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Academic literature on the topic 'Electromyographie Haute Densité'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Electromyographie Haute Densité"
Dogadov, Anton. "Séparation des signaux de deux extenseurs des doigts à partir d'électromyogrammes de surface haute densité et modélisation biomécanique du mécanisme extenseur." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAS034/document.
Full textThe surface electromyographic signals (SEMG) are the electric signals, composed of electric potentials. These potentials are produced by the recruited motor units of an active muscle and captured by the surface electrodes. The SEMG signals are widely used in medicine, prosthesis control and biomechanical studies as an indicator of muscle activity.However, SEMG measurements are usually subjects of crosstalk or interference from nearby muscles. It appears when two or more muscles situated close to each other are active during a SEMG recording. An example of such muscles are the extensors of index and little finger, extensor indicis and extensor digiti minimi, situated close to each other and creating a significant amount of mutual crosstalk when simultaneously active. The crosstalk causes precision decrease of SEMG-based estimation of muscle activations. Hence, the crosstalk-reducing problem must be preliminary solved before muscle activation evaluation.Once the activations of individual muscles are estimated from the mixture, they may be used as an input of a finger biomechanical model to calculate a fingertip force. These models usually contain an extensor mechanism of the finger, which is a structure, transmitting the force from the extensor muscles to the finger joints. This structure is often taken into account as a set of coefficients. However, there is a lack of study about how these coefficients vary with posture, applied force, and subject variability.The purpose of this work is to improve the finger force estimation from the crosstalk-contaminated signals for isometric tasks by extracting the activations of individual muscles and improving the finger biomechanical model.Firstly, the SEMG signals were recorded with high-density surface electromyographic (HD-EMG) electrode matrix. The extraction was based on classifying the detected potentials according their propagation direction and depth of originating motor unit.Secondly, a precise biomechanical model of the finger extensor mechanism was created, containing the principal tendons and ligaments. The algorithm of the model parametrization was proposed as well.The proposed methods of muscle activation estimation along with the created extensor mechanism model may be used for calculating the fingertip force and internal tissues deformations for normal or pathological fingers
Robinault, Lucien. "Non-specific Low back pain : Exploratory analysis and clustering for a new paradigm." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPHF0007.
Full textNon-specific low back pain (NSLBP) is a major public health issue and is a concern in most if not all contemporary societies. Despite NSLBP being so widespread, our understanding of its underlying causes, as well as our capacity to provide effective treatments, remains limited due to the high diversity in the population that does not respond to generic treatments. Clustering the NSLBP population based on shared characteristics offers a potential solution for developing personalized interventions. However, the complexity of NSLBP and the reliance on subjective categorical data in previous attempts present challenges in achieving reliable and clinically meaningful clusters. This work features to goals : 1. First objective : Provide an exploratory work to better understand the influence and importance of the selected variables in regards to NSLBP and our sample population, and gather information to prepare subgrouping2. Second objective : Provide an attempt at clustering our population sample in order to discriminate valuables subgroups Data were acquired from 46 subjects who performed six simple movement tasks (back extension, back flexion, lateral trunk flexion right, lateral trunk flexion left, trunk rotation right, and trunk rotation left) at two different s peeds (maximum and preferred). High-density electromyography (HD EMG) data from the lower back region were acquired, jointly with motion capture data, using passive reflective markers on the subject’s body and clusters of markers on the subject’s spine. An exploratory analysis was conducted using a deep neural network and factor analysis. Based on selected variables, various models were trained to classify individuals as healthy or having NSLBP in order to assess the importance of different variables. The models were trained using different set of data : full data set, anthropometric data set, biomechanical data set, neuromuscular data set, and balance and proprioception data set. The models achieved high accuracy in categorizing individuals as healthy or NSLBP. Factor analysis revealed that individuals with NSLBP exhibited different movement patterns to healthy individuals, characterized by slower and more rigid movements. Anthropometric variables (age, sex, and BMI) were significantly correlated with NSLBP components. Clustering was attempted on our full data set, and reduced data set, using PCA or the insights gather in the exploratory analysis part. The data set were either movement agnostic or movement specific. Results s howed v iable c lustering using spectral algorithm, with the RBF kernel and the discretize label assignment’s algorithm, expressing a spectrum of low back pain as did similar work before. The data set used was the full data set with spine cluster of marker data, after dimension reduction using principal component analysis. In conclusion, different data types, such as body measurements, movement patterns, and neuromuscular activity, can provide valuable information for identifying individuals with NSLBP. To gain a comprehensive understanding of NSLBP, it is crucial to investigate the main domains influencing its prognosis as a cohesive unit rather than studying them in isolation. Simplifying the conditions for acquiring dynamic data is recommended to reduce data complexity, and using back flexion and trunk rotation as effective options should be further explored. The importance and probable usefulness of meta data, such as anthropometric data for the biophysical domain, was also noted. In the light of those results, we formulated the following new paradigm hypothesis : low back pain yields adaptations common to every subject, but due to inter-subject differences in the 5 main domains known to have a major influence on low back pain prognosis (biophysical, comorbidities, social, psychological and genetic) those adaptations are expressed in very unique way for each subject
Imrani, Sallak Loubna. "Evaluation of muscle aging using high density surface electromyography." Thesis, Compiègne, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COMP2647.
Full textWith the aging of the population, preserving muscle function is important to prevent loss of mobility and autonomy. Nowadays, the prevention of the muscle disease, sarcopenia, is a major concern and important risk factors such as older age as well as modifiable factors including low physical activity and unhealthy diet have been identified. Considering the growth of older populations and the decreased physical activity, which also includes young citizens, muscle quality awareness can be crucial in promoting a healthy aging process in our societies. Muscle functional assessments needs were expressed by researchers and clinicians, The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) recommends defining sarcopenia as the presence of both low muscle mass and low muscle function (strength, and physical performance). For this purpose, we have developed a method for muscle aging evaluation, using an ambulatory and non-invasive technology, called high-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG), through a clinical research project on five age categories (25 to 74 yrs.). We performed a comparative study with a complete and multimodal analysis of the rectus femoris, muscle involved in daily life motions, in order to reveal the promising potential of the HD-sEMG technique, compared to conventional clinical techniques, to detect early changes in the quality of muscle function impacted by aging and physical activity level. The clinical part of this thesis project was funded by a European grant, EITH Health. By analyzing both muscle contraction dynamics and intensity of the rectus femoris, our results showed that the HD-sEMG technique, was able to discriminate between the five age categories of healthy physically active subjects. More interestingly, the proposed HD-sEMG scores discriminated between active and sedentary participants, from the same age category(45-54 yrs.), in contrary to clinical parameters and others usual techniques (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, DXA and ultrasonography). In addition, these scores for sedentary participants from this age category were significantly closer to those of active participants from higher age categories (55-64 yrs. and 65-74 yrs.). This strongly suggests that sedentary lifestyle seems to accelerate the muscle aging process at both anatomical and functional level, and this subtle accelerated process can be detected by the HD-sEMG technique. These promising preliminary results can contribute to the development of an interesting tool for clinicians to improve both accuracy and sensitivity of functional muscle evaluation useful for prevention and rehabilitation to avoid the effects of unhealthy lifestyle that can potentially lead to sarcopenia. This can support also the actual public health concern alerted by Word Health Organization (WHO) regarding aging and sarcopenia, to promote healthy aging
Berro, Soumaya. "Identification of muscle activation schemes by inverse methods applied on HD-sEMG signals." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COMP2708.
Full textFast or real-time identification of the spatiotemporal activation of Motor Units (MUs), functional units of the neuromuscular system, is fundamental in applications as prosthetic control and rehabilitation guidance but often dictates expensive computational times. Therefore, the thesis work was devoted to providing an algorithm that enables the real-time identification of MU spatial and temporal activation strategies by applying inverse methods on HD-sEMG (high-density surface electromyogram) signals from a grid placed over the Biceps Brachii (BB). For this purpose, we propose an innovative approach, that involves the use of the classical minimum norm inverse method and a 3D fitting curve interpolation, namely CFB-MNE approach. This method, based on inverse identification (minimum norm estimation) coupled to simulated motor unit action potential (MUAP) dictionary from a recent model and tested on simulations, allowed the real time localization of simulated individual motor units. A robustness analysis (anatomical, physiological, and instrumental modifications) was then performed to verify the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Finally, the proposed algorithm was tested on MUs with realistic recruitment patterns giving promising results in both spatial and temporal identification. To conclude, a door to future perspectives was opened, according to the obtained promising results, suggesting the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) to further boost the performance of the proposed algorithm
Abboud, Jacques. "Adaptations neuromusculaires du tronc dans différents contextes de perturbations mécaniques et physiologiques." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21833.
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