Academic literature on the topic 'Electronic government'

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Journal articles on the topic "Electronic government"

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Al-Qirim, Nabeel A. "Electronic Government." Journal of Information Technology Research 2, no. 4 (October 2009): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitr.2009062904.

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This research is interested in unveiling the hype surrounding the Electronic Government (eGov) phenomenon and in shedding more light into the different issues surrounding its multifaceted perspectives. Unlike electronic commerce and the private sector, eGov sets at the heart of governmental services and represents a unique paradigm on its own with different constituents and objectives. The stakeholders involved in eGov are both diverse and heterogeneous—which makes the issue of eGov adoption and diffusion a challenging task for many countries. This research disentangles the issues impacting eGov highlighting different determinants and success factors. The research then depicts an agenda for eGov success at the national level.
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Becker, Jörg. "Electronic Government." Wirtschaftsinformatik 47, no. 5 (October 2005): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03251472.

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O. Al-Mobaideen, Hisham, Samer A. Al-Bashabsheh, Eman Basioni, and Abeer al-khawaldeh. "Electronic government services and benefits in Jordan." International Journal of Academic Research 5, no. 6 (December 10, 2013): 206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7813/2075-4124.2013/5-6/a.26.

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Hassan, H. S., and A. A. M. Abdelkader. "Egyptian Electronic Government." International Journal of Customer Relationship Marketing and Management 2, no. 4 (October 2011): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcrmm.2011100104.

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Many developing countries’ governments have invested heavily in increasing the number of e-government projects. However, there is a lack of clear case material, which describes the potentialities and consequence experienced by governments trying to manage with this change. The Ministry of State for Administrative Development (MSAD) is the organization responsible for the e-Government program in Egypt since early 2004. This paper presents the findings of the CRM case study, one of the e-service projects led by MSAD. Semi-structured interviews have been used as primary data collection techniques. The findings of the study reveal that the main driver to the success of the project is changing the organisational culture and thinking. It is noticed there is an influence of the project on citizens’ encouragement for public participation as it was able to increase their satisfaction levels. Also, the findings emphasised the problems that face the overall e-government program in Egypt. They also explain the relationships among those identified problems of governmental e-service development.
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Von Haldenwang, Christian. "Electronic Government (E-Government) and Development." European Journal of Development Research 16, no. 2 (January 1, 2004): 417–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0957881042000220886.

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Chen, Yining, H. M. Chen, Russell K. H. Ching, and Wayne W. Huang. "Electronic Government Implementation." International Journal of Electronic Government Research 3, no. 2 (April 2007): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jegr.2007040103.

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Santos, Ernani Marques dos, and Nicolau Reinhard. "Electronic Government Interoperability." Social Science Computer Review 30, no. 1 (February 2011): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894439310392196.

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Fredette, Kevin, and Ann W. Henriksson. "Electronic Government Information." College & Undergraduate Libraries 4, no. 2 (September 18, 1997): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j106v04n02_07.

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Al-Jenaibi, Badreya Nasser. "The New Electronic Government." International Journal of Knowledge Society Research 6, no. 3 (July 2015): 45–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijksr.2015070104.

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Nowadays, initiatives are taken and investments are made in supporting e-government across the world. These initiatives should achieve success to fulfill the outcomes that are desired. Efforts are made in capitalizing the technologies that will help the government to provide services to their citizens. The main objective of the paper is to explore the readiness of federal authority employees and their current skills, adoption, and knowledge about e-government. It is also investigates the new technologies and e-technologies in GCC and UAE. Therefore, it discusses and highlights this objective of using e-government by employees under several headings which include the growth of e-government in UAE and advantages of e-government in the society. This paper will also outline the need of e-government by the employees and citizens and how to make them better trust e-government. The researcher distributed 500 surveys and received 407 from most of the federal authorities in the UAE. The research concluded that the employees agree with benefits of e-government, do care about customers, and, together with high cooperation from the private sector, are prepared for adopting e-government. It was also found that the more challenging the e-government's cost and IT skill, the higher the challenges the organization will face in adopting e-government. At the present, one of the biggest challenges is designing solutions for e-government and evaluating initiatives conducted by the government.
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Halchin, L. Elaine. "Electronic government: Government capability and terrorist resource." Government Information Quarterly 21, no. 4 (January 2004): 406–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2004.08.002.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electronic government"

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Scheske, Michael. "Benchmarking Electronic Government : ein Selbstbewertungsmodell für kommunale Electronic Government-Aktivitäten ("eLoGoAssess")." Universität Potsdam, 2004. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1581/.

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Aus der Einleitung: In den letzten Jahren vollzieht sich ein gesellschaftlicher Wandlungsprozess von der Industrie- zur Informationsgesellschaft. Diese Entwicklung wird getragen vom zunehmenden Einsatz internetbasierter Informations- und Kommunikationstechnik (IuK). Mit Electronic Government (eGovernment) stößt auch die öffentliche Verwaltung die Tür zur Welt des Internets auf. Doch schon vor eGovernment hat der IuK -Einsatz im Rahmen der Verwaltungsinformatik eine lange Tradition. Der entscheidende Einschnitt folgte aber ab Mitte der 90er Jahre mit der Virtualisierung der Verwaltung: Von der Einbindung ins Internet, der Integration bestehender Systeme per Intranet bis hin zur Digitalisierung gesamter Verwaltungsabläufe. Doch lässt sich eGovernment nicht auf technische Anwendungen reduzieren. Vielmehr hat eGovernment erhebliche Potenziale zur Verwaltungsmodernisierung und rückt seit Ende der 90er Jahre in den Mittelpunkt der Diskussion um eine Verwa ltungsreform. Dabei baut eGovernment als parallele Entwicklungslinie auf einige Elemente des New Public Management (NPM) auf. Mit eGovernment verbindet sich die Hoffnung, den gewandelten Umfeldbedingungen und zunehmenden Anforderungen an die öffentliche Verwaltung hinsichtlich Effektivität, Effizienz, Kunden-, Qualitäts- und Wettbewerbsorientierung gerecht zu werden.
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Lee, Jong Hyeon. "Electronic government und Verwaltungsmodernisierung in Korea." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969288255.

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Cotterill, Sarah Helen. "Partnership working in local electronic government." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/206/.

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This research explores how English local authorities and their partners work together on electronic government. E-government is the use of computer technologies by government to transform the provision of services and information, improve internal organisation, encourage citizen participation and promote sharing between partners. In the UK and elsewhere there is increasing emphasis on public sector organisations working together in local partnerships. Partnerships can potentially encourage the delivery of joined-up services to citizens, promote democracy and improve public policy making, but partnership working is not always easy and can be challenging for the individuals and organisations involved. This thesis addresses the research question: "How can local authorities and their partners work together to successfully implement electronic government? " The research is based on a systematic literature review and comparative case studies of three sub-regional e-government partnerships, using a mixed methods approach. The literature review covers local governance, e-government, public sector partnerships, dissemination of best practice and social networks. In each case study social network data was collected from participants using a short questionnaire to ascertain who they dealt with in relation to e-government. This data was analysed using social network software and then used during qualitative interviews and workshops to generate discussion. A model of partnership effectiveness has been developed which identifies network structure, governance, maturity and context as four themes contributing to the success of local e-government partnerships. Network structure influences effectiveness in three ways: cohesion amongst the partners encourages organisational learning; a central core agency is important to ensure that partnership ideas reach fruition; opinion leaders come up with good ideas and can mobilise others. Governance includes the existence of a clear shared vision and strategy, the commitment of leaders, accountability and getting the right people involved. Maturity refers to a stable group of people from different perspectives working together over time, facing challenges and persevering. Councils with smaller populations have more to gain from partnership working because they lack the capacity to develop e-government solutions alone. The study contributes to academic research by developing a theoretical model of the factors contributing to effective e-government partnerships. This is the first study to examine how public organisations network together on e-government and the methodological approach is novel in research into UK local governance.
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Nontanakorn, Kritchakorn. "Electronic government: Reforming Thai government for ministry of interior of Thailand." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2454.

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The purpose of this project was to develop an E-government plan to achieve the Ministry of Interior of Thailand's objective to better serve its citizens in the next 5 years by utilizing and taking advantage of the use of information technology and communication networks.
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Hellberg, Ann-Sofie. "Governments in control? : the implications of governance and policy entrepreneurship in electronic government." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-43987.

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Brown, Whitney E. Ray Lana D. "Electronic reverse auctions in the federal government." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Dec%5FBrown%5FW%5FMBA.pdf.

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"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration from the Naval Postgraduate School, December 2007."
Advisor(s): Gates, William R. ; Coughlan, Peter J. "December 2007." "MBA professional report"--Cover. Description based on title screen as viewed on January 11, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-74). Also available in print.
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Fricke, Sigrun. "Datenschutz im electronic government eine kritische Analyse." Hamburg Diplomica-Verl, 2006. http://d-nb.info/986206598/04.

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Fricke, Sigrun. "Datenschutz im Electronic Government : eine kritische Analyse /." Hamburg : Diplomica Verl, 2007. http://d-nb.info/986206598/04.

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Brown, Whitney E., and Lana D. Ray. "Electronic reverse auctions in the federal government." Thesis, Monterey, California, Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/38037.

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MBA Professional Report
Aproved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
In light of the limited recognition of electronic reverse auctions (e-RA) in the acquisition field, the purpose of this research paper is to further the use of e-RAs throughout the federal government and the Department of Defense (D0D). By exploring a multitude of auction types and designs that have been or are currently being used in the private sector, these practices set a basis for researching the auction types being used in the public sector. This paper further explores the regulations guiding the use of e-RAs and investigates the federal government's application of reverse auctions through studies, reports, and interviews with users of e-RAs. Details as to what attributes are prevalent in these e-RAs, what features are best suited for e-RAs, and what benefits have been derived from the use of e-RAs in the federal government are also included. Finally, the researchers found that e-RAs have increased transparency, cost savings, and efficiencies in the acquisition process. Although reverse auctions are being used effectively, the researchers found that there are still opportunities for improvement including incorporating a fully functional best-value tool into e-RA technology and developing more thorough federal guidance on e-RAs as an alternative pricing method.
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Vellendorfová, Jana. "e-Government." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-16964.

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Although the e-Government was mentioned more frequently, especially because of data boxes, its origin dates back to 90th the 20th century. Then the first efforts to development of information systems began to connect various governmental offices. However, these efforts haven't been very successful. Subsequently, different e-Government services start developing and this is what the diploma thesis is about. First it outlines the progress of the e-Government. Then this thesis attempts to the e-Government services and also provides information about e-Government system in different countries. At the end there is described electronic data interchange, electronic invoicing and electronic archiving.
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Books on the topic "Electronic government"

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Scholl, Hans Jochen, J. Ramon Gil-Garcia, Marijn Janssen, Evangelos Kalampokis, Ida Lindgren, and Manuel Pedro Rodríguez Bolívar, eds. Electronic Government. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84789-0.

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Janssen, Marijn, Csaba Csáki, Ida Lindgren, Euripidis Loukis, Ulf Melin, Gabriela Viale Pereira, Manuel Pedro Rodríguez Bolívar, and Efthimios Tambouris, eds. Electronic Government. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15086-9.

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Wimmer, Maria A., Jean-Loup Chappelet, Marijn Janssen, and Hans J. Scholl, eds. Electronic Government. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14799-9.

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Lindgren, Ida, Marijn Janssen, Habin Lee, Andrea Polini, Manuel Pedro Rodríguez Bolívar, Hans Jochen Scholl, and Efthimios Tambouris, eds. Electronic Government. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27325-5.

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Scholl, Hans J., Marijn Janssen, Maria A. Wimmer, Carl Erik Moe, and Leif Skiftenes Flak, eds. Electronic Government. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33489-4.

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Traunmüller, Roland, and Klaus Lenk, eds. Electronic Government. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-46138-8.

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Parycek, Peter, Olivier Glassey, Marijn Janssen, Hans Jochen Scholl, Efthimios Tambouris, Evangelos Kalampokis, and Shefali Virkar, eds. Electronic Government. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98690-6.

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Wimmer, Maria A., Roland Traunmüller, Åke Grönlund, and Kim V. Andersen, eds. Electronic Government. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11545156.

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Wimmer, Maria A., Marijn Janssen, and Hans J. Scholl, eds. Electronic Government. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40358-3.

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Scholl, Hans Jochen, Olivier Glassey, Marijn Janssen, Bram Klievink, Ida Lindgren, Peter Parycek, Efthimios Tambouris, Maria A. Wimmer, Tomasz Janowski, and Delfina Sá Soares, eds. Electronic Government. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44421-5.

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Book chapters on the topic "Electronic government"

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Lenk, Klaus. "Electronic Government." In Informatik aktuell, 469–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58322-3_37.

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Mehlich, Harald. "Einleitung." In Electronic Government, 1–14. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87000-1_1.

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Mehlich, Harald. "eGovernment und New Public Management." In Electronic Government, 15–22. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87000-1_2.

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Mehlich, Harald. "Erklärungsansätze." In Electronic Government, 23–32. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87000-1_3.

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Mehlich, Harald. "Basistechnologien und Rahmenbedingungen." In Electronic Government, 33–62. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87000-1_4.

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Mehlich, Harald. "Anwendungsebenen." In Electronic Government, 63–149. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87000-1_5.

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Mehlich, Harald. "Grundlagen fortgeschrittenen eGovernments." In Electronic Government, 150–262. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87000-1_6.

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Mehlich, Harald. "eGovernment-Schwerpunkte und Projektbeispiele." In Electronic Government, 263–85. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87000-1_7.

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Mehlich, Harald. "Weiterführende Perspektiven." In Electronic Government, 286–310. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87000-1_8.

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Bronsgeest, Wouter, Rex Arendsen, and Jan van Dijk. "Towards Participatory E-Government?: Learning from E-Government Project Evaluations." In Electronic Participation, 127–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64322-9_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Electronic government"

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Azenabor, Cyril E., and Charles A. Shoniregun. "Electronic government paradigm." In 2008 Third International Conference on Digital Information Management (ICDIM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdim.2008.4746760.

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Adni, Dita Fisdian. "Bureaucratic Reforms in Administering Government Based Electronic Government." In International Conference on Democracy, Accountability and Governance (ICODAG 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icodag-17.2017.41.

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Tong Dezhi, Tong Yuping, and Mu Shuo. "Government Innovation Based on Electronic Government: Government Process Reengineering as the Case." In 2010 2nd International Symposium on Information Engineering and Electronic Commerce (IEEC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieec.2010.5533304.

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Zhang, Ning, and Xiaowei Hou. "Government Process Management under electronic government and its application." In 2011 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebeg.2011.5881951.

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Harris, Steve, Jeremy Gibbons, Jim Davies, Andrew Tsui, and Charles Crichton. "Semantic technologies in electronic government." In the 2nd International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1509096.1509108.

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Al-Qirim, Nabeel A. "Electronic Government Issues and Implications." In 2008 International Conference on Innovations in Information Technology (IIT). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/innovations.2008.4781691.

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Winn, Jane K. "Regulating electronic communications with government." In the 5th international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/948005.948054.

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Posselt, Katja. "Electronic Government and Process Management." In CEEeGov '22: Central and Eastern European eDem and eGov Days. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3551504.3551559.

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Zulkifli, Zarina. "Electronic Government Application And Trust Towards Government Administration: A Review." In AIMC 2018 - Asia International Multidisciplinary Conference. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.05.02.48.

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Scholl, Hans (Jochen), and Lemuria Carter. "Introduction to the Electronic Government Track." In Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2018.276.

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Reports on the topic "Electronic government"

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Klochko, E. N., T. M. Ilyushchenko, and Yu О. Meshkova. THE UNIVERSAL ELECTRONIC CARD AS THE INSTRUMENT OF MANAGEMENT OF INTERACTION WITHIN THE ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT. ООО «Электронные издательские технологии», 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/2015-11-003.

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ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA. Best Manufacturing Practices: Report of Survey Conducted at Lockheed Martin Government Electronic Systems, Moorestown, NJ. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada390569.

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Creedon, M. A. DoD Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) Convention: ASC X12 Transaction Set 858 Freight Government Bill of Lading Shipment Information (Version 003010). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada264646.

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Triakina, Olga O., Olena O. Pavlenko, Nataliia P. Volkova, and Darja Kassim. Usage of E-learning Tools in Self-education of Government Officers Involved in Global Trade Activities. [б. в.], November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/2670.

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The article concerns the issue of e-learning tools implementation, including the Customs Learning and Knowledge Community electronic platform designed by the World Customs Organization and the Trade Facilitation Implementation Guide case studies collected by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, into the self-education process of current government employees (within in-service training) and future public officers (within master’s programs) connected with international trade transactions. The authors give a description of the content and characteristical features of existing e-learning instruments related to training of professionals in Customs and trade fields as well as of certain tasks developed by the authors. The efficiency of the abovementioned e-learning tools has been experimentally proved in the paper, which has shown that these tools promote the growth of the professional competence of government officers and give a great opportunity for them to be involved in life-long learning to acquire various professional knowledge and skills.
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Avis, William. Responsible E-Waste Value Chains in Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.015.

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Population growth, increasing prosperity and changing consumer habits globally are increasing demand for consumer electronics. Further to this, rapid changes in technology, falling prices, increased affordability and consumer appetite for new products have exacerbated e-waste management challenges and seen millions of tons of electronic devices become obsolete. This rapid literature review collates evidence from academic, policy focussed and grey literature on e-waste value chains. The report should be read I conjunction with an earlier report on e-waste management. E-waste is any electrical or electronic equipment, including all components, subassemblies and consumables, which are part of the equipment at the time the equipment becomes waste. When e-waste is collected and treated formally, it normally includes the following steps: Collection, Sorting and disassembly, Size reduction, Separation. The following five pillars of a sustainable e-waste management system have been identified: • Business and finance • Policy and regulation • Technology and skills • Monitoring and control • Marketing and awareness As such, to support the development of a responsible e-waste value chain, the following elements must be addressed. • Understanding how e-waste is currently managed • There is no one-size-fits all solution to building a robust e-waste management system based on extended producer responsibility. • An e-waste system built without a participatory approach is likely to be hampered by a series of issues. • An overarching policy is necessary • The choices made for the sector should be founded on two crucial elements – data from on the ground, and inputs from stakeholders. • Enforcement is incumbent on the government mandate The push towards a circular economy has provided stakeholders across the value chain with an impetus to initiate systemic improvements and invest in infrastructure and awareness raising.
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Avis, William. Drivers, Barriers and Opportunities of E-waste Management in Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.016.

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Population growth, increasing prosperity and changing consumer habits globally are increasing demand for consumer electronics. Further to this, rapid changes in technology, falling prices and consumer appetite for better products have exacerbated e-waste management challenges and seen millions of tons of electronic devices become obsolete. This rapid literature review collates evidence from academic, policy focussed and grey literature on e-waste management in Africa. This report provides an overview of constitutes e-waste, the environmental and health impacts of e-waste, of the barriers to effective e-waste management, the opportunities associated with effective e-waste management and of the limited literature available that estimate future volumes of e-waste. Africa generated a total of 2.9 million Mt of e-waste, or 2.5 kg per capita, the lowest regional rate in the world. Africa’s e-waste is the product of Local and imported Sources of Used Electronic and Electrical Equipment (UEEE). Challenges in e-waste management in Africa are exacerbated by a lack of awareness, environmental legislation and limited financial resources. Proper disposal of e-waste requires training and investment in recycling and management technology as improper processing can have severe environmental and health effects. In Africa, thirteen countries have been identified as having a national e-waste legislation/policy.. The main barriers to effective e-waste management include: Insufficient legislative frameworks and government agencies’ lack of capacity to enforce regulations, Infrastructure, Operating standards and transparency, illegal imports, Security, Data gaps, Trust, Informality and Costs. Aspirations associated with energy transition and net zero are laudable, products associated with these goals can become major contributors to the e-waste challenge. The necessary wind turbines, solar panels, electric car batteries, and other "green" technologies require vast amounts of resources. Further to this, at the end of their lifetime, they can pose environmental hazards. An example of e-waste associated with energy transitions can be gleaned from the solar power sector. Different types of solar power cells need to undergo different treatments (mechanical, thermal, chemical) depending on type to recover the valuable metals contained. Similar issues apply to waste associated with other energy transition technologies. Although e-waste contains toxic and hazardous metals such as barium and mercury among others, it also contains non-ferrous metals such as copper, aluminium and precious metals such as gold and copper, which if recycled could have a value exceeding 55 billion euros. There thus exists an opportunity to convert existing e-waste challenges into an economic opportunity.
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7

Lazonick, William, Philip Moss, and Joshua Weitz. The Unmaking of the Black Blue-Collar Middle Class. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp159.

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In the decade after the Civil Rights Act of 1964, African Americans made historic gains in accessing employment opportunities in racially integrated workplaces in U.S. business firms and government agencies. In the previous working papers in this series, we have shown that in the 1960s and 1970s, Blacks without college degrees were gaining access to the American middle class by moving into well-paid unionized jobs in capital-intensive mass production industries. At that time, major U.S. companies paid these blue-collar workers middle-class wages, offered stable employment, and provided employees with health and retirement benefits. Of particular importance to Blacks was the opening up to them of unionized semiskilled operative and skilled craft jobs, for which in a number of industries, and particularly those in the automobile and electronic manufacturing sectors, there was strong demand. In addition, by the end of the 1970s, buoyed by affirmative action and the growth of public-service employment, Blacks were experiencing upward mobility through employment in government agencies at local, state, and federal levels as well as in civil-society organizations, largely funded by government, to operate social and community development programs aimed at urban areas where Blacks lived. By the end of the 1970s, there was an emergent blue-collar Black middle class in the United States. Most of these workers had no more than high-school educations but had sufficient earnings and benefits to provide their families with economic security, including realistic expectations that their children would have the opportunity to move up the economic ladder to join the ranks of the college-educated white-collar middle class. That is what had happened for whites in the post-World War II decades, and given the momentum provided by the dominant position of the United States in global manufacturing and the nation’s equal employment opportunity legislation, there was every reason to believe that Blacks would experience intergenerational upward mobility along a similar education-and-employment career path. That did not happen. Overall, the 1980s and 1990s were decades of economic growth in the United States. For the emerging blue-collar Black middle class, however, the experience was of job loss, economic insecurity, and downward mobility. As the twentieth century ended and the twenty-first century began, moreover, it became apparent that this downward spiral was not confined to Blacks. Whites with only high-school educations also saw their blue-collar employment opportunities disappear, accompanied by lower wages, fewer benefits, and less security for those who continued to find employment in these jobs. The distress experienced by white Americans with the decline of the blue-collar middle class follows the downward trajectory that has adversely affected the socioeconomic positions of the much more vulnerable blue-collar Black middle class from the early 1980s. In this paper, we document when, how, and why the unmaking of the blue-collar Black middle class occurred and intergenerational upward mobility of Blacks to the college-educated middle class was stifled. We focus on blue-collar layoffs and manufacturing-plant closings in an important sector for Black employment, the automobile industry from the early 1980s. We then document the adverse impact on Blacks that has occurred in government-sector employment in a financialized economy in which the dominant ideology is that concentration of income among the richest households promotes productive investment, with government spending only impeding that objective. Reduction of taxes primarily on the wealthy and the corporate sector, the ascendancy of political and economic beliefs that celebrate the efficiency and dynamism of “free market” business enterprise, and the denigration of the idea that government can solve social problems all combined to shrink government budgets, diminish regulatory enforcement, and scuttle initiatives that previously provided greater opportunity for African Americans in the government and civil-society sectors.
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8

Sheridan, Anne. Annual report on migration and asylum 2016: Ireland. ESRI, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/sustat65.

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The Annual Report on Migration and Asylum 2016 provides an overview of trends, policy developments and significant debates in the area of asylum and migration during 2016 in Ireland. Some important developments in 2016 included: The International Protection Act 2015 was commenced throughout 2016. The single application procedure under the Act came into operation from 31 December 2016. The International Protection Office (IPO) replaced the Office of the Refugee Applications Commissioner (ORAC) from 31 December 2016. The first instance appeals body, the International Protection Appeals Tribunal (IPAT), replacing the Refugee Appeals Tribunal (RAT), was established on 31 December 2016. An online appointments system for all registrations at the Registration Office in Dublin was introduced. An electronic Employment Permits Online System (EPOS) was introduced. The Irish Short Stay Visa Waiver Programme was extended for a further five years to October 2021. The Second National Action Plan to Prevent and Combat Human Trafficking was published. 2016 was the first full year of implementation of the Irish Refugee Protection Programme (IRPP). A total of 240 persons were relocated to Ireland from Greece under the relocation strand of the programme and 356 persons were resettled to Ireland. Following an Oireachtas motion, the Government agreed to allocate up to 200 places to unaccompanied minors who had been living in the former migrant camp in Calais and who expressed a wish to come to Ireland. This figure is included in the overall total under the IRPP. Ireland and Jordan were appointed as co-facilitators in February 2016 to conduct preparatory negotiations for the UN high level Summit for Refugees and Migrants. The New York Declaration, of September 2016, sets out plans to start negotiations for a global compact for safe, orderly and regular migration and a global compact for refugees to be adopted in 2018. Key figures for 2016: There were approximately 115,000 non-EEA nationals with permission to remain in Ireland in 2016 compared to 114,000 at the end of 2015. Net inward migration for non-EU nationals is estimated to be 15,700. The number of newly arriving immigrants increased year-on-year to 84,600 at April 2017 from 82,300 at end April 2016. Non-EU nationals represented 34.8 per cent of this total at end April 2017. A total of 104,572 visas, both long stay and short stay, were issued in 2016. Approximately 4,127 persons were refused entry to Ireland at the external borders. Of these, 396 were subsequently admitted to pursue a protection application. 428 persons were returned from Ireland as part of forced return measures, with 187 availing of voluntary return, of which 143 were assisted by the International Organization for Migration Assisted Voluntary Return Programme. There were 532 permissions of leave to remain granted under section 3 of the Immigration Act 1999 during 2016. A total of 2,244 applications for refugee status were received in 2016, a drop of 32 per cent from 2015 (3,276). 641 subsidiary protection cases were processed and 431 new applications for subsidiary protection were submitted. 358 applications for family reunification in respect of recognised refugees were received. A total of 95 alleged trafficking victims were identified, compared with 78 in 2015.
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9

Smit, Amelia, Kate Dunlop, Nehal Singh, Diona Damian, Kylie Vuong, and Anne Cust. Primary prevention of skin cancer in primary care settings. The Sax Institute, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/qpsm1481.

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Overview Skin cancer prevention is a component of the new Cancer Plan 2022–27, which guides the work of the Cancer Institute NSW. To lessen the impact of skin cancer on the community, the Cancer Institute NSW works closely with the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Advisory Committee, comprising governmental and non-governmental organisation representatives, to develop and implement the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy. Primary Health Networks and primary care providers are seen as important stakeholders in this work. To guide improvements in skin cancer prevention and inform the development of the next NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy, an up-to-date review of the evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care is required. A research team led by the Daffodil Centre, a joint venture between the University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW, was contracted to undertake an Evidence Check review to address the questions below. Evidence Check questions This Evidence Check aimed to address the following questions: Question 1: What skin cancer primary prevention activities can be effectively administered in primary care settings? As part of this, identify the key components of such messages, strategies, programs or initiatives that have been effectively implemented and their feasibility in the NSW/Australian context. Question 2: What are the main barriers and enablers for primary care providers in delivering skin cancer primary prevention activities within their setting? Summary of methods The research team conducted a detailed analysis of the published and grey literature, based on a comprehensive search. We developed the search strategy in consultation with a medical librarian at the University of Sydney and the Cancer Institute NSW team, and implemented it across the databases Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, Cochrane Central and CINAHL. Results were exported and uploaded to Covidence for screening and further selection. The search strategy was designed according to the SPIDER tool for Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Evidence Synthesis, which is a systematic strategy for searching qualitative and mixed-methods research studies. The SPIDER tool facilitates rigour in research by defining key elements of non-quantitative research questions. We included peer-reviewed and grey literature that included skin cancer primary prevention strategies/ interventions/ techniques/ programs within primary care settings, e.g. involving general practitioners and primary care nurses. The literature was limited to publications since 2014, and for studies or programs conducted in Australia, the UK, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, Western Europe and Scandinavia. We also included relevant systematic reviews and evidence syntheses based on a range of international evidence where also relevant to the Australian context. To address Question 1, about the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings from the Evidence Check according to different skin cancer prevention activities. To address Question 2, about the barriers and enablers of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The CFIR is a framework for identifying important implementation considerations for novel interventions in healthcare settings and provides a practical guide for systematically assessing potential barriers and facilitators in preparation for implementing a new activity or program. We assessed study quality using the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) levels of evidence. Key findings We identified 25 peer-reviewed journal articles that met the eligibility criteria and we included these in the Evidence Check. Eight of the studies were conducted in Australia, six in the UK, and the others elsewhere (mainly other European countries). In addition, the grey literature search identified four relevant guidelines, 12 education/training resources, two Cancer Care pathways, two position statements, three reports and five other resources that we included in the Evidence Check. Question 1 (related to effectiveness) We categorised the studies into different types of skin cancer prevention activities: behavioural counselling (n=3); risk assessment and delivering risk-tailored information (n=10); new technologies for early detection and accompanying prevention advice (n=4); and education and training programs for general practitioners (GPs) and primary care nurses regarding skin cancer prevention (n=3). There was good evidence that behavioural counselling interventions can result in a small improvement in sun protection behaviours among adults with fair skin types (defined as ivory or pale skin, light hair and eye colour, freckles, or those who sunburn easily), which would include the majority of Australians. It was found that clinicians play an important role in counselling patients about sun-protective behaviours, and recommended tailoring messages to the age and demographics of target groups (e.g. high-risk groups) to have maximal influence on behaviours. Several web-based melanoma risk prediction tools are now available in Australia, mainly designed for health professionals to identify patients’ risk of a new or subsequent primary melanoma and guide discussions with patients about primary prevention and early detection. Intervention studies have demonstrated that use of these melanoma risk prediction tools is feasible and acceptable to participants in primary care settings, and there is some evidence, including from Australian studies, that using these risk prediction tools to tailor primary prevention and early detection messages can improve sun-related behaviours. Some studies examined novel technologies, such as apps, to support early detection through skin examinations, including a very limited focus on the provision of preventive advice. These novel technologies are still largely in the research domain rather than recommended for routine use but provide a potential future opportunity to incorporate more primary prevention tailored advice. There are a number of online short courses available for primary healthcare professionals specifically focusing on skin cancer prevention. Most education and training programs for GPs and primary care nurses in the field of skin cancer focus on treatment and early detection, though some programs have specifically incorporated primary prevention education and training. A notable example is the Dermoscopy for Victorian General Practice Program, in which 93% of participating GPs reported that they had increased preventive information provided to high-risk patients and during skin examinations. Question 2 (related to barriers and enablers) Key enablers of performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Easy access and availability of guidelines and point-of-care tools and resources • A fit with existing workflows and systems, so there is minimal disruption to flow of care • Easy-to-understand patient information • Using the waiting room for collection of risk assessment information on an electronic device such as an iPad/tablet where possible • Pairing with early detection activities • Sharing of successful programs across jurisdictions. Key barriers to performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Unclear requirements and lack of confidence (self-efficacy) about prevention counselling • Limited availability of GP services especially in regional and remote areas • Competing demands, low priority, lack of time • Lack of incentives.
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10

National Single Window: Guidance Note. Asian Development Bank, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/tim220175-2.

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This note provides information on planning and implementing electronic national single window systems to support efficient compliance with international trade regulations. A national single window enables trade and transport stakeholders to provide information to multiple government agencies through one platform to meet import, export, and transit requirements efficiently. Processing international trade through a single window reduces cargo release time and the cost of doing business, increases competitiveness and efficiency, and improves the way business is done. The guidance note explores why such a system matters, key governance and design components, international interoperability, good practices, and risk mitigation.
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