Journal articles: 'Electrolytic grinding Mathematical models'

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Chen, Fan, Bo Zhao, Xiao-feng Jia, Chong-yang Zhao, and Jing-lin Tong. "Grinding Parameter Optimization of Ultrasound-Aided Electrolytic in Process Dressing for Finishing Nanocomposite Ceramics." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7896035.

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In order to achieve the precision and efficient processing of nanocomposite ceramics, the ultrasound-aided electrolytic in process dressing method was proposed. But how to realize grinding parameter optimization, that is, the maximum processing efficiency, on the premise of the assurance of best workpiece quality is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Firstly, this research investigated the influence of grinding parameters on material removal rate and critical ductile depth, and their mathematic models based on the existing models were developed to simulate the material removal process. Then, on the basis of parameter sensitivity analysis based on partial derivative, the sensitivity models of material removal rates on grinding parameter were established and computed quantitatively by MATLAB, and the key grinding parameter for optimal grinding process was found. Finally, the theoretical analyses were verified by experiments: the material removal rate increases with the increase of grinding parameters, including grinding depth (ap), axial feeding speed (fa), workpiece speed (Vw), and wheel speed (Vs); the parameter sensitivity of material removal rate was in a descending order asap>fa>Vw>Vs; the most sensitive parameter (ap) was optimized and it was found that the better machining result has been obtained whenapwas about 3.73 μm.

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Molla, K. Z., and Alakesh Manna. "Optimization of Electrochemical Grinding Parameters for Effective Finishing of Hybrid Al/(Al2O3+ZrO2) MMC." International Journal of Surface Engineering and Interdisciplinary Materials Science 1, no. 2 (July 2013): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijseims.2013070104.

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In this study, the Taguchi method, a powerful tool in the design of experiment is used to optimize electrochemical grinding (ECG) parameters for effective finishing of hybrid Al/(Al2O3+ZrO2) MMC using a resin bonded cupper impregnated diamond grinding wheel. An orthogonal L27 (313) array is used for 35 factorial design and analysis of variance (ANOVA) is employed to investigate the influence of grinding wheel speed, electrolyte concentration, D.C. supply voltage, current density and work-piece speed on the surface finish, Ra and Rt respectively. Test results reveal that the Ra and Rt both are lesser at moderate grinding wheel speed i.e. 9000 rpm with current density 0.25A/mm2 and 30% electrolyte concentration. Taking all five parameters considered for experimentation and using multivariable higher order regression, mathematical models for surface finish, Ra and Rt are established to investigate the influence of Electrochemical Grinding (ECG) parameters during finishing of hybrid Al/(Al2O3+ZrO2) MMC. Confirmation test results established that the developed mathematical models are appropriate for effective representing the surface finish criteria, Ra and Rt (µm).

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Chen, Fan, Bo Zhao, Xiaofeng Jia, and Xiaobo Wang. "Material removal rate for nanocomposite ceramics in ultrasound-aided electrolytic in process dressing." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231, no. 21 (July 13, 2016): 3987–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406216659678.

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Nanocomposite ceramics possess beneficial mechanical and physical characteristics over traditional engineering ceramics; however, there is currently no effective method of machining nanocomposites ceramics. This paper proposes a new ultrasound-aided electrolytic in-process dressing machining method. There are many factors influencing the material removal rate in the ultrasound-aided electrolytic in-process dressing grinding. In order to optimize the processing parameters and guide practice, the material removal models are developed to simulate the material removal process based on ductile failure and brittle rupture models, and the influence of grinding parameters on material removal rates is obtained. With the model, the influence of grinding parameters on the material removal rate is analyzed by MATLAB. The analysis results are verified by the ultrasound-aided electrolytic in-process dressing grinding test: the material removal rate increases with the increase of grinding parameters; depth of cut significantly improves material removal rate, followed by axial feeding speed, wheel speed, and workpiece speed that are less important; considering the comprehensive processing effect, depth of cut is the key parameter with the optimal setting at about 3.73 µm. The ultrasound-aided electrolytic in-process dressing grinding test not only proves the reliability of the model, but also proves that the ultrasound-aided electrolytic in-process dressing grinding can improve the ductile machining effect, when compared to electrolytic in-process dressing grinding, which is suitable for mirror machining of the nanocomposite materials.

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Zhang, Jia-Bo, Yang Yang, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Jia-Liang Guan, Li-Yan Zheng, and Guang Li. "Experimental study on the characteristic and function of oxide film formed on grinding wheel in ELID precision grinding." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 72, no. 5 (October 10, 2019): 549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-04-2019-0164.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristic and function of oxide film formed on grinding wheel in electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) precision grinding and improve the quality of ELID grinding. Design/methodology/approach Dynamic film forming experiments were carried out with a simulation device close to the actual processing conditions. Then, the ELID grinding experiments of bearing rings were performed using grinding wheels with good film forming effect. The experiment was designed by quadratic regression general rotation combination method. The influence of grinding depth, electrolytic voltage, duty cycle and grinding wheel linear speed on grinding effect is analyzed. Findings A mathematical model for the formation rate of oxide film was established. The experiments show that the composition of grinding wheel and grinding fluid, as well as the electrical parameters, influence the film forming effect. Thus, the oxide film plays an important role in ELID grinding. Originality/value This study provides a reference for the design and selection of grinding wheel and grinding fluid and the setting of process parameters in ELID grinding.

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Rahman, Mustafizur, A. Senthil Kumar, and I. Biswas. "A Review of Electrolytic In-Process Dressing (ELID) Grinding." Key Engineering Materials 404 (January 2009): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.404.45.

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ELID Grinding, since its introduction over two decades ago, has helped in material removal of hard and difficult-to-cut engineering materials. A gist of the important research milestones on the process has been organized in this report. The hybrid process of ELID Grinding has a simultaneous electrolytic reaction and grinding action. Electrolysis takes place between the conductive anodic wheel and highly conductive cathode in presence of a special electrolyte. The resulting anodic oxide wears off easily to allow efficient grinding. The different parameters involved in electrolysis complicate the mechanism of grinding and makes it significantly different from conventional grinding. Different variants of the process have also been reported, though the basic philosophy of operation is the same as basic ELID. Several authors have also suggested mathematical explanations, among other fundamental studies, that provide further insight. The basic components of the process, machine tool, power supply, grinding wheel, electrode and electrolytes, have also undergone several modifications and developments to deliver better results and suit specific purposes. The process has been successfully applied in stock removal operations for hard and brittle ceramic materials with low grinding forces compared to conventional grinding. Fine finishing of almost all kinds of hard and brittle materials, ranging from hardened steels, BK7 glass, mono-crystalline silicon, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride etc, has been successfully carried out, to provide high quality surfaces with low sub-surface damage. Finally, discussions on the different stages of evolution of the process have been put forward as a conclusion to the report.

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Ovchinnikov, P. "Mathematical models for fine grinding of powders." Advanced Powder Technology 4, no. 3 (1993): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-8831(08)60641-x.

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Liu, Chia-Chang, and Chung-Biau Tsay. "Mathematical Models and Contact Simulations of Concave Beveloid Gears." Journal of Mechanical Design 124, no. 4 (November 26, 2002): 753–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1517563.

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This study presents two mathematical models of concave beveloid gears ground by Mitome’s grinding method and by the novel grinding method proposed by the authors. Based on the developed mathematical models, the contact simulations are performed and the characteristics of concave beveloid gear pairs are investigated. Simulation results indicate that our novel grinding method ameliorates the drawback of Mitome’s grinding method by eliminating the transmission error of the helical concave beveloid gear pairs. In contrast to conventional beveloid gear pairs, the gears ground by the proposed novel grinding method not only have larger contact ellipses, but also mesh conjugately with non-parallel axes, although assembly errors exist.

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Hu, S. J., Zhi Xiong Zhou, and T. Y. Long. "Mathematical Models and Grinding Research for Step Drill." Key Engineering Materials 259-260 (March 2004): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.259-260.411.

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Wattis, Jonathan A. D. "Mathematical Models of the Homochiralisation of Crystals by Grinding." Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres 41, no. 2 (August 4, 2010): 133–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11084-010-9221-2.

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Koltsova, Eleonora, Natalia Mamonova, Anna Shaneva, Michael Babkin, Nelly Popova, and Eugene Zharikov. "Modeling and Optimization of the Fabrication of Al₂O₃- Based Ceramocomposites Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes." Materials Science Forum 995 (June 2020): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.995.27.

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The physico-mechanical properties of ceramic-matrix Al2O3-based composites are strongly influenced by the particle size of Al2O3, the presence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and the temperature regimes of sintering. In order to obtain the very low porosity ceramic composites with high rates of flexural strength and crack resistance, mathematical models were developed for grinding the particles of Al2O3 and spark plasma sintering of the composite. Mathematical models were based on the equations of the balance of the number of particles by size taking into account their grinding (for the grinding stage), the balance of pores in the composite by the size (for the sintering stage). The kinetic parameters of mathematical models were determined and a good agreement was reached between the calculated and experimental results. The developed models were used to determine the optimal modes of grinding and sintering stages, which made it possible to obtain, in particular, the composite Al2O3 - CNT (20 vol. %) with bending strength 540 MPa, and crack resistance 6.3 MPa·m1/2.

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Wang, Ze Hong, Yue Xin Han, and Bing Chen Chen. "A Mathematical Model for Predicting the Internal Parameters of Ball Mill." Advanced Materials Research 454 (January 2012): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.454.151.

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The internal parameters of ball mill are very important in the grinding process and have significant impact on the grinding results. Accurate measurement of the internal parameters of ball mill is crucial and indispensable for optimization and control of grinding process. In this paper, a novel tri-sensor measurement method was used to measure the external signals (i.e., bearing pressure, sound intensity and power consumption) of ball mill. Mathematical models, which link the external signals of ball mill with its internal parameters, were established to predict the internal parameters of ball mill. Experimental results showed that the mathematical models could directly predict the internal parameters of ball mill once the external signals were obtained. The tri-sensor measurement method and the mathematical models proposed in this paper provided a new way and solid basis for optimization and control of ball milling.

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Zhang, Hong Li, and Jin Huan Zhang. "Study on Effects of Ultrasonic Vibration on Grinding Force." Applied Mechanics and Materials 532 (February 2014): 568–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.532.568.

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The mathematical models of the dynamic grinding force and the average grinding force were established by introducing the unit grinding force Fu. And the formula of the average grinding force in the grinding zone was derived. The experiments were conducted in the traditional grinding (TG) mode and tangential ultrasonic vibration grinding (TUAG) mode. The results show that the unit grinding force in TUAG is lower than that in TG in the same machining condition; the grinding force ratio is decreased due to the tangential ultrasonic vibration of the workpiece. It is helpful to improve the machinablity of the hard-brittle material.

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Medvedeva, Olga, Pavel Arkhipov, and Alexander Yanyushkin. "Influence of hard alloys CEDG modes on the size of dissolved layer." MATEC Web of Conferences 224 (2018): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822403002.

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Correctly assigned technological modes of processing define the accuracy of forming, optimum mechanical and electrochemical speed of the processed material removal, quality and durability of the cutting tool as well as provide the self-sharpening conditions for the grinding wheel. The purpose of this work is to increase the efficiency of hard alloys combined electric diamond grinding (CEDG) by establishing a dependence between the amount of material removed by mechanical cutting and the depth of the layer dissolved by electrolytic processes. Achieving the stated goal allows to solve the problem of defects occurrence on the processed surface and to minimize economic expenses for machine-building production processing. The article presents the results of mathematical calculations of the parameters influence on the size of the dissolved surface layer, as well as the current dependent removal rate for hard alloys. We determine qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the hard alloy dissolved layer dependence on the mechanical and electrical parameters of CEDG, such as the depth of grinding and anode current density, and demonstrate their analytical dependence.

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He, Lin, Xian Feng Zhao, Hong Yan Shi, and Jun Wang. "Research and Development of Four Axis Linkage Grinding Simulation System of Ball-Nose End Mill." Key Engineering Materials 443 (June 2010): 314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.443.314.

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The four axis linkage grinding simulation system of ball-nose end mill has be developed based on the mathematical model of four axis linkage grinding through establishing ball-nose end mill's parametrical database, constructing ball-nose end mill’s and grinding wheel's solid models in Solidworks, simulating the grinding processes of the rake face and flank face of ball-nose end mill based on Boolean operation, and automatic NC programming of rake face and flank face grinding. The results show the grinding simulation system can be used to manufacture ball end mill.

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Chen, Changhao, Bin Chen, Chaoqun Wu, Xinghua Gu, Xuehai Liu, and Feng Guo. "Theoretical Analysis of Grinding Wheel Deflection Angle on Peripheral Grinding Parameters and Grinding Force." Metals 12, no. 7 (July 17, 2022): 1209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12071209.

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The peripheral surface of the grinding wheel can grind the rail according to the envelope of the contour of the rail surface, thus a fuller and smoother rail surface can be obtained. Specifically, a better grinding effect can be obtained in that the end face of the grinding wheel deviates from the longitudinal section of the rail at a certain angle. Based on the traditional grinding technology theory, the mathematical models of the peripheral grinding parameters (kinematic contact arc length, wheel-rail grinding contact area, and maximum undeformed chip thickness) and the grinding force are established, in which the angle exists between the grinding wheel end face and the rail longitudinal section. The main influence of grinding wheel circumferential speed, grinding wheel kinematic speed, and the deflection angle of the grinding wheel end face on the grinding parameters and the force are analyzed. The result shows that: when there is angle θ in the models, the ratios of peripheral grinding parameters between up-grinding and down-grinding varies monotonically with the increase in vm, and their maximum variation range is about 12%, vs has the greatest influence on the peripheral grinding parameters, and the maximum variation range of the ratios is about 20% when the vs is 10 m/s. With the increase in the grinding width, Fa’ cannot be ignored and will increase gradually with the increase in angle θ. The analysis and conclusion have guiding significance for the structural design, grinding control strategy, and experimental research regarding rail curved surface grinding equipment.

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Qiu, Jian, Ya Dong Gong, Jun Cheng, and Yue Ming Liu. "Thermal Simulation of Peel Grinding Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 16-19 (October 2009): 590–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.590.

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This paper describes the grinding temperature characteristics in peel grinding. Some mathematical models such as average heat flux, triangular heat flux distribution and workpiece temperatures in the contact area are built. Using triangular heat flux model, the heat flow transferred to wheel and workpiece are analyzed. A 2D FEM model for thermal aspects of peel grinding process is presented and a finite element algorithm is implemented to solve the nonlinear problem. Finally, a peel grinding thermal field experiment was present.

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Yin, Shao Hui, Jing Wang, Feng Jun Chen, Jian Wu Yu, Yu Wang, Qing Liang Zhao, and Hong Liang Li. "Inclined Axis Ultra-Precision Grinding for Spherical Surface." Solid State Phenomena 175 (June 2011): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.175.145.

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Through establishing the mathematical models of velocity and grinding force to optimize the installation angle with inclined axis grinding technology, the spherical surface of the ultra-hard alloy material was ground by formed electroplated diamond wheel. After analyzing the abrasion of grinding wheel, the results show that the inclined axis grinding technology of the formed grinding wheel can avoid the rotation dead spots of grinding wheel, and can make the grinding wheel surface contacted with work-piece fully which could make the worn more evenly. Finally, it obtains a surface in a high quality with the surface roughness of Ra is 12.88nm, and the form accuracy of PV is 124nm.

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Li, Ting, and CunYun Pan. "Mathematical models of grinding manufacture and tooth contact analysis of spherical gears." Science in China Series E: Technological Sciences 52, no. 10 (September 12, 2009): 2823–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11431-009-0232-z.

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Lacey, S. J. "Vibration Monitoring of the Internal Centreless Grinding Process Part 1: Mathematical Models." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 204, no. 2 (May 1990): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_055_02.

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Artikov, A., L. Akobirova, and Z. Akbarhodjaev. "SYSTEMS THINKING IN JAW CRUSHER ANALYSIS." Technical science and innovation 2020, no. 2 (July 23, 2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51346/tstu-01.20.2-77-0059.

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It provides information on the method of system thinking, where the analysis of the crusher for grinding solid materials shows four hierarchical structure of the object - the jaw crusher. For a particle - a piece of material at the lowest hierarchical level, the influence of the infrastructure of the material and object on the stochastic grinding process is considered, which is characterized by probabilistic mathematical models. Moving to higher hierarchical levels, computer models of deterministic processes in the material and the crusher are given. It is preliminary shown that increasing the grinding ratio increases the efficiency of the material crushing plant.

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Tyshkevich, V. N., V. A. Nosenko, A. V. Sarazov, and S. V. Orlov. "ELASTIC DEFORMATIONS DURING FLAT GRINDING OF LOW-RIGIDITY PRISMATIC WORKPIECES." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 8(255) (August 31, 2021): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2021-8-255-42-46.

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The flat grinding of low-rigidity prismatic workpieces side surfaces is investigated. Mathematical models of the maximum elastic deformation of prismatic workpieces during fixing and machining have been developed. Contact deformations of the surfaces of the workpiece and the machine table are taken into account. An experimental verification of the developed models was carried out.

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Wang, Huiliang, Xiaozhong Deng, Jianhai Han, Jubo Li, and Jianjun Yang. "Mathematical Model of Helical Gear Topography Measurements and Tooth Flank Errors Separation." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/176237.

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During large-size gear topological modification by form grinding, the helical gear tooth surface geometrical shape will be complex and it is difficult for the traditional scanning measurement to characterize the whole tooth surface. Therefore, in order to characterize the actual tooth surfaces, an on-machine topography measurement approach is proposed for topological modification helical gears on the five-axis CNC gear form grinding machine that can measure the modified gear tooth deviations on the machine immediately after grinding. Combined with gear form grinding kinematics principles, the mathematical model of topography measurements is established based on the polar coordinate method. The mathematical models include calculating trajectory of the centre of measuring probe, defining gear flanks by grid of points, and solving coordinate values of topology measurement. Finally, a numerical example of on-machine topography measurement is presented. By establishing the topography diagram and the contour map of tooth error, the tooth surface modification amount and the tooth flank errors are separated, respectively. Research results can serve as foundation for topological modification and tooth surface errors closed-loop feedback correction.

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Jiang, Jing Liang, Pei Qi Ge, Ying Zhang, and De Xiang Wang. "A Mathematical Model of Single Grain Forces in Grinding Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 1904–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.1904.

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For the purpose of obtaining mathematical force model in grinding process, the contacting grain numbers and the single grain forces should be taken into considered. In this paper, a mathematical model was established for single grain forces calculation. A Matlab program is edited and the calculation results were obtained and discussed. In the work of this paper, only plowing and cutting forces were take into considered because that the sliding forces were proved to be neglected based on Hertz contact theory. Because of different micro-interacting mechanisms of plowing and cutting grains with workpiece material, different force models were developed separately.

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Xu, Li Ming, Yu Jue Wang, and De Jin Hu. "Quantitative Analysis and Evaluation of Valve Core Spherical Surface Grinding Texture." Key Engineering Materials 693 (May 2016): 1279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.693.1279.

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High hardness surface coating sphere components are widely used in metal sealing ball valves. The spherical surface grinding texture influences the valve’s tribological performances such as friction, lubrication and wear of interacting surfaces. It can be used to develop the index of grinding parameter optimization. In this paper, based on the discussion of sphere generating grinding methods, the surface grinding texture is quantitatively analyzed. The space trajectory of abrasive particles during sphere grinding is studied. The trajectory mathematical models are built based on two kinds of sphere grinding manners and are verified by comparing the theoretical results against experimental measurements. The influence of grinding parameters on the texture is analyzed. Texture density are defined to quantitatively describe the surface texture. The relationship between grinding texture and ball valve performance is finally discussed. The conclusions can help to optimize the spherical surface grinding process.

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Lin, C., S. K. Kang, and K. F. Ehmann. "Helical Micro-Drill Point Design and Grinding." Journal of Engineering for Industry 117, no. 3 (August 1, 1995): 277–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2804332.

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A new drill point geometry, termed the helical drill point, specifically intended for micro-drills, is developed in order to alleviate the disadvantages of existing planar micro-drill points. A mathematical model for this new drill point has been established. It is shown that this model is more general than existing drill point models. The commonly used conical, cylindrical and planar drill point models are only special cases of the helical model. For uniquely determining the grinding parameters of the new drill point as well as guiding the grinder design, the characteristics, the controllability and the sensitivity of the grinding parameters have been analyzed. Finally the geometric characteristics of this new drill point are investigated.

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Tyshkevich, Vladimir N., Alexander V. Sarazov, and Sergey V. Orlov. "Algorithm of Determination of Optimal Conditions for Low-Rigidity Prismatic Workpieces Flat Grinding." Key Engineering Materials 910 (February 15, 2022): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-9542bg.

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The flat grinding of low-rigidity prismatic workpieces side surfaces is investigated. Algorithm of determination of optimal conditions for low-rigidity prismatic workpieces flat grinding has been developed. The optimization of parameters in the range of allowable values is carried out with the view of ensuring the maximum process efficiency. Mathematical models for determination of maximum elastic deformation of prismatic workpieces when fixing and machining are presented.

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Tyshkevich, V. N., V. A. Nosenko, A. V. Sarazov, and S. V. Orlov. "Selecting Optimal Conditions for Flat Grinding Linear Bearings Guides of Low Rigidity." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 7 (736) (July 2021): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2021-7-30-39.

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The article discusses the proposed algorithm and method for determining the optimal grinding conditions for linear bearing guides of low rigidity, which ensure meeting the specified requirements for the quality of the processed surface (surface roughness parameter Ra, no grinding burns and surface flatness tolerance) at maximum process productivity. Input factors (grinding wheel hardness, radial feed, table feed speed) are parameters for optimizing the grinding process. Mathematical models of the output factors are designed to limit the range of acceptable values of the optimization parameters. Processing performance was chosen as the target function. Optimization of parameters within the range of permissible values is carried out on the basis of ensuring the maximum productivity of the process. The required flatness tolerance is provided at the second stage of mode optimization by limiting the value of the maximum elastic deformation. The cutting forces, the magnetic field attraction of the machine table and the bending stiffness of the workpiece are the variable parameters. Mathematical models for determination of maximum elastic deformation of prismatic workpieces when fixing and machining are presented. The conditions for ensuring a given workpiece surface flatness tolerance are determined, taking into account the elastic deformation of a prismatic workpiece of low rigidity under the effects of the magnetic field of the machine tool and the radial component of the grinding force.

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Chen, Feng Jun, Shao Hui Yin, and S. J. Hu. "Modeling and Computer Simulation of Grinding for Ball-End Milling Cutter with Equal Normal Rake Angle." Advanced Materials Research 53-54 (July 2008): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.53-54.225.

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In this paper, a new mathematical model and grinding method of ball-end milling cutter are proposed, based on the orthogonal spiral cutting edge curve. The movements of grinding wheel and ball-end milling cutter are presented while grinding rake face. In order to grind conveniently and avoid interference, a conical wheel is also designed and employed to grind the rake face of ball-end milling cutter on a grinder. In order to improve the machining characteristics of ball-end milling cutter, the model of rake face with equal rake angle is established. The software of ball-end milling cutter is developed to design and optimize different shapes of rake face. Furthermore, the simulation analysis on rake face with equal rake angle is carried out to confirm the validation of the mathematical models.

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Topilnytskyy, Volodymyr, and Dariya Rebot. "DEVELOPMENT OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR THE RESEARCH OF THE DYNAMICS OF VIBRATION MILL WITH TWO DRIVES FOR BULK MATERIALS FINE GRINDING." Vibrations in engineering and technology, no. 1(100) (March 23, 2021): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2306-8744-2021-1-9.

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Reducing by grinding the size of various materials as raw materials for its further use is an urgent applied task. The requirements for the final product obtained by fine grinding are its homogeneity in shape and size of individual parts. It is necessary to reduce the time of the grinding operation, reduce energy consumption to obtain a unit of product of the required quality. One way to solve the problem is to use high-tech universal equipment, namely mills for fine grinding of materials. One way to solve the given problem is to use high-tech universal equipment, namely mills for fine grinding of materials. Their optimal design, construction, manufacture and operation are ensured by studying their dynamics at the stage of their development. In particular, such a study of the dynamics can be carried out on the basis of previously created mathematical models of these mills. The use of computer technology and appropriate mathematical CAD systems will speed up and optimize the process of studying the dynamics of the corresponding mill of fine grinding of materials. The purpose of the research is to build a mathematical nonlinear parameterized model of vibrating mill with two drives for bulk materials fine grinding for further study on its basis the dynamics of the mill with the development of optimal designs for mills with similar structure and the principle of operation and selection of optimal modes of operation. The mathematical model is presented as a system of expressions describing the of the mill points motion, which will include in the form of symbolic symbols all its parameters (kinematic, geometric, dynamic, force). This model is constructed using the Lagrange equation of the second kind and asymptotic methods of nonlinear mechanics. The mathematical model for studying of the dynamics of vibration mill with two drives for bulk materials fine grinding is nonlinear and universal. The non linearity of the model makes it possible to adequately determine of the above parameters influence on the amplitude of oscillations of the mill working chamber as the main factor in the intensity in the technological process of the fine grinding bulk materials fine grinding. The possibility of a wide range of changes in the parameters of the mill in the obtained models makes it universal based on the possibility of application for the study of dynamic processes in vibrating mills of different types with two or one drive which are different by shape, size, location of the suspension and more. This model can also be used to develop optimal designs for vibrating mills for different industries, which will be used to grind different types of materials in different volumes and productivity.

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Kalchenko, V. V., V. I. Kalchenko, S. D. Tsybulya, A. V. Kolohoida, and Ye Yu Sakhno. "Simulation of the process of milling and grinding cylindrical surfaces by an oriented tool in one setup." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 4 (August 30, 2022): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2022-4/066.

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Purpose. Improvement of schemes for processing the cylindrical surfaces of the shafts of gearboxes and transmissions of large-sized equipment. Development of modular spatial models of the processes of milling and grinding of the cylindrical surfaces of the shafts of gearboxes and transmissions of military and civil vehicles. Development of a model for dressing a grinding wheel with a diamond tool. Methodology. Creation of general and particular modular mathematical models of the processes of removal of allowance and shaping during rough and finish milling and finishing grinding of non-rigid cylindrical surfaces was carried out using a matrix apparatus for transforming coordinate systems. This made it possible to describe the treatment process using standard matrices. The calculations were carried out in the mathematical package Mathcad. To obtain a graphic display of the mathematical model of the instrumental and machined surfaces, the standard functions of the software package and the developed logical blocks were used. Findings. A technique for processing cylindrical surfaces of revolution with an oriented tool is proposed. Roughing, finishing and polishing are carried out in one setup. Roughing and finishing are carried out with an oriented cutter with replaceable multifaceted carbide inserts. The angle of orientation of the cutter is selected from the condition of maximum loading of the end section. Thus, the roughing stock is removed by the end face and by the finishing periphery, while the maximum component of the cutting force is directed along the axis of the part and does not cause deformations in the radial direction. Final finishing is carried out with a wide grinding wheel. The angle of orientation of the grinding wheel is selected from the condition of uniform distribution of the allowance along the periphery. A scheme for dressing the working surface of a grinding wheel with a diamond pencil with a constant feed is proposed. Originality. Modular spatial models of the processes of milling and grinding of the cylindrical surfaces of the shafts of gearboxes and transmissions of military and civil vehicles were developed. A model for dressing a grinding wheel is proposed. The use of the proposed models makes it possible to conduct a more detailed analysis of the processes of stock removal and shaping. Practical value. Dependencies are proposed for choosing the optimal angles of orientation of the cutter for roughing and finishing milling and the grinding wheel for finishing. The accuracy of parts is increased due to the elimination of the resetting error. The cost of manufacturing is reduced due to the maximum full use of cutting carbide inserts, by turning them and operating the worn finishing edge in the rough milling mode, as well as by increasing the resource of the grinding wheel.

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Smirnov, Georgi V. "Grinding with classification via geometric partition models." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 40, no. 30 (July 12, 2007): 8751–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/40/30/010.

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Jiang, Xiao Hong, Ping Ye, and Zong Kai Li. "Analysis of Grinding Roller Stress Distribution of Vertical Roller Mill." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 1862–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.1862.

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The quality of powder of non-metal materials directly relates to the force exerted on grinding roller, while the force on grinding roller relates to the thickness of the material layer. The uneven pressure distribution between the roller and material layer is caused by the drum-shaped characteristics of vertical mill grinding roller. This paper studies the pressure distribution of roller in compacted zones, established mathematical models of pressure distribution analysis, and provides a theoretical basis for improving the vertical mill production process as well as yield and quality of the powder.

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Frivaldsky, Michal, Michal Pridala, and Peter Drgona. "Implementation of mathematical model of thermal behavior of electronic components for lifetime estimation based on multi-level simulation." Archives of Electrical Engineering 66, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 339–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aee-2017-0025.

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Abstract The main purpose of the paper is the proposal of multi-level simulation, suited for the evaluation of the lifetime of critical electronic devices (electrolytic capacitors). The aim of this issue is to imagine about the expected operation of complex and expensive power electronic systems, when the failure of the most critical component occurs. For that reason, various operational conditions and various physical influences must be considered (e.g. mechanical, humidity, electrical, heat stress), where nonlinearities are naturally introduced. Verification of the proposal is given, whereby the life-time estimation of an electrolytic capacitor operated in a DC-DC converter during various operational conditions is shown. At this point electrical and heat stress is considered for lifetime influence. First, the current state in the field of mathematical modeling of the lifetime for electrolytic capacitors, considering main phenomena is introduced. Next, individual sub-models for multi-level simulation purposes are developed, including a thermal simulation model and electrical simulation model. Several complexities of individual models are mutually compared in order to evaluate their accuracy and suitability for further use. Proper simulation tools have been mutually linked and data transfer was secured, in order to have the possibility of investigation of a lifetime depend on the changes of various variables.

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Vekteris, Vladas. "The Use of Mechatronics for the Improvement of Grinding Accuracy." Solid State Phenomena 113 (June 2006): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.113.137.

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Various aspects of the improvement of the functioning of grinding accuracy are considered. Active methods of the control of grinding systems are proposed to ensure the quality required for finishing. It is pointed out that the quality of finishing is closely connected with the mutual position of the tool and the work piece in the grinding process. This position is appreciated by permissible state areas of the axis of the tool and the work piece. Analytical expression of this interaction is described by non-traditional mathematical model’s dependences. Mathematical models presented evaluate eccentricity between the tool and the work piece or between other elements of the system and enable one to better understand the appearance of the second and higher harmonics on the work piece processed or on the tool. They allow one to simulate the finishing not only of the cylindrical, but also of non-round profile work pieces, such as cams, eccentrics, etc. The mathematical dependences worked out allow one to build various modifications of the grinding systems and to evaluate the quality of their functioning. A circuit for the active control of the tool position is proposed, with the goal of quality improvement of finishing. For this purpose the usage of the adaptive spindle with tilting-pad journal bearings is suggested.

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Kalchenko, Volodymyr, Vitalіі Kalchenko, Antonina Kolohoida, Andrii Yeroshenko, and Dmytro Kalchenko. "Building a model of dressing the working surfaces of wheels during the two-side grinding of round end faces at CNC machines." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 1 (115) (February 24, 2022): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.252642.

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This paper reports the spatial mathematical modeling of the process of dressing the working surface of grinding wheels for implementing the double-sided grinding of the ends of cylindrical components. Parts with high-precision end surfaces that are commonly used include bearing rollers, piston fingers, crosspieces of cardan shafts, and others. The geometric accuracy of surfaces is ensured by simultaneously grinding the ends at two-sided end-grinding machines with crossed axes of the part and wheels that operate under a self-blunting mode. Before starting the machining, the wheels are dressed in a working position. Moreover, the total orientation angle of the tools is selected subject to the condition of uniform distribution of allowance along the rough sections of wheels. Dressing involves a single-crystal diamond tool with a variable feed. That ensures different development of the surface of abrasive tools, which prolongs their operating time between dressings and improves overall stability. The constant size of micro irregularities at the calibration site enhances the quality of machining. The calibration site is made in the form of a straight line belonging to the plane that passes through the axis of rotation of the wheel and is perpendicular to the plane of the machined part. Based on the spatial mathematical models of the processes of removal of allowance and shape formation when dressing the wheel, the surface of the grinding wheel was investigated. Mathematical models for shaping the ends of parts when grinding with wheels with conical calibration sites have been proposed; it is shown that when applying the proposed machining scheme, there is no geometric error in the size of the part. In addition, due to the uniform distribution of the allowance along the rough area of the wheel, the quality of the surface layer of the ends of parts increases. The devised method for dressing the working surface of wheels could be used to grind the ends of non-circular components.

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Lee, Yi Hui, Shih Syun Lin, and Yi Pei Shih. "Probe Position Planning for Measuring Cylindrical Gears on a Four-Axis CNC Machine." Advanced Materials Research 579 (October 2012): 297–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.579.297.

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During large-size gear manufacturing by form grinding, the actual tooth surfaces will differ from the theoretical tooth surface because of errors in the clamping fixture and machine axes and machining deflection. Therefore, to improve gear precision, the gear tooth deviations should be measured first and the flank correction implemented based on these deviations. To address the difficulty in large-size gear transit, we develop an on-machine scanning measurement for cylindrical gears on the five-axis CNC gear profile grinding machine that can measure the gear tooth deviations on the machine immediately after grinding, but only four axes are needed for the measurement. Our results can serve as a foundation for follow-up research on closed-loop flank correction technology. This measuring process, which is based on the AGMA standards, includes the (1) profile deviation, (2) helix deviation, (3) pitch deviation, and (4) flank topographic deviation. The mathematical models for measuring probe positioning are derived using the base circle method. We also calculate measuring positions that can serve as a basis for programming the NC codes of the measuring process. Finally, instead of the gear profile grinding machine, we used the six-axis CNC hypoid gear cutting machine for measuring experiments to verify the proposed mathematical models, and the experimental result was compared with Klingelnberg P40 gear measuring center.

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Rahman, M. M., and K. Kadirgama. "Performance of Water-Based Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Coolant during Abrasive Grinding of Ductile Cast Iron." Journal of Nanoparticles 2014 (March 5, 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/175896.

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This paper presents the performance of ductile cast iron grinding machining using water-based zinc oxide nanoparticles as a coolant. The experimental data was utilized to develop the mathematical model for first- and second-order models. The second order gives worthy performance of the grinding. The results indicate that the optimum parameters for the grinding model are 20 m/min table speed and 42.43 μm depth of cut for single-pass grinding. For multiple-pass grinding, optimization is at a table speed equal to 35.11 m/min and a depth of cut equal to 29.78 μm. The model fit was adequate and acceptable for sustainable grinding using a 0.15% volume concentration of zinc oxide nanocoolant. This paper quantifies the impact of water-based ZnO nanoparticle coolant on the achieved surface quality. It is concluded that the surface quality is the most influenced by the depth of cut(s) and table speed.

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Naumova, Yu A., and I. V. Gordeeva. "Analysis of mathematical models for description of the fractional composition of disperse elastic fillers." Russian Technological Journal 7, no. 5 (October 15, 2019): 62–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2500-316x-2019-7-5-62-78.

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The paper presents a comparative analysis of integral and differential mathematical models describing the particle size distribution of dispersed elastic fillers. Crushed vulcanizates obtained by high temperature shear grinding were studied as objects of research. Technogenic waste – waste passenger car tires and rubber elements of gas mask facepieces – were used as raw materials. Data on the distribution of the crushed vulcanizate particles were obtained by laser diffraction using the particle size analyzer Fritsch Analysette 22 Microtec plus (“Fritsch”, Germany). It was found that the distribution curves are unimodal asymmetric curves. Search and analysis of mathematical models were carried out using a specialized software product TableCurve 2D v5.01 (Jandel Scientific). Four- and five-parameter equations pertaining to the class of logistic models were tested to describe the integral cumulative distribution curves of the rubber powder particles. In order to justify the choice of a suitable mathematical model to describe the fractional composition of the crushed vulcanizes, the adequacy of the models was assessed, the structural characteristics of the variation series, the statistical moments of distribution and the indicators of its shape were determined. It was found that according to a number of criteria it is appropriate to use the logarithmically normal distribution function for the description and analysis of the rubber powders fractional composition. It is suggested that regardless of the nature of the feedstock, the described implementation of high temperature shear grinding provides products having an identical shape of rubber powder particles size distribution.

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Fu, Pei, Jiang Huang, Ming Zhong Jin, Min Qing Gong, and Xue Ni Pan. "Grinding Spindle Improvement Based on Structure Optimal Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 454 (October 2013): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.454.118.

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For the structure optimization design of grinder Cui Zhong etc. [1,2] studied problems such like to select sample points which are used to structure the approximate model, to apply optimal Latin hypercube principle in the experimental design, and to take advantage of radical basis function. To minimize error they optimized models by using mathematical programming also. In our paper here using the methods in [1, we construct a model using CAD for grinding components, on the basis of optimum structural design procedure we deal with grinding spindle with structural analysis, sampling point selection, and optimum design, such that we greatly improve the design of high-speed grinding spindle on the wheel frame of CNC8312A[.

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Bratan, Sergey, Stanislav Roshchupkin, Anastasia Chasovitina, and Kapil Gupta. "The effect of the relative vibrations of the abrasive tool and the workpiece on the probability of material removing during finishing grinding." Metal Working and Material Science 24, no. 1 (March 15, 2022): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2022-24.1-33-47.

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Introduction. Grinding remains the most efficient and effective method of final finishing that is indispensable in the production of high-precision parts. The characteristic features of grinding materials are that the removal of the material roughness of the workpiece surface occurs due to the stochastic interaction of the grains of the abrasive material with the surface of the workpiece, in the presence of mutual oscillatory movements of the abrasive tool and the workpiece being processed. During processing workpieces with abrasive tools, the material is removed by a large number of grains that do not have a regular geometry and are randomly located on the working surface. This makes it necessary to apply probability theory and the theory of random processes in mathematical simulation of operations. In real conditions, during grinding, the contact of the wheel with the workpiece is carried out with a periodically changing depth due to machine vibrations, tool shape deviations from roundness, unbalance of the wheel or insufficient rigidity of the workpiece. To eliminate the influence of vibrations in production, tools with soft ligaments are used, the value of longitudinal and transverse feeds is reduced, but all these measures lead to a decrease in the operation efficiency, which is extremely undesirable. To avoid cost losses, mathematical models are needed that adequately describe the process, taking into account the influence of vibrations on the output indicators of the grinding process. The purpose of the work is to create a theoretical and probabilistic model of material removing during finishing and fine grinding, which allows, taking into account the relative vibrations of the abrasive tool and the workpiece, to trace the patterns of its removal in the contact zone. The research methods are mathematical and physical simulation using the basic provisions of probability theory, the laws of distribution of random variables, as well as the theory of cutting and the theory of deformable solids. Results and discussion. The developed mathematical models allow tracing the effect on the removal of the material of the superimposition of single sections on each other during the final grinding of materials. The proposed dependencies show the regularity of the stock removal within the arc of contact of the grinding wheel with the workpiece. The considered features of the change in the probability of material removal when the treated surface comes into contact with an abrasive tool in the presence of vibrations, the proposed analytical dependences are valid for a wide range of grinding modes, wheel characteristics and a number of other technological factors. The expressions obtained allow finding the amount of material removal also for the schemes of end, profile, flat and round external and internal grinding, for which it is necessary to know the magnitude of relative vibrations. However, the parameters of the technological system do not remain constant, but change over time, for example, as a result of wear of the grinding wheel. To assess the state of the technological system, experimental studies are carried out taking into account the above changes over the period of durability of the grinding wheel.

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Bratan, Sergey, Stanislav Roshchupkin, Alexander Kharchenko, and Anastasia Chasovitina. "Probabilistic model of surface layer removal when grinding brittle non-metallic materials." Metal Working and Material Science 23, no. 2 (June 10, 2021): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2021-23.2-6-16.

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Introduction. The final quality of products is formed during finishing operations, which include the grinding process. It is known that when grinding brittle materials, the cost of grinding work increases significantly. It is possible to reduce the scatter of product quality indicators when grinding brittle materials, as well as to increase the reliability and efficiency of the operation, by choosing the optimal parameters of the technological system based on dynamic models of the process. However, to describe the regularities of the removal of particles of a brittle non-metallic material and the wear of the surface of the grinding wheel in the contact zone, the known models do not allow taking into account the peculiarities of the process in which micro-cutting and brittle chipping of the material are combined. Purpose of the work: to create a new probabilistic model for removing the surface layer when grinding brittle non-metallic materials. The task is to study the laws governing the removal of particles of brittle non-metallic material in the contact zone. In this work, the removal of material in the contact zone as a result of microcutting and brittle chipping is considered as a random event. The research methods are mathematical and physical simulation using the basic provisions of the theory of probability, the laws of distribution of random variables, as well as the theory of cutting and the theory of a deformable solid. Results and discussion. The developed mathematical models make it possible to trace the effect on material removal of the overlap of single cuts on each other when grinding holes in ceramic materials. The proposed dependences show the regularity of stock removal within the arc of contact of the grinding wheel with the workpiece. The considered features of the change in the probability of material removal upon contact of the treated surface with an abrasive tool and the proposed analytical dependences are valid for a wide range of grinding modes, wheel characteristics and a number of other technological factors. The obtained expressions make it possible to find the amount of material removal also for schemes of end, flat and circular external grinding, for which it is necessary to know the amount of removal increment due to brittle fracture during the development of microcracks in the surface layer. One of the ways to determine the magnitude of this increment is to simulate the crack formation process using a computer. The presented results confirm the prospects of the developed approach to simulate the processes of mechanical processing of brittle non-metallic materials.

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Mazzinghy, Douglas Batista, José Guilherme de Abreu Valadares, Roberto Galéry, Luiz Cláudio Monteiro Montenegro, and Antônio Eduardo Clark Peres. "Simulation of a ball mill operating with a low ball charge level and a balanced ball size distribution." Rem: Revista Escola de Minas 66, no. 4 (December 2013): 473–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0370-44672013000400011.

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The optimization of industrial grinding circuits has been successfully performed using mathematical models that describe the industrial scale data from breakage parameters determined in laboratory grinding tests. The test material studied here is a gold ore ground in a closed ball mill circuit with hydrocyclone classification. Several sampling campaigns were carried out aiming to produce mass balances and provide material for laboratory tests. The parameters determined in the laboratory tests were used to predict, by simulation, the circuit behavior with a low ball charge level and a balanced ball size distribution.

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Chen, W.-F. "A mathematical solution to the design and manufacturing problems of ball-end cutters having a cutting edge with constant angle to the axis." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 218, no. 3 (March 1, 2004): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440604322900426.

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This paper considers two of the major problems associated with the design and manufacture of ball-end cutters whose cutting edge lies at a constant angle to the axis. The first problem involves the inability to solve the mathematical description of the cutting edge at the top of the ball-end cutter, while the second problem relates to the tendency of the grinding wheel feeding speed description to approach infinity in the same region. Mathematical models are developed to overcome these problems. These models provide a valuable reference for the future design and manufacture of cutters of this type.

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Chistova, Natal'ya Geral'dovna, Venera Nurullovna Matygulina, and Yuri Davydovich Alashkevich. "PREPARATION OF WOOD FIBER SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS IN KNIFE MACHINES OF VARIOUS MODIFICA-TION." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 4 (December 21, 2020): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2020048189.

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In this paper, we consider the results of a study of the influence of the design and technological parameters of grinding machines of various modifications on the quality of wood pulp. According to the results of processing multifactor experiments implemented according to the second-order B-plan, a mathematical description was obtained of the dependence of the degree of grinding of pulp on the gap between the grinding disks, wear of the segments, the rotational speed of the lower screw and the concentration of pulp. The obtained regression models are adequate to the process and can be applied in practice for predicting the qualitative characteristics of wood pulp depending on the parameters of the grinding process. Analyzing the obtained experimental data, it can be noted that such factors as the state of the surfaces of grinding disks, the gap between them and the concentration of wood fiber have the greatest influence on the degree of grinding of the mass. Evaluation of graphical dependencies allows you to determine the extent to which you can vary the operating and design parameters of the grinding process to obtain wood fiber with the required grinding quality.

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Dorokhov, Aleksey, Victor Khamyev, and Kirill Lepeshkin. "Modernization of grinding machines of grain cleaning machines." MATEC Web of Conferences 224 (2018): 05009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822405009.

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As a result of the analysis of developed earlier mathematical models of the process of seeds purification on a two-tier lattice mill of polymeric materials the possibility of significant improvement in the quality of seed treatment and performance at the same quality at the expense of more rational technological schemes and modernization of the sieve camp’s were revealed. Constructive changes were made in the lattice mill with using a new type of polymer sieves. Result of this experimental studies confirm the identified possibility of intensification of the process of seed cleaning - completeness of waste allocation increased from 0,653 to 0.75, i.e. 15 %, performance for the same quality of cleaning have increased by 24%.

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Nguyen, Tuan-Linh, Nhu-Tung Nguyen, and Long Hoang. "A study on the vibrations in the external cylindrical grinding process of the alloy steels." International Journal of Modern Physics B 34, no. 22n24 (August 14, 2020): 2040150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979220401505.

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The vibration during external cylindrical grinding is caused by many factors such as the rigidity of the technology system, machining modes, machining materials, cooling mode, etc. This paper employed a Taguchi method to design experiments and evaluate the influence of machining mode parameters and workpiece material hardness on the vibrations when machining some types of alloy steel in external cylindrical grinding process. The influence of machining conditions on the vibrations was investigated. Besides, the mathematical models of vibration amplitudes were also modeled. The achieved results can be used to control the vibrations through machining conditions to improve the surface quality of the product.

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ÇAYDAŞ, ULAŞ, and MAHMUT ÇELİK. "GENETIC ALGORITHM-BASED OPTIMIZATION FOR SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN CYLINDRICALLY GRINDING PROCESS USING HELICALLY GROOVED WHEELS." Surface Review and Letters 24, Supp02 (November 2017): 1850031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x18500312.

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The present work is focused on the optimization of process parameters in cylindrical surface grinding of AISI 1050 steel with grooved wheels. Response surface methodology (RSM) and genetic algorithm (GA) techniques were merged to optimize the input variable parameters of grinding. The revolution speed of workpiece, depth of cut and number of grooves on the wheel were changed to explore their experimental effects on the surface roughness of machined bars. The mathematical models were established between the input parameters and response by using RSM. Then, the developed RSM model was used as objective functions on GA to optimize the process parameters.

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Sorsa, Aki, Mika Ruusunen, Suvi Santa-aho, and Minnamari Vippola. "Sub-Surface Analysis of Grinding Burns with Barkhausen Noise Measurements." Materials 16, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010159.

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Barkhausen noise (BN) measurements are commonly used for surface characterisation. However, often there is also a need to verify the sub-surface region because detrimental tensile stresses may be present after different manufacturing steps. Especially in a grinding burn, the surface stress may be compressive, but it changes quickly into tensile stress below the surface. The aim of this study was to find out whether regular surface-sensitive BN measurement is also sensitive to the stresses below the surface caused by grinding burns. More specifically, the aim was to study the relationship between BN features and sub-surface stresses and to identify a model that estimates sub-surface stresses. Real samples were collected from an actual process. The samples were cylindrical samples manufactured from commercial alloyed AISI/SAE L6 steel that was through-hardened prior to grinding. Barkhausen noise measurements were carried out for 42 grinding burn locations followed by X-ray diffraction-based residual stress surface measurements and residual stress depth profiles. Depth information was obtained through step-by-step electrolytic removal of thin layers. The stress profiles were pre-processed through interpolation and averaged stress was calculated as a function of depth below the surface. Correlation analysis was carried out to evaluate the relationships between BN features and stress at different depths and among BN features. The main outcome of the analysis was that BN measurement is dominated by the sub-surface tensile stresses rather than the compressive stress at the surface. It was also noticed that BN features form two groups, corresponding to average Barkhausen activity and magnetising field strength leading to maximum Barkhausen activity. Models for stress at different steps were identified systematically. The performance of the models for sub-surface stresses was reasonable with R2 values of around 0.85 and root mean squared error (RMSE) values of around 95 MPa. Based on the results, it is concluded that BN measurement provides information about sub-surface stresses and that stress can be evaluated through straightforward modelling, allowing fast detection of grinding burns.

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Marchenko, R. A., S. V. Yarovoy, and V. I. Shurkina. "Information system for calculating paper-forming indicators of fibrous semi-finished products based on regression models." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2094, no. 3 (November 1, 2021): 032059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2094/3/032059.

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Abstract The paper presents an information system for calculating the main paper-forming parameters of the pulp for given technological and design parameters of the grinding plant. The operation of the system is based on mathematical regression models of the processes that were obtained in the course of experimental studies of knife sets of various types. As input parameters in these models, the rotor speed, knife gap, concentration and degree of grinding of the mass are used. The output parameters are the grinding time, water retention capacity and average fiber length. The developed information system is a network web application with a modular structure. The modules are united by the main interface for the user. Each module implements a regression model for a specific type of headset. At the moment, the system has two modules for calculating the parameters of a percussion type headset and a headset with a curvilinear shape of knives. In the future, it is planned to add the ability to calculate indicators for headsets of other designs. It will also add the ability to solve optimization problems by finding the minimum or maximum value of the output parameters.

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Zheng, Jian Xin, and Jia Wen Xu. "Basic Experimental Research on the NC-Contour Evolution Ultrasonic Assisted Grinding Ceramic Blade Surface." Key Engineering Materials 359-360 (November 2007): 369–273. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.359-360.369.

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Ultrasonic machining is a practical process for advanced ceramic machining. Usually, ceramics with complex surfaces are machined with two common ultrasonic assisted contour machining methods, which may be classified as surface/point contact machining mode. While these methods are not suitable to machine some complex surfaces such as blade surface, so an ultrasonic assisted contour machining method using a simple shaped diamond grinding wheel to machine ceramic blade surface is presented, which is named as Numerical Control-Contour Evolution Ultrasonic Assisted Grinding (NC-CEUAG) method. In the NC-CEUAG process, the contour evolution motion of the grinding wheel is controlled by the NC system and the blade surface is the enveloping surface formed by the grinding wheel’ cutting edges when they cut into the ceramic specimen. In this paper, the relative motion between the grinding wheel and the specimen in the process of NC-CEUAG ceramic blade surface is analyzed. The mathematical models of ruled surfaces are constructed. The ceramic blades with ruled surface are machined with selected machining parameters on the retrofitting NC-CEUAG machine tool.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Electrolytic grinding Mathematical models'

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