Journal articles: 'Electrocatalytic performance'

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Zhou, Zhang, Wang, Wang, Xu, Wang, and Liu. "One-Step Hydrothermal Synthesis of P25 @ Few Layered MoS2 Nanosheets toward Enhanced Bi-catalytic Activities: Photocatalysis and Electrocatalysis." Nanomaterials 9, no. 11 (November 18, 2019): 1636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9111636.

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P25 loaded few layered molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets (P25@MoS2) are successfully synthesized through a facile one-step hydrothermal process. The bi-catalytic activities, i.e., photocatalytic and electrocatalytic activities, of the as-prepared nanomaterials have been investigated. For the as-prepared products, the photocatalytic performances were investigated by degrading simulated pollutant under sunlight irradiation, and the hydrogen evolution reaction evaluated the electrocatalytic performances. The results indicate that P25@MoS2 possesses excellent activities in both photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. The presence of MoS2 broadens the light absorption range of P25 and improves the separation and transformation efficiency of photogenerated carriers, thus improving its photocatalytic performance. The existence of P25 inhibits the aggregation of MoS2 to form more dispersed MoS2 nanosheets with only few layers increasing its active sites. Thereby, the electrocatalytic performance is heightened. The excellent multifunction makes the as-prepared P25@MoS2 a promising material in the fields of environment and energy.

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Jiang, Yuanyuan, Kai Dong, Xiaoying Yan, Chuanxia Chen, Pengjuan Ni, Cheng Yang, and Yizhong Lu. "Metal–polydopamine framework-derived (Co)/N-doped carbon hollow nanocubes as efficient oxygen electrocatalysts." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 4, no. 7 (2020): 3370–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0se00548g.

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Hu, Yaojuan, Fengyun He, Changyun Chen, Changli Zhang, and Jingliang Liu. "Facile Controlled Synthesis of Pd-ZnO Nanostructures for Nitrite Detection." Molecules 28, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010099.

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The electrocatalytic characteristics of nanostructures are significantly affected by surface structure. The strict regulation of structural characteristics is highly beneficial for the creation of novel nanocatalysts with enhanced electrocatalytic performance. This work reports a nitrite electrochemical sensor based on novel flower-like Pd-ZnO nanostructures. The Pd-ZnO nanocatalysts were synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method, and their morphology and structure were characterized via field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Their electrocatalytical performance in the nitrite oxidation reaction was studied via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and the amperometric technique. Compared to pure ZnO and Pd nanoparticles, the Pd-ZnO nanostructures exhibited enhanced electrochemical performance in the nitrite oxidation reaction. In order to investigate the relationships between the structures of Pd-ZnO nanocatalysts and the corresponding electrocatalytic performances, different surface morphologies of Pd-ZnO nanocatalysts were fabricated by altering the solution pH. It was found that the flower-like Pd-ZnO nanostructures possessed larger effective surface areas and faster electron transfer rates, resulting in the highest electrocatalytic performance in the nitrite oxidation reaction. The designed nitrite sensor based on flower-like Pd-ZnO displayed a wide concentration linear range of 1 μM–2350 μM, a low detection limit of 0.2 μM (S/N of 3), and high sensitivity of 151.9 μA mM−1 cm−2. Furthermore, the proposed sensor exhibited perfect selectivity, excellent reproducibility, and long-time stability, as well as good performance in real sample detection.

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Huang, Yao, Meiling Song, Cuihua Tian, Yiqiang Wu, Yuyan Li, Ning Yan, and Yan Qing. "Fundamental understanding of electrochemical catalytic performance of carbonized natural wood: wood species and carbonization temperature." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 5, no. 23 (2021): 6077–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1se01259b.

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The pore structure and carbonization temperature of wood have a great influence on the electrocatalytic performance of wood carbon. This work is of great significance for the selection of suitable wood carbon substrate materials for electrocatalysis.

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Chen, Zheng, Zhaoyang Wang, Ying Tian, Zhengkun Li, Zhenhua Ren, Juan Wang, Sufei Liu, Ruozheng Li, and Jilin Teng. "Performance Study and Assessment of Electrocatalytic Treatment of Substation Domestic Sewage." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2401, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2401/1/012044.

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Abstract In China, the power grid construction process is accelerating. At the same time, the requirements for power grid water environment management are also constantly improving. There are a large number of substations and most of them are located in the countryside and surrounded by farmland. Therefore, it is important to treat the domestic sewage of the substation to meet the relevant standards. Recently, electrocatalysis technology has attracted much attention because of its high efficiency and no secondary pollution such as sludge. However, there are few reports on the application and performance evaluation of electrocatalytic treatment of domestic sewage in substations. Therefore, the experimental research aims to treat domestic sewage in substations reaching the corresponding standard. The optimal operating parameters and comprehensive performance assessment of the electrocatalysis technology are investigated, applying iridium-tantalum, ruthenium-iridium, boron-doped diamond anodes, titanium cathodes, and carbon fiber cathodes. The results show that the application of the three anodes can efficiently treat the sewage reaching the corresponding standard, indicating that electrocatalysis is suitable for the treatment of domestic sewage in substations. Moreover, comprehensively considering cost, treatment effect, energy consumption, and reaction temperature, the composite performance of iridium tantalum anode and Ti cathode is the best. In summary, this paper provides a comprehensive study and assessment of the performance of electrocatalytic treatment of domestic sewage in substations, providing theoretical support for the water environment management of power grids.

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Hu, Jing, Adel Al-Salihy, Bin Zhang, Siwei Li, and Ping Xu. "Mastering the D-Band Center of Iron-Series Metal-Based Electrocatalysts for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Water Splitting." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23 (December 6, 2022): 15405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315405.

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The development of non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts with high performance for hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction is highly desirable in advancing electrocatalytic water-splitting technology but proves to be challenging. One promising way to improve the catalytic activity is to tailor the d-band center. This approach can facilitate the adsorption of intermediates and promote the formation of active species on surfaces. This review summarizes the role and development of the d-band center of materials based on iron-series metals used in electrocatalytic water splitting. It mainly focuses on the influence of the change in the d-band centers of different composites of iron-based materials on the performance of electrocatalysis. First, the iron-series compounds that are commonly used in electrocatalytic water splitting are summarized. Then, the main factors affecting the electrocatalytic performances of these materials are described. Furthermore, the relationships among the above factors and the d-band centers of materials based on iron-series metals and the d-band center theory are introduced. Finally, conclusions and perspectives on remaining challenges and future directions are given. Such information can be helpful for adjusting the active centers of catalysts and improving electrochemical efficiencies in future works.

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Li, Dongmei, Wenjie Li, Quan Zhang, Yizhi Wang, Hongyu Lin, Li Feng, Shaoxiu Li, et al. "Generation of active Co(III) and peroxodiphosphate by synergistic electrocatalytic system with phosphate and the mediator cobalt(II) and its degradation performance." Water Science and Technology 83, no. 4 (January 12, 2021): 841–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.017.

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Abstract The promising synergistic electrocatalytic system of phosphate (PO43−) with the mediator cobalt(II) (for short E-Co(II)-PO43−) was employed to degrade cationic dye methylene blue (MB). The exploration in the electrocatalytic process revealed that the main intermediate active oxidation products were Co(III), accompanied with hydroxyl radicals and peroxodiphosphates (P2O84−). Their synergistic electrocatalytic degradation rate to MB and total organic carbon (TOC) was up to 100 and 60% in 40 min, respectively, which was 5 times and 2.6 times that in a direct electrocatalytic system, correspondingly. The degradation process of the E-Co(II)-PO43− system on MB started with the bond being broken at the N-C junction of the MB molecule and intermediate active oxidation substances being generated, such as phenothiazine, 2-amino-5-(N-methylformamide) benzene sulfonic acid and N1,N1-dimethyl-1,4 diaminobenzene. Then, the intermediates were degraded into aniline, phenol and benzene sulfonic acid, and eventually decomposed into inorganic substances like CO2 and water. The electrocatalytic degradation mechanism of E-Co(II)-PO43− system on MB was the combination of indirect oxidation of the intermediate oxidants like Co(III), P2O84− and the hydroxyl radical with direct electrocatalysis on the platinum titanium electrode, where the electrocatalytic oxidation of Co(III) was dominant.

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Elias, Liju, and Ampar Chitharanjan Hegde. "Electrodeposition and Electrocatalytic Study of Ni-W Alloy Coating." Materials Science Forum 830-831 (September 2015): 651–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.830-831.651.

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Electrocatalytically active Ni-W alloy coatings have been developed through compositionally versatile electrodeposition method on copper substrate from tri-sodium citrate bath, using glycerol as the additive. The deposition conditions have been optimized for peak performance of their electrocatalytic behavior, like hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in 1M KOH. Corrosion behaviors of the coatings have also been tested under study conditions of electrocatalysis. Electrocatalytic behaviors were tested by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronopotentiometry techniques. Experimental results demonstrated that Ni-W alloy coatings, deposited at low and high current densities (c. d.) were showing superior performance for OER and HER, respectively. Better electrocatalytic activity for HER with increase of deposition c. d. was attributed by the unique phase structure, surface morphology and chemical composition of the coatings, confirmed by XRD, SEM and EDX analysis. The dependency of coating thickness and hardness on HER and OER were analyzed, and results are discussed.

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Huang, Aijian, and Zhiguo Wang. "Unveiling the HER and ORR activity origin of isolated Co sites supported on N-doped carbon." MATEC Web of Conferences 363 (2022): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202236301001.

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Electrocatalysis plays very important role in clean energy conversion. In which, developing high active and robust electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are highly crucial and challenging. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the Gibbs free energy diagrams and electronic structure of N-graphene, Ir-N4 and Co-N4 are investigated in this work. The results show that Co-N4 have the appropriate H adsorption and lower ORR overpotentials, which gives expectation of high multifunctional electrocatalytic performance. This theoretical study provides vital insights into the enhanced electrocatalytic mechanism of Co sites supported on N-doped carbon.

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Lei, Xin, Bo Liu, Payam Ahmadian Koudakan, Hongge Pan, Yitai Qian, and Gongming Wang. "Single-atom catalyst cathodes for lithium–oxygen batteries: a review." Nano Futures 6, no. 1 (February 4, 2022): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2399-1984/ac3ec1.

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Abstract Recently, single-atom catalysts (SACs) have been found to be promising candidates for oxygen electrocatalysis in rechargeable lithium–oxygen batteries (LOBs) owing to their high oxygen electrocatalytic activity and high stability, which originates from their unique coordination environments and electronic properties. As a new type of catalyst for LOBs, the advancements have never been reviewed and discussed comprehensively. Herein, breakthroughs in the design of various types of SACs as cathode catalysts for LOBs are summarized, including Co-based, Ru-based, and other types of SACs. Moreover, considerable emphasis is placed on the correlations between the structural feature of the SAC active sites and the electrocatalytic performance of LOBs. Finally, an overview and challenges of SACs for practical LOBs are also provided. This review provides an intensive understanding of SACs for designing efficient oxygen electrocatalysis and offers useful guidelines for the development of SACs in the field of LOBs.

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Co, Thanh Thien, Thi Thanh Thao Pham, Thi Kieu Chinh Pham, Thi Duyen Diep, Le Thanh Nguyen Huynh, and Viet Hai Le. "Preparation of Carbon-Supported Ternary Nanocatalysts Palladium-Vanadium-Cobalt for Alcohol Electrooxidation." Journal of Chemistry 2020 (August 26, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6027613.

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Carbon-supported nanocatalysts palladium-vanadium-cobalt (PdVCo) were synthesized via ethylene glycol (EG) reduction reaction and NaBH4-assisted reduction. The electrocatalytic performance for alcohol oxidation in alkaline solutions was investigated. The XRD and EDX results confirmed the incorporation of V and Co with Pd lattice to form the ternary nanocatalysts PdVCo in a single phase. The NaBH4-assisted EG reduction process exhibited highly dispersed nanoparticles with a uniform size, and the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) determined by cyclic voltammetry in 1 M KOH was also superior. In electrocatalysis performance, the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) results presented an excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability of the PdVCo-20EG-20NaBH4 sample in the alcohol electrooxidation as compared to other synthesized samples with the steady current of 52 mA/cm2 and 21.9 mA/cm2 in methanol and ethanol, respectively.

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Zhu, Qiong, Jinchen Fan, Ying Tao, Huan Shang, Jingcheng Xu, Dieqing Zhang, Guisheng Li, and Hexing Li. "Photo-coupled electrocatalytic oxygen reduction to hydrogen peroxide using metal-free CNT-threaded oxidized g-C3N4." Energy Materials 2, no. 4 (2022): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/energymater.2022.33.

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Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been widely used in environmental cleaning, hospital disinfecting and chemical engineering. Compared to the traditional anthraquinone oxidation method, the electrocatalytic two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e-ORR) to produce H2O2 has become a promising alternative due to its green, safety and reliability. However, its industrial application is still limited by the slow reaction kinetics and low selectivity due to the competitive reaction of the 4e-ORR to H2O. Herein, we prepare a novel photoresponsive metal-free electrocatalyst based on oxidized g-C3N4/carbon nanotubes (OCN/CNTs) and introduce an external light field to realize the high-performance electrocatalytic 2e-ORR to produce H2O2. Impressively, the OCN/CNT electrocatalyst exhibits an outstanding H2O2 productivity of 30.7 mmol/gcat/h with a high faradaic H2O2 efficiency of 95%. The oxygen-containing groups of the OCN/CNTs promote the adsorption of oxygen intermediates and the photo-coupled electrocatalysis simultaneously improves the electron transport efficiency and enhances the electrocatalytic selectivity.

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Shahid, Muhammad, Hafiz Muhammad Asif Javed, Muhammad Irfan Ahmad, Akbar Ali Qureshi, Muhammad Ijaz Khan, Maha Abdallah Alnuwaiser, Arslan Ahmed, et al. "A Brief Assessment on Recent Developments in Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction with 2D Non-Metallic Nanomaterials." Nanomaterials 12, no. 19 (September 29, 2022): 3413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12193413.

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In recent years, the synthesis of ammonia (NH3) has been developed by electrocatalytic technology that is a potential way to effectively replace the Haber–Bosch process, which is an industrial synthesis of NH3. Industrial ammonia has caused a series of problems for the population and environment. In the face of sustainable green synthesis methods, the advantages of electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction for synthesis of NH3 in aqueous media have attracted a great amount of attention from researchers. This review summarizes the recent progress on the highly efficient electrocatalysts based on 2D non-metallic nanomaterial and provides a brief overview of the synthesis principle of electrocatalysis and the performance measurement indicators of electrocatalysts. Moreover, the current development of N2 reduction reaction (NRR) electrocatalyst is discussed and prospected.

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Liu, Bao Gang, Jun Mu, Yang Gao, Quan Tong Jiang, and Da Xiong Wu. "Preparation and Electrocatalytic Performance of Ag/Graphene Nanocomposite." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 1059–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.1059.

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Ag/graphene nanocomposites were prepared by the reduction of silver acetate (CH3COOAg)/graphene oxide with hydrazine gas. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The electrocatalytic activities of the synthesized samples for hydrazine and formaldehyde oxidation were also investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The results show that Ag/graphene nanocomposites can be prepared by this novel and simple process. The samples present high electrocatalytic activity for hydrazine and formaldehyde oxidation.

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Sung, Yung-Eun, Heejong Shin, and Jae Jeong Kim. "(Digital Presentation) Design of Metal/Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Highly Active, Selective, and Durable Electrocatalysts." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 42 (October 9, 2022): 1553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02421553mtgabs.

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Electrocatalysis is a key part of renewable energy conversion in the future energy system. Sustainable energy conversion and chemical production require catalyst structure with high activity, durability, and product selectivity. In general, nanoscale electrocatalysts suffer various degradation phenomena during electrocatalysis, which leads to critical performance loss. Recently, the various hybrid nanostructures (such as ordered structure, metal/carbon encapsulation, or metal/metal oxide) have been highly investigated to achieve promising catalytic performances and enhanced stabilities. In this presentation, we will cover three different types of nanomaterials as highly active and stable electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). First, the alloy nanoparticles with ordered structures exhibit novel catalytic properties from their unique electronic and geometric structures. In particular, Pt alloys with atomically ordered crystal structures have been found to largely improve both electrocatalytic activity and stability for ORR through increased electronic interaction between Pt and other transition metals. Similarly, we recently demonstrated that well-controlled Co-, Mn- and Fe-based ternary or binary oxide nanocatalysts have an exceptionally high ORR activity, in addition to the promising electrocatalytic stability. Therefore, it is very important to synthesize well-ordered alloy nanocrystals to obtain highly durable and active electrocatalysts with respect to their structural and compositional properties. Second, we will show the strategic employment of carbon shells on electrocatalyst surfaces to enhance stability in the electrochemical process. Carbon shells can beneficially shield catalyst surfaces from electrochemical degradation and physical agglomeration. Thus carbon shells can effectively preserve the initial active site structure during electrocatalysis. The carbon shell also provides a confined environment at interfaces, enabling unconventional electrochemical behaviors. Finally, we will suggest an effective strategy to construct metal/oxide interfaces, precisely modulating the metal/oxide interfacial interactions in the nanoscale. By controlling the interface and strain effect on catalytic activity, we can achieve high active and stable metal oxide systems for ORR. We would like to describe the details of the above results, for investigating structure-activity relationships in electrocatalytic processes. Only when we start to comprehend the fundamentals behind electrocatalysis on the structure and interface of metal/metal oxide nanocrystals, they can be further advanced to be sustainable in long-term device operation.

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Wang, Hongjing, Songliang Liu, Hugang Zhang, Shuli Yin, You Xu, Xiaonian Li, Ziqiang Wang, and Liang Wang. "Multinary PtPdNiP truncated octahedral mesoporous nanocages for enhanced methanol oxidation electrocatalysis." New Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 36 (2020): 15492–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nj03369c.

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Sreenivasan, Sreeprasad T. "Magnetism to Engineer Electrocatalyst and Device Performances." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 46 (October 9, 2022): 1720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02461720mtgabs.

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Electrocatalytic devices such as fuel cells and redox flow batteries emerged as an appealing platform for renewable energy applications. The application of magnetic field to electrochemical systems, through diverse mechanisms, demonstrated good potential to enhance the efficacy of the energy-relevant electrocatalytic reactions. This talk will discuss some of our results in magnetic field-assisted enhancement in the electrocatalytic activity of molecular and network catalysts. The magnetic field-assisted enhancement in the performance of electrocatalytic devices and its fundamentals unraveled through a combined experimental-theoretical exploration and diverse microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, including electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), will be presented.

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Jia, Jingwen, Longfu Wei, Ziting Guo, Fang Li, Changlin Yu, and Tongxiang Liang. "In-situ controlled synthesis of NiFe MOF materials with excellent electrocatalytic performances for water splitting." Functional Materials Letters 14, no. 02 (February 2021): 2151011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604721510115.

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Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are the electrocatalytic materials with large specific surface area, high porosity, controllable structure and monodisperse active center, which is a promising candidate for the application of electrochemical energy conversion. However, the electrocatalytic performance of pure MOFs is seriously limited its poor conductivity and stability. In this work, high-performance electrocatalyst was fabricated through combining NiFe/MOF on nickel foam (NF) via in-situ growth strategy. Through rational control of the time and ratio in reaction precursors, we realized the effective manipulation of the growth behavior, and further investigated the electrocatalytic performance in water splitting. The catalyst presented excellent electrocatalytic performance for water splitting, with low overpotential of 260 mV in alkaline condition at a current density of 50 mA[Formula: see text], which is benefited from the large specific surface area and active sites. This study demonstrates that the rational design of NiFe MOF/NF plays a significant role in high-performance electrocatalyst.

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Warczak, Magdalena, Marianna Gniadek, Kamil Hermanowski, and Magdalena Osial. "Well-defined polyindole–Au NPs nanobrush as a platform for electrochemical oxidation of ethanol." Pure and Applied Chemistry 93, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 497–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2020-1101.

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Abstract Over the recent decades, conducting polymers have received great interest in many fields including microelectronics, energy conversion devices, and biosensing due to their unique properties like electrical conductivity, stability, and simple synthesis. Modification of conducting polymers with noble metals e.g. gold enhances their properties and opens new opportunities to also apply them in other fields like electrocatalysis. Here, we focus on the synthesis of hybrid material based on polyindole (PIN) nanobrush modified with gold nanoparticles and its application towards electrooxidation of ethanol. The paper presents systematic studies from synthesis to electrochemical sensing applications. For the characterization of PIN–Au composites, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses were used. The electrocatalytic performance of the proposed hybrid material towards alcohol oxidation was studied in alkaline media by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The results show that PIN–Au hybrid can be employed as an effective and sensitive platform for the detection of alcohols, which makes it a promising material in electrocatalysis or sensors. Moreover, the proposed composite exhibits electrocatalytic activity towards ethanol oxidation, which combined with its good long-term stability opens the opportunity for its application in fuel cells.

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Wang, Dejun, Hui Li, Xiren Jiang, Chaocheng Zhao, and Yuhui Zhao. "Comparison of Three Catalytic Processes in Degradation of HPAM by tBu-TPyzPzCo." Catalysts 11, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11020181.

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The present study describes a two-step synthesis process for the cobalt complex of tetra-2,3-(5,6-di-tert-butyl-pyrazino) porphyrazine (tBu-TPyzPzCo). The product was ultrasonically impregnated onto carbon black (CB) to prepare a supported catalyst (tBu-TPyzPzCo/CB). We built a split photoelectric catalytic device to test the performance of photocatalytic, electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic degradation of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM). The results confirm that HPAM exhibited more efficient degradation in the presence of a supporting catalyst using the photoelectrocatalytic process than by photocatalytic or electrocatalytic oxidation—or even the sum of the two in saline water. The photoelectrocatalytic reaction confirmed that the process conforms to quasi-first order reaction kinetics, while the reaction rate constants were 6.03 times that of photocatalysis and 3.97 times that of electrocatalysis. We also compared the energy consumption of the three processes and found that the photoelectrocatalytic process has the highest energy efficiency.

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Zhang, Chenhao, and Liming Dai. "Targeted Defect Synthesis for Improved Electrocatalytic Performance." Chem 6, no. 8 (August 2020): 1849–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2020.07.018.

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Xu, Caixia, Aihua Liu, Huajun Qiu, and Yunqing Liu. "Nanoporous PdCu alloy with enhanced electrocatalytic performance." Electrochemistry Communications 13, no. 8 (August 2011): 766–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2011.04.007.

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Zhu, Jiayin, Ran Zhang, Liye Zhu, Xuan Liu, Tiying Zhu, Ziang Guo, and Yan Zhao. "Laser-assisted synthesis of Au aerogel with high-index facets for ethanol oxidation." Nanotechnology 33, no. 22 (March 10, 2022): 225404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac56bc.

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Abstract Gold (Au) can be used as an ideal metal electrocatalyst for ethanol and glucose oxidation reactions due to its high performance-to-cost ratio. In this paper, the Au aerogel with high-index facets was synthesized by using the laser ablation in liquid technology, which can improve the electrocatalytic activity of Au. The as-prepared Au aerogel showed excellent mass activity and specific activity toward ethanol oxidation reaction, which are 4.6 times and 2.1 times higher than Au/C, respectively. The 3D porous nature and rich defect of the Au aerogel provide more active sites. In addition, the high-index facets with under-coordinated atoms enhance the adsorption of ethanol and glucose molecules, thus improving the intrinsic catalytic activity of Au aerogel. The effect of high-index facets has also been investigated by density functional theory calculations. Furthermore, the Au aerogels also show good electrocatalytic activity and stability toward glucose oxidation reaction. These results are conducive to promote the practical application of Au in electrocatalysis.

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Wordsworth, Johanna, Tania M. Benedetti, Ali Alinezhad, Richard D. Tilley, Martin A. Edwards, Wolfgang Schuhmann, and J. Justin Gooding. "The importance of nanoscale confinement to electrocatalytic performance." Chemical Science 11, no. 5 (2020): 1233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9sc05611d.

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Nanoparticles mimicking the three-dimensional architecture of enzymes where the reaction occurs down a channel isolated from bulk solution, referred here as nanozymes, were used to explore the impact of nano-confinement on electrocatalytic reactions.

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Qi, Jing, Tianli Wu, Mengyao Xu, Dan Zhou, and Zhubing Xiao. "Electronic Structure and d-Band Center Control Engineering over Ni-Doped CoP3 Nanowall Arrays for Boosting Hydrogen Production." Nanomaterials 11, no. 6 (June 17, 2021): 1595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061595.

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To address the challenge of highly efficient water splitting into H2, successful fabrication of novel porous three-dimensional Ni-doped CoP3 nanowall arrays on carbon cloth was realized, resulting in an effective self-supported electrode for the electrocatalytic hydrogen-evolution reaction. The synthesized samples exhibit rough, curly, and porous structures, which are beneficial for gaseous transfer and diffusion during the electrocatalytic process. As expected, the obtained Ni-doped CoP3 nanowall arrays with a doping concentration of 7% exhibit the promoted electrocatalytic activity. The achieved overpotentials of 176 mV for the hydrogen-evolution reaction afford a current density of 100 mA cm−2, which indicates that electrocatalytic performance can be dramatically enhanced via Ni doping. The Ni-doped CoP3 electrocatalysts with increasing catalytic activity should have significant potential in the field of water splitting into H2. This study also opens an avenue for further enhancement of electrocatalytic performance through tuning of electronic structure and d-band center by doping.

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Chen, Dong, Penglei Cui, Hongyan He, Hui Liu, Feng Ye, and Jun Yang. "Carbon-supported hollow palladium nanoparticles with enhanced electrocatalytic performance." RSC Advances 5, no. 15 (2015): 10944–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra14353a.

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Kim, Jin Hee, Jong Hun Han, Jae-Hyung Wee, Go Bong Choi, Seungki Hong, and Yoong Ahm Kim. "Importance of Doping Sequence in Multiple Heteroatom-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysts." Applied Nano 2, no. 3 (September 7, 2021): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applnano2030019.

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Multiple heteroatom-doped graphene is of great interest for developing an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). To maximize the electrocatalytic performance of doped graphene, the competitive doping mechanism caused by the different atomic sizes of dopants should be developed. Herein, three different heteroatoms (e.g., N, P and B) are competitively introduced into reduced graphene oxide (RGO) using both single- and two-step processes. The total quantity of heteroatoms for ternary RGO synthesized using the two-step process is lower than that when using the single-step process. Higher ORR electrocatalytic activity for the two-step-synthesized RGO compared to the single-step-synthesized RGO can be explained by: (a) a high amount of P atoms; (b) the fact that B doping itself decreases the less electrocatalytic N moieties such as pyrrole and pyridine and increases the high electrocatalytic moieties such as quaternary N; (c) a high amount of B atoms itself within the RGO act as an electrocatalytic active center for O2 adsorption; and (d) a small amount of substitutional B might increase the electrical conductivity of RGO. Our findings provide new insights into the design of heteroatom-doped carbon materials with excellent electrocatalytic performance.

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Meng, Chao, Xiaodong Chen, Yuanfeng Gao, Qianqian Zhao, Deqiang Kong, Mengchang Lin, Xuemin Chen, Yuxia Li, and Yue Zhou. "Recent Modification Strategies of MoS2 for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution." Molecules 25, no. 5 (March 3, 2020): 1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051136.

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Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been recognized as one of the most promising catalysts to replace Pt for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysis because of the elemental abundance, excellent catalytic potential, and stability. However, its HER efficiency is still below that of Pt. Recent research advances have revealed that the modification of pristine MoS2 is a very effective approach to boost its HER performance, including improving the intrinsic activity of sites, increasing the number of edges, and enhancing the electrical conductivity. In this review, we focus on the recent progress on the modification strategies of MoS2 for enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Moreover, some urgent challenges in this field are also discussed to realize the large-scale application of the modified-MoS2 catalysts in industry.

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Ding, Yan, Wenda Zhou, Xingfang Luo, Jinli Huang, Dongquan Peng, Mingyue Chen, Hang Zhou, Ce Hu, and Cailei Yuan. "Magnetic heating enhancement for oxygen evolution reaction on confined CoSe₂ nanoparticles by alternating magnetic field." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 9 (August 29, 2022): 093901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0106582.

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Localized magnetic heating in magnetic nanoparticles caused by an alternating magnetic field (AMF) can facilitate electrocatalytic reactions, which has become an emerging strategy to further enhance overall efficiency of catalysts and frontier in an electrocatalysis field. However, the investigation of AMF-assisted electrocatalysis is still in its infancy, and how to efficiently utilize magnetic heating in magnetic nanoparticles to boost electrocatalysis reactions is in great demand. In this work, a feasible design is proposed by using Néel relaxation, efficient local heating generated in superparamagnetic CoSe2 nanoparticles confined in an amorphous carbon matrix by AMF leading to improved catalytic performance. The rapid oxygen evolution reaction enhancement of CoSe2 nanoparticles responses to switched on/off AMF, indicating that the localized magnetic heating is generated in catalysts by Néel relaxation with magnetic moments of nanoparticles rapidly flipping under AMF. Our work inspires insight to design AMF-assisted electrocatalysts and inject power into the field of electrocatalysis.

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Sha, Qiqi, Jianrong Wang, Yizhong Lu, and Zhenlu Zhao. "Polyaniline@MOF fiber derived Fe–Co oxide-based high performance electrocatalyst." New Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 1 (2021): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nj05423b.

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Pankratov, Dmitry, Richard Sundberg, Javier Sotres, Dmitry B. Suyatin, Ivan Maximov, Sergey Shleev, and Lars Montelius. "Scalable, high performance, enzymatic cathodes based on nanoimprint lithography." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 6 (June 22, 2015): 1377–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.6.142.

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Here we detail high performance, enzymatic electrodes for oxygen bio-electroreduction, which can be easily and reproducibly fabricated with industry-scale throughput. Planar and nanostructured electrodes were built on biocompatible, flexible polymer sheets, while nanoimprint lithography was used for electrode nanostructuring. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first reports concerning the usage of nanoimprint lithography for amperometric bioelectronic devices. The enzyme (Myrothecium verrucaria bilirubin oxidase) was immobilised on planar (control) and artificially nanostructured, gold electrodes by direct physical adsorption. The detailed electrochemical investigation of bioelectrodes was performed and the following parameters were obtained: open circuit voltage of approximately 0.75 V, and maximum bio-electrocatalytic current densities of 18 µA/cm2 and 58 µA/cm2 in air-saturated buffers versus 48 µA/cm2 and 186 µA/cm2 in oxygen-saturated buffers for planar and nanostructured electrodes, respectively. The half-deactivation times of planar and nanostructured biocathodes were measured to be 2 h and 14 h, respectively. The comparison of standard heterogeneous and bio-electrocatalytic rate constants showed that the improved bio-electrocatalytic performance of the nanostructured biocathodes compared to planar biodevices is due to the increased surface area of the nanostructured electrodes, whereas their improved operational stability is attributed to stabilisation of the enzyme inside nanocavities.

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Violeta Jevtovic, Violeta Jevtovic, Khalaf M. Alenezi Khalaf M Alenezi, Hani El Moll Hani El Moll, Ashanul Haque Ashanul Haque, and Salma A. Al Zahrani Jamal Humaidi and Dragoslav Vidovic Salma A Al Zahrani Jamal Humaidi and Dragoslav Vidovic. "Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Performance of Co(II) and Co(III) Complexes Based on pyridoxal (thio)semicarbazones." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 43, no. 6 (2021): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000965/jcsp/43.06.2021.

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Finding a renewable, cleaner and inexpensive source of energy has been a momentous challenge to the researchers. Among others, one intriguing solution is molecular H2 which is considered as an ideal energy source for the future needs. Obtaining H2 is extremely appealing but difficult to achieve. One of the most viable solutions is the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this paper, we presented electrocatalytic HER performances of pyridoxal-semi carbazone (PLSC) and pyridoxal S-methyl-iso-thiosemicarbazone (PLITSC) stabilized Co(II) and Co(III) complexes, i.e. ([Co(PLSC)(SO4)(H2O)2], 1) and [Co(PLITSC-H)(PLITSC-2H)].CH3OH, 2)). Both complexes catalyzed the HER in acidic media while complex 2 was found to be more active than complex 1.

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Zhou, Yan, Xinping Yu, Fengchao Sun, and Jun Zhang. "MoP supported on reduced graphene oxide for high performance electrochemical nitrogen reduction." Dalton Transactions 49, no. 4 (2020): 988–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9dt04441h.

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Zhang, Yingchun, Changsheng Cao, Xin-Tao Wu, and Qi-Long Zhu. "Three-dimensional porous copper-decorated bismuth-based nanofoam for boosting the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 8, no. 10 (2021): 2461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qi00065a.

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A Cu-decorated Bi/Bi₂O₃ nanofoam with a 3D porous network structure was assembled, which exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance toward electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction owing to the optimized morphology and electronic structure.

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35

Chang, Fangfang, Juncai Wei, Qing Zhang, Zhichao Jia, Yongpeng Liu, Lin Yang, Xiaolei Wang, and Zhengyu Bai. "Modulating the multiple intrinsic properties of platinum–iron alloy nanowires towards enhancing collaborative electrocatalysis." Materials Chemistry Frontiers 5, no. 23 (2021): 8118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qm01136g.

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The electrocatalytic properties of an alloy can be effectively controlled by adjusting their inherent physical and chemical performance (compositions, lattice strain, facets, etc.) to provide a better surface structure and compositions for efficient electrocatalytic reactions in the cathode and anode of fuel cells.

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Abe, Hideki, Futoshi Matsumoto, Laif R. Alden, Scott C. Warren, Héctor D. Abruña, and Francis J. DiSalvo. "Electrocatalytic Performance of Fuel Oxidation by Pt3Ti Nanoparticles." Journal of the American Chemical Society 130, no. 16 (April 2008): 5452–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja075061c.

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Voiry, Damien, Manish Chhowalla, Yury Gogotsi, Nicholas A. Kotov, Yan Li, Reginald M. Penner, Raymond E. Schaak, and Paul S. Weiss. "Best Practices for Reporting Electrocatalytic Performance of Nanomaterials." ACS Nano 12, no. 10 (October 23, 2018): 9635–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b07700.

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Xu, Caixia, Liqin Wang, Rongyue Wang, Kai Wang, Yan Zhang, Fang Tian, and Yi Ding. "Nanotubular Mesoporous Bimetallic Nanostructures with Enhanced Electrocatalytic Performance." Advanced Materials 21, no. 21 (June 5, 2009): 2165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200702700.

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Yan, Xiao Yun, Feng Wu Wang, Mai Xu, and Bo Xu. "Electro-Catalytic Reduction Performance of La-Doped Nano-TiO₂ Electrode." Advanced Materials Research 721 (July 2013): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.721.41.

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Homogeneous and transparent lanthanum La-doped TiO2 nanocrystalline thin films were deposited on pure titanium substrates by sol gel dip coating method. The surface structures, morphologies and electrocatalytic activities of the prepared nano-TiO2 film electrodes were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results demonstrated that the optimum molar proportion of La was 0.5%. This optimum La-nanoTiO2 electrode (Ti/0.5%La nano-TiO2) showed a higher electrocatalytic activity than the undoped nano-TiO2 electrode (Ti/nano-TiO2)

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Feng, Yan, Caixia Wang, Feng Ye, Hui Liu, and Jun Yang. "Effect of electronic coupling on the electrocatalytic performance of platinum metal." RSC Advances 6, no. 84 (2016): 80910–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra16626a.

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Zou, Yiming, Ronn Goei, Su-Ann Ong, Amanda Jiamin ONG, Jingfeng Huang, and Alfred Iing Yoong TOK. "Development of Core-Shell Rh@Pt and Rh@Ir Nanoparticle Thin Film Using Atomic Layer Deposition for HER Electrocatalysis Applications." Processes 10, no. 5 (May 18, 2022): 1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10051008.

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The efficiency of hydrogen gas generation via electrochemical water splitting has been mostly limited by the availability of electrocatalyst materials that require lower overpotentials during the redox reaction. Noble metals have been used extensively as electrocatalysts due to their high activity and low overpotentials. However, the use of single noble metal electrocatalyst is limited due to atomic aggregation caused by its inherent high surface energy, which results in poor structural stability, and, hence, poor electrocatalytic performance and long-term stability. In addition, using noble metals as electrocatalysts also causes the cost to be unnecessarily high. These limitations in noble metal electrocatalysts could be enhanced by combining two noble metals in a core-shell structure (e.g., Rh@Ir) as a thin film over a base substrate. This could significantly enhance electrocatalytic activity due to the following: (1) the modification of the electronic structure, which increases electrical conductivity; (2) the optimization of the adsorption energy; and (3) the introduction of new active sites in the core-shell noble metal structure. The current state-of-the-art employs physical vapor deposition (PVD) or other deposition techniques to fabricate core-shell noble metals on flat 2D substrates. This method does not allow 3D substrates with high surface areas to be used. In the present work, atomic layer deposition (ALD) was used to fabricate nanoparticle thin films of Rh@Ir and Rh@Pt in a core-shell structure on glassy carbon electrodes. ALD enables the fabrication of nanoparticle thin film on three-dimensional substrates (a 2D functional film on a 3D substrate), resulting in a significantly increased surface area for a catalytic reaction to take place; hence, improving the performance of electrocatalysis. The Rh@Pt (with an overpotential of 139 mV and a Tafel slope of 84.8 mV/dec) and Rh@Ir (with an overpotential of 169 mV and a Tafel slope of 112 mV/dec) core-shell electrocatalyst exhibited a better electrocatalytic performances compared to the single metal Rh electrocatalyst (with an overpotential of 300 mV and a Tafel slope of 190 mV/dec). These represented a 54% and a 44% improvement in performance, respectively, illustrating the advantages of core-shell thin film nanostructures in enhancing the catalytic performance of an electrocatalyst. Both electrocatalysts also exhibited good long-term stability in the harsh acidic electrolyte conditions when subjected to chronopotentiometry studies.

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Liang, Yanxia, Yingjun Sun, Xinyu Wang, Engang Fu, Jian Zhang, Jinlong Du, Xiaodong Wen, and Shaojun Guo. "High electrocatalytic performance inspired by crystalline/amorphous interface in PtPb nanoplate." Nanoscale 10, no. 24 (2018): 11357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr02527d.

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Li, Ye, Dan Zhao, Yue Shi, Zhicheng Sun, and Ruping Liu. "Role of Co in the Electrocatalytic Activity of Monolayer Ternary NiFeCo-Double Hydroxide Nanosheets for Oxygen Evolution Reaction." Materials 14, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14010207.

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Monolayer nanosheets have gained significant attention as functional materials and also in photo/electrocatalysis due to their unique physical/chemical properties, abundance of highly exposed coordination sites, edges, and corner sites, motivating the pursuit of highly active monolayer nanosheets. NiFe-based layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) nanosheets have been regarded as the most efficient electrocatalysis for oxygen evolution. However, the limited catalytic active site and the stacking layer limited the performance. Therefore, by introducing highly electroactive Co ions into monolayer NiFe-LDH, the obtained ternary NiFeCo-LDH monolayer structure possessed an increased concentration of defect (oxygen and metal vacancies), providing enough unsaturated coordination sites, benefitting the electrocatalytic water oxidation, as also explained by the density functional theory (DFT). This work reported an efficient strategy for the synthesis of ternary monolayer LDH in the application of energy conversion and storage.

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Ma, Jiangping, Xin Xiong, Chaogang Ban, Kaiwen Wang, Ji-Yan Dai, and Xiaoyuan Zhou. "Ultrasound-triggered sonocatalytic reduction of CO₂ via H₂Ti₃O₇ nanowires." Applied Physics Letters 121, no. 26 (December 26, 2022): 263901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0130990.

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Ultrasound-stimulated piezo-electrocatalysis has been studied for a period; however, the mechanism is still unclear mainly due to the coexistence with other multiple effects like sonocatalysis, which was usually ignored. In this work, with the non-piezoelectric H2Ti3O7 nanowires following the same experimental process in piezo-electrocatalysis, the sonocatalytic reduction performance of CO2 is investigated. By applying vibration under the excitation of ultrasound with various frequencies and powers, it is found that CO is the ultimate product with a selectivity of 100%, and the optimal CO yield of 8.3 μmol g−1 h−1 is achieved with the addition of sacrificial agents. The H2Ti3O7 catalysts are also found to present a good recycling utilization ability. This work indicates that the sonocatalysis effect may exist in the piezo-electrocatalytic process using the ultrasonic excitation, which is suggested to be taken into consideration when exploring the mechanism of piezo-electrocatalysis in the future.

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Jiang, Kun, Samira Siahrostami, Tingting Zheng, Yongfeng Hu, Sooyeon Hwang, Eli Stavitski, Yande Peng, et al. "Isolated Ni single atoms in graphene nanosheets for high-performance CO2 reduction." Energy & Environmental Science 11, no. 4 (2018): 893–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ee03245e.

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Yu, Zhipeng, Junyuan Xu, Siquan Feng, Xiangen Song, Oleksandr Bondarchuk, Joaquim L. Faria, Yunjie Ding, and Lifeng Liu. "Rhodium single-atom catalysts with enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance." New Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 13 (2021): 5770–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nj00210d.

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Rhodium (Rh) single-atom catalysts supported on activated carbon (Rh₁/AC) are prepared via a “top-down” chemical reaction-induced dispersion process and show outstanding electrocatalytic performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction.

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47

Huang, Jiguo, Haitao Chen, Shuo Pang, Gang Liu, Huanyu Cui, Lili Dong, and Xingjuan Liu. "Preparation and Electrocatalytic Performance of Bi-Modified Quartz Column Particle Electrode for Phenol Degradation." Journal of Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/812752.

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Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and its composites have good electrocatalytic performance. Quartz column is a good kind of catalyst carrier with the characteristics of high mechanical strength and good stability. A novel Bi-modified quartz column particle electrode (BQP) was prepared by the dipping-calcination method. The characterization results revealed that Bi2O3was successfully loaded on quartz column. The optimum preparation condition was calcining at 550°C for 4 h. Electrocatalytic performance was evaluated by the degradation of phenol and the results indicated that the triclinic phase of Bi2O3showed the best electrocatalytic property. Besides, when the dosage concentration of the particle electrode was 125 g/L and the electrolytic voltage was 12 V, the degradation rate of phenol (200 mg/L) reached the highest (94.25%), compared with 70.00% of that in two-dimensional (2D) system. In addition, the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was 75.50%, compared with 53.30% of that in 2D system. The reusability and regeneration of BQP were investigated and the results were good. Mechanism of enhanced electrochemical oxidation by BQP was evaluated by the capture of hydroxyl radical.

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Li, Yinghao, Hongjie Yu, Ziqiang Wang, Songliang Liu, You Xu, Xiaonian Li, Liang Wang, and Hongjing Wang. "Boron-doped silver nanosponges with enhanced performance towards electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia." Chemical Communications 55, no. 98 (2019): 14745–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc07232b.

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Leong, Shi Xuan, Carmen C. Mayorga-Martinez, Zdeněk Sofer, Jan Luxa, Shu Min Tan, and Martin Pumera. "A study of the effect of sonication time on the catalytic performance of layered WS2 from various sources." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 4 (2017): 2768–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp07385a.

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Chen, Ming, Yu Jiang, Ping Mei, Yan Zhang, Xianfeng Zheng, Wei Xiao, Qinliang You, Xuemin Yan, and Haolin Tang. "Polyacrylamide Microspheres-Derived Fe3C@N-doped Carbon Nanospheres as Efficient Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction." Polymers 11, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11050767.

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High-performance non-precious metal catalysts exhibit high electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen-reduction reaction (ORR), which is indispensable for facilitating the development of multifarious renewable energy systems. In this work; N-doped carbon-encapsulated Fe3C nanosphere ORR catalysts were prepared through simple carbonization of iron precursors loaded with polyacrylamide microspheres. The effect of iron precursors loading on the electrocatalytic activity for ORR was investigated in detail. The electrochemical measurements revealed that the N-doped carbon-encapsulated Fe3C nanospheres exhibited outstanding electrocatalytic activity for ORR in alkaline solutions. The optimized catalyst possessed more positive onset potential (0.94 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)), higher diffusion limiting current (5.78 mA cm−2), better selectivity (the transferred electron number n > 3.98 at 0.19 V vs. RHE) and higher durability towards ORR than a commercial Pt/C catalyst. The efficient electrocatalytic performance towards ORR can be attributed to the synergistic effect between N-doped carbon and Fe3C as catalytic active sites; and the excellent stability results from the core-shell structure of the catalysts.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Electrocatalytic performance'

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