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Academic literature on the topic 'Électrocatalyseur à base de palladium'

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Published: 1 June 2024

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Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Électrocatalyseur à base de palladium":

1

Sodeoka, Mikiko, and Yoshitaka Hamashima. "Acid-base catalysis using chiral palladium complexes." Pure and Applied Chemistry 78, no. 2 (January 1, 2006): 477–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200678020477.

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Chiral Pd aqua and µ-hydroxo complexes were found to act as mild Brønsted acids and bases, and chiral Pd enolates were generated from these complexes even under acidic conditions. Highly enantioselective Michael addition, Mannich-type reaction, fluorination, and conjugate addition of amines have been developed based on the acid-base character of these Pd complexes.
2

Nagle, Lorraine C., and L. D. Burke. "Anomalous electrochemical behaviour of palladium in base." Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 14, no. 8 (December 2, 2009): 1465–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10008-009-0975-2.

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3

Vila, J. M., M. T. Pereira, A. Suárez, E. Gayoso, M. Gayoso, J. Selbin, and A. Sen. "Cyclometallation, Palladium(II) Complexes with Schiff Base Ligands." Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry 16, no. 4 (January 1986): 499–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00945718608055924.

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Wang, Xiaoping, Nancy Kariuki, Suhas Niyogi, Matt C. Smith, Deborah J. Myers, Timo Hofmann, Yufeng Zhang, Marcus Bär, and Clemens Heske. "Bimetallic Palladium-Base Metal Nanoparticle Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts." ECS Transactions 16, no. 2 (December 18, 2019): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2981848.

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R., Dileep, and Badekai Ramachandra Bhat. "Palladium-Schiff base-triphenylphosphine catalyzed oxidation of alcohols." Applied Organometallic Chemistry 24, no. 9 (August 26, 2010): 663–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.1683.

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Kumar, Rajnish, and Ganesan Mani. "Exhibition of the Brønsted acid–base character of a Schiff base in palladium(ii) complex formation: lithium complexation, fluxional properties and catalysis of Suzuki reactions in water." Dalton Transactions 44, no. 15 (2015): 6896–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5dt00438a.

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The Brønsted acid–base character of bis(iminopyrrolylmethyl)amine was shown through the X-ray structures of palladium complexes. The bischelated palladium complex is fluxional as studied by the VT 1H NMR method and effectively catalyzes Suzuki reactions in water.
7

Mitin, Anton V., Alexander N. Kashin, and Irina P. Beletskaya. "Role of base in palladium-catalyzed arylation of carbanions." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 689, no. 6 (March 2004): 1085–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.12.039.

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Le Bras, Jean, and Jacques Muzart. "Base-free palladium-mediated cycloalkenylations of olefinic enolic systems." Tetrahedron 71, no. 48 (December 2015): 9035–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.060.

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Burke, L. D., and J. K. Casey. "The electrocatalytic behaviour of palladium in acid and base." Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 23, no. 6 (June 1993): 573–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00721948.

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Pankajakshan, Sreekumar, and Teck-Peng Loh. "Base-Free Palladium-Catalyzed Sonogashira Coupling Using Organogold Complexes." Chemistry - An Asian Journal 6, no. 9 (June 30, 2011): 2291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.201100263.

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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Électrocatalyseur à base de palladium":

1

Sahin, Nihat Ege. "Réduction électrochimique du dioxyde de carbone sur des électrocatalyseurs à base de cuivre." Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2313/document.

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Le réchauffement climatique est dû principalement à l'émission anthropique du dioxyde de carbone (CO2) dans l'atmosphère. Une réduction électrocatalytique et sélective de cette molécule a été proposée au cours de ce projet comme une solution prometteuse pour synthétiser des produits à valeur ajoutée. Une telle réaction requiert l'utilisation de matériaux efficaces et bas coût. Pour ce faire, les travaux de cette thèse ont porté sur la préparation de catalyseurs à base de cuivre dispersés sur différents substrats carbonés tels que le Vulcan XC-72R, les carbones mésoporeux CMK-3 et FDU-15, et des tanins à base d'IS2M pour réduire le CO2 en milieu aqueux. Les matériaux d'électrode ont été préparés à l'aide de la méthode polyol assistée par micro-ondes. Leurs caractérisations physiques et l'analyse élémentaire confirment des compositions atomiques et des taux de charge métallique proches de celles théoriquement envisagées. L'acide formique et le monoxyde de carbone sont les deux produits carbonés issus de la réduction du CO2 (2 bar) réalisée par chronoampérométrie en milieu NaHCO3. La détection et l'identification des produits de réaction ont été effectuées par des méthodes chromatographiques (µ-GC et HPLC), spectrométrique (DEMS) et spectroscopique (RMN). Une sélectivité de la réaction vis-à-vis de HCOOH (62 %) a été obtenue sur une cathode de Cu50Pd50/C. Cette conversion sélective du CO2 en HCOOH s'explique par une conjugaison d'effets électroniques et géométriques dans la structure de surface du catalyseur bimétallique et aussi celui de la texture du substrat carboné
The anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) are the major cause of global warming. The selective CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) of has been proposed as a promising, convenient and efficient method for sustainable energy conversion systems. The reduction of CO2 to energetically valuable products requires the use of an appropriate electrode material. This study focuses on the preparation of Cu-based electrocatalysts supported on different types of carbon materials such as Vulcan XC-72R, mesoporous carbon CMK-3, mesoporous carbon FDU-15 and tannin based mesoporous carbon IS2M for the CO2RR under mild conditions. Besides, Vulcan XC-72R carbon supported bimetallic copper/palladium alloy materials were prepared for increasing the Faradaic yield. These copper-based catalysts were electrochemically characterized and preparative electrolyses set at constant potential were carried out in order to investigate the reduction products distribution and Faradaic yields as a function of the applied potential and catalyst loading. Chemicals such as HCOOH, CO and H2 issued from the CO2RR, were determined with in-situ and ex-situ complementary (electro)analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The significant difference in the product distribution is probably due to the ensemble (geometry and ligand) effects in the bimetallic CuPd materials, and textural structure of the supporting substrates. Selective CO2 to-HCOOH conversion has been successfully undertaken on Cu50Pd50/C with 62 % Faradaic efficiency
2

Beliaeva, Kristina. "Captage et conversion électrochimique du CO2 dans des liquides ioniques et des solvants eutectiques profonds avec des catalyseurs à base de Pd." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023GRALI094.

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Le captage et la réduction électrochimique du CO2 (CCU) est une solution pour décarboniser le secteur industriel. Cette technologie valorise la source de carbone peu chère en molécules carbonées à forte valeur ajoutée. Des nombreuses méthodes de valorisation du CO2 existent pour limiter la libération de ce gaz à effet de serre dans l’atmosphère. Pendant cette thèse, nous proposons le captage du CO2 complété par la conversion électrochimique en différentes molécules carbonées dans une cellule électrochimique. L’électroconversion de dioxyde de carbone est une méthode prometteuse grâce à des conditions réactionnelles douces en température et pression et la possibilité d’alimenter la cellule électrochimique avec de l’électricité produite par des énergies renouvelables. Ce procédé nécessite le développement de solvants de captage qui peuvent également jouer le rôle d’électrolyte pendant la réduction électrochimique du CO2. En même temps, le choix d’un matériau catalytique est indispensable pour la conversion sélective du CO2 en molécule(s) d’intérêt. Le choix du solvant de captage est souvent basé sur la capacité d’absorption du CO2, les stabilités chimique et électrochimique, les enjeux environnementaux et le coût. Les solvants eutectiques profonds (DESs) apparaissent comme des candidats très intéressants puisqu’ils répondent aux différents critères de sélection. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous focalisons sur le développement de ces nouveaux solvants émergents pour le captage et l’électroconversion du CO2 avec des catalyseurs à base de palladium. Le palladium est d’ailleurs connu pour être un électrocatalyseur effectif pour la transformation sélective du dioxyde de carbone en molécules type C1 tel que le monoxyde de carbone.Pendant cette thèse, nous avons synthétisé et testé électrochimiquement des nombreux DESs et des catalyseurs à base de palladium en vue de permettre la compréhension des mécanismes réactionnels de la réduction du CO2 en molécule de type C1. Les différentes techniques de caractérisation ont permis d’étudier les structures des matériaux catalytiques (morphologie et tailles des particules) et des solvants eutectiques profonds, d’analyser les produits et les intermédiaires réactionnels ainsi que de comprendre les verrous du système utilisé. Dans sa globalité, le projet a permis de faire un pas vers la séquestration et la valorisation du dioxyde de carbone par la méthode électrochimique pour décarboniser le secteur industriel et empêcher ainsi le dérèglement climatique
Carbon dioxide capture and utilization (CCU) is a way to decarbonize industrial sector. This technology provides a valorization of cheap carbon feedstock by its transformation to carbonaceous value-added chemicals. Multiple CO2 capture and utilization techniques exist to prevent the release of the greenhouse gas to the atmosphere. Here, we propose an integrated process of CO2 capture sequenced by electroconversion to C-based products in electrochemical cell. Electrochemical CO2 conversion is a promising method due to mild reaction conditions and possibility to power the reaction with electricity produced by renewable energy sources. This process necessitates the development of solvents capable to capture CO2 and to play a role of electrolyte during electrochemical reduction reaction. At the same time, efficient catalytic materials are vital for selective CO2 conversion to targeted product(s). The choice of capture solvent is usually based on CO2 capture ability, chemical and electrochemical stabilities, environmental issue and cost. Economically affordable deep eutectic solvent (DES) electrolytes seem to be promising candidates for CO2 capture and electroreduction because of good thermal and electrochemical stabilities, competitive CO2 uptake and large electrochemical windows. In this work, we focused on the development of novel deep eutectic solvent electrolytes for CO2 electroreduction with Pd-based electrocatalysts. Palladium proved its efficiency for selective conversion of carbon dioxide to C1 molecules such as carbon monoxide.During the thesis, we synthesized and electrochemically tested multiple DESs and Pd-based electrocatalysts with different morphologies and particle sizes to get more insights into reaction mechanism of CO2 electroreduction to C1 molecules. The implementation of different characterization techniques helped to study catalytic materials and DESs structures, to analyze gaseous and liquid reaction intermediates and products, and to understand main challenges of the studied system. Overall, this study is a one step forward the application of CO2ER (carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction) for valorisation of carbon dioxide and climate change mitigation
3

Evrard, David. "Complexes bi- et polymétalliques à base de palladium : synthèse, électrosynthèse et applications en catalyse." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2003. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5032.

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Le travail de recherche présenté dans ce document concerne la synthèse, l’électrosynthèse, l’étude de la réactivité de complexes polymétalliques à base de palladium et les éventuelles propriétés catalytiques de ces complexes. Dans la première partie de ce document, nous rappellerons tout d’abord l’intérêt des phosphines et des diphosphines, et plus particulièrement de la diphosphine bis(diphénylphosphino)méthane (dppm), en tant que ligand, ainsi que des dimères de palladium contenant ce ligand en chimie organométallique. Nous décrirons ensuite les propriétés électrochimiques des complexes face-à-face Pd[indice]2(micro-dppm)[indice]2Me[indice]2Cl[indice]2 et en livre ouvert - ou « A-frame » - [Pd[indice]2 (micro-dppm)[indice]2Me[indice]2]I lorsqu’ils sont seuls en solution, en présence de dppm ou d’iodométhane. La structure cristallographique du dérivé en livre ouvert [Pd[indice]2(micro-dppm)[indice]2Me[indice]2I]I, qui a été obtenue dans le cadre de ce travail, sera présentée et donnera lieu à une comparaison avec d’autres structures reportées dans la littérature. La deuxième partie de ce manuscrit traite de catalyse d'hydrogénation par un cluster de palladium à quatre centres métalliques comportant deux hydrures : Pd[indice]4(micro-dppm)[indice]4H[indice]2[exposant]2+. Le premier chapitre offre un rapide tour d’horizon de la catalyse homogène par des complexes et clusters de palladium, et des outils d’investigation des mécanismes. Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous décrirons la structure cristallographique d’un cluster monohydrure proche de Pd[indice]4(micro-dppm)[indice]4H[indice]2[exposant]2+ qui a été obtenue au cours de cette étude. La caractérisation complète de ce cluster sera également indiquée. Dans le troisième chapitre, nous présenterons les résultats obtenus en catalyse d’hydrogénation avec le cluster Pd[indice]4(micro-dppm)[indice]4H[indice]2[exposant]2+ en tant que pré-catalyseur. Les études en fonction de la température et de la pression seront exposées, de même que le mécanisme de cette catalyse et les études cinétiques nous ayant permis de le démontrer. Enfin, dans la troisième partie de ce mémoire, nous nous intéresserons aux propriétés du complexe hétérobimétallique PdPt(micro-dppm)[indice]2Cl[indice]2. Après avoir brièvement rappelé les travaux reportés dans la littérature concernant ce type de dérivés hétérobimétalliques, nous décrirons la réactivité chimique et électrochimique du complexe PdPt(micro-dppm)[indice]2Cl[indice]2, qui a donné lieu à la formation de nouveaux dérivés palladium-platine originaux. Les structures cristallographiques de deux de ces dérivés seront présentées et discutées, de même que la caractérisation spectroscopique de l’ensemble de ces complexes.
4

Cavoué, Thomas. "Électrocatalyseur à base d'argent pour la promotion électrochimique de la catalyse." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. https://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m6639p43.

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L’oxyde d’éthylène (EO) est un précurseur de nombreuses réactions de chimie fine. Il est produit par la réaction d’époxydation de l’éthylène sur un catalyseur à base d’argent. Cependant, afin d’atteindre des sélectivités élevées, le procédé industriel utilise des additifs chlorés dans la phase gaz peu écologiques et des modérateurs alcalins sur le catalyseur. L’objectif de cette étude fondamentale est de développer un procédé écoresponsable à forte sélectivité en utilisant le concept de promotion électrochimique de la catalyse. Ce phénomène permet de forcer, sous l’impact d’une faible polarisation électrique, la migration d’espèces ioniques présentes dans un électrolyte solide sur le catalyseur afin de modifier, in-situ, ses propriétés catalytiques. Différentes couches catalytiques à base argent ont été déposées sur des membranes denses en zircone stabilisée à l’oxyde d’yttrium (YSZ), un conducteur par les ions O2-. Les couches d’argent pur présentent une très faible activité pour la réaction d’époxydation mais ont montré des propriétés intéressantes pour la combustion du propène dans des conditions oxydantes, grâce au phénomène de promotion électrochimique de la catalyse. Pour pallier à la faible activité des couches d’argent pur, des couches composites entre l’argent et YSZ ont été synthétisées afin d’augmenter la porosité des couches et l’interface Ag/YSZ. Ces électrocatalyseurs composites Ag/YSZ atteignent des sélectivités en EO supérieures à 50% en l’absence de promoteur et sous pression atmosphérique à 300°C, résultats sans précédents dans la littérature. Cependant, cet état sélectif n’est maintenu que pendant quelques heures. Des observations in situ en microscopie électronique en transmission environnementale ont permis de démontrer la formation sous mélange réactionnel de petits clusters d’Ag2O à la surface des cristallites de YSZ via un mécanisme d’évaporation/condensation. Ces nanoparticules de très petites tailles (< 1 nm), très sélectives, coalescent malheureusement rapidement à 300°C et perdent leur sélectivité en EO au profit de la production de CO2
The ethylene oxide (EO) is an essential building block for chemistry industry. It is produced by the ethylene epoxidation reaction over a silver-based catalyst. However, to achieve high selectivity, the industrial process uses chloride additives in the gas phase and alkaline moderators on the catalyst. The aim of this work is to develop a new environmentally-friendly route without using chloride compounds by using the concept of the Electrochemical Promotion of Catalysis (EPOC). This phenomenon allows to force, by applying small polarizations, the migration of ionic species contained in a solid electrolyte onto the catalyst surface and to in-situ modify its catalytic properties. Various Ag based catalytic coating have been deposited on dense membranes of Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ), an O2- ionic conductor. The pure silver films have shown a very poor activity toward the ethylene epoxidation but interesting properties for propene combustion in oxidative conditions, thanks to the EPOC phenomenon. To counteract the low activity of the pure silver films, composites coatings between Ag and YSZ have been synthetized in order to increase the porosity and the interface Ag/YSZ. These Ag/YSZ composite electrocatalysts achieved EO selectivity EO higher than 50%, without any promoter and under atmospheric pressure at 300°C, results never reported in the literature. However, this selective state can be maintained only for a few hours. In-situ observations by using an environmental transmission electron microscope have demonstrated the formation, under the reaction mixture, of small Ag2O clusters on the YSZ crystallites surface via a mechanism of evaporation/condensation. However, these very selective small nanoparticles (< 1 nm), quickly sinter at 300°C and lose their EO selectivity in favor of the CO2 production
5

McConachie, Laura K. "Novel base and palladium-mediated preparations of sulfur heterocycles." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0028/MQ51081.pdf.

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Duplan, Jean-Luc. "Catalyseurs de post-combustion automobile à base de palladium." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10091.

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Souffache, Blaise. "Étude comparative des propriétés de transport et des propriétés magnétiques d'alliages à base de Palladium et Palladium hydrogéné." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112093.

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Cette thèse présente une méthode d’hydrogénation douce du Palladium et de ses alliages grâce à laquelle les concentrations x des composés PdHx voisines de 1 ont été obtenues. Les variations de résistivité résiduelle au cours de l’hydrogénation sont expliquées par un modèle de milieu effectif pour le domaine biphasé(x< 0,65), et par un modèle de diffusion locale pour le domaine monophasé(x> 0,65). L’étude de la résistivité de phonons du composé PdH fait apparaître une branche de phonons optiques, très bien découplée de la branche acoustique, et responsable de la supraconductivité dans ce composé. L’étude des interactions magnétiques dans les alliages avec une impureté telle que le Fer, le Cobalt ou le Manganèse révèle deux types de couplages entre les moments localisés, selon leur concentration. Dans les faibles concentrations, le couplage est oscillant et à longue portée (Friedel-Blandin), et nous montrons qu’il est assuré par les électrons de conduction de type s. Dans les fortes concentrations, le couplage est à courte portée, et dû aux électrons de type d. Ces résultats illustrent la variation spectaculaire de la structure électronique du Palladium obtenue par hydrogénation
This thesis describes a gentle method for the hydrogenation of Palladium and its alloys, thanks to which concentrations x for PdHx compounds’ close to 1 have been obtained. The variations of the residual resistivity during the hydrogenation are explained using an average medium model for the two phase domain (x < 0. 65) and by a local diffusion model for the single phase region (x>0. 65). The study of the phonon resistivity of the compound PdH shows the presence of an optical phonon branch well separated from the acoustic phonon branch, which is responsible for the superconductivity in this compound. The study of the magnetic interactions in alloys containing Iron, Cobalt or Manganese shows that these are two types of coupling between the local moments, depending on the concentration. At law concentrations the coupling is oscillating and long distance (Friedel-Blandin) and we show that it is due to s-like conduction electrons. At high concentrations the coupling is short range and due to d electrons. These results provide a further illustration of the spectacular variations in electronic structure obtained by hydrogenation of Palladium
8

Souffache, Blaise. "Etude comparative des propriétés de transport et des propriétés magnétiques d'alliages à base de palladium et palladium hydrogéné." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376013175.

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Kellali, Boujemâa. "Modification de catalyseurs à base de palladium en post-combustion automobile." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2308.

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Cette etude porte sur la preparation et la caracterisation de catalyseurs de post-combustion automobile a base de palladium modifie par differents elements metalliques par deux techniques: la coimpregnation des sels precurseurs et les impregnations successives des deux metaux avec une etape intermidiare de reduction, cette derniere methode permettant de limiter la formation d'alliage dans le cas des platine-rhodium/alumine-cerine. La caracterisation de catalyseurs monometalliques a base de palladium en oxydation des hydrocarbures propane-propene et en reduction de no par co, reactions caracteristiques des pots catalytiques, met en evidence un optimum pour une dispersion voisine de 40 a 50%. Le chlore introduit lors de l'impregnation des precurseurs empoisonne fortement l'activite des catalyseurs. De meme, la presence d'eau inhibe l'oxydation directe des hydrocarbures. L'association du palladium et de metaux reputes actifs pour l'epuration des gaz d'echappement (platine, or), conduit a des catalyseurs bimetalliques generalement moins performants que les catalyseurs monometalliques quelle que soit la methode de preparation utilisee. Par exemple, l'introduction du platine et du palladium sur un meme support alumine-cerine, induit une baisse de l'activite du platine en oxydation du propane et de l'activite du palladium en oxydation du methane. Cette inhibition de l'activite resulterait de la formation d'especes bimetalliques, laquelle interviendrait au cours de l'activation des catalyseurs et (ou) lors de l'introduction du second metal (impregnations successives) par reaction d'oxydo-reduction directe entre le palladium prereduit et l'ajout metallique. L'influence de la methode de preparation est apparue lors de la modification du palladium par des ajouts tels que ag, ru, cu, et co, dont la principale propriete recherchee est un potentiel de reduction standard inferieur a celui du palladium. En effet, la coimpregnation des deux metaux conduit generalement a une inhibition de l'activite oxydante du palladium. En revanche, les catalyseurs bimetalliques prepares par impregnations successives peuvent presenter une activite superieure a celle du palladium, en particulier apres vieillissement thermique. Enfin, cette derniere technique de preparation permet d'ameliorer l'activite et la selectivite des catalyseurs vieillis en reduction de no par co. Cet effet promoteur resulterait du depot du deuxieme metal sur les sites de cerine reduits du catalyseur parent, limitant ainsi l'interaction entre les deux metaux
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Hornez, Jean-Christophe. "Évaluation physico-chimique et biologique d'alliages dentaires à base de palladium." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-133.pdf.

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Le palladium est un métal de plus en plus utilisé pour les reconstitutions prothétiques dans le domaine d'odontologie. Il est particulièrement employé dans les alliages céramo-métalliques pour en élever le point de fusion en remplaçant le platine avantageusement sur le plan économique. En raison d'une controverse au sujet du palladium s'attaquant notamment à ces performances biologiques, notre étude concerne une évaluation de la cytocompatibilité de 36 alliages céramo-métalliques et conventionnels commercialisés pour déterminer l'impact du palladium sur leur cytocompatibilité. A partir de 4 tests de cytotoxicité in vitro (prolifération, viabilité, morphologie, inflammatoire) il nous a été possible d'établir un index de cytotoxicité afin de classer les alliages les uns par rapport aux autres. La présence de cuivre dans les alliages semblait être un facteur important concernant leur cytotoxicité. La deuxième partie de ce travail est effectué sur une série plus homogène de 14 alliages à base de palladium et établie par un plan d'expérience : Pd 60-80%, Cu 0-25%, Ag 0-40%, Au 0-10%. L'étude comporte la formulation, l'analyse de la microstructure des mesures de relargage suivies par ICP, des essais électrochimiques (potentiel d'abandon, polarisation anodique, polarisation globale) et l'évaluation de l'index de cytotoxicité de ces alliages par les mêmes tests biologiques. Le traitement de la réponse biologique et des données physico-chimiques par le plan d'expériences nous indique un effet défavorable du cuivre et qu'une proportion d'or environ 5% serait à respecter pour obtenir une cytocompatibilité optimale. La présence d'argent n'est pas un facteur défavorable (tout au moins pas dans le domaine d'étude). Les résultats obtenus en électrochimie et en cytocompatibilité valident aussi bien le plan d'expériences que l'index de cytotoxicité établi.
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Books on the topic "Électrocatalyseur à base de palladium":

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Leonard, Greg. Metals. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190656010.003.0011.

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Metals and metal products have long been traded on commodity markets. Trading in futures and options, as well as forwards, swaps, and other derivatives, is available for about a dozen metals. Traditionally metals have been divided into precious metals and base metals, used in industrial applications. Today the precious metals silver, platinum, and palladium are also primarily used in industrial applications, while gold is still primarily used as a store of value. CME Group exchanges and the London Metal Exchange are the best-known exchanges for metals derivatives trading. In recent years, trading volumes in all metals on exchanges in China have increased tremendously, and these exchanges have begun to contribute to global price discovery. Steel has the largest production of the base metals, but on-exchange trading of steel and its precursor iron ore has become significant only in the last few years, with trading focused in China.

Book chapters on the topic "Électrocatalyseur à base de palladium":

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Suggs, J. William, John D. Higgins, Richard W. Wagner, and Julie T. Millard. "Base-Selective DNA Cleavage with a Cyclometalated Palladium Complex." In ACS Symposium Series, 146–58. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1989-0402.ch010.

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Wiezorek, Jörg M. K. "Cold-Working and Annealing of L10-Ordering Iron-Palladium Base Intermetallics." In THERMEC 2006, 1487–94. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-428-6.1487.

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Magnetic properties of ion-pair coordination complex having iron(III) Schiff-base complex cation and palladium(III) thiolate anion." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, Magnetic Susceptibility Data, Volume 5, 403–5. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65098-1_143.

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Delcaillau, T., and B. Morandi. "1.16 Nickel-Catalyzed Bond Activation for Functional-Group Shuttling." In Base-Metal Catalysis 1. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-238-00290.

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AbstractFunctional-group shuttling, for example through shuttle catalysis or single-bond metathesis, has recently emerged as a powerful tool in targeted organic synthesis. This concept offers several advantages in comparison with traditional catalytic reactions. It enables the use of more-benign surrogates as formal functional-group donors, leading to safer reaction profiles. These reactions also often complement traditional cross-coupling reactions by allowing for base-free conditions, since no external inorganic reagent is required. Lately, nickel has emerged as an extremely useful transition metal in catalysis, complementing and often even surpassing the efficiency of noble metals, such as palladium. The focus of this chapter is to summarize recent developments in nickel-catalyzed functional-group-shuttling reactions.
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Nawaz Shariff, Shakeel, Supriya Saravu, and Dileep Ramakrishna. "Schiff Base Complexes for Catalytic Application." In Schiff Base in Organic, Inorganic and Physical Chemistry [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107904.

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Primary amines are combined with an aldehyde group to generate Schiff base compounds, which are called condensation imine products. This class of compounds has a general structure, R-C=NR\', where R and R\' represent alkyl/aryl/cyclohexyl/heterocyclic group. These compounds contain an azomethine group that is basic in nature due to, (i) the presence of lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen and (ii) electron-donating nature of the double bond. Hence, these compounds, as ligands, participate in the formation of metal complexes. The presence of lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom and the hybridization involved explains the physical, chemical, and spectral properties of nitrogen-containing moieties. In the case of (sp2) hybridization (trigonal structure), the lone pair of electrons occupies either a symmetrical unhybridized 2p orbital that is perpendicular to the plane of trigonal hybrids or a symmetrical hybrid orbital, whose axis is in the plane, leaving behind only the π-electrons in the unhybridized 2p orbital. A very similar type of hybridization is experienced by the nitrogen atom in the azomethine group. Traditional phosphine complexes of nickel, palladium, and platinum, particularly those of palladium, have played an extremely important role in the development of homogeneous catalysis. Schiff base complexes as catalysts have been studied for various organic transformations such as oxidation, epoxidation, reduction, coupling reactions, polymerization reactions, hydroformylations, and many more.
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Banerjee, S., and L. Ilies. "2.8 Iron-Catalyzed C—H Functionalization." In Base-Metal Catalysis 2. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-239-00143.

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AbstractThe direct functionalization of an organic substrate via transition-metal-catalyzed C—H bond activation is a powerful tool for building molecular complexity. Despite the abundance, low cost, and low toxicity of iron, which make it an ideal metal for sustainable catalysis, iron-catalyzed C—H activation has been less investigated compared with catalysis based on precious metals such as palladium or iridium. In this chapter, selected examples of iron-catalyzed activation of a C—H bond to create a new C—C bond are described. Arylation, hetarylation, alkenylation, and alkylation of C(sp2)—H and C(sp3)—H bonds is discussed. Most of the substrates require a directing group, but several examples of non-directed reactions are also presented. The functionalization of a C—H bond has been achieved by using organometallic reagents, organic halides and pseudohalides, multiple bonds such as alkenes and alkynes, and arenes or hetarenes as the reaction partner.
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Yoshizaki, H., H. Satoh, Y. Sato, S. Nukui, M. Shibasaki, and M. Mori,. "Total Synthesis of (+)- γ-Lycorane." In Exercises in Synthetic Organic Chemistry, 53. Oxford University PressOxford, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198559443.003.0039.

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Abstract Discussion Points What is the structure of the palladium complex formed in reaction a? What is the rationale for enantioselectivity of the reaction? When NaH was used as the base in the palladium-catalysed alkylation step a, no enantioselectivity was observed. An enantioselective reaction was obtained with the use of a lithium base or alternatively via the transformation of 2 into its silylated derivative 6. Propose an explanation for this finding. Further Reading For a review on the selectivity in palladium-catalysed allylic substitutions, see: C. G. Frost, J. Howarth and J.M. J. Williams, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry,1992, 3,1089. For reviews on the Heck reaction, see: W. Cabri and I. Candiani, Acc. Chem. Res.,1995, 28,2; K. Ritter, Synthesis,1993, 8,735. For a review on enantioselective organotransition metal mediated reactions, see: S. L. Blystone, Chem. Rev.,1989, 89,1663.
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Reiser, Oliver. "Catalytic coupling reactions." In Preparation of Alkenes, 157–94. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198557951.003.0008.

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Abstract Palladium- and nickel-catalyzed coupling reactions have become a powerful method for the functionalization of alkenes and arenes. There is a broad variety of different reactions to choose from, which in many cases can be used to reach the same synthetic end-point. Moreover, in recent years many different procedures for each type of reaction have been published, making it even more difficult to choose the right procedure for a particular synthetic problem. The following chapter will provide the reader with procedures that are applicable to a large number of substrates. Nevertheless, if a protocol should not work for a specific case, it might be worth changing the reaction conditions—even if this change appears to be rather small—since palladium-and nickel-catalyzed reactions are quite sensitive towards parameters such as the palladium source, ligand, base, solvent, temperature, and substrate.
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Rama Jyothi, Narjala, and Snehalatha Pulivarthi. "Cytotoxic Activity of Schiff Bases and their Complexes." In Schiff Base in Organic, Inorganic and Physical Chemistry [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108570.

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Various organic chelating agents have many applications in treating the several diseases and they act as antibacterial, antiviral, antimalarial and cytotoxic agents. Among the organic chelating agents thiosemicarbazones and their derivatives play a unique role in various fields of medicine. Thiosemicarbazones and their derivatives find a numerous applications and among them cytotoxic activity occupies a major portion due to the severity of the cancer treatment. In this present chapter we described and discussed the cytotoxic activity of thiosemicarbazones, their derivatives and various metal complexes of them. For this purpose, we reviewed the research articles published in various reputed international journals since 35 years. We summarized the results of those research findings and it is found that among the various metal ions, mostly the platinum and palladium complexes are effective cytotoxic agents than other metal complexes.
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Schatz, J., and M. Seler. "A „Base-Free“ Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0)-Assisted Suzuki Cross-Coupling Protocol Involving a Triethylborate Salt." In Fully Unsaturated Small-Ring Heterocycles and Monocyclic Five-Membered Hetarenes with One Heteroatom, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-109-00270.

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Conference papers on the topic "Électrocatalyseur à base de palladium":

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Johansen, Keld, Søren Dahl, Gurli Mogensen, Søren Pehrson, Jesper Schramm, and Anders Ivarsson. "Novel base metal-palladium catalytic diesel filter coating with NO2 reducing properties." In JSAE/SAE International Fuels & Lubricants Meeting. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-1921.

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LAULLOO, SABINA, SALMA Moosun, SHABNEEZ Bhewa, and MINU BHOWON. "Palladium Schiff Base Complexes: Potential catalysts for C-C bond reactions." In The 20th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-20-a022.

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Shamsuddin, Najwa Asilah M., Noor Nadia Haziqa Saidul Badri, Norul Azilah Abdul Rahman, and Nur Rahimah Said. "Examining the effect of base, solvent and temperature in heck reaction with the presence of palladium(II)-hydrazone complexes." In 4TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENCES, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (ISTEC) 2020: Exploring Materials for the Future. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0042891.

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Pathak, Anisha, and Banshi Dhar Gupta. "Palladium nanoparticles decorated MWCNTs engraved in polypyrrole matrix for the sensitive detection of hydrazine based on FOSPR." In JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jsap.2017.6a_a410_7.

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Hydrazine, a well-known reactive base and a critical reducing agent is a colorless liquid used substantially in industrial as well as in military applications [1]. Despite its acknowledged and long established applications, it is considered as a human carcinogen on minute levels of exposure through inhalation, ingestion or eye/skin contact. Hence, trace level detection of hydrazine is necessary for health safety. Various methods like liquid chromatography, spectrometry, electrochemical and optical have been reported for hydrazine sensing. We report a fiber optic SPR probe based on plasmonic property of silver thin film and palladium decorated MWCNTs engraved in polypyrrole matrix as sensing layer. Polypyrrole is a well-known conducting polymer used extensively for detection of hydrazine by charge transfer reactions leading to change in both its electrical and optical properties [2]. It also helps in attachments of Palladium-MWCNTs composite on silver coated probe.
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Sano, Tomohiro, Ken Suzuki, and Hideo Miura. "Effect of Dopant Element on the Strength and Reliability of Ni-Base Superalloy at High Temperatures." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87341.

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In order to assure the reliability of advanced gas turbine systems, it is very important to evaluate the damage of high temperature materials such as Ni-base superalloys under creep and fatigue conditions quantitatively. The mechanism of the directional coarsening (rafting) of the γ′ phase (Ni3Al) of Ni-base superalloys under uni-axial strain at high temperatures was analyzed by molecular dynamics (MD) analysis. The strain-induced anisotropic diffusion of Al atoms perpendicular to the interface between the γ′ phase and the γ phase (Ni-matrix) was observed clearly at a Ni(001)/Ni3Al(001) interface. The strain-induced anisotropic diffusion was validated by the experiment using the stacked thin film structures with the (001) face-centered cubic (FCC) interface. The reduction of the diffusion of Al atoms perpendicular to the interface is thus, effective for improving the creep and fatigue resistance of the alloy. It was found by MD analysis that palladium was one of the most effective elements that restrain Al atoms from moving around the interface under the applied stress. The presence of the interaction between the different dopant elements was also clarified.
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Srinivasan, G., R. Murcko, and K. Srihari. "Evaluation of Secondary Wire Bond Integrity on Ag Plated and Ni/Pd Based Lead Frame Plating Finishes." In ASME 2009 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME 2009 Summer Heat Transfer Conference and the ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/interpack2009-89241.

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As the legislatures demand the use of lead (Pb) free plating finishes in lead frame manufacturing, different plating finishes are being offered by the lead frame makers. Lead frames are most often designed with two different Pb free plating finishes, primarily tin and nickel/palladium (Ni/Pd) based. The tin post mold plated lead frames use silver selective plating on the lead fingers for secondary wire bonding whereas the pre-plated Ni/Pd based lead frames use the same Ni/Pd based finish throughout. Enhanced versions of Ni/Pd based plating finishes such as nickel/palladium/gold (Ni/Pd/Au), nickel/palladium/gold-palladium (Ni/Pd/Au-Pd) and nickel/palladium/gold-silver (Ni/Pd/Au – Ag) are now available to further improve the wirebondability, solderability and reliability of the package. The development of a new lead frame finish involves a wide variety of concerns which must be addressed and thus mandates further evaluation of these new structures. Using the common Pb free lead frame plating finish of selectively plated silver (Ag) as the basis, a comparative approach was used to evaluate the secondary wire bond integrity of a 25 micron (1 mil) thick gold wire on Ni/Pd based lead frame plating finishes. The integrity of the secondary wire bonds for different plating finishes was investigated at various assembly thermal exposure stages using the wire pull strength test as the arbiter. Reliability tests, such as High Temperature Storage (HTS) and Unbiased Highly Accelerated Stress Test (UBHAST), were also conducted. Finally, failure analysis was conducted with the help of metallographic cross sectioning, SEM/EDX (Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive X-ray) analysis and statistical analysis of the wire pull strength test results. Before wire bonding the lead frames, the plating surface was investigated for its surface integrity with the help of plating quality tests, such as: (i) adhesive tape test, (ii) bend test, (iii) heating test and the (iv) scribing test. Also, since wire pull is a destructive test, a statistical method called a nested gauge R&R study was used to estimate the repeatability and reproducibility of the measurement system. Failure analysis showed that there were silver and copper migrations over the Ag plated lead frame when exposed to a high temperature storage test at 175°C for 1000 hrs, but this did not affect the bond integrity. However, the Ni/Pd based lead frames did not show any metal migration since nickel acts as a barrier against the base metal diffusion.
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Sasaki, Yamato, Hiroyuki Itoh, Naokazu Murata, Ken Suzuki, and Hideo Miura. "High Temperature Damages of Ni-Base-Superalloy Caused by the Change of Nanotexture Due to Strain-Induced Anisotropic Diffusion." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37284.

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In order to assure the reliability of advanced gas turbine systems, it is very important to evaluate the damage of high temperature materials such as Ni-base superalloys under creep and fatigue conditions quantitatively. Since the micro texture of the gamma-prime (γ′) phase was found to vary during the creep damage process, it is possible, therefore, to evaluate the creep damage of this material quantitatively by measuring the change of the micro texture. The mechanism of the directional coarsening of γ′ phases (rafting) of Ni-base superalloy under an uni-axial strain at high temperatures was analyzed by molecular dynamics (MD) analysis. The stress-induced anisotropic diffusion of Al atoms perpendicular to the initially finely dispersed γ/γ′ interface in the superalloy crystal was observed clearly in a Ni(001)/Ni3Al(001) interface structure. The stress-induced anisotropic diffusion was validated by experiment using the stacked thin films structures which consisted of the (001) face-centered cubic (FCC) interface. The reduction of the diffusion of Al atoms perpendicular to the interface is thus, effective for improving the creep and fatigue resistance of the alloy. It was also found by MD analysis that the dopant elements in the superalloy also affected the strain-induced diffusion of Al atoms. Palladium was one of the most effective elements which restrain Al atoms from moving around the interface under the applied stress.
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Movassagh, Barahman, Mozhgan Navidi, and Nasrin Rezaei. "Palladium(II)-Schiff base complex supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes: A heterogeneous and reusable catalyst in the Suzuki- Miyaura and copper-free Sonogashira-Hagihara reactions." In The 17th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-17-a008.

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Movassagh, Barahman, Saeed Rayati, and Mozhgan Navidi. "Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes Functionalized with a Palladium(II)-Schiff Base Complex: A Recyclable and Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Copper-, Phosphorous- and Solvent-free Synthesis of Ynones." In The 16th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-16-01005.

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Miura, Hideo, Ken Suzuki, Yamato Sasaki, Tomohiro Sano, and Naokazu Murata. "High Temperature Damage of Ni-Base Superalloy Caused by the Change of Microtexture due to the Strain-Induced Anisotropic Diffusion of Component Elements." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62411.

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In order to assure the reliability of advanced gas turbine systems, it is very important to evaluate the damage of high temperature materials such as Ni-base superalloys under creep and fatigue conditions quantitatively. Since the micro texture of the gamma-prime (γ′) phase was found to vary during the creep damage process, it is possible, therefore, to evaluate the creep damage of this material quantitatively by measuring the change of the micro texture. The mechanism of the directional coarsening of γ′ phasesof Ni-base superalloy under uni-axial strain at high temperatures, which is called rafting, was analyzed by using molecular dynamics (MD) analysis. The stress-induced anisotropic diffusion of Al atoms perpendicular to the finely dispersed γ/γ′ interface in the superalloy was observed clearly in a Ni(001)/Ni3Al(001) interface structure. The stress-induced anisotropic diffusion was validated by experiment using the stacked thin films structures which consisted of the (001) face-centered cubic (FCC) interface. The reduction of the diffusion of Al atoms perpendicular to the interface is thus, effective for improving the creep and fatigue resistance of the alloy. It was also found by MD analysis that the dopant elements in the superalloy also affected the strain-induced diffusion of Al atoms. Both palladium and tantalum were effective elements which restrain Al atoms from moving around the interface under the applied stress, while titanium and tungsten accelerated the strain-induced anisotropic diffusion, and thus, the rafting phenomenon.

Reports on the topic "Électrocatalyseur à base de palladium":

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Olsen. PR-179-10203-R01 Characterization of Oxidation Catalyst Performance - VOCs and Temperature Variation. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010753.

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Oxidation catalysts are typically specified to reduce carbon monoxide (CO), Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) and/or Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from lean-burn engines. The application of catalysts to HAPs and VOC destruction is more recent, so greater effort has been placed on optimizing for CO oxidation than HAPs or VOC oxidation. In general, the catalysts consist of a porous, high surface area -alumina carrier material on a ceramic (typically cordierite) or stainless steel substrate. Although the alumina has some effectiveness in oxidation at high temperature, its primary role here is to provide a high surface area support for a well dispersed layer of platinum (Pt) and/or palladium (Pd) which provides numerous catalytic sites for oxidation activity. This work extends the current knowledge-base for application of oxidation catalysts in three areas: (1) species specific removal efficiencies, (2) temperature dependence, and (3) space velocity.

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