Journal articles: 'Electrochemical processing by the wire electrode'

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He, Jenny X., Shruti Baharani, and Yong X. Gan. "Processing and Electrochemical Property Characterization of Nanoporous Electrodes for Sustainable Energy Applications." Research Letters in Nanotechnology 2009 (2009): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/313962.

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Preparation and electrocatalytic reactions of nanoporous materials in biodegradable fluids were studied. Electrochemical etching was conducted to selectively extract metallic elements from alloys to form porous structures. Electrocatalytic properties of the porous electrodes were characterized. Comparative studies on the electrochemical activities of the nanoporous metallic electrodes with bulk metallic wire catalysts were performed. It is found that the current density at the nanoporous electrode is three times higher than that of the bulk electrode.

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Osypenko, Vasyl, Oleksandr Plakhotnyi, and Oleksii Timchenko. "Principles of the express method for controlling interelectrode space condition during wire electrochemical processing." Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering 9, no. 4 (July 23, 2019): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5599/jese.660.

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In the practical implementation of the sequential wire electrical discharge machining – pulsed electrochemical machining (WEDM – PECM) technology and in order to perform high quality electrochemical processing, there is a need for the real-time operational control of electrical parameters of inter-electrode space and corresponding adaptive correction of amplitude-frequency power supply parameters (AFPSP). In the context presented by the authors, a mathematical apparatus and an algorithm of operational galvanostatic mode monitoring of anode dissolution using wire electrode-tool are proposed. This will allow adaptive adjustment of AFPSP to ensure controlled passage of electrochemical reactions and significantly increase process stability, dissolved surface layer thickness uniformity along entire electrode tool movement trajectory and resulting surface quality.

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Wang, Yukui, Han Wang, Yuxin Zhang, Xiaolong He, Zhenlong Wang, Guanxin Chi, Xiang Chen, and Mingshan Song. "Micro Electrochemical Machining of Array Micro-Grooves Using In-Situ Disk Electrode Fabricated by Micro-WEDM." Micromachines 11, no. 1 (January 7, 2020): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11010066.

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This paper develops an array micro-grooves manufacturing method using micro electrochemical machining (ECM) with disk electrode, which is prepared by in-situ micro wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM). This technology focuses on the difficulty of array structure manufacture in micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). A micro-ECM system is built based on the micro-WEDM machine to achieve high precision processing of the array micro-grooves. Since micro-WEDM has good performance in high precision machining of the rotating structure, single and multi-edge disk electrodes can be fabricated in-situ using graphite. The as-prepared disk tool electrode is directly used for micro-electrochemical milling of the array micro-grooves without disassembling away from the device, which avoids the positioning error caused by the re-clamping of the disk electrode. With the advantages of high surface quality and no electrode loss, micro-ECM improves the manufacture performance of the micro-parts. Through wire path optimization, the shape accuracy of the disk edge is improved. After the research of the micro-ECM parameters, the process is improved, and finally, the high precision array micro-grooves are obtained. This method combines the advantages of micro-WEDM and disk electrode micro-ECM milling, and it is convenient for large-scale manufacture of array micro-structures on micro-parts and MEMS.

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Xu, Chongchang, Xiaolong Fang, Zhao Han, and Di Zhu. "Wire Electrochemical Machining with Pulsating Radial Electrolyte Supply and Preparation of Its Tube Electrode with Micro-Holes." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010331.

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Wire electrochemical machining (WECM) has great advantages and potential for fabricating parts with ruled surfaces made of difficult-to-machine materials. Characterized by a relatively short flow path, a pulsating radial electrolyte supply in WECM is proposed to improve the machining capability for thick workpieces. The tool is a tube electrode with a line of micro-holes on cylindrical surface. This paper introduces research into the processing of micro-holes in the tube electrode using a rotating helical electrode. The quantitative relationship among the feed rate, the applied voltage, and the diameter of the outlet holes was determined experimentally. A tube electrode with holes of varying diameters was fabricated by adjusting the applied voltage. Using it as a tool electrode, kerfs with a length of 10 mm and an averaged width of 0.903 mm were machined at a feed rate of 6 μm/s in a 30 mm-thick block, and there was no short circuit during processing. It was shown experimentally that using a tube electrode with holes of varying diameters as a tool electrode provides better process capacity for pulsating radial electrolyte supply in WECM.

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Osipenko, V. I., D. O. Stupak, O. A. Trigub, and A. V. Bilan. "Calculation of the parameters of the technological-current density distribution during wire electrode electrochemical processing." Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry 48, no. 2 (March 2012): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s106837551202010x.

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Herlina, Herlina, Muhammad Ali Zulfikar, and Buchari Buchari. "Cyclic Voltammetry Study of Mediated Electrochemical Oxidation Using Platinum Wire, Pt/Co(OH)2 and Pt/Co Electrodes In Various Supporting Electrolytes." JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia) 3, no. 2 (August 31, 2018): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jkpk.v3i2.22330.

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Amoxicillin is one of β-lactam antibiotic in penicillin groups which their presence in surface water and wastewater not only affects water quality but also causes long-term adverse effects on ecosystems and human health due to their resistance to natural biodegradation. The processing of organic waste electrochemically has the advantage of cheap and efficient cost, exhaust gas that does not contain toxic and hazardous materials. We have studied the process of amoxicillin electro-oxidation mediated by a cobalt (III) ion called an electrochemical oxidation process mediated (MEO) in a voltammetry study using a platinum working electrode, Pt/Co(OH)2 and Pt/Co in various supporting electrolytes such as KNO3, NaClO4, Na2SO4 and phosphate buffer solution with concentrations 0.10 M. The results show that the amoxicillin oxidation peaks using the above-mentioned working electrode in various electrolyte solutions are in the potential range of 500-670 mV (Ag/AgCl). The presence of cobalt ions forming complex compounds with amoxicillin causes the oxidation current decreasing that indicates the presence of degradation to amoxicillin.

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Cui, Naiyuan, Sizhan Wang, and Lu Wang. "Preparation of Copper and Nickel-Based Oxide Self-Supporting Electrode by Electrochemical Etching Method for the Detection of Glucose." Nano 16, no. 07 (June 30, 2021): 2150072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292021500727.

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It is of great significance to prepare electrochemical glucose sensors with high selectivity and stability via effective and rapid methods. In this work, the self-support electrode with copper and nickel-based oxide is prepared by chemical-etching reaction which occurred under the property of electrochemical potential difference. In this processing, nickel foam is etched selectively by Cu[Formula: see text] ions and they not only act as self-supporting electrode substrate, but also as nickel ions precursor of NiO. Moreover, the reaction can be completely satisfied on 30 min at room temperature. As a self-supporting electrode nonenzymic glucose electrochemical sensor, the electrode exhibited a wide linear range (0.04–3.00[Formula: see text]mM), low detection limit (0.02[Formula: see text]mM) with high sensitivity of 1096[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] and good selectivity, repeatability and stability. Furthermore, the application of the prepared sensor provides an avenue for the application of the transition metal materials in the field of electrochemical sensing.

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Xin, Bin, and Wei Liu. "Experimental Research on Discharge Forming Cutting-Electrochemical Machining of Single-Crystal Silicon." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (August 4, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6024662.

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During the wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) process, a large number of discharge pits and a recast layer are easily generated on the workpiece surface, resulting in high surface roughness. A discharge forming cutting-electrochemical machining method for fabricating single-crystal silicon is proposed in this study to solve this problem. On the same processing equipment, single-crystal silicon is first cut using the discharge forming cutting method. Second, electrochemical anodic reaction technology is used to dissolve the discharge pits and recast layer on the single-crystal silicon surface. The machining mechanism of this process, the surface elements of the processed single-crystal silicon and a comparison of the kerf width are analyzed through experiments. On this basis, the influence of the movement speed of the copper foil electrode during electrochemical anodic dissolution on the final surface roughness is qualitatively analyzed. The experimental results show that discharge forming cutting-electrochemical machining can effectively eliminate the electrical discharge pits and recast layer, which are caused by electric discharge cutting, on the surface of single-crystal silicon, thereby reducing the surface roughness of the workpiece.

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Purcell, Erin, Michael Becker, Yue Guo, Seth Hara, Kip Ludwig, Collin McKinney, Elizabeth Monroe, et al. "Next-Generation Diamond Electrodes for Neurochemical Sensing: Challenges and Opportunities." Micromachines 12, no. 2 (January 26, 2021): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12020128.

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Carbon-based electrodes combined with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) enable neurochemical sensing with high spatiotemporal resolution and sensitivity. While their attractive electrochemical and conductive properties have established a long history of use in the detection of neurotransmitters both in vitro and in vivo, carbon fiber microelectrodes (CFMEs) also have limitations in their fabrication, flexibility, and chronic stability. Diamond is a form of carbon with a more rigid bonding structure (sp3-hybridized) which can become conductive when boron-doped. Boron-doped diamond (BDD) is characterized by an extremely wide potential window, low background current, and good biocompatibility. Additionally, methods for processing and patterning diamond allow for high-throughput batch fabrication and customization of electrode arrays with unique architectures. While tradeoffs in sensitivity can undermine the advantages of BDD as a neurochemical sensor, there are numerous untapped opportunities to further improve performance, including anodic pretreatment, or optimization of the FSCV waveform, instrumentation, sp2/sp3 character, doping, surface characteristics, and signal processing. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in diamond electrodes for neurochemical sensing and discuss potential opportunities for future advancements of the technology. We highlight our team’s progress with the development of an all-diamond fiber ultramicroelectrode as a novel approach to advance the performance and applications of diamond-based neurochemical sensors.

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Hriţcu, Daniel, Margareta Lupu-Poliac, Mihai Hatmanu, Elena Raluca Baciu, Constantin Baciu, and Ali Izet. "Considerations on the Specific Phenomena in Metal Heating when Using Electrolytic Plasma." Key Engineering Materials 660 (August 2015): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.660.150.

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Discovered in 1930, metal processing by electrolysis processes in aqueous solutions, are being intensely studied starting with 1960, so that now they have a wide diversity and industrial applicability. The present paper illustrates some theoretical considerations regarding specific electrode processes of the aqueous solutions electrolysis and the I=f (U) characteristics of the Me/VGS/E electrochemical system thus establishing the forming conditions of electrolytic plasma (PE). The continuous and stable character of the deposited layer (VGS) and of the shell formed by the electrolytic plasma will contribute to the rapid heating of the metal electrode, under the influence of the three heat flows qa, ql and qs. Plasma electrolytic saturation phenomena (PES) and the formation of oxides on the metal surface (PEO), represent the two main directions of plasma electrolytic deposition (PED).

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Karunakaran, Chandran, Murugesan Karthikeyan, Marimuthu Dhinesh Kumar, Ganesan Kaniraja, and Kalpana Bhargava. "Electrochemical Biosensors for Point of care Applications." Defence Science Journal 70, no. 5 (October 8, 2020): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.70.16359.

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Biosensor refers to powerful and innovative analytical tool involving biological sensing element and transducer with broad range of applications, such as diagnosis, drug discovery, biomedicine, food safety and processing, environmental monitoring, security and defense. Recent advances in the field of biotechnology, microelectronics, and nanotechnology have improved the development of biosensors. Glucometers utilizing the electrochemical determination of oxygen or hydrogen peroxide employing immobilised glucose oxidase electrode seeded the discovery and development of biosensors. Molecular recognition based on geometry and forces of interaction play an important role in the biosensor development. The advent of nanotechnology led to highly efficient and sensitive biosensors. They also provide an effective immobilisation matrix for the various bioreceptors. Enzymatic and their mimetic (metalloporphyrin)-based biosensors for reactive oxygen, nitrogen species and cytochrome c will also be discussed. The role of antibodies and their applications in immunosensors development for cytochrome c and superoxide dismutase will be highlighted. The electrochemical biosensors are less expensive, miniaturised and used for point-of-care applications. Further, the fabrication of labVIEW based virtual biosensor instrumentation and microcontroller based portable biosensor for wide variety of applications also devices will be presented.

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Kolbasov, Gennadii, Valeriy Kublanovsky, Oksana Bersirova, Mykola Sakhnenko, Maryna Ved, Orest Kuntyi, Oleksandr Reshetnyak, and Oleg Posudievsky. "ELECTROCHEMISTRY OF FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS AND SYSTEMS (EFMS)." Ukrainian Chemistry Journal 87, no. 3 (April 23, 2021): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33609/2708-129x.87.03.2021.61-76.

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The work is presented by the V. I. Vernadskii Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for the State Prize of Ukraine in the field of science and technology. A new paradigm of the processes of electrochemical synthesis of functional materials has been created on the basis of the proposed theory of discharge-ionization of electrochemically active complexes and the laws of correlation between the functional properties of coatings and the fundamental characteristics and parameters of electrochemical kinetics. New approaches of surface engineering to the electrochemical synthesis and processing of materials that are capable of operating under extreme thermomechanical conditions under the simultaneous action of an aggressive medium have been developed. Innovatively promising technologies have been proposed for the formation of nanomaterials of new generation based on superalloys, metal oxide composites, photosensitive hetero- and nanostructures, electrically conductive polymers and their composites, etc. The main research directions in this work concern electrochemistry, both directly the method for the synthesis of new materials and the study and design of the electrochemical properties of materials / coatings / nanoparticles that cannot be obtained by other methods. The aim of the work was to develop the theoretical foundations of directed synthesis and to create a wide range of new competitive materials and systems on the basis of establishing the structural and functional patterns of their electrochemical formation. А number of novel competitive electrochemical materials (electrode and electrolyte materials for electrochemical power sources and supercapacitors, electro- and photocatalysts, sorption and optical materials, functional coatings, etc.) have been created as a result of the performed research. These materials are used in various fields of science and technology, namely, for alternative power generation, electrochemical power sources, nano- and microelectronics, electrochromic systems, electrocatalysis, ecosensorics, electrochemical synthesis of commercial products, photoelectrochemical systems, corrosion protection. The number of publications: 700, including 30 monographs (7 of them published abroad) and 39 chapters in collective monographs (30 of them published abroad), 36 textbooks (manuals), and 500 articles (350 of them published in foreign periodicals). The total number of references to the publications of the authors/h-index/i10-index (regarding the whole work) according to the databases is, respectively: Web of Science, 1856/21/52; Scopus, 2185/22/71; Google Scholar, 4903/33/148. The novelty and competitiveness of the technical solutions are protected by 33 valid patents (7 patents of Kazakhstan, China, USA). Eight doctoral dissertations (DSc) and 47 candidate's dissertations (PhD theses) on this subject matter have been defended.

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Lee, Dongho, and Kyoung-Shin Choi. "Electrodeposited Thin Conformal TiO₂ Coating Enabling Stable Operation of BiVO₄ Photoanodes in Basic Media." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2018-01, no. 31 (April 13, 2018): 1917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2018-01/31/1917.

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Producing hydrogen via solar water splitting using a photoelectrochemical cell (PEC) persists as one of the most exciting research topics in the field of solar fuels. The construction of efficient PECs requires the integration of multiple components including a photoanode, a photocathode, an oxygen evolution catalyst, and a hydrogen evolution catalyst. Therefore, the compatibility and stability of all of these elements in a given operating condition are crucial. When the stability of a semiconductor electrode used as the photoanode or photocathode is limited in an acidic or basic condition which is optimum for the operation of the other components, a thin protective layer has been deposited on the semiconductor surface to prevent its chemical dissolution. Surface coating of a thin and conformal TiO2 layer has been proven to be successful for protecting photoelectrodes since TiO2 is chemically and electrochemically stable in a wide range of pH conditions under both anodic and cathodic conditions. In order to prevent the semiconductor surface from coming into direct contact with the corrosive electrolyte, complete coverage of the photoelectrode with TiO2 is required. At the same time, the TiO2 layer should be thin enough not to interfere with the charge transport properties of the photoelectrode. As a result, atomic layer deposition (ALD) has been the only successful tool used to date to produce an effective protective layer. However, the slow processing time and economic viability of ALD methods motivated us to develop an inexpensive and facile solution-based synthesis method for the deposition of high quality TiO2 coating layers. In this presentation, we report a new electrochemical method to deposit a thin and conformal TiO2 layer on nanoporous BiVO4 that has an intricate, high surface area morphology. BiVO4 is a promising n-type photoanode material with a relatively low bandgap (2.4~2.5 eV). However, its usage has been limited to neutral and mildly basic conditions (pH 5~9) because it is chemically unstable in strongly acidic and basic conditions. Our method allows for the deposition of a 5~6 nm thick TiO2 layer on BiVO4 within 1 min and the resulting BiVO4/TiO2 electrodes exhibit chemical stability in basic solutions (pH 12~13). Sulfite oxidation measurements of BiVO4 and BiVO4/TiO2 electrodes show that the thin TiO2 protective layer does not significantly reduce the hole transfer to the electrolyte. Finally, we demonstrate the photoelectrochemical stability of the BiVO4/TiO2 electrode for photoelectrochemical water oxidation in basic solutions by coupling the BiVO4/TiO2 electrode with appropriate oxygen evolution catalysts.

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Gurikar, Chennappa, H. B. Vandana, B. P. Netravati, B. P. Chaitra Kumari, N. A. Nanje Gowda, K. N. Hanumantharaju, and Lokesh A. C. "Microbial Fuel Cells: An Alternate Approach for Bioelectricity Generation and Waste Management." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 15, no. 4 (November 27, 2021): 1833–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.15.4.74.

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Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are the device that involves bacteria and organic matter, to generate electrical current via bacterial metabolism from a wide range of organic and inorganic substrates. MFCs are novel bioreactors, that convert chemical energy into electrochemical energy through bio-catalysis of various wastes (agriculture, food, households, food processing industries) using microorganisms. MFC is a promising approach that offers direct, clean, green energy generation, ease of waste recyclability, and by-product utilization of different sources. In recent, MFCs research advances related to electrode development and utilization of suitable different rural and urban wastes is a significant interest in the MFC application. Hence in a large-scale application, the MFC concept is one of the effective technologies for the management of different wastes and is simultaneously used for electricity generation to cater to the energy demand in rural or remote areas that are not linked to the electric grid. MFCs help reduce the global energy crisis and reduce the pressure on non-renewable energy resources.

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Saeed, Mahfouz Ali. "Electrochemical Pulsing Deposition of CTZS (Optical and Structural properties) Solar Energy Applications." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2018-01, no. 31 (April 13, 2018): 1927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2018-01/31/1927.

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Cu2(ZnSn)(S)4 (CTZS) has number of advantages over other solar this film such as CuInGaSe2 (CIGS) due to its higher band gap. Generating such thin film layers by electrochemical methods is particularly attractive because the lower generating budget and the higher throughput. According to literature it is default with many challenges to produce CTZS from electrodeposition methods due to wide range of standard potential of each elements of CTZS 1-4. Sulfur atomic ratio is about 50% of CTZS alloy which add more complexity to electrochemical processing. We introduce in this work electropulsing techniques on order to electroplate at transient current instead of steady state current. Electrolyte composition was similar to dilute concentration from the previous work which is is considerably more dilute in comparison to conventional electrolytes used in the literature1-4. The bath composition is: 0.0042 M CuSO4, 0.0031 M ZnSO4, 0.035 M SnCl2, 0.005 M Na2S2O3, and 0.045 M Na2S2O3. PHydrion is used to buffer the electrolyte to pH=2, and supporting electrolyte is 0.6 M LiCl. Experiments was conducted at a rotating disk electrode which offers measureable characterization of the rotating flow at room temperature. Electrochemical pulsing current behavior study at different off and on time and current in Fig. 1 and 2. The effects of pulsing time and current density on the CTZS thin film adhesion and atomic composition are discussed. The annealing was carried out on tube furnace under sulfur element atmosphere with no extra material addition. The amount of sulfur on the absorber layer was optimized. The alloy composition was examined using Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy technique (EDS) Fig. 2. XRD analysis method used to characterized CTZS thickness and crystallography. Figure 1

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Meléndez-Campos, Javier, Matias Vázquez-Piñón, and Sergio Camacho-Leon. "Sensitivity Analysis of a Portable Wireless PCB-MEMS Permittivity Sensor Node for Non-Invasive Liquid Recognition." Micromachines 12, no. 9 (September 2, 2021): 1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12091068.

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Dielectric characteristics are useful to determine crucial properties of liquids and to differentiate between liquid samples with similar physical characteristics. Liquid recognition has found applications in a broad variety of fields, including healthcare, food science, and quality inspection, among others. This work demonstrates the fabrication, instrumentation, and functionality of a portable wireless sensor node for the permittivity measurement of liquids that require characterization and differentiation. The node incorporates an interdigitated microelectrode array as a transducer and a microcontroller unit with radio communication electronics for data processing and transmission, which enable a wide variety of stand-alone applications. A laser-ablation-based microfabrication technique is applied to fabricate the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) transducer on a printed circuit board (PCB) substrate. The surface of the transducer is covered with a thin layer of SU-8 polymer by spin coating, which prevents it from direct contact with the Cu electrodes and the liquid sample. This helps to enhance durability, avoid electrode corrosion and contamination of the liquid sample, and to prevent undesirable electrochemical reactions to arise. The transducer’s impedance was modeled as a Randles cell, having resistive and reactive components determined analytically using a square wave as stimuli, and a resistor as a current-to-voltage converter. To characterize the node sensitivity under different conditions, three different transducer designs were fabricated and tested for four different fluids, i.e., air, isopropanol, glycerin, and distilled water—achieving a sensitivity of 1.6965 +/− 0.2028 εr/pF. The use of laser ablation allowed the reduction of the transducer footprint while maintaining its sensitivity within an adequate value for the targeted applications.

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Petrenko, E. M., and V. A. Semenova. "Residual Capacitance Estimation in Lithium-Thionyl-Chloride Chemical Current Sources using Impedance Spectroscopy." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Natural Sciences, no. 1 (94) (February 2021): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/1812-3368-2021-1-116-125.

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Purpose of this work is to elaborate operational and reliable method for ensuring non-destructive control over primary lithium-thionyl-chloride chemical current sources (LCCS) using the impedance spectroscopy. Results and conclusions presented in this work are based on a series of experimental studies. Result reliability was experimentally proven on models and samples with known characteristics. Mathematical apparatus used in processing experimental data using the Fourier transforms allows obtaining information on impedance in a wide frequency range based on results of a single experiment and prompt calculating its main parameters (impedance imaginary value at the hodograph extreme point, its frequency, high-frequency resistance and phase). Ways to reduce the passive film influence, which is appearing on the lithium electrode during storage and operation, on the impedance characteristics are shown. Based on the electrochemical impedance spectra analysis, most informative frequency ranges were determined, and correlates were found connecting the impedance characteristics with the investigated current source state. It is proposed to use the phase angle value measured at the impedance hodograph extreme point as a correlate allowing to estimate the LCCS residual capacitance. It was determined that in assessing the LCCS discharge degree in the range of 0--70 % residual capacity, results of impedance spectroscopy are being quite informative

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Li, Zhi Yong, Pei Yu Dong, and Yi Gang Wang. "Experiment Study on Micro-Seam in Electrochemical Machining." Key Engineering Materials 584 (September 2013): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.584.15.

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In this study, we firstly developed a numerical electrochemical micro-machining (EMM) setup. Furthermore, the effects of five vital process parameters, applied voltage, electrolyte type, electrode shape and diameter, electrode feed rate on micro-seams machining accuracy and process stability were evaluated. The experimental results show that: Wire electrodes machining accuracy is higher than that of sheet electrode. With the wire electrodes diameter decreased from 0.2mm to 0.06mm, micro-seam width is reduced by 36.55%. With the wire electrode feed rate increased from 0.2mm/min to 0.6mmm/min, micro-seam width is reduced by 44.2%. Sheet electrodes machining stability is better than that of wire electrode. The number of machining stability of sheet electrode is 25% higher than that of wire electrode in the condition of 8V applied voltage.

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Zhu, D., K. Wang, and N. S. Qu. "Micro Wire Electrochemical Cutting by Using In Situ Fabricated Wire Electrode." CIRP Annals 56, no. 1 (2007): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2007.05.057.

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Fan, Sheng Yao, Qiu Ju Zhang, and Hai Wei Chen. "Dynamic Characteristics Analysis and Simulations of Transverse Vibration of Axially Moving Electrode Wire in WEDM." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 1792–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.1792.

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Many factors influence WEDM (Wire-cut Electrical Discharge Machining) processing precision, and the influence of various factors on the processing precision are expressed by wire electrode dynamic form ultimately. In this paper, the transverse vibration theoretical model of the axially moving electrode wire coupled with thermal stresses is established by the principle of Hamilton. The influence of various processing parameters on wire vibration are analyzed and simulated. This study provides a relevant theoretical basis for optimizing processing parameters, reducing the wire vibration and improving machining precision.

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Wert, Stefan, Alexander Fußstetter, Christian Iffelsberger, and Frank-Michael Matysik. "Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy of Electrically Heated Wire Substrates." Molecules 25, no. 5 (March 5, 2020): 1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051169.

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We report a new configuration for enhancing the performance of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) via heating of the substrate electrode. A flattened Pt microwire was employed as the substrate electrode. The substrate was heated by an alternating current (AC), resulting in an increased mass transfer between the wire surface and the bulk solution. The electrochemical response of the Pt wire during heating was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry (CV). The open circuit potential (OCP) of the wire was recorded over time, while varied heating currents were applied to investigate the time needed for establishing steady-state conditions. Diffusion layer studies were carried out by performing probe approach curves (PACs) for various measuring modes of SECM. Finally, imaging studies of a heated substrate electrode surface, applying feedback, substrate generation/tip collection (SG/TC), and the competition mode of SECM, were performed and compared with room temperature results.

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Fan, Sheng Yao, Qiu Ju Zhang, and Hai Wei Chen. "Influence of Transverse Vibration of Axially Moving Electrode Wire on Machining Precision in Wire-Cut EDM." Applied Mechanics and Materials 80-81 (July 2011): 1010–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.80-81.1010.

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Many factors influence WEDM(Wire-cut Electrical Discharge Machining) machining precision, and the influence of various factors on the machining precision are expressed by wire electrode dynamic form ultimately. In this paper, the transverse vibration theoretical model of the axially moving electrode wire coupled with thermal stresses is established by the principle of Hamilton. The influence of various processing parameters on machining precision are analyzed and simulated. This study provides a relevant theoretical basis for optimizing processing parameters, reducing the wire vibration and improving machining precision of workpiece.

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YU, Qia. "Technology on Anode Vibration Aided Wire Electrode Micro-electrochemical Machining." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 48, no. 23 (2012): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2012.23.178.

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Yang, Li Jun, and Xi Nan Dang. "Analysis of the Corner Error in WEDM." Applied Mechanics and Materials 37-38 (November 2010): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.37-38.146.

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This paper introduced some current researches on the corner error in WEDM and put forward the factors that have an influence on the corner error. The deflection of the wire-electrode that has been caused by discharge force, feeding directions of the wire-electrode and radial flops of the guide pulley was analyzed in detail. To minimize corner errors, the energy control strategy and the trace control strategy are presented. Especially in WEDM-HS processing, the methods improving the processing precision are given as follows: Using the over-cutting and retract program, controlling the wire-electrode tension and improving the guiding and allocation parts.

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Wu, He, Shu Hong Xiao, Qing Guo Li, and Yong Jun Zhang. "Research of High Efficiency Combined Wire Electrochemical Machining Technology and its Application." Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (August 2011): 1015–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.1015.

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In view of major problems for the current metal cutting technology, a combined sand coated wire electrochemical machining technology is introduced. This method uses porous silicon carbide coated in metal wire electrode for grinding and electrolytic machining, which has both wire electrolytic and sand wire grinding characteristics, and greatly improves the cutting efficiency. The composite wire electrochemical cutting technology principle is analyzed. The method for determining the main process parameters is presented, and the effectiveness of its application in thin-walled metal pipe cutting is validated.

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Xue, Kuan-Hong, Jia-Mei Liu, Ri-Bing Wei, and Shao-Peng Chen. "Electrochemical behavior of adrenaline at the carbon atom wire modified electrode." Chemical Physics 327, no. 2-3 (September 2006): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2006.05.004.

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Rao, Jiangyu, Nishuang Liu, Luying Li, Jun Su, Fei Long, Zhengguang Zou, and Yihua Gao. "A high performance wire-shaped flexible lithium-ion battery based on silicon nanoparticles within polypyrrole/twisted carbon fibers." RSC Advances 7, no. 43 (2017): 26601–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra02051a.

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Interconnected Si/PPy/CF electrode was made byin situpolymerization method and used in the wire-shaped lithium ion battery. The electrode exhibited superior electrochemical properties and flexible ability.

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Zhao, Rui, Zuquan Jin, Guangyan Feng, and Jianqiang Li. "Chloride Diffusion and Induced Reinforcement Corrosion in Concrete with Fly Ash and Ground-Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag Exposed to Marine Submerged Zone1." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (December 23, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8881446.

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This paper investigates the influence of mineral admixtures fly ash (FA) and ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), the byproducts of industry, on chloride ions migration and corrosion resistance performance. A novel preparation method of wire beam electrode (WEB) was also introduced to explore the excellent corrosion-resistant capacity of concrete with mineral admixtures. By comparing concrete specimens with and without FA and GGBS, the test result of wire beam electrode, rapid chloride migration (RCM), and electrochemical tests highlight the positive impact of fly ash and GGBS against chloride ions migration, respectively. Concrete with fly ash and GGBS supplies an advanced protection effect of ordinary Portland cement; meanwhile, CO2 emission amount can be significantly reduced. Moreover, homemade wire beam electrode was proved to be a novel and reliable test method against corrosion, which has agreement with the test result of an electrochemical device.

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Wang, Jing, and Ming Gui Zhou. "Processing Stability Analysis of Wire Cut Electric Discharge Machine with High Speed." Applied Mechanics and Materials 443 (October 2013): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.443.74.

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In this article, unstable factor analysis is done in Wire cut electric discharge machine with high speed (WEDM HS), which focus on effect of processing Stability from electrical processing parameters, machine parameters, electrode wire, cutting fluid and conductive block, and how to adjust and excluding factors in order to enhance WEDM processing stability ,ensure machine parts surface quality, dimensional accuracy and processing efficiency.

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Zhang, Da Lei, You Hai Jin, Yan Li, and Xiao Tang. "Study of Electrochemical Inhomogeneity of Zinc in Zinc/Steel Couple during Galvanize Corrosion by Wire Beam Electrode." Advanced Materials Research 266 (June 2011): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.266.263.

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The localized electrochemical characteristics of the anodic metal within a zinc/steel couple immersed in seawater was investigated using an Wire Beam Electrode(WBE) composed of 9 zinc wire sensors together with 112 mild steel ones. The results showed that potential and current density distributions of zinc wires were inhomogeneous; main anodic area transferred from the zinc wires adjacent to steel wires to those farther away from zinc/steel interface gradually; besides, some zinc wires behaved as secondary cathodes. This electrochemical inhomogeneity of zinc might mainly be ascribed to the dissimilar distance between zinc and mild steel wire sensors, and their surface electrochemical state as well.

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Xie, Baocheng, Xiaowei Ni, Jingang Jiang, Yuan Zhang, Ye Dai, and Shengle Ren. "Recent Patents on Tension Control Device of Wire Electrode in WEDM." Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 3 (September 26, 2019): 188–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2212797612666190723101916.

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Background: WEDM (Wire Electrical Discharge Machining) is widely used to machine difficult-to-machine materials, such as high-strength and high-brittle materials. The research on tension control device of the wire electrode is mainly to improve the machining precision and surface quality of WEDM. Objective: To meet the growing demand for processing of difficult-to-machine materials, such as highstrength and high-brittle materials, the machining precision and surface quality of WEDM are improved continuously. Methods: This paper reviews various representative patents related to the tension control device of wire electrode in WEDM. Results: Through retracing the characteristics of different types of the tension control device of wire electrode in WEDM, the main problems existing in the current development are concluded and analyzed. The development trend of patents on the tension control device of wire electrode in WEDM is discussed. Conclusion: The optimization and development of the tension control device of wire electrode in WEDM are beneficial to improve the machining precision and surface quality of WEDM. More related patents on the tension control device of wire electrode in WEDM will be invented.

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32

Xue, Kuan-Hong, Wen Xu, and Shou-Yin Yin. "Electrochemical Determination of Dihydroxybenzene Isomers at the Carbon-Atom-Wire-Modified Electrode." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 154, no. 8 (2007): F147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2747327.

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Xiaolong, Fang, Zhang Pengfei, Zeng Yongbin, Qu Ningsong, and Zhu Di. "Enhancement of performance of wire electrochemical micromachining using a rotary helical electrode." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 227 (January 2016): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.08.014.

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Meng, Lingchao, Yongbin Zeng, Xiaolong Fang, and Di Zhu. "Wire electrochemical micromachining of metallic glass using a carbon nanotube fiber electrode." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 709 (June 2017): 760–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.03.198.

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35

Watoni, Abdul Haris, Indra Noviandri, Muhammad Nurdin, and La Ode Ahmad Nur Ramadhan. "Electrocoating Polypyrrole on Gold-Wire Electrode as Potential Mediator Membrane Candidate for Anionic Surfactant Electrode Sensor." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 23, no. 5 (May 7, 2020): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.23.5.167-176.

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The development of polypyrrole as a potential mediator membrane candidate for sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sensor electrode has been investigated. The polypyrrole membrane was synthesized electrochemically from the pyrrole and coated at the surface of a 1.0 mm diameter of the gold-wire electrode. Electropolymerization of pyrrole and coating of the polypyrrole produced was performed by cyclic voltammetry technique in the electrochemical cell containing supporting electrolyte of 0.01 M NaClO4 with an optimum potential range of -0.9 V–1.0 V, the scanning rate of 100 mV/s, an electric current of 2 mA, and running of potential scanning of 10 cycles. By using the similar optimal parameters of cyclic voltammetry, electropolymerization of 0.01 M pyrrole solution containing 0.001 M SDS also produces a polypyrrole membrane coated at the gold-wire electrode surface. These coated electrodes have the potential response-ability toward DS- anions in the concentration range of 10-7 M–10-5 M with a limit of detection of 10-7 M and sensitivity of electrode of 9.9 mV/decade. This finding shows that the SDS solution’s role is as supporting electrolyte and also as a source of DS- dopant during the pyrrole electropolymerization processes. Dopants are trapped in the polymer membrane during the electrochemical formation of polypyrrole and role as ionophores for DS- anion in the analyte solution. A potential response to the electrode phenomena is excellent basic scientific information for further synthesis of conducting polymer and development of conducting polymer-coated wire electrode model, especially in the construction of ion-selective electrode (ISE) for the determination of anionic surfactants with those models.

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Ju, Jin-Hoon, Sang-Hui Park, Sang-Hee Park, Han-Gyeol Lee, Hyon-Kwang Choi, and Gyu-Bong Cho. "Electrochemical Properties of Sn/C Nanoparticles Fabricated by Pulse Wire Evaporation for Lithium Secondary Batteries." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 7045–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.18832.

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In this work, bare Sn and carbon-coated Sn nanoparticles were prepared by a pulsed wire evaporation process. The effect of binder and pressing ratio on electrochemical properties of Sn/C composite electrodes was investigated to enhance the structural stability of Sn anode. The electrode containing the polyamide-imide (PAI) binder with high tensile strength (52 MPa) exhibited higher coulombic efficiency and better cycle performance compared to the electrode with the conventional polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) binder. The 5%-pressed Sn/C electrode with the proper porosity in the electrode demonstrated the best cycle performance corresponding to 45% of capacity retention ratio until 100 cycles.

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ZHONG, QINGDONG. "EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON MILD STEEL GRADIENT-DISTRIBUTED WBE IMMERSED IN 3.5 wt.% NaCl SOLUTION." Surface Review and Letters 28, no. 04 (January 19, 2021): 2150014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x21500141.

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To study the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in seawater at different temperatures, a novel electrochemical method called gradient-distributed wire beam electrode technique with high temporal and spatial resolution has been employed. This new wire beam electrode was prepared by three kinds of carbon steel with different carbon contents so that it can evaluate three materials simultaneously in the same corrosion medium (3.5[Formula: see text]wt.% NaCl solution) and improve the accuracy of tests results. After the gradient-distributed wire beam electrode soaked in 3.5[Formula: see text]wt.% NaCl solution for 8[Formula: see text]h, compared with measured at room temperature, the corrosion rate was accelerated greatly and polarity reversal of potential-current was also observed.

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38

Zhang, Li Xin. "Research and Transformation of Rotary Surface Discharge Machining Equipment of Engineering Ceramic." Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (June 2014): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.529.

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This paper introduces a kind of rotary surface processing technique which is realized through installing a main shaft on common digital control wire-electrode cutter to drive rotary workpiece. Then the discharge machining test is conducted to study the surface roughness which is the main factor influences the surface quality, and then it comes to a test conclusion that installing electrode wire restrainer and auxiliary electrode device can improve the machining surface quality of rotary surface discharge. It has also provided the basis for further optimizing machining parameters in later study.

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Gabardo, C. M., R. C. Adams-McGavin, O. M. Vanderfleet, and L. Soleymani. "Rapid prototyping of microfluidic devices with integrated wrinkled gold micro-/nano textured electrodes for electrochemical analysis." Analyst 140, no. 16 (2015): 5781–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5an00774g.

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Fully-integrated electro-fluidic systems with micro-/nano-scale features have a wide range of applications in lab-on-a-chip systems used for biosensing, biological sample processing, and environmental monitoring.

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40

Fang, Xiaolong, Xiangyang Wang, Jiacheng Zhu, Yongbin Zeng, and Ningsong Qu. "Wire Electrochemical Micromachining of Aluminum Rings for the Fabrication of Short-Millimeter Corrugated Horns." Micromachines 11, no. 2 (January 22, 2020): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11020122.

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With the increase of working frequency, the feature size of a corrugated horn will be greatly reduced, causing challenges for fabrication. This paper investigated wire electrochemical micromachining (WECMM) of aluminum rings for assembly of a mandrel for electroforming, which has been a primary method for producing corrugated horns. By utilizing a rotary helical electrode and green additives, the removal efficiency of electrolytic products in WECMM was improved. It was found that the machined slits had good unilateral consistency on the left side of the electrode feeding direction when the electrode rotated clockwise. Complexing agent glutamic diacetic acid (GLDA) can compete with OH− for Al3+ and has an obvious effect in reducing insoluble electrolytic products. From experimental investigations on typical parameters, an optimal parameter combination considering slit homogeneity and machining efficiency was obtained. In an electrolyte solution containing 15 g/L sodium nitrate solution and 15 g/L GLDA, 100 μm-thick aluminum rings with good edge and surface qualities were fabricated at a rate of 1.2 μm/s using a helical electrode with a diameter of 0.3 mm. Finally, these aluminum rings were successfully applied to make an internal corrugated sample with a rib width of 100 μm and a groove depth of 500 μm.

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41

Geng, X. S., Yu Kui Wang, Zhen Long Wang, and De Bin Shan. "Experimental Study of Micro-Electrode Array by Micro-WEDM." Key Engineering Materials 455 (December 2010): 274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.455.274.

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This paper discusses a processing preparation for micro-electrode array fabrication by micro wire electrical discharge machining. Based on a self-developed micro-WEDM machine tool and adopted thin tungsten wire electrode of 30μm in diameter, a series of experiments on micro-electrode array machining are introduced. The relationship between the discharge gap and working area of wire discharge under given voltage is investigated. The examination for micro-girder structure forming process has gone along and the axle journal's minimized width of least micro girder which could not bring on machining flexural thermal deformation has been obtained. The clamping method of work-piece intended for electrode array fabrication is analyzed and a special fixture is designed. The factors affecting forming accuracy are summarized. An amounted 5×5 squared-disk-type micro-electrode array structure with a high aspect ration, namely 20μm in axle journal width and 500μm in length of a single electrode, has been machined successfully.

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42

Vanýsek, Petr. "Impact of electrode geometry, depth of immersion, and size on impedance measurements." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 75, no. 11 (November 1, 1997): 1635–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v97-194.

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Although the platinum electrode is used regularly in the practice of electroanalytical chemistry, there are some caveats that should be considered in experimental design and data interpretation when ac impedance measurements are made. A wire electrode was immersed only partially with the purpose of decreasing its effective area. Impedance was used to study the effect of partial immersion. In the case of an NaOH solution, a good impedance fit was found if a transmission line was added to the equivalent circuit. Transmission line behavior corresponds to the transversal conductivity in the wet, though not immersed, surface. Impedance was further compared for a wire electrode, as well as for short wire electrodes with metal spheres attached to their end. The shorter, predominantly spherical, electrode minimizes impedance artifacts at higher frequencies, thus serving as a better electrode for impedance studies. The change in impedance after depositing platinum black was used to estimate the effective surface area increase. Keywords: electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, platinum, electrode shape, partial immersion, platinum black, sodium hydroxide.

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43

Eguchi, Kei, Farzin Asadi, Akira Shibata, Hiroto Abe, and Ichirou Oota. "Reduction of Inrush Current in a Shockwave Non-Thermal Food Processing System Using an Exponential Clock Pulse Generator." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (July 29, 2020): 6095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156095.

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Recently, shockwave food processing is drawing much attention as a low-cost non-thermal food process technique. In shockwave non-thermal food processing, underwater shockwaves are generated by a high voltage generator. Therefore, high inrush currents and high voltage stress on circuit components significantly reduce the reliability and life expectancy of the circuit. However, to the best of our knowledge, stress reduction techniques and their experimental verification have not been studied yet in the shockwave non-thermal food processing system. In this paper, we propose a stress reduction technique for the shockwave non-thermal food processing system and investigate the effectiveness of the proposed technique experimentally. To achieve high reliability and life expectancy, a new high voltage multiplier with an exponential clock pulse generator is proposed for the shockwave non-thermal food processing system. By slowing down the rate at which the capacitors charge in the high voltage multiplier, the exponential clock pulse generator significantly reduces the inrush current. Furthermore, to perform shockwave non-thermal food processing continuously at a lower voltage level, we present a new electrode with a reset mechanism for wire electric discharge (WED), where a square-shaped metal wire swings on a hinge in the proposed electrode. The proposed electrode enables not only shockwave generation at a lower voltage level but also continuous non-thermal food processing, because the square-shaped metal wire is not melted in the WED process. To confirm the validity of the proposed techniques, some experiments are performed regarding the laboratory prototype of the shockwave non-thermal food processing system. In the performed experiments, reduction of inrush currents and effective food processing are confirmed.

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Watoni, Abdul Haris, Suryo Gandasasmita, Indra Noviandri, and Buchari Buchari. "ELECTROCHEMICAL SYNTHEZIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYPYRROLE FOR DODECYLSULFATE SENSOR MEMBRANE." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 7, no. 3 (June 20, 2010): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21665.

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A conducting polymer, polypyrrole, has been electrochemically synthesized from pyrrole monomer using cyclic voltammetry technique in aqueous solution in the presence of HDS dopant and KNO3 supporting electrolyte. The polymer was deposited on the surface of an Au-wire and the modified electrode obtained was then used as dodecylsulfate (DS-) ion sensor electrode. The best performance PPy-DS modified-Au electrode conditioned in the air system without HDS or SDS solution gave linear potential response for the concentration range of 1.0 x 10-5 - 1.0 x 10-3 M, sensitivity of 54.5 mV/decade, detection limit of 1.0 x 10-5 M, and response time of 23 - 30 second. The electrode showed good selectivity towards other anions, therefore can be used to determine SDS concentration in real samples system without any change of the samples matrix. Keywords: polypyrrole, SDS, cyclic voltammetry

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Hung, Jung-Chou, and Po-Jen Yang. "Electrochemical Microslot Machining by Ultrasonic-Vibration-Aided Electrolyte on Nitinol Wire." Processes 9, no. 10 (September 30, 2021): 1752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9101752.

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In this research, the main purpose was to study the applicability of a machining method on microscale medical-equipment manufacturing. The characteristics of wire electrochemical micromachining (WECMM) against NiTi 50-50 wire was investigated. The study utilized a tungsten wire 0.03 mm in diameter as an electrode to cut a fine slot into the nickel–titanium wire. In order to reach a high-precision WECMM finish, an ultrashort pulse power generator was used as a power source to minimize the stray current effect, thus improving the machining accuracy. During the process, various machining parameters were tested for their effects on machining characteristics. In addition, ultrasonic-vibration-aided WECMM was investigated to determine whether it benefited the machining characteristics. The experiment’s results showed that under such an experiment setting, microslots can be successfully manufactured. Furthermore, with the advance adjustment of experimental parameters, the machining accuracy was improved. Finally, a fine slot was manufactured under the optimum experiment parameters and aided by ultrasonic vibration.

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Zhong, Qingdong. "Wire-beam electrode: a new tool for investigating electrochemical inhomogeneity of oil coatings." Progress in Organic Coatings 30, no. 4 (April 1997): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-9440(97)00004-0.

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Rouhani, Shohre. "Novel Electrochemical Sensor for Sunset Yellow Based on a Platinum Wire–Coated Electrode." Analytical Letters 42, no. 1 (January 20, 2009): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00032710802568630.

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Wang, Shaohua, Di Zhu, Yongbin Zeng, and Yong Liu. "Micro wire electrode electrochemical cutting with low frequency and small amplitude tool vibration." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 53, no. 5-8 (July 21, 2010): 535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-010-2835-8.

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He, Xiao Long, Yu Kui Wang, Zhao Qi Zeng, Zhen Long Wang, and Wan Sheng Zhao. "Electrochemical Machining of Micro Slots Using Shaped Electrode." Advanced Materials Research 497 (April 2012): 315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.497.315.

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In this paper electrochemical machining of micro slots using a shaped electrode instead of the traditional cylindrical electrode is presented. By applying shaped electrode the flow state of processing can be improved. An electrochemical machining (ECM system for meeting the requirements of the ECM process was established and a shaped electrode was fabricated by BEDG (Block Electrical Discharge Grinding). A set of experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of shaped electrode on machining efficiency and shape precision. The results show that the side gap and frontal gap of the micro slots can be reduced and machining speed will be improved when the shaped electrode was used compare with cylindrical electrode.

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TAN, YONG-JUN. "STUDYING NON-UNIFORM ELECTRODEPOSITION USING THE WIRE BEAM ELECTRODE METHOD." International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, no. 01n02 (January 20, 2002): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979202009573.

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Nonuniform electrodeposition is a major concern in almost every practical electrodeposition application. The ablility to control nonuniformity in electrodeposition is the key to successful plating for corrosion resistance, and more especially to meeting the very exacting requirements of electroforming, electrodeposition. This paper presents a novel technique namely the wire beam electrode (WBE) for characterizing and monitoring nonuniform electroplating processes. For the first time, the nonuniform distribution of electroplating currents (NDEC) has been mapped. Preliminary experimental results indicated that electrochemical heterogeneity was the key factor affecting NDEC. The secondary current distribution, rather than the primary current distribution, played a major role in determining the NDEC. This work suggests that the WBE is a practical tool for characterizing and optimizing electrodeposition processes and for verifying the accuracy and completeness of mathematic modelling of electrodeposition processes.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Electrochemical processing by the wire electrode'

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