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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Electromagnetic radiation and scattering'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

O'Donnell, Andrew Nickerson. "Sparsity and Compressed Sensing for Electromagnetic Scattering and Radiation Applications." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397480914.

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2

Ozgun, Ozlem. "Finite Element Modeling Of Electromagnetic Radiation/scattering Problems By Domain Decomposition." Phd thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608290/index.pdf.

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The Finite Element Method (FEM) is a powerful numerical method to solve wave propagation problems for open-region electromagnetic radiation/scattering problems involving objects with arbitrary geometry and constitutive parameters. In high-frequency applications, the FEM requires an electrically large computational domain, implying a large number of unknowns, such that the numerical solution of the problem is not feasible even on state-of-the-art computers. An appealing way to solve a large FEM problem is to employ a Domain Decomposition Method (DDM) that allows the decomposition of a large problem into several coupled subproblems which can be solved independently, thus reducing considerably the memory storage requirements. In this thesis, two new domain decomposition algorithms (FB-DDM and ILF-DDM) are implemented for the finite element solution of electromagnetic radiation/scattering problems. For this purpose, a nodal FEM code (FEMS2D) employing triangular elements and a vector FEM code (FEMS3D) employing tetrahedral edge elements have been developed for 2D and 3D problems, respectively. The unbounded domain of the radiation/scattering problem, as well as the boundaries of the subdomains in the DDMs, are truncated by the Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) absorber. The PML is implemented using two new approaches: Locally-conformal PML and Multi-center PML. These approaches are based on a locally-defined complex coordinate transformation which makes possible to handle challenging PML geometries, especially with curvature discontinuities. In order to implement these PML methods, we also introduce the concept of complex space FEM using elements with complex nodal coordinates. The performances of the DDMs and the PML methods are investigated numerically in several applications.

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3

Seo, Seung Mo. "A fast IE-FFT algorithm for solving electromagnetic radiation and scattering problems." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1149105460.

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4

Tap, Koray. "Complex source point beam expansions for some electromagnetic radiation and scattering problems." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1190015563.

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5

Seo, Seung Mo. "A fast IE-FFT algorighm for solving electromagnetic radiation and scattering problems." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1149105460.

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6

Brokaw, Wendell. "SOLUTION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING PARAMETERS AND RADIATION PATTERNS OF ARBITRARY BODY OF REVOLUTION RADIATORS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3546.

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A novel full wave analysis method to determine the scattering parameters and the radiation field intensities of arbitrary Body of Revolution (BOR) radiators consisting of impenetrable media is explored through derived components of modal analysis and the method of moments (MoM). Modal excitation is utilized to excite the structural feed; allowing for a more accurate measure of the scattering parameters of the total structure as opposed to the use of external excitation sources. The derivation of the mode matching method introduces a novel approach to achieving a frequency independent coupling matrix that will reduce the computational requirements for iterations utilized in the solution of multi-step discontinuous junctions. An application of interpolation functions across a single element of the MoM's traditional basis function approach allows for the ability to facilitate the meshing of complex structures. The combined field integral equation method is implemented in the analysis method to assure the mitigation of spurious solutions that can be problematic for electric field integral equation solutions that are predominant in many MoM based codes. The structures of interest represent bodies of revolution (BOR), which maintains that the structures must exhibit rotational symmetry about the longitudinal, or directional, axis. The complexity of the domain of structures that can be treated with the analysis method will be significantly reduced through the use of BOR symmetry of the structure. The proposed method for the solution of structures will include the comprehensive treatment of Boundary Value Problems (BVP's) through modal analysis, aperture treatment, and an application of the method of moments. Solutions for BOR radiating structures can be divided into two regions of analytical concern, the inner guided wave region and the outer radiating region. Modal analysis will be used to determine the scattering matrix of the inner guided wave region. The modal analysis will consist of subdividing the inner region into a number of finite step discontinuities, and the method of mode matching will be implemented to numerically solve the BVP's at each step discontinuity for a finite number of modal field distributions. The surface field equivalence principle will be applied to treat the aperture in order to produce an equivalent problem that supplants a source magnetic current density and an induced electric current density across the aperture that will radiate in the presence of the outer structural material of the BOR radiator. An algorithm utilizing the MoM is applied to solve integral equations that are defined to treat the surfaces of the BOR structure using electromagnetic boundary conditions. The application of the MoM will develop the field intensities on the aperture with complete consideration of the outer structural boundaries of the BOR radiator. The field intensities on the aperture will be related to the inner guided wave region through electromagnetic boundary conditions, and an admittance matrix will be numerically calculated. The admittance matrix will then apply to the inner guided wave region's scattering matrix to determine the reflection and transmission coefficients at the input of the BOR radiator. The comprehensive solution method will be applied to a variety of BOR structures; the electromagnetic solutions of the structures as obtained by the proposed method shall be verified for accuracy against comparative analysis of the structures using known computational packages that have been generally accepted throughout industry with respect to design capabilities.
Ph.D.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering

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7

Konidaris, Spyridon G. "Electromagnetic scattering from rough surfaces using the On-Surface Radiation Boundary Condition (OSRC) method." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/30624.

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Electromagnetic scattering from rough surfaces is of prime importance in the engineering field since it affects communications, radar, remote sensing, acoustics, etc. The actual problem of scattering from rough surfaces is complicated and involves three dimensional scattering from either lossy or dielectric, electrically large surface. Integral equations are widely utilized to solve this kind of problem but this solution to the problem is generally computationally intensive. In the On-Surface Radiation Boundary Condition (OSRC) method, a higher order radiation condition is imposed directly on the surface of the scatterer. This reduces the integral equation for the scattered field to a line integral which can be easily evaluated numerically. In this thesis, the OSRC method is used to formulate the problem of scattering from periodic rough, two dimensional surfaces illuminated by a transverse magnetic, plane electromagnetic wave. Three geometric surfaces are considered. A comparison is made between the present formulation, the exact solution, and the physical optics approximation.

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8

Liu, Duixian. "Some relationships between characteristic modes and Inagaki modes for use in scattering and radiation problems." Connect to resource, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1144430762.

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9

Licenciado, Jose Luis Alvarex-Perez. "Two novel studies of electromagnetic scattering in random media in the context of radar remote sensing." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368345.

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10

Gill, Eric William. "The scattering of high frequency electromagnetic radiation from the ocean surface : an analysis based on a bistatic ground wave radar configuration /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0003/NQ42476.pdf.

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11

Ma, Qinglin. "Study of scattering and depolarizaiton of an electromagnetic wave incident upon a slab of random medium using radiative transfer theory /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5843.

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12

Wanis, Sameh Sadarous. "Tailored Force Fields for Flexible Fabrication." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10540.

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The concept of tailored force fields is seen as an enabler for the construction of large scale space structures. Manufacturing would take place in space using in-situ resources thereby eliminating the size and weight restriction commonly placed on space vehicles and structures. This thesis serves as the first investigation of opening the way to a generalized fabrication technology by means of force fields. Such a technology would be non-contact, flexible, and automated. The idea is based on the principle that waves carry momentum and energy with no mass transport. Scattering and gradient forces are generated from various types of wave motion. Starting from experiments on shaping walls using acoustic force fields, this thesis extends the technology to electromagnetic fields. The interaction physics of electromagnetic waves with dielectric material is studied. Electromagnetic forces on neutral dielectric material are shown to be analogous to acoustic forces on sound-scattering material. By analogy to the acoustic experiments, force fields obtained by optical tweezers are extended to longer wavelength electromagnetic waves while remaining in the Rayleigh scattering regime. Curing of the surface formed takes place by use of a higher frequency beam that scans the surface and melts a subsurface layer enabling a sintering effect to take place between the particles. The resulting capability is explored at its extremes in the context of building massive structures in Space. A unification of these areas is sought through a generalization of the various theories provided in the literature applicable for each field.

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13

Vouvakis, Marinos N. "A Non-Conformal Domain Decomposition Method for Solving Large Electromagnetic Wave Problems." The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1125498071.

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14

Lam, Chi Ming. "Theoretical and numerical studies of electromagnetic wave scattering from random media with random rough surfaces and discrete particles /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5982.

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15

Francoeur, Mathieu. "NEAR-FIELD RADIATIVE TRANSFER: THERMAL RADIATION, THERMOPHOTOVOLTAIC POWER GENERATION AND OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION." UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/58.

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This dissertation focuses on near-field radiative transfer, which can be defined as the discipline concerned with energy transfer via electromagnetic waves at sub-wavelength distances. Three specific subjects related to this discipline are investigated, namely nearfield thermal radiation, nanoscale-gap thermophotovoltaic (nano-TPV) power generation and optical characterization. An algorithm for the solution of near-field thermal radiation problems in one-dimensional layered media is developed, and several tests are performed showing the accuracy, consistency and versatility of the procedure. The possibility of tuning near-field radiative heat transfer via thin films supporting surface phononpolaritons (SPhPs) in the infrared is afterwards investigated via the computation of the local density of electromagnetic states and the radiative heat flux between two films. Results reveal that due to SPhP coupling, fine tuning of near-field radiative heat transfer is possible by solely varying the structure of the system, the structure being the film thicknesses and their distance of separation. The coexistence of two regimes of near-field thermal radiation between two thin films of silicon carbide is demonstrated via numerical simulations and an asymptotic analysis of the radiative heat transfer coefficient. The impacts of thermal effects on the performances of nano-TPV power generators are investigated via the solution of the coupled near-field thermal radiation, charge and heat transport problem. The viability of nano-TPV devices proposed so far in the literature, based on a tungsten radiator at 2000 K and indium gallium antimonide cell, is questioned due to excessive heating of the junction converting thermal radiation into electricity. Using a convective thermal management system, a heat transfer coefficient as high as 105 Wm-2K-1 is required to maintain the junction at room temperature. The possibility of characterizing non-intrusively, and potentially in real-time, nanoparticles from 5 nm to 100 nm in size via scattered surface wave is explored. The feasibility of the characterization framework is theoretically demonstrated via a sensitivity analysis of the scattering matrix elements. Measurements of the scattering matrix elements for 200 nm and 50 nm gold spherical particles show the great sensitivity of the characterization tool, although an ultimate calibration is difficult with the current version of the experimental set-up.

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16

Channamallu, Aditya. "Software Defined Radio Based Modulated Scatterer Antenna Measurement." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4447.

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The modulated scattering technique is used in conjunction with a Software Defined Radio (SDR) dongle to obtain a software-based modulated signal output. SDR# is the software package used to get spectrum analysis of the modulated signal. A transmitter yagi antenna sends a 2.304GHz signal on to an antenna connected to a reflector coefficient modulator (700Hz) and the modulated waves are received by another yagi. The receiver yagi antenna is then connected to a frequency converter to convert a 2.304GHz signal to a 144MHz dongle input signal which finally puts the scattered output on computer software with a SDR dongle. The output has a center frequency with modulated spectral lines on either side of the measured frequency. Finally, antenna patterns are measured with different types of antennas by rotating the antennas and observing the baseband modulation sidebands.

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17

Simon, Jean-Christophe. "Diffusion électromagnétique dépendante dans les milieux hétérogènes denses." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES061.

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Il est montré que la diffusion électromagnétique dans les milieux hétérogènes denses fait intervenir de nombreux couplages multipolaires entre les particules. Dans ce travail, la distinction est faite entre la diffusion indépendante, couramment utilisée, et la diffusion dépendante. La première partie décrit les effets de diffusions multiple et cohérente, phénomènes liés à la diffusion indépendante. L'équation de transfert radiatif est résolue par une méthode de Monte-Carlo, et l'influence des propriétés d'absorption du milieu environnant les particules est mise en évidence. Les limites de la diffusion indépendante sont exposées à l'aide d'une expérience d'extinction par des particules de verre placées dans une cuve. La seconde partie traite de la diffusion dépendante, et décrit sa théorie. Le théorème d'addition des fonctions d'onde vectorielles harmoniques sphériques est étudié numériquement, en montrant de nombreux exemples caractéristiques. Un critère de convergence des sommations infinies intervenant dans ce théorème est testé, et nous statuons sur ses limites. Enfin, l'application de cette théorie aux milieux réels fortement concentrés est discutée, et son adaptation à l'équation de transfert radiatif est étudiée

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18

Nádaský, Pavel. "Experimentální studium rozptylu světla na površích solárních článků." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230230.

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This thesis deals with experimental measurement of angular distribution of electromagnetic radiation scattered from solar cells surfaces. The measuring apparatus is the second genaration of a scattermeter. This apparatus has been put into operation within the framework of this thesis. Results of the thesis are materials for numerical simulations aforementioned scattering and quantitative evaluation of scattering of electromagnetic waves from given surfaces.

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19

Ogintas, Andrius. "Radiolokatoriaus antenų kryptinių diagramų matavimo sistemų tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070629.144432-59310.

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Baigiamajame magistro darbe, analitinėje dalyje, pateikta žinomi radiolokatorių antenų elektromagnetinio spinduliavimo kryptinių diagramų matavimo būdai bei svarbiausios matavimo sistemos dalies – imtuvo projektavimo teorija. Eksperimentinėje magistro darbo dalyje panagrinėti būsimi kryptinių diagramų nustatymo būdai, vienas iš jų - panaudojant elektromagnetinių bangų išsibarstymą ore. Pagal žinomus duomenis apie šį efektą sudaryta nauja alternatyvi sistema, kuri leidžia pagreitinti, sumažinti laiko bei materialines sąnaudas atliekant periodinius kryptinių diagramų matavimus ir pateiktos bendros išvados ir rekomendacijos. Darbą sudaro 7 dalys: įvadas, pagrindinės radiolokacinių sistemų techninės charakteristikos, elektroninė matavimo technika, RLS kryptinių diagramų matavimo būdai, bendros išvados ir rekomendacijos, literatūros sąrašas, priedai.
Already known Antennas Radiation Pattern Measuring Systems and theoretical Knowledge, that will help design most important part (Receiver) of measuring system, are presented In my Analysis Part of Master Work. In Experimental part there are new, that still aren’t in practical measuring used, Antennas Radiation Pattern Measuring Systems investigated. One of them is using electromagnetic Wave Scattering from Particles in the Air. Regarding all available Data’s about that effect I made System that allows us to decrease Antenna’s radiation pattern measuring time and expenses. Also made and presented some Advantages, Recommendations and Conclusions. In Master Work is 7 Parts: Introduction, Basic Radiolocation Systems technical Characteristics, Measuring Technique, Radiolocation Systems Antennas radiation patterns Measuring Methods, Conclusions, References, Supplement.

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20

Klus, Jakub. "Optimalizace procedury měření optického záření rozptýleného pevnými tělesy prováděného scattermeterem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230973.

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Tato práce se zabývá optimalizací procedury měření optického záření rozptýleného pevnými tělesy prováděného pomocí scatterometru. V práci je popsáno několik metod použitelných k nalezení souboru pozic nepřekrývajících se kruhových detektorů na povrchu polokoule (i koule). Výsledky práce jsou aplikovány na samotný meřicí přístroj a je ukázána shoda experimentálních výsledku získaných před i po optimalizaci. Výhodu nového uspořádání lze nalézt především v převedení dřívejšího způsobu měření na soubor nezávislých měření, což má význam pro matematické zpracování výsledků.

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21

SILVA, DANILO M. da. "Desenvolvimento de métodos para a geração e controle da emissão em lasers aleatórios e speckle." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2016. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/26808.

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Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2016-11-11T11:16:35Z No. of bitstreams: 0
Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-11T11:16:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Neste trabalho serão apresentados novos métodos baseados na geração e controle de comprimento de onda em lasers aleatórios e lasers de diodo. Na primeira parte do trabalho será demonstrado um laser aleatório com realimentação localizada em filmes em biopolímeros dopado com corante. O filme é constituído por um ácido desoxirribonucleico e cloreto de cetiltrimetilamônio (DNA-CTMA) dopado com DCM. No dispositivo proposto, a realimentação óptica para o laser aleatório é dada por centros de dispersão posicionados aleatoriamente ao longo das bordas da área ativa. Os elementos de dispersão são nanopartículas de dióxido de titânio (TiO2) ou defeitos aleatórios na interface entre o polímero ativo e ar. Diferentes espectros de emissão são observados, dependendo da geometria da área excitada. Um único ressonador aleatório com dimensões de 2.6 x 0.65 mm2 foi fabricado com emissão aleatória com realimentação obtida pela excitação do dispositivo por completo. A segunda parte deste trabalho apresenta um novo método para a geração e manipulação de franjas de contorno por meio de interferometria speckle com comprimento de onda sintética, usando um único laser de diodo com cavidade externa. A cavidade externa permite sintonizar duas emissões simultaneamente, o que por sua vez muda o intervalo entre as franjas de contorno do interferômetro, além de aumentar a estabilidade do laser. Uma análise de Fourier é proposta como alternativa para medir o comprimento de onda sintético resultante das duas emissões do laser.
Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

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22

Lertwiriyaprapa, Titipong. "An approximate UTD development for the radiation by antennas near or on thin material coated metallic wedges." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1196281470.

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23

Levchenko, A., Світлана Григорівна Золотова, Светлана Григорьевна Золотова, and Svitlana Hryhorivna Zolotova. "Electromagnetic radiation and health." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31097.

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Electrical hazards Strong radiation can induce current capable of delivering an electric shock to persons or animals. It can also overload and destroy electrical equipment. The induction of currents by oscillating magnetic fields is also the way in which solar storms disrupt the operation of electrical and electronic systems, causing damage to and even the explosion of power distribution transformers, blackouts (as occurred in 1989), and interference with electromagnetic signals (e.g. radio, TV, and telephone signals). When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31097

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24

Ebihara, Wataru. "Electromagnetic scattering from polynomial surfaces /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487844948076443.

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25

Fezzaa, Kamel. "Étude et applications de la cohérence à l'ESRF par interférométrie X." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10051.

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Une specificite de la 3 eme generation des sources de rayonnement synchrotron (rs), telles que l'esrf, est leur grand flux coherent dans le domaine des rayons x. Outre le developpement d'une methode originale pour etudier la coherence du rs, notre but est d'ouvrir la voie pour les applications interferometriques ayant recours a 2 faisceaux x coherents. La 1 ere partie du memoire rassemble les connaissances generales utiles pour le traitement du sujet. Un rappel des proprietes du rs et des experiences qui, a l'esrf, utilisent sa coherence, est suivi d'une description de la ligne de lumiere id32 et d'un expose des bases de la theorie de la coherence partielle et de sa propagation. La 2 eme partie commence par la description de notre interferometre a 2 miroirs de fresnel independants en incidence rasante pour les x durs, avant d'en proposer la modelisation theorique. De la visibilite des franges de young sont deduites les longueurs transverses de coherence. Elle se termine par des applications consistant a observer des structures artificielles mesoscopiques, deposees sur un miroir. En introduisant un faisceau de reference, on obtient des hologrammes, directs ou de fourier. La reconstruction est faite dans des cas simples ; l'etape suivante serait de passer a des morphologies reelles plus complexes. La 3 eme partie donne une image temporelle de la coherence spatiale : la transition resonante de #5#7fe a 14. 4 kev excitee par une impulsion de rs genere une onde diffusee coherente de duree superieure a celle de l'excitation. Si la frequence de resonance varie avec la position des atomes diffuseurs, on pourra observer des battements temporels pourvu que le faisceau incident presente une coherence spatiale suffisante sur l'objet. Nous avons etudie et verifie ce phenomene quand le decalage est produit par effet doppler, et dans le cas de deux orientations magnetiques. Une perspective serait la mesure des longueurs de correlation des domaines magnetiques des echantillons.

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26

Akeab, Imad. "Accurate techniques for 2D electromagnetic scattering." Licentiate thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för fysik och elektroteknik (IFE), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-31523.

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This thesis consists of three parts. The first part is an introduction and referencessome recent work on 2D electromagnetic scattering problems at high frequencies. It alsopresents the basic integral equation types for impenetrable objects. A brief discussionof the standard elements of the method of moments is followed by summaries of thepapers.Paper I presents an accurate implementation of the method of moments for a perfectlyconducting cylinder. A scaling for the rapid variation of the solution improves accuracy.At high frequencies, the method of moments leads to a large dense system of equations.Sparsity in this system is obtained by modifying the integration path in the integralequation. The modified path reduces the accuracy in the deep shadow.In paper II, a hybrid method is used to handle the standing waves that are prominentin the shadow for the TE case. The shadow region is treated separately, in a hybridscheme based on a priori knowledge about the solution. An accurate method to combinesolutions in this hybrid scheme is presented.

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27

Koh, W. J. "Radiation hazard evaluation for a high power mobile electromagnetic radiation weapon using the numerical electromagnetic code." Thesis, Monterey, California: U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/22448.

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28

O'Donnell, N. "Electromagnetic radiation reaction in general relativity." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384632.

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29

Sapper, Erik David. "Multiscale Modeling of Electromagnetic Radiation Transport." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26717.

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The transport of electromagnetic radiation is a critical factor in determining many of the advanced features of novel materials, composites, and coatings systems. The radiation interaction with a material's surface, as well as its transport and interaction within the material, both combine to produce the overall electromagnetic signature of that object, which is the root cause of the color and appearance of these materials. Historically, approaches to light scattering behavior prediction focus on either the surface interactions or the bulk interactions, and the models most used today are valid only for certain compatible size and length scales of radiation. As next generation materials become more advanced, and increasingly have formulation components that reside on the nanoscale, a robust, rigorous, yet highly general approach to electromagnetic signature prediction is required. A hybrid, multiscale approach to the computational prediction of light scattering by coatings and composite materials is presented here, where ray tracing and geometric optics formalism tracks individual photons as they enter the material of interest, and finite element solutions to the Maxwell equations are used to generate the radiation interaction result of nanoscale inclusions embedded within the bulk of the material. The approach presented here is highly general in nature; scattering inclusions may be pigments, fibers, nanoparticles, air voids, or heterogeneous phase components. The multiscale approach enables investigation of the electromagnetic signature at various length scales, and predicts spectral reflectance, directional reflectance, and color, among other properties, of various multicomponent systems.
Army Research Laboratory, ARL Grant #14518

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30

Aas, Rune Øistein. "Electromagnetic Scattering : A Surface Integral Equation Formulation." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for fysikk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-19240.

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A numerical approach to solving the problem of electromagnetic (EM) scattering on a single scatterer is studied. The problem involves calculating the total EM field in arbitrary observation points when a planar EM wave is scattered.The method considered is a surface integral equation (SIE) formulation involving the use of a dyadic Green's function. A theoretical derivation of the magnetic field integral equation (MFIE) and the electric field integral equation (EFIE) from Maxwell's equations are shown. The Method of Weighted Residuals (MWR) and Kirchoff's Approximation (KA) with their respective domains of application are studied as ways of estimating the surface current densities. A parallelized implementation of the SIE method including both the KA and the MWRis written using the FORTRAN language. The implementation is applied in three concrete versions of the scattering problem, all involving a spherical perfectly conducting scatterer, namely the cases of incoming wavelength much larger, much smaller and comparable with the radius of the scatterer. The problems are divided into two separate solution categories, separated by whether or not the KA is assumed valid. A recursive discretization algorithm was found to be superior to a Delaunay triangulationalgorithm due to less spread in element shape and area. The produced resultsfitted well considering the interference pattern and symmetry requirements with relative errors in the order of magnitude $10^{-5}$ and less. The case of having large wavelength compared to the radius was also compared with Rayleigh scattering theory considering the far field dependence on wavelenth, scattering angle and distance from the scatterer. This resulted in relative errors of 2.1 percent and less. The main advantage of the SIE method is only requiring the surface of the scatterer to be discretized thus saving computational time and memory compared to methods requiring discretization of volume. The method is also capable of producing accurate results for observation points arbitrary close to the scatterer surface. A brief discussion on how the program may be modified in order to extend its capabilities is also included.

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31

Osman, Junaidah. "Scattering and nonlinear interaction of electromagnetic waves." Thesis, University of Salford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315373.

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Lee, Check Fu. "Finite difference method for electromagnetic scattering problems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14041.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1990.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 184-192).
by Check F. Lee.
Ph.D.

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Turbide, Simon. "Electromagnetic radiation from matter under extreme conditions." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102221.

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The subject of this thesis is the production of electromagnetic radiations during relativistic heavy ions collisions. Since they constitute one of the major ways to probe the presence of a quark-gluon plasma (QGP), their evaluation through theoretical models is very important. The photon production at low-to intermediate transverse momentum (pT) is first studied. The photon production rate in a mesonic gas is evaluated within a massive Yang-Mills (MYM) approach. Earlier calculations are reexamined with additional constraints, including new production channels and with the inclusion of form-factors. Adding primordial N-N contribution and existing baryonic and QGP production rates, we can reproduce the photon spectra observed at the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). The intermediate to high-p T region is dominated by the physics of jets. A treatment, complete to leading-order in the strong coupling, is used to calculate energy loss in the strongly interacting medium. This approach is convolved with a physical description of the initial spatial distribution of jets and with an expansion of the emission zone. The role played by jet-plasma interactions is highlighted, showing that they dominate in the range 2 < p T < 4 GeV, at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). This mechanism has an important impact on both the total photon yield and the photon azimuthal asymmetry, turning the coefficient v 2 negative. Finally, the dilepton production at high p T is calculated with hard-thermal loops (HTL) effects, showing, that in perfect analogy with real photons, jet-plasma interactions also dominate the dilepton yield around pT = 4 GeV.

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Lu, Jie Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Novel electromagnetic radiation in Left-Handed materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39566.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 137-141).
In this thesis, Cerenkov radiation of a moving charged particle inside a Left-Handed material (LHM) is studied through both theory and numerical simulations. A LHM is a material whose permittivity and permeability have negative real parts. In the analysis of this thesis, the general theory of Cerenkov radiation was first studied for the unbounded regions filled with LHM. The physical meanings of different Green's functions are discussed, and finally the second kind of Hankel function is determined to represent the special properties of Cerenkov radiation: forward incoming phase and backward outgoing power, which satisfies both momentum and energy conservation. The effects of the dispersion and dissipation of both permittivity and permeability are also investigated. The results show that both forward and backward radiated waves can co-exist at different frequencies. When the dissipation is reduced, the directions of forward and backward radiation are close to 900 with respect to the particle's moving direction. When the LHM is bounded, a waveguide can be formed. Depending upon the configuration and the relative dielectric constants of the surrounding normal material (we call them RHM in comparison with LHM), a surface wave can be formed.
(cont.) When a LHM is used as the filling material of a metallic waveguide, the radiation at some frequencies can be enhanced when a surface wave is excited. This enhancement can make the total radiated power in the waveguide larger than the radiation when the LHM is unbounded. Furthermore, using the same surface wave property, the decay of the radiation by a free space channel can be compensated when the channel is surrounded by a LHM. The wave of Cerenkov radiation is a TM wave. In order to have a homogeneous response, the LHM structure should have at least two dimensional isotropic negative permittivity and one dimensional negative permeability. A new LHM design was proposed in this thesis. We have demonstrated that this design shows several advantages in comparison with present published designs through reflection and transmission simulations, and TM (TE) prism simulations. For the unit cell's dimension of 5mm, a LHM band is observed between 6GHz and 7GHz for TM wave incidence. We use an antenna array to model a traveling current source, which can represent a single frequency component of a particle motion. The simulations show that our design can bend the radiation inside the structure.
(cont.) In order to observe the signal in the far field, we propose to use prism shaped LHM structures around the antenna array, by which, the difference between the angles of the forward radiation and backward radiation can be further amplified. These results can be a basis for a future experimental verification of backward radiation of the antenna arrays in a LHM. Besides, two effects of the surface wave for the effective LHM slab are also investigated. The results show that the surface wave actually determines the focusing ability of a LHM slab. When the mismatch between the slab and the surrounding area becomes small, those evanescent waves, whose wave number is less than that of the surface wave, can be amplified by the slab, and contribute to the focusing at the image plane. This property can help us easily estimate the resolution of a LHM slab when it is used as a flat lens. A unique guided wave can also exist when a LHM slab is surrounded by two RHMs, where the two RHMs can be different or the same. This guided wave has a linear function for the transverse profile of the field inside the LHM slab, which can never exist in either a RHM or a plasma dielectric waveguide.
by Jie Lu.
Ph.D.

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Arshad, Muhammad Shakeel. "Cargo inspection by means of electromagnetic radiation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för fysik och elektroteknik (IFE), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-102160.

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This study is based on a detailed literature review of the approaches that are being used for inspecting cargos. It was concluded that especially X-rays are suitable for precise inspection of cargos due to high-quality output images. The images captured with X-Ray scanning methods are sufficient for discriminating various materials. Methods for the inspection of cargos with the help of electromagnetic radiation at radio frequencies are also discussed.

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Gheorghe, Simona. "On multigrid methods for solving electromagnetic scattering problems." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://e-diss.uni-kiel.de/diss_1664/d1664.pdf.

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Aghajafari, Ramin. "Transient electromagnetic scattering analysis of homogeneous material bodies /." [Lautertal] : Stephan, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2878273&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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Yu, Chen-Kuo. "Electromagnetic scattering of an anisotropically coated tubular cylinder." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/8303.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
The sum difference surface current formulation is introduced to treat electromagnetic boundary value problems when anisotropic impedances are specified on both sides of a surface. It can also be applied to impedance coated bodies. This formulation preserves the duality nature of Maxwell equations and carries it over into the algebraic form of the integrodifferential operators in the equations for surface currents. Since a 90 rotation is equivalent to undergoing a duality transform for an incident plane wave, this particular symmetry in the algebraic form of the operators leads to sufficient conditions under which the on-axis backscattering of an anisotropic impedance coated scatterer having a 90 rotational symmetry is eliminated. The sum difference formulation is utilized for solving the problem of electromagnetic scattering from an anisotropically impedance coated tubular cylinder of finite length. The solution has been coded in FORTRAN and tested. Some interesting results are presented and discussed

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39

Barrowes, Benjamin E. 1973. "Electromagnetic scattering and induction models for spheroidal geometries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16611.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2004.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 271-280).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Electromagnetic scattering from a medium containing randomly distributed discrete dielectric spheroidal inclusions is studied. Also, the broadband magnetoquasistatic solution for the induced magnetic field from a conducting and permeable spheroid under time harmonic excitation is demonstrated. Analytical electromagnetic solutions for spheroidal geometries are desirable because of their versatility in modeling manmade and natural shapes includ- ing solid and hollow needles, spheres, and disks, while at the same time possessing analytic solutions. Coherent scattering from a collection of small dielectric spheroids populating a dense medium is compared to scattering from a homogeneous sphere. A Method of Moments (MoM) solution is adopted which accounts for spheroid-spheroid interactions directly. Coherent scattering results from these collections are compared to Mie scattering and the effective permittivity of the dense medium is obtained. Results are in good agreement to the classical mixing formula and this lends credibility to both models. In order to reduce memory requirements and computational complexity, the Sparse Matrix/Canonical Grid (SMCG) method is applied to 3-D dense media scattering. By approximating the dyadic Green's function about a canonical rectilinear grid, weak interaction between spheroid far apart may be quickly approximated. Strong interactions between dielectric spheroid in close proximity are still calculated directly. Weak interactions are quickly evaluated using a novel multilevel block-Toeplitz matrix vector multiply based on the Fast Fourier Transform.
(cont.) Electromagnetic induction (EMI) models of conducting and permeable spheroids under time harmonic excitation are refined to produce the broadband response with high dependability. A hybrid method is constructed consisting of three different approaches: 1) at low frequencies, the formally exact (but truncated) solution is applied, 2) at moderate frequencies, asymptotic expansions of the spheroidal wave functions (SWFs) are employed, 3) and at high, but still magnetoquasistatic, frequencies, a Small Penetration Approximation is borrowed. The combined EMI response is accurate except near a switchover point where there is typically less than a two percent error. Results are compared to data from a set of 17 steel and aluminum machined spheroids taken by the GEM-3 instrument and found to be in excellent agreement. Asymptotic expressions of the SWFs are found to depend on branch points and associated characteristic eigenvalues of the spheroidal wave equation. These branch points are found using polynomial estimation techniques and a quadruple precision Newton-Rhapson search method. Branch points for (n - m) =/< 100 are found in greater accuracy than previously available and many are tabulated in this thesis. The solution for the induced magnetic field from multiple permeable and conducting spheroidal objects in close proximity under time harmonic excitation is presented. Interactions between spheroids is accounted for by a interspheroidal modal interaction matrix. This multibody solution may provide the basis for a forward model used by inversion routines designed to detect and discriminate UXO. Specifically, this multibody solution may help to isolate non-UXO clutter from actual UXO in the field.
by Benjamin Earl Barrowes.
Ph.D.

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40

Hatziioannou, John. "The scattering of electromagnetic waves by rough surfaces." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627099.

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41

Chen, Ming. "Characterization of Pedestrian Electromagnetic Scattering at 76-77GHz." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1385579499.

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42

Ivrissimtzis, Leonidas P. "High frequency electromagnetic scattering by conducting polyhedral structures /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487683049375339.

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43

Kang, Sangwoo. "Direct sampling method in inverse electromagnetic scattering problem." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS417/document.

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Le problème de l'imagerie non itérative dans le cadre de la diffraction électromagnétique inverse utilisant la méthode d'échantillonnage direct (DSM) est considéré. Grâce à une combinaison de l'expression asymptotique du champ proche ou du champ lointain diffracté et de l'hypothèse de petits obstacles, les expressions analytiques de la fonction d'indicateur DSM sont présentées dans diverses configurations telles que des configurations 2D/3D, mono-/multi-configurations statiques, à vue limitée/complète et fréquence unique/ diversité en fréquence. Une fois l'expression analytique obtenue, sa structure est analysée et des améliorations proposées. Notre approche est validée à l’aide de données de simulation, et d’expériences le cas échéant. Premièrement, la structure mathématique du DSM à fréquence fixe en 2D dans divers problèmes de diffusion est établie, permettant une analyse théorique de son efficacité et de ses limites. Pour surmonter les limitations connues, une méthode alternative d'échantillonnage direct (DSMA) est proposée. Puis le cas multi-fréquence est investigué en introduisant et en analysant le DSM multi-fréquence (MDSM) et le DSMA multi-fréquence (MDSMA). Enfin, notre approche est étendue aux problèmes de diffraction électromagnétique inverse 3D pour lesquels le choix de la polarisation du dipôle de test est un paramètre clé. De par notre approche analytique, ce choix peut être effectué sur la base de la polarisation du champ incident
The non-iterative imaging problem within the inverse electromagnetic scattering framework using the direct sampling method (DSM) is considered. Thanks to the combination of the asymptotic expression of the scattered near-field or far-field and of the small obstacle hypothesis the analytical expressions of the DSM indicator function are presented in various configurations such as 2D/3D configurations and/or mono-/multi-static configurations and/or limited-/full-view case and/or mono-/multi-frequency case. Once the analytical expression obtained, its structure is analyzed and improvements proposed. Our approach is validated using synthetic data and experimental ones when available. First, the mathematical structure of DSM at a fixed frequency in 2D various scattering problems is established allowing a theoretical analysis of its efficiency and limitations. To overcome the known limitations an alternative direct sampling method (DSMA) is proposed. Next, the multi-frequency case is investigated by introducing and analyzing the multi-frequency DSM (MDSM) and the multi-frequency DSMA (MDSMA).Finally, our approach is extended to 3D inverse electromagnetic scattering problems for which the choice of the polarization of the test dipole is a key parameter. Thanks to our analytical analysis it can be made based on the polarization of the incident field

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44

Eroglu, Abdullah Lee Jay Kyoon. "Electromagnetic wave propagation and radiation in gyrotropic medium." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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45

Poh, Soon Yun. "Transient electromagnetic dipole radiation over a stratified medium." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15075.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1986.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING
Vita.
Bibliography: leaves 270-277.
Soon Yun Poh.
Ph.D.

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46

Bassiri, Sassan Papas Charles Herach. "Electromagnetic wave propagation and radiation in chiral media /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1987. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-02282008-090141.

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47

Wallin, Marina. "Multiple electromagnetic scattering by spheres using the T-matrix formulation." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-105606.

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Low observable technology is used in order to prevent detection, or to delay detection. Radar cross section is an important parameter in aircraft survivability since it measures how detectable an object is with radar. To find the radar cross section Maxwell's equations are solved numerically in the time-domain using a finite difference scheme. This numerical method called Finite Difference Time Domain is very suitable for structures including complex materials. However, this numerical method needs to be verified for large scale simulations, due to numerical dispersion errors. Therefore it is desirable to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulations. In this project, the analytical solution to the multiple scattering by two spheres is implemented using the T-matrix formulation. The analytical solution to the scattering problem is first validated with the analytical Mie-series solution then compared to the Finite Difference Time Domain implementation. The results imply that the difference between the numerical and analytical solution is larger for higher frequencies and larger computational volumes.
Smygteknik används för att förhindra detektering, eller för att fördröja detektion av ett flygplan. Radarmålarea är en viktig parameter för skyddsprestanda hos flygplan eftersom den mäter hur detekterbar ett föremål är med radar. För att hitta radarmålarean löses Maxwells ekvationer numeriskt i tidsdomänen med hjälp av ett finit differensschema. Den numeriska metoden som kallas Finita differensmetoden i tidsdomän, är mycket lämplig för strukturer med komplexa material. Den numeriska metoden behöver valideras för storskaliga simuleringar eftersom det förekommer felaktigheter på grund av den numeriska dispersionen. Därför är det önskvärt att kontrollera riktigheten av de numeriska simuleringarna. I detta projekt, är den analytiska lösningen till multipelspridning av två sfärer implementerad med hjälp av T-matrismetoden. Den analytiska lösningen på spridningsproblemet valideras först mot den analytiska Mie-serielösningen och sedan jämförs den med resultatet av simuleringarna med Finita differensmetoden i tidsdomän. Resultaten antyder att skillnaden mellan den numeriska och analytiska lösningen är större för högre frekvenser och större beräkningsvolymer.

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DeWitt, Brian Thomas. "Analysis and measurement of electromagnetic scattering by pyrimidal and wedge absorbers /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487265143144813.

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Oh, Kenneth K. "Development of a frequency-domain electromagnetic scattering measurement system." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA276738.

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50

Serefoglu, Murat Mehmet. "Electromagnetic Scattering Analysis And Design Of Sandwich Type Radomes." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610527/index.pdf.

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In this thesis work, importance of radome structures for antenna systems is emphasized. Structural and electromagnetic requirements of various types of radome structures are analyzed and specific properties are given. Electromagnetic scattering analysis of sandwich type radome seams has been done. Total antenna system far electromagnetic field expression, which is the combination of original antenna far electromagnetic field and the scattered electromagnetic field of the framework of the sandwich radome structure has been found and simulated. To enhance electromagnetic transparency of sandwich type radomes two sandwich radome design methods are proposed which are expressed as Geometrical Randomization and Tuning the Seams. Electromagnetic scattering level minimizations advanced by these design methods are presented with related simulations.

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