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Journal articles on the topic 'Electroactive phase'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Chinya, Ipsita, Abhishek Sasmal, Avijit Pal, and Shrabanee Sen. "Flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters using different architectures of ferrite based nanocomposites." CrystEngComm 21, no. 22 (2019): 3478–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ce00406h.

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Yuan, Du, Zibiao Li, Warintorn Thitsartarn, Xiaoshan Fan, Jiaotong Sun, Hui Li, and Chaobin He. "β phase PVDF-hfp induced by mesoporous SiO2 nanorods: synthesis and formation mechanism." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 15 (2015): 3708–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc00005j.

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3

Thakur, Pradip, Arpan Kool, Biswajoy Bagchi, Nur Amin Hoque, Sukhen Das, and Papiya Nandy. "The role of cerium(iii)/yttrium(iii) nitrate hexahydrate salts on electroactive β phase nucleation and dielectric properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) thin films." RSC Advances 5, no. 36 (2015): 28487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra03524d.

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4

Zherebov, A., A. Lachinov, V. Kornilov, and M. Zolotukhin. "Metal phase in electroactive polymer induced by uniaxial pressure." Synthetic Metals 84, no. 1-3 (January 1997): 735–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-6779(96)04122-7.

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5

Zherebov, A., A. Lachinov, and V. Kornilov. "Metal phase in electroactive polymer induced by traps ionization." Synthetic Metals 84, no. 1-3 (January 1997): 917–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-6779(96)04896-5.

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6

Li, Longchao, Juan Ge, Ling Wang, Baolin Guo, and Peter X. Ma. "Electroactive nanofibrous biomimetic scaffolds by thermally induced phase separation." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 2, no. 36 (July 21, 2014): 6119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tb00493k.

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7

Kar, Epsita, Navonil Bose, Sukhen Das, Nillohit Mukherjee, and Sampad Mukherjee. "Enhancement of electroactive β phase crystallization and dielectric constant of PVDF by incorporating GeO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 35 (2015): 22784–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp03975d.

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8

Thakur, Pradip, Arpan Kool, Biswajoy Bagchi, Nur Amin Hoque, Sukhen Das, and Papiya Nandy. "Improvement of electroactive β phase nucleation and dielectric properties of WO3·H2O nanoparticle loaded poly(vinylidene fluoride) thin films." RSC Advances 5, no. 77 (2015): 62819–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra11407a.

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9

Lee, Ji Eun, and Siu Ning Leung. "Multi-stage crystallization mechanism of electroactive phase polyvinylidene fluoride induced by thermal and supercritical carbon dioxide processing." CrystEngComm 20, no. 29 (2018): 4080–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ce00531a.

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10

Chandran, Akash M., S. Varun, and Prasanna Kumar S. Mural. "Development of self-poled PVDF/MWNT flexible nanocomposites with a boosted electroactive β-phase." New Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 34 (2020): 14578–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nj02003f.

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In the present study, we report a simple fabrication method for poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVDF/MWCNT flexible nanocomposite films with a boosted electroactive phase that enhanced the dielectric and piezoelectric properties.

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11

Lee, Ji Eun, Yanting Guo, Richard Eungkee Lee, and Siu Ning Leung. "Fabrication of electroactive poly(vinylidene fluoride) through non-isothermal crystallization and supercritical CO2 processing." RSC Adv. 7, no. 77 (2017): 48712–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra09162a.

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12

Kutyła, Dawid, Karolina Kołczyk-Siedlecka, Anna Kwiecińska, Katarzyna Skibińska, Remigiusz Kowalik, and Piotr Żabiński. "Preparation and characterization of electrodeposited Ni-Ru alloys: morphological and catalytic study." Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 23, no. 11 (October 15, 2019): 3089–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10008-019-04374-7.

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Abstract Nickel-ruthenium alloys with various compositions have been deposited by electrodeposition for the first time. Cyclic voltammetry and linear stripping voltammetry measurements show that codeposition of nickel with ruthenium is possible below the potential value of nickel reduction. High-quality alloys containing nickel and ruthenium can be plated at cathodic potentials ranging from − 0.5 to − 1.0 V vs SCE. Deposited coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The diffractograms obtained show that an increase of nickel concentration in alloy will lead to a change in the phase composition and formation of NiRu (100) and (101) phases which is observed to be 78 mas.% Ni. SEM studies confirm the surface homogeneity and presence of small, regular grains. AFM observation allows the estimation of the real surface area of obtained alloys which increase with more negative electrodeposition potentials. Ni-Ru alloys were found to be highly electroactive in the water splitting process, which can be connected with the presence of the NiRu phase and a well-developed electroactive area.

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13

Dutta, Biplab, Epsita Kar, Navonil Bose, and Sampad Mukherjee. "Significant enhancement of the electroactive β-phase of PVDF by incorporating hydrothermally synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles." RSC Advances 5, no. 127 (2015): 105422–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra21903e.

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The influence of copper oxide nanoparticles on the polymorphism of PVDF is systematically investigated. Strong interfacial interactions between the negative nanoparticle surface and positive –CH₂ dipoles of PVDF enhance the electroactive β-phase.

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14

Ico, Gerardo, Adam Showalter, Wayne Bosze, Shannon C. Gott, Bum Sung Kim, Masaru P. Rao, Nosang V. Myung, and Jin Nam. "Size-dependent piezoelectric and mechanical properties of electrospun P(VDF-TrFE) nanofibers for enhanced energy harvesting." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 6 (2016): 2293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta10423h.

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Dimensional reduction of electrospun P(VDF-TrFE) increases crystallinity (DOC), electroactive phase content (EA), Young’s modulus (E) and piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃), collectively leading to enhanced piezoelectric energy harvesting efficiency.

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15

Ahn, Yong Jin, Joon Young Im, Yong Sok Seo, and Soon Man Hong. "Enhanced Piezoelectric Properties of Electrospun Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/ Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Composites." Advances in Science and Technology 77 (September 2012): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.77.82.

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We prepared poly(vinylidene fluoride)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites using electrospinning process and investigated its effect on the polymorphic behavior and electroactive properties. The remanant polarization and piezoelectric response increased with the the amount of MWCNT and piezoelectric -phase crystal. Interfacial interaction between MWCNT and PVDF caused high degree of -phase derived from external stretching.

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16

Thakur, Pradip, Arpan Kool, Biswajoy Bagchi, Sukhen Das, and Papiya Nandy. "Effect of in situ synthesized Fe2O3and Co3O4nanoparticles on electroactive β phase crystallization and dielectric properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) thin films." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 2 (2015): 1368–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp04006f.

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17

Ding, Ran, Lei Gong, Ming-ming Li, Shu-hua Chen, Shi-ping Zhan, Xu-dong Sun, Cheng Zhang, and Tao Shao. "Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Plasma-Treated BaTiO3 Nanocomposites with Enhanced Electroactive Phase." Macromolecular Research 26, no. 11 (November 2018): 965–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13233-018-6118-9.

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18

Ren, Zhi, Wei Hu, Chao Liu, Shenshen Li, Xiaofan Niu, and Qibing Pei. "Phase-Changing Bistable Electroactive Polymer Exhibiting Sharp Rigid-to-Rubbery Transition." Macromolecules 49, no. 1 (December 29, 2015): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02382.

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19

Komilov, V., and A. Lachinov. "Metal phase in electroactive polymer induced by change in boundary conditions." Synthetic Metals 84, no. 1-3 (January 1997): 893–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-6779(96)04199-9.

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20

Alévêque, Olivier, Eric Levillain, and Yohann Morille. "Electroactive mixed self-assembled monolayers: A numerical overview of phase segregations." Electrochemistry Communications 45 (August 2014): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2014.05.009.

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21

Lizundia, Erlantz, Ander Reizabal, Carlos M. Costa, Alberto Maceiras, and Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez. "Electroactive γ-Phase, Enhanced Thermal and Mechanical Properties and High Ionic Conductivity Response of Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride)/Cellulose Nanocrystal Hybrid Nanocomposites." Materials 13, no. 3 (February 6, 2020): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030743.

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Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were incorporated into poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) to tailor the mechanical and dielectric properties of this electroactive polymer. PVDF/CNC nanocomposites with concentrations up to 15 wt.% were prepared by solvent-casting followed by quick vacuum drying in order to ensure the formation of the electroactive γ-phase. The changes induced by the presence of CNCs on the morphology of PVDF and its crystalline structure, thermal properties, mechanical performance and dielectric behavior are explored. The results suggest a relevant role of the CNC surface −OH groups, which interact with PVDF fluorine atoms. The real dielectric constant ε’ of nanocomposites at 200 Hz was found to increase by 3.6 times up to 47 for the 15 wt.% CNC nanocomposite due to an enhanced ionic conductivity provided by CNCs. The approach reported here in order to boost the formation of the γ-phase of PVDF upon the incorporation of CNCs serves to further develop cellulose-based multifunctional materials.

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22

Schulz, R., J. Y. Huot, M. L. Trudeau, L. Dignard-Bailey, Z. H. Yan, S. Jin, A. Lamarre, E. Ghali, and A. Van Neste. "Nanocrystalline Ni-Mo alloys and their application in electrocatalysis." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 11 (November 1994): 2998–3008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.2998.

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The structural and electrocatalytic properties of metastable Ni-Mo alloys have been investigated for the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline solutions. Amorphous and nanocrystalline phases have been prepared by mechanically alloying the elemental components under various milling conditions. Fcc nanocrystals are formed when the Mo concentration is smaller than 30 at. %. The nanocrystalline state becomes unstable with respect to the amorphous phase when the Mo content in the solid solution exceeds 30 at. %. The electroactive phase for the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline solutions is the nanocrystalline supersaturated solid solution. The presence of oxygen during the milling process improves the properties of the alloys.

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23

Miguel, Álvaro, Francisco González, Víctor Gregorio, Nuria García, and Pilar Tiemblo. "Solvent-Free Procedure for the Preparation under Controlled Atmosphere Conditions of Phase-Segregated Thermoplastic Polymer Electrolytes." Polymers 11, no. 3 (March 1, 2019): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11030406.

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A solvent-free method that allows thermoplastic solid electrolytes based on poly(ethylene oxide) PEO to be obtained under controlled atmosphere conditions is presented. This method comprises two steps, the first one being the melt compounding of PEO with a filler, able to physically crosslink the polymer and its pelletizing, and the second the pellets’ swelling with an electroactive liquid phase. This method is an adaptation of the step described in previous publications of the preparation of thermoplastic electrolytes by a single melt compounding. In comparison to the single step extrusion methodology, this new method permits employing electroactive species that are very sensitive to atmospheric conditions. The two-step method can also be designed to produce controlled phase-segregated morphologies in the electrolyte, namely polymer-poor and polymer-rich phases, with the aim of increasing ionic conductivity over that of homogeneous electrolytes. An evaluation of the characteristics of the electrolytes prepared by single and two-step procedures is done by comparing membranes prepared by both methods using PEO as a polymeric scaffold and a solution of the room-temperature ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (EMI TFSI) and the bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide lithium salt (Li TFSI) as liquid phase. The electrolytes prepared by both methods have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and optic microscopy profilometry, differential scanning calorimetry, self-creep experiments, and dielectric spectroscopy. In this way, the phase separation, rheology, and ionic conductivity are studied and compared. It is striking how the electrolytes prepared with this new method maintain their solid-like behavior even at 90 °C. Compared to the single step method, the two-step method produces electrolytes with a phase-separated morphology, which results in higher ionic conductivity.

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24

Tohluebaji, Nikruesong, Chatchai Putson, and Nantakan Muensit. "High Electromechanical Deformation Based on Structural Beta-Phase Content and Electrostrictive Properties of Electrospun Poly(vinylidene fluoride- hexafluoropropylene) Nanofibers." Polymers 11, no. 11 (November 5, 2019): 1817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11111817.

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The poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF-HFP)) polymer based on electrostrictive polymers is essential in smart materials applications such as actuators, transducers, microelectromechanical systems, storage memory devices, energy harvesting, and biomedical sensors. The key factors for increasing the capability of electrostrictive materials are stronger dielectric properties and an increased electroactive β-phase and crystallinity of the material. In this work, the dielectric properties and microstructural β-phase in the P(VDF-HFP) polymer were improved by electrospinning conditions and thermal compression. The P(VDF-HFP) fibers from the single-step electrospinning process had a self-induced orientation and electrical poling which increased both the electroactive β-crystal phase and the spontaneous dipolar orientation simultaneously. Moreover, the P(VDF-HFP) fibers from the combined electrospinning and thermal compression achieved significantly enhanced dielectric properties and microstructural β-phase. Thermal compression clearly induced interfacial polarization by the accumulation of interfacial surface charges among two β-phase regions in the P(VDF-HFP) fibers. The grain boundaries of nanofibers frequently have high interfacial polarization, as they can trap charges migrating in an applied field. This work showed that the combination of electrospinning and thermal compression for electrostrictive P(VDF-HFP) polymers can potentially offer improved electrostriction behavior based on the dielectric permittivity and interfacial surface charge distributions for application in actuator devices, textile sensors, and nanogenerators.

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Bhardwaj, Sumit, Joginder Paul, Subhash Chand, K. K. Raina, and Ravi Kumar. "Electroactive Phase Induced Bi4Ti3O12–Poly(Vinylidene Difluoride) Composites with Improved Dielectric Properties." Journal of Electronic Materials 44, no. 10 (June 10, 2015): 3710–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-015-3848-8.

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26

Chen, Caifeng, Feixiang Cai, Yuan Zhu, Linchen Liao, Jilong Qian, Fuh-Gwo Yuan, and Ningyi Zhang. "3D printing of electroactive PVDF thin films with high β-phase content." Smart Materials and Structures 28, no. 6 (May 8, 2019): 065017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ab15b7.

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27

Yin, Zerun, Bobo Tian, Qiuxiang Zhu, and Chungang Duan. "Characterization and Application of PVDF and Its Copolymer Films Prepared by Spin-Coating and Langmuir–Blodgett Method." Polymers 11, no. 12 (December 8, 2019): 2033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11122033.

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Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and its copolymers are key polymers, displaying properties such as flexibility and electroactive responses, including piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity, and ferroelectricity. In the past several years, they have been applied in numerous applications, such as memory, transducers, actuators, and energy harvesting and have shown thriving prospects in the ongoing research and commercialization process. The crystalline polymorphs of PVDF can present nonpolar α, ε phase and polar β, γ, and δ phases with different processing methods. The copolymers, such as poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)), can crystallize directly into a phase analogous to the β phase of PVDF. Since the β phase shows the highest dipole moment among polar phases, many reproducible and efficient methods producing β-phase PVDF and its copolymer have been proposed. In this review, PVDF and its copolymer films prepared by spin-coating and Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) method are introduced, and relevant characterization techniques are highlighted. Finally, the development of memory, artificial synapses, and medical applications based on PVDF and its copolymers is elaborated.

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28

Abdolmaleki, Hamed, and Shweta Agarwala. "PVDF-BaTiO3 Nanocomposite Inkjet Inks with Enhanced β-Phase Crystallinity for Printed Electronics." Polymers 12, no. 10 (October 21, 2020): 2430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102430.

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Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and its copolymers are promising electroactive polymers showing outstanding ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and pyroelectric properties in comparison with other organic materials. They have shown promise for applications in flexible sensors, energy-harvesting transducers, electronic skins, and flexible memories due to their biocompatibility, high chemical stability, bending and stretching abilities. PVDF can crystallize at five different phases of α, β, γ, δ, and ε; however, ferro-, piezo-, and pyroelectric properties of this polymer only originate from polar phases of β and γ. In this research, we reported fabrication of PVDF inkjet inks with enhanced β-phase crystallinity by incorporating barium titanate nanoparticles (BaTiO3). BaTiO3 not only acts as a nucleating agent to induce β-phase crystallinity, but it also improves the electric properties of PVDF through synergistic a ferroelectric polarization effect. PVDF-BaTiO3 nanocomposite inkjet inks with different BaTiO3 concentrations were prepared by wet ball milling coupled with bath ultrasonication. It was observed that the sample with 5 w% of BaTiO3 had the highest β-phase crystallinity, while in higher ratios overall crystallinity deteriorated progressively, leading to more amorphous structures.

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Vorob'eva, Natalya V., and Aleksei N. Lachinov. "Reversible Metal/Dielectric Phase Transition of Metal/Polymer Structures in Magnetic Field: Tuning the Sign of Magnetoresistance." Materials Science Forum 845 (March 2016): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.845.3.

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Abrupt phase transitions in the structure of ferromagnet/ electroactive polymer/ non-magnetic metal have been found in the number of studies in magnetic field as huge magnetoresistive effects. The sign of magnetoresistance depends on the conductivity state that the polymer has possessed at the beginning of the experiment.The ways of managing of metal/ dielectric phase transition in the polymer layer with the aid of weak external magnetic field are considered. The model of local conversion of charge mobility in the conductive channels is suggested.

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30

Yang, Shumin, Fang Wang, Xiaohui Li, Yangjiang Wu, Tongxin Chang, Zhijun Hu, and Gangli An. "Immobilized ionic liquid induced electroactive β-phase in poly(vinylidene fluoride) thin films." Polymer 181 (October 2019): 121784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121784.

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31

Mandal, Dipankar, Karsten Henkel, and Dieter Schmeißer. "The electroactive β-phase formation in Poly(vinylidene fluoride) by gold nanoparticles doping." Materials Letters 73 (April 2012): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2011.11.117.

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32

Kim, Seung-Hyun, So-Jeong Park, Chang-Yeol Cho, Hong Suk Kang, Eun-Ho Sohn, In Jun Park, Jong-Wook Ha, and Sang Goo Lee. "Preparation and electroactive phase adjustment of Ag-doped poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) films." RSC Advances 9, no. 69 (2019): 40286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra08763j.

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33

Ye, Hui-Jian, Li Yang, Wen-Zhu Shao, Yang Li, Song-Bai Sun, and Liang Zhen. "Effect of electron irradiation on electroactive phase and dielectric properties of PVDF films." RSC Adv. 4, no. 26 (2014): 13525–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ra47550f.

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34

Sebastian, M. S., A. Larrea, R. Gonçalves, T. Alejo, J. L. Vilas, V. Sebastian, P. Martins, and S. Lanceros-Mendez. "Understanding nucleation of the electroactive β-phase of poly(vinylidene fluoride) by nanostructures." RSC Adv. 6, no. 114 (2016): 113007–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra24356h.

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35

Gayen, Anandalal, Dheeraj Mondal, Poonam Bandyopadhyay, Debbethi Bera, Durga Bhar, Sukhen Das, Raj Manchanda, et al. "Effect of Homeopathic Dilutions of Cuprum Arsenicosum on the Electrical Properties of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-Co-Hexafluoropropylene)." Homeopathy 107, no. 02 (February 27, 2018): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1626733.

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Background We report the effects of nanoparticles in homeopathic preparations of copper salts on the electrical properties of polymer film. Previous work showed that the incorporation of metal-derived homeopathic medicines increases the dielectric constant and alternating current (AC) conductivity of an electroactive polymer film that is commonly used as a capacitor in the electronic industry.We report here the effect of dilution of one homeopathic medicine, Cuprum arsenicosum (CuAs), at 200C potency on the electrical properties of the polymer film of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene). Methods CuAs 200c was incorporated in the film by the solution casting method. The electrical characteristics were measured at different frequencies using an inductance, capacitance, and resistance meter. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed to detect phase change in the polymer film due to the incorporation of CuAs. Morphology and particle size were studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Results At 10 kHz frequency, both dielectric constant and AC conductivity increased approximately 18 times for the polymer film when incorporated with 2 mL CuAs at 200C potency. FTIR indicated the increase in conducting phase, while FESEM and EDX confirmed the presence of spherical CuAs particles. Conclusion The incorporation of CuAs in the electroactive polymer film enhances the conductivity and dielectric constant. We conclude that these changes arise from the change in phase of the polymer film, and because of the presence of two different metals that affects the interfacial polarization.

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Grohe, B., G. Miehe, and G. Wegner. "Additive controlled crystallization of barium titanate powders and their application for thin-film ceramic production: Part II. From nano-sized powders to ceramic thin films." Journal of Materials Research 16, no. 7 (July 2001): 1911–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2001.0500.

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Nano-sized barium titanate (BaTiO3) particles prepared by the sol-to-precipitate method in aqueous/organic medium served to obtain thin-layer ceramic films of the tetragonal electroactive phase. Poly(methacrylic acid) works efficiently to process the suspensions and to obtain green films. Sintering the green films under O2–Ar atmosphere gave thin-layered ceramics of a thickness of 0.5–1.0 mm with a dielectric constant of 3750 at 20 °C (1 kHz).

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37

Martins, P., C. M. Costa, M. Benelmekki, and S. Lanceros-Mendez. "Nanoparticle Dispersion and Electroactive Phase Content in Polyvinylidene Fluoride/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 Nanocomposites for Magnetoelectric Applications." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 12, no. 8 (August 1, 2012): 6845–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2012.4543.

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38

Tian, Huihui, Lin Qi, Debo Xiang, Huibo Shao, and Hua-Zhong Yu. "Homogenized redox behavior of electroactive self-assembled monolayers on gold in the organic phase." Electrochimica Acta 170 (July 2015): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.04.143.

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39

Chen, Jun-Jun, Ying Li, Xu-Min Zheng, Fu-An He, and Kwok-Ho Lam. "Enhancement in electroactive crystalline phase and dielectric performance of novel PEG-graphene/PVDF composites." Applied Surface Science 448 (August 2018): 320–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.04.144.

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40

Zemanová, Matilda, Jakub Druga, Ján Szúnyogh, and Edmund Dobročka. "Ni-W Alloys for Hydrogen Evolution." Materials Science Forum 844 (March 2016): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.844.167.

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Ni-W alloys were prepared by electrodeposition at diverse processing conditions. The Ni-W alloys were studied by SEM, EDX and XRD analysis to determine composition and morphology of the surface in dependence on electrodeposition conditions. Focus was put on surface with electroactive sites for hydrogen evolution. Stability of the alloys in chloride medium was determined applying chronopotentiometry and potentiodynamic polarization. Electrochemical behavior of the alloys was tested in alkaline solution by cyclic voltammetry. It was found that processing conditions directly influence quality of the Ni-W alloys concerning phase, morphology and composition. Prevailing amorphous phase of Ni-W alloys supports corrosion rate growth.

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Lim, Jun Young, Sook Young Park, Hyun Jeong Kim, and Yongsok Seo. "Potential of Polarized PVDF/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite Scaffolds for Cell Growth." MRS Proceedings 1718 (2015): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2015.549.

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ABSTRACTWe investigated the effects of varying the multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) contents, as well as the additional use of drawing and poling on the polymorphic behavior and electroactive (piezoelectric) properties of the cast poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/MWCNT membranes. Dramatic changes occurred in the polar β-phase crystal contents with the MWCNT loading. An optimum concentration of MWCNT exists for PVDF film polarization. On the other hand, films prepared by electrospinning process exhibited almost constant amount of β-phase with the MWCNT concentration. In this process, polymer fibers with diameters down to the nanometer range, or nanofibers, are formed by subjecting a fluid jet to a high electric field. The remanent polarization and piezoelectric response increased with the β-phase crystals. Cell adhesion and proliferation measured with MTT (Methylthiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay coincidentally responded to the polarized PVDF films (β-phase amount).

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Tohluebaji, Nikruesong, Chatchai Putson, and Nantakan Muensit. "Enhanced electroactive β-phase formation and dielectric properties of piezoelectric electrospun nanofibers by ZnO nanoparticles." Materials Today: Proceedings 17 (2019): 1637–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.193.

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Fortunato, Marco, Chandrakanth Chandraiahgari, Giovanni De Bellis, Paolo Ballirano, Francesca Sarto, Alessio Tamburrano, and Maria Sarto. "Piezoelectric Effect and Electroactive Phase Nucleation in Self-Standing Films of Unpoled PVDF Nanocomposite Films." Nanomaterials 8, no. 9 (September 19, 2018): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8090743.

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Novel polymer-based piezoelectric nanocomposites with enhanced electromechanical properties open new opportunities for the development of wearable energy harvesters and sensors. This paper investigates how the dissolution of different types of hexahydrate metal salts affects β-phase content and piezoelectric response (d33) at nano- and macroscales of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposite films. The strongest enhancement of the piezoresponse is observed in PVDF nanocomposites processed with Mg(NO3)2⋅6H2O. The increased piezoresponse is attributed to the synergistic effect of the dipole moment associated with the nucleation of the electroactive phase and with the electrostatic interaction between the CF2 group of PVDF and the dissolved salt through hydrogen bonding. The combination of nanofillers like graphene nanoplatelets or zinc oxide nanorods with the hexahydrate salt dissolution in PVDF results in a dramatic reduction of d33, because the nanofiller assumes a competitive role with respect to H-bond formation between PVDF and the dissolved metal salt. The measured peak value of d33 reaches the local value of 13.49 pm/V, with an average of 8.88 pm/V over an area of 1 cm2. The proposed selection of metal salt enables low-cost production of piezoelectric PVDF nanocomposite films, without electrical poling or mechanical stretching, offering new opportunities for the development of devices for energy harvesting and wearable sensors.

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Huang, Yilan, Guozhan Xia, Weijian Zhou, and Weiqiu Chen. "On the Green’s functions for a two-phase soft electroactive medium subjected to biasing fields." Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements 64 (March 2016): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enganabound.2015.12.006.

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Singh, Rupali, S. Janakiraman, Mohammed Khalifa, S. Anandhan, Sudipto Ghosh, A. Venimadhav, and K. Biswas. "An electroactive β-phase polyvinylidene fluoride as gel polymer electrolyte for magnesium–ion battery application." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 851 (October 2019): 113417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113417.

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Mahato, P. K., A. Seal, S. Garain, and S. Sen. "Effect of fabrication technique on the crystalline phase and electrical properties of PVDF films." Materials Science-Poland 33, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msp-2015-0020.

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AbstractThe effect of different fabrication techniques on the formation of electroactive β-phase polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has been investigated. Films with varying concentration of PVDF and solvent - dimethyl formamide (DMF) were synthesized by tape casting and solvent casting techniques. The piezoelectric β-phase as well as non polar β-phase were observed for both the tape cast and solvent cast films from X-ray diffraction (XRD) micrographs and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra. A maximum percentage (80 %) of β-phase was obtained from FT-IR analysis for a solvent cast PVDF film. The surface morphology of the PVDF films was analyzed by FESEM imaging. The dielectric properties as a function of temperature and frequency and the ferroelectric hysteresis loop as a function of voltage were measured. An enhancement in the value of the dielectric constant and polarization was obtained in solvent cast films.

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Subramanian, Ashwanth, Gregory Doerk, Kim Kisslinger, Daniel H. Yi, Robert B. Grubbs, and Chang-Yong Nam. "Three-dimensional electroactive ZnO nanomesh directly derived from hierarchically self-assembled block copolymer thin films." Nanoscale 11, no. 19 (2019): 9533–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr00206e.

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Fu, Chao, Xuemei Wang, Xiang Shi, and Xianghai Ran. "The induction of poly(vinylidene fluoride) electroactive phase by modified anodic aluminum oxide template nanopore surface." RSC Advances 5, no. 106 (2015): 87429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra10309f.

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Li, Qingqing, Wanyu Ke, Tongxin Chang, and Zhijun Hu. "A molecular ferroelectrics induced electroactive β-phase in solution processed PVDF films for flexible piezoelectric sensors." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, no. 6 (2019): 1532–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc05090b.

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Armbruster, Pascal, Yannick Oster, Marcel Vogt, and Christian Pylatiuk. "Design of a mechanism for converting the energy of knee motions by using electroactive polymers." Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik 62, no. 6 (November 27, 2017): 643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmt-2016-0138.

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AbstractHarvesting energy from human body motions has become a promising option to prolong battery life for powering medical devices for autonomy. Up to now, different generating principles including dielectric electroactive polymers (DEAPs) have been suggested for energy conversion. However, there is a lack of mechanisms that are specifically designed to convert energy with DEAPs. In a proof of concept study, a mechanical system was designed for stretching DEAPs in those phases of the gait cycle, in which the muscles mainly perform negative work. Rotational movements of the knee joint are transformed into linear movements by using a cable pull. The DEAP can be charged during the stretching phase and discharged during releasing and allows for the conversion of kinetic energy into electric energy. To evaluate the concept, tests were conducted. It was found that the developed body energy harvesting (BEH) system has a performance in the range of 24–40 μW at normal walking speed. The converted energy is sufficient for powering sensors in medical devices such as active orthoses or prostheses.

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