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Journal articles on the topic 'Electromagnetic radiation-reaction'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Stupakov, G. "Electromagnetic Radiation in Accelerator Physics." Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology 03, no. 01 (January 2010): 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179362681000035x.

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This article reviews some fundamental concepts and presents several recent techniques used for calculation of radiation in various environments. They include properties of longitudinal and transverse formation lengths of radiation, usage of the parabolic equation and the Kirchhoff diffraction integral in radiation, coherent radiation and fluctuations in the beam, and the radiative reaction force resulting from coherent radiation.

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2

Burton, David A., and Adam Noble. "Aspects of electromagnetic radiation reaction in strong fields." Contemporary Physics 55, no. 2 (February 14, 2014): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00107514.2014.886840.

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3

Unruh, W. "Radiation reaction fields for an accelerated dipole for scalar and electromagnetic radiation." Physical Review A 59, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.59.131.

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4

Reddy, V. Veera, S. Gutti, and A. Haque. "Radiation reaction in a Lorentz-violating modified Maxwell theory." Modern Physics Letters A 33, no. 27 (September 2, 2018): 1830010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732318300100.

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We study the radiation reaction in Lorentz-violating electrodynamics [D. Colladay and V. Alan Kostelecky, Phys. Rev. D 58, 116002 (1998)]. We explore the possible modification whatsoever present in the radiation reaction force experienced by an accelerating charge in the modified Maxwell theory. However, it turns out that radiation reaction receives no change due to Lorentz violation, whereas electromagnetic mass manifests anisotropy.

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5

Pétri, J. "Particle acceleration and radiation reaction in strong spherical electromagnetic waves." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 503, no. 2 (March 4, 2021): 2123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab615.

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ABSTRACT Strongly magnetized and fast-rotating neutron stars are known to be efficient particle accelerators within their magnetosphere and wind. They are suspected to accelerate leptons, protons, and maybe ions to extreme relativistic regimes where the radiation reaction significantly feeds back to their motion. In the vicinity of neutron stars, magnetic field strengths are close to the critical value of Bc ∼ 4.4 · 109 T and particle Lorentz factors of the order γ ∼ 109 are expected. In this paper, we investigate the acceleration and radiation reaction feedback in the pulsar wind zone where a large-amplitude low-frequency electromagnetic wave is launched starting from the light cylinder. We design a semi-analytical code solving exactly the particle equation of motion including radiation reaction in the Landau–Lifshits approximation for a null-like electromagnetic wave of arbitrary strength parameter and elliptical polarization. Under conventional pulsar conditions, asymptotic Lorentz factor as high as 108−109 is reached at large distances from the neutron star. However, we demonstrate that in the wind zone, within the spherical wave approximation, radiation reaction feedback remains negligible.

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6

Kakhkharovich, Kakhkharov Siddiq. "Chemical Effects of Light and Photography." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): 1857–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39667.

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Abstract: This article discusses the chemical and biological effects of light and photography. Light is a form of energy known as electromagnetic radiation, and its expression at wavelengths and the unit of measurement, nanometer, is considered a separate characteristic. It ranges from very short wavelength to long wavelength radiation. Visible (normal / sunlight) light is the band of radiation that our eyes can see. Under the influence of light, the following processes can occur: the attachment of atoms to molecules, dissociation, photochemical reaction, synthesis reaction. This article discusses light and its chemical effects, as well as photography. Keywords: Photosynthesis. Photography, electromagnetic radiation, synthesis, photography, xerography, photography, photochemistry, eosin, erythrosine, methylene film.

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7

WHITING, BERNARD F., and STEVEN DETWEILER. "RADIATION REACTION AND THE PRINCIPLE OF EQUIVALENCE." International Journal of Modern Physics D 12, no. 09 (October 2003): 1709–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271803004109.

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The principle of equivalence is shown to extend to situations involving radiation reaction. For example, the Lorentz force law governs the motion of an isolated charge undergoing radiation reaction. In the case of an isolated uncharged particle of small mass, it is the geodesic equation which governs the motion, even when radiation reaction is included. For a local observer to understand such motion he must subtract the singular field of the particle from the actual electromagnetic and gravitational fields he measures. The remaining source-free fields are then used in computing the motion of the particle. With only local measurements, the observer has no knowledge of the existence of radiation and sees no effect which he would be compelled to describe as radiation reaction.

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8

Павлов, Г. А. "Нелинейное взаимодействие электромагнитных волн в плотной плазме." Письма в журнал технической физики 46, no. 8 (2020): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pjtf.2020.08.49311.18143.

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Nonlinear phenomena caused by the quadratic interaction of electromagnetic waves in a dense charged medium (Coulomb systems, plasma) are considered: parametric generation and generation of the second harmonic of electromagnetic radiation. To determine the quadratic reaction functions describing the interaction of electromagnetic waves in the medium, an approach based on the use of explicit approximations for reaction functions with fitting parameters is applied. Parameters are found from the exact frequency moments of the reaction functions. Using data on reaction functions, the conditions for the experimental implementation of these phenomena in a laboratory dense plasma in a constant magnetic field were evaluated.

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9

Dehghani, Mohsen. "Electromagnetic Radiation Reaction and Stability of the Hydrogen-Like Atoms." Journal of Modern Physics 02, no. 11 (2011): 1415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2011.211174.

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10

Usanov, D. A., and A. P. Rytik. "Effect of electromagnetic radiation on the Belousov-Zhabotinsky oscillating reaction." Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A 87, no. 5 (April 18, 2013): 872–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036024413050282.

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11

Matolcsi, T., T. Fülöp, and M. Weiner. "Second-order equation of motion for electromagnetic radiation back-reaction." Modern Physics Letters A 32, no. 27 (August 24, 2017): 1750147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732317501474.

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We take the viewpoint that the physically acceptable solutions of the Lorentz–Dirac equation for radiation back-reaction are actually determined by a second-order equation of motion, the self-force being given as a function of spacetime location and velocity. We propose three different methods to obtain this self-force function. For two example systems, we determine the second-order equation of motion exactly in the non-relativistic regime via each of these three methods, leading to the same result. We reveal that, for both systems considered, back-reaction induces a damping proportional to velocity and, in addition, it decreases the effect of the external force.

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12

Mamchits, L. P., and S. V. Klimovich. "QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF INFLUENCE OF LOW-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ON PRENOSOLOGICAL STATUS OF STUDENTS." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 4 (December 28, 2010): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2010-7-4-27.

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This paper is dedicated to the study of prenosological status of students under influence of low-frequency electromagnetic radiation. The hygienic description of main external and internal sources of low-frequency electromagnetic fields has been given; subjective reaction of organism to low-frequency electromagnetic fields in real living conditions with the use of physiological and hygienic research methods has been studied.

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13

Bazhinov, Oleksiy, and Mikhail Kravtsov. "Electromagnetic radiation of hybrid vehicles." Vehicle and electronics. Innovative technologies, no. 21 (June 29, 2022): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/veit.2022.21.0.04.

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Problem. As a result of automobile traffic every year 20-30% of the territory of cities are subject to electromagnetic pollution in cities and settlements. This is due to the increase in power and number of electrical equipment of each individual car. The urgency of the problem of electromagnetic pollution is an important step in determining the impact of electromagnetic radiation on humans in the rapid development of hybrid cars. Goal. The aim of this work is to determine the effect of electromagnetic radiation on humans in the conditions of rapid development of hybrid cars. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: review anthropogenic electromagnetic fields; find the elements of the electromagnetic field in a hybrid car; consider the most common methods of protection against electromagnetic fields. Methodology. The article presents a general classification of electromagnetic radiation to humans arising in hybrid vehicles. It is extremely important to reveal the phenomena occurring in hybrid cars in the research work to find the truth and the processes of occurrence of electromagnetic radiation. This issue is given primary importance, because finding effective technical, environmental and other methods and means of protecting people in hybrid and other vehicles is extremely necessary and in demand at the present stage. Thus, based on the characteristics of the material and aspects of its analysis determined the structure of the text in which some of the facts are given using the information available in the attached literature. Results. The result of the work were the proposed methods of shielding high-frequency and low-frequency levels based on physical properties – the reflection and absorption of electromagnetic waves during the transition from one medium to another. Originality. Methods of studying the effect of electromagnetic radiation on a person in vehicles (automotive, hybrid, electric) and especially on the reaction of a biological cell, its vital activity, require in-depth research to determine criteria, acceptable standards and optimal methods of protection against EMF and EMI. Practical value. The practical significance of this study is focused on readers and researchers of vehicles (automotive, hybrid, electric) which are interested in the negative effects of electromagnetic radiation, protection of passengers and drivers from them. The impact of electromagnetic radiation from hybrid and other types of vehicles on humans is a necessary task not only for scientists but also for manufacturers of these modes of transport, who for unknown reasons are trying to "freeze" the proposals and technical solutions offered by the World Scientific Society.

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14

Duviryak, A., and Yu Yaremko. "Action-at-a-Distance and Radiation Reaction of Point-Like Particles in de Sitter Space." Ukrainian Journal of Physics 64, no. 12 (December 9, 2019): 1129. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe64.12.1129.

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The two-particle system with the time-asymmetric retarded-advanced electromagnetic interaction known as the Staruszkiewicz–Rudd–Hill model is considered in the de Sitter space-time. The manifestly covariant descriptions of the model within the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms with constraints are proposed. It is shown that the model is de Sitter-invariant and integrable. An explicit solution of the equations of motion is derived. We use the covariant electromagnetic Green function in the de Sitter space in order to derive the equation of motion of a point charge in an external electromagnetic field, where the radiation reaction is taken into account.

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15

Huang, Kama, Ning Liu, Changjun Liu, and Liping Yan. "Preliminary analysis of chemical reaction under the radiation of electromagnetic wave." Chinese Science Bulletin 45, no. 19 (October 2000): 1821–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02886276.

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16

Birnholtz, Ofek, Shahar Hadar, and Barak Kol. "Radiation reaction at the level of the action." International Journal of Modern Physics A 29, no. 24 (September 29, 2014): 1450132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x14501322.

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The aim of this paper is to highlight a recently proposed method for the treatment of classical radiative effects, in particular radiation reaction, via effective field theory methods. We emphasize important features of the method and in particular the doubling of fields. We apply the method to two simple systems: a mass–rope system and an electromagnetic charge-field system. For the mass–rope system in 1 + 1 dimensions we derive a double-field effective action for the mass which describes a damped harmonic oscillator. For the EM charge-field system, i.e. the system of an accelerating electric charge in 3 + 1 dimensions, we show a reduction to a 1 + 1 dimensions radial system of an electric dipole source coupled to an electric dipole field (analogous to the mass coupled to the rope). For this system we derive a double-field effective action and reproduce in an analogous way the leading part of the Abraham–Lorentz–Dirac force.

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17

Singal, Ashok K. "Radiation reaction from electromagnetic fields in the neighborhood of a point charge." American Journal of Physics 85, no. 3 (March 2017): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.4972246.

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18

Barut, A. O., and M. Pavšič. "Radiation reaction and the electromagnetic energy-momentum of moving relativistic charged membranes." Physics Letters B 331, no. 1-2 (June 1994): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(94)90941-5.

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19

Birnholtz, Ofek. "Comments on initial conditions for the Abraham–Lorentz(–Dirac) equation." International Journal of Modern Physics A 30, no. 02 (January 20, 2015): 1550011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x15500116.

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An accelerating electric charge coupled to its own electromagnetic field both emits radiation and experiences the radiation's reaction as a (self-)force. Considering the system from an Effective Field Theory perspective, and using the physical initial conditions of no incoming radiation can help resolve many of the problems associated with the often considered "notorious" Abraham–Lorentz/Abraham–Lorentz–Dirac equations.

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20

COSTELLA, JOHN P., and BRUCE H. J. MCKELLAR. "ELECTROMAGNETIC DEFLECTION OF SPINNING PARTICLES." International Journal of Modern Physics A 09, no. 03 (January 30, 1994): 461–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x94000212.

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We show that it is possible to obtain self-consistent and physically acceptable relativistic classical equations of motion for a pointlike spin-half particle possessing an electric charge and a magnetic dipole moment, directly from a manifestly covariant Lagrangian, if the classical degrees of freedom are appropriately chosen. It is shown that the equations obtained encompass the well-tested Lorentz force and Thomas-Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi spin equations, as well as providing a definite specification of the classical magnetic dipole force, whose exact form has been the subject of recent debate. Radiation reaction — the force and torque on an accelerated particle due to its self-interaction — is neglected at this stage.

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21

Popa, Alexandru. "Accurate calculation of radiation damping parameters in the interaction between very intense laser beams and relativistic electron beams." Laser and Particle Beams 32, no. 3 (July 24, 2014): 477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303461400041x.

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AbstractWe prove that the radiation damping force and the rate of change of the damping energy, in the Landau-Lifshitz forms, in interactions between very intense laser beams and relativistic electron beams, are periodic functions of only one variable, that is the phase of the electromagnetic field. The property is proved without using any approximation, in the most general case, when the degree of polarization of the electromagnetic field, the initial phase of the incident field and the initial energy of the electron have arbitrary values. This property leads to a strong simplification of the calculation of the radiation reaction parameters and of their dependence on the initial electron energy and angular frequency of the laser beam. Our analysis is performed in the proper inertial system of the electron. The radiation reaction is significant for laser beam intensities of the order 1022 W/cm2, and for electron energy greater than 1 GeV. The calculations reveal limitations of the method of generating hard radiations by interactions between laser beams and relativistic electron beams.

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22

Grøn, Øyvind. "Electrodynamics of Radiating Charges." Advances in Mathematical Physics 2012 (2012): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/528631.

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The theory of electrodynamics of radiating charges is reviewed with special emphasis on the role of the Schott energy for the conservation of energy for a charge and its electromagnetic field. It is made clear that the existence of radiation from a charge is not invariant against a transformation between two reference frames that has an accelerated motion relative to each other. The questions whether the existence of radiation from a uniformly accelerated charge with vanishing radiation reaction force is in conflict with the principle of equivalence and whether a freely falling charge radiates are reviewed. It is shown that the resolution of an electromagnetic “perpetuum mobile paradox” associated with a charge moving geodetically along a circular path in the Schwarzschild spacetime requires the so-called tail terms in the equation of motion of a charged particle.

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23

Maclay, G. "The Role of Vacuum Fluctuations and Symmetry in the Hydrogen Atom in Quantum Mechanics and Stochastic Electrodynamics." Atoms 7, no. 2 (March 31, 2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atoms7020039.

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Stochastic Electrodynamics (SED) has had success modeling black body radiation, the harmonic oscillator, the Casimir effect, van der Waals forces, diamagnetism, and uniform acceleration of electrodynamic systems using the stochastic zero-point fluctuations of the electromagnetic field with classical mechanics. However the hydrogen atom, with its 1/r potential remains a critical challenge. Numerical calculations have shown that the SED field prevents the electron orbit from collapsing into the proton, but, eventually the atom becames ionized. We look at the issues of the H atom and SED from the perspective of symmetry of the quantum mechanical Hamiltonian, used to obtain the quantum mechanical results, and the Abraham-Lorentz equation, which is a force equation that includes the effects of radiation reaction, and is used to obtain the SED simulations. We contrast the physical computed effects of the quantized electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations with the role of the real stochastic electromagnetic field.

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24

Quinn, Theodore C., and Robert M. Wald. "Axiomatic approach to electromagnetic and gravitational radiation reaction of particles in curved spacetime." Physical Review D 56, no. 6 (September 15, 1997): 3381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.56.3381.

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25

Tarasova, Natalia P., and Alexey A. Zanin. "Synthesis of inorganic polymers under ionizing and super high frequency irradiation: role of reaction media." Pure and Applied Chemistry 91, no. 4 (April 24, 2019): 671–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-0716.

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Abstract This article provides a general overview of the results of research on the influence of the reaction media and various types of electromagnetic radiation on the polymerization of inorganic monomers, carried out during the last decade at UNESCO Chair in Green Chemistry for Sustainable Development of Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia.

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26

Dormale, Bernard M. de. "Singularity of electromagnetic field near the trajectory of point particles: the general case." Canadian Journal of Physics 66, no. 4 (April 1, 1988): 289–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p88-043.

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The singularity of the electromagnetic field created by a point particle has been investigated by Dirac in the special case where the trajectory is approached in the rest frame of the particle. His result, fundamental in the study of radiation reaction, is generalized here to the case of an arbitrary inertial frame.

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27

Tuchin, Kirill. "Particle Production in Strong Electromagnetic Fields in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions." Advances in High Energy Physics 2013 (2013): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/490495.

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I review the origin and properties of electromagnetic fields produced in heavy-ion collisions. The field strength immediately after a collision is proportional to the collision energy and reaches ~mπ2at RHIC and ~10mπ2at LHC. I demonstrate by explicit analytical calculation that after dropping by about one-two orders of magnitude during the first fm/c of plasma expansion, it freezes out and lasts for as long as quark-gluon plasma lives as a consequence of finite electrical conductivity of the plasma. Magnetic field breaks spherical symmetry in the direction perpendicular to the reaction plane, and therefore all kinetic coefficients are anisotropic. I examine viscosity of QGP and show that magnetic field induces azimuthal anisotropy on plasma flow even in spherically symmetric geometry. Very strong electromagnetic field has an important impact on particle production. I discuss the problem of energy loss and polarization of fast fermions due to synchrotron radiation, consider photon decay induced by magnetic field, elucidateJ/ψdissociation via Lorentz ionization mechanism, and examine electromagnetic radiation by plasma. I conclude thatallprocesses in QGP are affected by strong electromagnetic field and call for experimental investigation.

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28

Martiryan, Davit A. "THE RADIATIVE CORRECTIONS ACCOUNTING IN THE REACTION NEAR-THRESHOLD OF $J/\psi$ PHOTOPRODUCTION." Proceedings of the YSU A: Physical and Mathematical Sciences 55, no. 2 (255) (August 30, 2021): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/pysu:a/2021.55.2.141.

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The use of the method developed in the CLAS collaboration (Jefferson Lab, USA) of improving leptons momentum for more correct studies of final state selection of quasi-real photoproduction resulting from the reaction to near threshold photoproduction of the $J/\psi$ meson is described. The radiation photons that were detected in electromagnetic calorimeter were studied with electrons and positrons accompanied them in very narrow angles. The method of radiated photon selection of $e^+ e^- p^{\prime}(e^{\prime})$ reaction is given, where $e^+ e^-$ lepton pair is formed during the decay of $J/\psi$ meson.

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CREMASCHINI, CLAUDIO, and MASSIMO TESSAROTTO. "SYMMETRY PROPERTIES OF THE EXACT EM RADIATION-REACTION EQUATION FOR CLASSICAL EXTENDED PARTICLES AND ANTIPARTICLES." International Journal of Modern Physics A 28, no. 18 (July 20, 2013): 1350086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x13500863.

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Based on recent theoretical developments (Cremaschini and Tessarotto, 2011–2013), in this paper the issue is addressed of the first-principle construction of the nonlocal relativistic radiation-reaction (RR) equation for classical spherical-shell, finite-size particles and antiparticles. This is achieved invoking the axioms of Classical Electrodynamics by means of the Hamilton variational principle. In connection with this, the Lagrangian conservation laws, together with the possible existence of adiabatic invariants, and the transformation laws of the RR equation with respect to CPT and time-reversal transformations are investigated. The latter properties make possible the parametrization of the RR equations, holding respectively for particles and antiparticles of this type, in terms of the same coordinate time t and the investigation of the qualitative properties of their solutions. In particular, in both cases the RR self-force is found to have the same signature, which implies that the dynamics of classical finite-size antiparticles is equivalent to that of classical extended particles of opposite charge. Therefore, in the framework of Classical Mechanics, a distinction between particles and antiparticles cannot be made based solely on the electromagnetic interactions associated with electromagnetic RR phenomena. As a basic application of the theory, the Lagrangian conservation laws and symmetry properties for the Hamiltonian asymptotic approximations of the exact RR equation are also addressed.

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Noble, Adam, David A. Burton, Lauren Docherty, and Dino A. Jaroszynski. "Self-force on a charged particle in an external scalar field." New Journal of Physics 23, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 115007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac3262.

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Abstract A charged particle subject to strong external forces will accelerate, and so radiate energy, inducing a self-force. This phenomenon remains contentious, but advances in laser technology mean we will soon encounter regimes where a more complete understanding is essential. The terms ‘self-force’ and ‘radiation reaction’ are often used synonymously, but reflect different aspects of the recoil force. For a particle accelerating in an electromagnetic field, radiation reaction is usually the dominant self-force, but in a scalar field this is not the case, and the total effect of the self-force can be anti-frictional. Aspects of this self-force can be recast in terms of spacetime geometry, and this interpretation illuminates the long-standing enigma of a particle radiating while experiencing no self-force.

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Tarsaei, Mahvash, Zeinab Sadat Peyrovan, Seyed Mohammad Mahdavi, Amir Modarresi Chahardehi, Reza Vafaee, and Mohammad Hosain Haidari. "Effects of 2.45 GHz Non-Ionizing Radiation on Anxiety-Like Behavior, Gene Expression, and Corticosterone Level in Male Rats." Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 13 (December 4, 2022): e56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jlms.2022.56.

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Introduction: The effects of short-term and long-term exposures to 2.45 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) on anxiety-like behavior, corticosterone level, and gene expression were investigated. The goal of this study was to explore the effect of electromagnetic fields of 2.45 GHz on clinical signs such as body weight and anxiety-like behavior, including the elevated plus maze test and open-field test, and also on messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of Bax (Bcl2-associated x) and Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) genes on the cognitive memory functions in an animal model of rats. Methods: The animals were classified into eight groups, sham groups and exposed groups for short-term and long-term exposures to the same dose of RF-EMR for one hour daily. The Wi-Fi equipment in the sham control group was not turned on during the experiment. Both genes were further confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The semi-quantitative PCR method of electromagnetic fields in the 2.45 GHz range impacted the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 genes in the rat’s memory. Results: The present study exhibited that short-term radiation could decrease the percentage of entry into the open arm and the percentage of time spent, while there were no substantial impacts on the long-term radiation effect. Our data support the hypothesis that short-term exposure worked as a systemic stressor, raising plasma corticosterone and changing glucocorticoid receptor expression in the hippocampus. Conclusion: Additional research on this specific frequency and amount of radiation is required to discover strategies for protecting the nervous system from the detrimental effects of RF-EMR radiation.

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Lo, C. Y. "Incompleteness of General Relativity, Einstein's Errors, and Related Experiments-- American Physical Society March meeting, Z23 5, 2015 --." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 8, no. 2 (April 15, 2015): 2135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v8i2.1515.

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General relativity is incomplete since it does not include the gravitational radiation reaction force and the interaction of gravitation with charged particles. General relativity is confusing because Einstein's covariance principle is invalid in physics. Moreover, there is no bounded dynamic solution for the Einstein equation. Thus, Gullstrand is right and the 1993 Nobel Prize for Physics press release is incorrect. Moreover, awards to Christodoulou reflect the blind faith toward Einstein and accumulated errors in mathematics. Note that the Einstein equation with an electromagnetic wave source has no valid solution unless a photonic energy-stress tensor with an anti-gravitational coupling is added. Thus, the photonic energy includes gravitational energy. The existence of anti-gravity coupling implies that the energy conditions in space-time singularity theorems of Hawking and Penrose cannot be satisfied, and thus are irrelevant. Also, the positive mass theorem of Yau and Schoen is misleading, though considered as an achievement by the Fields Medal. E = mc2 is invalid for the electromagnetic energy alone. The discovery of the charge-mass interaction establishes the need for unification of electromagnetism and gravitation and would explain many puzzles. Experimental investigations for further results are important.

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33

Samsonov, A. S., E. N. Nerush, and I. Yu Kostyukov. "High-order corrections to the radiation-free dynamics of an electron in the strongly radiation-dominated regime." Matter and Radiation at Extremes 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 014402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0117504.

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A system of reduced equations is proposed for electron motion in the strongly radiation-dominated regime for an arbitrary electromagnetic field configuration. The approach developed here is used to analyze various scenarios of electron dynamics in this regime: motion in rotating electric and magnetic fields and longitudinal acceleration in a plane wave and in a plasma wakefield. The results obtained show that this approach is able to describe features of electron dynamics that are essential in certain scenarios, but cannot be captured in the framework of the original radiation-free approximation [Samsonov et al., Phys. Rev. A 98, 053858 (2018) and A. Gonoskov and M. Marklund, Phys. Plasmas 25, 093109 (2018)]. The results are verified by numerical integration of the nonreduced equations of motion with account taken of radiation reaction in both semiclassical and fully quantum cases.

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Ares de Parga, G., S. Domínguez-Hernández, E. Salinas-Hernández, and M. Ortiz-Domínguez. "Study of the Radiation Reaction Force for a Step Electric Field and an Electromagnetic Pulse." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1956, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1956/1/012023.

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35

BURINSKII, ALEXANDER. "INSTABILITY OF THE BLACK HOLE HORIZON WITH RESPECT TO ELECTROMAGNETIC EXCITATIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 18, no. 14 (December 31, 2009): 2351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271809016119.

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Analyzing exact solutions to the Einstein–Maxwell equations in the Kerr–Schild formalism, we show that the black hole horizon is unstable with respect to electromagnetic excitations. Contrary to perturbative smooth harmonic solutions, the exact solutions for electromagnetic excitations on the Kerr background are accompanied by singular beams which have very strong back-reaction to the metric and break the horizon, forming the holes which allow radiation to escape from the interior of the black hole. As a result, even the weak vacuum fluctuations break the horizon topologically, covering it by a set of fluctuating microholes. We conclude with a series of nontrivial consequences, one of which is that there is no information loss inside of the black hole.

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Schantz, Hans G. "Energy velocity and reactive fields." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 376, no. 2134 (October 29, 2018): 20170453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0453.

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Conventional definitions of ‘near fields’ set bounds that describe where near fields may be found. These definitions tell us nothing about what near fields are, why they exist or how they work. In 1893, Heaviside derived the electromagnetic energy velocity for plane waves. Subsequent work demonstrated that although energy moves in synchronicity with radiated electromagnetic fields at the speed of light, in reactive fields the energy velocity slows down, converging to zero in the case of static fields. Combining Heaviside's energy velocity relation with the field Lagrangian yields a simple parametrization for the reactivity of electromagnetic fields that provides profound insights to the behaviour of electromagnetic systems. Fields guide energy. As waves interfere, they guide energy along paths that may be substantially different from the trajectories of the waves themselves. The results of this paper not only resolve the long-standing paradox of runaway acceleration from radiation reaction, but also make clear that pilot wave theory is the natural and logical consequence of the need for quantum mechanics correspond to the macroscopic results of the classical electromagnetic theory. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Celebrating 125 years of Oliver Heaviside's ‘Electromagnetic Theory’’.

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37

Plyatsko, R. M., and M. T. Fenyk. "On Reaction of a Spinning Particle on the Spacetime Curvature." Ukrainian Journal of Physics 64, no. 11 (November 25, 2019): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe64.11.1059.

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The reaction of a classical (nonquantum) spinning particle on the spacetime curvature according to the Mathisson–Papapetrou equations is analyzed. From the point of view of the observer comoving with the particle in Schwarzschild’s field, this reaction is a reaction on the gravitomagnetic components of the gravitational field. The values of these components significantly depend on the relativistic Lorentz factor calculated by the particle velocity relative to the Schwarzschild mass. As a result, the value of the spinning particle acceleration relative to the geodesic motion is proportional to the second power of the Lorentz factor. At the same time, the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation of a charged spinning particle is proportional to the fourth power of this factor. Some numerical estimates are presented.

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38

KURILIN, ALEXANDER V. "HUNTING FOR SUPERSYMMETRY IN INTENSE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 09, no. 26 (October 20, 1994): 4581–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x94001825.

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We calculate the probabilities of slepton and photino production via a charged lepton decay induced by an arbitrary electromagnetic wave or by a constant homogeneous external field, Fμν. This allows us to estimate the domains where this reaction could be significant. Comparing the process [Formula: see text] with the synchrotron radiation we conclude that for all values of the background field parameter [Formula: see text], with pν being the lepton’s momentum, the following estimate holds: [Formula: see text]. We also study the impact of the intense field on radiative corrections to the lepton’s anomalous magnetic moment. It is found that, when χ exceeds the cube of the masses’ ratios, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], the sparticle’s contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment is of the same order as the QED correction. In this region the magnitude of the anomalous magnetic moment of the lepton is very sensitive to the masses of the slepton and the photino.

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39

Magee, John L. "Nonhomogeneous processes in radiation research: Radical diffusion models." Canadian Journal of Physics 68, no. 9 (September 1, 1990): 853–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p90-123.

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Radiation research has come to mean investigations of the nature of penetrating radiations and their effects on the materials they traverse. The radiations themselves are fast charged particles (including atomic nuclei and electrons) and short wave length electromagnetic photons (X and γ rays). These radiations have the common property that they deposit their energy nonhomogeneously (in tracks) as they are stopped in matter. Chemically reactive species (excited molecules, ions, radicals, etc.) are created in the tracks. Irradiated systems are the earliest examples of systems recognized to be nonhomogeneous. The tracks formed by radiations develop by expansion and reaction of the newly created reactive species among themselves and with any molecules of the stopping medium. The radiation chemical yields of products depend on the nature of the track, which in turn depends on the radiation. Radiation chemists have been successful in the construction of models that describe track expansion and the prediction of radiation chemical yields. The development of this field, over the years, is reviewed.

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40

Karpovskyi, V. І., and O. M. Bobritska. "The influence of electromagnetic radiation of “PARKES-L” device on metabolism in puppies." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 88 (October 21, 2018): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet8802.

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Ten puppies of the German shepherd breed at the age of up to 60 days were divided into two groups – control and experimental. The influence of low-frequency electromagnetic radiation of “PARKES-L” device on the indexes of exchange of proteins, fats, carbohydrates and activity of key enzymes of carbohydrate and protein exchange: aspartat-aminotransferase, alanine-aminotransferase and laktat dehydrogenase were determined. The “PARKES-L” device which has the range of working frequencies from 0,1 hertz to 30 kHz, the action of device is based on the reflex mechanism of action of weak low-frequency electromagnetic impulses on the receptors of skin (biologically active areas) of animals. The effect of device is obtained due to radiation of electromagnetic impulses by infrared light-emitting diodes, which are at the back and front sides of the device. It was determined that under the influence of electromagnetic radiation the processes of intermediate exchange of organic compounds are not changed, but anabolic processes in tissues increase which are in the process of growth and development of puppies. Therefore, till the end of the experiment it was determined that living mass of puppies of experimental group exceeded control group by 580 grams. We also proved that under the influence of electromagnetic radiations the use of nitrogen contained metabolites increased, taking into account the increase of whole protein concentration and protein fractions. Energy exchange also gets better due to the increase of aerobic oxidation that is confirmed by the increase of oxidizing phosphorylating reaction and reliable increase of kreatinin concentration. The increase of lipid fractions (triglycerides and phosphatides) and concentration of lipid fractions also confirm the strengthening of anabolic processes in tissues. It was determined by the research the increase of free amino acid in blood of puppies of experimental group on the background of diminishing of nitrogen ammonia level that is related to the increase of biosynthesis of amino acid in tissues by the mechanism of amination of keto-acids due to better use of non-protein nitrogen. Under the influence of “PARKES-L” radiation the activity of aminotransferase (aspart-aminotransferase, alanine-aminotransferase and laktat-dehydrogenase) increased for certain (Р ˂ 0.001) that testifies the increase of exchange of proteins and carbohydrates level. It is determined in our research that the influence of low-frequency electromagnetic radiation stimulates the growth and development of puppies of the German shepherd breed. Functional activity of the systems of haemopoiesis, digestion and processes of biosynthesis of proteins, fats and carbohydrates and also activity of key enzymes of protein and carbohydrate exchanges increased under the influence of “PARKES-L” device.

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Pugach, Alexander F. "Unexplained Temporal Effects Recorded by The Torsind at Syzygies." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 15 (November 10, 2018): 5950–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v15i0.7877.

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Observations of the torsion balances` and the torsind`s behavior at the moments of the solar and lunar eclipses, the transit of Venus, the occultation of Venus by the Moon were performed. It is shown that in the most cases the devices reaction to these phenomena either outstripped or lagged behind the actually observed phenomenon. The statement is substantiated that the torsind reacts to non-electromagnetic radiation of an unknown nature, arising in the outer space surrounding the Earth.

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42

Tucker, Robin. "On the effects of geometry on guided electromagnetic waves." Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 34, no. 1 (2007): 1–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tam0701001t.

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The method of moving (Cartan) coframes is used to analyze the influence of geometry on the behavior of electromagnetic fields in confining guides and the effect of such fields on their ultra-relativistic sources. Such issues are of relevance to a number of topical problems in accelerator science where the need to control the motion of high current-density micro-meter size bunches of relativistic radiating charge remains a technical and theoretical challenge. By dimensionally reducing the exterior equations for the sources and fields on spacetime using symmetries exhibited by the confining guides one achieves a unifying view that offers natural perturbative approaches for dealing with smooth non-uniform and curved guides. The issue of the back-reaction of radiation fields on the sources is approached in terms of a simple charged relativistic fluid model. .

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Madiba, I. G., A. Braun, N. Émond, M. Chaker, S. I. Tadadjeu, B. S. Khanyile, and M. Maaza. "Resonant photoemission spectroscopy of gamma irradiated VO2 films." MRS Advances 3, no. 42-43 (2018): 2499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.356.

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AbstractVanadium dioxide thin films are considered as smart functional coatings for thermal shielding, and are attractive as a passive thermal shield for spacecrafts. In space they would, however, be subjected to bombardment by interstellar dust particles and electromagnetic radiation. Materials subjected to irradiation will suffer damages induced by the displacement cascades initiated by nuclear reaction. Such cosmic radiation can severely impact the structure and function of materials. To study this effect in the laboratory, we have deposited VO2 films on silicon wafers and exposed them to γ-radiation of doses up to 100 kGy by using a 60Co nuklid source with 1.17 and 1.33 MeV photon energy. We anticipate that the γ-radiation causes local structural perturbations which can amount to defects with a corresponding change in electronic structure and thermal shielding property. We report on the photo emission spectroscopy of gamma irradiated VO2 thin films.

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Vlasov, A. A. "Complication of the spectrum of electromagnetic waves scattered by charged nanoparticles with allowance for radiation reaction." Moscow University Physics Bulletin 62, no. 3 (June 2007): 131–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0027134907030010.

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Pereira, K. R. O., Joelda Dantas, R. de C. L. Dutra, M. F. Diniz, A. S. Silva, and A. C. F. de M. Costa. "Synthesis of the Magnetic Nanoferrites of Spinel Type and Use in Esterification Reaction for Biodiesel Obtaining." Materials Science Forum 820 (June 2015): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.820.125.

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Nanotechnology has been important in improving of the properties of the materials used in the manufacture of magnetic devices, electromagnetic radiation absorbers, cell telephony, pigments and lately in catalysis in transesterification and esterification reactions to biodiesel obtaining. The objective of this work was to synthesize and characterize magnetic materials of spinel type compound of CuFe2O4, CoFe2O4, MnFe2O4, NiFe2O4and FeFe2O4and to check the catalytic effect on the methyl esterification reaction of soybean oil. The samples were obtained by combustion reaction and characterized by XRD, FTIR, BET and SEM. The results analysis revealed for nanoferrites the spinel phase formation and higher specific area to the sample CoFe2O4. Generally the samples presented in irregular agglomerates form. All samples were catalytically active in the esterification reaction, with the highest conversion obtained by the sample MnFe2O4with 57%.

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Coohill, Thomas P. "Photobiology/Photochemistry." International Journal of Toxicology 17, no. 5 (August 1998): 559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/109158198226062.

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Exposure of living organisms to non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation (here confined to the visible and part of the ultraviolet, 200-800 nm) can cause a toxic reaction. The details of the exposure, both in intensity and wavelength composition, will determine the degree of effect. If absorbing chromophores, both endogenous and exogenous, are present, additional response can be elicited. Whether the radiation reaches a sensitive target will depend upon the depth of penetration and the opacity of the cell or tissue. The final effect will be determined by the initial photoproducts produced, the subsequent reactions they cause, and the amount of repair of damage by cellular processes. In some cases it is possible to predict the complete response; in others it is variable.

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Li, Jiang-Jing, Bin Deng, Xia-Jing Zhang, Miao-Miao Lv, Hui Zhao, Jin Wang, Ji-Dong Liu, Rui-Li Han, and Xu-De Sun. "Isoflurane Preconditioning Attenuates Brain Injury Induced by Electromagnetic Pulse via the TLR4/NFκB Signaling Pathway." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019 (January 6, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9653494.

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Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) is a unique type of electromagnetic radiation, and EMP exposure causes a series of biological effects. The nervous system is sensitive to EMP. We studied the neuroprotective effects of isoflurane preconditioning against EMP exposure and used hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) to observe the effects of electromagnetic pulse and isoflurane preconditioning on neurons. Inflammatory cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blotting was used to detect the expression of caspase-3, CD11b, TLR4, and NFκBp65. We found that after EMP exposure, the number of abnormal neurons had increased, and the expression of caspase-3, CD11b, TLR4, and NFκBp65 had also increased. Isoflurane preconditioning can reverse the above phenomenon. Moreover, we found that isoflurane preconditioning can reduce neuronal apoptosis and improve cognitive impairment induced by EMP. These findings indicate that isoflurane preconditioning can protect neurons in the cerebral cortex from EMP exposure, alleviate the inflammatory reaction and cell apoptosis, and improve cognitive impairment induced by EMP. These effects may occur through the downregulation of the TLR4/NFκB signaling pathway and the inhibition of microglial activation.

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48

Zito, Richard. "Ionizing Radiation Hazards: Dangerous Goods IV." Journal of System Safety 56, no. 3 (April 1, 2021): 12–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.56094/jss.v56i3.16.

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The unwanted flow of matter is governed by chemical equations like Fick’s Law (diffusion of mass), the Arrhenius Law (rate of reaction), and most importantly the Nernst Equation (yielding the electrochemical potential of species). In addition to these chemical equations, the other unifying sutra (or “suture”) of eclectic dangerous goods problems, and the one that will be employed in this paper, is the construction of Gaussian surfaces through which energy may flow. This energy could be electromagnetic radiation, heat, ionizing radiation, non-ionizing radiation (light), acoustic energy, or even just fields. Once an equation is developed for the flow through a unit area of a Gaussian surface, a comparison can be made between an exposure and some Exposure Limit. And, there are many different types of limits depending on the conditions of the exposure. But, in general, if an exposure is below the Exposure Limit, then safety is implied. Above the limit, steps must be taken to provide shielding. In this paper, attention will be focused on the hazards produced by flows of ionizing radiation energy emitted from a source. Ionizing radiation can penetrate deeply into matter and is capable of removing electrons from neutral atoms all along its path. Such widespread damage can disrupt DNA and, ultimately, result in carcinogenic tumors.

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Abdelmgid Sidahmed and Faisal Salah. "Radiation effects on MHD flow of second grade fluid through porous medium past an exponentially stretching sheet with chemical reaction." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 99, no. 2 (November 11, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.99.2.116.

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This article looked at the effects of electromagnetic force, chemical radiation, and thermal radiation on second-grade fluid passing through an exponentially stretched sheet with a heat sink and a porous medium. Using similarity transformations, the governing system of nonlinear partial differential equations has been converted into a system of ordinary differential equations. The Successive Linearization Method is then used to solve the system numerically. Graphs are used to display the numerical findings for the profiles of velocity, temperature, and concentration. The effects of various parameters are looked at and evaluated. The numerical values of the local Sherwood number, local Nusselt number, porosity, retardation number, and skin friction coefficient are presented and examined. The findings show that a wide range of variables significantly affect the fluid flow patterns. The reaction rate parameter had a significant impact on the concentration profiles, and as the reaction rate parameter grew, the boundary layer's concentration thickness reduced. The analysis's findings and the findings of previous studies were compared, and it was discovered that they were in excellent agreement.

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50

Roitgrund, Aviad, and Lawrence Horwitz. "Simulation of the Radiation Reaction Orbits of a Classical Relativistic Charged Particle with Generalized Off-Shell Lorentz Force." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2010 (2010): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/602784.

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We review the formulation of the problem of electromagnetic self-interaction of a relativistic charged particle in the framework of the manifestly covariant classical mechanics of Stueckeleberg, Horwitz, and Piron. The gauge fields of this theory, in general, cause the mass of the particle to change. We study the four dynamical off-mass-shell orbit equations which result from the expansion of Green's function in the Lorentz force equation for the self-interaction. It appears that there is an attractor in this system which stabilizes the motion of the relativistic charged electron. The attractor may acquire fractal characteristics in the presence of an external field and thus become a strange attractor.

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