. The second significant fabric property to be studied is the compression both static and impact. Again, only low-force compression tests are carried out since these are the typical forces experienced by fabrics on a vibrating table. The static compressibility of knitted and woven materials is verified with van Wvk's equation. which gives a near indistinguishable fit with the experimental data.

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McAuley, Anthony Joseph. "Public key cryptosystems : theory, application and implementation." Thesis, University of Hull, 1985. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:12527.

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The determination of an individual's right to privacy is mainly a nontechnical matter, but the pragmatics of providing it is the central concern of the cryptographer. This thesis has sought answers to some of the outstanding issues in cryptography. In particular, some of the theoretical, application and implementation problems associated with a Public Key Cryptosystem (PKC). The Trapdoor Knapsack (TK) PKC is capable of fast throughput, but suffers from serious disadvantages. In chapter two a more general approach to the TK-PKC is described, showing how the public key size can be significantly reduced. To overcome the security limitations a new trapdoor was described in chapter three. It is based on transformations between the radix and residue number systems. Chapter four considers how cryptography can best be applied to multi-addressed packets of information. We show how security or communication network structure can be used to advantage, then proposing a new broadcast cryptosystem, which is more generally applicable. Copyright is traditionally used to protect the publisher from the pirate. Chapter five shows how to protect information when in easily copyable digital format. Chapter six describes the potential and pitfalls of VLSI, followed in chapter seven by a model for comparing the cost and performance of VLSI architectures. Chapter eight deals with novel architectures for all the basic arithmetic operations. These architectures provide a basic vocabulary of low complexity VLSI arithmetic structures for a wide range of applications. The design of a VLSI device, the Advanced Cipher Processor (ACP), to implement the RSA algorithm is described in chapter nine. It's heart is the modular exponential unit, which is a synthesis of the architectures in chapter eight. The ACP is capable of a throughput of 50 000 bits per second.

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Al-Jajjoka, Sam Nooh K. "Time domain threshold crossing for signals in noise." Thesis, University of Hull, 1995. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:11535.

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This work investigates the discrimination of times between threshold crossings for deterministic periodic signals with added band-limited noise. The methods include very low signal to noise ratio (one or less). Investigation has concentrated on the theory of double threshold crossings, with especial care taken in the effects of correlations in the noise, and their effects on the probability of detection of double crossings. A computer program has been written to evaluate these probabilities for a wide range of signal to noise ratiOS, a wide range of signal to bandwidth ratios, and a range of times between crossings of up to two signal periods. Correlations due to the extreme cases of a Brickwall filter and a second order Butterworth filter have been included; other filters can easily be included in the program. The method is simulated and demonstrated by implementing on a digital signal processor (DSP) using a TMS32020. Results from the DSP technique are in agreement with the theoretical evaluations. Probability results could be used to determine optimum time thresholds and windows for signal detection and frequency discrimination, to determine the signal length for adequate discrimination, and to evaluate channel capacities. The ability to treat high noise, including exact effects of time correlations, promises new applications in electronic signal detection, communications, and pulse discrimination neural networks.

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Gilbert, James Michael. "Nonlinear control of an industrial robot." Thesis, University of Hull, 1989. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:11077.

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The precise control of a robot manipulator travelling at high speed constitutes a major research challenge. This is due to the nonlinear nature of the dynamics of the arm which make many traditional, linear control methodologies inappropriate. An alternative approach is to adopt controllers which are themselves nonlinear. Variable structure control systems provide the possibility of imposing dynamic characteristics upon a poorly modelled and time varying system by means of a discontinuous control signal. The basic algorithm overcomes some nonlinear effects but is sensitive to Coulomb friction andactuator saturation. By augmenting this controller with compensation terms, these effects may largely be eliminated. In order to investigate these ideas, a number of variable structure control systems ~re applied to a low cost industrial robot having a highly nonlinear and flexible drive system. By a combination of hardware enhancements and control system developments, an improvement in speed by a factor of approximately three was achieved while the trajectory tracking accuracy was improved by a factor of ten, compared with the manufacturer's control system. In order to achieve these improvements, it was necessary to develop a dynamic model of the arm including the effects of drive system flexibility and nonlinearities. The development of this model is reported in this thesis, as is work carried out on a comparison of numerical algorithms for the solution of differential equations with discontinuous right hand sides, required in the computer aided design of variable structure control systems.

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El, Safty Manal Nour El Din. "Auditing in electronic environments from an actor-network theory perspective : case of Egypt." Thesis, University of Hull, 2009. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:2187.

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This study seeks to explore how the network of auditing in an electronic environment, in the Egyptian context, is constituted. To understand how this network is constituted, the study explores the main actors that have an influence on auditing in electronic environments. It explores how, and why, these actors were enrolled, or found places for themselves, in this network. Moreover, the study discovers how these actors interact together to perform and shape the network. Actor-Network Theory (ANT) was adopted to be the theoretical framework of this study as its main focus is on the process of constructing and maintaining networks; it asks how and for what purposes heterogeneous entities are brought together in a network. By adopting the ANT perspective, this study highlights the notion that auditing in an electronic environment is not only the process of auditing the outcomes (financial statements) of a technical system using technological methods. Rather, it is a network constituted from hybrid human and non-human, local and global actors, who interact with each other through circulating different intermediaries and who have an influence on the audit process. In other words, this study looks beyond the fact that financial auditors are responsible for auditing the financial statements, which are the outputs of advanced electronic systems, to explore the process by which auditing in advanced electronic environments takes place. Thinking of the process of auditing in advanced electronic environments from an Actor-Network Theory perspective extends the list of actors involved in the process, and expands the issues that should be considered in their interaction.

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Hu, Guang. "Liquid crystalline and polymer network organic semiconductors for application in opto-electronic devices." Thesis, University of Hull, 2015. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:13074.

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A series of novel liquid crystalline and photopolymerisable monomer organic semiconductors for plastic electronics applications, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and/or organic photovoltaics (OPVs) were synthesised and evaluated in this thesis. A number of synthetic reactions were carried out to obtain the desired compounds and intermediates under different reaction conditions. Different aryl-aryl cross-coupling reactions such as Suzuki reactions and direct arylations, palladium-catalysed systems [Pd(OAc)₂, Pd(OAc)₂+P(Ph)₃, and Pd(PPh₃)₄] for Suzuki aryl-aryl cross-couplings, and the choices of reaction solvents and base aqueous for N-alkyl substitutions were compared, optimised and analysed in this thesis. A variety of electron-withdrawing- or electron-donating moieties, including 2,7-disubstituted carbazole, 2,5-disubstituted thiophene rings, 1,4-disubstituted phenylene, 2,7-disubstituted fluorene, dibenzothiophene, benzothiadiazole and thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione cores, were designed to incorporate in the molecular structure of various aromatic heterocyclic organic semiconductors. The relationship of liquid crystalline mesophases and molecular structures were analysed and established. Linear and co-axial aromatic backbones and short lateral chains contribute to the presence of liquid crystalline mesophases due to a large length-to-breadth ratio. Structural design of different aromatic cores promote the presence of different electroluminescent colours (i.e., organge for compound 53, green for compound 38, and blue for compound 41) and the tuning of device performance. Particularly, the nematic liquid crystalline 42 with a desired glass transition temperature above room temperature (32°C) and high clearing point (161°C) shows lower switch-on voltages (2.4 V) and higher OLED device brightness, current density and efficiency. Furthermore, There are excellent matches between the values of the ionization potential (IP = -5.53 eV) and the electron affinity (EA = -2.89 eV) of electroluminescent liquid crystalline 42 and the HOMO energy level of the hole-transport layer cross-linked OTPD (IP = -5.48 eV) and the LUMO energy level of electron-transporting layer of SPPO13 (EA = -2.91 eV), respectively. This advantageous combination of energy levels within the test OLED results in low charge-injection barriers for electrons and holes, respectively, leading to a high current density and a corresponding high density of excitons in the emissive layer where efficient recombination occurs efficiently with emission of light. In addition, novel photopolymerisable carbazole-functionalised triazatruxenes incorporating three or more cross-linkable endgroups including non-conjugated dienes and oxetanes at the end of aliphatic flexible spacers, were first reported and synthesised using simple one-step N-position substitution reactions. The cross-linking abilities of C=C double bonds, C≡C triple bonds, non-conjugated dienes and oxetanes attached to the triazatruxene core were compared and investigated. The result proved that non-conjugated dienes attached to more chemically and photochemically stable tertiary amides (90% @400 J/cm² UV for monomer 96) showed a greater tendency to photopolymerise than that attached to common ester bonds (72% @800 J/cm² UV for monomer K1). The photopolymerisable monomers also afford a cheap thin-film fabrication by solution spin-coating in organic optical-electrical devices. Hole test device of photopolymerisable triazatruxene 100 was fabricated by solution spin-coating. The effect of cross-linking and doping on hole-transporting capacity were studied in this work. It was found that cross-linking of photopolymerisable triazatruxenes 100 does not lead to a decrease of current density while photopolymerisable triaryamine monomer with similar star-shape does. Furthermore, the use of highly electronegative p-type dopant results in an increase of current density due to the formation of more free holes in a device by removing electrons from the host material.

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Duranceau, Ellen, and Cindy Hepfer. "Staffing for Electronic Resource Management: the Results of a Survey." Elsevier : Serials Review, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/31207.

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The authors offer the results of an informal survey of library staffing trends related to the acquisition and maintenance of electronic resources. They test their hypothesis that the problem of staffing for e-resources has reached a critical level.

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Galina, Russell I. "Electronic resources and institutional repositories in informal scholarly communication and publishing." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/17428/.

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The aim of institutional repositories is to aid the management and dissemination of the increasingly copious amount of scholarly electronic resources produced by academics. To date most research has focused on the impact for formal scholarly publishing. The purpose of this exploratory study is to discover the impact of IRs on the visibility and use of digital resources with particular focus on resources outside the formal publishing framework. An online survey and interviews with repository managers were conducted. A link analysis study was undertaken to determine what types of web resources were linking to items within repositories. The findings show that a wide range of non-formal e-resources are accepted and repository managers’ attitudes are positive towards their importance. In practice the range of resources is limited and mainly text based. The development of typologies for non-formal resources is done in an ad hoc manner. Workflow processes for content acquisition in repositories vary considerably and are quite complex in particular for non-formal e-resources. The findings show a lack of cohesive discourse between repository objectives and collection policies and actual work flow processes. Repository managers consider usage data important and its most popular uses are for advocacy and securing funding. Interpretation of usage data focuses on formal resources but evidence suggests that non-formal resources play an important part in repository visibility. Blogs, academic pages and discussion forums are important web sources that link to items within repositories. The study demonstrates that institutional repositories are not particularly successful at handling resources outside the framework of formal publishing. The system caters largely towards eprints, in particular postprints. A fundamental challenge, if scholarly communication is to move towards new forms of communication and publishing enabled by digital technologies, is to find ways to effectively name, manage and integrate non-formal electronic resources into the institutional repository.

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Ashcroft, Linda Susan. "The development of electronic resources in libraries : effective marketing and communication." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2012. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/6166/.

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This submission addresses the change to the electronic environment in libraries. It presents eight selected research papers which cumulatively contribute to knowledge regarding the management issues arising from this change. The specific elements of the research programme focused primarily on changes in academic libraries and secondly in public libraries. The implications of changes in different countries were investigated. The research programme evolved over time, as its applicability and relevance extended to other players in the developing library electronic resources field. The need for effective communication and marketing regarding electronic resources was identified as key, and it became increasingly evident that libraries needed to adopt marketing techniques appropriate to the changing environment and different to those techniques traditionally used. The linked elements of the research programme involve managing changing user needs in line with a changing user base, which includes remote users, and the requirements for changing staff skills. Further elements include work in a virtual environment alongside a physical environment and collaboration and consortia working. The central aim of the research programme was to identify solutions for best practice, and funding was obtained for many of the research elements. Originality is demonstrated by investigation into an emerging area, using library websites at the time of their development and applying an experimental research technique. Research methods from different research paradigms - positivist and interpretivist - were employed. Quantitative data was obtained to establish hard facts. Qualitative approaches enabled the acquisition of multiple perspectives and understanding of social constructions of meaning and knowledge, such as respondents' attitudes, feelings and perceptions. The extent and modes of discussion with respondents facilitated triangulation of methods that resulted in multiple views for synthesis so as to clarify understanding. All of the research was underpinned by an on-going literature review, which was vital in order to assess both what existed and current developments. The research methods used were applied in a sequence of eight stages as the electronic environment in libraries developed. The research aimed to provide a fully rounded picture, investigating the issues arising from the introduction of electronic resources in libraries, and it achieved this by considering developments over a period of time just in excess of the past decade. The papers present findings that can be applied by players in the field of electronic resource provision. Foremost amongst these was the requirements for educating library users, often in a remote environment, in the use of the new electronic resources, which were derived and the vital importance of operating different marketing and communication techniques, which was demonstrated.

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McFarland, Charles, David Lee, and Marion Slack. "Reliance on Electronic Drug Information Resources: Pharmacy Students, Residents and Faculty." The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614141.

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Class of 2015 Abstract
Objectives: To assess how likely pharmacy students, faculty, residents and pharmacists will rely on an electronic device when presented with a specific drug name to research and to identify which electronic devices these four particular groups are most likely to use on a daily basis by including students enrolled in the first, second, or third year didactic coursework attending a four-year Doctor of Pharmacy program; faculty members and residents who were associated with a public research university located in the southwestern United States of America; and the pharmacy professional working in a research hospital type setting. Methods: Questionnaires were administered following three different scenarios. The first involved distributing the questionnaire during regularly scheduled classes to the first-year, second-year, and third-year professional pharmacy students. The second involved distributing questionnaires to the faculty and residents to their respective mailboxes and then collecting them at a later date. And the third scenario involved the project advisor distributing the questionnaires to his colleagues at the University of Arizona Medical Center (UAMC), now known as Banner – University Medical Center (Tucson), and then collecting them at a later date. Results: A total of 262 pharmacy students, 12 faculty, and 17 residents and other pharmacists participated in this study. Almost half of the first-year (44%) students do not work while in pharmacy school, 18% for the second-year students, and 9% for the third-year students whereby those who did work while in pharmacy school obtained more exposure to the various drug names currently available versus those who did not work. When comparing each group, having more experience typically resulted in less reliance on an electronic device. The first-year students, having the least experience, relied on an electronic device the most for the USA (3.1), pulled (3.3), and foreign (3.6) drug categories versus the residents and the working professional group (2.4, 2.4, and 3.0, respectively). The p-values for the USA, pulled, and foreign drug categories were all less than 0.001 (p < 0.001) which equates to all three groups being clinically significant. However with the fictitious drug category, the p-value was not clinically significant (p > 0.05). When analyzing the seven drugs currently marketed in the United States (USA), each group (P1, P2, P3, faculty, residents and pharmacists) knew the most about Cialis (2.5, 1.7, 1.2, 1.2, and 0.8) and Nexium (1.5, 1.1, 1.0, 0.5, and 0.3), respectively, versus the five newer drugs. The p-values for these two drugs showed clinical significance (p < 0.001). Conclusions: With the number of new drugs constantly being introduced to the global market, the pharmacist must typically rely heavily on his or her electronic device to provide optimal patient care, but with experience gained comes less reliance on these electronic devices. Both men, women, and the various groups surveyed had similar levels of confidence when reaching for their electronic device. Repeated use of these electronic devices can potentially increase the pharmacist's knowledge about a particular new drug whereby one day, it becomes common knowledge about the drug being dispensed (e.g. Cialis and Nexium). These electronic devices are now included as one of the more common tools found inside the typical pharmacy nowadays alongside the counting tray and spatula. Unfortunately these electronic devices do have their own personal limitations and the pharmacist must still use his or her own clinical judgement.

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Almasoud, Sultan. "The alignment of the Saudi legal system with the international rules of electronic commerce." Thesis, University of Hull, 2008. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:7974.

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This thesis deals with fundamental questions of compatibility and adaptation in the regulation of electronic commerce as it impacts on the norms and precepts of Islamic law. It finds that in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the response of the religious and civil authorities to the realignment of its laws of contract, in order to encompass the innovations and changes implicit in the electronic environment, have been inhibited by misgivings about the nature of the electronic environment itself and by fears that some of the protective aspects of traditional contract formation will be lost. Based upon a detailed comparison of the various stages and components of the electronic and traditional contract, the thesis finds that the principles underlying Islamic law are not violated or substantively threatened by the new forms. It is shown that laws and treaties, created at an international level of scrutiny and discussion, are now broadly in place and accepted by most of the ‘developed’ world, with necessary allowance being made for future innovation and change. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, it is recommended, can only make progress in this field by a policy of greater engagement, both in respect of the nature of the electronic contract itself, and also with the arbiters of compromise in bodies such as the United Nations and the World Trade Organisation. It finds this progress to be essential to the health and well-being of Saudi society as a whole, and it suggests that any misgivings currently felt by the nation’s legislators are based more on misapprehension than on objective realities.

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Takaoka, Haruyoshi. "Business-to-consumer electronic commerce in Japan." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2707.

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The purpose of the project was to examine the current situation of B2C e-commerce in Japan, consumers' online purchasing behavior, and attributes affecting online purchases. Since many companies are interested in starting or have started B2C e-commerce businesses, this study would aid companies in developing marketing strategies that would grow their businesses and build loyalty among consumers.

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Maya, Zukiswa. "The use of electronic information resources in the university of Fort Hare Library Services." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/6303.

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The study seeks to explore the use of electronic information resource in the University of Fort Hare (UFH) Library. The objectives of the study are to determine factors that influence acquisitions of electronic information resources at UFH library, to find out the user’s responses to electronic information resources in the library and identify the challenges faced by UFH library regarding the usage of electronic information resources. The literature review was conducted through an acquisition of electronic information resources in academic libraries, collection development policies of academic libraries in South Africa and application of electronic information resources within South Africa and globally. The study is based on Diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory. The study adopted qualitative and quantitative approaches, and the non-probability sampling-Quota sampling was used for students and purposive sampling technique for librarians and academics. The data was collected with self-administered questionnaires and document analysis. The study found that academics were not fully involved in the acquisition of the library electronic information resources; therefore, there is a lack of communication about the acquisition of electronic resources. The study further reveals that there is usage of electronic information resources; however, there are library users who prefers to use search engines such as google, yahoo etc. It was also identified that there are two important barriers that hinder the use of electronic information resources, i.e. physical and personal barriers. The study recommends that University of Fort Hare library should consider including e resources in the collection development policy. It is also recommended that the library online training/tutorials must be installed on the library website to increase the usage of e-resources. In order to stay relevant and visible, librarians should embrace new opportunities and go beyond the comfort zone of traditional librarian principles.

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Spinks, Stephen James. "Fault simulation for structural testing of analogue integrated circuits." Thesis, University of Hull, 1998. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8047.

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In this thesis the ANTICS analogue fault simulation software is described which provides a statistical approach to fault simulation for accurate analogue IC test evaluation. The traditional figure of fault coverage is replaced by the average probability of fault detection. This is later refined by considering the probability of fault occurrence to generate a more realistic, weighted test metric. Two techniques to reduce the fault simulation time are described, both of which show large reductions in simulation time with little loss of accuracy. The final section of the thesis presents an accurate comparison of three test techniques and an evaluation of dynamic supply current monitoring. An increase in fault detection for dynamic supply current monitoring is obtained by removing the DC component of the supply current prior to measurement.

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Aggarwal, Vibhor. "High-fidelity rendering on shared computational resources." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4476/.

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The generation of high-fidelity imagery is a computationally expensive process and parallel computing has been traditionally employed to alleviate this cost. However, traditional parallel rendering has been restricted to expensive shared memory or dedicated distributed processors. In contrast, parallel computing on shared resources such as a computational or a desktop grid, offers a low cost alternative. But, the prevalent rendering systems are currently incapable of seamlessly handling such shared resources as they suffer from high latencies, restricted bandwidth and volatility. A conventional approach of rescheduling failed jobs in a volatile environment inhibits performance by using redundant computations. Instead, clever task subdivision along with image reconstruction techniques provides an unrestrictive fault-tolerance mechanism, which is highly suitable for high-fidelity rendering. This thesis presents novel fault-tolerant parallel rendering algorithms for effectively tapping the enormous inexpensive computational power provided by shared resources. A first of its kind system for fully dynamic high-fidelity interactive rendering on idle resources is presented which is key for providing an immediate feedback to the changes made by a user. The system achieves interactivity by monitoring and adapting computations according to run-time variations in the computational power and employs a spatio-temporal image reconstruction technique for enhancing the visual fidelity. Furthermore, algorithms described for time-constrained offline rendering of still images and animation sequences, make it possible to deliver the results in a user-defined limit. These novel methods enable the employment of variable resources in deadline-driven environments.

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Smith, James David. "Urban school principal leadership preparation [electronic resources] perspective of urban school principals /." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

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O'Connell, Michael Patrick. "Electrical impedance measurements of the uterine cervix in pregnancy." Thesis, University of Hull, 2002. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8032.

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This is the first time that electrical impedance studies have been performed on the pregnant cervix. In this thesis the following has been demonstrated: 1. An inter-observer variability in resistivity readings, initially of the order of 20%, but decreasing to 1% once proficiency with the technique was established. 2. An intra-observer variability in resistivity readings of less than 15% in 94% of cases using the 5.5mm probe and 90% when using the 8mm probe. 3. A degree of heterogeneity in the pregnant cervix as attested to by the differences in resistivity measurements on different sites on the cervix. Some of these changes were partly due to technical difficulties. Nevertheless there appeared to be an increase in extracellular resistivity measurements between the anterior and posterior lips of the external cervical os. 4. A positive correlation between the resistivity measurements and gestational age using the 5.5mm probe. No significant correlations were identified between resistivity readings and both parity and maternal age. 5. A statistically significant difference in resistivity readings when comparing the non-pregnant and pregnant cervix. The change in readings was in a direction which reflected the increase in tissue hydration described by others. 6. A statistically significant difference between readings for ripe and unripe cervices at the time of induction of labour, with a fall in extracellular resistivity with increasing favourability as assessed by the Bishop score. This was accompanied by an increase in intracellular resistivity with increasing cervical favourability. The effect of prostaglandin administration on the pregnant cervix demonstrated a decrease in extracellular resistivity and an increase in intracellular resistivity associated with the cervical ripening process. Whilst the results were neither of statistical nor of clinical significance, they were nevertheless in the direction predicted. 7. A statistically significant correlation between extracellular resistivity and interval to delivery using the 8mm probe. 8. A new investigative modality that had high patient acceptability. To date the findings demonstrated in this thesis conceptually agree with the literature on the pregnant cervix. Thus it is imperative to continue with further studies of this new investigative modality.

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Yeap, Gik Hong. "Electronic structure and optical properties of sb-based self-assembled quantum dots for the mid-infrared range." Thesis, University of Hull, 2009. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:2474.

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Quantum dots (QDs) are zero-dimensional nanostructures that confined carriers in three dimensions comparable to their de Broglie wavelengths. Therefore, carriers exhibit δ-shaped energy levels and densities of states. Due to their band structure, QD systems show significant advantages as active regions in laser cavities, both in term of lower threshold current densities and better thermal behaviour. The most studied system beingInAs/GaAs system but the antimonide-based (Sb-based) material system has been paid much attention due to their potential for optical devices in the 3-5 μm (0.25-0.40 eV) spectral regions and motivated by feasibility of active medium in high speed electronic and long wavelength photonic devices.�In most cases, QDs structures had been obtained with an intrinsic elastic strain field arising from the lattice mismatch between the matrix and QD materials. The strain field plays a very significant role in the fabrication of the self-assembled QDs (SAQDs).Strain fields inside SAQD structures strongly affect the electronic band structure, which in turn, strongly affects the performance of optoelectronic devices. Therefore,knowledge and determination of the strain field in the dots and surrounding matrix is crucial in order to obtain a well ordered SAQDs structure. While knowledge and determination of the electronic structure calculation are necessary for further device modelling to improve the performance of the devices.Numerical work based on continuum-elasticity based on Finite Element Method (FEM) and standard-deformation-potential theory has been carried out to investigate the effect of strain on the band structure for InSb-based SAQD systems with type-I and type-II band alignment. The effect of elastic anisotropy on both strain distribution and band edges profile is also performed. Next, multi-band k·p method is used to model the electronic structure of InSb-based SAQD systems.The results from the modelling show that the strain-modified band profile of the zinc-blende III-V compound semiconductor SAQDs is not very sensitive to the details of the dot shape and the major governing parameter of the geometry is the aspect ratio of the dot. The modelling results also reveal that there are no appropriate material combinations for zinc-blende III-V compound semiconductors that would applicable for the MIR 3-5 μm (0.25-0.40 eV) emission range when type-I band alignment is possible. This leads to the investigation of type-II broken gap InAsxSb(1-x)/InAs SAQDs.Finally, the optical properties of the InSb-based SAQDs are investigated by means of the photoluminescence (PL) measurement using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The PL results are analysed and compared to the modelling results.

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Nkaule, Nomnqweno Princess. "Utilisation of print and electronic media by students at zamukulungisa campus of the Walter Sisulu University." Thesis, Walter Sisulu University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11260/d1007152.

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The study looks at how the library users at Zamukulungisa Campus of the Walter Sisulu University (WSU) in the Eastern Cape in South Africa perceive the print media versus electronic media as sources of information for their requirements. The study is aimed at investigating the extent of use of these media by the users of the institution under study and their reaction to print versus electronic media. It is understood that the Zamukulungisa Campus of the WSU users come from different backgrounds. Some come from underdeveloped rural areas where there are no basic amenities available such as running water, toilets, telephones or even electricity and libraries. These types of users depended on information from text books and from their teachers only. The rationale for the study is to examine the students‟ use of print and electronic materials available in the library of the institution under study with the view to identifying the gaps that need to be addressed in order to make recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of the service provision of information to the users by the librarians. With this purpose in mind, the study looks at: the frequency of library use; the nature of the media available in the library; the tools utilized by the users to access the media in the library; the preference of the library users for media usage; the users‟ perceptions and reactions to print and electronic media; the effects on users and; the background to the use of print and electronic media. A questionnaire was used to collect data for this research study from sampled students at Zamukulungisa Campus of the WSU. The findings may lead to potential solutions based on the users‟ reactions to the recommendations of their use of the print and electronic media. The references used are shown in the bibliography. Keywords: print media, electronic media, library users, different backgrounds, underdeveloped rural areas, basic needs, recommendation of the use of print and electronic media, service provision, provision of information, media usage, users‟ perceptions, users‟ reactions, study operations, presentation of findings, analysis of data, discussion of results, levels of study.

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Sorensen, Charlene, Craig Harkema, and Karim Tharani. "Transcendental metadata: a collaborative schema for electronic resource description." Collaborative Librarianship, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/5459.

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Academic libraries are attempting to manage growing collections of diverse electronic resources in a cha-otic environment of evolving standards and systems. The transition from a print-dominated resource en-vironment to an electronic one has complicated the decision-making process. Current discourse primarily focuses on meeting patron needs and has distracted researchers from looking at librarian needs. The au-thors discovered that librarians want a better understanding of the nature, extent, and diversity of elec-tronic resources for decision making, assessment, and accountability. Drawing from the collaborative methods and design philosophies of other disciplines, this paper outlines an approach to leveraging Web 2.0 philosophy and Business Intelligence techniques to address these needs. This approach will serve as a guide for academic librarians to transcend their current practices in order to develop innovative, colla-borative, and holistic approaches to the joint stewardship of library electronic resource collections.

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Ausman, Eman. "The digital design document strategies, principles and processes /." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2006. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2006/2006ausmane.pdf.

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West, Richard. "Adaptive real-time management of communication and computation resources." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/9237.

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Martinez, Deborah Henderson. "An empirical test of the conservation of resources model of stress /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3276953.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2007.
"May, 2007." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-108). Online version available on the World Wide Web. Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2007]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm.

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Sikhosana, Regina Balengane. "Managing electronic resources at selected tertiary institutions in the Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2727.

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Thesis (MTech (Business Information Systems))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.
The aim of this research study is to explore the management of electronic resources used in libraries. Three tertiary institutions were used as case studies. The unit of analysis was the three libraries, with library employees (14) working and managing electronic resources being the unit of observation. Non-random, purposive sampling techniques were used. The finding of this study suggests that the participants do not use the Aleph integrated library system (ILS) optimally to manage electronic resources. Library employees do not keep up with current and new emerging technology trends in the library and academic environment. There is a lack of training, as well as understanding, of business processes and workflows. This is emphasised by a lack of knowledge of library system environments and, finally, the high cost of implementing the library systems. Electronic resource management (ERM) systems emerged in the early 2000s, and it became clear that traditional integrated library systems did not have sufficient capacity to provide efficient processing for meeting the changing needs and challenges of libraries at tertiary institutions. Libraries find it challenging to manage the wide range of licensed electronic resources, collaborating, cooperating and sharing resources with different libraries. The increasing number of electronic resource demands from users for remote or off campus access makes it difficult for libraries to manage electronic resources. As a result of this inability to manage the electronic resources, libraries are not effectively and efficiently using appropriate electronic resource systems to meet their business requirements.

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Fan, Pingzhi. "Code design and analysis for multiple access communications." Thesis, University of Hull, 1994. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5864.

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This thesis explores various coding aspects of multiple access communications, mainly for spread spectrum multiaccess(SSMA) communications and collaborative coding multiaccess(CCMA) communications. Both the SSMA and CCMA techniques permit efficient simultaneous transmission by several users sharing a common channel, without subdivision in time or frequency. The general principle behind these two multiaccess schemes is that one can find sets of signals (codes) which can be combined together to form a composite signal; on reception, the individual signals in the set can each be recovered from the composite signal. For the CCMA scheme, the isolation between users is based on the code structure; for the SSMA scheme, on the other hand, the isolation between users is based on the autocorrelation functions(ACFs) and crosscorrelation functions (CCFs) of the code sequences. It is clear that, in either case, the code design is the key to the system design. For the CCMA system with a multiaccess binary adder channel, a class of superimposed codes is analyzed. It is proved that every constant weight code of weight w and maximal correlation λ corresponds to a subclass of disjunctive codes of order T < w/λ. Results related to the decomposition of the disjunctive codes in the noiseless and noisy cases are derived. Decoding algorithms for both the noiseless and the noisy cases are proposed. For the CCMA system operating over a multiaccess Q-ary adder channel, a class of cyclic uniquely decodable codes is proposed and analyzed by employing cyclic codes with symbols from an arbitrary finite integer rings. A very low complexity decoding procedure is presented. For a synchronous SSMA system, a new approach employing orthogonal complementary sets is presented; the properties of such orthogonal complementary sets are studied in detail. Recursive formulas for constructing orthogonal complementary sets are given. Methods for synthesizing new orthogonal complementary sets from known ones with the same dimensions are also discussed. For an asynchronous SSMA system, several new spreading codes are presented and studied: 1. A new class of polyphase codes with two-valued periodic ACF and CCF properties is derived. It is proved that, for a given prime length L > 3, the out-of-phase ACFs and CCFs of the codes are constant and equal to √L. In addition, all codes of the same length are mutually orthogonal. 2. Maximal length sequences (m-sequences) over Gaussian integers, suitable for use with QAM modulation, are considered. Two sub-classes of m-sequences with quasi-perfect periodic autocorrelations are obtained. The CCFs between the decimated m-sequences are studied. By applying a simple operation, it is shown that some m-sequences over rational and Gaussian integers can be transformed into perfect sequences with impulsive ACFs. 3. Frank codes and Chu codes have perfect periodic ACFs and optimum periodic CCFs. In addition, it is shown that they also have very favourable nonperiodic ACFs; some new results concerning the behaviour of the nonperiodic ACFs are derived. Further, it is proved that the sets of combined Frank/Chu codes, which contain a larger number of codes than either of the two constituent sets, also have very good periodic CCFs. Based on Frank codes and Chu codes, two interesting classes of real-valued codes with good correlation properties are defined. It is shown that these codes have periodic complementary properties and good periodic and nonperiodic ACF/CCFs. Finally, a hybrid CCMA/SSMA coding scheme is proposed. This new hybrid coding scheme provides a very flexible and powerful multiple accessing capability and allows simple and efficient decoding. Given an SSMA system with K users and a CCMA system with N users, where at most T users are active at any time, then the hybrid system will have K . N users with at most T.K users active at any time. The hybrid CCMA/SSMA coding scheme is superior to the individual CCMA system or SSMA system in terms of information rate, number of users, decoding complexity and external interference rejection capability.

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Coleman, Alfred. "Developing an e-health framework through electronic healthcare readiness assessment." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1519.

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The major socio-economic development challenges facing most African countries include economic diversification, poverty, unemployment, diseases and the unsustainable use of natural resources. The challenge of quality healthcare provisioning is compounded by the HIV/AIDS pandemic in Sub Saharan Africa. However, there is a great potential in using electronic healthcare (e-health) as one of the supportive systems within the healthcare sector to address these pressing challenges facing healthcare systems in developing countries, including solving inequalities in healthcare delivery between rural and urban hospitals/clinics. The purpose of this study was to compile a Provincial E-health Framework (PEHF) based on the feedback from electronic healthcare readiness assessments conducted in selected rural and urban hospitals/clinics in the North West Province in South Africa. The e-healthcare readiness assessment was conducted in the light of effective use of ICT in patient healthcare record system, consultation among healthcare professionals, prescription of medication, referral of patients and training of healthcare professionals in ICT usage. The study was divided into two phases which were phases 1 and 2 and a qualitative design supported by a case study approach was used. Data were collected using different techniques to enhance triangulation of data. The techniques included group interviews, qualitative questionnaires, photographs, document analysis and expert opinions. The outcome of the assessment led to the compilation of the PEHF which was based on Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). SOA was chosen to integrate the hospitals/clinics‟ ICT infrastructure yet allowing each hospital/clinic the autonomy to control its own ICT environment. To assist hospitals/clinics integrate their ICT resources, this research study proposed an Infrastructure Network Architecture which clustered hospitals/clinics to share common ICT infrastructure instead of duplicating these resources. Furthermore, processes of the e-health services (e-patient health IV record system, e-consultation system, e-prescription system, e-referral system and e-training system) were provided to assist in the implementation of the PEHF. Finally, a set of guidelines were provided by the research study to aid the implementation of the PEHF.

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CHANG, HSI ALEX. "AN ARCHITECTURE FOR ELECTRONIC MESSAGING IN ORGANIZATIONS: A DISTRIBUTED PROBLEM-SOLVING PERSPECTIVE." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184129.

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This dissertation provides a foundation for electronic information management in organizations. It focuses on the relationships among communication, control, and information flows of the organization. The main thesis addresses the question of how electronic mail messages may be managed according to their contents, ensuring at the same time, the preservation of organizational and social relationships. A taxonomy for the management of unstructured electronic information relevance based on the treatment of information is derived from current research. Among the three paradigms, the information processing, the information distribution, and the information sharing paradigms, the inadequacy of the first two is recognized, and the treatment of information in its active mode is proposed. This taxonomy can be used to quickly differentiate one research from another and evaluate its adequacy. Three concepts, four cornerstones, and an architecture constitute our framework of information relevance management. The cornerstones are knowledge of the organization, knowledge of the individual, information construction, and information interpretation. Through knowledge of the organization and the individual, the machine production systems are able to distribute and manage information according to the logic of human production systems. The other two cornerstones together improve the unity of interpretation among the organizational members. The physical architecture can adapt a number of applications, each of which, may not only have different knowledge presentations and inference mothods, but also may co-exist in the system simultaneously. An integrated knowledge-based electronic messaging system, the AI-MAIL system, is built, tested, and evaluated through a case study to demonstrate the feasibility of the architecture and its applicability to the real-world environment. The three operating levels, interorganizational, intraorganizational, and individual, are illustrated through a study of the U.S. Army. From three large scale field studies, the existing AUTODIN I system, a backbone of the Army's communications, is analyzed and evaluated to illustrate the applicability and benefits of the three operating levels. This dissertation contributes to the field of Management Information Systems by offering a methodology, a taxonomy, a new paradigm, a framework, and a system for information management and a method of adaptive organizational design. In addition, it points toward future research directions. Among them are research to deal with ethical issues, organizational research, knowledge engineering, multi-processor configuration, and internal protocols for applications.

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Awan, Malik Shahzad K. "Performance characterization of computational resources for time-constrained job execution in P2P environments." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57452/.

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Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing, involving the participation of thousands of general purpose, public computers, has established itself as a viable paradigm for executing looselycoupled, complex scientific applications requiring significant computational resources. The paradigm provides cheap, general-purpose computing resources with comparable computing power (FLOP/s) to an otherwise expensive supercomputer. The main characteristic of the paradigm is the volunteer participation of the general public, without any legal obligation, who dedicate their heterogeneous computational resources for advancing scientific research. The development of several middleware solutions have also furthered the application of P2P computing for solving complex scientific problems. The Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) is one of the most widely deployed middleware platforms in P2P systems, and has been deployed in more than 7.5 million general purpose computers for scientific computations, achieving an overall performance of 16,632.605 TeraFLOPS. ClimatePrediction.net, a large P2P project based on the BOINC middleware, involves more than 429,000 machines representing 200 different microprocessor architectures and running 21 distinct operating systems. The availability of such a large and diverse set of computational resources requires an in-depth investigation into the performance aspects of available computational resources in this dynamic P2P environment. This thesis analyses the performance data of ClimatePrediction.net primarily collected using two benchmarks, Dhrystone and Whetstone, which form part of the BOINC middleware. The results reveal a significant variation in integer and floating-point operational performance characterized by Dhrystone and Whetstone respectively for similar microprocessors, operating systems and hardware configurations. Under the BOINC environment, these performance results could be useful for: i) the selection of a suitable computing platform for executing time-constrained jobs; ii) calculating an incentive unit for rewarding project participants for their volunteer participation in large P2P projects to advance scientific research; and iii) efficient and effective utilization of available computational resources. However, the inconsistency in performance results of Dhrystone and Whetstone significantly affect their usefulness for the afore-mentioned three important applications areas, and highlight the need for reliability and consistency of performance results for obtaining maximum benefit in an uncontrolled and dynamic P2P environment. This thesis, based on the analysis of performance data of ClimatePrediction.net, identifies the key challenges associated with benchmarking in P2P environments. The thesis further suggests the design of a new light-weight P2P representative benchmark, by considering the source code of large P2P projects. The design outline of a new light-weight P2P representative benchmark – MalikStone – has been presented, whilst the results of MalikStone are compared with Dhrystone, Whetstone and CPU SPEC2006 and show its superiority in terms of consistency over both Dhrystone and Whetstone. For floating-point performance, MalikStone gave more representative results than Whetstone for Intel Corei5- 2400, Q9400, Q6600 and Pentium D processors with the standard deviation of repeated runs remaining less than 1 for each of the platforms. Similarly for integer operations, MalikStone also performed more consistently than Dhrystone with the standard deviation of repeated runs remaining less than 1 and gave more representative results for Corei5-2400, Q9400, Q6600 and Pentium D processors. In addition to the consistency in performance results, MalikStone captures broader performance characteristics by measuring floating-point, integer, bitwise-logic, string manipulation and programming construct operations. The performance results of MalikStone are further used for designing a new incentive unit – MalikCredit – for ensuring fairness in rewarding the project participants for their volunteer participation in large P2P projects to advance scientific research. MalikCredit is compared with BOINC’s existing incentive unit – Cobblestone, at three levels: 1) hourly level; 2) work-unit level; and 3) team-level; with the results showing fairness in rewards awarded using MalikCredit. This in turn is useful for retaining the existing project participants and attracting new volunteers for participating in large P2P projects, thereby, enhancing the application of P2P computing for solving scientific problems. A comparison of the credit values for the considered microprocessor architectures reveals that MalikCredit values are at least 2X more than Cobblestone values before normalization while the difference increases up to 3.3X for the fastest microprocessor, once normalization is applied to the claimed Cobblestones. The application of performance characterization done by MalikStone is further extended for scheduling computational resources by dynamically slicing the work-units keeping in view the available computational time of the resources and estimated execution time of the work-unit. The results of this new scheduling policy highlight their usefulness in maximizing the utilization of available computational resources when compared to BOINC’s traditional scheduling policies. The results have revealed that the policy improved the utilization of available computational resources by approximately 10% for the considered set of computational resources under the experimental setup considered in the case study (see Chapter 5). The findings of this thesis are envisaged to be primarily of significance to three main stakeholders: i) application developers; ii) project participants; and iii) project administrators. For application developers, the performance characterization done by MalikStone will be useful in exploiting the characteristics of underlying platforms for efficient execution, while at the same time supporting the improvement efforts for future versions of the software. The results will support project participants by informing them as to the amount of RAM, swap memory and main memory consumed during execution. The fairness in received rewards will encourage the existing project participants to continue participating in the lengthy execution of large P2P projects and will motivate the new volunteers to dedicate their computational resources to join large P2P projects. For the project administrators, the findings of this thesis will be useful in identifying suitable processor, operating system and hardware component configuration for best-case execution. In such a case the middleware might be instructed to postpone the allocation of work until a more effective architecture became available. Further, the newly proposed scheduling policy involving dynamic slicing of work-units based on the performance characterization of MalikStone could be deployed for improving the utilization of available computational resources. Finally, a few avenues of future research have been identified, which if explored could further enhance the appeal of this dynamic and uncontrolled P2P computing paradigm for cheaply solving complex and lengthy scientific problems that otherwise require enormous amount of financial cost as well as computational resources even exceeding that of traditional supercomputers.

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Venter, H. (Heinrich). "Developing a generic request-processor for systems with limited request processing resources." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20865.

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Thesis (MScIng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2008.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis describes the design, modelling and implementation of a prototype request- processing software system, which can be used as the basis for a request processing frame- work for systems with limited request processing resources. Due to design constraints, the request-processor system described here consists of multiple processes. It is problematic to prove that a multiple process design satis es the conditions of a set of prede ned requirements. One way to verify that such a multiple process design works as intended, is to use modelchecking tools. The system was veri ed for correctness and translated into a working prototype soft- ware system.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis beskryf die ontwerp, modellering en implementering van 'n prototipe versoek- verwerking-sagtewarestelsel. Die stelsel kan gebruik word om 'n versoekverwerkings- raamwerk te ontwerp vir stelsels met beperkte versoekverwerkingshulpbronne. Die ver- soekverwerkingsstelsel bestaan uit veelvoudige prosesse. Die veelvoudige proses-ontwerp was die direkte gevolg van stelselbeperkings. Dit is problematies om te bewys dat 'n multi-proses-ontwerp korrek funksioneer. Mod- elchecking-sagteware kan gebruik word om te veri eer of 'n stelsel korrek funksioneer. Die korrektheid van die stelsel is geveri eer voordat die nale prototipe ge¨implementeer is.

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Almuhaimeed, Abdullah. "Enhancing recommendations in specialist search through semantic-based techniques and multiple resources." Thesis, University of Essex, 2016. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/17584/.

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Information resources abound on the Internet, but mining these resources is a non-trivial task. Such abundance has raised the need to enhance services provided to users, such as recommendations. The purpose of this work is to explore how better recommendations can be provided to specialists in specific domains such as bioinformatics by introducing semantic techniques that reason through different resources and using specialist search techniques. Such techniques exploit semantic relations and hidden associations that occur as a result of the information overlapping among various concepts in multiple bioinformatics resources such as ontologies, websites and corpora. Thus, this work introduces a new method that reasons over different bioinformatics resources and then discovers and exploits different relations and information that may not exist in the original resources. Such relations may be discovered as a consequence of the information overlapping, such as the sibling and semantic similarity relations, to enhance the accuracy of the recommendations provided on bioinformatics content (e.g. articles). In addition, this research introduces a set of semantic rules that are able to extract different semantic information and relations inferred among various bioinformatics resources. This project introduces these semantic-based methods as part of a recommendation service within a content-based system. Moreover, it uses specialists' interests to enhance the provided recommendations by employing a method that is collecting user data implicitly. Then, it represents the data as adaptive ontological user profiles for each user based on his/her preferences, which contributes to more accurate recommendations provided to each specialist in the field of bioinformatics.

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Berenato, Gregory. "Measure it!: Developing an electronic resource for scientific measurement skills." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2621.

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Yusoff, Hashimah Mohd. "The use of electronic information resources among the users of Penang Public Library Corporation." School of Communication & Information, Nanyang Technological University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105641.

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Public libraries place importance on information technology for the delivery of quality services. One aspect of quality services is knowing the usage in the electronic information resources (EIRs) among the users. This study was carried out to investigate the use of the EIRs at the Penang Public Library Corporation (PPLC). The findings revealed that EIRs services provided by PPLC are being regularly used by the users. It was noted that the younger group relied more on the EIRs. The most preferred EIRs were Internet (51.9%) and OPAC (43.2%). The preference of Internet was higher among school students with 25% users and college students with 17.2% users, whereas preference of OPAC was higher among the professional group with 30% users. It was determined also that most of the users who used Internet were for information searching. For OPAC, they seemed more likely to use title search in searching library materials and they learned to use the OPAC by themselves. The usage of other EIRs were less popular with Electronic Journals (19.1%), Online databases (16.0%) and CD-ROMs (7.4%). It is recommended that PPLC must strive aggressively to promote the less popular EIRs that are provided but seldom used by the library users. PPLC also needs to improve its training programme in order to help users to enhance the use of EIRs.

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Chan, Kwai-fong Fion, and 陳桂芳. "Importance of strategic human resources management: a case study on an electronic toys company." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31268523.

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Chan, Kwai-fong Fion. "Importance of strategic human resources management : a case study on an electronic toys company /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19877390.

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Al-Abbasi, Mustafa M. "Academics' knowledge and use of electronic information resources (EIR) at the University of Bahrain." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2007. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7898.

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Electronic Information Resources (EIR) can be seen as invaluable teaching and research tools, which complement print-based resources and enhance the learning and research processes in any academic institution. The aims of this research were to investigate, analyse and discuss the use of and needs for EIR and existing training in promoting and enhancing the quality of teaching and research activities amongst academic staff at the University of Bahrain. Extensive quantitative, qualitative and theoretical methods were used to identify and analyse academic staff EIR skills, knowledge and awareness. The population of the study is made up of all the full-time faculty members working at the University of Bahrain. A total of 593 questionnaires were distributed and 466 completed ones were returned, giving an overall response rate of 78.5%, and these were used for the purpose of the study. The result of the study revealed that printed resources are the sources of information most used for teaching and research. The colleges of Law, Art and Education had the lowest percentages of usage of EIR compared with other colleges. Work overload, lack of awareness, low skill levels, slow servers, ineffective communication systems, language barriers and a preference for print resources were among the primary constraints that affected academic staff uptake and use of electronic resources in teaching and research. One-to-one training was the preferred training method for those academics wishing to enhance their EIR skills. It was recommended that there is a need for greater promotion from the upper level decision-makers at the university if they wish to see greater use of electronic resources in teaching and research. Strategic conceptual models designed to provide solutions to the current problems and to help in setting policies and decisions for the effective use of EIR in teaching and research are given.

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Batyuk, Liliya, Oksana Morozova, Hanna Chovpan, and Anna Borodkina. "Electronic education resources and them use in the training process in the Medical University." Thesis, Харківський національний медичний університет, 2017. http://repo.knmu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18697.

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Electronic educational resources allow solving the problem of increasing the effectiveness of teaching students in medical and biological physics and other disciplines, as well as the task of providing independent work for students. The advantages of using social networks in the learning process are obvious. A high level of interaction between the teacher and the student ensures the continuity of the learning process. Clear understanding of the ideology and interface of social networks for the most part of the Internet audience can save considerable time, bypassing the stage of students' adaptation to the new teacher. The ability to view the video and audio material in remote access mode, helps to better understand and assimilate the subject, allows you to review the material if it was not understood the first time. Lack of personal communication, allow you to build in the communicative space of a social network informal communication between the teacher and the student, regardless of the personal characteristics of the student or teacher.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Electronic resources'

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