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Journal articles on the topic 'Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Peiris, M. C. R., and M. Y. Udugala-Ganehenege. "Electrocatalytic Activity of (Bis(salicylaldehyde)ethylenediamino)Ni(II) Complex for CO2 Reduction." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 7, no. 2 (2015): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijesd.2016.v7.747.

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2

Kumagai, Hiromu, Tetsuya Nishikawa, Hiroki Koizumi, Taiki Yatsu, Go Sahara, Yasuomi Yamazaki, Yusuke Tamaki, and Osamu Ishitani. "Electrocatalytic reduction of low concentration CO2." Chemical Science 10, no. 6 (2019): 1597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sc04124e.

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3

Li, Qian, Yu-Chao Wang, Jian Zeng, Xin Zhao, Chen Chen, Qiu-Mei Wu, Li-Miao Chen, Zhi-Yan Chen, and Yong-Peng Lei. "Bimetallic chalcogenides for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction." Rare Metals 40, no. 12 (July 20, 2021): 3442–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12598-021-01772-7.

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4

Han, Peng, Xiaomin Yu, Di Yuan, Min Kuang, Yifei Wang, Abdullah M. Al-Enizi, and Gengfeng Zheng. "Defective graphene for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 534 (January 2019): 332–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2018.09.036.

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5

Ogura, Kotaro, and Hiroaki Uchida. "Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to methanol." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry 220, no. 2 (April 1987): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(87)85119-7.

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6

Ogura, Kotaro, and Ichiro Yoshida. "Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to methanol." Journal of Molecular Catalysis 47, no. 1 (August 1988): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-5102(88)85072-7.

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7

Alenezi, Khalaf M. "Iron Sulphur Cluster [Fe4S4(SPh)4]2– Catalyzed Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 on Carbon Electrodes in [Bu4N][BF4]-DMF Mixture." Current Analytical Chemistry 16, no. 7 (October 1, 2020): 854–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573411015666191002170213.

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Background: An efficient, selective and durable electrocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction system is a prerequisite to tackle energy and pollution-related issues. In this context, both organic and inorganic materials have gained a significant interest worldwide. Objective: In the present work, the electrocatalytic reduction activity of an iron-sulphur (Fe-S) cluster, [Fe4S4(SPh)4]2– for CO2 → carbon monoxide (CO) conversion has been investigated. The effect of catalyst concentration on the yield of CO and H2 was determined. Besides, the influence of reaction conditions (presence or absence of a Brønsted acid, electrolysis time etc.) on faradaic yield and product selectivity was also investigated. Methods: Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was carried out on vitreous carbon electrode in 0.1 M [Bu4N] [BF4]-DMF electrolyte. At the end of electrolysis, products were collected by tight-gas syringe and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) system coupled with a thermal conductivity detector. Results: The Fe-S cluster was found to efficiently catalyse the process on carbon electrode in 0.1 M [Bu4N][BF4]-DMF electrolyte. Moreover, the presence of cluster shifted the reduction potential by ~ 200 mV towards the positive. GC analysis confirmed the formation of CO with a current efficiency of ca. 70%. On the other hand, 12% H2 was observed at the end of electrocatalysis. Conclusion: In summary, Fe-S cluster was used for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 in 0.1 M [Bu4N][BF4]-DMF electrolyte. The use of cluster (catalyst) was found to be important for CO2 reduction as no CO was detected in the absence of the catalyst. This study highlights the potential application of Fe-S cluster for CO2 reduction.

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8

Cunningham, Drew W., and Jenny Y. Yang. "Selective Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to HCO2−." Trends in Chemistry 2, no. 4 (April 2020): 401–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2020.02.001.

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9

Ge, Hongtao, Zhengxiang Gu, Peng Han, Hanchen Shen, Abdullah M. Al-Enizi, Lijuan Zhang, and Gengfeng Zheng. "Mesoporous tin oxide for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 531 (December 2018): 564–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2018.07.066.

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10

Lee, Wonhee, Young Eun Kim, Min Hye Youn, Soon Kwan Jeong, and Ki Tae Park. "Catholyte-Free Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction to Formate." Angewandte Chemie 130, no. 23 (May 8, 2018): 6999–7003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201803501.

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11

Corbin, Nathan, Joy Zeng, Kindle Williams, and Karthish Manthiram. "Heterogeneous molecular catalysts for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction." Nano Research 12, no. 9 (May 1, 2019): 2093–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12274-019-2403-y.

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12

Lee, Wonhee, Young Eun Kim, Min Hye Youn, Soon Kwan Jeong, and Ki Tae Park. "Catholyte-Free Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction to Formate." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 57, no. 23 (May 8, 2018): 6883–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201803501.

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13

Zhang, Xiaolong, Fengwang Li, Ying Zhang, Alan M. Bond, and Jie Zhang. "Stannate derived bimetallic nanoparticles for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 17 (2018): 7851–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta02429d.

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14

WANG, XUAN YUN, SU QIN LIU, KE LONG HUANG, QIU JU FENG, BIN LIU, JIN LONG LIU, and GUAN HUA JIN. "EFFECTIVE NANOPOROUS COPPER FOR ELECTROCATALYTIC REDUCTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN IONIC LIQUID." Functional Materials Letters 03, no. 03 (September 2010): 181–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604710001202.

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Nanoporous copper as a robust and efficient electrocatalyst for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 in ionic liquid has been successfully developed due to its advantages of high surface area, open porosity and high catalysis efficiency. Nanoporous copper film was prepared by a simple dealloying method and can be directly fabricated on the surface of the electrode. The electrochemical property for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 in ionic liquid was investigated by cyclic voltammogram (CV), showing enhanced electrocatalytic activity due to its nanoporous structure.

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15

Jia, Mingwen, Song Hong, Tai-Sing Wu, Xin Li, Yun-Liang Soo, and Zhenyu Sun. "Single Sb sites for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction." Chemical Communications 55, no. 80 (2019): 12024–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc06178a.

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16

Song, Rong-Bin, Wenlei Zhu, Jiaju Fu, Ying Chen, Lixia Liu, Jian-Rong Zhang, Yuehe Lin, and Jun-Jie Zhu. "Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction: Electrode Materials Engineering in Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction: Energy Input and Conversion Efficiency (Adv. Mater. 27/2020)." Advanced Materials 32, no. 27 (July 2020): 2070202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202070202.

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17

Yue, Tingting, Ying Chang, Haitao Huang, Jingchun Jia, and Meilin Jia. "Revealing the Real Role of Etching during Controlled Assembly of Nanocrystals Applied to Electrochemical Reduction of CO2." Nanomaterials 12, no. 15 (July 24, 2022): 2546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12152546.

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In recent years, the use of inexpensive and efficient catalysts for the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to regulate syngas ratios has become a hot research topic. Here, a series of nitrogen-doped iron carbide catalysts loaded onto reduced graphene oxide (N-Fe3C/rGO-H) were prepared by pyrolysis of iron oleate, etching, and nitrogen-doped carbonization. The main products of the N-Fe3C/rGO-H electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 are CO and H2, when tested in a 0.5 M KHCO3 electrolyte at room temperature and pressure. In the prepared catalysts, the high selectivity (the Faraday efficiency of CO was 40.8%, at −0.3 V), and the total current density reaches ~29.1 mA/cm2 at −1.0 V as demonstrated when the mass ratio of Fe3O4 NPs to rGO was equal to 100, the nitrogen doping temperature was 800 °C and the ratio of syngas during the reduction process was controlled by the applied potential (−0.2~−1.0 V) in the range of 1 to 20. This study provides an opportunity to develop nonprecious metals for the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction preparation of synthesis and gas provides a good reference

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18

Petersen, Haley A., Tessa H. T. Myren, and Oana R. Luca. "Redox-Active Manganese Pincers for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction." Inorganics 8, no. 11 (November 11, 2020): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics8110062.

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The decrease of total amount of atmospheric CO2 is an important societal challenge in which CO2 reduction has an important role to play. Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction with homogeneous catalysts is based on highly tunable catalyst design and exploits an abundant C1 source to make valuable products such as fuels and fuel precursors. These methods can also take advantage of renewable electricity as a green reductant. Mn-based catalysts offer these benefits while incorporating a relatively cheap and abundant first-row transition metal. Historically, interest in this field started with Mn(bpy-R)(CO)3X, whose performance matched that of its Re counterparts while achieving substantially lower overpotentials. This review examines an emerging class of homogeneous Mn-based electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction, Mn complexes with meridional tridentate coordination also known as Mn pincers, most of which contain redox-active ligands that enable multi-electron catalysis. Although there are relatively few examples in the literature thus far, these catalysts bring forth new catalytic mechanisms not observed for the well-established Mn(bpy-R)(CO)3X catalysts, and show promising reactivity for future studies.

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19

de Lucas-Consuegra, Antonio, Juan Serrano-Ruiz, Nuria Gutiérrez-Guerra, and José Valverde. "Low-Temperature Electrocatalytic Conversion of CO2 to Liquid Fuels: Effect of the Cu Particle Size." Catalysts 8, no. 8 (August 20, 2018): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8080340.

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A novel gas-phase electrocatalytic system based on a low-temperature proton exchange membrane (Sterion) was developed for the gas-phase electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 to liquid fuels. This system achieved gas-phase electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 at low temperatures (below 90 °C) over a Cu cathode by using water electrolysis-derived protons generated in-situ on an IrO2 anode. Three Cu-based cathodes with varying metal particle sizes were prepared by supporting this metal on an activated carbon at three loadings (50, 20, and 10 wt %; 50% Cu-AC, 20% Cu-AC, and 10% Cu-AC, respectively). The cathodes were characterized by N2 adsorption–desorption, temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and their performance towards the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 was subsequently studied. The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) containing the cathode with the largest Cu particle size (50% Cu-AC, 40 nm) showed the highest CO2 electrocatalytic activity per mole of Cu, with methyl formate being the main product. This higher electrocatalytic activity was attributed to the lower Cu–CO bonding strength over large Cu particles. Different product distributions were obtained over 20% Cu-AC and 10% Cu-AC, with acetaldehyde and methanol being the main reaction products, respectively. The CO2 consumption rate increased with the applied current and reaction temperature.

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20

Jin, Lei, and Ali Seifitokaldani. "In Situ Spectroscopic Methods for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction." Catalysts 10, no. 5 (April 28, 2020): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10050481.

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Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to value-added chemicals and fuels is a promising approach to store renewable energy while closing the anthropogenic carbon cycle. Despite significant advances in developing new electrocatalysts, this system still lacks enough energy conversion efficiency to become a viable technology for industrial applications. To develop an active and selective electrocatalyst and engineer the reaction environment to achieve high energy conversion efficiency, we need to improve our knowledge of the reaction mechanism and material structure under reaction conditions. In situ spectroscopies are among the most powerful tools which enable measurements of the system under real conditions. These methods provide information about reaction intermediates and possible reaction pathways, electrocatalyst structure and active sites, as well as the effect of the reaction environment on products distribution. This review aims to highlight the utilization of in situ spectroscopic methods that enhance our understanding of the CO2 reduction reaction. Infrared, Raman, X-ray absorption, X-ray photoelectron, and mass spectroscopies are discussed here. The critical challenges associated with current state-of-the-art systems are identified and insights on emerging prospects are discussed.

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21

Liu, Yinghuan, Zhonghuai Hou, and Huijun Jiang. "Local concentration effect on nano-electrocatalytic CO2 reduction." Carbon Capture Science & Technology 3 (June 2022): 100047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2022.100047.

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22

Munir, Shamsa, Amir Rahimi Varzeghani, and Sarp Kaya. "Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to produce higher alcohols." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 2, no. 11 (2018): 2532–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8se00258d.

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23

Sung, Siyoung, Davinder Kumar, Marcos Gil-Sepulcre, and Michael Nippe. "Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction by Imidazolium-Functionalized Molecular Catalysts." Journal of the American Chemical Society 139, no. 40 (September 26, 2017): 13993–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b07709.

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24

Resasco, Joaquin, and Alexis T. Bell. "Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction to Fuels: Progress and Opportunities." Trends in Chemistry 2, no. 9 (September 2020): 825–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2020.06.007.

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25

Crawley, Matthew R., Karthika J. Kadassery, Amanda N. Oldacre, Alan E. Friedman, David C. Lacy, and Timothy R. Cook. "Rhenium(I) Phosphazane Complexes for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction." Organometallics 38, no. 7 (March 25, 2019): 1664–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00138.

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26

Hu, Feng, Sasitha C. Abeyweera, Jie Yu, Dongtang Zhang, Yu Wang, Qimin Yan, and Yugang Sun. "Quantifying Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 on Twin Boundaries." Chem 6, no. 11 (November 2020): 3007–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2020.07.026.

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27

Windle, Christopher D., and Robin N. Perutz. "Advances in molecular photocatalytic and electrocatalytic CO2 reduction." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 256, no. 21-22 (November 2012): 2562–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2012.03.010.

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28

Fujihira, Masamichi, Yoshiki Hirata, and Kosaku Suga. "Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 by nickel(II) cyclam." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry 292, no. 1-2 (October 1990): 199–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(90)87336-i.

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29

Yang, Hui, Yang Huang, Jun Deng, Yunling Wu, Na Han, Chenyang Zha, Leigang Li, and Yanguang Li. "Selective electrocatalytic CO2 reduction enabled by SnO2 nanoclusters." Journal of Energy Chemistry 37 (October 2019): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jechem.2018.12.004.

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30

Sun, Meng-Jiao, Zhi-Wei Gong, Jun-Dong Yi, Teng Zhang, Xiaodong Chen, and Rong Cao. "A highly efficient diatomic nickel electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction." Chemical Communications 56, no. 62 (2020): 8798–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc03410j.

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31

Sangiorgi, Nicola, Giulia Tuci, Alessandra Sanson, Maurizio Peruzzini, and Giuliano Giambastiani. "Metal-free carbon-based materials for electrocatalytic and photo-electrocatalytic CO2 reduction." Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali 30, no. 3 (July 24, 2019): 497–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12210-019-00830-8.

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32

Chen, Chengzhen, Bo Zhang, Juhua Zhong, and Zhenmin Cheng. "Selective electrochemical CO2 reduction over highly porous gold films." J. Mater. Chem. A 5, no. 41 (2017): 21955–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta04983h.

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33

Lü, Fang, Haihong Bao, Yuying Mi, Yifan Liu, Jiaqiang Sun, Xianyun Peng, Yuan Qiu, Longchao Zhuo, Xijun Liu, and Jun Luo. "Electrochemical CO2 reduction: from nanoclusters to single atom catalysts." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 4, no. 3 (2020): 1012–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9se00776h.

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34

Park, Subin, Devina Thasia Wijaya, Jonggeol Na, and Chan Woo Lee. "Towards the Large-Scale Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide." Catalysts 11, no. 2 (February 13, 2021): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11020253.

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The severe increase in the CO2 concentration is a causative factor of global warming, which accelerates the destruction of ecosystems. The massive utilization of CO2 for value-added chemical production is a key to commercialization to guarantee both economic feasibility and negative carbon emission. Although the electrochemical reduction of CO2 is one of the most promising technologies, there are remaining challenges for large-scale production. Herein, an overview of these limitations is provided in terms of devices, processes, and catalysts. Further, the economic feasibility of the technology is described in terms of individual processes such as reactions and separation. Additionally, for the practical implementation of the electrochemical CO2 conversion technology, stable electrocatalytic performances need to be addressed in terms of current density, Faradaic efficiency, and overpotential. Hence, the present review also covers the known degradation behaviors and mechanisms of electrocatalysts and electrodes during electrolysis. Furthermore, strategic approaches for overcoming the stability issues are introduced based on recent reports from various research areas involved in the electrocatalytic conversion.

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35

Wang, Xiaoyan, Zhiyong Wang, and Xianbo Jin. "Nanoporous bismuth for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to formate." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 23, no. 35 (2021): 19195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cp02661e.

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36

Yoshida, Takefumi, Habib Md Ahsan, Hai-Tao Zhang, David Chukwuma Izuogu, Hitoshi Abe, Hiroyoshi Ohtsu, Tadashi Yamaguchi, Brian K. Breedlove, Alex J. W. Thom, and Masahiro Yamashita. "Ionic-caged heterometallic bismuth–platinum complex exhibiting electrocatalytic CO2 reduction." Dalton Transactions 49, no. 8 (2020): 2652–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9dt04817k.

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37

Pan, Fuping, and Yang Yang. "Designing CO2 reduction electrode materials by morphology and interface engineering." Energy & Environmental Science 13, no. 8 (2020): 2275–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ee00900h.

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38

Gamba, Ilaria. "Biomimetic Approach to CO2 Reduction." Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications 2018 (August 1, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2379141.

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The development of artificial photosynthetic technologies able to produce solar-fuels from CO2 reduction is a fundamental task that requires the employment of specific catalysts being accomplished. Besides, effective catalysts are also demanded to capture atmospheric CO2, mitigating the effects of its constantly increasing emission. Biomimetic transition metal complexes are considered ideal platforms to develop efficient and selective catalysts to be implemented in electrocatalytic and photocatalytic devices. These catalysts, designed according to the inspiration provided by nature, are simple synthetic molecular systems capable of mimic features of the enzymatic activity. The present review aims to focus the attention on the mechanistic and structural aspects highlighted to be necessary to promote a proper catalytic activity. The determination of these characteristics is of interest both for clarifying aspects of the catalytic cycle of natural enzymes that are still unknown and for developing synthetic molecular catalysts that can readily be applied to artificial photosynthetic devices.

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39

Peng, Mingyue, Suqin Ci, Ping Shao, Pingwei Cai, and Zhenhai Wen. "Cu3P/C Nanocomposites for Efficient Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction and Zn–CO2 Battery." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 19, no. 6 (June 1, 2019): 3232–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2019.16589.

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Exploiting effective electrocatalysts toward electrochemical conversion of CO2 into valued-added chemicals is highly desirable for achieving the global carbon cycle. In this work, we report the synthesis of Cu3P/C nanocomposites by phosphatizing the copper-based metal organic framework precursor. Systematic electrochemical characterizations demonstrate the Cu3P/C nanocomposites hold high activity and favorable selectivity towards CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) into CO, as manifested by an onset potential is about −0.25 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a faradic efficiency (FE) of 47% for CO production at a relatively low potential (−0.3 V). The attractive catalytic properties might be attributed to the synergistic effect of cooper and phosphorus elements, as well as the unique structure of Cu3P. Furthermore, we propose an asymmetrical-electrolyte Zn–CO2 battery with the Cu3P/C as cathode catalyst, demonstrating a decent performance with an open-circuit voltage of 1.5 V and a power density of 2.6 mW cm−2 (at 10 mA cm−2).

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40

Yang, Ju Hyun, So Jeong Park, Choong Kyun Rhee, and Youngku Sohn. "Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction and Electrocatalytic H2 Evolution over Pt(0,II,IV)-Loaded Oxidized Ti Sheets." Nanomaterials 10, no. 10 (September 24, 2020): 1909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10101909.

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Energy recycling and production using abundant atmospheric CO2 and H2O have increasingly attracted attention for solving energy and environmental problems. Herein, Pt-loaded Ti sheets were prepared by sputter-deposition and Pt4+-reduction methods, and their catalytic activities on both photocatalytic CO2 reduction and electrochemical hydrogen evolution were fully demonstrated. The surface chemical states were completely examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy before and after CO2 reduction. Gas chromatography confirmed that CO, CH4, and CH3OH were commonly produced as CO2 reduction products with total yields up to 87.3, 26.9, and 88.0 μmol/mol, respectively for 700 °C-annealed Ti under UVC irradiation for 13 h. Pt-loading commonly negated the CO2 reduction yields, but CH4 selectivity was increased. Electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity showed the highest activity for sputter-deposited Pt on 400 °C-annealed Ti with a HER current density of 10.5 mA/cm2 at −0.5 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The activities of CO2 reduction and HER were found to be significantly dependent on both the nature of Ti support and the oxidation states (0,II,IV) of overlayer Pt. The present result could provide valuable information for designing efficient Pt/Ti-based CO2 recycle photocatalysts and electrochemical hydrogen production catalysts.

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41

Kang, Sung-Jin, Ajit Dale, Swarbhanu Sarkar, Jeongsoo Yoo, and Hochun Lee. "Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 by Copper (II) Cyclam Derivatives." Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33961/jecst.2015.6.3.106.

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42

Ding, Tao, Xiaokang Liu, Zhinan Tao, Tianyang Liu, Tao Chen, Wei Zhang, Xinyi Shen, et al. "Atomically Precise Dinuclear Site Active toward Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction." Journal of the American Chemical Society 143, no. 30 (July 22, 2021): 11317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c05754.

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43

Liu, Min, Yuanjie Pang, Bo Zhang, Phil De Luna, Oleksandr Voznyy, Jixian Xu, Xueli Zheng, et al. "Enhanced electrocatalytic CO2 reduction via field-induced reagent concentration." Nature 537, no. 7620 (August 3, 2016): 382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature19060.

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44

Wang, Yifei, Peng Han, Ximeng Lv, Lijuan Zhang, and Gengfeng Zheng. "Defect and Interface Engineering for Aqueous Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction." Joule 2, no. 12 (December 2018): 2551–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.09.021.

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45

Han, Na, Yu Wang, Lu Ma, Jianguo Wen, Jing Li, Hechuang Zheng, Kaiqi Nie, et al. "Supported Cobalt Polyphthalocyanine for High-Performance Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction." Chem 3, no. 4 (October 2017): 652–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2017.08.002.

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46

Smith, Rodney D. L., and Peter G. Pickup. "Nitrogen-rich polymers for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2." Electrochemistry Communications 12, no. 12 (December 2010): 1749–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2010.10.013.

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47

O'Toole, Terrence R., Lawrence D. Margerum, T. David Westmoreland, William J. Vining, Royce W. Murray, and Thomas J. Meyer. "Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 at a chemically modified electrode." Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, no. 20 (1985): 1416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c39850001416.

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48

Li, Jun, Guangxu Chen, Yangying Zhu, Zheng Liang, Allen Pei, Chun-Lan Wu, Hongxia Wang, et al. "Efficient electrocatalytic CO2 reduction on a three-phase interface." Nature Catalysis 1, no. 8 (July 23, 2018): 592–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41929-018-0108-3.

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49

Li, Xiaofang, and Qi-Long Zhu. "MOF-based materials for photo- and electrocatalytic CO2 reduction." EnergyChem 2, no. 3 (June 2020): 100033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enchem.2020.100033.

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Huang, Chenjiao, Wenwen Bao, Senhe Huang, Bin Wang, Chenchen Wang, Sheng Han, Chenbao Lu, and Feng Qiu. "Asymmetric Push–Pull Type Co(II) Porphyrin for Enhanced Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction Activity." Molecules 28, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010150.

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Abstract:

Molecular electrocatalysts for electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction has received more attention both by scientists and engineers, owing to their well-defined structure and tunable electronic property. Metal complexes via coordination with many π-conjugated ligands exhibit the unique electrocatalytic CO2 reduction performance. The symmetric electronic structure of this metal complex may play an important role in the CO2 reduction. In this work, two novel dimethoxy substituted asymmetric and cross-symmetric Co(II) porphyrin (PorCo) have been prepared as the model electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction. Owing to the electron donor effect of methoxy group, the intramolecular charge transfer of these push–pull type molecules facilitates the electron mobility. As electrocatalysts at −0.7 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), asymmetric methoxy-substituted Co(II) porphyrin shows the higher CO2-to-CO Faradaic efficiency (FECO) of ~95 % and turnover frequency (TOF) of 2880 h−1 than those of control materials, due to its push–pull type electronic structure. The density functional theory (DFT) calculation further confirms that methoxy group could ready to decrease to energy level for formation *COOH, leading to high CO2 reduction performance. This work opens a novel path to the design of molecular catalysts for boosting electrocatalytic CO2 reduction.

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